problems op rehousing. thesis submitted for the degree of
TRANSCRIPT
PROBLEMS OP REHOUSING.
T h es is subm itted f o r the Degree o f
D octor o f M edicine
U n iv e r s i t y o f Glasgow,
by
John Edward Lunn,
M .B .,C h .B ., D .P .H ., D .P .A .
September, I960*
ProQuest Number: 13850704
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I I .
CONTENTS.
INTRODUCTION. Page I .
METHOD. Page 2 .
EXAMINATION OF THE FAMILIES IN THEIR OLD HOUSES,OVERALL GROUP. Page 7 .
EXAMINATION OF THE ELEVEN SUB-GROUPS IN THEIR OLDHOUSES. F a m il ie s coming from I , 2 and 5-apartm enttenement h ou ses . Page 17*
F a m il ie s rehoused from b u i ld in g s about to bed em olish ed . Page 25.
F a m il ie s rehoused from o ld e r p u b l ic authority-house s . Page 26.
F a m il ie s in which the g e n e r a l home background( a s d i s t i n c t from the house) was a s s e s s e d as"poor" or "bad11. Page 50.
F a m il ie s c o n ta in in g o ld age p e n s io n e r s . Page 54.
H ouseholds c o n ta in in g I c h i ld , 2 c h i ld r e n and 5 or more c h i ld r e n . Page 57.
F a m il ie s in which one or more members s u f f e r e dfrom d i s a b i l i t i e s which secu red them p r i o r i t yin h o u s in g . Page 41 .
EXAMINATION OF THE FAMILIES SIX MONTHS AFTER MOVINGTO NEW COUNCIL HOUSES, OVERALL GROUP. Page 48 .
ANALYSIS OF THE ELEVEN SUB-GROUPS SIX MONTHS AFTERMOVING TO NEW COUNCIL HOUSES. F a m il ie s rehousedfrom I , 2 and 5-apartm ent tenement h o u se s . Page 61 .
F a m il ie s rehoused from b u i ld in g s due fo r d e m o l it io n . Page 65 .
F a m il ie s rehoused from o ld e r p u b l ic a u t h o r i t y h ou ses . Page 67 .
F a m il ie s in which the g e n e r a l home background (a sd i s t i n c t from the house) was a s s e s s e d as "poor" or"bad" b e fo re r e h o u s in g . Page 70 .
F a m il ie s c o n ta in in g o ld age p e n s io n e rs v i s i t e d s i x months a f t e r moving in to new h o u se s . Page 72
I I I .
F a m il ie s c o n ta in in g I c h i ld , 2 c h i ld r e n and 3 ormore c h i ld r e n when seen s i x months a f t e r r eh o u s in g . Page 7 4 .
f a m i l i e s in which one or more members s u f fe r e d from d i s a b i l i t i e s which secured them p r i o r i t y in h ou sin g , v i s i t e d a f t e r s i x months. Page 7 8 .
EXAMINATION OP THE FAMILIES ONE YEAR AFTER MOVINGTO NEW COUNCIL HOUSES, OVERALL GROUP. Page 8 2 .
ANALYSIS OF THE ELEVEN SUB-GROUPS FOR THE SECOND SIX MONTHS AFTER MOVING INTO NEW COUNCIL HOUSES.F a m il ie s rehoused from I , 2 and 3-apartm enttenement h o u se s . Page 9 2 .
F a m il ie s rehoused from b u i ld in g s due fo r d e m o l i t io n . Page 9 5 .
F a m il ie sh o u se s .
rehoused from o ld e r p u b lic a u th o r i tyPage 9 7 .
F a m il ie s in which the g e n e r a l home background ( a s d i s t i n c t from the house) was a s s e s s e d as "poor” or "bad" b efo re r e h o u s in g . Page 98 .
F a m il ie s c o n ta in in g o ld age p e n s io n e r s v i s i t e d one year a f t e r moving in to new h o u se s . Page 105 .
F a m il ie s c o n ta in in g I c h i l d , 2 c h i ld r e n and 3 or more c h i ld r e n when seen one year a f t e r r e h o u s in g . Page 107 .
F a m il ie s in which one or more members s u f f e r e d from d i s a b i l i t i e s which secu red them p r i o r i t y in h o u sin g , v i s i t e d a f t e r one y e a r . Page 109 .
SUMMARY. Page 112 0
Appendix I . Page 118.
Appendix I I . Page 1 3 0 .
Appendix I I I . Page 139.
Appendix IV. Page 146 .
Appendix V. Page 153 .
Appendix V I* Page 155.
Appendix V I I . Page 165.
Appendix V I I I . Page 172.
IV.
Appendix IX. Page 182
Appendix X. Page 186
Appendix XI. Page 190
Appendix X II . Page 194
Appendix X I I I . Page 196
Appendix XIV. Page 206
Appendix XV. Page 210
Appendix XVI. Page 220
Appendix XVII. Page 224
Appendix X V III. Page 228
Appendix XIX. Page 232
Appendix XX. Page 234
Appendix XXI. Page 244
Acknowledgements. Page 248
INTRODUCTION
Glasgow c o n ta in s over 3 0 0 ,0 0 0 h o u s e s . Over 1 0 0 ,0 00
o f t h e s e have been b u i l t by th e L oca l -Authority s in c e th e
F i r s t World War. Per c a p i t a , Glasgow has b u i l t more coun
c i l h o u se s than any o th e r la r g e c i t y in th e U n ited Kingdom,
y e t Glasgow*s h o u s in g c o n d i t io n s remain amongst th e w orst
in th e c o u n tr y . T h is i s no new s t a t e o f a f f a i r s . In
1839 a r e p o r t to P ar liam en t on h o u s in g in B r i t a in s a id : "I
have seen human d eg ra d a tio n in some o f the w orst p la c e s
b oth in England and abroad, but I d id n o t b e l i e v e u n t i l I
had v i s i t e d th e wynds o f Glasgow t h a t so la r g e an amount o f
f i l t h , cr im e, m isery and d i s e a s e e x i s t e d in one sp o t in any
c i v i l i s e d c o u n tr y . '1'1' At t h i s t im e Glasgow was th e c en tr e
o f a r a p id ly d e v e lo p in g group o f heavy e n g in e e r in g in d u s t
r i e s and o f an e s t a b l i s h e d c o t to n in d u s t r y . In resp on se
t o th e demand f o r la b o u r , th e l o c a l country f o l k and th e
I r i s h im m igrants f lo c k e d to th e c i t y . The p o p u la t io n i n
c re a sed r a p id ly .
The in c r e a s e in p o p u la t io n was n o t matched by an i n
c r e a se in h ou sin g accommodation. Dr. S u therlan d o f th e Gen
e r a l Board o f H ea lth s t a t e d in 1848: "I have been c r e d ib ly
inform ed th a t f o r y e a r s a p o p u la t io n o f many thousands has
been a n n u a lly added to Glasgow by im m igra tion , w ith ou t a
s i n g l e /
^ O akley ,C .A . "The Second C ity " , p . 68
X .
s i n g l e house b e in g b u i l t to r e c e iv e t h e m . T h e r e s u l t
was th e s u b - d iv i s io n o f many h ou ses f o r th e purpose o f sub
l e t t i n g and th e e s ta b l i s h m e n t o f many common lo d g in g h o u se s .
L iv in g stan d ard s d e t e r io r a t e d and Edwin Chadwick rep o rted
in 1842 t h a t "It appeared t o us th a t b o th th e s t r u c t u r a l
arrangem ents and th e c o n d i t io n s o f th e p o p u la t io n in Glasgow
were th e w orst o f any we had seen in any part o f Great B r i t
a i n S e v e r a l women were found in a house l y i n g under a
b la n k e t b ecau se o th e r s were then out o f doors w earing a l l
th e a r t i c l e s o f d r e s s b e lo n g in g to th e p a r ty .
These l i v i n g c o n d i t io n s were accompanied by a s u c c e s s io n
o f c h o le r a and typh us ep id em ics between th e y e a r s 1818 and 1866
D r.R obert P erry , commenting on the s a n i t a r y s t a t e o f Glasgow,
w rote t h a t in h i s e x p e r ie n c e th e p r e v a i l i n g ou tb reak s o f f e v e r
had one s t r i k i n g f e a t u r e - "the overcrowded s t a t e o f t h e i r
h o u s e s , f a m i l i e s o f s i x , e ig h t and ten i n d iv i d u a l s crowded
i n t o one sm a ll apartm ent w ith o u t a bed to l i e i p o n , i f we ex
c ep t perhaps a q u a n t i ty o f lo n g -u s e d straw or f i l t h y rags
e m it t in g a s te n c h o f human im p u r ity so o f f e n s i v e . . . . These
sm a ll a p artm en ts , b e in g o f t e n l e t by th e week are f i l t h y in
th e extrem e."^
The C ity C ou n c il t r i e d to remedy th e s i t u a t i o n under th e
powers c o n fe r r e d by th e N u isa n ces Removal (S c o t la n d ) A c t ,1856 ,
an d /
2 F erg u son ,T . "The Lawn o f S c o t t i s h S o c ia l W elfare", p . 58.3 O akley ,C .A . "The Second C ity " , p . 70 .* F ergu son ,T . "The Lawn o f S c o t t i s h S o c ia l W elfa re ," p . 57*
and on th e 7t h November,1857 , th e Glasgow Herald rep o rted
t h a t "During the p a s t few weeks th e p o l i c e have been busy-
c le a r in g th e crowded p a r ts o f th e c i t y o f sw in e . The per
son s ( p r i n c i p a l l y I r i s h ) summoned b e fo r e the m a g is t r a te s
were ordered to remove t h e i r p ig s w ith o u t d e la y . Many had
fo u r te e n p ig s and upwards a d ja c en t to or underneath t h e i r
d w e l l in g s and an o ld man named P eter McQuade, r e s i d i n g in
High S t r e e t , l i v e d in an apartment p a r t ly f i l l e d w ith c o a ls
and c o n t a in in g two donkeys and two p ig s ."
Poor l i v i n g c o n d i t io n s spread to th e newer areas o f the
c i t y and in 1863 D r.G airdner wrote "To meet th e r a p id ly i n
c r e a s in g demand f o r lo d g in g s by a c la n o f I r i s h la b o u re rs
and o th e r s by no means d e l i c a t e in t h e i r se n se o f d om estic
co m fo r t , a f i n e open and o r i g i n a l l y w e l l - a i r e d and p le a s a n t
modern s t r e e t has been r a p id ly con verted i n t o a s e r i e s o f
p lagu e s p o t s , which can h a rd ly be made rea so n a b ly s a f e , in5
many i n s t a n c e s by any means sh o rt o f d e m o l i t io n ."
D e m o li t io n s were s t a r t e d in 1870 under th e powers con
f e r r e d by th e C ity Improvements Act o f 1866 . The f i r s t year
saw th e homes o f 1 5 ,4 2 5 p erso n s d em o lish ed . These p erson s
were encouraged to f in d h o u ses on th e o u t s k i r t s b u i l t by
p r iv a t e b u i l d e r s . The t r u s t e e s o f th e C ity Improvement
T rust "deemed i t i m p o l i t i c to compete w ith , or in any way
d isc o u r a g e th e b u i ld in g t r a d e a n d con fin ed t h e i r a c t i v i t i e s
t o /
F ergu son ,T . "The Dawn o f S c o t t i s h S o c ia l W elfa re ," p .59«® L a id la w ,S . "Glasgow Common Lodging Houses and the P eop le
l i v i n g in them." P .23*
t o b u i ld in g a number o f C orporation "Model Lodging Houses"
t o accommodate th e s u b - te n a n ts d i s p la c e d by th e d e m o l i t io n s .
The tenem ent hou ses provided f o r th e "working c la s s e s "
by th e p r iv a t e b u i ld e r s from about 1860 onwards l a r g e l y r e
p r e se n t th e p r o p e r t i e s b e in g dem olished by th e C ou ncil a t
p r e s e n t . B u i l t o f sa n d s to n e , w ith o u t c a v i t y w a l l s or damp-
p ro of c o u r s e s , th e y c o n ta in h o u ses o f one and two apartm ents.
The h o u ses are s u p p l ie d w ith c o ld w a te r , t h i s b e in g a com
p a r a t i v e l y r e c e n t improvement in most c a s e s , but are w ith o u t
b a th s . T o i l e t s are shared between th r e e to s i x houses and
are u s u a l l y s i t u a t e d on th e s t a i r h e a d . This p r iv a t e b u i ld
in g f a i l e d to keep pace w ith th e grow ing p o p u la t io n o f th e
c i t y . The t a b l e below d em on stra tes th e r i s e in th e e x c e s s
o f p o p u la t io n over h o u s in g accommodation between 1851 and 1 8 9 1 .
Census S ep arate f a m i l i e s .In h a b ite d
h ou sesP ercen tage more f a m i l i e s than houses
1851 6 4 ,8 5 4 6 5 ,1 5 3 2 .6 21861 8 5 ,5 8 8 8 2 ,6 0 9 1 .1 71871 1 0 6 ,8 6 1 1 0 0 ,8 7 6 5 .6 01881 1 1 2 ,7 1 0 1 0 6 ,2 3 8 5 .7 41891 1 2 6 ,4 2 2 1 1 7 ,5 3 7 7 .0 3
" S t a t i s t i c s o f G lasgow ,1 8 8 5 -9 1 ” . J .N i c o l .
The b u i ld in g o f c o u n c i l h o u ses in Glasgow s t a r t e d on a
sm a ll s c a l e i n 1 8 9 9 . Most o f th e h ou ses w ith t h e i r shared
t o i l e t s and la c k o f b a th s d i f f e r e d l i t t l e from p r iv a t e b u i ld
i n g . Accommodation s ta n d ard s improved a f t e r n a t io n a l l e g i s
l a t i o n /
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l e g i s l a t i o n l a i d down minimum req u irem en ts and gave money
g r a n ts fo r r e h o u s in g f o l lo w in g th e F i r s t World War.
The numbers o f h ou ses b u i l t y e a r ly are shown in F ig .I *
Up to 1939 the m a jo r ity o f th e s e h ou ses were o f th e sem i
detached and "4- in - a - b lo c k " ty p e , u s in g up la r g e areas o f land
and g iv in g p o p u la t io n d e n s i t i e s o f l e s s than 50 persons to th e
a c r e . S ince 1945 a more economic u se has had to be made o f
the l im i t e d land a v a i la b le and th e m a jo r ity o f r e c e n t c o u n c i l
hou ses have been o f th e tenem ent typ e g iv in g p o p u la t io n d e n s i t
i e s in th e r e g io n o f 75 person s to th e a c r e . M u l t i - s t o r e y
development has been l im i t e d to th e C orporation f l a t s a t Moss
H eigh ts (1950) and th e " S c o t t i s h S p e c ia l Housing" f l a t s a t
T oryglen (1 9 5 6 -5 9 ) .
In r e c e n t y e a r s more n o t i c e has been taken o f community
needs such as ch u rch es , sh o p s , s c h o o ls and c l i n i c s in th e new
a r e a s . High d e n s i t y redevelopm ent schemes are now under way in
s e v e r a l c e n t r a l areas o f th e c i t y . Meanwhile f a m i l i e s from the
o ld a r ea s o f th e c i t y are s t i l l b e in g moved to la r g e h ou sin g
e s t a t e s on th e p er ip h ery a t E a ste r h o u se , C a s t le m ilk and Drum-
chape l and p lan s are b e in g implemented to s e t t l e o th er f a m i l i e s
o u t s id e the Glasgow a r ea .
METHOD
The p r e sen t i n v e s t i g a t i o n d e s c r ib e s th e fo r tu n e s o f fou r
hundred and tw en ty -on e f a m i l i e s taken from o ld a rea s o f G las
gow and moved to new c o u n c i l hou ses in Drumchapel. A l l t e n
an ts w i l l i n g to share in th e i n v e s t i g a t i o n were v i s i t e d .
There was no s e l e c t i o n o f th e names and a d d r e sse s su p p lie d by
the C ity F a c t o r fs Department. In form ation was c o l l e c t e d on
a wide v a r i e t y o f s u b j e c t s , b o th by q u e s t io n in g and o b s e r v a t io n .
Further in fo rm a tio n was c o l l e c t e d on two subsequent v i s i t s , s i x
months and one year a f t e r moving in t o th e new h o u se s . S t a t i s t i
c a l a n a l y s i s o f th e d ata was c a r r ie d o u t ,u s in g a l e v e l o f s i g n i
f i c a n c e o f 0 .0 5 . The main o b j e c t s were t o a s s e s s l i v i n g co n d it
io n s in th e c e n tr a l areas o f th e c i t y and to s tu d y th e problems
o f f a m i l i e s moving to new h ou ses on th e p e r ip h e r y . These pro
blems were m u lt ip le and com plex, in v o l v i n g t r a v e l l i n g to work,
th e fu r n is h in g o f la r g e r h o u s e s , h ig h er r a t e s and r e n t s and th e
s c h o o l in g o f c h i ld r e n . In some c a s e s job s had to be changed,
i n o th e r s i l l n e s s and unemployment gave r i s e to d i f f i c u l t i e s in
m a in ta in in g th e new h ou se .
In a d d it io n to a g e n e r a l survey o f the p ic tu r e p r e sen ted by
th e group o f 421 f a m i l i e s as a w h o le , e le v e n sub-groups are l i s t
ed below .
1 . F a m il ie s rehoused from 1-apartm ent tenem ent hou ses (50)
2 . F a m il ie s rehoused from 2-apartm ent tenement h ou ses ( 2 6 6 )
3 . F a m il ie s rehoused from 3-apartm ent tenem ent houses (53)
4 . F a m il ie sish e d
rehoused from b u i ld in g s about t o be dem ol-(55 )
5 . F a m il ie s rehoused from o ld e r p u b l ic a u th o r i ty houses (38)
6 . F a m il ie sd i s t i n c t
in which th e g e n e r a l home background (a s from the house) was a s s e s s e d as ’b a d 1. (44 )
7 . F a m il ie s c o n ta in in g o ld -a g e p e n s io n e r s (55)
8 . F a m il ie s c o n ta in in g on ly 1 c h i ld (90)
9 . F a m il ie s c o n ta in in g 2 c h i ld r e n (154)
1 0 . F a m il ie s c o n ta in in g 3 or more children (103)
1 1 . F a m il ie s in which 1 or more members s u f f e r e d from d i s a b i l i t i e s which secu red them p r i o r i t y in h o u s in g (35)
40%
20%
0%
? IGURE__2. Average durat ion of occupancy.
3 6 - 1%
■ jui .... .!■
p a c r
20-7% 1 9 *2% * ^
Up to 4 . 5 - 9 . 10-14 . 15 or moriYEARS.
II6URE_J. Time on CorporationHousing L i s t .
6om
40 <A
of=
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64-5 4,
H ‘9fo12-6 fo
8 *1%
NOT ON Up to 4 5-9 10-14 15 or more,housing HARSl i s t .
ANALYSIS OP THE OVERALL GROUP (421 f a m i l i e s )
The rehoused f a m i l i e s were drawn from a l l a r e a s o f th e
c i t y a lth o u g h the m a jo r ity b e longed to th e w est s id e o f th e
c i t y .
Most o f the f a m i l i e s were rehoused b ecau se t h e i r accumu
l a t i o n o f "points" ov er th e y e a r s had put them a t th e head o f
th e h ou sin g l i s t .
The average d u ra tion o f occupancy o f th e o ld hou ses was
9 .0 y e a r s . F ig . shows th e p ic tu r e i n more d e t a i l .
The average tim e f a m i l i e s had been on th e C orporation
w a i t in g l i s t fo r a house was 1 0 .3 y e a r s . Most o f th e f a m i l i e s
had been on th e l i s t f o r 10 or more y e a r s ( F ig . 3 * )• Because
o f t h i s , few o f th e t e n a n t s were r e a l l y young and none o f them
were under 20 y e a r s o f a g e . The average age was 38®5 y e a r s
and over a t h ir d o f th e t e n a n ts were aged 40 y e a r s or over
b e fo r e g e t t i n g t h e i r new hou ses ( F i g . ) .
The whole group co n ta in ed 1793 p e r s o n s , c o n s i s t i n g o f
1038 a d u l t s (5 7 .9 $ ) and 755 c h i ld r e n ( 4 2 .1 $ ) . C h ild ren were
d e f in e d as person s aged 15 y e a r s or l e s s .
The Houses
Most o f th e o ld hou ses were ten em ents ( 9 0 . 8 $ ) , d a t in g
back to th e 1 9 th c e n tu r y . In 14 c a s e s ( 3 .3 $ ) la r g e V ic to r ia n
hou ses had been s u b -d iv id e d and in 11 c a s e s (2 . 6$ ) f a m i l i e s
came from "4- in - a - b lo c k " typ e h o u ses b u i l t between the two
World Wars.
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Y E A R S 0 E A G E »
50
&
Ov
er
f
14
-5
%
60 io
PIGHRIL5• S iz e o f house 64*5^
40#
20#14-3#
i
15 *096
4*5#o I - 7 ‘
I-Apt 2-Apt 35—Apt 4-Apt 5—Apt S iz e o f House.
MGURE.5 • Persons £ e r room 60$ 56*3$
401o
20*p
0
25 *9$
10- 2#I 5*0$
2 * 6 '
Up to I I f - 2 2+-3 3 f - 4 Over 4 Persons per room.
P ig . 5 * shows the p r o p o r t io n s o f houses o f d i f f e r e n t
s i z e s ; 64*5$ o f the h ou ses were o f two apartm ents ("room and
k i t c h e n " ) .
Two hundred and tw en ty -on e (5 2 .5 $ ) o f th e hou ses had t h e i r
own t o i l e t . In th e rem ainder th e t o i l e t was shared between
th r e e to s i x t e n a n t s .
Only 1 7 .6 $ o f th e h o u ses had runn ing hot w ater and o n ly
1 7 . 1$ had b a th s .
Overcrowding
Overcrowding to th e e x te n t o f more than 2 p ersons per
room was p r e sen t in 3 3 .5 $ o f th e h o u s e s . Overcrowding o f
over 3 p erso n s per room was p r e se n t in 7 . 6$ o f th e houses
(pig* t . )•
Overcrowding o f s l e e p in g accommodation occu rred in 1 2 .1 $
o f th e h o u se s . T his r e p r e se n te d 51 hou ses in which more than
one person s l e p t in a s i n g l e bed or more than two persons s l e p t
in a double bed .
The Tenants
The s o c i a l c l a s s o f th e t e n a n ts a ccord in g to th e R e g is t r a r
G en er a l’ s c l a s s i f i c a t i o n was a s c e r t a in e d in 383 c a s e s . The
m a jo r ity o f th e te n a n ts were s k i l l e d or s e m i - s k i l l e d (C la s s e s
I I I and I V ) ( P i g . X ) .
The te n a n ts were asked t h e i r o p in io n s on th e d i s t r i c t s
th ey l i v e d in and in 5 5 . 3$ o f c a se s th e t e n a n ts d e f i n i t e l y
l ik e d th e o ld d i s t r i c t , in 3 0 . 4$ o f c a s e s t h e y ' d e f i n i t e l y d i s
l ik e d th e o ld d i s t r i c t , and th e rem ain ing 1 4 .3 $ were "reserved"
about i t . Common rea so n s f o r d is l ik in g the c e n tr a l a rea s o f
t h e /
SOCIAL CLASS. (Husbands) 40*5$
35-2%
II I I I IV S o c i a l C l a s s .
60$ PIGURE_8 Average Weekly Rent & R a te s .
5 0 *3 $
40$
20$
0 $
1 2 *5 $
0 -0$
2 0 -8$
9 *6$
2*9$ 3*9$
Xin o inl-l i—io 1 l-p i*
\ OP a inP> i-i
io 'C\JI
-hL T V
IinC M
I4*oC M
IomI
inCM
Otn
<D>o
Rent & Rates ( S h i l l i n g s )
th e c i t y were th e la c k o f p la y in g f a c i l i t i e s fo r c h i ld r e n
and th e dangers o f busy r o a d s . A freq u en t com plaint was
t h a t the ’’d ecen t f o l k ” were moving out o f th e area to new
h o u ses and th e people r e p la c in g them damaged th e h ou ses and
d i r t i e d th e c l o s e s . Many p a ren ts were f r ig h t e n e d to l e t
t h e i r c h i ld r e n out in th e e v e n in g s because o f drunkenness
and f i g h t s amongst th e ’’new” n e ig h b o u r s .
Most o f the t e n a n t s ( 9 1 .2 $ ) ren ted t h e i r h ou ses and
o n ly 13 ( 3*1$) owned them. In 24 c a se s (5*7$) the f a c t o r s
had abandoned th e h o u ses and th e t e n a n ts pa id r a t e s but no
r e n t .
The average w eek ly sum paid in r a t e s and r e n t was 15/ 4d .
T h is r e p r e s e n t s approx im ate ly 5 / l d a week in r e n t and 1 0 /3
a week in r a t e s at th e p resen t t im e in Glasgow. Of th e 384
t e n a n t s p ay in g both r a t e s and r e n t , o n ly 1 6 .4 $ were paying
over 2 0 / - a week ( F ig . £ . ) . The low r e n t s were matched by
th e poor accommodation th e h ou ses provided and 4 3 . 2$ o f th e
t e n a n ts f e l t th ey were paying to o h igh a r e n t . The d i f f e r
ence between r a t e s and r en t was n o t c l e a r l y a p p r e c ia te d by
many o f th e t e n a n t s .
The work reco rd o f th e p r i n c ip a l ten a n t o f each house
over th e p r e v io u s two y e a r s was n o te d . Only 8 .1 $ had h e ld
no job d u rin g t h i s p e r io d and 7 3 . 8$ had been in one job con
t i n u o u s l y , 1 4 .3 $ had h e l d >two jo b s and 3 . 8$ had h e ld 3 or
more jjobs.
The t o t a l number o f wage e a rn ers in th e 421 h o u se s was
6 3 1 , /
Zi§URE__2* Wage-earne r s ner House
Wage- earners jDer House
FIGURE_IO.T o ta l net weekly income _pei
47*0^ household
EH 'Z.hlX Income
6 31 9 g iv in g an average o f 1 .5 0 wage ea rn ers per h o u se .
P i g . g i v e s the d i s t r i b u t i o n o f wage earn ers in th e
h o u s e s .
One hundred and two out o f 379 hou sew ives were work
in g ( 2 6 .9 $ ) •
The e a se w ith which th e p r in c ip a l te n a n t reached h i s
work was recorded in 367 c a s e s and i f th e t r a v e l l i n g tim e
in v o lv e d d id not exceed 15 m inutes th e job was regarded as
b e in g w ith in "easy rea ch " . Up to 40 m inutes i t was r e
garded as b e in g w ith in " f a i r l y easy reach" and any tim e be
yond t h i s $s d i f f i c u l t .
Almost o n e - th ir d o f th e job s (3 0 .5 $ ) were w ith in easy
re a c h , 4 8 .0 $ were w ith in f a i r l y easy r ea c h and 2 1 . 5$ were
d i f f i c u l t to g e t t o .
In come
The t o t a l n e t income o f th e h o u seh o ld s was reco rd ed ,
in c lu d in g c h i ld r e n ' s a l lo w a n c e s , p e n s io n s and o th e r b e n e f i t s .
The average weekly income was £13; 19; Id per household or
65/6d per head . Very few h ou seh o ld s ( 2 .9 $ ) had an income
o f £5 a week or l e s s and 3 5 . 4$ had an income o f over £15
per week ( P i g . i o . ) .
Pour hundred and s i x o f the f a m i l i e s paid in su r a n c e s
f o r th e m se lv e s and t h e i r c h i ld r e n (9 6 $ ) . The average w eek ly
sum per hou sehold was 7/ l d ( P ig . U . ) . These in su r a n c e s
remained p r a c t i c a l l y c o n sta n t throughout th e th r e e v i s i t s .
Savings
Two hundred and t h i r t y - o n e o f th e f a m i l i e s ( 5 4 .9 $ ) had
p u t /
FIGURE_II.Weekly insurance payments
22* 4 ^ 0 T . d o t o o .
Weekly Payments. ( S h i l l i n g s )
FIGURE 12 S a v in g s . (135 F a m il ie s )
Amounts saved
FIGURE^IJ. Hire Purchase Commitments
/ ( i U i 1 1 e s )
Weekly payments
Checks &-.ClubsFIGURE_J435-6^
(115 IPiSiiips)
eekly' payments
put by sa v in g s in p rep aration fo r moving in to a new
h ou se . Of th e se 251 f a m i l i e s 96 (41 m6f°) were u n w il l
ing to s t a t e the amount saved , but the rem aining 135
gave f i g u r e s v a ry in g between £5 and £50 0 . F ig .# a .sh o w s
the d i s t r i b u t io n o f sa v in g s between th e se 135 f a m i l i e s .
Hire Purchase
One hundred and t h ir t e e n (26*8$) o f the hou sehold s
had h ir e purchase commitments. The average weekly pay-
ment over th e se hou sehold s was 15 /6 ( F i g . l i ) .
Checks and Clubs
Checks and c lu b s fo r buying sm all item s such as c lo t h
ing were h e ld by 115 (27*3%) o f the h o u se h o ld s . The aver
age weekly payment over th e se h ou sehold s was 10/4^ ( F ig . )
Standard o f Management
Luring the v i s i t s the standard o f management o f the
houses was a s s e s s e d as "good", " fa ir " , "poor” or "bad".
T w o-th irds o f the houses were w e l l kept ( F ig . 1 3 ) .
R e c r e a t io n s
The main p le a su r e s o f husbands and w ives were record
ed in 377 c a s e s . T e le v i s io n was the commonest p leasu re
both o f husbands and w iv e s , f o o t b a l l coming second with
the husbands and k n i t t i n g w ith the w iv e s . Table I . shows
the p ic tu r e in more d e t a i l .
FIG URE^ 6 6 •
Assessm ent o f managemento f house
Good f a i r Poor Bad A ssessm en t.
T f t B L£ I . MAIH PLEASURES
Husbands (377) Wives (377)
T e le v i s i o n 117 (31$) T e le v i s io n 119 (32$)F o o tb a l l 60 (16$) K n it t in g 83 ( 22$ )Reading 38 ( 10$ Cinema 36 ( 10$)G olf 17 (5$) R eading 32 (9$Walking 15 (4$) Sewing 17 (5$)
Walking 17 (5$)
" Handyman " 12 Women*s Guild . 11Gardening 11 Dancing 9Bowls 10 W ir e le s s 6D r iv in g 10 D r iv in g 4Cinema 10"Drinking" 8P la y in g musical
in s tr u m e n ts& s in g in g 7
Masonic meetin g s 6
W ir e le s s 5T e r r i t o r i a l
Army 5P is h in g 4C y c lin g 4
10 husbands were unable 18 w iv e s were unable toto name any r e c r e a t io n name any r e c r e a t io n
M is c e l la n e o u s 28 M isc e l la n e o u s 25
Apart from r e c r e a t io n s o b v io u s ly r e l a t e d to one sex or
th e o th er such as f o o t b a l l or k n i t t i n g , one r e c r e a t i o n , namely
th e cinema, which was shared f a i r l y e q u a l ly u n t i l r e c e n t y ea rs
has now become the p le a su r e o f s i g n i f i c a n t l y more w iv e s than
husbands ( /\ = 1 5 .65 P < 0 . 0 0 1 ) . This probably r e f l e c t s th e
need o f th e hou sew ife to g e t away from th e home now and again
f o r her amusements. Three hundred and e ig h te e n h ou seh o ld s
( 7 5 . 5$) had televis ion s e t s .
Three h ou seh o ld s o n ly had r e f r i g e r a t o r s and two o f th e s e
w e r e /
were Local A u th o r ity p r e fa b r ic a te d houses in which a r e f r i g e r
a to r i s a b u i l t - i n f i t m e n t . , The t h ir d case was a fa m ily in
which th e w ife worked in a f ish m o n g e r ’s shop and was w e l l aware
o f th e va lu e o f c h i l l i n g fo o d . None o f th e hou ses had e l e c t r i c
immersion h e a t e r s , but some te n a n ts had i n s t a l l e d gas a p p lia n c e s
f o r h e a t in g sm a ll q u a n t i t i e s o f w a te r .
E ig h ty -n in e o f th e t e n a n ts (2 1 .1 $ ) had washing m achines,
t w e n t y - f iv e ( 5 .:9$ ) had t e le p h o n e s and 43 owned cars (1 0 . 2$ ) .
I l l n e s s e s
N in e ty - fo u r out o f th e 405 f a m i l i e s which co n ta in ed more
than one person (2 3 .2 $ ) were r e g i s t e r e d w ith two or more m ed ica l
p r a c t i t i o n e r s working s e p a r a t e ly . The ten d en cy was fo r the
husbands and w iv es to r e t a i n t h e i r o ld d o c to r s a f t e r m arr iage .
In most c a s e s th e c h i ld r e n were under th e care o f th e w iv e s '
d o c t o r s . T h is p ic tu r e d id not vary to any s i g n i f i c a n t e x te n t
over th e e le v e n su b -g ro u p s .
A record was made o f any p a s t i l l n e s s e s l i k e l y t o cause
t r o u b le or d i s a b i l i t y in th e f u t u r e . These were record ed as
" s e r io u s i l l n e s s e s " and in c lu d e d such c o n d i t io n s as t u b e r c u lo s i s
rheum atic f e v e r and p e p t ic u l c e r . Out o f a t o t a l o f 1793 per
s o n s , 156 gave a h i s t o r y o f " se r io u s i l l n e s s " in the p ast (8 . 7$)
E leven o f th e s e c a se s were drawn from th e 755 c h i ld r e n in the
group ( l o 5 $ ) o The rem ain ing 145 c a s e s in v o lv e d a d u l t s , a f i g
ure e q u iv a le n t to 1 4 .0 $ o f th e 1038 in v o lv e d .
T h e /
The 156 p erson s (w ith a h i s t o r y o f " ser io u s i l l n e s s "
in th e p a s t ) came from 148 h o u se h o ld s . In o th e r words
3 5 .2 $ o f th e h ou seh o ld s co n ta in ed one o f th e se p e r so n s . In
most o f the c a s e s where a household h e ld two p erson s w ith a
h i s t o r y o f " ser io u s i l l n e s s " th e c o n d it io n was t u b e r c u l o s i s .
A dm issions to h o s p i t a l durin g th e 6 months p reced in g
th e commencement o f th e stu dy were record ed and numbered 7 9 ,
an o v e r - a l l p ro p o r tio n o f 4 . 4$ , made up o f 25 c h i ld r e n and
54 a d u l t s , th a t i s 3 . 3$ o f th e c h i ld r e n and 5 . 2$ o f the
a d u l t s •
The natu re and e x te n t o f th e demand on g e n e r a l p r a c t i t
io n e r s 1 s e r v i c e s was reco rd ed .
Two hundred and s e v e n t y - t h r e e p erso n s made 851 v i s i t s
to th e su rgery over th e s ix -m o n th p er io d b e fo r e r e h o u s in g .
