problem statement 06 beneficiary - who exactly will benefit from the proposal

TARGET BENEFICIARY

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3 PROBLEM STATEMENTS 5 PARTS OF A PROBLEM STATEMENT TARGET BENEFICIARY SPECIFIC BENEFICIARY USE A NOUN

USE AN ADJECTIVE HINT A CHALLENGE HINT AN URGENCY PROBLEM STATEMENT THESIS STATEMENT

STATEMENT OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM – STEP # 06

three problem statements

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Three topics are required •To prove your ability to write 3 types of problem statements•To prove your ability to use 3 types of urgency elements•To prove your ability to use 3 types of theory support

five parts


BENEFICIARIES URGENT NEED REQUIRED ACTION ORIGINAL INPUT (BONUS)

1 2 3 4 5

The 5 Parts of a Problem StatementA research problem statement can be prepared in five steps.

PARTS CONTENTS

1 BENEFICIARIES Who will benefit from the proposal? Describe by using a noun + an adjective + a hint of a need or problem

2 URGENT NEED What is the topic of the proposal? Summarize the need or problem to be addressed

3 REQUIRED ACTION

What must the beneficiary do to solve the problem? [LINK]

4 ORIGINAL INPUT Proposal: What is the writer’s proposed action? + Originality: Is the proposal original or creative? + Versatility: Is the proposal useful in other contexts? [LINK]

5 BONUS: THESIS STATEMENT

Does the thesis indicate the proposed action, target beneficiaries, the need to be addressed, and theory support for the proposal? [LINK]

SUMMARY


http://www.slideshare.net/JaimeCabrera3/problem-statement-09-relevance-what-beneficiaries-must-do-to-meet-the-need

http://www.slideshare.net/JaimeCabrera3/problem-statement-11-original-input-use-of-elements-of-originality

Parts of the Statement: Practice 1.1BENEFICIARIES URGENT NEED REQUIRED ACTION ORIGINAL INPUT (BONUS)

1

1

SPECIFY THE TARGET GROUP THAT CAN BENEFIT FROM YOUR PROPOSALHINT THAT THE PROBLEM IS NOT EASY TO SOLVEHINT THAT THE PROBLEM IS URGENT OR CRITICAL LAST VIEWED NEXT SLIDELAST SLIDEFIRST SLIDE PREVIOUS SLIDEEND SHOW

Parts of the Statement: Practice 1.2BENEFICIARIES URGENT NEED REQUIRED ACTION ORIGINAL INPUT (BONUS)

1

1

SPECIFY the target group that can benefit from your proposal

HINT that the problem is not easy to solve

HINT that the problem is urgent

2

2SPECIFY THE NEEDS THAT YOUR PROPOSAL WILL ADDRESSSHOW THAT THE NEED IS URGENT



Parts of the Statement: Practice 1.31

1




2

2

SPECIFY the needs that your proposal will address

SHOW that the need is urgent

3

3SPECIFY WHAT MUST BE DONE FIRST IN ORDER TO MEET THE NEEDUSE CONCEPTS OF TIME URGENCY




1




2

2



3

3

SPECIFY what must be done first in order to meet the need

USE concepts of time urgency

4

4DESCRIBE THE ORIGINAL ELEMENTS OF WHAT YOU PROPOSEUSE CONCEPTS OF ORIGINALITY




1




2

2



3

3

SPECIFY what must be done first in order to meet the need

USE concepts of time urgency

4

4

DESCRIBE the original elements of what you propose

USE concepts of originality

5

5USE THEORIES, LAWS OR PRINCIPLES THAT SUPPORT YOUR IDEASINTEGRATE MAIN THEORY WITH THE TOPICCUT FOR CONCISENESS


target beneficiary


The target beneficiary is an individual or group that you target to benefit from your proposal.

A target beneficiary can be described with four elements.

1. Specific Noun: To describe a specific target beneficiary, a noun must be described with specifics

2. Specifying Adjective: To create an element of urgency, the adjective must imply a need or problem

3. Hint of Difficulty or Challenge: The implied problems should be college-level and not too easy to solve.

4. Hint of Urgency: Three types of urgency are (a) critical problem, (b) emergency situation, and (c) limited time situation.

Describe the Beneficiary: SUMMARY


specific beneficiary


When the target beneficiary is described with unique characteristics, then it is “specific”.

If the target beneficiary is not specific, writing the proposal can be slower and more difficult.

Specify The Target Beneficiary: Why


The description helps the writer clarify ideas before writing the proposal.



A teacher can determine the clarity of the proposed idea: Can a reader clearly understand this?



