Problems During Prenatal Development

& Prenatal Testing

Ultrasound

• Sound waves make a video image

• Structural problems and multiple births can be detected; Least risk involved

3D/4D Ultrasound Pictures

Ultrasound Video

http://www.layyous.com/ultasound/ultrasound_video.htm

http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/ultrasound/MM00084

American Pregnancy Association

• Weekly Updates• http://americanpregnancy.org/tag/first-trimester

• Prenatal Tests • http://americanpregnancy.org/category/prenataltesting

Amniocentesis

• Amniotic fluid is withdrawn for testing

• Occurs: Weeks 14-20

• Reason: – Health care provider recommended following an abnormal triple test

result– Identifying chromosome abnormalities, neural tube defects, and other

inherited disorders• Down syndrome / Trisomy 21

• Accuracy: 98-99%

• Risk: – 1/200 women who have this procedure miscarry

• Due to infection of the uterus, preterm labor

Amniocentesis

Chorionic Villi Sampling (CVS)

• Tissue around the fetus is taken for testing• Trans cervical Or Trans abdominal

• Occurs: During weeks 10-13

• Reason: – Identifying chromosome abnormalities and other inherited disorders

• Does not allow for testing for neural tube defects– Collects larger samples and provides faster results than amniocentesis– Provides access to DNA for paternity testing prior to delivery

• Accuracy: 98-99%

• Risk: • 1/100 women who have this procedure miscarry • Higher risk than an amniocentesis

Chorionic Villi Sampling