previous year question on leptospirosis based on neet pg, usmle, plab and fmge or mci screening...

Which among the following is the culture media of leptospirosis?

A: KorthofB: Perkin

C: TisdaleD: Baker'sCorrect Ans:AExplanation

Leptospira can be grown in media enriched with rabbit serum. Several liquid and semisolid media such as Korthof, Stuart’s and Fletcher’s media have been described. Leptospires grow best under aerobic conditions at 28–30°C in semisolid medium (EMJH, others) in 10 mL test tubes with 0.1% agar and 5-fluorouracil. After 1–2 weeks, the leptospires produce a diffuse zone of growth near the top of the tube and later a ring of growth at a level in the tube corresponding to the level of the optimal oxygen tension for the organisms.

Ref: Ray C.G., Ryan K.J. (2010). Chapter 37. Spirochetes. In C.G. Ray, K.J. Ryan (Eds), Sherris Medical Microbiology, 5e.

Sample Previous Year Question of Microbiology (Leptospirosis) based on previous Year Questions of NEET PG, USMLE,PLAB,FMGE (MCI Screening). Please visit www.medicoapps.org for more such Quizzes

Which among the following is the culture media of leptospirosis?

A: KorthofB: Perkin

C: TisdaleD: Baker'sCorrect Ans:AExplanation

Leptospira can be grown in media enriched with rabbit serum. Several liquid and semisolid media such as Korthof, Stuart’s and Fletcher’s media have been described. Leptospires grow best under aerobic conditions at 28–30°C in

semisolid medium (EMJH, others) in 10 mL test tubes with 0.1% agar and 5-fluorouracil. After 1–2 weeks, the leptospires produce a diffuse zone of growth near the top of the tube and later a ring of growth at a level in the tube corresponding to the level of the optimal oxygen tension for the organisms.

Ref: Ray C.G., Ryan K.J. (2010). Chapter 37. Spirochetes. In C.G. Ray, K.J. Ryan (Eds), Sherris Medical Microbiology, 5e.


Which of the following bacterial disease is associated with the 3 "Rs" i.e., rats, ricefields, and rainfall?

A: PlagueB: MelioidosisC: LeptospirosisD: Rodent-bite feverCorrect Ans:CExplanationLeptospirosis is the bacterial disease that has been associated with the 3 "Rs" i.e., rats, ricefields, and rainfall. Leptospira infects various animals including rats and other rodents, domestic livestock, and household pets. Animals excrete leptospiras in urine, which contaminates water and soil. Swimming in contaminated water or consuming contaminated food or drink results in human infection. Leptospira are tightly coiled, thin, motile, flexible spirochetes with very fine spirals, one end is often bent forming a hook. Human infection usually results from the entry of organism through breaks in the skin and mucus membranes. Ref: Jawetz, Melnick and Adelberg's Medical Microbiology, 25th Edition, Chapter 24; Review of Medical Microbiology and Immunology By Warren Levinson, 11th Edition, Chapter 24


Which of the following is not TRUE about transmission?

A: Legionella may be transmitted through water aerosolsB: Listeria may be transmitted through refrigerated foodC: Leptospirosis may be transmitted through water contaminated with rat urineD: Tetanus may be transmitted through dust and droplets

Correct Ans:DExplanation

Tetanus never spreads through droplet infection. It usually spreads to local contact of spores with the wound.

Ref: Parija Subhash Chandra (2009), Chapter 29, “Clostridium”, In the book “Textbook of Microbiology and Immunology”, Elsevier Publications, India, Page 247


All of the following statements about Leptospirosis are true, except:

A: Infection acquired by direct contact with infected urineB: Mortality is 5-15% in severe cases

C: Antibodies are usually detectable in the first weekD: IV penicillin is recommended for treatment of severe casesCorrect Ans:CExplanation

Antibodies are usually detectable from 12th day of disease and peaks level is seen by the 3rd week. Low titres will be present for years.

Ref: Kliegman, Behrman, Jenson, Stanton (2008), “Nelson textbook of Pediatrics”, Chapter 217, “Leptospira”, Volume 1, Page 1272; Textbook of Microbiology by Ananthnarayan, 7th Edition, 92; Park’s Social and Preventive Medicine , 20th Edition, Page 7255; Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17th Edition, Pages 1050-51


Which of the following infectious disease is transmitted through Rat?

A: LeptospirosisB: Measles

C: TetanusD: InfluenzaCorrect Ans:AExplanation

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease. Human to human transmission does not occur. The most important sources of transmission of infection to humans are rats, dogs, cattle, and pigs.

Leptospira:

They are tightly and regularly coiled with characteristic hooked ends.

It is highly motile. The clinical hallmarks of this disease as an acute process IS

characterized by splenomegaly, jaundice, and nephritis. Weil's disease is characterized by variable combinations of

jaundice, acute kidney injury, hypotension, and hemorrhage.

Ref: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th Edition, Chapter 171


Which among the following is NOT used in leptospirosis?

A: Microscopic agglutination testB: Dark field illuminationC: Macroscopic agglutination testD: Weil felix reaction

Correct Ans:DExplanation

Weil felix reaction


Tetracycline is used in prophylaxis of which of the following diseases?

A: CholeraB: BrucellosisC: LeptospirosisD: Meningitis

Correct Ans:AExplanation

Tetracycline is the drug of choice for chemoprophylaxis of cholera.

Ref: Preventive and Social Medicine, by K.Park, 19th edition, Page 106, 193, 194, 141, 142; Harrison’s Internal Medicine, 16th edition, Page 917, 991.


Which of the following statements about Leptospirosis is true?

A: Rats are prime reservoirsB: Fluoroquinolones are the drug of choiceC: Person to person Transmission is commonD: Hepatorenal syndrome may occur in upto 50% of patientsCorrect Ans:AExplanation

Rats and small rodents, particularly R.norvegicus and Mus musculus are the most important reservoirs.

Ref: Preventive and Social Medicine, by K.Park, 19th edition, Page 243, 244; Harrison’s Principle of Internal Medicine, 16th edition, Page 990.


Drug of choice for treatment of leptospirosis is:

A: PenicillinB: AmpicillinC: TetracyclineD: DoxycyclineCorrect Ans:AExplanation

Penicillin is the drug of choice for treatment of leptospirosis. Other drugs used are tetracycline and doxycycline.

Ref: Park 21st edition, page 267.


What is the recommended drug for treatment of leptospirosis?

A: PenicillinB: TetracyclineC: AzithromycinD: ErythromycinCorrect Ans:AExplanation

Penicillin is the drug of choice for treatment of leptospirosis. Tetracycline or doxycycline may also be used.



Montenegro test is used for diagnosis of:

A: Kala azarB: Leprosy

C: MalariaD: LeptospirosisCorrect Ans:AExplanation

Montenegro or Leishmanin test is a skin test used for diagnosis of kala azar. Intradermal injection of 0.1 ml leishmanin antigen is given on flexor surface of forearm. The skin is examined for for induration after 48 to 72 hours. A reading of >5 mm is considered positive for kala azar.



Which of the following organism can cause acalculous cholecystitis?

A: LeptospirosisB: MalariaC: StaphylococcusD: Nocardiosis

Correct Ans:AExplanation

Precipitating factors for acalculous cholecystitis are vasculitis, obstructing adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder, diabetes mellitus, torsion of the gallbladder, "unusual" bacterial infections of the gallbladder (e.g., Leptospira, Streptococcus, Salmonella, or Vibrio cholerae).

Reference: Harrisons Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th Edition, Page 2621


previous year question on leptospirosis based on neet pg, usmle, plab and fmge or mci screening...

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