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Getting the Most Out of Your Storage Network
Nick AllenVP and Research DirectorGartner Inc.
Storage DecisionsChicago, September 10th 2003
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Agenda
• How do you provide capacity on demand without overbuying storage?
• Is there an effective way to combine the strengths and cost advantages of Fibre Channel, SCSI and ATA disks in an integrated infrastructure?
• What are the pros and cons of mixing Fibre Channel and IP networks for storage?
• How do you leverage new technology without adding to management overhead?
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Agenda
• How do you provide capacity on demand without overbuying storage?
• Is there an effective way to combine the strengths and cost advantages of Fibre Channel, SCSI and ATA disks in an integrated infrastructure?
• What are the pros and cons of mixing Fibre Channel and IP networks for storage?
• How do you leverage new technology without adding to management overhead?
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Never purchase under time pressure
Use a dual-supplier policy wherever feasible
Don’t allow a vendor to bypass the technical staff
Align the deal time with the vendor’s timings and sales incentive programs
Don’t show enthusiasm
Always obtain line-item pricing
Lean toward purchase rather than standard lease if upgrades or extension are planned
Destroy the self-confidence of the sales representative
Competition
The Fundamentals of Negotiating
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Hardware %
Nonhardware %Nonhardware %
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
’01 ’02 ’03 ’04 ’05 ’06
Everything Is NegotiableHardware
• Initialacquisition
• Upgrades
Software• OTC discounts
• Blended bids
ProfessionalServices• SAN Design
• Data Migration
• Conversions
Maintenance• Warranty
• Discounts
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Emerging Costs
SAN Fabric
HBAs and path managment
Network
DR and BC
SAN management software
Access protection software
“Lock-in” effect
Virtualization & file systems
SRM Software
ILM Software
Mainframe Unix NT
FC
OutboardBackup Switches, Hubs
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Disk Subsystem Pricing
Month
Cost
01020304050
1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34
$/GB
36
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Residual Value vs. Technological Life
The annual price erosion will continue with at least 30-50 percent The cost are shifting into storage features and storage management. Current product cycles are 18 to 24 months Maintenance becomes prohibitively expensive after two cycles Products more than two cycles old are economically obsolete Upgrades are uneconomical after one cycle if the warranty
is not extended
Primary Life
Salvage Value
ResidualValue
End of Technological
Life
End ofPrimary
Useful Life
Time (in Months) 12 24 36 48
10
20%
End of freeMaintenance
SW HW
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Consolidated Disk Storage
SAN, NAS or High-End Enterprise Larger investment in procurement, but
Better use of “spare capacity,” flexible LUN sizes with dynamic reconfiguration
Improved availability, performance, security and disaster recovery
Ability to consolidate and automate backups, tape libraries
Multi-platform data transfer and new file systems
More efficient access, sharing and distribution of information throughout the enterprise
Lower storage management costs
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When to Acquire? Big Steps or Small?What to consider
• Price erosion
• Vendor upgrade granularity
• Software band’s granularity
• Operation disruptions
• Faster utilization of spare capacity
• RFP overhead
• Contract administration overhead
1 2 3 40
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Years
TB
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How scalable is scalable?
Issues
Limited warranties
High maintenance costs
Deflationary H/W market
Growing software costs
Strategies
36-month service life and
warranty
Line-item, forward-priced
upgrades; not-to-exceed
Buy within first 12-18
months
Rigorous TCO analysis
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New Financing Models
Standard lease• Subsystem storage costs are spread equally
over the lifecycle of the lease (flat rate).
• Match situation when storage requirements are not growing or grows by new lease or purchase of additional subsystems
Pay per forecast • This model is designed for users with constant,
continuous and predictable growth rates.
• Instead of paying flat leasing rates up front, the monthly lease payments are made according to the usesage forecast
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New Financing Models (cont’d)
Capacity on demand or pay per use — This “utility” model is best suited for users with unpredictable storage demands.
Emerging metering metering applications extract usage data at regular intervals from the customer’s storage devices. Usage data is averaged and the customer receives a monthly bill based on average usage.
Capacity-on-demand considerations• Speed of activation• Dynamic activation?• Coverage of temporary peak demands.
• Challenges to overcome
• Variable cost vs. static budget
• Tracking peaks
• Measurement rationale
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Storage Management Costs
Up to 1– 4 ratio between cost of capacity and cost of storage management (most of costs are labor costs)
Required manpower to manage• Distributed storage: 500GB/manager
• Central location but not consolidated: 600GB/mgr. to 800GB/mgr.
• Multiplatform consolidated storage: 2,000GB/mgr. to 4,000GB/mgr.
Future • Increase in personal costs
• Data capacity explosion
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Agenda
• How do you provide capacity on demand without overbuying storage?