In o th e r words 1 5 .2 $ o f th e p eop le v i s i t e d th e su rvery over
th e s ix -m o n th p e r io d . A dults r a th e r than c h i ld r e n v i s i t e d
th e su r g e r y , th e r e b e in g 695 v i s i t s made by 177 a d u lt s as
a g a in s t 156 v i s i t s made by 96 c h i ld r e n . The p ercen ta ge o f
th e a d u l t s go in g to the su rg ery over th e s i x months was 1 7 .1
and th e p ercen tag e o f th e c h i ld r e n g o in g to th e surgery was
1 2 .7 . T h is d i f f e r e n c e was s i g n i f i c a n t ( Y = 6 .3 7 P < 0 . 0 2 ) .
The nature o f th e v i s i t s i s ta b u la te d b e lo w .
C hild V i s i t s (1 5 6 )
1 . I n f e c t i o u s C on d it ion s - 47 (3 0 .1 $ )
"Colds", " in f lu e n z a ” , "d iarrhoea" , t o n s i l l i t i s , ehickenpox and m e a s le s .
2o Im m unisations - 37 (2 3 .7 $ )
P o l i o m y e l i t i s ( 3 1 ) , sm allpox ( 3 ) , d ip h t h e r ia and whoopin g cough ( 2 ) , t u b e r c u lo s i s ( 1 ) .
3 . Late e f f e c t s o f r e s p ir a t o r y t r a c t i n f e c t i o n s 23 ("chron ic coughs" and " b r o n c h i t i s " .)
4 . Skin c o n d it io n s 19 .
5 . Minor i n j u r i e s 6 .
6 . V arious c o n d it io n s 24 . These c a s e s broke down in t o very sm all numbers, and in many c a se s a d ia g n o s i s was absen t or o b scu re .
Adult V i s i t s (695)
1 . A n te -n a ta l care - 121 (1 7 .4 $ )
2 . D is e a s e s o f m uscles and j o i n t s - 83 (1 1 .9 $ )
3. R e sp ir a to r y t r a c t d i s e a s e s - 75 ( 1 0 .8 $ )
4 . R ou tin e p r e s c r ip t io n s - 67 ( 9 .6 $ )
A n t i - t u b e r c u lo s i s d ru g s , d i g i t a l i s , i n s u l i n , " to n ic s" , " sed a t iv e s" and "slimming t a b l e t s " .
5 . D is e a s e s o f th e c a r d io v a s c u la r system - 61 ( 8 .8 $ )
6 . V i s i t s f o r " s ick l i n e s " (second or f i n a l c e r t i f i c a t e s ) n ot in v o lv in g exam ination o f th e p a t ie n t - 60 ( S . 6 $ ) .
7 . Various C o n d it io n s - 228 .
These v i s i t s broke down in t o very sm all numbers and in many c a se s a d ia g n o s i s was absen t or o b scu re .
G a lls to th e house by th e g e n e ra l p r a c t i t i o n e r s numbered
410 and were made to 216 p erson s or 1 2 .1 $ o f th e p e o p le . One
hundred and n in e ty v i s i t s were made to 131 c h i ld r e n and 220
v i s i t s were made to 85 a d u l t s . A h ig h e r p rop ortion of th e c h i ld
ren were v i s i t e d than a d u l t s , 1 7 .4 $ as a g a in s t 8 .2 $ r e s p e c t i v e l y .
This d i f f e r e n c e i s s i g n i f i c a n t ( V = 34«8 P < . 0 .0 0 1 ) .
The natu re o f th e home v i s i t s i s ta b u la te d be low .
V i s i t s /
»6 .V i s i t s to C hildren (190)
1 . I n f e c t io u s D ise a se s - 154 ( 8 1 .1 $ )
M easles ( 5 0 ) , " in f lu en za" ( 2 5 ) , "colds" ( 2 3 ) , "pneumonia" (23) and t o n s i l l i t i s (1 4 ) . The rem ain ing v i s i t s co ver ed a la r g e number o f c o n d i t io n s in c lu d in g s c a r l e t f e v e r , ch ick en pox , whooping cough and mumps.
2 . R e s id u a l b r o n c h i t i s f o l lo w in g acute i n f e c t i o u s i l l n e s s e s - 8 (4 . 2$).
The rem ain ing 28 v i s i t s covered a wide v a r i e t y o f c o n d i t
io n s in c lu d in g sk in d i s e a s e s and " te e th in g t r o u b le s " .
V i s i t s to Adults (220)
1 . D is e a s e s o f th e r e s p ir a t o r y system - 84 (3 8 .2 $ )
2 . D is e a s e s o f th e c a r d io v a s c u la r system - 46 ( 2 0 .9 $ )
3 . M atern ity work - 39 (1 7 .7 $ )
4 . D is e a s e s o f m uscles and j o i n t s - 21 (9 .6 ,$)
The rem ain ing 30 v i s i t s covered a wide v a r ie t y o f c o n d it
io n s and in many c a se s a d ia g n o s i s was ab sen t or o b scu re .
Pregnancy
Twenty-two out o f 379 h ou sew ives were pregnant ( 5 . 8 $ ) . Of
t h e s e , 20 were r e c e i v in g a n t e - n a t a l c a r e , 12 from t h e i r own
d o c to r , 5 from Local A u th o r ity c l i n i c s and 3 from h o s p i t a l a n te
n a t a l c l i n i c s .
EXAMINATION OP THE ELEVEN SUB-GROUPS
COMPARISON OP FAMILIES COMING PROM -
1-apartm ent tenement h ou ses (5-0 c a s e s )2-apartm ent tenement h o u ses (266 c a s e s )
& 3-apartm ent tenement hou ses (53 c a s e s )
The sm a ll tenement houses were regarded as co m p a ra tiv e ly
temporary accommodation by most ten a n ts^ and, on th e w h o le ,th e
t e n a n ts in th e s e hou ses were younger than the t e n a n ts o f th e
l a r g e r h o u se s .^
' The p o l i c y adopted by th e L ocal A u th or ity o f d e a l in g f i r s t
w ith the sm a ll su b-stand ard h o u ses in th e c i t y was r e f l e c t e d by
th e sh o r te r average tim e the te n a n ts o f th e 1-apartm ent h ou ses
sp en t on the w a i t i n g - l i s t , as compared w ith t e n a n t s o f th e 2 and3
3-apartm ent h o u se s .
The p rop ortion o f a d u lt s t o c h i ld r e n was app rox im ate ly
1 4 i l l r e s p e c t i v e l y , and showed l i t t l e v a r ia t i o n between the three4
groups in s p i t e o f th e d i f f e r e n c e s in average age o f th e t e n a n t a
The Houses
P u l l j u s t i f i c a t i o n was found fo r th e p o l i c y o f d e a l in g w ith
th e sm a ll hou ses f i r s t . In g e n e r a l , th e sm a lle r th e h o u se ,th e
poorer i t s f a c i l i t i e s in r e s p e c t o f s e p a r a te t o i l e t s , baths and
running h o t w a te r . None o f th e 1-apartm ent tenem ent hou ses
had b a th s or running hot w ater and 24$ o n ly had t h e i r own t o i l
e t s . Most o f the 3-apartm ent tenement houses had t h e i r own5
t o i l e t but r a th e r l e s s than h a l f had b a th s or runn ing hot w a te r .
O vercrowding/
Appendix I , Table 1 . i Appendix I , Table 4 . Appendix I , Table 2 . 5 Appendix I , Table 5 .
5 Appendix I , Table 3•
19 ,
Overcrowding was more marked in th e sm a ll hou ses than in
th e la r g e r o n e s . Overcrowding to the e x te n t o f over th r e e
person s to th e room did not occu r in th e 3-apartm ent houses and
was ra re in the 2-apartm ent h o u se s , but a lm ost a h a l f o f th e
1-apartm ent houses were overcrowded t o t h i s e x t e n t .^ Over
crowding o f s l e e p in g accommodation was a l s o more common in th e
sm a ll hou ses and whereas p ersons s l e p t more than one to a s i n g l e
bed or more than two to a double bed in about a t e n t h on ly o f
th e 2 and 3-apartm ent h o u se s , th e y s l e p t in such c o n d i t io n s in7
over a q u a rte r o f th e 1-apartm ent h o u se s .
The Tenants
The s o c i a l c l a s s o f th e t e n a n t s was to some e x te n t r e l a t e d
t o th e s i z e o f house o c cu p ied . The sm a l le r hou ses h e ld a
g r e a t e r p ro p o r tio n o f s e m i - s k i l l e d and u n s k i l l e d t e n a n t s thanQ
th e la r g e r h o u se s . Although t h e s e d i f f e r e n c e s were not s t a t
i s t i c a l l y s i g n i f i c a n t , th e r e was some su g g e s t io n th a t the
d i f f e r e n c e between th e t e n a n ts o f 1 -apartm ent and 3-apartm ent9
h ou ses was n o t f o r t u i t o u s .
Most o f th e houses were r e n te d , but a co m p arative ly la r g e
p ro p o r tio n o f the 1-apartm ent h o u ses had been abandoned by th e
f a c t o r s and th e t e n a n ts in t h e s e houses were o b l ig e d to pay
r a t e s o n ly . A few o f th e s m a l le r hou ses were owned but a l l the
3-apartm ent hou ses were r e n te d .
6 Appendix I , Table 6 . • Appendix I , Table 7 . ® Appendix I , Table 8 .
9Appendix I , Table 9* Appendix I , Table 10 .
/ ? .The average w eek ly sum paid in r e n t and r a t e s was depend
en t upon th e s i z e o f house"^ and a lth ou gh th e r e n t s were h ig h er
in th e l a r g e r h o u se s , few er o f the te n a n ts regarded them as 12e x c e s s i v e . I t seemed t h a t , g iv e n the c h o ic e , t e n a n t s would
r a th e r pay more money and have a b ig g e r h ou se , in d eed in many
c a s e s t e n a n t s f e l t th a t any sum a t a l l sp en t on r e n t and r a t e s
f o r th e sm a lle r h ou ses was e x c e s s i v e .
The average number o f w age-earn ers per h ou sehold was
s l i g h t l y h ig h e r in th e 2-apart.ment houses than in th e 1 and133-apartm ent h o u se s , and whereas over a quarter o f th e hou se
w iv e s went out to work in th e 1 and 2-apartm ent h o u se s , l e s s14than a t e n t h did so in th e 3-apartm ent h o u se s . T h is d i f f e r
ence was probably r e la t e d to th e g r e a te r average age o f th e
h ou sew iv es in th e 3-apartm ent h o u se s .
G ett in g to work from the 3-apartm ent hou ses to o k lo n g e r on
th e a v e ra g e , than g e t t i n g to work from th e 1 and 2-apartm ent 15h o u s e s . The 3-apartm ent h o u ses in Glasgow ten d to be near
th e p er ip h ery o f th e c i t y and are o f t e n C ou n cil tenem ents b u i l t
a f t e r the F i r s t World War whereas th e 1 and 2-apartm ent houses
l i e in the c e n t r a l a r ea s o f th e c i t y , grouped around th e main
c o n c e n tr a t io n s o f in d u s t r y . The sm a lle r hou ses are m ostly
V ic to r ia n and indeed are r e l i c s o f th e days when p u b l ic t r a n s
p ort was l e s s e f f i c i e n t and most peop le walked to work.
Incom e/
1 Appendix I , Table 11 . _ Appendix I , Table 14 .12 Appendix I , Table 1 2 . 15 Appendix I , Table 1 5 .15 Appendix I , Table 13 .
0 - 0 .
Income
The average n e t w eekly incom es per household and per head
in c lu d in g c h i l d r e n ’s a llow an ces and o th er b e n e f i t s are shown
b e low .
Average n e t weekly income Per hou sehold Per head
1-apartm ent houses £10 - 18 - 2d 64/7 a
2-apartm ent hou ses £13 - 12 - 6d 66/9cl
3-apartm ent hou ses £15 - 13 - Od 60/9d
These f i g u r e s r e f l e c t th e la r g e r number o f persons found
in th e la r g e r houses and th e la r g e p rop o rtio n o f w age-earn ers
d o in g u n s k i l l e d and s e m i - s k i l l e d work in th e sm a l le r h o u s e s .
In su ra n ces and Savings
N ear ly a l l o f th e f a m i l i e s in th e th r e e groups paid weekly
in s u r a n c e s , but the average payments were g r e a te r in th e c a se16o f th e te n a n ts o f 2-apartm ent h o u se s .
A s l i g h t l y h igh er p rop o rtio n o f t e n a n ts o f th e la r g e r
hou ses had put by sa v in g s in p r e p a r a t io n f o r moving in t o a new
house than had te n a n ts in th e sm a lle r h o u se s . The t e n a n t s o f
th e la r g e r h ou ses were r a th e r l e s s w i l l i n g to s t a t e th e amounts17saved than th e te n a n ts o f the sm a l le r h o u se s .
Hire Purchase
H ire purchase commitments were more common amongst th e t e n
a n ts o f 1 and 2-apartm ent houses than amongst th e t e n a n ts o f183-apartm ent h o u se s . These f in d in g s r e f l e c t the d i f f e r e n t
a v e r a g e /
Appendix I , Table 1 6 . Appendix I , Table 17*
Appendix I , Table 18«
V .I .
average ages o f th e groups in t h a t th e t e n a n ts o f th e sm a lle r
h o u ses were s t i l l in the p r o c ess o f s e t t in g - u p house and buying
f u r n i t u r e and o th er a r t i c l e s . The average weekly payments over
th e groups f o r th o s e f a m i l i e s w ith commitments v a r ie d o n ly 19s l i g h t l y .
Checks and Olubs
J u s t over a q u arter o f th e h ou seh o ld s h e ld checks or c lu b s
and th e average weekly payment was in th e r e g io n o f 1 1 / - . There
were no s i g n i f i c a n t d i f f e r e n c e s between th e 3 groups in t h e s e
r e s p e c t s . ^
Standard o f Management
Rather more o f th e la r g e r h o u ses were w e l l - k e p t than th e 21sm a ll o n e s , but th e d i f f e r e n c e s were sm a ll and cou ld probab ly
be r e l a t e d to th e g r e a te r s t r a i n o f k ee p in g overcrowded h ou ses
in good o r d e r . I t has a lre a d y been n o ted th a t overcrow ding was
more marked in th e sm all h o u se s .
The ownership o f t e l e v i s i o n s e t s and washing m achines was22
l e s s common in th e 1-apartm ent h o u ses than in the l a r g e r h o u se s .
S im ila r f i n d in g s occurred in r e l a t i o n t o te le p h o n e s and cars23but th e d i f f e r e n c e s were l e s s marked.
I l l n e s s e s
A h i s t o r y o f Ms e r io u s i l l n e s s " in th e p a s t occu rred more
f r e q u e n t ly amongst the t e n a n ts o f 1 -apartm ent hou ses than24amongst th e t e n a n ts o f th e la r g e r h o u se s . This e x c e s s o f
s e r i o u s /
Appendix I , Table 18 . Appendix I , Table 19*
21 Appendix I , Table 2 0 .
Appendix I , Table 21 .23 Appendix I , Table 21 .24 Appendix I , Table 22 .
3LX ,25s e r io u s i l l n e s s f e l l e n t i r e l y upon the a d u l t s .
The number o f p erson s adm itted to h o s p i t a l d u rin g th eP66-month p er iod b e fo re r e h o u s in g , and the number o f persons
27c a l l i n g th e d o c to r out to th e house did not d i f f e r t o any
g r e a t e x te n t between the 3 grou p s. On th e o th er hand s l i g h t l y
more persons from th e sm a ll hou ses went to d o c t o r s 1 s u r g e r ie s
d u r in g t h i s p er iod and th e e x c e s s was e n t i r e l y c o n f in e d t o th e 28a d u l t s . The e x p la n a t io n o f t h i s s i t u a t i o n probably l i e s in
th e h ig h er in c id e n c e o f s e r io u s i l l n e s s a lread y n o te d amongst
th e t e n a n ts o f th e 1-apartm ent h o u ses and in a s l i g h t l y h ig h er
in c id e n c e o f pregnancy in th e h ou sew iv es o f t h i s group n e c e s s i -29
t a t i n g v i s i t s to th e su rgery f o r a n t e - n a t a l c a r e .
\ Appendix I , Table 22 . Appendix I , Table 23*
27 Appendix I , Table 24 .28 Appendix I , Table 25*29 Appendix I , Table 26 .
FAMILIES REHOUSED FROM BUILDINGS ABOUT TO BE DEMOLISHED (55 cases)
(The f in d in g s fo r t h i s group are compared here w ith th e
f in d in g s f o r the o v e r a l l group which has been used as a c o n t r o l ) .
The hou ses in t h i s group were a l l tenem ents and, f o r th e
most p a r t , dated back to m id -V ic to r ia n t im e s . The b u i ld in g s
th e m se lv e s were d e c r e p i t and in a few c a s e s were o b v io u s ly
d an gerous . The average d u ra t io n o f occupancy o f th e houses
was sh o r te r than f o r th e c o n tr o l group^* and a h ig h p ro p o r t io n2
o f th e t e n a n t s were n ot on the C orporation h ou sin g l i s t . Those
te n a n ts who were on th e l i s t had w a ited f o r a s h o r te r p er iod o f3
tim e than th e c o n tr o l group.
On th e w h ole , th e t e n a n ts from th e hou ses due f o r d e m o lit io n4
were s l i g h t l y younger than th e te n a n ts from the c o n t r o l group.
The group con ta in ed 186 p e r so n s , c o n s i s t i n g o f 111 a d u l t s
( 5 9 .7 $ ) and 75 c h i ld r e n ( 4 0 .3 # ) .
The Houses
The h o u ses due f o r d e m o l i t io n were i n f e r i o r to th e c o n tr o l5
group in r e s p e c t o f s i z e , t o i l e t f a c i l i t i e s , b a th s and running 6
hot w a te r . They were not overcrowded in terms o f persons per
room or s l e e p in g accommodation to any s i g n i f i c a n t l y g r e a te r e x -7 8 9t e n t than th e c o n tr o l group ’ but th ey were l e s s w e l l managed.
T h e /wmmmmmrn
i; Appendix I I , Table 1 . Appendix I I , Table 6 . Appendix I I , Table 2 . ' Appendix I I , Table 7 . Appendix I I , Table 3 . Appendix I I , Table 8 .
4 Appendix I I , Table 4 . 9 Appendix I \ Table 9 .5 Appendix I I , Table 5 .
The Tenants
A r e l a t i v e l y h ig h p ro p ortion o f te n a n ts were employed in 10
u n s k i l l e d work and th e group had a d i s t i n c t l y poorer work r e
cord in term s o f c o n t in u i t y o f employment over th e p r e v io u s 2 11y e a r s .
A com p arative ly h igh p ro p ortion o f te n a n ts d i s l i k e d th e12
a rea s th e y l i v e d in as compared w ith th e c o n tr o l group. A13h ig h p ro p o r t io n o f th e hou ses had "been abandoned by th e f a c t o r s
and in th o s e c a se s where t e n a n t s s t i l l paid b oth r e n t and r a t e s ,
th e a v erag e w eek ly sum was l e s s than f o r the c o n t r o l g r o u p . ^
The group coming from hou ses due fo r d e m o lit io n co n ta in ed
76 w a g e -e a r n e r s , an average o f 1 .3 8 w a g e-earn ers per h o u se . M1«5
h igh p ro p o r tio n o f th e w ives were g o in g out to work.
The average net w eekly income per head la y c lo s e to the
c o n tr o l average but th e average w eek ly income per hou sehold was
r a th e r l e s s . ^ ^
The te n a n ts in t h i s group e x p e r ien ce d l e s s d i f f i c u l t y in1 7g e t t i n g to work than th e c o n t r o l group. The h o u ses were
alm ost w ith o u t e x c e p t io n in th e most c e n t r a l areas and la y c lo s e
to the o ld e r e s t a b l i s h e d i n d u s t r i e s o f th e c i t y .1 8Fewer o f the f a m i l i e s had s a v in g s , and more had h ir e pur-
19 20 chase commitments and checks and c lu b s , than th e c o n tr o l
group. The average weekly sum paid f o r h ir e purchase was low er
t h a n /
10 Appendix I I , Table 10 . Appendix I I , Table 11 .
12 Appendix I I , Table 12 . 1* Appendix I I , Table 13 . 14 Appendix H , Table 1 4 .
Appendix I I , Table 15 . 1° Appendix I I , Table 16 .17 Appendix I I , Table 1 7 .18 Appendix I I , Table 18 .19 Appendix I I , Table 1 9 .20 Appendix I I , Table 20.
X s .
21than th e c o n t r o l f i g u r e , but th e sum paid f o r check s and
22c lu b s was much the same.
None o f th e h ou ses due f o r d e m o lit io n c o n ta in e d te le p h o n e s
and few er than in th e c o n tr o l group co n ta in ed t e l e v i s i o n s e t s. 2 3
or w ashing m achines. The p rop ortion o f car owners d i f f e r e d24l i t t l e from th e c o n tr o l group.
L iv in g in su b -stan d ard b u i ld in g s due f o r d e m o lit io n appeared
to have l i t t l e e f f e c t upon the h e a l t h o f the f a m i l i e s as measured25by th e in c id e n c e o f s e r io u s i l l n e s s in th e p a s t , h o s p i t a l
26a d m iss ion s during th e 6-month p er io d b e fo re r eh o u s in g and p e r -27
so n s c a l l i n g t h e i r d o c to r out to th e house over th e same p e r io d .
An e x c e s s was noted in th e number o f a d u l t s v i s i t i n g t h e i r d o c t -28o r s * s u r g e r i e s , but t h i s was probably r e la t e d t o th e r e l a t i v e l y
h ig h in c id e n c e o f pregnancy amongst th e hou sew ives and r e p r e s e n t -pq
ed a n t e - n a t a l c a r e .
Appendix I I , Table 19#22 Appendix I I , Table 20 .23 Appendix I I , Table 21 . p i Appendix I I , Table 21 . ^ Appendix I I , Table 22. 2° Appendix I I , Table 23 .
o l Appendix I I , Table 2 4 . Appendix I I , Table 2 5 . Appendix I I , Table 2 6 .
FAMILIES REHOUSED FROM OLDER HJBLIC AUTHORITY HOUSES (38 c a s e s )
The t e n a n ts b e in g rehoused in t h i s group w ere , f o r th e
most p a r t , e i t h e r th e grown-up sons and daughters o f th e t e n
a n ts o f th e o ld e r p u b lic a u t h o r i ty h o u se s , or su b - te n a n ts l i v
in g in a s i n g le room f o r which they o f t e n paid more than th e
t o t a l r a t e s and r e n t o f th e h o u se . Their average age and the
average tim e th e y had spent on th e hou sin g l i s t la y c lo s e to1 2th e c o n t r o l f i g u r e s . 9
The t o t a l numbers o f persons l i v i n g in th e o ld e r p u b l ic
a u th o r i t y hou ses was 223, c o n s i s t i n g o f 146 a d u l t s ( 6 6 .4 $ ) and
77 c h i ld r e n ( 3 3 .6 $ ) .
The Houses
The h ou ses were o f a h ig h standard and a l l co n ta in ed t h e i r
own t o i l e t s and bathrooms. For th e most part th e hou ses were
la r g e r than in the c o n tr o l group. Overcrowding o f rooms and
s l e e p i n g accommodation was on ly s l i g h t l y l e s s than in th e control
and r e f l e c t e d th e frequ en cy w ith which r e l a t i v e s or su b - te n a n ts4 , 5
were found in th e s e h o u se s . In many c a s e s the m arried sons
or dau gh ters o f c o u n c i l house t e n a n ts would r a th e r l i v e and
s t a r t a fa m ily in t h e i r p a r e n t s ’ h ou se , o f f - s e t t i n g the d i s
advantage o f overcrow ding by th e advantage o f a b a th r o o m ,t o i le t
and good cook ing f a c i l i t i e s . Such an a t t i t u d e can h a rd ly be
c r i t i c i s e d .
The hou ses were a l l ren ted and the average weekly sum paid
in r a t e s and r e n t was c o n s id e r a b ly h igh er than fo r th e c o n tr o l 6 /group. /
1 40 Appendix I I I , Table 1 . _ Appendix I I I , Table 4 . Appendix I I I , Table 2 . £ Appendix I I I , Table 5.
* Appendix I I I , Table 3 . Appendix I I I , Table 6 .
JL7 .group. Almost a qu arter o f th e t e n a n ts co n s id er ed th e r e n t
to be to o h ig h . In the case o f th e s u b -te n a n ts who were r e n t
in g a s i n g l e room, th e r e was some j u s t i f i c a t i o n f o r t h i s p o in t
o f v ie w , n e v e r t h e l e s s , t a k in g t h i s group as a w h o le , c o n s id e r a b ly
few er o f th e t e n a n ts regarded th e r e n t as e x c e s s i v e as compared
w ith th e c o n t r o l . This f in d in g u n d e r l in e s th e v iew e x p r essed
e a r l i e r t h a t t e n a n ts are prepared to pay a r ea so n a b ly h ig h ren t
fo r th e sake o f a decent h ou se . In many o f th e c a se s in t h i s
group, th e hou ses had fr o n t and back gardens and were o f th e
sem i-d eta ch ed or M4 - in -a - b lo c k " ty p e . The t e n a n t s on th e wholeo
l ik e d t h e i r o ld d i s t r i c t s b e t t e r than d id the c o n t r o l group but9
th e standard o f management o f th e hou ses was much th e same.
The s o c i a l c l a s s o f the t e n a n ts as judged by th e R e g is t r a r
G e n e r a l's c l a s s i f i c a t i o n , " ^ and t h e i r work r eco rd ," ^ d i f f e r e d
l i t t l e from th e c o n tr o l group.
The group co n ta in ed a t o t a l o f 81 w a g e -ea r n e rs , g i v i n g 2 .13
w a g e -ea rn ers per house as a g a in s t 1 .5 0 fo r the c o n t r o l group .12The p r o p o r t io n o f housew ives g o in g out to work and the e a se
w ith w hich the husbands reached t h e i r work v a r ie d l i t t l e from 13th e c o n t r o l . The com p a rative ly la r g e number o f w a ge-ea rn ers
per h ou seh o ld r e s u l t e d in an average n e t weekly income o f
£18 - 0 - 3d per household as a g a in s t th e c o n tr o l average o f
£13 - 19 - I d . /
I Appendix I I I , Table 7 . R Appendix I I I , Table 1 1 .q Appendix I I I , Table 8 . Appendix I I I , Table 1 2 .
Appendix I I I , Table 9 . 15 Appendix I I I , Table 13 .10 Appendix I I I , Table 10 .
£13 - 19 - Id . The average net w eek ly income per head was
l e s s , however, b e in g 6 l /5 d a g a in s t th e c o n tr o l f i g u r e o f 6 5 /6 d .
Fewer f a m i l i e s paid w eekly in su r a n c e s but s l i g h t l y more had
put by sa v in g s than in th e c o n tr o l g r o u p , F e w e r f a m i l i e s16
h e ld checks and c lu b s and s l i g h t l y few er had h ir e purchase , 17
commitments than in th e c o n tr o l group. The average w eekly
payments in r e s p e c t o f th e s e commitments v a r ie d l i t t l e between
th e two groups excep t in th e case o f checks and c lu b s in which
the average payment made by the o ld e r p u b lic a u th o r i ty house18group was r a th e r l e s s .
19More hou ses in th e group co n ta in ed t e le p h o n e s , but r a th e r20few er co n ta in ed washing machines than th e c o n t r o l . I t appear
ed t h a t good f a c i l i t i e s in the form o f running hot w a te r , a
s in k and tub and adequate sp a ce , put o f f the a c q u i s i t i o n o f a
w ashing m achine. The te n a n ts f r e q u e n t ly s a id "What would I
want a washing machine fo r here?" when q u est io n ed on t h i s p o in t .
S l i g h t l y few er o f th e t e n a n ts had t e l e v i s i o n s e t s and s l i g h t l y21more had ca rs than th e c o n t r o l group, but th e d i f f e r e n c e s
were i n s i g n i f i c a n t .
I l l n e s s e s
The h ig h standard o f h ou sin g in t h i s group d id n o t appear22
to a f f e c t th e in c id e n c e o f s e r io u s i l l n e s s in th e p ast or the
in c id e n c e o f h o s p i t a l ad m iss ion s over th e 6-month p er iod b e fo r e 23r e h o u s in g . /
Appendix I I I , Table 1 4 o 19 Appendix I I I , Table 1 8 .Appendix I I I , Table 1 5 . 20 Appendix I I I , Table 1 8 .
16 Appendix I I I , Table 1 6 . 21 Appendix I I I , Table 1 8 .17 Appendix I I I , Table 17 . 22 Appendix I I I , Table 1 9 .18 Appendix I I I , Table 16 . 2 Appendix I I I , Table 20 ,
2- 1 .23r e h o u s in g . Minor i l l n e s s measured in term s o f p erson s c a l l
in g t h e i r d o c to r to th e house or person s v i s i t i n g t h e i r d o c to r s
a t th e surgery was l e s s p r e v a le n t amongst th e a d u l t s . 2^ ’ 2 ^
The p ro p o r tio n o f hou sew ives who were pregnant d i f f e r e d26l i t t l e from th e c o n t r o l .
^ Appendix I I I , Table 20 .24 Appendix I I I , Table 21 .25 Appendix I I I , Table 22 .26 Appendix I I I , Table 23 .
l o .FAMILIES IN WHICH THE GENERAL HOME BACKGROUND (AS DISTINCT
FROM THE ~HOUSE ) "WAS ASSES SE3riS~~POOR~"^
These 44 h ou sehold s c o n s i s t e d o f 36 in which th e houses
were u n t id y , d ir ty and con ta in ed damaged fu r n i t u r e and f i t t i n g s ,
and 8 in which th e t e n a n ts and t h e i r c h i ld r e n could be s a id to
c o n s t i t u t e tru e "problem f a m i l i e s " .
On th e average t h e s e u n s a t i s f a c t o r y t e n a n t s had l i v e d in
t h e i r o ld h o u ses fo r much th e same tim e as th e c o n t r o l group‘d
and were o f about th e same age ,^ but they had spent l e s s time
on the h o u s in g l i s t .
The group con ta in ed 183 p e r so n s , c o n s i s t i n g o f 99 a d u lt s
(54 $ ) and 84 c h i ld r e n ( 4 6 $ ) .
The Houses and Overcrowding
Although the group co n ta in ed s l i g h t l y more sm all houses
than the c o n tr o l^ and a lthou gh overcrow ding in terms o f p ersons
per room was s l i g h t l y more marked,^ none o f th e s e d i f f e r e n c e s
were s i g n i f i c a n t s t a t i s t i c a l l y . A marked d i f f e r e n c e occu rred
in r e s p e c t o f overcrowding o f s l e e p in g accommodation, how ever,
f o r t h i s was more than tw ice as common amongst the u n s a t i s f a c t o r y
h o u seh o ld s as compared w ith th e c o n t r o l .
The h o u ses were l e s s w e ll-e q u ip p e d in r e s p e c t o f t o i l e t s ,7
b ath s and running hot w ater than in th e c o n t r o l group . '
The Tenants
The p eo p le th em se lv es compared unfavourably w ith th e c o n tro l
group . They co n ta in ed a s i g n i f i c a n t e x c e s s o f u n s k i l l e d work
e r s® /
Appendix IV, Table 1 . f Appendix IV, Table 5 .2 Appendix IV, Table 2 . ° Appendix IV, Table 6 .\ Appendix IV, Table 3* ' Appendix IV, Table 7 .4 Appendix IV, Table 4 .
Qworkers and t h e i r o v e r a l l work record in terms o f con tin u ou s
employment in one job over th e p rev io u s 2 y e a r s was poor.^ A
c o n s id e r a b ly h igh er p ro p o r t io n o f th e te n a n ts in t h i s group d i s
l i k e d t h e i r o ld a r e a s ’ and th e average w eek ly payment in r e n t
and r a t e s was l e s s than in th e c o n t r o l g r o u p .H
The group co n ta in ed a t o t a l o f 57 w ag e-earn ers g iv in g an
average o f 1 .3 0 w age-earn ers per h ou se . The average net income
per household was £12 - 1 - 7d and was l e s s than the c o n tr o l 12a v e r a g e . The average income per head was a l s o lo w er than th e
13f i g u r e fo r the c o n t r o l . These f in d in g s r e f l e c t e d th e sm a ll
average number o f w age-earn ers per house and th e u n s k i l l e d
n a tu re o f th e work done by the t e n a n t s . low incom es were not
a f e a t u r e o f a l l th e h ou sehold s in t h i s group, however. An
example o f a b a d ly -k ep t household e n jo y in g a h ig h income was
t h a t o f Mr. and Mrs.C. Mr.C. was a w elder a t an atom ic power
s t a t i o n under c o n s tr u c t io n and earned £20 a week. He had two
boys aged 10 and 11 y e a r s . The fa m ily o f 4 l i v e d in a "room
and k itch en " house h av in g i t s own t o i l e t but no bath or running
hot w a te r . The house was p o or ly k ep t , d i r t y and u n t id y . There
was no e v id e n c e o f any s u b s t a n t i a l sum o f money h a v in g been
sp en t on fu r n i s h in g s apart from th e t e l e v i s i o n s e t . There was
no w ashing m achine. Hire purchase commitments amounted to pay
ments o f 5 / - a week fo r a sm all c a r p e t . Checks f o r c lo t h e s
accounted f o r a w eekly payment o f 1 4 / -* M rs.0*3 c h i e f r e c r e a t
i o n /
8 Appendix IY, Table 8 . 11 Appendix IY, Table 1 1 .9 Appendix IY, Table 9 . 12 Appendix IV, T able 1 2 .
10 Appendix IY, Table 10 . 13 Appendix IV, Table 1 2 .
r e c r e a t io n was w atch ing t e l e v i s i o n but Mr.C. enjoyed g o in g out
d r in k in g w ith h i s f r i e n d s . A hou sehold w ith a more t y p i c a l
income fo r th e group was th a t o f Mr.McC. Mr.McC. was a d r iv e r
w ith a l o c a l haulage f ir m . H is weekly income was s t a t e d to be
about £8 a week but h i s w ife d id n ' t know th e e x a ct sum. This
income was supplemented by an Army pension o f £2 a week fo r
se v e r e ch ro n ic v a r ic o s e u lc e r s o f many y e a r s ' d u r a t io n . Hive
c h i ld r e n brought in fu r th e r a l lo w a n c es o f £1 - 18 - Od w eek ly .
The you n gest o f th e fa m ily was a baby o f 7 months and th e o ld e s l
a m en ta l ly d e f e c t i v e boy o f 14 y e a r s , d e sc r ib ed by the mother
as b e in g "always in t r o u b le w ith th e p o l i c e ." In an attem pt
t o keep him out o f t r o u b le she had bought him a s p o r t s b i c y c l e
which was k e p t , fo r want o f s to r a g e sp a c e , in the k i t c h e n . The
house was a tenement "room and k itch en " w ith a t o i l e t on the
s t a ir h e a d shared by th r e e o th er f a m i l i e s and was w ith o u t a bath
or running h ot w ater . The b u i ld in g was d e c r e p i t and th e i n
t e r i o r o f th e house i t s e l f was in an extreme s t a t e o f f i l t h and
u n t i d i n e s s . Mrs.McC. was a p le a sa n t f e c k l e s s d i r t y woman who
was q u ite unable to name any r e c r e a t io n s or p le a s u r e s . Her
husband was keen on watching t e l e v i s i o n and had i n s t a l l e d a la rg e
modern s e t in th e k i t c h e n . This fa m ily moved in t o a 4 -a p a r t
ment tenem ent house in Drumchapel, but f in d in g th e m se lv e s "out
o f tune" w ith t h e i r neighbours,m oved back to a house s im i la r to
t h e i r o ld one w ith in 4 months. The i n t e r i o r o f t h e i r new house
was l e f t in a s t a t e o f f i l t h and d i s r e p a i r .
