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WORLD OF MICROORGANISMS.

STRUCTURE OF BACTERIA.SIZE-0.2-1.5 MICROMETRE DIAMETER & 3-5 MICROMETRE IN LENGTH.1 MICROMETRE/MICRON-1/1000 OF A MM.

SHAPE OF BACTERIA.COCCI

BACILLI.

VIBRIOS.

SPIRILLA.

ACTINOMYCETS.

MYCOPLASMA

STRUCTURE OF BACTERIAL CELL.CELL WALL.TOUGH & RIGID STRUCTURE.10-25 NM THICKNESS.MADE OF PEPTIDOGLYCON& TECHOIC ACID.

CELL WALL.

FUNCTIONS OF CELLWALL.RIGIDITY & SHAPE TO CELL WALL.VIRULENCE & IMMUNITY.MAINTAIN OSMOTIC PRESSSURE.ENDOTOXIC ACTIVITY.TAKES PART IN CELL DIVISION.

CYTOPLASMA.THIN, ELASTIC ,5-10 nm ,SEMIPERMEABLE LINING AT THE INNER SURFACE OF THE CELL WALL.MADE OF LIPOPROTEIN.

FUNCTIONS OF PLASMA MEMBRANE.SEMIPERMEABLE MEMBRANE.PARTICIPATE IN ACTIVE TRANSPORT.TAKES PART IN RESPIRATION.

MESOSOMES.COMPLEX INFOLDING OF CELL MEMBRANE WHICH CONTAIN VESICLES & TUBULES.

FUNCTION OF MESOSOMES.RESPIRATORY ENZYMES.CELL DIVISION.

CYTOPLASM.COLLOID SYSTEM WHICH CONTAINS ORGANIC & INORGANIC SOLUTES.

RIBOSOMES. TINY GRANULES SCATTERED AT THE CYTOPLASM.

VACUOLES.FLUID FILLED CAVITIES SEPERATED FROM THE CYTOPLASM.

NUCLEUS.CONTAINS DNA & ABOUT 1MM IN LENGTH.SINGLE, CIRCULAR MOLECULE.SIZE IS 10-15 NM.

INCLUSION GRANULES.NON LIVING BODIES DEPOSITED AT THE CYTOPLASM.ENERGY RESERVES.

CAPSULE OR SLIME LAYER.

ORGANIC POLYMERS DEPOSITED OUTSIDE THE CELL,AS LOOSE, GELATINOUS, AMORPHOUS VISCID LAYER.LOOSE & IRREGULAR ARRANGEMENT-SLIME LAYER.ORGANIZED & SHARPLY DEFINED-CAPSULE.

FLAGELLA.THREAD LIKE STRUCTURES FROM CYTOPLASM.5-20 MICROMETRE IN LENGTH.PROTEIN FLAGELLIN.

CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANISMS BASED ON THE PRESENCE OF FLAGELLA.

PILI OR FIMBRIAE.STRUCTURES FROM CYTOPLASM.0.1-1MICROGRAM*10NMPROTEIN CALLED PILIN.FUNCTION.ADHESION FACTOR.SEX PILI.

BACTERIAL SPORES.

HIGHLY RESISTANT RESTING STAGE.IF INSIDE PARENT CELL-ENDOSPORES.PLEOMORPHISM.

FUNCTIONS OF BACTERIA.

FACTORS AFFECTING BACTERIAL GROWTH.

GROWTH OF BACTERIA.GROWTH REQUIREMENTS.WATER.CARBON,NITROGEN& ENERGY SOURCES. -AUTOTROPHS & HETROTROPHS.GROWTH FACTORS.PH.TEMPERATURE.

GASEOUS REQUIREMENT.OBLIGATE OR STRICT AEROBE-GROW WITH O2MICROAEROPHILIC-LOW O2 LEVEL.STRICT ANAEROBE-ABSENCE OF O2.FACULTATIVE ANAEROBE-GROW IN PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF O2.

GROWTH PHASES.LAG PHASE.

LOG / EXPONENTIAL PHASE.

STATIONARY PHASE.

PHASE OF DECLINE.

GROWTH PHASES.

BACTERIAL REPRODUCTION.

IDENTIFICATION OF MICROORGANISM.

MICROSCOPY.

TYPES OF MICROSCOPE.LIGHT OR OPTICAL MICROSCOPE

BRIGHT FIELD MICROSCOPE.DARK FIELD MICROSCOPY.FLURESCENT MICROSCOPY.PHASE CONTRAST MICROSCOPY.

ELECTRON MICROSCOPE.

TYPESBRIGHT FIELD MICROSCOPY.

PHASE CONTRAST MICROSCOPE.

DARK FIELD MICOSCOPY

FLURESCENT MICROSCOPE.

STAINING METHODS.SIMPLE VITAL STAINING.SUPRAVITAL STAINING.

TYPES OF SIMPLE VITAL STAINING.SIMPLE STAINING.

BACKGROUND STAINING.

IMPREGNATION METHOD.

DIFFERENTIAL STAINING.

COMMON MICROSCOPIC METHODS.WET MOUNT.

HANGING DROP METHOD.

GRAM STAIN.

BACTERIAL CULTIVATION.

SEROLOGICAL TESTS.

SUMMARY.

CONCLUSION.