• Is there an effective way to combine the strengths and cost advantages of Fibre Channel, SCSI and ATA disks in an integrated infrastructure?
• What are the pros and cons of mixing Fibre Channel and IP networks for storage?
• How do you leverage new technology without adding to management overhead?
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ATA Penetration for Multi-User Applications
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Total FibreChannel
Total SCSI
MultiuserATA
K Units
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ATA vs. SCSI Disk Performance
ATA SCSI SCSI/ATA ATA/SCSITest/Spec RPM 7,200 15,000 208% 48%
Cache on Drive (MB) 8 8 100% 100%HDTach Sequential Read (Average MB/sec.) 45.5 64.7 142% 70%HDTach Sequential Write (Average MB/sec.) 27.7 42.6 154% 65%HDTach Random Access Time (ms) 13 5.7 44% 228%IOMeter Desktop I/Os per Second 150 360 240% 42%IOMeter Desktop Average Response Time (ms) 424 177 42% 240%IOMeter Web Server I/Os per Second 143 408 285% 35%IOMeter Web Server Average Response Time
(sec.)6.18 2.508 41% 246%
MTBF (Thousands of Hours) 600 1,200 200% 50%Duty Cycle (Hours per Day) 8 24 300% 33%
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ATA Disk as a Cache Buffer
SynchronousMirroring
AsynchronousMirroring orReplication
SnapshotData Protection
Backup
Archiving
RestoreTime
Slow
Fast
Costper GB
Low
High
Retention
Long
Short
High
High
DataDensity
High
Low
PrimarySCSIDisk
Tape
ATA Disk
Reliability
Hosted byDTD & DTDTFunction Category Company Product Comments
Low-Cost Disk NetApp NearStore FASEMC CLARiiON DiskStorageTek BladeStore DiskSnap Appliance SnapServer NASBlueArc MTS NAS
Emulates Tape Library Complete Solution Nexsan InfiniSAN DTDQuantum DX30System Upgrade Aurora VTC Ultera VTCDynamic Network Factory VTS Ultera VTCAsaca FireflyInterkom EVTS
Controller Only Ultera Mirage VTCBus-Tech MAS ESCON OnlyTape Labs VTS
Software Only Alacritus SecuritusDiligent VTF MF Mainframe OnlyEMC CopyCross Mainframe Only
Disk to Disk to Tape Software Only IBM TSMVeritas NetbackupCA BrightstoreLegato Networker
Virtual Tape Complete Solution IBM VTSNeartek VTLMStorageTek VSM Mainframe OnlyFujitsu Siemens CentricStor
Software Only CA Vtape Mainframe OnlyBackup Appliance Avamar Axion Network Based
DataDomain Restorer Compression
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Agenda
• How do you provide capacity on demand without overbuying storage?
• Is there an effective way to combine the strengths and cost advantages of Fibre Channel, SCSI and ATA disks in an integrated infrastructure?
• What are the pros and cons of mixing Fibre Channel and IP networks for storage?
• How do you leverage new technology without adding to management overhead?
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Storage Network InfrastructureThe Fibre Channel SAN component market
continues to consolidate dramatically; will new switch vendors finally reverse the trend?
iSCSI tentatively explores a complementary market and waits for the “10 Gbps” performance kick
Native InfiniBand storage is generally off the map for storage networking
Vendors of competing technologies (falsely) blame economic factors for slow market progress
The 10-Gbps convergence will likely be a no-show
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Ask the server providers, not the storage systemOEM customers
Increasing SAN awareness on part of servers
Switching support of 4-Gbps connections for servers
10-Gbps connections for storage systems
Existing standards-based backward compatibility
Favorable incremental costs of connecting a server to a SAN
Technology upgrade without price premium
Implementation in low-cost copper
Better match to available buses in 2004
Why 4-Gbps FC Infrastructure?
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IP versus Fibre Channel Scenarios
The market for iSCSI and IP block storage
will evolve as a complement to FC in the
market where lower cost and enhanced
connectivity is paramount (0.7 probability)
Competition for next-generation SAN
infrastructure will play out on a level playing
field with a common 10-Gbps physical layer
for both Ethernet and Fibre Channel (0.3
probability)
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SAN FC Switch Magic Quadrant
BrocadeMcDATA
CNT/INRANGE
QLogic
Cisco
VisionariesNiche Players
Challengers Leaders
As of April 2003
Abilityto
Execute
Completeness of Vision
Emerging Players
• Sanera
• Sandial
• Maranti
• Maxxan
• Others?
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17% 17% 17% 17% 17% 17%
1 2 3 4 5 6
1. Yes
2. No
3. Maybe
4. Unknown
5. Already did it
6. Already a mixed shop
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Would you be willing to change your Fibre Channel Switch vendor?