The/
The p ro p o r tio n o f f a m i l i e s making in su ran ce payments
amongst th e u n s a t i s f a c t o r y h ou seh o ld s was s im i la r to th e c o n tr o l
but th e average w eek ly payments were c o n s id e r a b ly l e s s . Fewer
f a m i l i e s had put by sa v in g s in p rep a r a tio n fo r moving in t o a 15new h o u se . On th e o th er hand h ir e purchase commitments and
checks and c lu b s were h e ld by a c o n s id e r a b ly h ig h er p r o p o r t io n
o f u n s a t i s f a c t o r y f a m i l i e s than c o n tr o l f a m i l i e s a lthou gh the16,17
average w eek ly payments d i f f e r e d to a very sm all e x te n t o n ly .
Fewer o f th e u n s a t i s f a c t o r y f a m i l i e s owned t e l e v i s i o n s e t s ,I O
w ashing m ach ines, t e le p h o n e s or c a r s . The d i f f e r e n c e s in
r e s p e c t o f te le p h o n e s and cars were o f very l i t t l e s i g n i f i c a n c e .
The u n s a t i s f a c t o r y h ou seh o ld s showed a s l i g h t l y h ig h er i n
c id e n c e o f s e r io u s i l l n e s s in th e p a s t , b o th among the a d u l t s
and th e c h i ld r e n , but th e d i f f e r e n c e s were n o t o f any s i g n i f i c
a n c e . ^ The only in d ic a t io n o f a s i g n i f i c a n t d i f f e r e n c e b e
tween t h i s group and th e c o n t r o l in r e s p e c t o f i l l n e s s was an
e x c e s s o f a d u l t s v i s i t i n g t h e i r d o c to r s ' s u r g e r ie s during th e206-month p e r io d b e fo re r e h o u s in g . The in c id e n c e o f pregnancy
amongst th e h o u sew iv es , a lth o u g h on ly s l i g h t l y h ig h er than in
th e c o n t r o l group, could p a r t ly e x p la in t h i s f in d in g by g iv in g21r i s e to an in c r e a s e in the volume o f a n t e - n a t a l work.
Appendix IV, Table 13 .15 Appendix IV, Table 14.16 Appendix IV, Table 15 .17 Appendix IV, Table 16 .
? Appendix IV, Table 1 7 . 19 Appendix IV, Table 18 . 28 Appendix IV, Table 1 9 . 21 Appendix IV, Table 20 .
FAMILIES CONTAINING OLD-AGE PENSIONERS (55 c a s e s )
These f a m i l i e s f e l l in t o 3 d i f f e r e n t groups, namely -
(a ) Those f a m i l i e s in which the o ld -a g e p e n s io n e r s a lon ewere b e in g rehoused in t o new s in g le -a p a r tm e n t h o u s e s .
(b) Those f a m i l i e s in which th e o ld -a g e p e n s io n e r s wererem aining behind in th e o ld h ou se , but son s ordaughters were b e in g reh ou sed .
( c ) Those c a se s in which th e whole fa m ily u n i t was b e in greh ou sed .
The o b j e c t o f exam ining t h i s group was to determ ine w hether
or n ot th e s e f a m i l i e s c o n ta in in g th e o ld f o l k had any s p e c i a l
c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s and a l s o to d is c o v e r under what c ircu m sta n ces
th e p e n s io n e r s were l i v i n g .
The h o u se s were b e t t e r equipped in r e s p e c t o f t o i l e t s ,
b ath s and f a c i l i t i e s f o r running hot w ater than the c o n tr o l
g r o u p .1
The t o t a l number o f w age-earn ers over th e 55 h o u seh o ld s
was 75 , g i v in g an average o f 1 .3 6 w age-earners per h o u se , but
th e r e was a h ig h p ro p ortion o f houses c o n ta in in g no w a g e-earn ers
a t a l l . 2
The incom es o f the h ou seh o ld s v a r ie d w id e ly a c c o r d in g to
th e numbers o f w age-earn ers th e y c o n ta in e d . The c ir cu m sta n c es
o f th o s e h o u seh o ld s c o n ta in in g no w age-earn ers were com p arative ly
" tig h t" as compared w ith th o se c o n ta in in g 2 or more w a g e -e a r n e r s .
The f i g u r e s are shown below .
1 Appendix Y, Table 1 .2 Appendix V, Table 2 .
Average weekly income Average Weekly i n -
F a m il ie s c o n ta in in g no w ag e-earn ers (20$)
£5 - 0 - Od 57/lO d
F a m il ie s c o n ta in in g 2 or more wage- ea rn ers (46$)
£21 - 2 - 4d 84 /6d
C on tro l group £13 - 19 - Id 6 5 / 6d
A good example o f a household w ith no w age-earner was th a t o f
M r s ,S . , a widow aged 62 y e a r s , l i v i n g a lone in a V ic to r ia n
4-apartm ent tenement h ou se . Her weekly income c o n s i s t e d o f
th e o ld -a g e pension supplemented by N a t io n a l A s s is ta n c e and
amounted to £3 - 13 - 6d. The r en t and r a t e s o f th e house
amounted to £1 - 4 - 6d w eek ly . The house co n ta in ed very l i t t l e
f u r n i t u r e but was w e l l -k e p t and c le a n . M r s .S .s u f fe r e d from
c h ro n ic b r o n c h i t i s and req u ired the d a i ly h e lp o f one o f her
d au gh ters to keep the house in order . She was a l o n e ly nervous
person and was extrem ely w orried by the f a c t t h a t she was in
a r r e a r s w ith her r a t e s . M rs.S . b e n e f i t e d enormously from r e
h o u s in g , Her new house was o f 1-apartm ent and e a s i l y managed.
The r e n t and r a t e s were lo w er , and her daughter a lrea d y l i v e d
e lsew h ere in Frumchapel and continued to v i s i t her d a i l y . The
l o c a l a u t h o r i t y gave her case s p e c ia l c o n s id e r a t io n and agreed
to l e t th e demands fo r a r re a rs o f r a t e s la p s e .
Another good example o f t h i s typ e o f case was M rs .D ., a
widow/
i t .widow aged 66 y e a r s , l i v i n g in a V ic to r ia n tenement house o f
3 -a p a r tm en ts . M rs.D 's income a l s o c o n s i s t e d o f the o ld -a g e
p en s io n supplemented by N a tio n a l A s s is ta n c e and came to
£3 - 4 - 6d w eek ly . The house was kept in p e r fe c t order and
Mrs.D. was b r ig h t , a c t i v e and an e n t h u s i a s t i c member o f th e
Women's G u ild . She was keen to move in order to g e t a house
o f a s i z e t h a t she could manage more e a s i l y .
The c a se o f Mrs.M. was q u ite d i f f e r e n t . She was a widow
l i v i n g in a pre-War 5-apartm ent C ouncil h o u se . L iv in g w ith her
she had a m arried d au ghter , M rs .B ., t o g e th e r w ith Mr.B. and t h e i r
3 c h i ld r e n , a l s o her son M r.M .junior and h i s w ife but no ch ild ren .
The fa m ily b e in g rehoused c o n s i s t e d o f M rs.C ., anoth er daughter
o f Mrs.M's to g e th e r w ith Mr.C. and two c h i ld r e n . In o th e r
words the house con ta in ed th ree f a m i l i e s and the te n a n t Mrs.M.
These added up t o a t o t a l o f 7 a d u l t s and 5 c h i ld r e n . The t o t a l
n e t w eek ly income in c lu d in g c h i ld r e n ' s a l lo w a n c es and o ld -a g e
p en s ion was over £39 . In s p i t e o f th e overcrow ding , th e house
was kept c le a n and in f i r s t - c l a s s order .
I t was concluded th a t the f i n a n c i a l c ircu m sta n ces o f o ld -
age p e n s io n e r s depended e n t i r e l y upon whether th ey l i v e d a lon e
or w ith r e l a t i v e s .
The standard o f management o f the h ou ses in t h i s group was
s l i g h t l y b e t t e r than the c o n t r o l .4
The p r o p o r t io n s o f f a m i l i e s w ith h ir e purchase commitments
and checks and c lubs^ d i f f e r e d l i t t l e from th e c o n t r o l , but more6 7f a m i l i e s had te le p h o n e s and few er had t e l e v i s i o n .
3 Appendix V, Table 3 .4 Appendix V, Table 4 .5 Appendix V, Table 5«
6 Appendix V, Table 6 .7 Appendix V, Table 6 .
3 7 ,COMPARISON OF HOUoEHQLDS CONTAINING- 1 CHILD, 2 CHILDREN
AMD 3 OR MORE CHILDREN
( l c h i ld - 90 c a s e s )(2 c h i ld r e n - 154 c a se s )(3 or more c h i ld r e n - 103 c a s e s )
The average d u ra tio n o f occupancy o f th e o ld h o u ses
d i f f e r e d l i t t l e between the th r e e g r o u p s O n th e o th e r
hand th e average time spent on th e C orporation h o u sin g l i s t2
in c r e a s e d s l i g h t l y as th e number o f c h i ld r e n in c r e a se d and
c o n s id e r a b ly more h ou seh o ld s c o n ta in in g 3 or more c h i ld r e n
w a ite d fo r 10 y ea rs or over than did h ou seh o ld s c o n ta in in g
o n ly one c h i l d .
The number o f persons in th e groups and th e p r o p o r t io n s
o f c h i ld r e n to a d u lt s are ta b u la te d below .
Households c o n ta in in g
1 c h i ld 2 c h i ld r e n 3 or more c h i ld r e n
T o ta l p erson s 352 656 610
A dults 262 74$ 348 55$ 253 41$
C hildren 90 26$ 308 45$ 357 59$
The average age o f the t e n a n ts d i f f e r e d to o n ly a sm a ll4
e x te n t between th e th r e e groups.
The Houses
Ho s i g n i f i c a n t tendency was found fo r th e la r g e r f a m i l i e s
to l i v e in l a r g e r houses^ and, as a r e s u l t o f t h i s , overcrow ding
i n /
1 Appendix VI, Table 1 . 5 Appendix VI, Table 5 .2 Appendix VI, Table 2 .3 Appendix VI, Table 3*4 Appendix VI, Table 4 .
i n term s o f persons per room, and overcrow ding o f s l e e p in g
accommodation, were p r o g r e s s iv e ly more common in t h e s e la r g e r
f a m i l i e s
Pew o f th e f a m i l i e s c o n ta in in g 2 c h i ld r e n l i v e d in houseso
w ith bath s or running hot w ater , but t h i s was a r e f l e c t i o n o f
th e h ig h p rop o rtio n o f th e s e f a m i l i e s l i v i n g in 2-apartm ent
h o u se s . I t has a lrea d y been shown th a t few o f th e s e houses
had bath s or running hot w a ter . The p r o p o r t io n s o f h ou ses
w ith t h e i r own t o i l e t s v a r ie d on ly s l i g h t l y between th e grou p s .
The average weekly r e n t and r a t e s paid by th e t e n a n t s was
l e s s in th e ”2 c h i ld r e n ” group than the o th e r two g ro u p s ,^ T h is
wnce more was an i n d ic a t io n o f th e h ig h prop ortion o f th e s e
f a m i l i e s l i v i n g in 2-apartm ent h o u se s .
The Tenants
The p r o p o r t io n s o f te n a n ts in the R e g is t r a r - G e n e r a l ’s f i v e
s o c i a l c l a s s e s and t h e i r work r eco rd s d id n ot d i f f e r to any
s i g n i f i c a n t e x te n t over the th r e e g r o u p s ,1 0 ,1 1 The number o f
w a g e-ea rn ers in th e groups and th e average numbers o f wage-
ea rn ers per house are shown below .
1 c h i ldf a m i l ie s con ta
2 c h i ld r e nin in g
3 or more c h i ld r e n
T o ta l w a ge-earn ers 172 218 142Average number o f w a g e-ea rn ers per house 1 .9 1 1 .4 2 1 .3 8
The t o t a l n e t weekly incomes were a s c e r ta in e d and th e f i g
u res are shown below .
6 Appendix VI, Table 6 . Appendix VI, Table 10 .7 Appendix VI, Table 7 . Appendix VI, Table 1 1 .8 Appendix VI, Table 8 .9 Appendix VI, Table 9 .
Weekly income Households c o n ta in in g1 c h i ld 2 c h i ld r e n 3 or more c h i ld r e n
Average per house £15: 6: 7d £13: 8 : Id £14: 15: 3d
Average per head 78 /5d 62/na 49/lO d
They r e f l e c t the sm a ller p ro p o r t io n s o f w age-earn ers in th e
groups c o n ta in in g "2 and 3 or more" c h i ld r e n . Family a l lo w a n c es
and income ta x c o n c e s s io n s d id not go f a r towards c o r r e c t in g the
economic d isa d v a n ta g e s s u f fe r e d by hou sehold s c o n ta in in g s e v e r a l
c h i ld r e n . Few housew ives were a b le to go out to work from th e
h o u seh o ld s c o n ta in in g 3 or more c h i ld r e n .
Sav in gs and In su ran ces
Fewer o f th e hou sehold s w ith 3 or more c h i ld r e n had been
a b le to put by sa v in g s in p rep a ra tio n fo r moving in t o a new
h o u se , as compared w ith the o th er g r o u p s ,1 but th e numbers w ith
w eekly in su r a n c e s were much th e same and the average weekly pay-14ments were s i g n i f i c a n t l y h ig h er than fo r the "1 c h ild " group.
Hire Purchase Commitments, Checks and Clubs
The p ro p o r t io n s o f h ou sehold s w ith h ir e purchase commit
ments and t h e i r average weekly payments in c r e a se d on ly s l i g h t l y15as th e numbers o f c h ild re n in c r e a s e d . The in c r e a s e was more
marked in th e case o f checks and c lu b s and r e f l e c t e d the g r e a te r
ex p en ses o f th e f a m i l i e s c o n ta in in g 3 or more c h i ld r e n in r e s -16pect o f c lo t h in g and sh o es .
S ta n d ard /
?-2 Appendix VI, Table 12 . ' ^ Appendix VI, Table 14 .13 Appendix VI, Table 13 . 13 Appendix VI, Table 15 .
1^ Appendix VI, Table 1 6 .
*§o .Standard o f Management
The g e n e ra l standard o f management o f the hou ses was
s l i g h t l y poorer amongst the h ou seh o ld s w ith 3 or more c h i ld r e n
and in d ic a t e d the in c r e a se d degree o f u n t id in e s s and "wear and
tear" t h a t was i n e v i t a b le when a la r g e fa m ily was l i v i n g in a17c o m p arative ly sm all house .
T e le v i s i o n s e t s , washing m achines, te le p h o n e s and cars
More hou seh o ld s c o n ta in in g 2 c h i ld r e n had t e l e v i s i o n s e t s1 ftthan d id h ou sehold s in the o th er two groups. The d i f f e r e n c e s
between th e groups in r e s p e c t o f th e ownership o f w ashing mach
i n e s , t e le p h o n e s and cars were very s m a l l . ^
I l l n e s s e s
The in c id e n c e o f " ser io u s i l l n e s s " in th e p a s t d id n ot vary
t o a s i g n i f i c a n t e x te n t between the th r e e groups in r e s p e c t o f
e i t h e r a d u l t s or c h i ld r e n .2 S im i la r ly th e re was no s ig n i f i c a n t
d i f f e r e n c e between th e groups in r e s p e c t o f h o s p i t a l a d m iss ion s21over th e 6 months b e fore r e h o u s in g .
In c o n tr a s t to t h i s , th e f in d in g s fo r v i s i t s to d o c t o r s ’
s u r g e r i e s and d o c t o r s ’ c a l l s to the house showed an e x c e s s in22 23r e s p e c t o f th e c h i ld r e n in th e sm a ller f a m i l i e s . ’ I t was
not p o s s i b l e to a s c e r t a in whether th e ex p la n a t io n la y in a lower
in c id e n c e o f tru e i l l n e s s in the la r g e f a m i l i e s or a g r e a te r
degree o f p a r e n ta l concern amongst th e sm all f a m i l i e s .
The in c id e n c e o f pregnancy amongst the h ou sew ives o f th e 324groups v a r ie d very l i t t l e .
y 7 Appendix VI, Table 17 . Appendix VI, Table 20 .18 Appendix VI, Table 18. ^ Appendix VI, Table 21 .
Appendix VI, Table 18 . 23 Appendix VI, Table 2 2 .20 Appendix VI, Table 19 . 24 Appendix VI, Table 23 .
FAMILIES IN WHICH ONE OR MORE MEMBERS SUFFERED FROM DISABILITIES WHICH SECURED THEM PRIORITY IN H ^ g ^ fg T T T ^ c a ie a T ^ -
The natu re o f the i l l n e s s e s which secured t h e s e f a m i l i e s
m ed ica l p r i o r i t y are ta b u la te d below . The m a jo r ity were c a s e s
o f t u b e r c u l o s i s or h eart d i s e a s e .
T u b e r c u lo s is ( a l l t y p e s ) - 21.
D is e a s e s o f c a r d io -v a s c u la r system - 9 (m o st ly m yocard ia l i n f a r c t i o n or rheum atic heart d i s e a s e ) .
Chronic b r o n c h i t i s and emphysema w ith cor pulmonale - 2 .
C ereb rovascu lar d i s e a s e - 1 .
Amputation o f l e g ( s e v e r e gunshot wounds) - 1 .
S p a s t i c d i p le g i a w ith mental d e f i c i e n c y - 1 ( c h i l d ) .
These 35 f a m i l i e s w ith "medical p r io r i t y " were compared
w ith the o v e r a l l group as a c o n t r o l .
The average tim e spent by th e se f a m i l i e s on th e h o u s in g
l i s t was 2 .9 y e a r s a g a in s t an average f o r th e c o n tr o l o f 1 0 .3 1
y e a r s . This d i f f e r e n c e dem onstrated the s u p e r io r i t y o f a
method o f in d iv id u a l s e l e c t i o n , when p o s s i b l e , over a "pure"
p o in t s sy s tem . U n less a d ju sted c a r e f u l ly to s u i t the circum
s ta n c e s from year to y e a r , a "pure" p o in ts system w i l l o f t e n
f a i l t o g iv e adequate "loading" to p a r t ic u la r h o u se h o ld s . A
c ase in p o in t i s th e f a i l u r e seen in the p rev io u s s e c t io n to
g iv e s u f f i c i e n t p r i o r i t y to la r g e f a m i l i e s l i v i n g under c o n d i t
io n s o f c o n s id e r a b le overcrow ding.
The average age o f th e te n a n ts in th e m ed ica l p r i o r i t y and
c o n t r o l /
Appendix V II, Table 1
c o n tr o l groups were much the same, but the d i s t r i b u t i o n w ith in
th e m ed ica l p r i o r i t y group was d i f f e r e n t . An e x c e s s o f t e n a n ts
under th e age o f 30 y ea rs and over th e age o f 48 was p r e sen t and
r e p r e se n te d persons w ith t u b e r c u lo s i s and d i s e a s e s o f th e c a r d io
v a s c u la r system r e s p e c t i v e l y in most c a s e s . 2
The group con ta in ed 132 persons c o n s i s t i n g o f 96 a d u l t s
(73$) and 36 c h i ld r e n (2 7 $ ) .
The Houses3
The group co n ta in ed more la r g e houses than th e c o n t r o l .
There were no g rea t d i f f e r e n c e s in r e s p e c t o f t o i l e t s , b a th s or
f a c i l i t i e s fo r running hot w ater ,^ and the standard o f manage-5
ment d i f f e r e d l i t t l e from the c o n t r o l .
Overcrowding
Overcrowding in terms o f p ersons per room and s l e e p in g
accommodation was only s l i g h t l y l e s s marked than in the c o n tr o l
group,
The p r o p o r t io n s o f r e n te d , owned and "abandoned” h o u ses and
th e average weekly sum paid in r a t e s and r e n t a l l la y c lo s e to7
th e c o n t r o l f i g u r e s .
The Tenants
The m ed ica l p r i o r i t y group conta ined 50 w age-earn ers g iv in g
an average o f 1 .4 3 w age-earners per h ou se . A c o n s id e r a b ly
sm a lle r p ro p ortion o f the housew ives were g o in g out to work in
t h i s /
Appendix V II, Table 2 . 5 Appendix VII, Table 3. 4 Appendix V II , Table 4 .
Appendix V II, Table 5 .6 Appendix V II , Table 6 .7 Appendix V II , Table 7 .
Qt h i s group compared w ith the c o n t r o l .
The t r a v e l l i n g t im es to work o f th e husbands were g e n e r a l ly
lo n g e r in t h i s group, but t h e i r work record in term s o f c o n t in
uous employment in one job over th e p rev io u s 2 y e a r s d i f f e r e d
l i t t l e from th e c o n t r o l . ^
Income
The average n e t weekly income per household in t h i s group
was s l i g h t l y lower than th e c o n tr o l f i g u r e , but th e income per
head was a l i t t l e h ig h e r .
S av in gs and In su ran ces
The p ro p ortion o f f a m i l i e s p u t t in g by s a v in g s in p r e p a r a t
ion f o r moving in to a new house and making w eek ly in su ra n ce pay
ments were s im i la r in both the m ed ica l p r i o r i t y and c o n tr o l 12 13gro u p s , 9 but the average weekly in su ran ce payments o f th e
m ed ica l p r i o r i t y group were l e s s . ^ I t was no ted th a t the pro
p o r t io n o f f a m i l i e s who had put by sa v in g s but were u n w i l l in g to15s t a t e th e amount was much sm a ller than in th e c o n tr o l group.
I t was concluded th a t the more freq u en t and e x te n s iv e c o n ta c t
th e m ed ica l p r i o r i t y group had w ith d o c to r s prepared them to
g iv e in fo r m a tio n more f r e e l y to a m ed ica l person engaged in
s o c i a l r e s e a r c h . None o f th e p rev io u s 10 sub-groups showed
any s i g n i f i c a n t d i f f e r e n c e from the c o n tr o l group in t h i s r e s
p ec t .
H ir e /
8 Appendix 711, Table 8 . ^ Appendix V II , Table 12 .9 Appendix V II , Table 9 c Appendix V II, Table 13 .
10 Appendix V II , Table 1 0 . Appendix V II , Table 13 .11 Appendix V II , Table 11 . 1 ? Appendix V II , Table 12 .
H ire Purchase commitments and Checks and Clubs
S l i g h t l y more m ed ica l p r i o r i t y f a m i l i e s had h ir e purchase
commitments'^ and s l i g h t l y fewer h e ld checks and c l u b s ^ than
th e c o n t r o l group. The average weekly payments o f th e group"I Q
were a l i t t l e h igh er fo r h ir e purchase and a l i t t l e low er fo r
checks and c l u b s ^ than th o se o f th e c o n t r o l .
The p r o p o r t io n s o f f a m i l i e s in the m ed ica l p r i o r i t y group
w ith c a rs and te le p h o n e s were s im i la r to th e c o n tr o l group, hut
few er o f th e m ed ica l p r i o r i t y f a m i l i e s had t e l e v i s i o n s e t s or
w ashing m a c h in e s .^
I l l n e s s e s
A l l th e h ou sehold s gave a h i s t o r y o f ’’s e r io u s i l l n e s s ” in
th e p a s t . I t was noted th a t t u b e r c u lo s i s occurred in 24 per
son s l i v i n g in 21 h o u se s . Three hou sehold s con ta in ed 2 c a s e s
ea ch .
A r e l a t i v e l y h igh prop ortion o f persons were adm itted to
h o s p i t a l d u r in g the 6-month p er iod b e fo re r e h o u s in g . The e x c e s s21was e n t i r e l y con fin ed to the a d u l t s . S im i la r ly a h ig h pro
p o r t io n o f th e a d u lts v i s i t e d t h e i r d o c t o r s ’ s u r g e r ie s during 22t h i s p e r io d . Many o f th e v i s i t s were f o r r o u t in e p r e s c r i p t
io n s f o r a n t i - t u b e r c u lo u s drugs.
The p ro p o r t io n s o f p e r so n s , a d u lts and c h i ld r e n , c a l l i n g23d o c to r s to the house d i f f e r e d very l i t t l e from th e c o n t r o l .
None o f th e housew ives in th e group were pregnant but t h i s
f i n d i n g /
^ Appendix V II, Table 14 . Appendix VII, Table 16 .Appendix V II , Table 15 . Appendix V II, Table 1 7 .Appendix V II, Table 14 22 Appendix VII, Table 18.
19 Appendix V II, Table 15 . 2 Appendix V II, Table 19#
f i n d in g was not o f s t a t i s t i c a l s i g n i f i c a n c e when compared w ith
th e c o n t r o l f i g u r e .
Many f a m i l i e s in th e o v e r a l l group could have put forward
a c a se fo r o b ta in in g a p a r t i c u la r type o f house ( f o r in s ta n c e a
ground f l o o r house in c a se s o f h ea rt d i s e a s e ) . T his would have
been p r e fe r a b le to t a k in g the "luck o f th e draw" a t a b a l l o t and
h op ing to e f f e c t an in form al exchange i f t h e i r lu c k f a i l e d them.
F a m il ie s o f t e n f a i l e d to apply f o r m edical p r i o r i t y because
t h e i r g e n e r a l p r a c t i t i o n e r s ad v ised them th a t they had no chance
o f s u c c e e d in g , s in c e most o f the houses went to c a s e s o f pulmon
ary t u b e r c u l o s i s . Some te n a n ts brought up d o c t o r s ’l e t t e r s to
th e "housing l e t " , hoping to be g iven a p a r t i c u la r hou se . Such
r e q u e s t s put the Corporation o f f i c i a l running the " le t" in a
d i f f i c u l t p o s i t i o n . To accept the l e t t e r and a l l o c a t e a house
cou ld put him at once in to most s e r io u s and u n p lea sa n t tr o u b le
w ith th e o th e r t e n a n t s . The u su a l c o u r se , i f th e ten a n t f a i l e d
t o draw th e d e s ir e d house in th e b a l l o t , was to app ea l to th e
o th e r t e n a n t s to e f f e c t an exchange b e fo re the m is s iv e s were
s ig n e d . I f t h i s f a i l e d , n o th in g more could be done and the
d i s s a t i s f i e d ten a n t had to be p resen ted w ith the c h o ic e o f "take
i t or l e a v e i t " w ith the r id e r th a t he should now put in a f o r
mal m ed ica l a p p l ic a t io n fo r a p a r t ic u la r type o f h o u se . T his
s i t u a t i o n cou ld be remedied i f th e l o c a l a u th o r ity would b r in g
t o the n o t i c e o f g e n e ra l p r a c t i t i o n e r s the type o f c a se s t h a t
would r e c e i v e sym pathetic c o n s id e r a t io n and the degree o f p r io r
i t y th a t cou ld be g iv en in such c a s e s .
D u r in g /
During th e survey 12 e a se s came to l i g h t in which th e r e was
a good case fo r m edical p r i o r i t y , but in which no a p p l ic a t io n
had been made. The d e t a i l s are l i s t e d below .
1 . Pulmonary t u b e r c u lo s i s o c cu rr in g in 1 and 2-apartm enthouses c o n ta in in g c h i ld r e n - 7 c a s e s .
2 . Severe h eart d i s e a s e in persons l i v i n g up s t a i r s - peases.
3 . Severe rheumatoid a r t h r i t i s in persons l i v i n g up s t a i r s- 2 c a s e s .
Of th e f i v e c a se s o f sev ere h ea rt d i s e a s e and rheum atoid
a r t h r i t i s (groups 2 and 3)> only one was rehoused on th e ground
f l o o r - a case o f rheumatoid a r t h r i t i s . Two c a se s were rehoused
3 s t a i r s up - c o n g e s t iv e c a rd ia c f a i l u r e ( l c a s e ) and m itr a l
s t e n o s i s w ith orthopnoea and a past h i s to r y o f su b -a cu te b a c te r
i a l e n d o c a r d i t i s (1 c a s e ) . This l a t t e r p a t ie n t had c o n s id ered
a p p ly in g f o r m ed ica l p r i o r i t y but r e a l i s e d th a t t h i s would mean
a c c e p t in g a ground f l o o r house w ith a garden. Her husband r e
fu sed to lo o k a f t e r a garden. Prom th e p o in t o f view o f clim b
in g s t a i r s , b o t h th e se c a se s were worse o f f in t h e i r new houses
than th e y were in the o ld o n e s .
The two rem aining c a se s were rehoused "1 s t a i r up” in
s in g le -a p a r tm e n t s p i n s t e r ’ s h o u se s . One case was o f s e v e r e
rheum atic v a lv u la r d i s e a s e o f th e h eart w ith e x e r t io n a l dyspnoea
and a n g in a o f e f f o r t . The o ther case was o f sev ere d i s a b l in g
rheum atoid a r t h r i t i s which rendered the p a t ie n t a lm ost immobile
and made i t n e c e s s a r y fo r her to have a d a i ly home h e lp . In
t h e s e two c a se s th e p o s s i b i l i t y o f e f f e c t i n g an exchange f o r a
ground f l o o r house did not e x i s t s in c e the ground f l o o r houses
w e r e /
were r e se r v e d fo r o ld -a g e p en s io n ers and th e two c a se s d e sc r ib ed
were aged 56 y e a r s and 57 y e a r s r e s p e c t i v e l y .
V 8 .EXAMINATION OP THE FAMILIES 6 MONTHS AFTER MOVING- INTO HEW
~ ~~ COUNCIL HOUSES '
LRUMCHAPEL
The Lrumchapel h ou sin g scheme was s t a r t e d in 1952 and
now c o n ta in s a p o p u la tion o f about 30 ,000 p e r so n s . I t i s
s i t u a t e d on th e w estern periphery o f the c i t y app rox im ate ly
7 m i le s from th e c i t y c en tre by th e most d i r e c t r o u t e . Many
o f th e in h a b i t a n t s work in Clydebank and indeed th e l o c a l
S c o t t i s h C o -o p era tiv e W holesale S o c ie ty has i t s headq uarters
in Clydebank and not Glasgow.
The m a jo r ity o f th e houses are tenem ents o f 3 and 4
s t o r e y s . Shopping f a c i l i t i e s are l im i t e d to f i v e shopping
c e n tr e s c o n ta in in g 23 sh ops. These provide e s s e n t i a l s e r
v i c e s such as food and new spapers. Post o f f i c e s and c h e m is t s ’
shops are in c lu d e d . The shops are supplemented by v a n s ,
l o r r i e s and converted charabancs s e l l i n g ice -cr ea m ,lem o n a d e ,
f i s h and c h ip s and a v a r ie t y o f o ther e s s e n t i a l and i n e s s e n t i a l
products f o r which th e r e i s a demand. The co n sta n t h o o t in g
o f t h e i r horns as th e y tr y to a t t r a c t a t t e n t io n i s a s t r i k i n g
f e a t u r e o f th e a rea . Lrumchapel has no c a f £ s , c in em a s, dance
h a l l s or p u b l ic h o u ses; i t i s in f a c t a dorm itory town w ith
th e f a c i l i t i e s o f a v i l l a g e . Plans have been prepared f o r
a ’’town c e n t r e ” .
O v e r a l l Croup
Luring th e f i r s t 6-month per iod f o l lo w in g r e h o u s in g , 24
f a m i l i e s were l o s t from the o r ig i n a l 421 l e a v in g a t o t a l o f
397 f a m i l i e s , Of the 24 f a m i l i e s which were ’’l o s t ” , 9 moved
b a c k /
back to o ld hou ses in the c e n tr a l a rea s o f th e c i t y , 2 moved
to o th e r c o u n c i l houses in lrum chapel and one bought a new
p r i v a t e l y b u i l t h ou se . Ten f a m i l i e s were u n w i l l in g to co
op era te fu r th e r in the survey and 2 f a m i l i e s were u n ob ta in ab le
in s p i t e o f r ep ea ted v i s i t i n g over a p er iod o f s e v e r a l w eeks.
The s i z e s o f the new houses are compared below w ith the
s i z e s o f the o ld h o u se s . The m a jo r ity o f th e houses were t e n e
m ents, m ostly o f 3 -apartm en ts, but some o f 4 -apartm en ts a l s o .
The 1-apartm ent houses were in co rp o ra ted in tenem ents and d i f f e r
from th e o ld 1-apartm ent houses in th a t th ey have b ath s and t o i l '
e t s and sp a c io u s b u i l t - i n cupboard accommodation. These houses
were r e se r v e d fo r s p in s t e r s and o ld -a g e p e n s io n e r s . A l l th e
new h ou ses had t o i l e t s , baths and f a c i l i t i e s fo r running hot
w a te r .
S iz e o f house Hew c o u n c i l houses Old houses
1-apartm ent 4 <.8$ 1 4 .3 $
2-apartm ent 6 4 .5 $
3-apartm ent 8 2 .4 $ 1 5 .0 $
4-apartm ent 1 1 .3 $ 4 .5 $
5-apartm ent 1 .5 $ 1 .7 $
The number o f people in th e survey at th e 6-months re-
v i s i t p er io d f e l l to 1601 and c o n s is t e d o f 883 a d u lt s (55*2$)
and 718 c h i ld r e n ( 4 4 . 8$ ) . f a l l i s accounted f o r by p er
sons l e f t behind in the o ld houses and two d e a th s . The pro
p o r t io n o f a d u l t s to c h i ld r e n was on ly s l i g h t l y a f f e c t e d .
O vercrow ding/
vi O t
Overcrowding
In view o f th e la r g e r number o f rooms a v a i la b le and th e
f a l l in th e number o f persons to occupy them, overcrow ding to
th e e x te n t o f over 2 persons per room and overcrow ding o f s l e e p
in g accommodation was a b o l i s h e d . The c o n c e n tr a t io n o f p erso n s
per room i s shown below .
Persons per room New C ouncil houses!
Old houses
IJp t o 1 2 8 .5 $ 1 0 .2 $
C\l1+H
7 1 .5 $ 5 6 .3 $
K\1+CM _ 2 5 .9 $
Over 3 _ 7 .6 $
N e v e r th e le s s th e s i t u a t i o n a f t e r reh o u s in g was not s a t i s
f a c t o r y in a l l c a s e s . Seventy-one (2 1 .7 $ ) o f th e 3-apartm ent
(2 bedroom) houses h e ld 5 persons and fo u r such h o u ses 6 p e r so n s .
C u rio u s ly enough, f i v e (11$) o f the 4-apartm ent (3 bedroom)
h ou ses h e ld on ly 4 p erso n s . No e x p la n a t io n in term s o f m ed ica l
p r i o r i t y was p resen t in th e s e c a s e s .
