PRINCIPLES ON ELL & THEIR TRANSLATION

TO INNOVATIONS ON ELT

Indicator 1: Explain various principles on ELL Indicator 2: Translate the principles of ELL

into innovations in ELT

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EXPERIENCE REFLECTION“WHEN YOU LEARN LANGUAGE BEST”

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Principle 1: Learners learn a language best when:

They are treated as individuals with their own needs and interests. Content and processes of learning whole

learners (intellectual, social, affective) Fulfillment of learners’ needs and interests Employ multi methods and media individual

differences.

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They are provided with opportunities to participate in communicative use of the target language in the wide range of activities. Learners’ active involvement in comm.

activities Promoting authentic/genuine

communication Creating a variety of activities

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They are exposed to communicative data comprehensible and relevant to their own needs and interests Krashen: comprehensible input (i + 1) Challenging materials & activities

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DESAIN MUMBRITA 6

LEVELS OF ENGLISH ( 1-8/ Basic to Advanced)

BASIC

ADVANCED

PRE-INTERM.

ELEMENTARY

INTERMEDIATE

i + 1

They focus deliberately on various language forms, skills, and strategies to support the process of language acquisition. Language Acquisition vs. Language Learning Deliberate study on forms, skills, strategies From learners of English users of English

by integrating forms, skills, strategies Personalized and contextualized exercises Reflection on learning

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They are exposed to socio-cultural data and direct experience of the cultures embedded within the target language Awareness of CCU Experiences of community events and direct

contact (pen pal, audio exchange, audio visual access, …)

Talk to native speakers or NNS living in foreign countries

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They become aware of the role and nature of language and of culture. Explicit general features of language and

culture and their roles in society Learning language vs. Learning through

language vs. Learning about language Introducing supra-segmental features Experiencing & reflecting cultures

(differences and similarities) build up awareness

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They are provided with appropriate feedback about their progress. Clear goals and objectives and how to

achieve. Immediate and appropriate feedback for

learning improvement Building learners’ ability to monitor their own

and others’ performance.

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They are provided with opportunities to manage their own learning. Explicit goals and objectives and how to

achieve them Development of learning-how-to-learn Increasing responsibilities to their own

learning (SALL/SAC) Fostering social interaction and cooperative

learning skills

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Principle 1: Designing English based on learners’ needs and interests ESP

Principle 2: Creating various strategies TEFL, Media

Principle 3: levels of English graded materials and various activities materials development, curriculum, TEFL

Principle 4: from learners to users learning language elements, skills, and startegieshow to use/blend all these 3/29/2017 ESP - I Made Sujana - the University of Mataram 12

Principle 5: Understanding cultures CCU, language element and skill courses

Principle 6: learning language, through language, and about language

Principle 7: Implementing immediate, appropriate and objective, motivating feedback TEFL

Principle 8: learning autonomy SALL/SAC

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Scarino, et al. (1994) proposed principles of ELT. What are they?

How do they relate to the innovation of ELT? How do they relate to teaching English using

an ESP approach?

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