presented to: by: date: federal aviation administration north florida flight standards district...
TRANSCRIPT
Presented to:
By:
Date:
Federal AviationAdministration
North Florida Flight Standards District Office
MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION
CFI Workshop
Larry Enlow
May 3, 2008
Federal AviationAdministration
2Flight Instructor Special Emphasis Program
May 3, 2008
MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTIONMULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION
ENGINE INOPERATIVE PRINCIPLES
DIRECTIONAL CONTROL
CLIMB PERFORMANCE
Federal AviationAdministration
3Flight Instructor Special Emphasis Program
May 3, 2008
MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTIONMULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION
REVIEW OF ACCIDENTS INVOLVING:
DIRECTIONAL CONTROL
CLIMB PERFORMANCE
INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES
Federal AviationAdministration
4Flight Instructor Special Emphasis Program
May 3, 2008
Federal AviationAdministration
5Flight Instructor Special Emphasis Program
May 3, 2008
MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTIONMULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION
Federal AviationAdministration
6Flight Instructor Special Emphasis Program
May 3, 2008
Federal AviationAdministration
7Flight Instructor Special Emphasis Program
May 3, 2008
Federal AviationAdministration
8Flight Instructor Special Emphasis Program
May 3, 2008
MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTIONMULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION
DIRECTIONAL CONTROL
AIRCRAFT MUST BE FLOWN AT OR ABOVE MINIMUM CONTROL AIRSPEED (Vmc)
TO MAINTAIN DIRECTIONAL CONTROL
Federal AviationAdministration
9Flight Instructor Special Emphasis Program
May 3, 2008
MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTIONMULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION
MINIMUM CONTROL AIRSPEED (Vmc)
MAXIMUM TAKEOFF POWER MOST UNFAVORABLE WEIGHT & CG POSITION FLAPS TAKEOFF POSITION LANDING GEAR RETRACTED AIRPLANE TRIMMED FOR TAKEOFF COWL FLAPS TAKEOFF POSITION INOPERATIVE ENGINE WINDMILLING BANK INTO OPERATING ENGINE (maximum 5 º for certification) STANDARD ATMOSPHERE
Federal AviationAdministration
10Flight Instructor Special Emphasis Program
May 3, 2008
MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTIONMULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION
MINIMUM CONTROL AIRSPEED (Vmc)
MAXIMUM TAKEOFF POWER MOST UNFAVORABLE WEIGHT & CG POSITION FLAPS TAKEOFF POSITION LANDING GEAR RETRACTED AIRPLANE TRIMMED FOR TAKEOFF COWL FLAPS TAKEOFF POSITION INOPERATIVE ENGINE WINDMILLING BANK INTO OPERATING ENGINEBANK INTO OPERATING ENGINE STANDARD ATMOSPHERE
Federal AviationAdministration
11Flight Instructor Special Emphasis Program
May 3, 2008
MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTIONMULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION
HOW BANK AFFECTS Vmc
HORIZONTAL COMPONENT OF LIFT COMPONENT OF WEIGHT 3 KNOTS PER DEGREE OF BANK
Vmc BASED ON 5 º BANK INTO OPERATING ENG. BANK GREATER THAN 5 º LOWERS Vmc BANK LESS THAN 5 º INCREASES Vmc ZERO BANK INCREASES Vmc 15 KTS. BANK INTO INOP. ENG. Could increase Vmc by 20 KTS.