The Tenants
Most o f th e te n a n ts p re fe rr e d Nrumchapel to th e a rea s th e y
had come from . Those persons d i s l i k i n g the new a r e a or hav ing
r e s e r v a t i o n s about i t m ostly commented upon th e ’’inadequacy and
h ig h c o s t o f bus s e r v i c e s ” and upon th e la c k o f o p p o r tu n ity to
v i s i t p eo p le and go ’’window shopping” . The in c r e a s e in th e
p ro p o r tio n o f peop le l i k i n g Nrumchapel was s i g n i f i c a n t .
Opinion o f D i s t r i c t Drumchapel Old D i s t r i c t
"Like" 8 8 .2 # 5 5 .3 #
"Reserved" 8 .3 # 1 4 .3 #
" D is lik e " 3 .5 # 3 0 .4 #
(JfX= 1 2 2 .0 8 P < 0 .0 0 1 )
A ll th e houses were r e n te d . The average w eek ly sum paid
in r a t e s and ren t over the whole group was 25 /5d and was s i g n i
f i c a n t l y h igh er than th e e q u iv a le n t f ig u r e fo r th e o ld hou ses
o f 1 5 /4 * ( t = 5 .61 P < 0 . 0 0 1 ) .
The a t t i t u d e o f the te n a n ts to paying h ig h er r a t e s and r e n t
was c o n s id e r a b ly m odified by the fa v ou rab le comparison made by
th e new hou ses a g a in s t the o ld . S i g n i f i c a n t l y few er o f th e
t e n a n ts regarded the new r a t e s and ren t as too h ig h .
New Councilhouses Old h ou ses
R ates and r e n t co n sid eredtoo h ig h 3 .5 # 4 3 .2 #
( X = 1 7 3 .4 9 P^O.OOl)
The p r in c ip a l te n a n ts changed t h e i r employment in 4 .3 #
o f c a s e s d u rin g th e 6-months period a f t e r r e h o u s in g . The r e a
sons g iv e n f o r changing were m ostly t r a v e l l i n g problem s, th e
se a rc h f o r b e t t e r money and redundancy due to s t r u c t u r a l changes
in in d u s tr y .
The t o t a l number o f w age-earners over th e 397 h o u seh o ld s
w a s /
was 5 5 5 t g iv in g an average o f I .4 0 w age-earn ers per h o u seh o ld .
The p ro p o r tio n o f housew ives working was 2 6 . 4 / and la y c lo s e
t o th e e q u iv a le n t f ig u r e b e fo re r e h o u s in g .
The tim e spent in t r a v e l l i n g to work in th e morning was i n
c re a sed in most c a s e s . S i g n i f i c a n t l y more persons found t h e i r
work " d i f f i c u l t " to g e t to and s i g n i f i c a n t l y few er were w ith in
"easy reach" o f t h e i r work. The f i g u r e s are shown below .
Ease o f g e t t i n g to work from Drumchapel Old Areas
Work in "Easy Reach" (Up to 15 m inutes) 1 8 . 7 / 3 0 . 5 /
" E a ir ly easy reach" (15+ - 40 m inu tes) 5 2 . 4 / 4 8 . 0/
" D i f f i c u l t "(Over 40 m in u tes) 2 8 .9 / 2 1 . 5 /
( 1 4 . 4 0 p < 0.001)The problem o f c h i ld r e n t r a v e l l i n g to sc h o o l was sm a ller
than might be e x p ected , due to th e in t e n s iv e sc h o o l b u i ld in g
campaign adopted by th e l o c a l a u th o r ity in r e c e n t y e a r s . Out
o f th e t o t a l o f 718 c h i ld r e n in th e new h o u s e s , 515 were o f
s c h o o l a g e . Of th e se 515 c h i ld r e n , 403 ( 7 8 . 3 / ) were attending
new s c h o o ls in Drumchapel or f a i r l y r e c e n t ly b u i l t s c h o o ls c lo s e
to Drumchapel. E ighty c h i ld r e n (1 5 * 5 /) s t i l l a t ten d e d t h e i r
o ld s c h o o l s , in many ca ses because t h i s was the w ish o f th e
p a ren ts or the c h i ld r e n th e m se lv e s , and a fu r th e r 32 c h i ld r e n
were a t t e n d in g o th e r sc h o o ls f o r a v a r ie ty of r ea so n s such as
p h y s i c a l /
p h y s ic a l or m ental handicaps or r e l i g i o u s r e a s o n s , or because
t h e i r p aren ts had e l e c t e d to send them to f e e - p a y in g s c h o o l s .
Income
The average n e t w eekly income per h ou seh o ld , i n c l u s i v e o f
c h i l d r e n ’s a l lo w a n c es , p en sion s and o ther b e n e f i t s was £ 1 3 -1 0 - ld ,
This was l e s s than the sum o f £13 - 19 - Id * record ed in th e o ld
h o u s e s . The d i f f e r e n c e was not s i g n i f i c a n t . The average
w eek ly income per head r o se from 65 /6d* in th e o ld h o u ses to
6 7 / - in the new h o u ses .
H ire Purchase
The expense of fu r n is h in g new and la r g e r houses was r e f l e c t
ed in a dram atic r i s e in th e number o f f a m i l i e s w ith h ir e pur
chase commitments. This f in d in g was s t a t i s t i c a l l y s i g n i f i c a n t .
The average w eekly payments o f th o se f a m i l i e s w ith commitments
a l s o went up, a lthough the d i f f e r e n c e here was of b o r d e r l in e
s i g n i f i c a n c e o n ly . The f i g u r e s are shown below .
Oldareas Drumchapel
F a m il ie s w ith h ir e purchase commitments '26 *8/ 4 8 .9 #
S i g n i f i c a n t .X * = 4 2 .2 8 P . < 0 .001
Average w eekly payment 15/6d
B o r d e r l in e s i g n i f i c a n c e , t = 1 .7 9 P 0 .1
Checks and Clubs
In c o n t r a s t to th e r i s e in h ir e purchase commitments th e r e
was a s i g n i f i c a n t f a l l in the number o f f a m i l i e s w ith checks
and c lu b s f o r sm all a r t i c l e s such as c lo t h in g . The change in
the average weekly payments made by th o se f a m i l i e s w ith commit
m e n ts /
commitments was sm a ll . The f i g u r e s are shown below .
Old ____ areas hew area
F a m il ie s w ith checks & c lu b s 2 7 .3 # 1 2 .9 #
S i g n i f i c a n t .X*- = 26 .45 P < 0 .0 0 1
Average weekly payment 10 /43 i o / i o a h ot s i g n i f i c a n t .
Standard o f Management
The standard o f management o f the new houses showed a
marked improvement. T h is f in d in g r e f l e c t e d th e g r e a te r e a se
o f k ee p in g a rea so n a b le s i z e o f house in good order than a
’’s i n g l e end” or "room and k i t c h e n ” and a ls o a r i s e in morale
o f th e housew ives in t h e i r new su rrou n d in gs. The r i s e in
the p ro p o r t io n o f w e l l -k e p t houses was s i g n i f i c a n t ( Y = 20 .7 7
P < 0 .0 0 1 ) . The f ig u r e s are shown below .
A ssessm ent o f management ____________o f house__________ Old house hew house ( a f t e r 6 m th s .)
Good 66 .5 # 8 0 . 6 /
F a ir 2 3 .0 # 1 3 .4 #
Poor or Bad 1 0 .5 # 6 .0 #
S u p e r v is io n o f f a m i l i e s unable to keep a c le a n house d i f f e r
ed in no way from su p e rv is io n o f the rem aining f a m i l i e s d u rin g
the 6-month p er iod fo l lo w in g r e h o u s in g . During t h i s p e r io d
"housing n u rses" paid 259 v i s i t s to 320 houses which were g iven
a good home a sse s sm e n t . Twenty-four households g iven a poor
or bad home assessm ent r e c e iv e d 28 v i s i t s , and th e 42 h ou seh o ld s
rem ain ing from th e 44 g iven a poor or bad home assessm en t in
t h e i r /
^ 6 ,
t h e i r o ld houses r e c e iv e d 41 v i s i t s . I t was concluded t h a t ,
to p r a c t i c a l p u rp oses , a l l f a m i l i e s r e c e iv e d one v i s i t from
th e "housing n u rses" .
The p ro p o r t io n s o f households w ith t e l e v i s i o n s e t s and
washing m achines were s i g n i f i c a n t l y h igh er 6 months a f t e r mov
in g in t o th e new houses than b efore moving. In th a t the fam
i l i e s had to fa c e more expense in terms o f r a t e s , r e n t , bus
f a r e s and the f i t t i n g - o u t o f la r g e r h o u se s , t h i s was u n ex p ec ted .
On th e o th er hand i s o l a t i o n and inadequate bus s e r v i c e s rendered
th e p o s s e s s io n o f a t e l e v i s i o n s e t more d e s ir a b le and th e l o s s
o f th e l o c a l "steamie" e x p la in s a g r e a te r need f o r w ashing
m ach ines . The f ig u r e s are shown below.
H ouseholds w ith Old area New area
T e le v i s i o n s e t s 75.5'/» 8 2 . 17SS i g n i f i c a n t .X t= 5 .2 8 P < 0 .0 5
V/ashing machines 2 1 .1 1° 3 0 . 0$S i g n i f i c a n t .**■ = 8 .4 1 P < 0 .0 1
None o f the hou sehold ers had acquired r e f r i g e r a t o r s during
th e 6-month period a f t e r moving in to the new h o u se s , but 13
(3»3f<>) had acquired e l e c t r i c immersion h e a t e r s . T h is r i s e was
s i g n i f i c a n t ( Y ^ 1 1 .9 9 P < 0 . 0 0 1 ) .
A s l i g h t f a l l occurred in th e p rop ortion s o f h o u seh o ld s
w ith t e le p h o n e s and c a r s . The f ig u r e s are shown below .
. — T-H ouseholds w ith I
IjOld area New area
T elephones 1 5 . 9/° 4.09s Not s i g n i f i c a n t— ^— - ——---- -j—
Cars 1 1 0 .2 $ 9 . 6% Not s i g n i f i c a n t
F a m ily /
Fam ily D octors
The p o s i t i o n s o f d o c to r s ' s u r g e r ie s in th e old d i s t r i c t s
w ere, f o r the most p a r t , in co n v en ien t a f t e r f a m i l i e s had been
reh oused in Drumchapel. Only 50 households (1 2 .6 $ ) were s t i l l
r e a so n a b ly c lo s e to t h e i r o ld d o c to r s ' s u r g e r ie s a f t e r reh ou s
in g . Of the rem aining 347, 197 (5 6 .8 $ ) had changed t h e i r
d o c to r s durin g th e 6-month period a f t e r r eh o u s in g and 150
(43*2$) had n ot done s o . Examination o f the 197 h ou seh o ld s
changin g t h e i r doctor r e v e a le d th a t 6 6 ,5 $ had done so a f t e r i l l
n e s s and on ly 33*5$ had done so on t h e i r own i n i t i a t i v e . With
t h e s e f in d in g s in mind, a fu r th e r exam ination o f th e 347 house
h o ld s who req u ire d to change t h e i r d oc tors was c a r r ie d o u t . The
number o f h ou sehold s in which no members had needed to c a l l out
a d o c to r or go to the surgery was e st im a ted f i r s t amongst th ose
h o u seh o ld s which changed t h e i r d o c to rs and then amongst th ose
h o u seh o ld s which f a i l e d to change t h e i r d o c t o r s . The r e s u l t s
are shown below and dem onstrate a c o n s id e r a b le apathy over
changing d o c to r s u n le s s i l l n e s s r e q u ir e s m edical a t t e n t i o n .
Households not making use o f g e n e ra l p r a c t i t io n e r s e r v i c e s over th e 6-month p er iod a f t e r r eh o u s in g .
H ouseholds who changed t h e i r d o c to r s (197) 8 = 4 .1 $
H ouseholds f a i l i n g to change t h e i r d oc to rs (150) 48 = 3 2 .0 $
I l l n e s s e s
The d i f f e r e n c e s in in c id e n c e and nature o f i l l n e s s recorded
b e lo w /
5? ,below are p a r t ly r e la t e d to seaso n . Each round o f v i s i t s was
spread over a 6-month p e r io d , and s in c e i l l n e s s e s over the
p r e v io u s 6 months were record ed , i t should have been p o s s ib l e
to compare th e f ig u r e s fo r each round o f v i s i t s d i r e c t l y . Un
f o r t u n a t e ly th e number o f persons v i s i t e d v a r ie d g r e a t ly from
month to month, b e in g r e la t e d to the r a te a t which th e new
h o u ses were b u i l t . The r e s u l t was an e x c e s s o f p erson s q u e s t
ion ed about i l l n e s s over th e w in ter period during th e second
round o f v i s i t s (6 months a f t e r moving in to new h o u s e s ) . The
f i g u r e s f o r the th ir d round o f v i s i t s were d i r e c t l y comparable
w ith th e f i g u r e s fo r i l l n e s s in the o ld hou ses in r e s p e c t o f
se a s o n .
There was no s i g n i f i c a n t change in the p r o p o r t io n s o f per
s o n s , a d u l t s and ch ild ren adm itted to h o s p i t a l during the 6-
month p er iod a f t e r reh o u s in g . The f ig u r e s are shown be low .
A dm issions to h o s p i t a l in 6-month p er iod
B efore re^ housing
A fter r e -housing
P ersons 4 .4 $ 3 .7 $ Hot s i g n i f i c a n t
C hildren 3 .3 $ 3 .8 $ Hot s i g n i f i c a n t
A dults 5 .2 $ 3 .6 $ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
The demand on g en era l p r a c t i t i o n e r s ’ s e r v i c e s showed a
s i g n i f i c a n t r i s e .
Pour hundred and tw e n ty -th r e e persons made 1060 v i s i t s to
th e su rg ery during the 6-month period a f t e r r e h o u s in g . In o ther
words 2 6 .4 $ o f th e persons v i s i t e d d o c to r s ’ s u r g e r ie s during the
6/
6 autumn and w in ter months a f t e r be ing rehoused as a g a in s t
15*2$ d u rin g the 6 sp r in g and summer months b e fo re b e in g r e -
housed . The in c r e a se was s i g n i f i c a n t ( / = 65 .03 P < 0 . 0 0 1 ) .
T h is f i n d in g p e r s i s t e d when the data was broken down in t o se p
a r a te groups fo r a d u lt s and c h i ld r e n . The f i g u r e s are shown
below .
Persons v i s i t i n g su rgery during 6-month p er iod
Beforer e housing
Aft er r e housing
C hildren 1 2 .7 # 2 5 .2 # S ig n i f i c a n tVv = 3 7 .62 P< 0 .0 0 1
A dults 1 7 .1 # 2 7 .4 # S ig n i f i c a n tVl = 2 8 .7 5 P< 0 .0 0 1
The nature o f th e v i s i t s i s ta b u la te dbelow
C hild V i s i t s (333)
1 . I n f e c t io u s c o n d it io n s - 127 (3 8 .1 $ )
T o n s i l l i t i s , "co lds" , d iarrh oea and v o m it in g ," in f lu e n z a " and "catarrh".
I n j u r ie s - 49 (1 4 .7 $ )
These were, fo r the most p ar t , minor l a c e r a t i o n s and s t r a i n s but the r i s e when compared w ith s im i la r i n j u r i e s during the 6-month period b efore reh o u s in g ( 3 .8 $ ) was s i g n i f i c a n t (X - 12 .57 PC, 0 .0 0 1 ) . A p o s s i b l e e x p la n a t io n o f t h i s r i s e i s the hazard o f u n f in is h e d houses in the a r ea . B u ild in g s i t e s have an i r r e s i s t i b l e a t t r a c t io n to c h ild re n as "p lay-grounds" .
3 . Im munisations - 47 (1 4 .1 $ )
P o l io m y e l i t i s ( 3 1 ) , d ip t h e r ia and whooping cough (1 3 ) , sm allpox ( 2 ) , t u b e r c u lo s i s ( l ) .
4 . V a r io u s /
4 . V arious c o n d it io n s
Skin c o n d it io n s - 33 " B r o n c h it is” and "cough" - 20 C o n j u n c t iv i t i s - 9 "Nerves" - 6 "Abdominal pain" - 5 "Styes" - 4M isce lla n e o u s and i l l - d e f i n e d . - 33
Adult V i s i t s (727)
1 . R outine p r e s c r ip t io n s - 124 (1 7 .1 $ )
A n t i- tu b e r c u lo u s drugs, d i g i t a l i s , i n s u l i n , "cough b o t t l e s " and t o n i c s .
2 . R e sp ir a to ry t r a c t d i s e a s e s and i n f e c t i o n s - 117 ( 1 6 . 1 . )
3 . A n te -n a ta l and p o s t - n a t a l care - 64 ( 8 . 8$)
4 . D is e a s e s o f m uscles and j o i n t s - 55 (7 .6 $ )
5 . V i s i t s f o r "s ick l i n e s " ( second or f i n a l c e r t i f i c a t e s ) not i n v o l v i n g examination o f the p a t i e n t - 52 ( 7 .2 $ )
6 . D is e a s e s o f the c a r d io -v a s c u la r system - 29 ( 4 .0 $ )
7 . V arious c o n d it io n s - 286
These v i s i t s broke down in t o very sm all numbers and in many c a se s a d ia g n o s is was absent or ob scu re .
C a l l s to the house by gen era l p r a c t i t i o n e r s numbered 584
and were made to 263 persons or 1 6 .4 $ o f the p e o p le . This was
s i g n i f i c a n t l y h igh er than th e f ig u r e o f 1 2 . 1$ ,r fo r th e p rev io u s
6 months ( 14 .2 6 P < 0 . 0 0 1 ) . The f i g u r e s fo r the a d u lt s
and c h i ld r e n s e p a r a te ly are shown below.
P erson s c a l l i n g d o c to r to house
Before r e h ousing
A fter r e h ou sin g
C h ild ren 1 7 . 4/° 2 2 . 4$S i g n i f i c a n tX v = 3 .99 0 .0 5
A d u lts
CMGO 1 1 .6%S i g n i f i c a n tX v = 6 .1 4 P < 0 .0 2
T h e/
loto.The n a tu re of th e home v i s i t s i s ta b u la te d be low .
V i s i t s to C hildren (257)
I* I n f e c t io u s d i s e a s e s - 148 (5 7 .6 $ )
T o n s i l l i t i s ( 4 9 ) , "colds" (3 8 ) , " in f lu e n z a ” ( 1 5 ) , d ia rrh o ea and v om itin g (1 4 ) , m eas les ( 1 2 ) , ch ickenpox ( 1 0 ) , whooping cough (9) and s c a r l e t f e v e r ( l ) .
2 . R e s id u a l b r o n c h i t i s f o l lo w in g acute i n f e c t i o u s i l l n e s s e s - 29 (1 1 .3 $ ) --------------------------------------------
3. Skin c o n d it io n s - 20
4 . I n j u r ie s - 10
The rem aining 50 v i s i t s covered a wide v a r ie t y o f c o n d i t
io n s and in many c a se s a d ia g n o s is was absent or o b scu re .
V i s i t s to A dults (327)
1 . D is e a s e s o f the r e s p ir a to r y system - 107 (3 2 .7 $ )
2 . M atern ity work - 88 (2 6 .9 $ )
3 . D is e a s e s o f c a r d io -v a s c u la r system - 47 (1 4 .4 $ )
4 . D is e a s e s o f m uscles and j o in t s - 30 (9*2$)
The rem aining 55 ca ses covered a wide v a r ie t y o f c o n d it io n s
and in many c a se s the d ia g n o s is was absent or ob scu re .
Pregnancy
A sm a l le r p roportion o f the housew ives were pregnant when
v i s i t e d in t h e i r new homes 6 months a f t e r moving. The f i g u r e s
are shown below and th e d i f f e r e n c e i s s i g n i f i c a n t .
Before moving 6 months a f t e r moving
Housewives pregnant
6 .8 0 P < 0 . 0 1 )
ANALYSIS OF THE 11 SUB-GROUPS SIX MONTHS AFTER MOVING TONEW COUNOIL HOUSES
In t h i s s e c t io n comparison i s made w ith th e f in d in g s be
fo r e r e h o u s in g fo r each o f the e lev en sub-groups in tu r n . For
th e sake o f c l a r i t y the f a m i l i e s coming from 1 , 2 and 3 -a p a r t
ment tenem ents are grouped to g e th e r and the hou seh o ld s c o n ta in
in g 1 ,2 and 3 or more ch ild ren are l ik e w is e grouped t o g e t h e r .
FAMILIES REHOUSED FROM 1 ,2 AND 3-APARTMENT TENEMENTHOUSES
(1-apartm ent - 49 c a se s )(2-apartm ent - 252 c a s e s )(3-apart.ment - 47 ca ses )
The numbers o f persons in the th ree groups and the p rop ort
io n s o f c h i ld r e n to a d u lts are shown below .
1-apartmentgroup
2-apartmentgroup
3-apartm entgroup
T o ta l person s 173 1029 218
A d ults 97 56.1/o 570 5 5 . 4/ 113 5 1 . 8/
C hildren 76 4 3 .9 / 459 4 4 . 6/ 105 4 8 . 2 /
More o f the te n a n ts in a l l th ree groups l ik e d Drumchapel
than l i k e d th e o ld a rea s1 and fewer consid ered the new and h ig h -2er r e n t s and r a t e s e x c e s s i v e .
1 Appendix V III ,T a b le 1 .2 Appendix V III , Table 2 .
The t o t a l numbers o f w age-earners and the average numbers
o f wage—ea rn ers per household went up in the case o f te n a n ts
rehoused from 1-apartment and 3-apartment houses.''’ To a sm all
e x te n t the changes were r e la t e d to a s l i g h t r i s e in the p ro p o r t
io n s o f housew ives go in g out to work in th e se groups.^ 1 sm a ll
p ro p o r t io n on ly o f the p r in c ip a l te n a n ts changed t h e i r work dur
in g th e 6-month per iod fo l lo w in g r e h o u s in g .5
Fewer husbands found t h e i r work to be w ith in easy rea ch
(15 m inutes t r a v e l l i n g tim e) a f t e r moving to Drumchapel. The
change was minimal in the case o f f a m i l i e s moving from 3 - a p a r t -
ment tenem ent h o u se s , but more marked in the o th e r two grou p s .^
I t has a lre a d y been noted th a t the sm aller houses were concen
t r a t e d n ea rer the s i t e s o f e s t a b l i s h e d in d u stry than the l a r g e r
h o u s e s .
Income
The average net weekly income per household showed a s l i g h t
r i s e in th e case of f a m i l i e s from 1-apartm ent and 2-apartm ent
h o u se s , but th e average income per head showed a s l i g h t r i s e in7
a l l t h r e e groups.
Hire Purchase Commitments and Checks and Clubs
The p ro p o r t io n s o f f a m i l i e s w ith h ir e purchase commitmentsQ
showed a marked r i s e in a l l th r e e groups, and th e p r o p o r t io n sg
w ith checks and c lu b s a moderate f a l l . The average w eekly pay
ments showed no s i g n i f i c a n t changes apart from a r i s e in the
h i r e /
Appendix V III , Table 3 . Appendix V III , Table 6.4 Appendix V III , Table 4 . ' Appendix V III , Table 7 .5 Appendix V III , Table 5. ® Appendix V III , Table 8 .
9 Appendix V III , Table 9 .
h ir e purchase payments o f the la r g e group coming from 2 - a p a r t - 10,11
ment h o u s e s .
Standard o f Management
The p ro p o r t io n s o f w e l l -k e p t houses in c re a se d c o n s id e r a b ly
in a l l th r e e groups, but i t was noted th a t the d i f f e r e n t i a l
found between th e groups b e fo re reh ou sin g p e r s i s t e d . In
o th er words th e te n a n ts rehoused from sm all hou ses kept t h e i r
new h o u ses l e s s w e l l a t the end o f 6 months than the te n a n ts
rehoused from la r g e r h o u ses . The s i z e s o f the new houses were
a l l much th e same.
A s l i g h t r i s e occurred in th e prop ortion s o f f a m i l i e s own
in g t e l e v i s i o n s e t s or washing m achines, but o n ly in the la r g e
group from 2-apartm ent houses was the r i s e s i g n i f i c a n t , and then13on ly in r e s p e c t o f washing m achines. The changes in r e s p e c t
14o f immersion h e a t e r s , te le p h o n e s and c a rs were m inim al.
I l l n e s s e s
The p ro p o r tio n s o f p e r so n s , c h i ld r e n and a d u l t s , adm itted
to h o s p i t a l from the 3 groups over the 6 months a f t e r r eh o u s in g15showed l i t t l e change. The p ro p ortion s go in g to t h e i r d o c to r s '
s u r g e r ie s showed a d i s t i n c t r i s e w ith th e e x c e p t io n of the adultsi16from th e 1-apartm ent house group. I t has a lrea d y been noted
th a t th e a d u lt s in t h i s group v i s i t e d t h e i r d o c t o r s ' s u r g e r ie s ji
m ore/
Appendix V III , Table 8 . ^ Appendix V III , Table 11 . |11 Appendix V III , Table 9 . t * Appendix V III , T able 12 . j12 Appendix V III , Table 1 0 . lb Appendix V III , T able 13 . !15 Appendix V III , Table 11 .
more fr e q u e n t ly during the 6-month period "before reh ou sin g
than d id th e a d u lt s in the o ther two groups. The p r o p o r t io n s
o f p erson s c a l l i n g t h e i r d o c to rs out to the house showed a
l e s s marked r i s e , and on ly in the case o f the la r g e group from172-apartm ent houses were th e f ig u r e s o f s t a t i s t i c a l s i g n i f i c a n c e .
A f a l l occurred in the proportion o f housew ives who were
p regn an t, the f i g u r e s in th e ca ses o f the sm all groups from181-apartm ent and 3-apartment houses were not s i g n i f i c a n t .
Appendix T i l l , Table. 14* Appendix T i l l , Table 15#
FAMILIES REHOUSED FROM BUILDINGS DUE FOR DEMOLITION (5 2 c a s e s )
S ix months a f t e r reh o u s in g , t h i s group c o n s i s t e d o f 179
p e r so n s , com prising 107 a d u lts (60$) and 72 c h i ld r e n (4 0 $ ) .
The te n a n ts had a fa r h igh er op in ion o f Drumchapel than
o f t h e i r o ld a r ea s .^ S im ila r ly they found the new hou ses a
g r e a t improvement upon the o ld and a lthou gh th e new r a t e s and
r e n t s were co n s id er a b ly h ig h er , the p rop ortion s o f t e n a n ts con-2
s i d e n n g them e x c e s s iv e were much low er .
S l i g h t l y fewer o f the te n a n ts found t h e i r work to be w ith in
ea sy reach a f t e r moving out to Drumchapel,^ and 13$ o f th e t e n
a n ts changed t h e i r jobs during th e 6-month per iod a f t e r rehousing.
The t o t a l number o f w age-earners in the group was 71 • The av er
age number o f w age-earners per house and th e prop ortion o f hou se-4
w iv e s g o in g out to work remained p r a c t i c a l l y unchanged.
Income
A s l i g h t r i s e in average weekly income per household and
income per head had taken p la ce 6 months a f t e r r e h o u s in g .
Hire Purchase and Checks and Clubs
A marked r i s e occurred in both the p rop ortion o f f a m i l i e s
w ith h ir e purchase commitments and the average weekly payments
o f th o s e f a m i l i e s .^ On th e o th er hand the p ro p ortion o f fam
i l i e s w ith checks and c lu b s showed a marked f a l l . The average7w eekly payments in t h i s case showed a s l i g h t r i s e .
1 Appendix IX, Table 1 . \ Appendix IT, Table 5 .2 Appendix IX, Table 2 . ° Appendix IX, Table 6 .3 Appendix IX, Table 3 . 7 ippendix IX, Table 7 .4 Appendix IX, Table 4 .
Standard o f Management
A c o n s id e r a b le improvement in th e morale o f th e t e n a n ts
occurred a f t e r moving in to the new houses and l e a v in g behind
p r o p e r t ie s which were in a l l c a ses sub-standard and in many
c a s e s p o s i t i v e l y d e c r e p it and in s a n i t a r y . T h is improvement
was r e f l e c t e d in a co n s id era b ly h ig h er proportion o f w e l l - k e p t
hou ses and few er poorly kept h o u se s . 8
A s l i g h t r i s e was noted in the p rop o rtio n s o f f a m i l i e s
w ith t e l e v i s i o n s e t s and washing m achines, but th e p rop ortion
o f f a m i l i e s w ith cars remained unchanged and none of the fam-q
i l i e s had te le p h o n e s or immersion h e a t e r s .
I l l n e s s e s
Adm issions to h o s p i t a l showed l i t t l e change over th e 6-
month p er io d a f t e r r e h o u s i n g , b u t a marked r i s e occurred in
the number o f persons v i s i t i n g t h e i r d o c t o r s ’ s u r g e r i e s ^ and
a l e s s e r r i s e in the number c a l l i n g out t h e i r d o c to r s to the 12h o u se . The e x c e s s was l a r g e ly con fin ed to th e c h i ld r e n in
both c a s e s .
Pregnancy
A f a l l was noted in the number o f housew ives who were p reg-13n a n t , but th e d i f f e r e n c e was not s i g n i f i c a n t .
q Appendix IX, Table 8 .~ Appendix IX, Table 9 .
-*-0 Appendix IX, Table 10 .
Appendix IX, Table 1 1 .12 Appendix IX, Table 1 2 .13 Appendix IX, Table 1 3 .
FAMILIES REHOUSED FROM OLDER PUBLIC AUTHORITY HOUSES (35 c a s e s ) ;
The t o t a l number o f persons in t h i s group f e l l c o n s id e r a b ly
a f t e r r e h o u s in g . In many c a ses t h i s was due to o ld er r e l a t i v e s
b e in g l e f t behind in the o ld e r h o u ses . The f i g u r e s are shown
b elow .
Before reh ousin g A fte r reh o u s in g
T o ta l persons 223 127
A dults 146 66/o 75 59 f
. C h ild ren 77 W 52 41$
The Tenants
The proportion o f te n a n ts l i k i n g Lrumchapel was on ly a
l i t t l e h igh er than the proportion l i k i n g the o ld e r a r e a s .^ Many
o f • th e te n a n ts had been rehoused from "sem i-detach ed” or "4- i n -
a -b lock " type houses w ith gardens. I t was o n ly to be e x p e c te d , j
t h e r e f o r e , th a t reh ou sin g in t o a new area predom inantly b u i l t
over w ith tenem ents o f four s to r e y s was not regarded by many
te n a n ts as an improvement. Many o f th e te n a n ts exp ressed a
p r e fe r e n c e fo r t h e i r old h ou se , but went on to say th a t th e
move was worth w h ile fo r the sake o f g e t t i n g a house o f t h e i r cm.i
The average sum paid weekly in ren t and r a t e s was o n ly a
l i t t l e h ig h er than fo r th e o ld h o u ses . S l i g h t l y few er of the2t e n a n ts regarded th e new r a t e s and ren t as e x c e s s i v e .
Very l i t t l e change occurred in th e ease w ith which th e hu s- |
bands reached t h e i r work^ and none o f them changed t h e i r employ
m ent/
Appendix X, f a b le 1 .2 Appendix X, Table 2 .
Appendix X, Table 3 .
employment during the 6—month period a f t e r r e h o u s in g .
A c o n s id e r a b le f a l l occurred in the t o t a l number o f wage-
ea rn ers in th e group and the average number o f w age-earn ers per
h o u se .^ These changes r e f l e c t e d the "break-up" o f f a m i l i e s
th a t occurred a f t e r reh ou sin g and th e h igh er p rop ortion o f c h i ld
ren found in th e new h o u ses .
The average n e t weekly income per household showed a marked5
drop a f t e r r eh o u s in g , but the average income per head went up.
Hire Purchase
Hire purchase commitments became much more common in t h i s
group f o l lo w in g reh o u sin g , a lthough the average weekly payments
showed l i t t l e change. The f ig u r e s were very s im i la r to th o se
f o r th e f a m i l i e s rehoused from 1-apartm ent tenem ents and th e
e x p la n a t io n probably l i e s in the d i f f i c u l t y o f p u t t in g to g e th e r
f u r n i t u r e fo r a new house when l i v i n g in a " s in g le -e n d " , or a
f u l l y fu r n ish ed house b e lo n g in g to r e l a t i v e s , or a s u b - l e t
"furnished" room in a c o u n c i l h ou se .
Checks and Clubs
The f a l l in the proportion of f a m i l i e s w ith checks and
c lu b s , and t h e i r average weekly payments, was very s l i g h t . ^
I t has a lrea d y been noted th a t t h i s group s t a r t e d w ith c o n s id e r
a b ly few er f a m i l i e s h o ld in g checks and c lu bs than th e c o n tr o l
group.
Standard o f Management
The p rop ortion o f w e l l -k e p t houses showed a s l i g h t r i s e
o n l y , 8/
Appendix X, Table 4 .§ Appendix X, Table 5. b Appendix X, Table 6 .
7Appendix X, Table 7 .
8 Appendix X, Table 8 .
8o n ly , but s in c e th e se f a m i l i e s had a good reco rd in t h i s r e s
p ect b e fo r e reh o u s in g , the scope fo r improvement was l i m i t e d .
A s l i g h t in c r e a se occurred in the p ro p o r t io n s o f f a m i l i e s
w ith t e l e v i s i o n s e t s and washing m achines.^ L i t t l e change
occurred in r e s p e c t o f immersion h e a te r s , te le p h o n e s or c a r s . ^ j
I l l n e s s e s I
Adm issions to h o s p i t a l showed no change during th e 6 months |
f o l lo w in g rehousing,^"*- but a c o n s id e r a b le r i s e occurred in the12p ro p o r t io n o f persons v i s i t i n g d o c t o r s ’ s u r g e r ie s and a l e s s e r
r i s e occurred in the proportion o f persons c a l l i n g t h e i r d o c to rs13out to the h ou se . In both c a s e s , th e e x c e s s f e l l m ainly upon
th e a d u l t s .
Pregnancy
A r i s e was noted in th e number of housew ives who were preg
n a n t , but th e d i f f e r e n c e was not s i g n i f i c a n t . ^
® Appendix X, Table 8 .9 Appendix X, Table 9 .
10 Appendix X, Table 9 .11 Appendix X, Table 1 0 0
12 Appendix X, Table 11 . 1^ Appendix X, Table 12 . 14 Appendix X, Table 13-
/ Q *FAMILIES IN WHICH THE GENERAL HOME BACKGROUND (AS DISTINCT FROM THE HOUSE) WAS ASSESSED AS "POOR" OR "BAD" BEFORE RE
HOUSING “T4T~cas'e3 )------- ------
The t o t a l number o f persons in t h i s group a f t e r reh o u s in g
was 1 7 1 , com prising 85 a d u lt s (50%) and 86 c h i ld r e n (50%).
The Tenants
The r e a c t io n o f the te n a n ts in t h i s group to reh o u s in g
was very s im i la r to the r e a c t io n o f the f a m i l i e s from houses
due f o r d e m o l it io n , namely many more te n a n ts l i k i n g the new
area,-** and fa r few er c o n s id e r in g the new, and h ig h e r , r a t e s ando
r e n ts e x c e s s i v e .