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Probability of occurring by year-end:Event 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Meaningful, approved and open industry standards for iSCSI .6 .8 .9 1.0 1.0 1.0
Proven, affordable TOE cards .5 .7 .8 .9 1.0 1.0available with IPSec
Widespread availability of low-cost .5 .7 .9 1.0 1.0Gigabit Ethernet
Widespread driver support for iSCSI .5 .7 .9 1.0
Widespread availability of storage .5 .7 .9 1.0subsystems supporting iSCSI
Widespread availability of fully tested, .5 .8 .9interoperable, certifiable homogeneous iSCSInetworks and storage systems
Same as above – heterogeneous environments .5 .7 .8
Larger Ethernet packets (nice to have) .6
iSCSI Progress
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Number of SAN-Attached Servers
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
1,600,000
1,800,000
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Fibre ChanneliSCSI
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Fibre Channel SAN Island
Fibre Channel SAN Island
SAN Extenders
SAN Extenders
ATM/IP/DWDM/SONET
Fibre Channel Link and SAN Extension
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Gateway/Router
Storage SystemsHosts With iSCSI Cards
EthernetFibre
Channel
iSCSI Gateways Between IP and FC
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Agenda
• How do you provide capacity on demand without overbuying storage?
• Is there an effective way to combine the strengths and cost advantages of Fibre Channel, SCSI and ATA disks in an integrated infrastructure?
• What are the pros and cons of mixing Fibre Channel and IP networks for storage?
• How do you leverage new technology without adding to management overhead?
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Content Addressable Storage
Replication
Distributed HSM
SRM
SAN Management
Backup
Provisioning
Metro Area SANs
TOEs
iSCSI
Wide-Area SANs
Tape Cartridge
Automation
Clustered File Systems
SANs Based on
Fibre Channel
Mainframe Virtual Tape
HolographyPolymer StorageMRAM
Blu-ray Disc
AOD
File Virtualization
ASAM
Technology Trigger
Peak of Inflated Expectations
Trough of Disillusionment
Slope of Enlightenment
Plateau of Productivity
Maturity
Visibility
Virtual Tape
Block VirtualizationSATA
As of May 2003
Storage Hype Cycle
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Direct-AttachedStorage(DAS)
NetworkedStorage
1980s 1990s 2000-2005 2006-2010
• Storage is a peripheral to the server
• Much manual administration
• Poor asset utilization
• External high availability, fault-tolerant storage
• Some sharing, but mostly DAS
• Much manual administration
• Poor asset utilization
• More productive storage administration
• Storage networks, pools, virtualization, event consoles, some automated provisioning
• Separately managed processes, services, devices and media
• Autonomic active management
• Policy-based management• Full-scope automated
provisioning• Effective root-cause
analysis • Self-healing storage
services• Service views via auto
discovery• Storage asset optimization
The AutomatedStorageUtility
InternalServerStorage
Real Time Storage Infrastructure
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Challengers Leaders
Niche Players Visionaries
As of April 2003
.EMC
.HP
.Veritas
.IBM .Fujitsu .Storability.CA
.InterSAN.McData .Creekpath
.SUN
SAN Management Magic Quadrant
Completeness of Vision
Ability toExecute
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Initial Storage Provisioning Magic Quadrant
Niche Players Visionaries
As of April 2003
Abilityto
Execute
Completeness of Vision
.Hewlett-Packard
.Veritas.InterSAN
.EMC
.CreekPath Systems
Challengers Leaders
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SRM Magic QuadrantChallengers Leaders
Niche Players VisionariesAs of May 2003
Ability to
Execute
Completeness of Vision
IBM.Precise.
CA..HP.
EMC/Astrum
TeraCloud. .. .Sun.Tek-Tools.
..Veritas.
EMC
Northern Parklife
StorabilityFujitsu Softek
CreekPath
Key:CA Computer Associates
InternationalHP Hewlett-PackardPrecise Precise SoftwareSun Sun MicrosystemsVeritas Veritas Software
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Storage Management WarsStorageManagement Revenue
$1billion
$500million
$10 million
$200 million
“Cloud cover”turbulence
zone
IBM
VeritasEMC
CA
HP
Legato
Sun
CommVault
Bakbone StorabilityMcDATA
CreekPathInterSANAstrum
Teracloud
Fujitsu Softek
ArkivioDeepFile
FilesX
AppIQ
Northern Parklife
Princeton Softech
OuterBay
Tek-Tools
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RecommendationsBuy storage, not visions
Negotiate everything and get creative
Deploy ATA-based systems carefully
Plan for Fibre Channel to remain the dominant high-performance technology for SANs from 2 to 10 Gbps
Choose FC link extenders and SAN extenderswith careful consideration of requirements
Plan for IP storage technology to provide lower-costand extended-connectivity solutions
Continue to view all SAN management and ASAM purchases as tactical