Federal AviationAdministration
12Flight Instructor Special Emphasis Program
May 3, 2008
Federal AviationAdministration
13Flight Instructor Special Emphasis Program
May 3, 2008
Federal AviationAdministration
14Flight Instructor Special Emphasis Program
May 3, 2008
Federal AviationAdministration
15Flight Instructor Special Emphasis Program
May 3, 2008
MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTIONMULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION
FAA STANDARD SIMULATED ENGINE FAILURE PROCEDURES
TAKEOFF ROLL: MAX. 50 % Vmc w / MIXTURE ABOVE 50 % Vmc: NO CUTS UNTIL 500’ AGL ENG. CUTS FROM 500’ TO BELOW 3,000’ AGL w /
THROTTLE ONLY ENG. CUTS 3,000’ AGL & ABOVE w / THROTTLE OR
MIXTURE SIMULATED ENGINE FAILURE PERFORMED BY TURNING
OFF A FUEL SELECTOR IS NOT RECOMMENDED
Federal AviationAdministration
16Flight Instructor Special Emphasis Program
May 3, 2008
MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTIONMULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION
CLIMB PERFORMANCE
MAX POWER ON OPERATING ENGINE
GEAR UP
FLAPS UP
INOP. ENGINE PROP FEATHERED
ZERO SIDESLIP
Vyse
Federal AviationAdministration
17Flight Instructor Special Emphasis Program
May 3, 2008
MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTIONMULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION
FACTORS AFFECTING ZERO SIDESLIP
CORRECT ANGLE OF BANK
CORRECT APPLICATION OF RUDDER
YAW STRING REQUIRED FOR TRAINING
Federal AviationAdministration
18Flight Instructor Special Emphasis Program
May 3, 2008
MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTIONMULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION
FACTORS AFFECTING Vyse
SEA LEVEL (29.92 HG)
15 º C
MAXIMUM GROSS WEIGHT
INCREASE IN DENSITY ALTITUDE DECREASES Vyse
DECREASE IN WEIGHT DECREASES Vyse
Federal AviationAdministration
19Flight Instructor Special Emphasis Program
May 3, 2008
MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTIONMULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION
PUBLISHED Vyse (BLUE LINE) IS ONLY ACCURATE AT STANDARD SEA LEVEL ATMOSPHERE AND MAXIMUM GROSS WEIGHT
ACTUAL Vyse IS VARIABLE BASED UPON DENSITY ALTITUDE AND AIRCRAFT WEIGHT
Federal AviationAdministration
20Flight Instructor Special Emphasis Program
May 3, 2008
MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTIONMULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION
Federal AviationAdministration
21Flight Instructor Special Emphasis Program
May 3, 2008
MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTIONMULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION
Federal AviationAdministration
22Flight Instructor Special Emphasis Program
May 3, 2008
MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTIONMULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION
Federal AviationAdministration
23Flight Instructor Special Emphasis Program
May 3, 2008
MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTIONMULTIENGINE INSTRUCTIONInstructional Considerations
• Vmc demonstration• Vyse demonstration• Simulated engine failure techniques• Inoperative engine instrument indications:
Manifold pressureRPM
• Precautionary shutdown and feather• “Published” zero thrust• “Critical” engine• Drag demonstration (windmilling propeller)• Engine inoperative landing • Two engine inoperative glide
Federal AviationAdministration
24Flight Instructor Special Emphasis Program
May 3, 2008
Federal AviationAdministration
25Flight Instructor Special Emphasis Program
May 3, 2008
Federal AviationAdministration
26Flight Instructor Special Emphasis Program
May 3, 2008
Federal AviationAdministration
27Flight Instructor Special Emphasis Program
May 3, 2008
MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTIONMULTIENGINE INSTRUCTIONInstructional Considerations
• Vmc demonstration• Vyse demonstration• Simulated engine failure techniques• Inoperative engine instrument indications:
Manifold pressureRPM
• Precautionary shutdown and feather• “Published” zero thrust• “Critical” engine• Drag demonstration (windmilling propeller)• Engine inoperative landing • Two engine inoperative glide• Rejected landings and go-arounds
Federal AviationAdministration
28Flight Instructor Special Emphasis Program
May 3, 2008
Federal AviationAdministration
29Flight Instructor Special Emphasis Program
May 3, 2008
MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTIONMULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION
Multiengine instruction requires in-depth correlative knowledge of engine inoperative principles
Apply this knowledge utilizing safe multiengine aircraft engine inoperative instructional procedures and techniques