S l i g h t l y few er te n a n ts found t h e i r work to be in easy reach
a f t e r moving out to Drumchapel,^ and 5% o f the te n a n ts changed
t h e i r job s during the 6-month p er iod a f t e r r e h o u s in g . The t o t a l
number o f w age-earners in th e group was 51. The average number
o f w age-ea rn ers per house and the proportion o f housew ives going
out to work showed l i t t l e change.^
Income
The average weekly income per household showed a s l i g h t
f a l l , but the income per head was unchanged.
Hire Purchase and Checks and Clubs
A c o n s id e r a b le r i s e to o k p lace in th e p ro p o rtio n o f fam
i l i e s w ith h ir e purchase commitments, but the average w eek lyc
payments o f th e s e f a m i l i e s showed l i t t l e change. The p rop ort
io n o f f a m i l i e s w ith checks and c lu b s , and t h e i r weekly payments,
showed/
2 Appendix XI, Table 1 . £ Appendix XI, Table 4 .Z Appendix XI, Table 2 . £ Appendix XI, Table 5 . Appendix XI, Table 3. 6 Appendix XI, Table 6 C
f f ,
showed o n ly a s l i g h t f a l l . ^
Standard o f Management
A most s t r i k i n g improvement took p la ce in th e standard of
home management^ and i t was obvious th a t many o f the housew ives
w ith a poor home assessm ent when seen in the o ld houses on ly
needed th e s t im u lu s o f decent surroundings to make a new s t a r t
in l i f e . The problem f a m i l i e s o r i g i n a l l y a s s e s se d as "bad"
in r e s p e c t o f t h e i r home management showed l i t t l e improvement,
and th e two f a m i l i e s , " lost" from t h i s group during th e 6 months
a f t e r r e h o u s in g , returned to t h e i r old l i v i n g c o n d it io n s in the
c e n tr e o f the c i t y .
Very l i t t l e change took p la c e in the p ro p o r t io n s o f fam
i l i e s w ith t e l e v i s i o n s e t s , washing m achines, immersion h e a t e r s ,
t e le p h o n e s and c a r s . 9
I l l n e s s e s
Adm issions to h o s p i t a l s showed l i t t l e change over the 6 -
month p er iod a f t e r reh o u sin g ,* ^ but a s l i g h t r i s e to o k p lace in
th e p r o p o r t io n s o f persons v i s i t i n g t h e i r d o c to r s ' s u r g e r i e s ^12and c a l l i n g t h e i r d o c to rs to the hou se . The e x c e s s was en
t i r e l y c o n f in e d to the c h ild re n in r e s p e c t o f v i s i t s to d o c to r s '
s u r g e r i e s , and la r g e ly confined to the a d u lt s in r e s p e c t o f
c a l l i n g d o c to r s to the house .
Pregnancy
A f a l l was noted in the number o f housew ives who were p reg -13n a n t , but the d i f f e r e n c e was not s i g n i f i c a n t .
7 Appendix XI, Table 7 .8 Appendix XI, Table 8 .9 Appendix XI, Table 9*
19 Appendix XI, Table 1 0 . H Appendix XI, Table 1 1 .12 Appendix XI, Table 1 2 .13 Appendix XI, Table 13*
FAMILIES CONTAINING- OLD-AGE PENSIONERS VISITED 6 MONTHSAFTER MOVING INTO NEW HOUSES (24 c a se s ) ^
T h is group was very much sm aller on r e v i s i t i n g because
many o f th e p en s io n ers in th e o ld houses were l e f t behind when
t h e i r r e l a t i v e s were rehoused, and such households were e x c lu d
ed from th e group. One p en sion er d ie d . On th e o th er hand one
or two new f a m i l i e s were in c lu d ed because o f p e n s io n e rs coming
to s ta y in th e new houses and because o f r e t i r a l s . The group
co n ta in ed 72 p erso n s , c o n s i s t i n g o f 56 a d u lts (78$) and 16
c h i ld r e n (2 2 $ ) .
The o ld f o l k took to Drumchapel f a r b e t t e r than might have
been e x p ected c o n s id e r in g th a t many o f them had l i v e d in the
c e n t r a l a rea s o f th e c i t y f o r 40 years or more. None o f th e
p e n s io n e r s d i s l i k e d Drumchapel and c o n s id er a b ly more l ik e d i t ,
than l i k e d the o ld a r e a s .1 None o f th e te n a n ts regarded t h e i r j
new r a t e s and r e n ts as e x c e s s iv e .
The incomes o f th e households s t i l l v a r ie d w id e ly a cco rd in g
t o whether or not th e y conta ined w a ge-earn ers . The f i g u r e s are
shown b e low .
Average weekly income per household
Average weekly income per head
F a m il ie s c o n ta in in g no w age-earners (9) £4 - 5 - 6d 7 0 / -F a m il ie s c o n ta in in g 1 or more wage-earne r s (15 ) £16 - 16 - l i d 8 2 /1 0
C on tro l Group £13 - 10 - Id ___________ 6?Z- .
Appendix X II, Table 1 .
Hire Purchase and Checks and Clubs
A s l i g h t r i s e took p lace in the proportion o f h ou seh o ld s
w ith h ir e purchase commitments and t h e i r average weekly pay- 2
m en ts. One household only held a check, th e weekly payment
b e in g 1 0 / - . None o f th e d i f f e r e n c e s were s i g n i f i c a n t .
Standard o f Management
A s l i g h t in c r e a se occurred in the proportion o f w e l l -k e p t
h o u s e s , 3 but th e h igh proportion o f such hou ses recorded during
th e i n i t i a l v i s i t s l e f t l i t t l e scope fo r fu r th e r improvement.
C on siderab ly more o f the households had t e l e v i s i o n s e t s when
v i s i t e d a f t e r 6 months, but only s l i g h t l y more had washing
m ach in es .^ There was l i t t l e change in the p ro p o r tio n s w ith
t e le p h o n e s and c a r s .
2 Appendix X II , Table 2 .3 Appendix X II, Table 3-4 Appendix X II, Table 4 .
5 Appendix XII , Table 4 .
FAMILIES CONTAINING- 1 C H IL D ,2 CHILDREN AID 3 OR MORE CHILDREN WHEN SEEN 6 MONTHS AFTER REHOUSING-
( l c h i ld - 85 c a se s )(2 c h ild re n - 148 c a ses )(3 or more c h ild re n - 96 c a s e s )
The numbers o f persons in the th r ee groups and th e pro
p o r t io n s o f c h ild re n to a d u lts are shown below .
" l -c h i ld "f a m i l i e s
"2-c h i ld "f a m i l i e s
--------- 1
”3 or more c h i l d ” f a m i l i e s
T o ta l p ersons 292 615 527
Adults 207 70$ 319 5 1 .9 $ 203 3 8 .5 $
C hildren 85 2 9 . 1$ 296 4 8 .1 $ 324 6 1 .5 $
More o f the te n a n ts in a l l th ree groups l ik e d Drumchapel
than l ik e d the old areas^ and fewer consid ered the new r e n ts2and r a t e s e x c e s s i v e .
A s l i g h t f a l l occurred in a l l th ree groups in th e t o t a l
numbers o f w age-earners and the average number of w age-earners3
per h ou se . The p ro p ortion s o f housew ives go in g out to work
showed l i t t l e change and the d i f f e r e n c e s noted during th e f i r s t
v i s i t s were m ain ta ined , namely f a r few er housew ives w ith la r g e
f a m i l i e s were ab le to go out to work than housew ives w ith sm all
f a m i l i e s . ^ Very few o f the p r in c ip a l te n a n ts changed t h e i r5
job s during th e f i r s t 6 months a f t e r r eh o u s in g .
Fewer husbands found t h e i r work to be w ith in easy reach
( 1 5 /
1 Appendix X I I I .Table 1 . £ Appendix XXII, Table 4 .2 Appendix X I I I , Table 2 . 3 Appendix X I I I , Table 5 .3 A p p e n d ix X I I I , T a b le 3 .
(1'j m inutes t r a v e l l i n g tim e) a f t e r moving to Drumchapel, but *
th e change was only very s l i g h t in the case o f the group o f
h o u seh o ld s c o n ta in in g 3 or more c h i ld r e n . 6
Income
The average n e t weekly income per household showed a s l i g h t
f a l l , but th e average income per head showed a s l i g h t r i s e in7
a l l th r e e groups.
E ire Purchase
A c o n s id er a b le r i s e took p la ce in th e p ro p o r t io n s o f fam
i l i e s w ith h ir e purchase commitments in a l l th ree groups, but
was most marked in th e case o f f a m i l i e s c o n ta in in g 3 or moreg
c h i ld r e n . Such f a m i l i e s u s u a l ly went to houses o f 4 or 5
apartm ents and, as has a lready been se e n , most o f them came
from houses which d i f f e r e d l i t t l e in r e s p e c t o f s i z e from th o s e
o f th e o th e r two groups. Many o f th e f a m i l i e s , t h e r e f o r e , went
to c o n s id e r a b le expense in new fu r n is h in g s . A s l i g h t r i s e on ly
to o k p la c e in the average weekly payments o f th e se f a m i l i e s
through th e th r ee groups.^
Checks and Clubs
The p ro p o r t io n s o f f a m i l i e s in the th r e e groups w ith checks
and c lu b s showed a marked f a l l 6 months a f t e r r e h o u s in g , but the
average weekly payments o f th e se f a m i l i e s showed very l i t t l e
change
S tan d ard /
6 aAppendix X III , Table 6 . Appendix X I II , Table 8 .
7 Appendix X III , Table 7* Appendix X I II , Table 9*8 Appendix X III , Table 8 .
7 6 ,Standard o f Management
The g e n e r a l standard o f management in the case o f f a m i l i e s11c o n ta in in g 1 or 2 c h i ld r e n showed a marked improvement, hut a
d i f f e r e n t p a tte rn emerged in r e sp e c t o f the la r g e r f a m i l i e s .
These showed in c r e a s e s in the p rop ortion s o f both w e l l - k e p t and
p o o r ly -k e p t houses at the expense o f the houses in which the12home assessm en t was judged to be f a i r .
A r i s e occurred in the p rop o rtio n s o f f a m i l i e s in the th r ee
groups w ith t e l e v i s i o n s e t s and washing m achines, but the d i f f e r
e n c e s were o n ly s i g n i f i c a n t in r e s p e c t o f the la r g e r f a m i l i e s
c o n ta in in g 3 or more c h i ld r e n .1 - This i s in l i n e w ith the f i n d
in g o f a h ig h in c id en ce of h ir e purchase commitments in t h i s
group, which has a lready been n o te d .
The changes in r e s p e c t o f immersion h e a te r s , te le p h o n e s
and ca rs were very s m a l l . ^
I l l n e s s e s
The p ro p ortion s o f p erson s , c h i ld r e n and a d u l t s , adm itted
to h o s p i t a l from the th r e e groups over the 6-months a f t e r r e -15h o u s in g showed l i t t l e change. On the o th er hand a d e f i n i t e
r i s e occurred in the p rop ortion s o f persons v i s i t i n g d o c t o r s 1
s u r g e r ie s in a l l th ree g r o u p s .^ The r i s e was l e a s t marked
amongst th e c h i ld r e n from th e s m a l le s t f a m i l i e s and went some
way towards c o r r e c t in g the d i f f e r e n t i a l noted during the v i s i t s
to th e o ld h o u se s , in which an e x c e s s o f v i s i t s to d o c t o r s ’
s u r g e r i e s /
11 Appendix X III , Table 10. ^ Appendix X III , Table 12 .12 Appendix X III , Table 11. 15 Appendix X III , Table 13 .13 Appendix X III , Table 12. 16 Appendix X III , Table 1 4 .
s u r g e r ie s occurred in r e s p e c t o f c h ild ren from sm all f a m i l i e s .
The a d u lt s l i v i n g in households c o n ta in in g 2 c h i ld r e n showed
on ly a s l i g h t r i s e in v i s i t s to the su rg ery . D o c to r s ’c a l l s
to th e house a l s o showed a d i s t i n c t r i s e g en era lly " ^ and, once
a g a in , t h i s r i s e was l e a s t amongst the c h i ld r e n o f th e sm all
f a m i l i e s . T h is t im e , however, the r i s e amongst a d u l t s was
l e a s t in th e "3 or more ch ild " fa m ily group.
S l i g h t l y fewer housew ives were pregnant in each o f the 1 Rth r e e groups.
n Appendix X III , Table 15 . Appendix X III , Table 16 .
FAMILIES IN WHICH ONE OR MORE MEMBERS SUFFERED FROM DISABILITIES WHICH SECURED THEM PRIORITY IN HOUSING.VISITED
AFTER 6 MONTHS (54 caseT)---------- ------------------ -
S ix months a f t e r reh ou sin g , t h i s group c o n s i s t e d o f 112
p e r so n s , com prising 80 a d u lts ( 71#) and 32 c h i ld r e n ( 2 9 # ) .
Very few o f the ten a n ts d i s l ik e d Drumchapel^ and none o f
them co n s id er ed t h e i r new r a t e 3 and r e n ts as e x c e s s i v e .^ This
was a c o n s id e r a b le change from the s i t u a t i o n ju s t b e fo re r e
h ou sin g when alm ost h a l f o f the ten an ts d i s l ik e d t h e i r o ld areas
and co n s id er ed t h e i r r a te s and r e n ts as too h ig h .
Very l i t t l e change occurred in the ease w ith which the t e n
a n ts reached t h e i r work but a s l i g h t l y h igher p rop o rtio n o f them
sp en t l e s s tim e t r a v e l l i n g . The proportion o f t e n a n ts chang
in g t h e i r work during the 6-month period a f t e r r eh o u s in g was 7#°
The t o t a l number o f w age-earners in the group was 4 9 9g iv in g
an average o f 1 .4 4 w age-earners per h ou se . A s l i g h t l y h ig h e r
p ro p o r tio n o f housew ives were go ing out to work.^
Income
The average weekly income per household f e l l s l i g h t l y a f t e r5
r e h o u s in g , but the average income per head showed a s l i g h t r i s e .
H ire Purchase , Checks and Clubs
The proportion o f f a m i l i e s w ith h ir e purchase commitments
and t h e i r average weekly payments had gone up 6 months a f t e r r e -
h o u s in g , but the proportion w ith checks and c lu b s to g e th e r w ith7t h e i r average weekly payments had f a l l e n . The changes in a l l
c a s e s were s l i g h t 0
S ta n d ard /
1 Appendix XIV, Table 1 . \ Appendix XIV, Table 5 .2 Appendix XIV, Table 2 . ° Appendix XIV, Table 6 .3 Appendix XIV, Table 3 . 7 Appendix XIV, Table 7 .4 Appendix XIV, Table 4*
Standard o f Management
More o f the new houses were w e l l -k e p t a f t e r 6 months hut
th e d i f f e r e n c e was not s i g n i f i c a n t . 8
A marked r i s e occurred in the p rop ortion s o f f a m i l i e s w ith
t e l e v i s i o n s e t s and washing m achines,^ hut changes in r e s p e c t o f
immersion h e a t e r s , te le p h o n e s and cars were m in im al.^ 8
I l l n e s s e s
A dm issions to h o s p i t a l f e l l during the 6-month period a f t e r11r e - h o u s in g . The f a l l was e n t i r e l y con fin ed to th e a d u l t s ,
A s l i g h t r i s e took p la ce in th e p ro p o rtio n s o f persons v i s i t i n g1 ? 13t h e i r d o c to r s ' s u r g e r ie s and c a l l i n g d o c to rs to th e h ou se ,
hut only in r e sp e c t o f c a l l s to see c h i ld r e n in th e house was
th e r i s e o f any s i g n i f i c a n c e .
Pregnancy
One h ou sew ife was pregnant. No housew ives were pregnant
when seen in the o ld h ou ses .
The group g e n e r a l ly showed c o n s id er a b le b e n e f i t from r e
h o u s in g . Husbands and w ives g iv en p r i o r i t y because o f pulmon
ary t u b e r c u lo s i s u s u a l ly looked and f e l t b e t t e r p h y s i c a l l y . Very
o f te n t h e i r whole m ental a t t i t u d e to i l l n e s s had changed and i n
t e r e s t s were centred upon the new home and the new l i f e which was
b e in g c re a te d in i t r a th er than the p o s s i b i l i t y o f r ecu rren ce o f
d is e a s e and d i s a b i l i t y . Sometimes the e f f e c t s o f r eh o u s in g were
q u ite s t r i k i n g , a case in p o in t was th a t o f Mrs.C. Mrs.C.
s u f f e r e d /
8 Appendix XIV, Table 8 . 11 Appendix XIY, Table 10 .9 Appendix XIV, Table 9 . 12 Appendix XIY, Table 1 1 .
10 Appendix XIY, Table 9 . 1* Appendix XIV, Table 1 2 .
s u f f e r e d from, m itr a l s t e n o s i s o f rheumatic o r ig in and under
went m it r a l valvotomy about a year b e fo re r eh o u s in g . She l i v e d
w ith her husband and one c h i ld in a "room and k itch en " h o u se .
There was no bath and the t o i l e t was shared by th r e e o th er fam
i l i e s . The b u i ld in g was d e c r e p it and the c lo s e and a c c e s s
s ta ir w a y s dark, unpleasant and d i r t y . Mrs. C 's house was s i t
uated on th e to p f l o o r , th ree s t a i r s up. Mrs.C. was a nervous
and s l i g h t l y in t r o s p e c t iv e woman. She kept her house in f a i r l y
good o r d e r , but was very worried about be ing v i s i t e d by th e
s a n i ta r y in s p e c to r b efore moving house . She s t a t e d th a t many
o f th e o th e r te n a n ts in th e c lo s e had moved out and th e te n a n ts
r e p la c in g them cared l i t t l e f o r the s t a t e o f the c lo s e and were
f r e q u e n t ly n o is y and u n p le a sa n t. On th e su b je c t o f her o p e r a t
io n she s t a t e d th a t a f t e r d isch arg e from h o s p i t a l she was d e t e r
mined to g e t w e l l and fo llo w ed the in s t r u c t io n s g iv en her by the
m ed ica l s t a f f w ith grea t c a r e . She soon f e l t , however, th a t
" th in g s were g e t t in g on to p o f her" and th a t she was l o s i n g
ground r a th e r than g a in in g . Her o p era tio n sca r gave her con
s id e r a b le d iscom fort and she c o u ld n 't h e lp wondering i f " th in gs
were g o in g wrong ag a in ." Rehoused in t o a 3-apartm ent ground
f l o o r f l a t , the change a f t e r 6 months was dram atic . She no
lo n g e r appeared nervous and i n t r o s p e c t iv e and she showed o f f her
new house w ith obvious p leasu re and p r id e . The su b je c t o f the
o p e r a tio n sc a r was d ism issed by her as b e in g o f l i t t l e im port
an ce . She sa id i t s t i l l gave a l i t t l e pain from time to tim e but
she d id n ’t worry about i t . She s ta te d th a t she had made up a l l
the ground l o s t in the o ld house and more. She had been back
to /
to th e h o s p i t a l as an o u t - p a t ie n t fo r a check-up and th e s t a f f
th e r e were most im pressed by her p r o g r ess .
EXAMINATION QT THE TAM I LIES ONE YEAR ATTER MOVING INTO NEW
COUNCIL HOUSES.
OVERALL GROUP.
During the second s i x month period a f t e r reh ousin g ,
10 f a m i l i e s were l o s t . Tive obtained exchanges to other
l o c a l a u th o r ity hou ses , 4 were u n w il l in g to cooperate fu r th e r
in the survey and one fam ily was unobtainable in s p i t e of
rep eated v i s i t i n g over a period of se v e r a l weeks. The
rem aining 387 f a m i l i e s contained 1560 persons and c o n s is te d
of 869 a d u lt s (55*7$) and 691 c h ild re n ( 4 4 »3$ ) #
The ten a n ts op in ion s of Drumchapel showed l i t t l e change
a f t e r one year and, s im i la r ly , there was l i t t l e change in
the proportion of ten a n ts regarding the r e n ts and r a te s o f
t h e i r new houses as too h igh . The f ig u r e s are shown below .
Opinion o f Drumchapel A fter I year A fter 6 months j
Like 86 *6 fo 88*2# |
Reserved 10*6/1
Q '3 f |
D is l ik e 2*8 °/o1
3 ’ 3% |»
Not s i g n i f i c a n t j}•After I year
--jA fter 6 months j
*...... — ........— .. “i ............Rent & r a te s consideredtoo h igh in new house j 1*8#
\1
3-5% j1
Not s i g n i f i c a n t j
The p r in c ip a l ten an ts changed t h e ir employment in 5*7$
of c a se s during the second 6-month period a f t e r reh o u sin g .
The t o t a l number of wage earners in the group was 551, g iv in g
an average o f 1*42 wage earners per house . The proportion of
h o u sew iv es /
8S.housew ives going out to work was 27*7%• None o f th e se f ig u r e s
d i f f e r e d s i g n i f i c a n t l y from the f in d in g s at the end of 6 months
A s l i g h t improvement was noted in the time spent t r a v e l l i n g
to work. The f ig u r e s are shown below.
Ease o f g e t t in g to work from Drumchapel
A fter I year A fter 6 months
Work in ’’easy reach” (Up to 15 minutes) 22*156 18*756
" P a ir ly easy reach" (I5 + -4 0 minutes) 56*4$ 52-456
" D i f f i c u l t ”(Over 40 minutes) 21*536 28*9$
B ord er lin e s ig n i f i c a n c e X = 5*20 P < 0 * I
S e v e ra l f a c t o r s played a part in t h i s improvement. Many
of the te n a n ts bought them selves b i c y c l e s and a u to c y c le s and
s e v e r a l ran l i g h t vans in which they picked up t h e i r workmates.
P u b lic tra n sp o rt was a lso improved and a s p e c ia l bus s e r v ic e
was s t a r t e d which came through the new scheme i t s e l f at
c e r t a in tim es o f the day.
Income
The average net weekly income per household , in c lu s iv e
of c h i ld r e n s a llo w a n ces , pensions and other b e n e f i t s wasj ^
£ 1 3 -1 2 -5 . The average income per head was 67 /6 . These f i g u r e s
d i f f e r e d l i t t l e from the f ig u r e s recorded at s i x months.
Hire Purchase
The proportion of f a m i l ie s w ith h ir e purchase commitments
and the average weekly payments of th ese f a m i l i e s remained at
a h igh l e v e l one year a f t e r reh ou sin g . The f ig u r e s are shown
below and d i f f e r e d very l i t t l e from the f in d in g s at s i x months.
f — ■ 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - — . . . . . —i I: . .. . i A fter I year
• - . . . . . . T
A fter 6 months 1
: Drumchapel f a m i l i e s with j i h ir e purchase commitments j 48*3$ 48*9$ •
■ Average weekly payments ! 1 7 / - 1 8 / - |
Checks and Clubs
The proportion of f a m i l i e s with checks and c lu b s remained
at a low l e v e l a t the end of one year and the weekly payments
were a l s o l i t t l e changed. The f ig u r e s are shown below .
~ j A fter I year [ A fter 6 months : _________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ i ________________________________________________________ ;
| Drumchapel f a m i l i e s with [~ ' :« checks and c lu b s | 14*0$ I 12*9$ •! ! I*■»■■ 1 -»■■»■—■—............... . .I ...... . . . . ■ ■ ■■ 11, i . ..I,——-m-.,!,.—„ ..a - - *
Average weekly payment j 1 0 / - j 10/10 ■
Standard o f management
No s i g n i f i c a n t d i f fe r e n c e was found in the standard o f
management o f the houses a f t e r one year as compared w ith s i x
months. The f ig u r e s are shown below and su ggest a s l i g h t s h i f t
from good to f a i r and from poor or bad to f a i r .
Assessment of of new house
management ! A fter I year ' A fter 6 months
Good 1 78*156 I ___ _80_._6$_________
F a ir • 16* 556 ; 1 3 *4$ !
Poor or badi i
| 5*4$ ;i
6*0$ |
The t o t a l o f 387 households r ec e iv ed 178 v i s i t s from
’’h ou sin g n u r se s” during the second s i x months a f t e r reh o u s in g .
The 41 remaining households from the group a sse s se d as ’’poor or
bad” in the o ld houses rece iv ed 23 v i s i t s and the 21 hou sehold s
a s s e s s e d as ’’poor or bad” in t h e i r new houses a f t e r one year
r e c e iv e d 14 v i s i t s . In other words, f a m i l i e s unable to m aintain
a c le a n house r ec e iv ed very l i t t l e ex tr a su p e r v is io n from
the "housing nu rses" .
An example of a fam ily which d e te r io r a te d a f t e r rehousing
and r e c e iv e d inadequate su p e rv is io n was th a t o f Mr and Mrs M.
Rehoused from a room and k itch en tenement house due fo r
d e m o l it io n , Mr and Mrs M.maintained a house which rated an
assessm ent of " fa ir " . Mr M.was 47 years old and there were
two boys and a g i r l aged 8 , 10 and 14 y e a r s . He worked as a
docker and s ta te d h i s net earn ings to be £8 a week. His work
was w ith in 15 minutes walking time of the old house . Mr M's
c h ie f p le a su r e s were "a p in t and a game of dominoes". Mrs M
l ik e d "going to the p ic tu r e s " . There was no t e l e v i s i o n s e t
or washing machine in the house . Mr M .slep t in the k itch en
w ith the o ld er boy, and Mrs M .slep t in the room with the g i r l
and the younger boy.
S h o r t ly a f t e r moving to t h e ir new three apartment house
in Drumchapel, Mr M.was admitted to h o s p i t a l fo r ten days
w ith an a t ta ck of acute b r o n c h i t i s . This was fo llow ed by a
s i n g le v i s i t to the chest c l i n i c of another h o s p i t a l and
t h e r e a f t e r he remained o f f work and r ece iv ed n a t io n a l h e a lth
insurance and n a t io n a l a s s i s t a n c e payments amounting to
£ 6 - I 5 - 6 d w eekly. The standard of management of the house f e l l
to "poor" and the fam ily appeared d i s s a t i s f i e d and unhappy.
They complained th at bus fa r e s were high and th a t th ere was
nowhere to go . The daughter d i s l ik e d her new sch oo l and her
paren ts f e l t she was being "pressed too hard" at her work.
The/
The o ld e r of the two boys had r e c e n t ly been in trou b le with
the p o l i c e .
When seen a f t e r one year, Mr M.was s t i l l o f f work and
showed no in c l in a t io n to s t a r t a ga in . He had required no
m edical a t t e n t io n fo r over s i x months apart from the s ig n in g
of h i s panel l i n e . Meanwhile Mrs M.had found a job as a maid
in one of the c i t y h o s p i t a l s and was earn ing £5-10-0^ w eekly .
The house by t h i s time was o b v io u sly uncared fo r and some
of the f i tm e n ts were damaged. The fam ily by t h i s time was
c a u sin g co n sid era b le d i s t r e s s to many of the ten a n ts in the
b u i ld in g . The o lder of the two boys was outw ith p aren ta l
c o n tr o l and offended the neighbours w ith h i s n o ise and obscene
lan gu age , and a ls o by w r it in g and drawing on the w a l ls o f the
c l o s e . Complaints to the f a c t o r ' s o f f i c e had brought no
s a t i s f a c t i o n and the p o s i t io n of the other ten a n ts was
weakened by two r e l a t i v e s o f Mr M.rehoused in the same c l o s e .
N a tu r a l ly enough the fam ily he ld to g eth er in r e s i s t i n g the
com p la in ts from t h e ir neighbours.
Mr and Mrs M .started o f f as a mediocre fa m ily , in t h e i r
old h ou se , but d e te r io r a te d in to a problem fam ily a f t e r
r eh o u s in g . The trou b le appeared to be a poor home atmosphere
and p la in f e c k l e s s n e s s . M iles ton es in the d e t e r io r a t io n a f t e r
reh ou sin g were Mr M's i l l n e s s which was used a f t e r a per iod
to excuse him from going out to work, and the added t r a v e l l i n g
time to h i s o ld work in the docks from Drumehapel. When Mrs M
f i n a l l y found a job and became the c h ie f breadwinner, a l l
a t te m p ts /
ay.attem p ts to m aintain the home were at l a s t abandoned. Over
the one year period the fa m ily r ec e iv ed three v i s i t s from
the "housing nu rses" , whose i n t e r e s t s in any case were merely
the symptomatic r e l i e f of a d i r t y house and not the r a d ic a l
treatm ent of a s p l i t fam ily u n i t .
The proportion of households with t e l e v i s i o n s e t s showed
a fu r th e r s i g n i f i c a n t r i s e a t the end of the second s i x
months. The proportion with washing machines showed on ly a
s l i g h t r i s e . The f ig u r e s are shown below.
Drumchapel households w ith - A fter I year jL \
A fter 6 months iP
T e le v i s io n s e t s 88*1$ | L
82-1# !i
Washing machines 33*9$ | 30-0$ I
T e le v i s io n s e t s ](*a 5-55 P < 0 -0 2 tt
Washing machines Not s i g n i f i c a n t ........... . ....... ... ' ii
i
A s i g n i f i c a n t r i s e occurred in the proportions of f a m i l i e s
w ith immersion h e a ter s and te le p h o n e s , but a very s l i g h t r i s e
on ly occurred in the proportion of f a m i l i e s with r e f r i g e r a t o r s ,
and the proportion of f a m i l i e s w ith cars showed a fu r th e r s l i g h t
f a l l . The f ig u r e s are shown below.
Drumchapel househ o ld s w ith -
A fter I year
A fter 6 months
Immersion h e a ter s 8*3$ 3*3^ )[X 2 9*03 PCO.OI
Telephones 10*1# 4*0$ )(x j I0«00 PCO-OI
R e fr ig e r a to r s 1*80 0-3^ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Cars 9»0$ 9*6^ _____ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Fam ily D octorsAt the end o f the f i r s t s i x month period a f t e r rehousing
1 5 0 /
150 f a m i l i e s who should have changed t h e ir d o ctors had f a i l e d
to do s o . At the end of one year, 145 of th ese f a m i l i e s
remained and during the second s i x months p er iod , 19 o f th ese
f a m i l i e s had changed to a l o c a l doctor ( 1 5 *1%), but on ly 2
had changed on t h e ir own i n i t i a t i v e - the remaining 17 had
changed a f t e r an i l l n e s s had required them to c a l l or see a
d o c to r .
I l l n e s s e s
The v i s i t s to the new houses a f t e r one year, corresponded
d i r e c t l y w ith the v i s i t s to the old houses and are compared
w ith them below. There was no s i g n i f i c a n t change in the
p ro p o r t io n s of persons, a d u lts and c h ild re n admitted to
h o s p i t a l during the second s i x months period a f t e r reh o u sin g .
Adm issions to h o s p i t a l
r~...... ..............Second 6 months
Beforemoving
Persons 4*0$ 4 *4$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
| C hildren ! _____________
A dults*•
3 -0$ ! 3•3$14 . 7 # r 5 -2^1
There was an increased demand on g en era l p r a c t i t io n e r s
s e r v i c e s . Three hundred and e igh ty -on e persons made 907 v i s i t s
to d o c to r s s u r g e r ie s during the second s i x months period
a f t e r reh o u sin g . In other words 24*4# of the persons v i s i t e d
d o c to r s ' s u r g e r ie s as compared with 15*2$ of the persons
before reh o u sin g . The in crease was s i g n i f i c a n t ()( 3 44-94 P <0*001),
T his f in d in g p e r s is t e d when the data was broken down in to
sep a ra te groups fo r ad u lts and c h i ld r e n . The f ig u r e s are
shown/
shown below .
P ersons v i s i t i n g Second ' Before — .......— {jsu rgery 6 months moving 1
C hildren.
19-3$ 12 .7$ Xx * io*55 p < o * o o i !
A dults 28*5$ 17-1$ X * a 36*03 P < 0*001 |
The nature of the v i s i t s i s tab u la ted below.
"Child v i s i t s ” . (198)
I # I n f e c t io u s c o n d it io n s - 69 (34*9$)
” c o ld s ” , t o n s i l l i t i s , "catarrh” , chickenpox, mumps,” in f lu e n z a ” .
2 . Skin c o n d it io n s - 26 (15*1$)
J5. I n j u r ie s - 24 (12*1$)
4 . Immunisations - 23 ( 11*6$)
P o l io m y e l i t i s (1 5 ) , d ip h th e r ia and whooping cough ( 4 ) , v a c c in a t io n ( 4 )#
Various co n d it io n s
" b r o n c h it is” and "cough” - 18." Acute abdomen ”- 8 . (None of th ese ca ses went to
th e a tr e )P rop h y lact ic p e n i c i l l i n V .- 6 (P rev iou s a t ta ck of rheumatic fev e r )M isce llan eou s and i l l - d e f i n e d - 24.
Adult v i s i t s . (709)
1 . R esp ira tory t r a c t d i s e a s e s - 157 (22*1$)
2 . V i s i t s fo r "sick l i n e s ” - 77 (10*9$) (Second or f i n a l c e r t i f i c a t e s , not in v o lv in g examination of the p a t ie n t )
A n te-n a ta l and p o s t -n a ta l care _ 75 (10*6$)
4 . Routine p r e sc r ip t io n s - 58 (8*2$)
A n ti-tu b ercu lo u s drugs, d i g i t a l i s , in s u l in , phenobarbitone, "cough b o t t l e s ” .
Skin c o n d it io n s - 42 (5*9^)
6 . D ise a se s of muscles and .joints - 40 (5*0$)
7 . "Nerves” - 33 (4*70)
8 . "Anaemia” - 32 (4*50)
2# D ise a se s of the ca rd io -v a scu la r system - 31 (4*4%)
1 0 . Various c o n d it io n s - I64
These v i s i t s broke down in to very sm all numbers, and in many ca ses a d ia g n o s is was absent or obscure .
C a l l s to the house by gen era l p r a c t i t io n e r s numbered 435
and were made to 221 persons or 14*20 of the p eo p le . This
rep resen ted a r i s e of bord er lin e s ig n i f i c a n c e over the f ig u r e
of 12*1 °/o recorded fo r the eq u iv a len t period before reh ousin g ,
(X " 3 * 5 I P ^ O - I ) . The r i s e in the proportion of a d u lts c a l l i n g
the d octo r was s i g n i f i c a n t , but a s l i g h t f a l l occurred in the
p rop ortion of ch ild ren to whom the doctor was c a l l e d . The
f i g u r e s are shown below.
i Persons c a l l i n g Second Before--- —1 1 ■ —!
1i d o c to r to house 6 months moving i
C hildren 15*5$ 17-401
Not s i g n i f i c a n t |.............. j
A dults 13*10 8*20 , ..... .
X X *12-30 P < 0 - 0 0 I |
The nature of the home v i s i t s i s ta b u la ted below .
V i s i t s to c h i ld r e n . (144)
1 . I n f e c t io u s d i s e a s e s - 90 (62*5$)“ TonsIIITETs’l3 'I T ,“" c o ld s” ( 20) , " influenza" ( 1 5 ) ,
chickenpox ( 10) , "diarrhoea and vomiting" ( 4 ) , mumps (4 ) whooping cough ( 3 ) , i n f e c t iv e h e p a t i t i s ( 2 ) , m easles ( I )
2 . R esid u a l b r o n c h it is fo l lo w in g acute in f e c t io u s
i l l n e s s e s - 15 (9*0$)
2 . I n ju r ie s - 8
4 . "Acute abdomen"- 8 (no d ia g n o s is made).
