8/9/2019 Prevalence of Various Types of Cancers in Industrial Population

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Prevalence of Various Types of Cancers in IndustrialPopulation

 ABDUL MATIN QAISAR1, ZULIFQAR ALI SOOMRO2, ZAHID AKHTAR3 1Social Security Hospital, Multan Road Lahore, 2-------------------------,

3Department of Prosthetic, Baqai Dental University, Karachi

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Cancer is not just one disease, but a huge group of almost100 diseases. Its two main characteristics are uncontrolled enlargement ofthe cells in the human body and the ability of these cells to travels fromthe original site and spread to distant sites. If the spread is not controlled,cancer can result in death.

Objective: Identification of different types of cancers in industrial workerswho are exposed to industrial chemicals and carcinogens.

Patients and Methods: One hundred confirmed cases of cancer wereincluded. This study was conducted at Social Security Hospital, MultanRoad Lahore and Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, TheUniversity of Lahore from January 2011 June 2011. The patients wereadmitted in cancer ward and belong to industrial workers. The patientsaged from 20-60 and both male and females were included. The biopsiesof cancerous tissue or piece of suspected growth were received after asurgical procedure. The size of various samples ranged from 10-25 cm in

size and kept in 10% formalin for 2 hours for fixation.

Results: There were 65 males and 35 females with male to female ratiowas 1.8:1. Age range of these patients was 17 to 65 years with mean age41.0±11.7 years. Among lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma was morethan Hodgkin lymphoma (out of 19 patients, 13 had non-Hodgkin and 6had Hodgkin lymphoma). Out of 14 patients of sarcomas, 5 had Ewingsarcoma, 4 had chondrosarcoma, 3 had fibrosarcoma and 2 hadliposarcoma. 

Conclusion: The contributing factors such as genetic causes, viral

infections (hepatitis B, C and AIDS), smoking, drug addiction,environmental pollution and low level of awareness also play important inetiology of cancer.

Key Words: Prevalence, Cancer, Industrial population, Types

INTRODUCTION

8/9/2019 Prevalence of Various Types of Cancers in Industrial Population

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8/9/2019 Prevalence of Various Types of Cancers in Industrial Population

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biochemical tests, radiographs, ultrasound tests, magnetic resonanceimaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT) scans, biopsies of suspectedcancer tissues and their histopathological studies. Samples were received

after a surgical procedure. These were either biopsy of cancerous tissueor piece of suspected growth. The size of various samples ranged from10-25 cm in size and kept in 10% formalin for 2 hours for fixation.

RESULTS

Out of 100 cases, there were 65 males (65%) and 35 females(35%) with male to female ratio was 1.8:1. Age range of these patientswas 17 to 65 years [mean age 41.0±11.7 years] (Table 1). Prevalence ofcancers among 100 industrialized patients, 21 had Ca lung, 19 hadlymphoma, 14 had sarcoma, 13 had Ca breast, 6 had Ca prostate, 4 had

Ca liver, 3 patients each in Ca colon, Ca ovary and 3 Ca testis, 2 patientseach in leukemia, multiple myeloma, Ca gallbladder and Ca stomach, 1patient each in Ca esophagus, Ca tongue, Ca parotid, Ca rectum, Cacervix and 1 had Ca larynx respectively. Among lymphoma, non-Hodgkinlymphoma was more than Hodgkin lymphoma (out of 19 patients, 13 hadnon-Hodgkin and 6 had Hodgkin lymphoma). Out of 14 patients ofsarcomas, 5 had Ewing sarcoma, 4 had chondrosarcoma, 3 hadfibrosarcoma and 2 had liposarcoma (Table 2).Table 1: Frequency & percentage of genders and ages (n=100)

Table 2: Prevalence of various cancer in industrial population (n=100)

Variable No. %

Gender Male 65 65.0

Female 35 35.0

Age (years)

17 – 35 29 29.0

36 – 50 48 48.0

51 – 65 23 23.0

Type of cancer No. %

Ca Lung 21 21.0

Lymphoma 19 19.0

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DISCUSSION

The workers working in different industries are exposed to variouschemicals at their work place. Most of these chemicals substances act ascarcinogens and contribute to etiology of cancer in factor workers. Theseworkers need special preventive measures t their work pace to avoid orminimize this exposure to carcinogens. But such measures are notobserved up to recommended standards in developing countries. Thisresults in increase incidence of different types of cancers in industrialworkers.

CONCLUSION

There is a need to generate a more attractive basic researchenvironment, supported by high quality education, suitable research

Sarcoma 14 14.0

Ca Breast 13 13.0

Ca Prostate 6 6.0

Ca Liver/gallbladder 6 6.0

Ca Ovary 3 3.0

Ca Testis 3 3.0

Ca Colon 3 3.0

Ca Stomach 2 2.0

Multiple myeloma 2 2.0

Leukemia 2 2.0

Ca Parotid 1 1.0

Ca Larynx 1 1.0

Ca Esophagus 1 1.0

Ca Rectum 1 1.0

Ca Cervix 1 1.0

Ca Tongue 1 1.0

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funding, research infrastructure, and science-innovation links, where topquality researchers can be recognized. Industry also needs high-qualityresearch including implementation of the knowledge generated through

basic research, as a basis for competitiveness.

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