primary 5 cycles: water
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Water Water
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Our Blue PlanetOur Blue Planet
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Introduction Introduction
• Covers three-quarters of the earth surface
• All living things need water to survive.
• Water exists in three different states:- Solid- Liquid- Gaseous
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Water in Solid State Water in Solid State
ice snow hail
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Water in the Liquid StateWater in the Liquid State
• Most of the Earth’s water is sea water.
raindrops
dew clouds
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Water in Gaseous StateWater in Gaseous State
Water vapour Steam
Similarities:
•Both are colourless
•Both are water in gaseous state
Differences
At any temperature
1000C
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Changing States of Water: Changing States of Water: Heat GainedHeat Gained
• Solid to liquid: Melting (00C)• Liquid to Gaseous : Evaporation
: Boiling (1000C)
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Changing States of Water: Changing States of Water: Heat LossHeat Loss
• Liquid to Solid: Freezing (00C)• Gaseous to Liquid : Condensation
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Changing States of Water: Changing States of Water: Heat LossHeat Loss
• Liquid to Solid: Freezing (00C)• Liquid to Gaseous : Condensation
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MeltingMelting• From solid to liquid• Gains heat• Happens at 00C • Ice to water• Temperature stays the same• Heat gained to change state of water
from solid to liquid• State of water during melting: solid and
liquid
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Freezing Freezing
• From liquid to solid• Heat loss from water to the surrounding• Happens at 00C • Water to Ice• Temperature stays the same
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Boiling Boiling • From liquid to gaseous• Gains Heat• Happens at 1000C • Water to Steam• Temperature stays the same• Heat gained to change state of water
from liquid to gaseous• State of water: liquid and gaseous
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Evaporation Evaporation
• From liquid to gaseous• Gains heat• Evaporation happens all the time and at any
temperature. • Water to Water Vapour
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Condensation Condensation
• From gaseous to liquid• Loses heat• Condensation happens due to temperature
difference• Water Vapour to Water • Steam to Water
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Condensation Condensation
(1000C)
(100C)
(1000C)
(700C)
Faster Slower
More water droplets
Less water droplets
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Evaporation Evaporation
• The rate of evaporation depends on a few factors:- Presence of wind- Humidity - Temperature- Area of exposed surface
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Presence of Wind Presence of Wind
• Water evaporates faster in the presence of wind.
• When water evaporates, water vapour gathers above the surface of the water.
• Wind will carry the water vapour away, making space for more water to rise.
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Humidity Humidity (Amount of water vapour in the (Amount of water vapour in the
air)air)• High humidity: Large amount of water
vapour in the air
• Higher humidity Slower rate of evaporation
• There is little or no space in the air for any more water vapour when humidity is high.
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Temperature Temperature
• Higher temperature Faster rate of evaporation
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Area of Exposed SurfaceArea of Exposed Surface
• The larger the area of the exposed surface, the greater the amount of evaporation.
Larger exposed surface area
Smaller exposed surface area
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Area of Exposed SurfaceArea of Exposed Surface
0 fold 1fold 2 folds
Increase rate of evaporation
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Video on processes of water
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Water Cycle Video 1
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Water CycleWater Cycle
• Respiration– Animals give out water vapour
Stage 1:• Evaporation
– Heat from sun evaporate water from rivers, lakes and sea
• Transpiration– Plants give out water vapour through
stomata of leaves
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Water CycleWater CycleStage 2:• Condensation
– Water vapour rises into the air and condenses into water droplets
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Water CycleWater CycleStage 3:• Precipitation
– Clouds become to heavy and fall as rain to the ground
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Water CycleWater Cycle
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Main source of energy for water cycle
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Water Cycle Song: Processes
Water Cycle Song