5 . Rheumatic fe v e r - 5
6 . Skin c o n d it io n s - 3 ■'*
2 . M isce llan eou s and i l l - d e f i n e d - 17
V i s i t s to a d u l t s . (291)
1 . R esp ira to ry t r a c t d i s e a s es - 133 (45*70)
2 . D is e a s e s o f the c a rd io -v a scu la r system - 44 (15*10)
2 . M aternity work - 37 (12*70)
4 . D is e a s e s o f m uscles and j o i n t s - 31 (10-70)
5 . M isce llaneous and i l l - d e f i n e d - 46
The most probable cause for the r i s e in demand on g en era l
p r a c t i t i o n e r s e r v ic e s was the proxim ity of new group p r a c t ic e
s u r g e r ie s to the scheme, s i t e d w ith in l e s s than f iv e minutes
walking time o f most o f the h ou ses . I t i s u n l ik e ly th a t the
r i s e rep resen ted a h igher inc id en ce o f i l l n e s s in th a t h o s p i t a l
a d m iss io n s , and the p attern of i l l n e s s showed l i t t l e change.
I t i s a l s o u n l ik e ly th a t enthusiasm amongst the new d o c to rs
to b u i ld up a p r a c t ic e led to e x tr a v i s i t i n g or r e tu r n s , s in c e
the f i g u r e s d id not show an in crea se in the number o f c a l l s
or v i s i t s in ex ce ss o f the number o f persons making use o f
the g e n e ra l p r a c t i t i o n e r s ’ s e r v i c e s .
^ ? 0R THE second s ix months after
MOVING INTO NEW COUNCIL HOUSES.
In t h i s s e c t io n comparison i s made with the f in d in g s
during the f i r s t s i x months a f t e r rehousing fo r each of the
e le v e n sub-groups in turn . For the sake of c l a r i t y the f a m i l i e s
coming from I , 2 and 3-apartment tenement houses are grouped
to g e th e r and the households co n ta in in g I , 2 and 3 or more
c h i ld r e n are l ik e w is e grouped to g e th e r .
FAMILIES REHOUSED FROM I , 2 AND 3 -APARTMENT TENEMENT HOUSES.
(I-apartm ent - 48 c a ses )(2-apartment - 248 c a se s )(3-apartment - 45 c a ses )
The numbers of persons in the three groups and the
p ro p o r t io n s of ch ild ren to a d u lts are shown below.
1
; T o ta l persons
---- ------------ ---- ------------- —... ...... ",..... ....... .............. 'I -ap t group 2-apt group j 3-apt group (
171 ! 1016 j 211 |___ 1 ........ . .......................... . J
; A d u lts 95 55*60 j 563 55*40i
112 53*10 |
| C hildreni
76 44*40 | 453 44*60 99 46*90 |iVery l i t t l e change occurred in the p roportions of ten a n ts
T
l i k i n g Drumchapel and the proportions co n s id er in g the r e n ts2and r a t e s to be e x c e s s iv e .
A s l i g h t drop occurred in the average number o f w age-earners
p e r /
I . Appendix XV, Table I . 2 . Appendix.XV, Table 2 .
-z ' IS,per nouse m the I-apartment group. This was probably related,
to a s l i g h t f a l l in the proportion of housewives going out to
work in t h i s group! The changes in the 2-apartment and 3-a.partment
groups in r e sp ec t o f average number of wage—earners per house^
and housew ives going out to work? were -very sm a ll . A sm all
prop ortion only of the p r in c ip a l ten a n ts changed t h e i r work
during the second s i x month period fo l lo w in g rehousing?
A s l i g h t improvement was apparent in the ease w ith which
the husbands reached th e ir work in the 2 and 3-apartment groups?
T his f in d in g was in l in e with the f in d in g s for the o v e r a l l group,
but was not s t a t i s t i c a l l y s i g n i f i c a n t .
Income
The average net weekly income per household and per head
in the three groups showed p r a c t i c a l l y no change?
Hire purchase commitments and checks and c lu b s .
A s i g n i f i c a n t drop occurred in the proportion of f a m i l i e s
from the I-apartment group with h ir e purchase comm itm ents^ The
other two groups showed no s i g n i f i c a n t change in t h i s r e s p e c t^ 1 and the average weekly payments in a l l three groups showed
12l i t t l e change.
The proportions of f a m i l i e s in the three groups with
checks and c lu b s , and th e ir average weekly payments remained13
at a low l e v e l .
3 . Appendix XY, Table 3 . 9 . Appendix XV, Table 7 .4 . Appendix XV, Table 4 . 10. Appendix XV, Table 8 .5 . Appendix XV, Table 3 . I I . Appendix XV, Table 8 .6 . Appendix XV, Table 4 . 12. Appendix XV, Table 8 .7 . Appendix XV, Table 5 . 13. Appendix XV, Table 9 .8 . Appendix XV, Table 6 .
Standard of management.
Although no s i g n i f i c a n t changes occurred in the p rop ortion s
of w e l l kept houses in the three groups, the d i f f e r e n t i a l found
between the groups before rehousing (namely fewer ten a n ts in
the sm a ller houses kept t h e ir houses w e l l) and noted again
a f t e r s i x months, showed s ig n s of d isapp ear in g due to a s l i g h t
improvement in the I-apartment group and a s l i g h t d e t e r io r a t io n
in the 3-apartment g ro u p ^
A r i s e o f b ord er lin e s ig n i f i c a n c e occurred in the p rop ortion s
of f a m i l i e s owning t e l e v i s i o n s e t s and coming from I-apartm ent15and 2-apartment h ou ses . A s l i g h t r i s e a lso occurred in the
p ro p o r t io n s o f f a m i l i e s with washing machines, but was not 16s i g n i f i c a n t .
Telephones and immersion h e a ter s were acquired by f a m i l i e s
in a l l th ree groups, but only in the case of the la rg e172-apartment group were the r i s e s s i g n i f i c a n t .
No s i g n i f i c a n t changes occurred in the p roportions of18f a m i l i e s w ith r e f r ig e r a to r s or c a r s .
I l l n e s s e s .
The f in d in g s in re sp ec t of h o s p i t a l adm issions and
g e n e r a l p r a c t i t io n e r load were in l in e w ith the f in d in g s19fo r the o v e r a l l group.
The proportion of housewives who were pregnant showed 20l i t t l e change. _________________________
14. Appendix XV, Table 10. 18 . Appendix XV, Table I I .15. Appendix XV, Table I I . 19 . Appendix XV, T ables 12, 13 & 14.16. Appendix XV, Table I I . 20 . Appendix XV, Table 15.17 . Appendix XV, Table I I .
FAMILIES REHOUSED PROM BUILDINGS DUE FOR DEMOLITION. (4 9 c a s e s )
One year a f t e r rehousing t h i s group c o n s is te d of 173
persons comprising 103 a d u lts ( 60$) and 70 c h ild re n (4 0 $ ) .
There was p r a c t i c a l l y no change in the op in ion s o f the ten a n ts
e i t h e r o f Drumchapel1 or of the r en ts and r a te s o f the new 2
h o u se s . The ease with which the c h ie f ten a n ts reached t h e i r-z.
work a l s o showed l i t t l e change. During the second s i x month
p eriod a f t e r reh ousin g , 10$ of the ten a n ts changed t h e i r jobs
and the t o t a l number of wage-earners in the group was 72,
g iv in g an average o f 1*47 wage-earners per hou se . There was
no change in the proportion of housewives go ing out to work!
Income
A s l i g h t r i s e in the average weekly income per household
and income per head took p lace during the second s i x months
a f t e r reh o u sin g .
Hire purchase and checks and c lu b s .
L i t t l e change occurred during the second s i x months period6 7in r e sp e c t o f h ire purchase commitments and checks and c lu b s !
Approxim ately one th ir d of the f a m i l i e s he ld checks and c lu b s ,
and ra th er over a h a l f had h ir e purchase commitments.
1 . Appendix XVI, Table I . 5 . Appendix XVI, Table 5*2 . Appendix XVI, Table 2 . 6 . Appendix XVI, Table 6 .3 . Appendix X¥I, Table 3 . 7 . Appendix XVI, Table 7 .4 . Appendix XVI, Table 4 .
Standard of management.
The standard of management remained much improved a f t e r
one y ea r , although there was p r a c t i c a l ly no change from theo
p o s i t i o n a t s i x months. The group s t i l l compared unfavourably
w ith the o v e r a l l group in r e sp ec t of standard of management.
A s l i g h t in crea se occurred in the p roportions of f a m i l i e s
w ith t e l e v i s i o n s e t s , washing machines and immersers, butQ
none o f the changes were s i g n i f i c a n t . One household acquired
a r e f r i g e r a t o r .
I l l n e s s e s and pregnancy.
The f in d in g s in r esp ec t o f h o s p i t a l admissions'*'0 andII & 12g e n e r a l p r a c t i t io n e r s ' work were In l in e w ith the f in d in g s
fo r the o v e r a l l group.
The proportion of housewives who were pregnant, showed
a s l i g h t but n o n - s ig n i f ic a n t r i s e ^
8 . Appendix XVI, Table 8 . I I . Appendix XVI, Table I I .9 . Appendix XVI, Table 9 . 12. Appendix XVI, Table 12.
10. Appendix XVI, Table 10. 13. Appendix XVI, Table 13 .
FAMILIES REHOUSED FROM OLDER PUBLIC AUTHORITY HOUSES. (3 2 c a s e s
T his group showed very l i t t l e change during the second
s i x month period a f t e r reh ousin g . Such changes as d id occur
were in l i n e with the o v e r a l l group. The f ig u r e s are g iven
in appendix XVII, ta b le s I - 14.
A s i g n i f i c a n t f a l l occurred in the proportion o f f a m i l i e s
w ith h ir e purchase commitments. The f a m i l i e s from the o ld er
p u b lic a u th o r ity houses were the on ly sub-group to show such a
drop a f t e r one y e a r .
FAMILIES IN WHICH THE GENERAL HOME BACKGROUND (AS DISTINCT
FROM THE HOUSE) WAS ASSESSED AS "POOR" OR "BAD" BEFORE
REHOUSING. (41 c a ses )
The t o t a l number of persons in t h i s group a f t e r one year
was 172 , com prising 92 a d u lts ( 54$) and 80 c h ild re n ( 46%).
No s i g n i f i c a n t changes occurred during the second s i x
months a f t e r rehousing , but when compared w ith the o v e r a l l
group, t h i s group s t i l l showed se v e r a l d e f i c i e n c i e s . The
standard of management of the houses f e l l fa r below the
o v e r a l l group, although the improvement was c o n s id e r a b le .
The in c id en ce of h ire purchase commitments and checks and
c lu b s was h igher than in the o v e r a l l group. The f ig u r e s fo r
the group are la id out in appendix XVIII, ta b le s I - 13.
S e v e ra l of the f a m i l ie s showed no change in t h e ir h a b it s
whatsoever a f t e r reh ousin g . Such a case was th a t of Mr and Mrs L
aged 33 and 23 years r e s p e c t iv e ly who came from a "room and
k itchen" (2-apartm ent) in a condemned prop erty . The house was
in a d i r t y and un tid y s t a t e and the standard of management
was a s s e s s e d as poor. There was no bath and the s ta ir h e a d
t o i l e t was shared by three other f a m i l i e s . Mr and Mrs L.had
two c h i ld r e n , a boy aged 5 years and a g i r l aged 4 y e a r s . Mrs L
was e x p e c t in g another baby when seen in the old hou se . The
home atmosphere was poor. Mr L.was a long d is ta n c e lo r r y
d r iv e r and MrsL . s t a t e d th a t he earned about £10 a week
althou gh she d id not know the exact sum. His main p le a su r e s
la y "between the pub and the b o ok ies" . Mrs L.was keen on her
w eek ly /
weekly game of "housey-housey".
A fte r rehousing , the standard of management of the house
remained poor and the home atmosphere remained s t r a in e d . The
new baby su ffe r e d from frequent a t ta ck s of "b ron ch itis" and
appeared pale and puny. This fam ily might have shown improvement
with t a c t f u l but firm handling . During the one year period a f t e r
reh o u s in g , the fam ily rece iv ed two v i s i t s from the "housing
n u rse’.'
Another fam ily tr a n s fe r r in g i t s old l i v i n g c o n d it io n s to
the new house was th a t of Mr and Mrs T, both aged 49 y e a r s .
Mr and Mrs T.came from a "room and kitchen" house which was
kept in a f i l t h y s t a t e and rated an assessm ent of "bad". The
home atmosphere was s tra in ed and Mr T.was unemployed, although
he s t a t e d em p hatica lly that a l l he needed was a sm all loan
to s e t up a b u s in ess of h i s own. His c h ie f p leasure was p la y in g
d a r t s . Mrs T .s ta te d that she had no p le a s u r e s . Mr and Mrs T.had
a fa m ily of fo u r , the e ld e s t g i r l aged 18 years be ing employed
as a le a t h e r worker. The remaining ch ild ren were aged 15, 12
and 7 y ears and were s t i l l at s c h o o l . The t o t a l income o f the
fa m ily in c lu d in g unemployment b e n e f i t and c h i ld r e n s a llow an ces
was £10 w eekly . There were no h ir e purchase commitments, but
payments of 12/ - a week were made on a check fo r c lo t h in g .
When seen a f t e r s i x months in the new 4-apartment house,
Mr T.was s t i l l unemployed but now s ta te d th a t i t was not worth
h i s w h ile to go out to work so long as he was r e c e iv in g
unemployment b e n e f i t . The e ld e s t g i r l had l o s t her job and
w as/
I oo.
was a l s o unemployed now and drawing b e n e f i t . The e ld e s t boy
had l e f t sch oo l however, and was now employed in a dead end
job as a fu r n itu r e p o r ter . The new house was in a f i l t h y s t a t e
and two windows had been broken and blocked with cardboard. Mr
and Mrs T .consid ered the weekly rent and r a te s of £1 - 8 - 9d
as e x c e s s i v e .
A fte r one year Mr T.and the e ld e s t g i r l were s t i l l unemployed
and the house remained in a f i l t h y and o f f e n s iv e s t a t e . The
weekly income amounted to £12 - 10 - 0d , b e n e f i t s accounting
fo r £8 o f t h i s . The weekly payments fo r c lo th e s were now 1 5 /-
but th ere were s t i l l no h ire purchase commitments. This fam ily
was u n f i t fo r a new house from the s t a r t and would have been
b e t t e r accommodated in one of the o lder corp oration p r o p e r t ie s .
There was no d i f f i c u l t y in coming to t h i s con c lu sio n during
the f i r s t v i s i t to the fam ily in the old house . I t i s dou btfu l
whether much could have been achieved by su p e rv is io n so far
as Mr and Mrs T.were concerned, but guidance fo r the c h ild re n
was n e c e s s a r y . The fam ily r ec e iv ed two v i s i t s from the "housing
nurse" during the year fo l lo w in g reh ou sin g .
In c o n tr a s t , a fam ily which would c e r t a in ly have responded
to a d v ic e , but ran in to d i f f i c u l t i e s through sheer f e c k le s s n e s s
and la c k of guidance was th a t of Mr and Mrs B.aged 28 and 26
years r e s p e c t i v e l y , who were rehoused from a condemned "room
and k itchen" house with an o u ts id e t o i l e t shared by three other
f a m i l i e s . The house was poorly kept and drab apart from a new
t e l e v i s i o n s e t . Mr B.worked as an odd job man in a t e r r i t o r i a l
army/
I C* | .
army h a l l and the t o t a l s ta te d weekly income was £7 - 19 - 0^
Mrs B.had a son aged 2 years and was ex p ectin g another c h i ld .
She was a tten d in g both her own doctor and the l o c a l a u th o r ity
c l i n i c fo r a n te -n a ta l c a re . There were no h ir e purchase
commitments, but Mrs B.was paying 1 5 / - weekly on a c lo th in g
check . Mr B.had changed h i s job to a t r a v e l l e r in c lo th in g
checks and the t o t a l weekly income was s ta te d to be £8 - 8 - 0
The new baby had arrived and appeared h e a lth y although she
had ap p aren tly su ffer ed from d iarrhoea and vom iting fo r a w h ile .
Checks fo r c lo th in g now amounted to weekly payments o f £1 andj
h ir e purchase payments of 10/6 a week were being made fo r
l in o leu m . The standard of management of the house now rated
as " fa ir " . A fter one year in the new house, h ire purchase
commitments had r is e n to £3 weekly and payments in r e sp e c t o f
c lo t h in g checks remained at £ 1 . Mrs B.had been o b liged to f in d
an even in g job as a w a itre ss and the t o t a l weekly income wasj
now s ta te d to be £11 - 5 - 0 . The management of the house
had d e te r io r a te d a l i t t l e but s t i l l rated " fa ir " . Mrs B .looked
worried and t ir e d and was o b v io u s ly f e e l i n g both the s t r a in
of the p h y s ic a l work involved in her new job and the worry of
paying the commitments. Sympathetic guidance would have been
welcomed by t h i s fa m ily . They r ece iv ed two v i s i t s during the
year from the "housing nurse".
Not a l l of the f a m i l ie s showing an improvement in home
management in t h i s group showed an improvement in other r e s p e c t s .
An example i s th a t of Mr and Mrs W.aged 46 and 42 years
r e s p e c t i v e l y who were rehoused from a condemned "room and
kitchen" house along with t h e ir 15 year old daughter. The
h o u se /
house was poorly kept, d i r t y and d in gy . The t o i l e t was shared
by th ree other f a m i l i e s . Mr W.had been unemployed s in c e an
a t ta c k of pneumonia two years p r e v io u s ly . He appeared to be
keep ing w e l l , but showed l i t t l e in c l in a t io n to f in d work. He
was r e c e iv in g unemployment and n a t io n a l a s s is ta n c e b e n e f i t s
to a t o t a l o f £5 - 15 - 0 weekly and th ese were supplemented
by h i s w i f e ' s earn ings of £3 - 10 - 0^ as a part time sewing
m a c h in is t . The fam ily was paying £1 a week on h ire purchase
fo r a t e l e v i s i o n s e t .
When seen in the new house at the end o f s i x months, Mr W
was s t i l l unemployed but seemed q u ite c o n te n t . The new house
was f a i r l y w e ll kept, and s in ce the t e l e v i s i o n s e t was now
paid up, h ir e purchase commitments o f 1 0 / - weekly had been
taken on fo r new c a rp e ts , and 5 / - weekly on a c lo th in g check.
Mrs W.was s t i l l working at her part time job .
One year a f t e r rehousing, the new house remained f a i r l y
w e ll kept and although the c lo th in g check payments had now
c ea se d , h ir e purchase commitments remained at 1 0 / - weekly for
new fu r n is h in g s . Mrs W.was s t i l l in her part time job and the
daughter had now l e f t schoo l and s ta r te d work as a shop
a s s i s t a n t . The t o t a l weekly income of the house was now
£13 _ 5 - 0 in c lu d in g b e n e f i t s . Mr W.was c lean and w e l l
d ressed and appeared h ea lth y and c h e e r fu l . He had developed
a keen i n t e r e s t in h i s garden and had la id i t out w ith g rea t
care and con sid era b le s k i l l . He showed no d e s ir e to return
to work.
A p a r t i c u la r ly in t e r e s t in g fam ily in t h i s group which
showed/
I O 3 .showed an improvement in house management on ly , was th a t of
Mr and Mrs Q.aged 45 and 54 years r e s p e c t iv e ly . When f i r s t
v i s i t e d tney were su b -ten an ts in a 5-apartment l o c a l a u th o r ity
,tenement house . The house was in a f i l t h y s t a t e and the
fu r n is h in g s were dingy and d ilap idated .M r Q.earned approxim ately
£9 a week as a labourer in a gas works. There were two daughters
aged 5 years and 9 y e a r s . Mr and Mrs Q .s ta ted t h e ir main
i n t e r e s t s to be the w ir e le s s and going out to the p ic t u r e s ,
th ey had no h ir e purchase commitments or checks and there was
no t e l e v i s i o n s e t .
A fte r s i x months in the new house, the home management
was f a i r l y good, but the fam ily as a whole was fa r from c o n te n t .
The younger g i r l had s ta r te d bed w ettin g and the o ld er g i r l
complained of "rheumatic pains and nervousness" . Mr Q.had l o s t
h i s job and showed no in c l in a t io n to g e t a new one. He wasj
r e c e iv in g £ 7 - 7 - 6 weekly in unemployment b e n e f i t and
n a t io n a l a s s i s t a n c e . Mrs Q.was having d isagreem ents w ith her
neighbours over the c lo th e s drying f a c i l i t i e s behind the
b u i ld in g and the behaviour of the two g i r l s . The neighbours
in turn s ta te d th a t Mrs Q.was a g g ress iv e and fr e q u e n t ly used
obscene and th rea ten in g language. The atmosphere in the c lo s e
was t e n s e . During the f i r s t s i x months, Mr and Mrs Q .acquired
a t e l e v i s i o n s e t and took on h ir e purchase commitments to the cLe x te n t o f 15/5 weekly.
When seen a f t e r one year in the new h ou se ,th e management
was a s s e s se d as f a i r and the house was q u ite b r igh t and c h e e r fu l
lo o k in g . R e la t io n s with the neighbours had d e te r io r a te d fu r th e r
and Mrs Q.had been charged by the p o l ic e w ith causing a breach
o f /
o f the peace by u s in g obscene language and th rea ten in g her
n e igh b ou rs, the in c id en t apparently r i s in g out of Mrs Q's
in s i s t a n c e upon the r ig h t of her g i r l s to climb over her
n e ig h b o u r s’garden fe n c e . Both of the g i r l s had been taken to
the d o c t o r ’s surgery during the s i x months complaining of
"nervousness" and Mr Q.had been r e c e iv in g ra d io -th erap y for
an u lc e r in h i s mouth. He was now r e c e iv in g n a t io n a l h e a lth
insurance in p lace of unemployment b e n e f i t .
There was no doubt th a t t h i s was a ra th er unpleasant
fa m ily and th a t the home atmosphere was poor and the c h ild re n
badly c o n t r o l l e d . The point o f in t e r e s t however, was th a t the
fa m ily achieved a good standard in m a ter ia l comforts a f t e r
reh ou sin g and kept q u ite a good house, in s p i t e o f remaining
u n s a t i s f a c t o r y in most other r e s p e c t s . Such a household
c o n s t i t u t e s a new "welfare s ta te " type of problem fa m ily .
FAMILIES CONTAINING OLD-AGE PENSIONERS VISITED ONE YEAR AFTER
MOVING INTO NEW HOUSES. (26 ca ses )
This group showed very l i t t l e change during the second
s i x months a f t e r reh ousin g . The f ig u r e s are shown in appendix XIX,
t a b le s 1 - 7 .
The m ajo r ity of the old f o lk s accepted the removal to
Drumchapel with remarkably l i t t l e concern. Mr and Mrs H.moved
from an old l o c a l a u th o r ity house attached to one of the c i t y
h o s p i t a l s where Mr H.had been a gardener fo r many y e a r s . They
kept t h e i r new house in good order and Mr H.took con sid erab le
p lea su re from h i s garden and from long walks in the surrounding
c o u n tr y s id e . Mr H.was a busy man with wide i n t e r e s t s . He
appeared to be enjoy ing h i s r e t ire m en t . On the other hand Mr
and Mrs M.were not so e n t h u s ia s t i c . They came from a d e c r e p it
and unpleasant r iv e r s id e area which had o b v io u sly d e te r io r a te d
badly over the past few y e a r s . Their house was w e ll k ep t , b r igh t
and c h e e r fu l and they had l iv e d in i t fo r tw e n ty - f iv e y e a r s .
I t c o n s i s t e d of a "room and kitchen" with an o u ts id e t o i l e t
shared by two other f a m i l i e s . Mr and Mrs M.were not very keen
to move, but t h e ir two daughters (aged 27 and 55 y e a r s ) , who
worked as con d u ctresses with the corporation tran sp ort
departm ent, urged them to accept when t h e ir turn on the
housing l i s t came up, and the fam ily was rehoused in a
5-a.partment tenem ent. When seen a f t e r s i x months the house
v/as w e l l kept and everybody seemed s a t i s f i e d with the change.
A f t e r /
* 0 6 .
A fter one year however, one of the daughters was le a v in g to
g e t married and the other was a ls o th in k in g of moving. Faced
w ith the prospect of l i v i n g on t h e ir own in Drumchapel, Mr
and Mrs M.were r e g r e t t in g t h e ir fr ie n d s l e f t behind at the
old area and worried about the expense of keeping the house
up on t h e i r o ld age p en s io n s .
I 0 7 .FAMILIES CONTAINING I CHILD, 2 CHILDREN AND 3 OR MORE
CHILDREN WHEN SEEN ONE YEAR AFTER REHOUSING.
(I c h i ld - 80 c a ses )(2 ch ild ren - 147 c a ses )(3 or more ch ild ren - 93 c a ses )
The numbers of personsin the three groups and the p rop ortion s
of c h i ld r e n to a d u lt s are shown below.
r ' j " I-ch ild " "2-child" ” 3 or more c h i ld 1' !| f a m i l ie s fa m i l ie s f a m i l i e s j
| T o ta l persons | 281 611 517 j
A d ults 1 201 72$ 317 52 fo 200 39c/> •
| C hildrenj
i....................t[|i oo i <M[i1 oI 00I
294 317 61 °/o |
Changes during the second s i x months period a f t e r rehousing
were g e n e r a l ly in l in e with those of the o v e r a l l group. The
f i g u r e s are shown in appendix XX, ta b le s I - 15. S evera l
d i f f e r e n c e s between the three groups p e r s is t e d a f t e r one year,
fo r in s ta n c e , few of the housewives with three or more c h i ld r e n
managed to go out to work, and the la rg e r the fam ily the sm aller
the weekly income per head. On the other hand the e x c e ss o f
c h i ld r e n from the sm all f a m i l i e s , r eq u ir in g the s e r v ic e s of
the g e n e ra l p r a c t i t io n e r became n e g l ig e a b le .
The la r g e r f a m i l i e s in p a r t ic u la r , b e n e f ite d from reh o u sin g .
A t y p i c a l example was th at o f Mr and Mrs C, both aged 25 years
who were rehoused from a I—apartment tenement house w ith an
o u ts id e t o i l e t shared by two other f a m i l i e s . They had a fa m ily
o f /
I Q \*
o f th ree c h ild re n aged 4 y e a rs , 2 years and I year, but in
s p i t e o f the overcrowding the house was w e ll k ep t . Mr C.was
a boilerm an earning approxim ately £11 weekly. The new house
was o f th ree apartments and was kept in good order. Mrs C .sa id
a t the end o f t h e ir f i r s t year in Drumchapel, th a t she missed
her "window shopping" in the old area , but the new house was a
marked improvement and the whole fam ily had b e n e f i te d g r e a t ly .
Some o f the la rg e r f a m i l ie s were rehoused without adequate
fo re th o u g h t , in to houses which were too sm all for them, Mr and
Mrs C.probably f e l l in to t h i s category s in ce they were young
and a lrea d y had three ch ild ren and were l i k e l y to have more,
Mr and Mrs R .c e r ta in ly f e l l in to t h i s ca tegory s in ce th ey had
th ree c h i ld r e n , aged 10, 7 and 3 years when rehoused, and Mrs R
was pregnant. When the new baby a rr iv ed , Mr and Mrs R.had to
s l e e p in the l iv in g - d in in g room of t h e ir new house w ith the
baby in a c o t , le a v in g one bedroom fo r t h e ir daughter and one
bedroom fo r th e ir two boys. Mr and Mrs R.maintained a good
home both in t h e ir old house and in th e ir new house, but
remained overcrowded a f t e r moving.
I O ? %
FAMILIES IN WHICH ONE OR MORE MEMBERS SUFFERED FROM DISABILITIES
WHICH SECURED THEM PRIORITY IN HOUSING, VISITED AFTER TWELVE
MONTHS. (34 c a ses )
S ix months a f t e r rehousing , t h i s group c o n s is te d of IIO
p erso n s , com prising 79 a d u lts (72%) and 31 c h ild ren (28%).
Very l i t t l e change occurred during the second s i x months
period a f t e r reh ou sin g . The f ig u r e s are shown in appendix XXI,
t a b l e s I - 13.
At the end of one year, s e v e r a l ca ses were noted where the
p r i o r i t y on m edical grounds la p sed . For in s ta n c e , Mr and Mrs D
were g iv en p r io r i t y because o f t h e ir four year old boy who was
t o t a l l y in c a p a c ita te d by s p a s t ic d ip le g ia and mental d e f i c i e n c y .
He was on a w a it in g l i s t fo r i n s t i t u t i o n a l c a re . They a ls o had
a normal boy aged one year . Their old house was a three
apartment tenement, with i t s own t o i l e t but no bath . The house
was s i t u a t e d two s t a i r s up and they were keen fo r a ground
f l o o r house w ithout s t a i r s , to reduce the e f f o r t invo lved in
ca rry in g the boy. The house was w e ll kept and the home
atmosphere was good. Mr D.was a time and motion study eng ineer
earn in g £16 a week. The house was equipped with t e l e v i s i o n(iand a washing machine and Mrs D.was paying £ 2 - 1 0 - 0 a week
h ir e purchase on a vacuum c le a n e r . Mr D 's main p le a su re s were
read in g and " p otter in g about" with the sm all car he owned. Mrs
D .l ik e d k n i t t in g and v i s i t i n g f r i e n d s . They were n e i th e r of
them very keen on t e l e v i s i o n , but had bought t h e ir s e t because
the handicapped boy kept them t i e d to the house. The car had
b e e n /
no.been bought to g e t the boy out from time to tim e.
S ix months a f t e r rehousing , Mr and Mrs D.were com fortably
s e t t l e d in t h e ir new house and sa id they f e l t co n sid erab le
b e n e f i t from t h e ir ground f lo o r f l a t t e d house and i t s garden.
Mr D.had obtained promotion in h i s work and was now earning
over £17 a. week. The house was w e ll kept and c h e er fu l and
Mrs D.was loo k in g a f t e r both of her ch ild ren with devoted
c a r e .
When seen one year a f t e r rehousing , the handicapped boy
had been admitted to an i n s t i t u t i o n for long term care and
Mr and Mrs D.showed obvious r e l i e f at being freed from the
c o n sta n t s t r a in o f caring for him. The car now enabled them
to v i s i t him a t weekends, and although Mr D.had been o f fer ed
fu r th e r promotion and a pay r i s e to over £20 a week i f he
moved to a post in England, he had d e c lin e d because of the
d i f f i c u l t i e s o f tr a n s fe r r in g the handicapped boy. The house
remained w e l l kept and the fam ily now had no h ire purchase
commitments. They l ik e d Drumchapel q u ite w e l l , but f e l t now
th a t th ey would l ik e a house of th e ir own and Mr D.was making
arrangements to buy a pre-war sem i-detached house. He had
over £200 saved up for the down payment.
The p r o b a b i l i ty i s that in t h i s c a se , i f the l o c a l a u th o r ity
had d is c u s s e d the case with Mr and Mrs D.more f u l l y , and had
approached the i n s t i t u t i o n in the f i r s t p la c e , Mr and Mrs D.would
have been saved the inconvenience and expense of the move to a
c o u n c i l house and the lo c a l a u th o r ity would have been ab le to
a l l o c a t e /
III.
a l lo c a t e the house to some fam ily with an equal need but
more l im i t e d r e so u r c e s .
Another case was that of Mrs G, a widow aged 4 I y e a r s ,
Mrs G ,l iv e d in a one apartment house with her son aged 19 y e a r s .
The house had no bath and the t o i l e t was shared by three
f a m i l i e s . Mrs G.was g iven medical p r io r i t y fo r pulmonary
t u b e r c u l o s i s . Both she and her son had undergone a course
of a n t i - tu b e r c u lo u s treatm ent two years p r e v io u s ly . Mrs G
worked as a c le r k e s s and her son as an apprentice e l e c t r i c i a n .
S ix months a f t e r moving to a three apartment corporation
tenement house, there was l i t t l e change but a f t e r one year,
the boy had married and was l i v i n g elsewhere le a v in g h i s mother
on her own. She appeared q u ite content and the house was w e ll
k ep t , but she would have been b e t t e r , and more econom ica lly
accommodated in a modern two apartment house . These c ircum stances
could not be fo rsee n by the l o c a l a u th o r ity , but much could
be ach ieved by b u i ld in g a wider range of houses and encouraging
more m o b i l i ty o f te n a n ts .
no..SUMMARY
The purpose of t h i s t h e s i s was to in v e s t ig a t e the changing
c ircu m stan ces of a group o f f a m i l i e s rehoused by the Glasgow
Local A u th o r ity . The f a m i l i e s came m ostly from c e n tr a l areas
o f the c i t y and were rehoused in Drumchapel on the western
p er ip h ery of Glasgow. The g a in s of moving to new houses were
th u s o f f s e t by sep a ra tion from fr ie n d s and r e l a t i v e s , and
in crea sed t r a v e l l i n g tim es to work and shops. Fresh a ir and
c le a n surroundings were accompanied by higher r a te s and r e n t s ,
h igh er bus fa r e s and the expense of f i t t i n g out new and la r g e r
h o u se s .
A t o t a l o f 421 f a m i l i e s were seen in t h e ir old houses
im m ediately before being rehoused by the l o c a l a u th o r ity .
Three hundred and n in e ty -se v e n o f th ese f a m i l i e s were seen
a f t e r s i x months in t h e ir new houses and 387 a f t e r one y e a r .
Most o f the fa m i l ie s had been on the l o c a l a u th o r ity
housing l i s t fo r over ten years and the average age o f the
te n a n ts a t the time of rehousing was over 38 y e a r s .
Nine out o f ten of the old houses were tenements d a tin g
back to the n in e te en th cen tu ry . Nine out of ten of the new
houses were a l s o tenements, and the m ajority of th ese were
of th ree apartments (Two bedrooms and l iv in g -d in in g room).
The numbers o f new four and f iv e apartment houses a v a i la b le
w ere /
were inadequate and led to overcrowding in over one f i f t h o f the
three-apartm ent hou ses. The number of sm aller houses a v a i la b le
was a ls o inadequate, making i t n ecessa ry in s e v e r a l ca ses to
accommodate couples and s in g le persons in three-apartm ent h o u se s .
N e v e r th e le s s overcrowding was fa r l e s s common a f t e r reh ousin g ,
and overcrowding of s le e p in g accommodation was a b o l ish e d .
Almost one h a l f o f the old houses had shared t o i l e t
accommodation. In such ca ses the t o i l e t was u s u a l ly s i tu a t e d
on the s ta ir h e a d and shared by two to f i v e f a m i l i e s . Less than
one f i f t h of the houses had baths or running hot w ater. A ll o f
the new houses had t o i l e t s , baths and running hot water.
Most o f the ten a n ts were engaged in s k i l l e d or s e m i - s k i l l e d
work, but the ten an ts tra n sferred from houses due fo r d e m o lit io n
and the te n a n ts who had kept t h e ir o ld houses in an u n s a t i s f a c t o r y
s t a t e , showed an e x ce ss o f u n s k i l le d workers. Further, the men
drawn from th e se very d e c r e p it and i l l - k e p t houses showed a
r e l a t i v e l y poor work record in terms of c o n t in u ity o f employment
over the two years before reh ousin g .
