presenter:- ayodeji ogunleye collaborators: havestplus...
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Presenter:- Ayodeji Ogunleye
Collaborators: HavestPlus Washington DC, IITA, and OAU, Nigeria.
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Biofortification of commonly consumed staples isan urgently needed intervention to overcomeVitamin A deficiency (VAD) in Nigeria.
HarvestPlus Nigeria has intensified efforts toattract more private sector investments intovitamin A cassava value chain since 2015.
One of the barriers to the uptake of this newtechnology by the private sector is lack ofempirical knowledge about return on investment
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Broadly: To attract more private sectorinvestment in Vitamin A cassava value chain.
Specifically:- Examine the integration ofbiofortified vitamin A cassava among investorsand level of investments in cassava value chain.
Analyze net profit by each sub-sector and bylevel of investment.
Compare the profitability of vitamin A yellowcassava products with white cassava.
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•Stem & Tubers
•Processors
•Value Addition
•Marketers
Survey questionnaire:
• Processors
• Value AdditionVisual observation:
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54%
30%
8%
2%3% 1%
2%
Stem/tuber producers
Gari processors
Fufu processors
HQCF processors
Caterers (Confectioneries)
Restaurant operators
Point of Sale (POS) operators
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55%
41%33%
27%
45%
59%67%
73%
Micro Small Medium Large
White cassava Vitamin A cassava
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A. Fixed cost item Micro Small Medium Large
Building/Trading Space 5.2±9.5 14.4±15.8 52.6±77.4 198.0±170.6
Machinery/Equipment 3.2±10.5 6.0±14.1 104.1±183.6 405.8±242.6
Total Fixed Cost* 6.7±14.2 17.1±23.6 148.0±222.1 603.7±356.3
B. Variable cost item
Raw material 23±19 61±72 178±278 1110±650
Other costs 37±15 71±32 543±230 2635±1007
Total Variable Cost 58±45 132±94 721±379 3745±2966
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85% 88%
98% 100%
15%11%
2% 0%
Micro Small Medium Large
Cash Revenue Non-Cash Revenue
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30%
79%
52%
142%
59%
190%
59%
161%
GPM ROI
Micro Small Medium Large
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33%
90%
46%
120%
55%
143%
47%
130%
52%
181%
35%
159%
33%
56%
GPM ROI
Stem/tuber producers (n = 41) - 12 months Gari processors (n = 44) - 3 months
Fufu processors (n = 19) - 3 months HQCF processors (n = 3) - 3 months
Caterers (Confectioneries) (n = 7) - 3 months Restaurant operators (n = 8) - 3 months
Point of Sale (POS) operators (n = 8) - 3 months
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White cassava Vitamin A cassava
Source of
evidence
Literature HarvestPlus/OAU 2015 survey
No. of studies
(obs.)*
15 (a=10, b=8) 130 (a=41, b=73)
No. of states
(All)
11 3
Mean White Range Mean Vitamin A RangeDiff in means
a: Stem/tuber
production
60.93% 42.5% -
76.0%
33.10% -135.2% -
82.5% -27.83%
b: Cassava
processing
43.84% 20.9% -
85.7%
52.49% -63.08% -
80.4% 5.25%
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Investment in biofortified cassava VC isprofitable and the profit level increases with scaleof investment.
There is high level of integration of biofortifiedcassava among investors because the profit level is9% higher than white cassava.
The most profitable (GRM) business are fufu(56%), HQCF (55%) and gari (53%), while the leastare stem/tuber (30%) and POS (33%).
Inefficiency level Is highest (31%) within the Stemand tuber businesses and 94% of all inefficientfirms are micro and small scale businesses.
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Training and re-training of farmers and processorswho are operating inefficiently to maintain high drymatter content.
Improve supply-side of the market in order toboost the business opportunity on the supply-sideof the vitamin A cassava market in Nigeria.
For sustainability, stem and tuber production moreneed investors via incentives, access to loan,simplify loan procedures, etc.