Prioritising support for investing in locally controlled forest in Burkina Faso

GLOBAL SHEA ALLIANCE CONFERENCE 2013 ABUJA

T. Hill, EP Tangem & B. Kabore

Content

1. TREEAID 2. Background 3. Objectives 4. Methodology 5. Geographical targeting 6. Overview of Sub-sectorial entrepreneurial

options

Mar. 2013 TREE AID

TREEAID • Programme themes • TREE AID works to improve lives

and the environment with its key programme themes by supporting communities in the following areas:

• Environment • Enterprise • access and rights • Food security • Focus in the dry lands

Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mali, Niger, Ethiopia )

• http://www.treeaid.org.uk/

Background

• Locally Controlled forest constitute the main land tenure and use system in BF

• More than 65 -80% of adjacent forest & woodland Dwellers depends on them for income and livelihood

• Small and Medium Forest Enterprises is one of the main income generating sector

• Deforestation, forest degradation, and land use change contribute 8-20% of CHG emission

• Locally controlled forest provides local people with financial incentives to sustainably manage existing forest and restore degraded forest and agricultural land.

OBJECTIVE

• TREE AID is Part of the Forest Connect Initiative • The Forest Connect project is seeking to assess

options for small forest enterprise sub-sectors that might best deliver integrated, intensified, climate-smart land use.

• The project is focussed on specific geographical regions and Enterprise Subsectors

• This report presents an assessment of options for Burkina Faso.

Methodology

• Selection of study area – Impact in terms of income generation and sustainable

resource management • Shortlisting of enterprise options

– Criteria development – Review of current national trade strategy – Rapid markets visit – Interaction with concerned stakeholders

Methodology

• Preliminary Screening – Industrial growth potential

• Review of market demand (trend, comparative & competitive advantages)

• Review of enabling environment • Review of resilience in the face of climate change

– Income potential for smallholders – Mapping attractiveness

Methodology

• Final screening – Assessment of integrated impacts

• Gender, Food security, Energy security, Climate change mitigation and adaptation, Biodiversity, Soil fertility and nitrogen inputs

• Framework for support options – Detailed review of challenges – Assessment of supports needed

Geographical targeting

Burkina Faso like Mali, Niger is generally Sahelian ( 70%) Characterised by • Low rainfall (3 to 4 months/ an) –

typically about 300-400mm • Specifically three climatic zones (Guinéen,

Sudanian and Sahelian) • Southern part, Semi-deciduous tree species,

higher rains • Further north pure Sahel , low rains,

capricious weather, ( prone to floods &drought)

Overview of Sub-sectorial entrepreneurial options .

Subsector Relevance Requirement to enhance bio capacity

1. Agro-forestry food product enterprises Extensive parklands Fallow, tree planting for inputs

2. TREE Food Enterprises Limited in extend , local control

3. Biomass energy enterprises Existing forest management group

4. Construction enterprises Limited scope for investment

5. NTFPs enterprises shea, gum, well established livelihood options for poor

Potential intensification/ tenure issues

III. Assessment of markets prospects for each potential subsector

• 3.Income generating potential of good and moderate options. This is broken down into;

• (3.1) scale of market demand for products or services derived from

enterprises in these sub-sectors. • (3.2) Identification of markets which have the greatest potential for

expansion and income generation based on given • (3.2.1) market trends • (3.2.2) issues of competitive advantage • (3.2.3) issues related to the enabling environment (e.g. product

restrictions, bureaucratic hurdles etc) • (3.2.4) resilience in the face of likely climate change •

Table 1 – Analysis of Market Prospects by Sub-Sector

N° Sub-sectors

Q 3.1

Q 3.2.1

Q 3.2.2

Q 3.2.3

Q 3.2.4

TOTAL score Balanced rank

1.

Agro-forestry food product enterprises, where trees serve to improve soil fertility for conventional agricultural crops 3 4 4 3 4 20 1st

2.

Tree-crop food enterprises – where tree fruits / leaves / stems / or nectar products such as honey are used directly for food 3 3 4 3 3 16 5th

3.

Biomass energy enterprises – where on-farm or natural forest wood products are used for energy

5 4 4 2 5 20 1st

4.

Cconstruction material enterprises – where on-farm or natural forest trees are used for sawn-timber, carpentry, thatching 4 4 4 4 4 20 1st

5.

NTFP enterprises – where on-farm or natural forest trees are used for medicinal, cosmetic, craft or other purposes 4 5 5 3 3 20 1st

Scores: 5 = highly likely; 4 = moderately likely; 3 = no likely effect or not applicable; 2 = unlikely or small adverse effect; 1 = strong adverse effect.

Integrated impact scoring Natural

regeneration parkland

Agro foresty sector

NTFPs sector

Biomass sector

Construction

Gender 4 5 4 4 4 5

Food 5 4 5 4 4 4

Energy 4 5 4 3 4 3

Climate change 4 5 4 4 4 4

Biodiversity 4 4 5 3 5 2

Soil fertility 4 4 5 4 4 3

Total 25 27 27 22 25 22

Priority zones for intervention in Burkina

An investment in forest resources in the Sudano-Sahelian zone could have a significant impact on poverty reduction due to higher dependence on trees than in other areas with more vegetation cover

A. Agro-forestry food product enterprises, where trees serve to improve soil fertility for conventional agricultural crops

B. NTFP enterprises, including production of tree food products and commodities traded for cash (notably shea nuts and gum arabic)

C. Biomass energy production based on natural forest formations Markets for biomass energy are strong and growing

Selected sectors for intervention in the sudano sahelian zone

References Previous Forest Connect studies

• Etude Diagnostique sur les Petites et Moyennes Entreprises Forestieres au Burkina Faso, ICI/TREE AID, 2008

• Rapport sur les besoins en informations des petites et moyennes entreprises forestières, ICI/TREE AID, 2009

• Renforcement de la gouvernance et des structures des entreprises communautaires de filière Karité au Burkina Faso: diagnostic du niveau de fonctionnement des organisations communautaires de mini, petites et moyennes entreprises de karité au Burkina Faso, Sama, P. G., 2011

• Analyse Participative de chaines de valeurs à fortes potentialités négligées le baobab (feuilles, fruits et huile) et balanites (fruits et huile), TREE AID, 2011