Over one h a l f o f the ten an ts had l ik e d t h e ir old d i s t r i c t s ,
but most o f them preferred Drumchapel. Those ten a n ts t r a n s fe r r e d
from o ld er l o c a l a u th o r ity houses o f te n saw l i t t l e improvement
in Drumchapel over t h e ir old c o n d i t io n s . They were g lad to move
to a home o f t h e ir own, but o f te n s igh ed fo r the sem i-d etach ed ,
or ter ra c e d type o f house they had l e f t .
The/
The r e n ts and r a te s of the o ld houses averaged 15/4^ w eekly,
th ose o f the new houses averaged 25/5^ weekly. The in crease was
con sid ered worthwhile by most ten a n ts when they took in to
account the improved f a c i l i t i e s o f the new h o u ses . Well over
one th ir d o f the ten a n ts had considered t h e ir old r e n ts and
r a t e s e x c e s s i v e , but l e s s than one in twenty considered the new
charges e x c e s s iv e .
Over a quarter o f the housewives had been employed out o f
the home, a lthough in the m ajority o f ca ses t h e i r jobs were
part time o n ly . L i t t l e change, occurred a f t e r rehousing; few
o f the housew ives with large f a m i l i e s were ab le to go out to
work.
The te n a n ts spent more time t r a v e l l i n g to work a f t e r
reh ou sin g than b e fo r e . The d i f fe r e n c e was l e s s than might
have been expected because a con sid erab le number were employed
in Clydebank and a c tu a l ly moved c lo s e r to t h e i r work when th ey
came to Drumchapel. One year a f t e r t r a n s f e r , t r a v e l l i n g t im es
showed a s l i g h t d ecrea se , due to the a c q u is i t io n of a u t o - c y c le s
by many te n a n ts and the use of cars and vans to carry groups
o f men to work. The bus s e r v ic e had a lso improved.
The average net weekly income per household , in c lu d in gd.c h i ld r e n s ' a llow ances and other b e n e f i t s was £13 - 19 - I
before reh ousin g and the average number of wage earners per
house was 1*50. A fter rehousing, the income per household
dropped, but the income per head showed a s l i g h t r i s e . This
change/
115.
change was accounted fo r by an a l t e r a t io n in fam ily s tr u c tu r e ,
s in c e some two hundred persons - o f te n e ld e r ly r e l a t i v e s - d id
not accompany the ten a n ts to t h e ir new hou ses.
Almost a l l o f the f a m i l ie s made weekly insurance payments,
m ostly on l i f e a ssu ra n ces . „ The average weekly payment perd.household was 7 /1 • These insurances remained v i r t u a l l y unchanged
during the period o f the survey.
Over one h a l f o f the ten a n ts had gathered sa v in g s in
prep ara tio n fo r moving in to the new house . Of those who were
prepared to s t a t e the amounts, almost one h a l f sa id they had
saved over £20 and s e v e r a l had saved over £100.
B efore rehousing , h ir e purchase commitments had been
incurred by ju s t over a quarter of the f a m i l i e s . The expense
of p u t t in g new, and u s u a l ly b ig g e r , houses in order brought
about a co n sid erab le r i s e , and a f t e r s i x months, almost h a l f
of the f a m i l i e s had such commitments. This r i s e p e r s is t e d one
year a f t e r tr a n s fe r ; the average weekly payments per household
a l s o showed a r i s e . Hire purchase commitments were most
commonly in r e sp ec t o f t e l e v i s i o n s e t s , fu r n itu r e and c a r p e t s .
P r ior to rehousing , ju s t over a quarter of the f a m i l i e s
c o n tr ib u te d r e g u la r ly to check and club purchasing schemes, but
t h i s p r a c t ic e became l e s s common a f t e r reh ousin g . The average
weekly payments underwent l i t t l e change.
I t was noted th at an e x ce ss o f the f a m i l ie s coming from
b u i ld in g s due fo r d em o lit io n , or keeping t h e ir houses in an
u n s a t i s f a c t o r y /
" 6 .u n s a t i s f a c t o r y s t a t e , had. h ire purchase commitments and checks
and c lu b s , both before and a f t e r rehousing .
The standard of management o f the houses showed a c o n s id er
ab le improvement a f t e r reh ou sin g . This improvement was most
n o t ic e a b le during the f i r s t s i x months; a sm all proportion of
the h ou sehold s d e te r io r a te d again by the end of one year . A l l
f a m i l i e s came under the su p e rv is io n of the "housing nurses" ,
but t h e i r v i s i t s were in fr eq u e n t . Superv is in g resou rces cou ld ,
w ith advantage, be concentrated upon the u n s a t i s fa c to r y
h o u seh o ld s .
The c h i e f r e c r e a t io n s of the ten a n ts were recorded . T e le v i s
ion h e ld f i r s t p lace w ith almost one th ird of both husbands
and w iv e s . There i s no doubt th a t t e l e v i s i o n has done much to
in c r e a se the happiness o f f a m i l i e s l i v i n g in housing schemes
on the per ip hery of the c i t y by provid ing evening entertainm ent
in the home.
Over th r e e -q u a r te r s o f the f a m i l i e s had t e l e v i s i o n s e t s
before reh ou sin g and by the end of the f i r s t year in the new
h o u ses , the proportion had r is e n to almost nine out o f t e n .
L ess than a quarter of the fa m i l i e s owned washing machines
b efore reh o u sin g , but over a th ir d had them by the end o f the
f i r s t year in the new house . F a m il ie s a ls o tended to acquire
immersion h e a te r s , te lep h on es and, to a l e s s e r e x te n t , r e
f r i g e r a t o r s a f t e r reh ousin g .
Approxim ately one fam ily in ten owned a car or van before
r e h o u s in g . /
reh o u s in g . Very l i t t l e change occurred a f t e r moving, but a few
te n a n ts found they had to s a c r i f i c e th e ir cars in order to f i t
out the new house and pay the increased r a te s and r e n ts . Parking
and garag in g space w ith in the scheme was inadequate.
The in c id en ce of s e r io u s i l l n e s s , measured in terms of
h o s p i t a l a d m iss io n s , showed l i t t l e change a f t e r rehousing, but
the p ro p o r t io n s of persons c o n su lt in g th e ir genera l p r a c t i t io n e r s
showed a d e f i n i t e r i s e . The p attern o f i l l n e s s remained
p r a c t i c a l l y unchanged and i t i s considered th at the proxim ity
of the new group p r a c t ic e su r g e r ie s to the housing scheme was
the main f a c t o r in in c r e a s in g the load put upon the genera l
p r a c t i t i o n e r s . I t was noted that people tended to change to
new d o c to r s in the area when i l l n e s s demanded a t t e n t io n , ra th er
than on t h e i r own i n i t i a t i v e . Most changes o f doctor occurred
w ith in the f i r s t s i x months o f moving.
The p roportion of housewives who sa id they were pregnant
was a p p re c ia b ly lower one year a f t e r rehousing than i t had been
im m ediately p r io r to removal.
/ IS ,
APPENDIX I
F a m il ie s coming from -
1—apartment tenement houses (50 c a se s )2—apartment: tenement houses (266 c a se s )
& 3-apartm ent tenement houses (53 c a s e s )
Table 1
S ize o f house 1-apartment 2-apartment 3-apartm ent
Average duration o f occupancy 6 02 years 9 .3 y ears 1 1 .9 y ea rs
1 - a p t . - 2 - a p t . t = 3 .83 P< 0 .001
2 - a p t . - 3 - a p t . t = 3 .22 P < 0 .0 0 1
Table 2
S iz e o f house 1-apartment 2-apartment 3-apart.ment
Average age o f te n a n ts 3 3 .6 years 38 .7 years 4 3 .0 y ears
1 - a p t . - 2 - a p t . t = 4 .1 0 P <0.'001
2 - a p t . - 3 - a p t . t = 3 .58 P< 0 .001
Table 3
S iz e o f house 1-apartment 2-apart.ment 3-apart.ment
Time on Corpora t io n w a i t in g - l i s t 8 .2 years 1 1 .0 yea rs 1 1 .3 yea rs
1 - a p t , - 2 &3 - a p t . t = 4 .82 P < 0 .0 0 1
T a b l e 4Number o f p e r s o n s
S iz e o f house 1 - apartment 2-apartment 3-apartr/ient
T o ta l Persons 172 1086 273
M u lt s 99 58 $ 607 56$ 156 57$
Children 73 42 $ 479 44$ u , 43$
Table 5
Houses w ith - 1-apartment 2-apart.ment 3-apartment
T o i l e t s 24$ 4 6% 95$
Baths - 31° 45$
Running hot w ater - 51o 40$
T o i l e t s 1 - a p t . - 2 -a p t . - 3 -a p t . = 57 .29 P^O.OOl
B aths 2 - a p t . - 3 -a p t . X * = 91 .64 P < 0 .0 0 1
Runninghot w ater 2 -a p t . - 3 -a p t .
XX = 53 .41 P < ,0 .0 0 1
1X0.APPENDIX I
Table 6Overcrowding o f rooms
Persons per room 1-apartment 2-apartment 3-apartm ent
Up to 2 22$ 71$ 76$
2+ - 3 30$ 27$ 24$
Over 3 48$ 2$ -
1 - a p t . - 2 -apto - 3 -a p t . ) ( = 108 .62 P * 0 .001
Table 7Overcrowding o f s le e p in g accommodation
Persons s le e p in g more than 1 to a
1-apartment 2-apartment 3-apartment
s i n g le bed or more than 2 to a double bed
COCM n $ 9 1o
1-ap to - 2 & 3 -a p t . y**= 12 .04 P < .0 .0 1
TaHe 8S o c ia l c la s s
S o c ia l c l a s s o f ten a n ts 1-apartment 2-apart.ment 3-apart3ient
i ;S k i l l e d I I )
I I I )27$ 34$ 40$
S e m i- s k i l l e d IV 33$ 45$ 32$
U n s k i l le d V 40$ 21$ 28$
1 - a p t . - 2 -a p t . - 3 -a p t . Not s i g n i f i c a n t .
/ X LAPPENDIX I
Table 9
S o c ia l c la s s o f ten a n ts 1-apartment 3-apartm ent
S k i l l e d (1 ,1 1 & I I I ) 27$ 40$
S e m i- s k i l le d & u n s k i l le d (IV & V) 73$ 60$
1 - a p t . - 3 -a p t; B ord erlin e s ig n i f i c a n c e X = 2 .9 7 P < 0 . 1
T able 10
S iz e o f house 1-apartment 2-apartment 3-apartment
Rented houses 74$ 92$ 9 6 0
Abandoned houses 18$ 5$ 4$
Owned houses
CO 3$ -
Abandoned houses 1-apt - 2 & 3 - a p t . X = 12 .57 P < 0 .0 0 1
Table 11Rent and r a te s
S iz e o f house. 1-apartment 2-apartment 3-apartm ent
Average weekly r e n t and r a te s 10/2d 1 3 / - 2 0 / -
1 - a p t . - 2 - a p t . t = 5 .4 2 P < 0 .0 0 12 - a p t . - 3 -a p t . t =13*47 . P < 0 . 0 0 1
APPENDIX I
Table 12
S iz e o f house 1-apartment 2-apartment 3-apartment
Tenants regardin g ren t & ra tes as e x c e s s iv e
5lf° 48# 26#
3 - a p t . - 2 & 1 -a p t . ) ( = 8 .3 4 P <, 0 .0 1
T able 13
S iz e o f house 1-apartment 2-apartment 3-apartment
T o ta l number o f wage-earners 61 383 67
Average number o f w age-earners per house 1 .2 2 1 .4 4 1 .2 6
Table 14
S iz e o f house 1-apartme.nt 2-apartment 3-apart.ment
H ousewives goin g out to work 28 # 28# 9#
1 & 2 -a p t . - 3 -a p t . X = 6 o50 P < 0 .0 2
APPENDIX I
Tahle 15T r a v e l l in g to work
1 2 . 3 .
" R e a c h a b il i ty ”o f work 1-apartment 2 - apartment 3-apartment
"Easy reach"(up to 15 m inutes) 36$ 31# 8$
" P a ir ly easyreach"
(15+ - 40 m inutes) 46$ 47# 57#
" D if f i c u l t "(Over 40 m inutes) 18$ 22# 35#
1 - a p t . - 2 -a p t . Not s i g n i f i c a n t .
2 - a p t . - 3 - a p t .w 1.X = 9 .11 P < 0 .0 2
Table 16Weekly in su ran ce payments
Si^e o f house 1-apartment 2-apartment 3-apartm ent
H ouseholds w ith i n su ran ces 100$ 97# 96#
Average weekly payment o f th o s e households w ith in su ra n ces 6/2d 7/7d 6 / 6d
Payments 1 - a p t . - 2 -a p t . t * 2 .8 4 P < 0 . 0 1
P a y m e n ts 2 - a p t . - 3 - a p t . t = 2 . 4 0 P < 0 . 0 2
APPENDIX I
T a b l e 17Savings
S iz e o f house 1-apartment 2-apartment 3-apartm ent
H ouseholds p u t t in g by sa v in g s 46 / 54$ 59/*
P ercentage o f the above households u n w i l l in g to s t a t e amount saved 2 6 / 41$ 4 5 /
S av in gs 1 -a p t . - 2 - a p t . - 3 -a p t . Not s i g n i f i c a n t .
Households u n w il l in g to s t a t e amount 1 - a p t . - 2 - a p t . - 3 -a p t .Not s i g n i f i c a n t .
Table 18Hire Purchase Commitments
S iz e o f house 1-apartment 2-apartment 3-apartment
H ouseholds w ith h ir e purchase commitments 26$ 29$ 15$
Average weekly H.P. payments o f above h ou sehold s 14/3d 14/4d 18/9d
H.P.commitments 3-?%
ip t . - 1 & 2 -a p t . = 4 . 0 0 P <. 0 .0 5
Average weekly payments. No s i g n i f i c a n t d i f f e r e n c e s .
APPENDIX I' i s .
Table 19Checks and Clubs
S iz e o f house 1-apartment 2 - apartment 3-apartm ent
Households w ith checks or clubs 261o 29$ 261o
Average weekly payments o f above h ou seh o ld s l l / 5 d 1 0 /1 Od l l / l d
Checks and Clubs 1 - a p t . - 2 -a p t . - 3 -a p t . Not s i g n i f i c a n t .
Average weekly payments. No s i g n i f i c a n t d i f f e r e n c e s .
Table 20Standard o f Management
A ssessm ent o f management o f house 1-apartment 2-apartment 3-apartment
Good 56$ 66$ 6 8 /
P a ir 30$ 23$ 25/*
Poor or Bad 14$ 11$ 7$
No s i g n i f i c a n t d i f f e r e n c e s .
APPENDIX I
Table 21
H ouseholds w ith - 1-apartment 2-apartment 3-apartment
T e le v i s io n 58$ 84$ 76$
V/ashing .machines 12$ 23$ 25$
Telephones - 4$ 10$
Cars 4$ 11$ 8$
T e le v i s io n 1 -a p t . - 2 - a p t . 8 .2 9 P < 0 .0 1
T e le v i s io n 2 -a p t . - 3 -a p t . Not s i g n i f i c a n t .
Washing machines 1 -a p t . - 2 & 3 -a p t . B ord erlin e s i g n i f i c a n c e) ^ = 3 .0 4 P C 0 .1
T elephones and. cars - No s i g n i f i c a n t d i f f e r e n c e s .
APPENDIX I I X/l.
Table 22Past h is to r y o f 11 s e r io u s i l l n e s s "
S iz e o f house L-apartment 2-apartment 3-apart.ment
Persons w ith h i s t o r y o f s e r io u s i l l n e s s 12#
00 10?S
C hildren w ith h i s t o r y o f s e r io u s i l l n e s s 1# z f 31°
A dults w ith h is to r y o f s e r io u s i l l n e s s 20# 1% 161o
Persons 1 -a p t . - 2 & 3 -a p t . B ord erlin e s i g n i f i c a n c e2 .7 7 P < 0 .1
C hildren No s i g n i f i c a n t d i f f e r e n c e s .
Adults 1 - a p t . - 2 & 3 a p t . B orderlin e s i g n i f i c a n t3 .0 7 P < 0 .1
Table 23
Adm issions to h o s p i ta l over 6-month p er iod b e fo re reh o u s in g
S iz e o f house 1-apartment 2-apart.ment 3-apartment
P ersons adm itted 6/» Mo M
C hildren adm itted M Mo Mo
A d ults adm itted Tfo 5 % Mo
P erson s, Children and A d u lts . No s i g n i f i c a n t d i f f e r e n c e s .
T a b l e 24
Persons c a l l i n g doctor to house over 6 m onth-period b e fo rereh ousin g
S iz e o f house 1-apartment 2-apartment 3-apartm ent
Persons c a l l i n g doctor 15$ 12$ 14$
C hildren c a l l in g d octor 21$ 17$
CMCM
A dults c a l l i n g d o cto r 11$ 8 $ 7 1o
Per so n s , Children and A dults. No s i g n i f i c a n t d i f f e r e n c e s .
Table 25
Persons going to d o c to r s ' su r g e r ie s over 6-month period befo r e reh ousin g
S iz e o f house 1-apartment 2-apartment 3-apartm ent
Persons go ing 22$ 19$ 14$
C hildren going 10$ 15$ 11$
M u l t s go ing 30$ 22$ 17$
1 P ersons and c h i ld r e n . No s i g n i f i c a n t d i f f e r e n c e s .
M u l t s 1 -a p t . - 2 -a p t . - 3 -a p t . ) = 6 .6 0 P <^0.05
APPENDIX I
T a b l e 26Pregnancy
S iz e o f house 3-apart.ment1 - apartment 2-apart.ment
Housewives pregnant
1 - a p t . - 2 & 3 -a p t . Not s i g n i f i c a n t .
Ho.APPEITOIX I I FAMIL IE S REHOUSED FROM BUILDINGS ABOUT TO BE
DEMOLISHED! " ^ 1 c a s e s T ^ --------------------------------------
Table 1
Duration of occupancy
Houses fo r d em olit ion Control
Average duration o f occupancy 7«5 years 9 .0 y ea rs
B o r d e r l in e s ig n i f i c a n c e t = 1 .8 6 P < 0 .1
Table 2
Tenants not on Corporation hou sin g l i s t
Houses fo r d em o lit io n C ontrol
Proportion o f ten an ts not on l i s t 201o 2 .9 $
X = 59 .96 P < .0 .0 0 1
Table 3
Time on Corporation housing l i s t
Houses fo r d em o lit io n C ontrol
Average time 6o3 years 1 0 .3 y e a r s
t = 7 . 0 3 P < 0 .0 0 1
APPENDIX I I
Table 4Average age of t en a n ts
Houses due fo r dem ol it ion Control
Average age of t e n a n t s 36.4 y ea rs 38 .5 y ea rs
B o r d er l in e s i g n i f i c a n c e t = 1 .72 P < ,0 .1
Table 3S i z e s of houses
S iz e o f house 1-apartment 2-apartment 3-apart.ment Over 3 apartments
Houses about to be demolished 27$ 66$ 7$ -
Contro l 1 4 .3 $ 64 .5$ 1 5 .0 $ 6 .2 $
1 - a p t . - 2 - a p t . - 3 - a p t . Y V = 22.31 < 0 .001
Table 6T o i l e t s , b a t h s and running hot water
Houses f o r dem ol it ion Control
T o i l e t s 20$ 5 2 .5 $ t S 26 .79 P < 0 .001
Baths 4$ 1 7 .1 $ 1 /tS 8 .62 P < 0 . 0 1
Running hot water 6$ 1 7 . 6$ 5.05 P < 0 . 0 5
APPENDIX I I
Table 7Persons per room
Houses fo r dem ol it ion 1Control !
Up to 2 67 $ 66 • 5#
K\i+CM 22$ 2 5 .9 $
Over 3 11$ 7 . 6 $
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 8Overcrowding o f s l e e p in g accommodation
Houses in which more than 1 person s l e p t per s i n g le bed or more than 2 per double bed.
Houses f o r dem ol i t ion Control
15$ 1 2 .1 #
Hot s i g n i f i c a n t•
Table 9^Standard of Management
Standard o f Management Houses fo r dem ol i t io n Control
Cood 35$ 66 • 5#
P a ir
|
COto 2 3 .0 $
Poor or Bad 27# 1 0 .5 $
X = 3 2 .7 0 P < 0 .001
APPENDIX I I
Table 10S o c ia l Class
S o c i a l c l a s sTenants from houses due for dem o l i t ion
Tenants from control group
III
I I I S k i l l e d22 $ 3 6 .5 $
17 S e m i - s k i l l e d 32 $ 4 0 .5 $
V U n s k i l l e d 46$ 2 3 .0 $
C lass 7 - C lasses I , I I , I I I & 17 15 .52 P C O . 001
Table 11Work record
ten ants from houses due fo r dem o l i t ion
t e n a n t s from c o n t r o l group
Tenants h o ld in g one job c o n t in u o u s ly over p r e v io u s 2 years
62$ 7 3 .8 $
4 .7 6 P < 0 .05
Table 12Opinion o f D i s t r i c t
Tenants from houses due f o r d e m o l i t io n
Tenants Tfom c o n t r o l group
Like 29$ 5 5 .3 $
Reserved 15$ 1 4 .3 $
D i s l i k e 56$ 3 0 .4 $
X = 22 .02 P < 0 . 0 0 1
APPENDIX I I
T a b l e 13Houses owned,rented and abandoned
Houses due f o r dem olit ion Control
Abandoned houses 27$ 5 .7 $
Rented houses 73$ 9 1 .2 $
Owned houses 3 .1 $
Abandoned houses / = 5 .48 P < 0 . 0 2
Table 14Rent and r a t e s
Houses due f o r dem olit ion Control
Average weekly rent1 0 / - 15 /4and r a t e s
t = 4 .9 3 P < 0 .001
Table 15Housewives go ing out to work
Homes due fo r dem o l i t ion ControlHousewives going out to work 39$ 2 6 .9 $
X * = 3 .97 P < 0 . 0 5
Table 16Average net weekly income
Houses due f o r dem ol i t ion Control
Income per household £11 - 4 - 9d £ 1 3 - 1 9 - l d
Income per head 66/5d 65/6d
APPENDIX I I
Table 17T r a v e l l in g to work
"R eachab il i ty" of work Houses due f o r dem ol i t ion Control
"Easy reach"(Up t o 15 minutes) 44# 3 0 .5 #
"F air ly easy reach" (15+ - 40 minutes) 00KA 48.0??
D i f f i c u l t (Over 40 minutes) 18fo 21.5??
B o r d e r l in e s i g n i f i c a n c e )( = 4 .7 6 P < 0 . 1
Table 18Savings
Houses due f o r dem o l i t ion Control
F a m i l i e s with savings 42# 5 4 .9 #
X V= 4 .35 P < 0 . 0 5
Table 19Hire Purchase Commitments
Houses due fo r dem ol i t io n Control
Households with hire purchase commitments 42# 26 • 8#
Average weekly HP payments o f above househo ld s 11 /1 d 15/6d
Households with HP commitments X = 7 .2 3 P < 0 . 0 1
Average weekly payments B order l in e s i g n i f i c a n c et = 1 .83 P < 0 . 1
APPENDIX I I
Checks and Clubs
House due f o r dem ol i t ion Control!
Households w ith checks and c lubs 46$
_ . !i
2 7 .3 $
Average weekly payments o f above households 9 / ld 10/4d
Households with checks and oluba X - 1 0 .4 8 P < 0 .0 0 1
Average weekly payments. Not s i g n i f i c a n t .
Table 21
Households withHouses due f o r
dem olit ion Control
T e l e v i s i o n 62 io 7 5 .5.$ y h 6 .44 p <, 0 .02
Washing machines 7$ 2 1 . 1$ 6 .37 P < 0 .0 2
Telephones - 5 . 9$Borderl ine s i g n i f i cance
2.87 P < 0 . 1
Cars 6$ 1 0 . 2$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX I I
T a b l e 22Past h i s t o r y of "ser ious i l l n e s s "
H.ouses due for dem olit ion
--------------— -----------------
Control
Persons w i th h i s t o r y o f s e r i o u s i l l n e s s 9# 8 .7 7 ° Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Children w ith h i s to r y j o f s e r i o u s i l l n e s s 1 7 ° 1 . 5 7 Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Adults w i t h h i s t o r y o f s e r i o u s i l l n e s s 1 5 7 1 4 . 0 7 Not s i g n i f i c a n t
(Table 23
before rehousing
Houses due f o r dem olit ion Control
Persons admitted 5 7 4.4?"' Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Children admitted 5 7 5 . 5 7 Not s i g n i f i cant
A dults admitted 5 7 5 . 2 7 Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 24
period be fore rehousing
Houses due f o r dem ol it ion Control
Persons c a l l i n g d o c to r 14# 1 2 .1 # Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Children c a l l i n g d o cto r 1 9 7 1 7 .4 # Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Adults c a l l i n g d octor 10 7° 8 .2 # Not s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX I I
Table 25Persons go ing to doctors* su r g e r i e s over 6-month
period b e fo re rehousing
Souses due for dem ol it ion Control
Persons go ing 21/o 15.2/o X = 6 .4 7 P < . 0 . 0 2
Children go ing 16c/o 1 2 . 7# Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Adults go in g 24 / 1 7 . 1/0 X = 4 .6 5 P < 0 . 0 5
Table 26Pregnancy
Souses due fo r dem olit ion Control
Housewives pregnant H 5 . 8/ X = 5 . 6O P < 0 .0 2
APPENDIX I I I FAMILIES REHOUSED PROM OLDER PUBLIC AUTHORITYHOUSES f38 c a se s ) "
Table 1Average age o f ten a n ts
Average of Older "P.A." houses Controlt e n a n t s from 3 7 .0 years 33.5 Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 2Average time on housing l i s t
Older "P.A."houses Control
Average time on ho u s in g l i s t 10 .6 years 1 0 .3
yearsNot s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 3S iz e s o f houses
1 - a p t . 2 - a p t . 3 - a p t . 4 - a p t . 5 - a p t .
Older P.A.houses — % 55# 29# 13#
Control 14 .3# 64 .5 # 1 5 .0 # 4 . 5 # 1 . 7 #
Table 4Overcrowding o f Rooms
Persons per room Older "P.A." houses Control
Up to 2 81# 66 • 5^
2+ - 3 16# 25 o 9$
Over 3 3# 7 . 6 #
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
T a b l e 5O v e rc ro w d in g o f b e d s
Houses in which more than one person s l e p t in a s i n g l e bed or more than two persons in a double bed
Older "P.A."houses Control
3 $ 12.1$
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 6 Rent & r a te s
Older "P.A.".houses Control
Average weekly- r e n t & r a t e s 23/2d 1 5 /4 a t = 8 .6 7 P < 0 .0 0 1
Table 7Tenants c o n s id er in g ren t and r a t e s e x c e s s i v e
Older "P .A ." houses Control
Tenants con s id er in gren t and r a t e s ex 24$ 4 3 .2 $ X = 6 .57c e s s i v e P < 0 .0 2
.Table 8Opinion o f d i s t r i c t
Tenants from o ld e r "P.A." houses
Tenants from c o n t r o lgroup ..........................
Like 78$ 55 .3$
Reserved 11$ 1 4 .3 $
D i s l i k e 11$ 30 .4 $
X*= 1 0 .0 8 P < 0 .01
APPENDIX I I I
T a b l e 9S t a n d a r d o f m anagem ent
Standard of management Older "P..A. "houses-------------------------!
Control
Good 79# 66 • 5 i°
P air 16# 2 3 .0 #
Poor or Bad 5# 1 0 .5 #
Not s i g n i f i c a n t .
Table 10S o c ia l c l a s s o f c h ie f ten a n ts
S o c i a l c l a s s Tenants from o lder "P.A." houses
---------
Tenants from co n tr o l group
III
I I I S k i l l e d 30# 3 6 .5 1°
IV S e m i - s k i l l e d 46# 4 0 .5 $
V U n s k i l l e d 24# 2 3 .0 #
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX I I I
Table I IWork record
Tenants from o ld e r ' "P.A." houses
tenants from contro l group
Tenants h o ld in g 1 job c o n t in u o u s ly over p r e v io u s 2 years
82# 7 3 .8 #
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 12Housewives going out to work
Older "P.A." houses Control
Housewives go in g .o u t t o work 21$ 2 6 .9 $
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 15T r a v e l l in g to work
" R each ab i l i ty o f work" Older "P.A." houses Control
"Easy reach" .(Up to 15 minutes) 18$ 30 .5 #
" F a ir ly easy reach" (15+ 40 minutes) 58# 4 8 .0 #
" D i f f i c u l t "(Over 40 Minutes) 24# 2 1 .5 #
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX I I I
Table 14We e kly In s uran c e Payment s
Older "P.A." houses Control..................... .........———-—
F a m il i e s paying weekly insurance 89/° 96.4/° X*= 3 .88 p <^0.05
Average weekly payment 6/7d 7 / i a Hot s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 15Savings
Older "P.A."houses Control
F a m i l i e s w ith sav in gs 63/° 54.9/aTTdt................s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 16Cheeks & Clubs
Older MP . A . M houses Control
Households with checks and clubs 13/° 27.3/°
y VX = 4 .22 P < 0 . 0 5
Average weekly payments 5/6d 1 0 / 4d
B order l in e s i g n i f i c a n c et = 1 .6 6 P ^ O . l
Table 17Hire Purchase Commitments
01der"P.A .M houses Control
Households w i th h ire purchase commitments 19/° 2 6 -8 / Hot s i g n i f i c a n t
Average weekly payments 17/8d 1 5 / 6d Hot s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX I I I
Table 18
Households w ithOlder "P.A.M
houses Control
T e l e v i s i o n 681o 7 5 .5 $ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Washing machines Sfo 2 1 .1 $Bord er l in e s i g n i f i cance .
¥*= 3 .57 P < 0 . 1
Telephones 13 fo 5 .9 $ 3 .90 P < 0 . 0 5
Cars 16# 1 0 .2 $ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 19
Past h i s to r y o f ns e r io u s i l l n e s s "
Older mB .A . m houses Control
P ersons w ith h i s to r y o f s e r i o u s i l l n e s s 7$ 8 .7 $ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Children with h is to r y o f s e r i o u s i l l n e s s 1 .5 $ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Adults w i th h i s t o r y o f s e r i o u s i l l n e s s 10$ 1 4 .0 $ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 20Admissions to h o s p i t a l over 6-month period be
fore rehousing "
Older "P.A." houses Control
Persons admitted 3lo 4 .4 $ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Children admitted 3$ 3 . 3 $ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Adults admitted 3$ 5 .2 $ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
.APPENDIX I I I *#S.Table 21
P ersons c a l l in g doctor to bouse over 6-month period before rehousing
! ) lder "P.A. ” houses Control
12.15?I Persons c a l l i n g doctor 95? Hot s i g n i f i c a n t
Children c a l l i n g doctor 225? 17.45? Hot s i g n i f i c a n t
Adults c a l l i n g doctor 35? 1 8.25? X = 5 .13 P CO•05
Table 22Persons going to doctors * s u r g e r i e s o v e r J5-month
period before rehousing
Persons go ing
Children going
UI(Ter~TrP. A 7" houses
12$
14 5?
Control
15.25?
12.75?
Not s i g n i f i c ant
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
.Adults go ing 105? 17.15? = 5 .52 P C O . 02
Table 23Pregnancy
XXLder "P.A. M houses Control !
Housewives pregnant 35? 5.85? Not s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX XY FAMILIES IN WHICH THE GENERAL HOME BACKGROUND (Ao DISTINCT PROM THE HOUSE T~WAS ASSESSED A ~ "POOR" OR ''BAD" (44 caaeaT^-----------------------------
Table 1Duration o f occupancy *
"Poor" or ’’bad” group Control
Average durationo f occupancy 8 ,1 years 9 .0 years
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 2Average age
"Poor11 or "bad" Control
Average ageo f t e n a n t s 39 .1 years 38 .5 years
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 3Time on Corporation housing l i s t
"Poor" or "bad" group Control
Average time 8 .1 years 10 .3 y e a r s
t = 3 .5 1 P 0 .001
Table 4S ize o f houses
1 - a p t . 2 - a p t . 3 - a p t . Over 3-apartments"Poor" or "bad" group 18# 73# 9$ . “ - . ................................
Control 1 4 .3 # 64. 5# 1 5 .0 io.
6.2^
Not s i g n i f i c a n t .
APPENDIX IV
Table 5Persons per room
Persons per room "Poor” or "bad” group Control
Up to 2 55 $ 6 6 .5 $
toi+C\J 32$ 2 5 .9 $
Over 3 13$ 7 .6 $
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 6Overcrowding o f s l e e p in g accommodation
Houses in which more than 1 ’’Poor" or "bad" group Controlperson s l e p t per s i n g le bed or more than 2 per double bed 27$ 1 2 .1 $
X = 1 0 .6 1 P < 0.001
Table 7T o i l e t s , b a t h s and running hot water
"Poor" or "bad" group Control
T o i l e t s 27$ 5 2 .5 $ Jf = 1 2 .5 3 P<- 0 .001
Baths 7$ 1 7 .1 $B order l ine s i g n i f i c a n c e .
X = 2 .9 0 P < 0 .1
Running hot water 7$ 1 7 .6 $
Borderline s i g n i f i c a n c e .X = 3 .2 6 P < 0 . 1
APPENDIX IV
Table 8S o c ia l c l a s s
S o c i a l c l a s s ( R e g i s t r a r General) "Poor" or "bad" group Control
I , I I & I I I ( S k i l l e d ) 13$ 3 6 .5 / ’
IV ( S e m i - s k i l l e d ) 32/ 4 0 . 5 1°
V ( U n s k i l l e d ) 531° 2 3 . 0 /
X = 2 6 .40 P 0 .001
Table 9Work record
"Poor" or "bad” group Control
Tenants h o ld in g one job c o n t in u o u s ly over previ o u s 2 years 591° 7 3 . 8 /
X = 5 .5 6 P < 0 .02
Table IQOpinion o f d i s t r i c t
"Poor” or "bad" group Control
Like 4 1 / 5 5 . 3 /
Reserved 5 / 1 4 . 3 /
D i s l i k e 5 4 / 3 0 . 4 /
Xt = 11 .43 P < 0 .01
I£1 ?.APPENDIX IV
T a b le 11Rent and Rates
1---------
"Poor” or "bad" group Control
Average weekly rent and r a t e s l l / 6 d 15 /4d
t = 3 .4 5 P < 0 .0 0 1
Table 12
Average net weekly income
"Poor" or "bad" group Control
Income per household £12 - 1 - 7d £13 - 19 - Id
Income per head 5 8 / ia 65/6d
Table 13Weekl;/ insurance payments
"Poor" or "bad" group ControlHouseholds w i th in s u r a n c e s 95$
Dot s i g n i - 9 6 .4 $ f i c a n t .
