presentation on renewable energy

8/7/2019 Presentation on Renewable Energy

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Mother Earth -- Our Home

It has water, oxygen and a hospitable climate


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Renewable energy is energy which comes fromnatural resources such as sunlight, wind, rain,

tides, and geo-thermal heat, which arerenewabale (naturally replenished).

Sources of available renewable energy:

a) Hydro Power

b) Solar Energy

c) Wind Energy

d) Biomass Energy

e) Geothermal Energy


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Renewable power : Proposal for 2007-

2012


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Indian Commercial Energy


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Projected Energy Demands in India(In

Million Tonnes of Oil Equivalent)


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Electricity Demand Projections


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Hydro power:Hydropower (from hydro meaning water) is energy that comes fromthe force of moving water. The fall and movement of water is part of a

continuous natural cycle called the water cycle.

Energy from the sun evaporates water in the earths oceans and rivers

and draws it upward as water vapor. When the water vapor reaches

the cooler air in the atmosphere, it condenses and forms clouds. Themoisture eventually falls to the earth as rain or snow, replenishing the

water in the oceans and rivers. Gravity drives the water, moving it from

high ground to low ground. The force of moving water can be extremely

powerful.

Hydropower is called a renewable energy source because the water on

the earth is continuously replenished by precipitation. As long as thewater cycle continues, we wont run out of this energy source.


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The hydroelectric power refers to the energyproduced from water(rainfall flowing into rivers,etc.) Consequently, rainfall can be a goodindicator to investors looking for a location toimplement or build a new hydroelectric powerplant in India. India has a huge Hydro powerpotential, out of which around 20 % has beenrealized so far. New hydro projects are facing

serious resistance from environmentalists.Resettlement of the displaced people with theirlands becomes major issue.


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Classification of Hydro Power Plant

Classification Capacity

Micro Less than 100 kW

Mini 100 kW to 3 MW

Small 3MW to 15 MW

Micro and Mini Usually Isolated

Heads as low as 3m visible

Capital Cost ofRs 5-6 crores/MW, Rs 1.50 toRs 2.50/kWh


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Power generation in hydel power plant


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Wind Energy

Wind power is the conversion of wind energy

into a useful form of energy, such as

electricity, using wind turbines.

Humans have been using wind power for at

least 5,500 years to propel sailboats and

sailing ships, and architects have used wind-

driven natural ventilation in buildings sincesimilarly ancient times.


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A Wind Turbine


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Distribution of wind speed

Because so much power is generated by higher wind speed, much of the energy

comes in short bursts. Half of the energy available arrived in just 15% of the operating

time. The consequence is that wind energy from a particular turbine or wind farm

does not have as consistent an output as fuel-fired power plants.


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Key Features of Wind Power

Generation


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Cost of wind power plant


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Solar Power Technology

Solar Power


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Solar Thermal Power Plant

Producing electricity from the energy in the suns rays is a

straightforward process: direct solar radiation can be

concentrated and collected by a range of Concentrating Solar

Power (CSP) technologies to provide medium to high-

temperature heat. This heat is then used to operate a

conventional power cycle, for example through a steam turbine

or a Stirling engine. Solar heat collected during the day can also

be stored in liquid or solid media like molten salts, ceramics,

concrete or, in the future, phase-changing salt mixtures. At

night, it can be extracted from the storage medium and, thus,

continues turbine operation.


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Power Generation by Solar Energy


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Parabolic Trough


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Parabolic Trough power plant with hot and cold

tank thermal storage system and oil steam

generator.


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Central Receiver or Solar Tower


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Parabolic Dish


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Photovoltaics

Photovoltaics (PV) is a method of generatingelectrical power by converting solar radiation intodirect current electricity using semiconductorsthat exhibit the photovoltaic effect.

Photovoltaic power generation employs solarpanels comprising a number of cells containing aphotovoltaic material. Materials presently usedfor photovoltaics include monocrystalline silicon,

polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon,cadmium telluride, and copper indiumselenide/sulfide.


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Power Generation of a Photovoltaic

system


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Building Integrated Photovoltaics


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Key Features of Photovoltaics


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Biomass Energy


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Key Features of Biomass Energy

Higher Capacity factors than other

renewables.

Fuelwood, agricultural residues, animal waste.

Atmospheric gasification with dual fuel

engine.


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Key Features of Biogas


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Biomass Plant


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Geothermal Energy Geothermal energy originates from the Greek

roots geo, meaning earth, and thermos,meaning heat.

This geothermal energy originates from theoriginal formation of the planet, fromradioactive decay of minerals, from volcanic

activity and from solar energy absorbed at thesurface.


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Geothermal Power Plant


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The Earths Interior


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How its produced

Geothermal energy is generated in the earths core, almost 4,000

miles beneath the earths surface. The double-layered core is made

up of very hot magma (melted rock) surrounding a solid iron center.

Surrounding the outer core is the mantle, which is about 1,800 miles

thick and made of magma and rock. The outermost layer of the

earth, the land that forms the continents and ocean loors, is called

the crust. The crust is 35 miles thick under the oceans and 1535

miles thick on the continents.

We can dig wells and pump the heated, underground water to the

surface.


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Finding Geothermal Energy

Some visible features of geothermal energy arevolcanoes, hot springs, geysers, and fumaroles.

The only way to be sure there is a reservoir is to

drill a well and test the temperature deepunderground.

The most active geothermal resources areusually found along major plate boundarieswhere earthquakes and volcanoes are

concentrated. Most of the geothermal activity inthe world occurs in an area called the Ring of Fire.This area borders the Pacific Ocean.


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Power Production

In a dry steam power plant, the steam fromthe geothermal reservoir is piped directly froma well to a turbine generator to make

electricity. In a hot water plant, some of the hot water

is turned into steam. The steam powers a turbinegenerator just like a dry steam plant. When the

steam cools, it condenses to water and is injectedback into the ground to be used over and overagain.


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Comparison of Geothermal over other

forms of Energy


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Applications

Geothermal power is cost effective, reliable, sustainable, andenvironmentally friendly.

Recent technological advances have dramatically expanded therange and size of viable resources, especially for applications such

as home heating, opening a potential for widespread exploitation. Geothermal wells release greenhouse gases trapped deep within

the earth, but these emissions are much lower per energy unit thanthose of fossil fuels. As a result, geothermal power has thepotential to help mitigate global warming if widely deployed inplace of fossil fuels.

Forecasts for the future of geothermal power depend onassumptions about technology, energy prices, subsidies, andinterest rates.


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ConclusionConclusion

There is an urgent need for transition frompetroleum-based energy systems to one based onrenewable resources to decrease reliance ondepleting reserves of fossil fuels and to mitigate

climate change. In addition, renewable energy hasthe potential to create many employmentopportunities at all levels, especially in rural areas.An emphasis on presenting the real picture of

massive renewable energy potential, it would bepossible to attract foreign investments to herald aGreen Energy Revolution in India.

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