PRIVY COUNCIL (royal advisors) – set English policies in colonies

GOVERNOR – served as head of a colony’s gov’t

ASSEMBLIES – make laws & set policy (based on Parliament’s bicameral legislature) Made of 2

houses

TOWN MEETINGS – people met & discussed local issues

COURTS – to control local affairs

- to protect freedoms

(John Peter Zengar – accused of libel, found not guilty)

James II becomes

King ofEng. Unites colonies

under 1 gov’t (Dominion

of NewEngland) Appoints Sir

Edmund Andrews

royal governor

Colonists upset

James IIoverthrown

by Mary &

WilliamColonists

remove Androsas Gov. & form

newassemblies

ENGLISH BILL OF RIGHTS:

- reduces power of Eng. monarchy

- shows change to representative gov’t

The Growth of Trade

• English Trade Laws– Navigation Acts– required colonies to do most of their

trading with England.– set duties, or import taxes on some

trade products

The Growth of Trade

• Colonial Trade– Illegal Trade– Molasses Act

• smuggled• British officials rarely punished smugglers

• Trade across the Atlantic– Triangular trade

The Growth of Trade

• The Middle Passage– The Slave Trade– became one version of triangular trade– resulted on millions of Africans being forced to

leave Africa– thousands of captives died on the slave ships

The Colonial Economy

• Agriculture– cash crops– labor by slaves—slave codes

The Colonial Economy

• Industry and Trade– harsh climate and rocky soil limited

growth of cash crops in New England– shipbuilding– skilled trade-apprentices– fishing

The Great Awakening

•Christian Movement•Some congregations split

•Gilbert Tennent: sermons attacked traditionalists/caused Presbyterian Church to Split

Traditionalist

(Old Lights)

Followers of Great Awakening

(New Lights)

Effects:

• improved communication between colonies

• Increased discussion of political and social issues

The Great Awakening