The teacher can check the proposed idea for logic: Can this proposal solve this need of this target beneficiary?



use a noun


Specific Noun: To describe a target beneficiary, a noun must be specified.

Noun: To describe a target beneficiary, a noun must be specified.

Specify a Target Beneficiary: Noun


Noun: To specify a target beneficiary, use a noun with specific descriptors.

Specify a Noun: Example

GENERAL SPECIFIC DESCRIPTIONRed flowers Red Hawaiian hibiscus in the last two days

before wilting


Noun: To specify a target beneficiary, a noun must be detailed.

Specify a Noun: ExampleSUMMARY


before wilting

Small-time beef importers

Non-Muslim beef importers in Penang with less than $10,000 operating capital


Noun: To describe a specific target beneficiary, a noun must be specifically described.

Specify a Noun: ExampleSUMMARY


before wilting

Small-time beef importers

Non-Muslim beef importers in Penang with less than $10,000 operating capital

Complex equation

Chemical formula with 16 components and 10 variables


Use a specific noun to describe a group that will benefit from your proposal. This is your target beneficiary.

Specify a Noun: ExerciseEXERCISE 1C

BENEFICIARY

In AiU

Family, friends, or communities

In your country


use an adjective


Adjectives that hint: Use adjectives that indicate an urgent need or a critical problem

Adjective: Use adjectives that indicate a need or a problem

Use Adjectives that Hint: EXAMPLESUMMARY

ADJECTIVE: DESCRIPTIVE ADJECTIVE: IMPLIED NEED

Dirty clothes (‘clothes’ not a beneficiary) Need for cleaning

Crying child Need for comfort or attention

Dry soil(‘soil’ not a beneficiary) Need for rain


Add an adjective that hints, indicates or implies either a need or a problem of the target beneficiary.

Use Adjectives that Hint: ExerciseEXERCISE 1C

ADJECTIVE BENEFICIARY

In AiU

Family, friends, or communities

In your country


hint a challenge


1. Choose a noun-adjective pair to hint (but not say) a challenging topic.

2. The description should hint that this paper• Is not that easy to write • Needs high-level cognitive thinking• Requires significant research time

Hint a Challenge: SUMMARY1. Choose a noun-adjective pair to hint

(but not say) a challenging topic.2. The description should hint that this

paper• Is not that easy to write • Needs high-level cognitive thinking• Requires significant research time

DESCRIBE A SPECIFIC BENEFICIARY


CHOOSE A UNIVERSITY-LEVEL CHALLENGE: The implied problems should not be too easy to solve.

Hint a Challenge : EXAMPLESDESCRIBE A SPECIFIC BENEFICIARY

NOUN ADJECTIVE HINT OF EASY SOLUTION HINT OF CHALLENGE

BUILDING BURNING BURNING BUILDING (POUR WATER)

UNSAFE COOKING PRACTICES (CREATE POSTER TO EDUCATE)

LAZY STUDENT LAZY STUDENT (DISCIPLINE STRICTLY)

FREQUENT OVERSLEEPING (CREATE PREVENTION STRATEGY)

BAD FOOD BAD FOOD (CHANGE THE COOK)

LIMITED VARIETY OF FOOD CHOICES (CREATE VIABLE & VARIABLE MENUS)


hint an urgency


A description of the target beneficiary can hint (but not specify) that there is an urgent need or problem.

Three types of urgency (1) critical problem(2) emergency situation(3) limited time

Urgency: Limited TimeWhen describing the requirement of the proposal, show at least one type of urgency. URGENCY DEFINITION EXAMPLES IMPLIED URGENCY

Limited Time

The need or problem must be solved within a short time or else the problem worsens.

Failing students

TIME: Tests and exams are given at specific times.

Failing scholars

TIME: Scholarship is limited to a specific time.

Describe the Relevance of the Proposal

Urgency: Emergency SituationWhen describing the requirement of the proposal, show at least one type of urgency. URGENCY DEFINITION EXAMPLES IMPLIED URGENCY

Emergency

Situation

A need or problem happens suddenly and unexpectedly; a solution is needed as soon as possible

Food poisoning

SUDDEN: Group is not prepared how to react.

Malaria epidemic

UNEXPECTED: No ready medical supplies, services.


Urgency: Critical SituationWhen describing the requirement of the proposal, show at least one type of urgency. URGENCY DEFINITION EXAMPLES IMPLIED URGENCY

Critical Situati

on

A need or problem developed grown over time. Action is needed to prevent reaching a dangerous level

Pregnant student

CRITICAL: Education, work, & future can be destroyed

Global warming

CRITICAL: The Earth cannot support life after a time


Urgency: A Need For Quick ActionWhen describing the requirement of the proposal, show at least one type of urgency. URGENCY DEFINITION EXAMPLES IMPLIED URGENCY

Time limitation

The need or problem must be solved within a short time or else the problem worsens.

