presentation on web server final

8/2/2019 Presentation on Web Server Final

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PRESENTED BY

AMIT PAL SINGH


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WEB SERVER DEFINITIONWeb server can refer to either the

hardware (the computer) or thesoftware (the computerapplication) that helps to deliver

content that can be accessedthrough the Internet.


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CLIENTS AND SERVERS

In general, all of the machines on the Internet can becategorized as two types: servers and clients. Thosemachines that provide services (like Web servers orFTP servers) to other machines are servers. And the

machines that are used to connect to those services areclients. When you connect to Yahoo! atwww.yahoo.com to read a page, Yahoo! is providing amachine for use on the Internet, to service your

request. Yahoo! is providing a SERVER. Your machine,on the other hand, is probably providing no services toanyone else on the Internet. Therefore, it is a usermachine, also known as a CLIENT.


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IP Addresses

Each machine on the Internet is assigned a uniqueaddress called an IP address. IP stands forInternet protocol, and these addresses are 32-bit

numbers normally expressed as four "octets" in a"dotted decimal number." A typical IP addresslooks like this: 216.27.61.137

The four numbers in an IP address are calledoctets because they can have values between 0and 255.


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Every machine on the Internet has a uniqueIP address. A server has a static IP addressthat does not change very often. A home

machine that is dialing up through a modemoften has an IP address that is assigned bythe ISPwhen the machine dials in. That IP

address is unique for that session -- it maybe different the next time the machine dialsin.


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DOMAIN NAMES

Most people have trouble remembering thestrings of numbers that make up IP addresses,and because IP addresses sometimes need tochange, all servers on the Internet also havehuman-readable names, called domainnames. For example,

www.howstuffworks.com is a permanent,human-readable name. It is easier for most ofus to rememberwww.howstuffworks.comthan it is to remember 209.116.69.66.


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PORTSAny server machine makes its services available

to the Internet using numbered ports, one foreach service that is available on the server. For

example, if a server machine is running a Webserver and an FTP server, theWeb serverwould typically be available on port 80, and

the FTP server would be available on port 21.Clients connect to a service at a specific IPaddress and on a specific port.


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HTTP PROTOCOL

The HTTP is used by web servers tocommunicate web pages to web browsers.

HTTP is used when your browser connects toa web server, requests a web page from theserver, and downloads the page.

It is the common standard that enables anybrowser to connect to any server, anywhere in

the world.


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DETAILED PROCESS

Suppose we type this URLhttp://www.howstuffworks.com/web-server.htm."

The browser broke the URL into three parts:

The protocol ("http")

The server name("www.howstuffworks.com")

The file name ("web-server.htm")


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The browser communicates with aname server to translate the servername "www.howstuffworks.com"

into an IP Address, which it uses toconnect to the server machine. Thebrowser then forms a connection to the

server at that IP address on port 80.


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Following the HTTP protocol, the browsersents a GET request to the server, asking forthe filehttp://www.howstuffworks.com/web-server.htm.

The server then sents the HTML text for theWeb page to the browser.

The browser read the HTML tags anddisplays the page onto your screen.


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LIST OF WEB SERVERS

Apache HTTP ServerThis is the most popular web server in

the world developed by the ApacheSoftware Foundation. Apache webserver is an open source software andcan be installed on almost alloperating systems including Linux,

Unix, Windows, FreeBSD, Mac OS Xand more. About 60% of the webserver machines run the Apache WebServer.


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INTERNET

INFORMATION SERVER

The Internet Information Server (IIS) is

a high performance Web Server fromMicrosoft. This web server runs onWindows NT/2000 and 2003 platforms.IIS comes bundled with WindowsNT/2000 and 2003; Because IIS istightly integrated with the operatingsystem so it is relatively easy toadminister it.


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LIGHTTPD

The lighttpd, pronouncedlighty is also a free web serverthat is distributed with the

FreeBSD operating system. Thisopen source web server is fast,secure and consumes much lessCPU power. Lighttpd can also

run on Windows, Mac OS X,Linux and Solaris operatingsystems.


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SUN JAVA SYSTEM WEB

SERVERThis web server from Sun Microsystems issuited for medium and large web sites.Though the server is free it is not open

source. It however, runs on Windows,Linux and Unix platforms. The Sun JavaSystem web server supports variouslanguages, scripts and technologiesrequired for Web 2.0 such as JSP, Java

Servlets, PHP, Perl, Python, Ruby onRails, ASP and Coldfusion etc.


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JIGSAW SERVER

Jigsaw (W3C's Server) comesfrom the World Wide Web

Consortium. It is open sourceand free and can run on variousplatforms like Linux, Unix,Windows, Mac OS X, Free BSD

etc. Jigsaw has been written inJava and can run CGI scripts andPHP programs.


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Product Vendor Web SitesHosted

Percent

Apache Apache 179,720,332 60.31%

IIS Microsoft 57,644,692 19.34%

nginx Igor Sysoev 22,806,060 7.65%

GWS Google 15,161,530 5.09%

lighttpd lighttpd 1,796,471 0.60%
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_HTTP_Serverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Software_Foundationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Information_Serviceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsofthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nginxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igor_Sysoevhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Web_Serverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Googlehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighttpdhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighttpdhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighttpdhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighttpdhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Googlehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Web_Serverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igor_Sysoevhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nginxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsofthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Information_Serviceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Software_Foundationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_HTTP_Server


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COMMON FEATURESVirtual hosting

Large file support

Bandwidth throttling

Server-side scripting


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VIRTUAL HOSTING

It is for hosting multiple web sites using a

single IP address.

This allows one machine to share its resources such as

Memory

Processor cycle

Use its resources more efficiently.


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LARGE FILE SUPPORT

Large file support to be ableto serve files whose size isgreater than 2 GB on 32 bitOS.


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BANDWIDTH THROTTLING

It is to limit the speed of responses in ordernot to saturate the network.

Its to be able to serve more clients.


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SERVER-SIDE SCRIPTING

Its running a script directly on the web server

to generate dynamic web pages.

It is usually used to provide interactive web

sites


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THANKYOU

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