Failing students

TIME: Tests and exams are given at specific times.

Failing scholars

TIME: Scholarship is limited to a specific time.

Emergency situation

A need or problem happens suddenly and unexpectedly; a solution is needed as soon as possible

Food poisoning

SUDDEN: Group is not prepared how to react.

Malaria epidemic

UNEXPECTED: No ready medical supplies, services.

Critical situation

A need or problem developed grown over time. Action is needed to prevent reaching a dangerous level

Pregnant student

CRITICAL: Education, work, & future can be destroyed

Global warming

CRITICAL: The Earth cannot support life after a time

ONE MORE TIME

Change the urgent statements to neutral statements

Hint at an Urgency: PRACTICE 1A

NEUTRAL URGENT

Drunk man Drunk airplane pilot

Unexpected visitor Armed burglar

Forgotten recipe Disappearing cultural knowledge

ANSWER: NEXT SLIDE

ANSWER: NEXT SLIDE

ANSWER: NEXT SLIDE

SPECIFY A BENEFICIARY


Change the urgent statements to neutral statements

Hint at an Urgency: PRACTICE 1A

NEUTRAL URGENT

Drunk man Drunk airplane pilot

Unexpected visitor Armed burglar

Forgotten recipe Disappearing cultural knowledge



Change the neutral ideas to ideas that imply problems or needs.

Hint at an Urgency : PRACTICE 1B

NEUTRAL URGENT

bad girl pregnant teen-ager

playing boy computer-addicted student

lazy professional plagiarizing professor

ANSWER: NEXT SLIDE

ANSWER: NEXT SLIDE

ANSWER: NEXT SLIDE



Change the neutral ideas to ideas that imply problems or needs.

Hint at an Urgency : PRACTICE 1B

NEUTRAL URGENT

bad girl pregnant teen-ager

playing boy computer-addicted student

lazy professional plagiarizing professor



Hint at an Urgency : EXAMPLE

TOPIC BENEFICIARIES URGENT NEED REQUIRED ACTION ORIGINAL INPUT

1 shabby student

hungry student

ERRORS:• The adjective does not show urgency.• The noun is not specific. It can be any student.





1 burning room

impoverished student

ERRORS:• Example 1: not a beneficiary • Example 2: The adjective implies urgency• However, the noun is not specific. It can be any student.





1 broken leg

ONE ERROR: Urgency is hinted but topic is too general• The adjective shows urgency (emergency situation).• However the noun is not specific. It can be any leg.



Hint at an Urgency : EXAMPLETOPIC BENEFICIARIES URGENT NEED REQUIRED

ACTION ORIGINAL INPUT

1

failing senior geography students in Cebu

NO ERRORS: There is a hint of an urgency• The noun is specific. It cannot be any student in the world.

• seniors = they need to graduate this schoolyear• The adjective shows urgency (critical problem).

• failing = they need to have passing grades• Critical Situation = they need a minimum of C average to

graduate this schoolyear





2low-vocabulary scholars in the CFS program


NO ERRORS: There is a clear hint of an urgency•The noun is specific. It cannot be any scholar in the world.• scholars = they need passing grades to keep their scholarships

•The adjective shows urgency (time limitation).• CFS = they need to go to UGP after 9 months• low-vocabulary = they need high vocabulary to pass UGP

• Time Situation = they need to acquire 40,000 academic words within 9 months; they use no time for academic vocabulary; if they are taught, they forget within three months




3malnourished infants in Somaliland


NO ERRORS: Urgency is well-established•The noun is specific. It cannot be any infant in the world.• infants = Unlike adults, infants are weaker and die faster

•The adjective shows urgency (critical problem).• malnourished = There is no food or nourishment available• Somaliland = there is widespread drought, famine, and

corruption; the country is too poor to import food for all babies•Critical Situation = the state needs to feed @440,000 infants a day, all over the country with poor roads and transportation


problem statement


•Example of a one-sentence problem statement•The 1 to 4 elements of a problem statement•The A to D elements of a problem statement•See how a one-sentence problem statement can become a three-part thesis statement

http://www.slideshare.net/JaimeCabrera3/pre-writing-how-to-write-a-cluster-outline-from-problem-statement-to-research-paper


One-sentence Problem Statement

In five days, I will draft an A3-sized information poster with 10 photos and English text to show single teenage mothers how to continue their studies and survive financially amidst ostracism by family and community.

SAMPLE 1


1 to 4 Parts of a Problem Statement1. A SPECIFIC TIME LIMIT:

When you will submit your output

2. A CLEAR OUTPUT: For practice, you are to produce a poster and a slideshow (attention, information, instruction)

3. A SPECIFIC BENEFICIARY: Specified beneficiaries and requirement to meet the need

4. A STRONG NEED: Urgent need of beneficiaries (hint of urgency)


SAMPLE 1


A to D Parts of a Problem Statement


SAMPLE 1


A.VIABILITY – The output can be submitted before deadline, but

B. HINT OF DIFFICULTY: The university level topic is not so easy to complete

C. ORIGINAL INPUT (can be a new point of action, a synthesis of different ideas, an increased values, or an unexpected connection)

D.MEASURABLE VERBS & NOUNS: There are no adjectives or adverbs used.





One-sentence Problem Statement

In one week, I will submit a 10-page instruction leaflet with photos, French and Swahili text to show Ugandan villagers how to plant, process, and use moringa powder to lower infant mortality by 10% in six months.

SAMPLE 2


1 to 4 Parts of a Problem Statement1. A SPECIFIC TIME LIMIT:

When you will submit your output

2. A CLEAR OUTPUT: For practice, you are to produce a poster and a slideshow (attention, information, instruction)

3. A SPECIFIC BENEFICIARY: Specified beneficiaries and requirement to meet the need

4. A STRONG NEED: Urgent need of beneficiaries (hint of urgency)


SAMPLE 1


A to D Parts of a Problem Statement


SAMPLE 1


A. VIABILITY – The output can be submitted before deadline, but

B. HINT OF DIFFICULTY: The university level topic is not so easy to complete

C. ORIGINAL INPUT (can be a new point of action, a synthesis of different ideas, an increased values, or an unexpected connection)

D. MEASURABLE VERBS & NOUNS: There are no adjectives or adverbs used.





thesis statement


•Example of a one-sentence problem statement•Example of a 1 x 3 thesis statement•Example of a 3 x 3 thesis statementSee how a thesis statement can become a three-level outline



The Three-part Thesis Statement


TOPIC SENTENCE 1




TOPIC SENTENCE 1


Amidst ostracism by family and community, a teenage single mother can survive financially through aid from state organizations, from non-government organizations, and from charity foundations.

1x3 THESIS STATEMENT


In one week, I will submit a 10-page instruction leaflet photos, French and Swahili text to show Ugandan villagers how to plant, process, and use moringa powder to lower infant mortality and malnutrition in nursing mothers.

TOPIC SENTENCE 2



In one week, I will submit a 10-page instruction leaflet photos, French and Swahili text to show Ugandan villagers how to plant, process, and use moringa powder to lower infant mortality and malnutrition in nursing mothers.

TOPIC SENTENCE 2


Ugandan villagers can cultivate moringa trees, process leaves to powder, and use moringa powder to lower infant mortality, increase nutrition of nursing mothers, and increase resistance to diseases that are common in the villages.

3x3 THESIS STATEMENT

bonus


In writing the thesis statement, use theories, or principles to give strength to your ideas (See how).

USE THEORIES, LAWS OR PRINCIPLES THAT SUPPORT YOUR IDEASINTEGRATE MAIN THEORY WITH THE TOPICCUT FOR CONCISENESS

http://www.slideshare.net/JaimeCabrera3/12-proof-use-of-authoritative-support-how-to-use-theory

What’s NextPPT: Research Proposal 1 - From Problem Statement to Thesis Statement is here.PPT: Research Proposal 2 - How to Defend Your Problem (or Thesis) Statement is here.PPT: Research Proposal 3 - The Three-Part Thesis Statement is here.PPT: How To Outline A Paper, Essay, or Proposal is here.

http://www.slideshare.net/JaimeCabrera3/research-proposal-1-problem-statement-to-thesis-statement

http://www.slideshare.net/JaimeCabrera3/research-proposal-2-defending-your-thesis-statement

http://www.slideshare.net/JaimeCabrera3/research-proposal-3-the-threepart-thesis-statement


TARGET BENEFICIARY

Image courtesy of fineartamerica.com

3 PROBLEM STATEMENTS 5 PARTS OF A PROBLEM STATEMENT TARGET BENEFICIARY SPECIFIC BENEFICIARY USE A NOUN

USE AN ADJECTIVE HINT A CHALLENGE HINT AN URGENCY PROBLEM STATEMENT THESIS STATEMENT

STATEMENT OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM – STEP # 06

THANK YOU

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