Average weekly payment o f above households 5/ n a
-h == P '*)'/>7 / I d P < 0 .0 5
Table 14Savings
*
"Poor" or "bad" group Control
F a m i l i e s w i th sav ings 32$ 5 4 .9 $
X - 1 0 .5 4 P < 0 .0 0 1
I SC.APPENDIX IV
T a b l e 15Hire purchase commitments
"Poor" or "bad" group ControlHouseholds w i th h ire purchase commitments 41$ 26 • Q $>
Average weekly H.P. payments o f above h o u seh o ld s 1 5 / ld 15/6d
Households w ith H.P.commitments X = 4 .95 P < 0 .0 5
Average weekly payments. Not s i g n i f i c a n t .
Table 16Checks and Clubs
"Poor" or "bad" group Control
Households with checks and c lu b s 43$ 2 7 .3 $
Average weekly payments o f above households 10/3d 10/4d
Households w i th checks and c lubs X = 6 .23 P < 0 .02
Average weekly payments. Not s i g n i f i c a n t .
• s i *APPENDIX IY
T a b l e 17
Households w ith "Poor” or "bad" Control
T e l e v i s i o n 64$ 7 5 .5 $
21 .1$
B o rd er l in e s i g n l f i - cance
3 .76 P < 0 . 1 "TTorSeri i n e ~sfgn i ?if- c^nce
2 .82 PC.0.1Washing machines 11$
T elephones 5$ 5 .9 $ Hot s i g n i f i c a n t .
Cars 2$ 1 0 .2 $ Hot s i g n i f i c a n t .
Table 18Past h i s to r y o f ' 'serious i l l n e s s "
Past h i s t o r y o f " s e r io u s i l l n e s s "
"Poor" or "bad" group Control
Persons 12$ 8 .7 $ Hot s i g n i f i c a n t
Children 4$ 1 .5$ Hot s i g n i f i c a n t
A dults 18$ 14 .0 $ Hot s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 19I l l n e s s e s
Adm issions to h o s p i t a l over 6-month period before reh o u s in g
Admissions "Poor" or "bad" group Control
Persons 6$ 4 .4 $ Hot s i g n i f i cant
Children 5°/° 3 .3 $ Not s i g n i f i cant
A d ults 6c/o 5 .2 $ Hot s ign i f i cant
* S XAPPENDIX IV ^ *
Tab le 19 ( c o nt d . )
Persons c a l l i n g doctor tp house over 6—month period be fore r e —ho us ini; ~ ~
''Poor" or "bad" group Control
Persons c a l l i n g doctor 131° 12 .1 # Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Children c a l l i n g doctor 2 0 c/o 1 7 .4 # Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Adults c a l l i n g doctor 6# 8 o2c4 Not s i g n i f i c a n t
P e r s o n s g o i n g t o d o c t o r s ’ s u r g e r i e s o v e r 6 - m o n t h p e r i o d b e f o r er e h o u s i n g
"Poor" or "bad" group Control
Persons go ing 18# 15.2# Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Children go ing 10# 1 2 .7 # Not s i g n i f i cant
A d u lts go ing 25# 17 .1 # 5 .20 P < 0 . 0 5
Table 20Pregnancy
"Poor" or "bad" group Control
Housewives pregnant 12# 5 .8 # Not s i g n i f i c a n t
J^TNG OLD-AGE PENSIONERS (55 cas e s )T a b l e 1
Houses w i thHouseholds with old-age pensioners Control
- _
X = 6 .9 9 P <. 0 .0 1T o i l e t s 69$ 52.5$Baths 38$ 17 .1 $ X = 19 .83 P <. 0 .0 0 1Running hot water 35$ 17 .6$ 1 2 .1 0 P <. 0 .00 1
Table 2
Households co n ta in in gHouseholds w ith old-age pensioners Control
no wage-earners20$ CO• X = 45 .4 1
P <.0.001
Table 5
Standard, of management
Standard o f management Households with o ld -age pens ioners Control
G-ood 80$ 6 6 .5 $
P a ir 15$ 2 3 .0 $
Poor or bad 5$ 1 0 .5 $
B o r d e r l in e s i g n i f i c a n c e X = 5.19 P ^ O • t—1
Table 4Hire Purchase commitments
Households w ith old-age pens ioners Control
Households w ith h ire purchase commitments 20$ 26 *.8$
Notant
s i g n i f i c -
Average weekly payment s 14/2d 15/6d Not
;ants i g n i f i c -
APPENDIX V
T a b l e 5Checks and Clubs
Households with old-age pensioners Control
Households w ith checks and c lubs 18$ 2 7 .31° Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Average weekly- pay ments 9/8d 10/4d Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 6
Households withHouseholds with old-age pensioners Control
T e l e v i s i o n 44/° 75.5'/° 44 .90 p< 0 .00 1
Washing machines 2 2 / 2 1 . 1 / Not s i g n i f i c a n t .
Te lephones 1 3 / 5 . 9 /X .
X = 5.22 P < 0 „ 0 5
Cars 7 / 1 0 . 2 / Not s i g n i f i c a n t .
..::L containing g child, 2 c h i ld r e n and3 OR MORE CHILDREN " " '
T a b le 1
S iz e o f fa m i ly "1-child" "2-child" "3 or more ch i ldren"
Average duration o f occup 9.5 7 .6 7 .9ancy years years years
No s i g n i f i c a n t d i f f e r e n c e s
Table 2
S ize o f fa m i ly "1-child" "2-child" "3 or more ch i ld ren"
Average t ime on w a i t i n g - l i s t
10 .1years
1 0 .6years
1 0 .9years
No s i g n i f i c a n t d:.f f erences
Table 3.
Time on w a i t i n g l i s t
"1-child"f a m i l i e s
"2-child"f a m i l i e s
"3 or more ch i ld ren" f a m i l i e s
Under 10 y ea rs 321° (24*) 1 6fo
10 y e a r s or orer 68 (7 696) 84 i
1 c h i l d f a m i l i e s - 3 or more chi ldren f a m i l i e s / = 7 .16 P^O.Q]
Table 4
S ize o f fam i ly "1-child" "2-child" "3 or more ch i ld ren"
Averaget e n a n t s
age o f38.2 yrs. 36.2 y r s . 36.7 y ea rs
No s i g n i f i c a n t d i f f e r e n c e s
APPTOITDIX VI
T a b le 5
S iz e o f house1 ch i ld
Households con 2 ch i ldren
t a i n i n g3 or more c h i ld r e n
1-apartment 17$ 9$ 12$
2-apartment 56$ 79$ 59$3 or more apartments 27$ 12$ 29$
S i g n i f i c a n t l y more "2 c h i l d ” f a m i l i e s in 2-apart.ment houses than "1 ch i ld" or "3 or more child" f a m i l i e s ."2 c h i ld " - "1 ch i ld" f a m i l i e s 14o01 P < 0 . 0 0 1 ."2 c h i ld " - "3 or more child" f a m i l i e s 12 .04 P < 0 .0 0 1 .
Table 6Overcrowding o f rooms
Persons per room] ch i ld
Households cor 2 ch i ld ren
i ta in in g3 or more c h i ld r e n
Up t o 2 78$ 79$ 15$
» I+C\J 21$ 12$ 69$
Over 3 1$ 9$ 16$
Over 3 persons per room.- "2 child" - "1 child" f a m i l i e s or more chi ld" f a m i l i e s - "1 and
.28 P < 0 .0 1 .**= 4 .9 6 p < 0 . 0 5 . ^ " 3
2 c h i ld " f a m i l i e s . X = 9
Over 2 persons per room. - "3 or more child" f a m i l i e s - "1 and 5.74 P < 0 . 0 0 1 .2 c h i ld " f a m i l i e s . X*-=
/ 5 > ,APPENDIX VI
Table 7
Overcrowding o f s l e e p in g acconunodat ion
Persons s l e e p i n g more than 1 to a s i n g l e bed or more than 2 to a double bed
Hou
1 ch i ld
seholds cont
2 ch i ldren
a m m g 3 or more ch i ld ren
2$ 131o 271o
"3 or more chi ldren" - "2 chi ld" f a m i l i e s . X*= 8 .1 9 PC 0 .0 1 "2 c h i ld " - "1 ch i ld" f a m i l i e s . ]( 6 .77 P < 0 .0 1
Table 8
Houses w ith1 ch i ld
Household 2 ch i ld ren
s c o n ta in in g3 or more c h i ld r e n
Own t o i l e t s 53$ 54$ 55$
Baths 21$ 12$ 18$
Running hot water 21$ 14$ ' 18$
T o i l e t s - no s i g n i f i c a n t d i f f e r e n c e s ^
Baths "2 ch i ld" - "1 chi ld" and "3 or .mo 3 .9 2 P C 0 . 0 5 .
Running hot w ater . No s i g n i f i c a n t d i f f e r e
re children" f a m i l i e s
n c e s .
APPENDIX VI
Table 9Rent and Rates
S ize o f fam ily "1 child" "2 chi ld" "3 or more ch i ldren"
Average weekly r en t & r a t e s 15 / i o a 13 /93 l 6 / 8 d
"2 c h i ld " - "1 chi ld" fa m i l i "2 c h i ld " - "3 or more c h i ld
s s . t = 2 o65 ' f a m i l i e s , t
P < 0 .01 = 3 .62 P^O.OOl
Table 10S o c ia l c la s s
S o c i a l c l a s s o f t e n a n t s
1 c h i ld
Households c<
2 ch i ld ren
c n ta in in g
3 or more c h i ld r e n
IS k i l l e d I I
I I I3 9 / 3 5 / 4 0 /
S e m i - s k i l l e d IV 4 2 / 4 2 / 3 6 /
U n s k i l l e d V 1 9 / 2 3 / 2 4 /
No s i g n i f i c a n t d i f f e r e n c e s
Table 11Work record
S iz e o f fam i ly "1 ch i ld " "2 ch i ld" "3 or more childraS
Tenants holding one job c o n t in u o u s ly over pre- 2 y e a rs
7 2 / 7 9 / 7 5 /
No s i g n i f i c a n t d i f f e r e n c e s
a p p e n d i x VI
I a b l e 12
S iz e o f fa m i ly "1 child" "2 child" "3 or more ch i ldren"
Housewives going out to work 32# 31# 11#
"1 and 2 ch i ld" f a m i l i e s - " X * -= 1 6 .3 9 P < 0.001
3 or more chi ld" f a m i l i e s
Table 13Savings
S iz e o f fa m i ly "1 child" "2 child" "3 or more ch i ldren"
Householdsp u t t in g by 59# 59# 47#s a v in g s
"1 and 2 ch i ld " f a m i l i e s - "3 or more ch i ld" f a m i l i e s . X1- 4 .5 2 P < 0 .05
Table 14Weekly insurance payments
S iz e o f fa m i ly "1 child" "2 child" "3 or more ch i ldren"
Households w ith in s u r a n c e s 99# 99# 95#
Average weekly payment o f th o se h o u se h o ld s with in s u r a n c e s
6 / l l d 7/7d 7 /1 Od
Payments - "1 chi t = 1 097 P c 0 .0
Id" f a m i l i e s - "3 or more children" f a m i l i e s5
1 4 0 ,APPENDIX VI
T a b l e 1 5
Hire purchase commitments
S iz e o f fa m i ly ”1 child" "2 child" "3 or more c h i l d r e n ”
Households with h ir e purchase commitments 26$ 29$ 3 3 /
Average weekly HP payment o f above ho u seh o ld s 1 5 /- 1 6 /ld 1 6 /5 a
No s i g n i f i c a n t d i f f e r e n c e s
Table 16Checks and C1libs
S iz e o f fam i ly ”1 c h i l d ” "2 child" "3 or more c h i l d r e n ”
Households w ith checks & clubs 28$ 2 4 / 3 9 /
Average weekly payments o f above h o u seh o ld s 10/4d 9/ i a 1 2 / i a
Checks and c lu b s . ”1 and 2 c h i l d ” f a m i l i e s - ”3 or more c h i l d ” f a m i l i e s )(*■= 6»29 P < .0 .02
Average weekly payments. ”1 and 2 c h i l d ” f a m i l i e s — ”3 or more c h i l d ” f a m i l i e s . Borderl ine s i g n i f i c a n c e . X = 1 .9 4 P ^ O . l
APPENDIX VI
T a b l e 17S ta n d a r d o f m anagem ent
Assessment o f management o f house
1 ch i ld
Households c
2 ch i ldren
-ontain ing
3 or more c h i l d ren
G-ood 66# 65# 5 6 /
Pair 24# 23# 3 0 /
Poor or bad 10 # 12# 1 4 /
No s i g n i f i c a n t d i f f e r e n c e s
Table 18
Households w ith1 c h i ld
Households
2 ch i ldren
co n ta in in g
3 or more c h i ld ren
T e l e v i s i o n 7 7 / 85# 7 3 /
■lashing machines 1 9 / 2 3 /
j!
r—1 CM
Telephones
00 5 / 5 /
Cars 1 1 / 1 2 / 9 /
T e l e v i s i o n . "1 child" f a m i l i e s - M2 child" f a m i l i e s . Borderl i n e s i g n i f i c a n c e . 2 .71 P <"3 or more children" f a m i l i e s — "2 child" f a m i l i e s X —5 .8 2 P < 0 . 0 2
a p p e n d i x VI
Table 19Past h i s to r y of "ser ious i l l n e s s "
S iz e o f fa m i ly M1 child" " 2 child" "3 or more ch i ldren"
Persons w i t h h i s t ory o f s e r i o u s i l l n e ss 9 i° i i 61o
Children w i t h h i s t ory o f s e r i o u s i l l n e s s 3# i # 1 1o
A dults w i t h h i s t o r y o f s e r i o u s i l l n e s s 11 fo 12# 13#
No s i g n i f i c a n t d i f f e r e n c e s
Table 20
Admissions to h o s p i t a l over 6-month period before rehous ing
H o s p i t a l admissions during p r ev io u s 6 months
1 ch i ld
Households c
2 ch i ldren
ionta in ing
3 or more c h i ld r e n
Persons 4# 3# M
Children 2# 4# 3#
Adults 5# 2# 7#
No s i g n i f i c a n t d i f f e r e n c e s .
a p p b i to ix y i
T a b l e 21
P e r s o n s g o i n g t o d o c t o r s * s u r g e r i e s o v e r 6—m o n t h p e r i o dbefore rehousing
S iz e o f fa m i ly "1 child" "2 child" "3 or more c h i ld ren '
Person s going 19$ 19$ 14$Children going■ II . . ■•'—1 .1 w---------- 20 $ 17$ 10$
A d ults go ing 18$ 20$ 20$
Children going to doctors* su r g e r i e s
G-roups compared S i g n i f i c a n c e
"1 c h i l d ” - "2 c h i l d ” - ”3 or more ch i ldren 9.73 P <„ 0 .01
”1 c h i l d ” - ”2 c h i l d ” - Not s i g n i f i c a n t
”2 c h i l d ” - ”3 or more c h i l d r e n ” 7 .24 P <^0.01
Table 22
Persons c a l l i n g doctor to house over 6-month period b e forerehousing
S ize o f fam i ly ”1 c h i l d ” M2 c h i l d ” ”3 or more c h i l d r e n ”
Persons c a l l i n g d o c to r n $
V?
! K
i !
H 12$
C hildren c a l l i n g d o c to r 23$ 18$ 15$
Adults c a l l i n g d octor 6$ 7$ 03 |
APPENDIX VI
Children c a l l i n g doctor to house
Groups compared
T--------:
ux
!1 _j
S i g n i f i c a n c e
"1 c h i ld " - "2 child"- "3 or more children" 5.33 B order l in e . P < 0 .1
"1 c h i ld " - "3 or more ch i ld ren" 4.04 P < 0 .05
"1 c h i ld " - "2 child" _ Not s i g n i f i c a n t .
"2 c h i ld " - "3 or more c h i ld r e n " . Not s i g n i f i c a n t .
Table 23Pregnancy
S iz e o f f a m i ly "1 child" "2 child" "3 or more ch i ldren"
Housewivespregnant l1 o 5$
No s i g n i f i c a n t d i f f e r e n c e s
A P P E N D I X VII FAMILIES IN W H I C H ONE OR MORE MEMBERS SUFFEREDPROM DISABILITIES W H I C H SECUR1]D THEM PRIORITY
Table 1
i n l i U U b i N G - ( i s e a s e s )
Time on housing l i s t
Time onl i s t
Medical p r io r i ty group Control
h o u s in g2 .9 years 10 ,3 years t = 12 .35 P < 0 .0 01
Table 2Age of ten an ts
Age o f t e n a n ts "Medical P r ior ity " group Control
Up to 29 y ears 31 $ 1 1 .7 $
30 - 44 y ea rs 35$ 6 6 .7 $
45 y e a r s & over 5 4 * 21 .6 $
Table 3S ize o f house
S ize o f house "Medical p r io r ity " group Control
1-apartm ent 20% 14 .3$
2-apartm ent 43$ 64 .5$3 or more apartm ents 37$ 2 1 .2 $
S i g n i f i c a n t e x c e s s o f 3 or more apartment houses X — 5 .8 6p < 0 .0 2
APPRNHIX Vi I
Table 4
Houses w ith "Medical p r io r ity " group Control
T o i l e t 66$ 5 2 .5 $T o
s i g n i f i c a n t
Bath 17$ 1 7 .1 $~TT6t .................
s i g n i f i c a n tRunning hot water 20$ 1 7 .6 $
Nots i g n i f i c a n t
Table 5Standard of management
"Medical p r io r ity " group Control
G-ood 77$ 6 6 ,5$
F air 14$ 2 3 .0 $Nots i g n i f i
Poor or bad 9$ 1 0 .5 $
cant
Table 6Overcrowding
Persons per room
’M edical p r io r ity " group
Controlgroup
IJp to 2
1
o1
CO 66 • 5$
Over 2 20$ 33 .5$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
H ouseholds wit' more t h a n '1 person per s i n g l e bed or more than 2 per double bed
1
6$ 1 2 .1 $ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX V II
Table 7
"Medical p r io r ity " group Control groupRented houses 91/°
-- -----------------
9 1 . 2 /"Abandoned" houses 6/° 5 . 7 /Owned, houses 3 / 3 . 1 /
Average weekly ren t and r a t e s o f ren ted houses 15/71 15 /41
Ho s i g n i f i c a n t d i f f e r e n c e s ■■■■ ■ - ■ . ...... ,,, , ......... .. .. . —___— ___
Table 8Housewives going out to work
"Medical p r io r i ty '1 group
Controlgroup
Housewives go ing out to work 6 # 2 6 .9 # ^ = 7 .09 P<0.01
Table 9T ra v e llin g to work
" R e a c h a b il i ty o f work""Medical p r io r ity "
group ...... _ _._.j Control group
"Easy reach"(Up to 19 m inutes) 10# 3 0 . 5 /
"E air ly easy reach" (15+ - 40 m inutes) 5 7 / 48 . D/
" D i f f i c u l t "(Over 40 m inutes) 3 3 / 2 1 .5 /
)f^= 7 .1 6 P < 0 .05
T a b l e 10Work r ecord
. . . . .
"Medical p r io r ity " group Control group
Tenants in one job c o n t in u o u s ly over p r e v io u s 2 years 83 7 3 .8 $
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 11Income
I ' ' ' '
Average net w eek ly income "Medical p r io r ity " group Control group
Per household £13 - 5 - 5d £13 - 19 - Id
Per head 70/5d
Table 12Savings
"Medical p r io r ity " group group
F a m il ie s p u tt in g by s a v in g s 51$ 54 .9$
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Above f a m i l i e s u n w i l l in g to s t a t e amount saved 17$ 4 1 .5 $
X = 4 .9 8 P < 0 .0 5
APPENDIX V I I
Table 15Weekly insurance payments
"Medical priority"" group
Controlgroup
H ouseholds w ith in s u r a n c e s 100# 96.4?? Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Average weekly payments o f h o u seh o ld s w ith in s u r a n c e s 5/1 Od 7 / i a t = 2 .0 4 P<,0o05
Table 14Hire purchase commitments
'‘Medical p r ior ity" group
Controlgroup
H ouseholds w ith h ir e purchase commitments
3 7 / .2.6,16# Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Average weekly H .P.paym ents o f above f a m i l i e s
1 8 / ld 15/64 Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 15Checks and clubs
"Medical p r io r ity " group
Control.grou_E_
H ouseholds w ith checks & c lu bs 20# 27 .31° Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Average weekly payments o f above f a m i l i e s 7 /6d 10 /44 Not s i g n i f i c a n t
a p p e n d i x V I I
T a b l e 16
-j-_Q_I_Q v i s ion se t s , washing machines^t elephones end ca r ?
* > o .
H ouseholds w ith"MedTcal pri o f l t y "
- groupConti r o l
groupa. . , .. -.nrrmi -r—*. . ** .— r-.-ci
T e le v i s i o n 20$ 73.2$63.71
P < 0 .C 01
Washing machines 9$ 21.1$B ord erlin e s i g n i f i c a n c e . ^**=2.34 P < 0 .1
T eleph ones 9$ 5 .9 $ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Cars 'JO i 1 0 .2 $ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 17
rehousing
’’Medical p r i o r i t y ” group
Controlgroup
P ersons adm itted n $ 4 .4 $X^= IF. 38 P < 0 .0 0 1
C hildrenadm itted 3 .3 $ Not s i g n i f i c a n t .
A d ults adm itted 16$ 5 .2 $* 1= 23 .30
P < 0 .0 0 1
Table 18
P erson s go in g to d o c to r s ’ su r g e r ie s over 6—months periodbefore rehousing
"Medical p r io r ity " group
Controlgroup
Persons go in g 24$ 15 .2 $%i= 1 . 5TP < 0 .0 1
C h ild renadm itted 19$ 1 2 .7 $ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
A d u lts go in g 25$ 1 7 .1 $)(*•= 4 .7 2
P < 0 . 0 5
APPENDIX V I I
T a b l e 19
Persons c a l l i n g doctor to h o u s e _over 6-months period beforerehousing
’’Medical p r i o r i t y ” _______ group
Controlgroup
Persons c a l l i n g d o c to r i4/» 12 .1# Not s i g n i f i c a n tC hildren c a l l in g d o c to r 19/0 17 .4# Not s i g n i f i c a n tM u l t s c a l l i n g d o c to r 12/0 8 .2 # Not s i g n i f i c a n t
' U .API: jN D IX!—£5.11 I aMILIEb REHOUSED FROM 1, 2 .ADD 3—APARTTFPFTT
TENEMENT HOUSES SEEN 6 MONTHS AFTER RUH0U3TU Table 1
Tenants’ opinions of d i s t r i c t s
F a m i l i e s from 1-apartment houses
Opinion New d i s t r i c t Old d i s t r i c t
Like 82 # 46# 9
Reserved 10# 14#/ = 15 .59
D i s l i k e 8# . 40#P < 0 . 0 0 1
F a m i l i e s from 2-apartment houses
Opinion New d i s t r i c t Old d i s t r i c t
Like 90# 53$ y l .
Reserved 8# ■14$h = 99.77
D i s l i k e 2# 33$P < 0 .001
F a m i l i e s frc m 3-apartment houses
Opinion New d i s t r i c t Old d i s t r i c t
Like 85 $ 58$
Reserved 1 1 $ 17$X = 10 .23
D i s l i k e 41° 25$P < 0 .0 1
Table 2Opinions o f r e n ts and r a te s
" t e n a n t s from Rent and r a te s considered e x c e s s iv ehouses o f -
New housem -
Old houde
1 - apartments 2# 51#1 7 .6 6
P < 0 .0 0 1
2-a^partments 4#
CD
j 1 2T .Y4 P < 0 .0 0 1
3-apartm ents 9$ 26#= 4 .92
P <0.. 05..........
T a b l e 3.Wage- earners
F a m il ie s from 1-apa.rt.ment houses
A fter moving Before moving
T o ta l number o f wage-earners 65 61
Average number o f wage-earners per bouse 1 .33 1 .22
F a m il ie s from 2-apartment house s
After moving Before moving
T o ta l number o f wage-earners 354 383
Average number of wage-earners per house
--- - ......i
1 .40 1 .4 4
F a m il ie s from 3-apartment houses
A fter moving Before moving
T o ta l number o f wage-earners 71 67
Average number of wage-earners per house 1 .51 1 .2 6
Table 4Housewives going out to work
F a m il ie s from hou ses o f -
Housewives go
A fter moving
Lng out to work
Before moving
1-apartm ent 37$ 28$ Hot s i g n i f i c a n t
2-ap artm en ts 27$ 28$ Hot s i g n i f i c a n t
3-apart.ments 12$ 9$ Hot s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX VIII *
Table 5
Tenants changing t h e ir work during 1 s t s ix months a f t e r rehousing
F am ilies from hous 1-apartment 2-apartments
es o f - 3-apa.rtments
9# 4 $o 3#
Table 6T ra v e ll in g to work
F a m il ie s from 1-apartment houses
" R ea c h a b il i ty o f work" A fter moving Before moving
"Easy Reach"(Up t o 15 m inutes) 18# 36#
ot s i g n i f i c a n t" F a ir ly easy reach" (15+ - 40 m inutes) 53# 46# R
" D i f f i c u l t "(Over 40 m inutes) 29# 18#
F a m il ie s from 2-apartment houses
" R ea c h a b il i ty " o f work A fter moving Before moving
"Easy Reach"(Up to 15 m inutes) 20# 31#
X= 7 .5 9
P < 0 .0 5" F a ir ly easy reach" (15+ - 40 m inutes) 53# 47#
" D if f i c u l t "(Over 40 m inutes) 27# 22#
APPENDIX V I I I
T a b l e 6 ( c o n t d . )
F a m il ie s from 3-apartment bonaes--------------- . . . .
" R each ab il ity " of work After moving Before moving
"Easy reach"(Up to 15 minutes) 12 fo 8 /
Nots i g n i f i cant
"F a ir ly ea sy reach" (15+ - 40 m inutes) 52 i 5 7 /
" D i f f i c u l t "(Over 40 minutes) 36/. 3 5 /
Table 7Income
F a m il ie s from 1-apartment houses
Average weekly income A fter moving Before moving
Per household £11 - 9 - 7 d o€10 - 18 - 2d
Per head 6 5 /- 64/7d
F a m il ie s from 2-apartment houses
Average weekly income A fter moving Before moving
Per hou sehold £13 - 16 - Id £13 - 12 - 6d
Per head 67/2d 66/9d
F a m il ie s from 3-apartment houses
Average weekly income A fter .moving Before moving
Per household £14 - 14 - 6d £15 - 13 - Od
Per head 6 3 / 6d 60A)d...
'^6APPENDIX T i l l
Table 8Hire Purchase
Households with h ire purchase commitments
Aftermoving
Beforemoving
Prom 1 - a p t .h o u s e s 69$ 26$ X** = 18 .68 P < 0.001Prom 2 - a p t .h o u s e s 54$ 29$ X = 34.52 P < 0 .001
Prom 3 - a p t .h o u s e s 51$ 15$ X = 14.81 P < 0.001
Average weekly H.P. payments o f above f a m i l i e s
Aftermoving
Beforemoving
Prom 1 - a p t .h o u s e s 18/6d 14/3-d Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Prom 2 - a p t .h o u s e s 17/3d 14/4d t = 2 .02 P < 0 .05
Prom 3 - a p t .h o u s e s 14/7d 18/9d Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 9
Checks and Clubs
Households with checks & clubs
Aftermoving
Beforemoving
Prom 1 - a p t .h o u s e s 14$ 26$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Prom 2 - a p t .h o u s e s
VP3
29$ X = 17.32 P < 0 .001
Prom 3 - a p t .h o u s e s
t
VPKNi—1 26$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Average weekly payments o f above fami l i e s
Aftermoving
Beforemoving
Prom 1 -ap tc h o u se s 10/4d l l / 5 d Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Prom 2 - a p t .h o u s e s 10/3d 10/I0d Not s i g n i f i c a n t— ■ Jr ~
Prom 3 - a p t .h o u s e s 12/4d 11/ id Not s i g n i f i c a n t
♦
APPENDIX V I I I
T a b le 10S t a n d a r d o f m anagem ent
F a m il ie s from 1-apartme.nt houses
Standard o f management .After moving Before moving
Good 72$ 5 6$
F a ir 12$ 50 $
Poor or bad 16$ 14 $
B o r d e r lin e s ig n i f i c a n c e 4 .7 0 P < 0 .1
F a m il ie s from 2-apartment houses
Standard o f management A fter moving B efore moving
Good 78$ 66$
F air 17$ 25$
Poor or bad 5$ 11$
X = 11 .5 9 p < 0 .0 1
F a m il ie s from 5-apartment bouses■
Standard o f management A fter moving Before moving
Good . 89$ 68$ :
F a ir 7$ 25$
Poor or bad 4$ _________________________?$ ______________ '
X*? 6 .96 1 < 0 .05
I s* * .APPENDIX V I I I
T a b le 11
F a m il i e s from 1-apartment houses
F a m i l i e s with - A fter moving Before moving
Not s i g n i f i c a n t 'T e l e v i s i o n 6 7 f° 581o
Washing machines 20 i 1 2 1o Not s i g n i f i c a n t '
Immersion h e a te r s M o Not s i g n i f i c a n t '
Telephones 21° Not s i g n i f i c a n t ;
Cars | j
ro At | i I
M o Not s i g n i f i c a n t '
F a m i l i e s from 2-apartment houses
F a m i l i e s w ith - A fter moving Before moving1
T e l e v i s i o n 88/o S4fo Not s i g n i f i c a n t .■~Vt^'T.Au -------------
P < 0 . 0 5Washing machines V>) I—1 aa i i 231°
Immersion h ea ter s i-----
1 i !At i Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Telephones M 4 "Jo No change
Cars llfo 11$ No change
F a m i l i e s from 3-apartment houses
F a m i l i e s from - A fte r moving Before moving :
T e l e v i s i o n 831° 76$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Washing machines 34$ 25 io Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Immersion h e a te r s 4$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t '
Telephones 6$ 10$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t :■
Cars Mo 8$ Not s ig n i f i c a n t ^
APPENDIX V I I In e t
Table 12
H o s p i ta l admiss ions over 6-month per iods b e fo re anda f t e r reh ous in g “t r w i.i ■ m i i
F a m il i e s from 1-apartment houses
H o s p i ta l admiss ions After moving Before moving
Persons 5fo 6 io Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Children Mo Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Adults 41° 71 Not s i g n i f i c a n t
F a m i l i e s from 2-apart ment houses
H o s p i ta l adm iss ions A fter moving Before moving
Persons 4°h Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Children 3a/» 31 No change
Adults M 51 Not s i g n i f i c a n t
F a m i l i e s from 3-apart_
ment houses
..Hospital adm iss ions A fter moving Before movingPersons ! 4% 41 No change
Children 6% 31 Not s i gn i f i cant
Adults 31 Mo Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 13
Persons going to d o c t o r s 1 s u r g e r i e s over 6-mo.nth perio d s befo re and a f t e r rehousing
F a m il ie s from 1-apartment houses
After moving Before moving ___________ ______............... .
Persons going 30% 221Borderl ine s i g n i f i cance .X*- 3 .29 P < 0 . 1
Children going 32%
| Yg
i o
1
H X = 10 .93 P<0.001
Adults go ing .29% 3 Op ^0 s i g n i f i cant
APPEN D IX ,V III
T a b l e 13 ( c o n t d . )
F a m il i e s from 2-apart ment houses
After moving Before moving
Persons going 26$ 19#'14.39
P <• 0 . 0 0 1
Children going 24$ 15#X>= 12 .42 P < .0 .001
Adults go ing 27# 2 2 #fv = 4 .15 P <. 0 .05
F a m i l i e s from 3-apartment houses
.After moving Before moving
Persons go ing 28$ 14$Xv = 13 .19 P < 0 . 0 0 1
Children going 29$ 1 1 $^V= 10 .80P < 0 .01
Adults going 27$ 17$*<= 3 088P < 0 .05
Table 14
Persons c a l l i n g doctor to house during 6-month per iods b e f oreand a f t e r rehous ing
F a m il ie s from 1-apartment bouses
Aft'ermoving
Beforemoving
■
Persons c a l l i n g doctor 17$ 15$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Children c a l l i n g doctor 32$ 21$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Adults c a l l i n g doctor 7$ 11$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
F a m il ie s from 2-apartment houses
A fterMoving
Beforemoving
Persons c a l l i n g doctor 16$ 12$)^l= 7 o55 P < 0 .01
Children c a l l i n g doctor 22$ 17$Border l ine s ig n i f i c a n c e
3 .58 P < 0 .1
Adults c a l l i n g doctor 12$ 8$4.03
P < 0 . 0 5
i & i
APPENDIX V III
Table 14 ( c o n td .)
F a m il ie s from 3-apartment houses
A ftermoving
B eforemoving
Persons c a l l i n g doctor 18 # 14# Not s i g n i f i c a n t
C hildren c a l l i n g doctor 24 # 22# Not s i g n i f i c a n t
A dults c a l l i n g doctor 12# 7# Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 15 Pregnancy
Housewives pregnantA ftermoving
Beforemoving
Prom 1 -a p t .h o u s e s 4#
l—1 I—1 Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Prom 2 -a p t .h o u s e s 1# 5#6.55
P < 0 .0 2
Prom 5 -a p t .h o u se s 2# 11# Not s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX IX EMILIES REHOUSED PROM BUILDINGS DUE FOR DEMOLI- TION SEEN 6 MONTHS APfW REHOUSING (52 c a se s )
Table 1T en a n ts1 o p in io n s o f d i s t r i c t
Opinion New d i s t r i c t Old d i s t r i c t
Like 90% 29%
R eserved 6% 15%X = 42 .5 9
D i s l i k e \% 56%P < 0 .0 0 1
Table 2Opinions o f r e n ts and r a te s
New house Old house
Rent & r a t e s consid ered e x c e s s iv e A% 60$
X = 35 .1 6 P < 0 .0 0 1 ■
Table 3T r a v e l l in g to work
"R eachab ility" o f workA ftermoving
Beforemoving
**Easy reach"(Up to 15 m inutes) 24$ 44$
"
^ F a ir ly easy reach" (15+ - 40 m inutes) 47$ 38$
Nots i g n i f i cant
" d i f f i c u l t kl (over 40 m inutes) 29$ 18$
Table 4Wage-earners
A ftermoving
Beforemoving
Average number of wage-earners per house 1 .37 1 .3 8------------- " ■ pHousewives go ing out to work i 40$ 39$
APPENDIX IX *
Table 5Income
Average weekly income A fter moving B efore moving
Per household £11 - 15 - 0 £ 1 1 - 4 - 9
Per head 68/3d G\ G\
VJH P*
TaMe 6Hire purchase
A ftermoving
Beforemoving
F a m il ie s w ith h ir e purchase commitments 62 io 4 2 / X = 4 .1 6 P < 0 .05
Average weekly HP payments o f above fami l i e s 17 /10
.............I I / I d t = 2 .5 2 P < 0 .0 2
Table 7Checks and Clubs
A ftermoving
B eforemoving
---- - --- " —---- ---------- ---
F a m il ie s w ith checks and clubs 2595 4 6 / X = 4 .8 8 P < 0 .0 5
Average weekly payments o f above fami l i e s 1 1 / - 9/'Id Hot s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 8Standard o f management
Standard o f managementA ftermoving
Beforemoving
GrOOd 6 2 / 3 5 /
F a ir 2 3 / 3 8 / X = 7 .7 9
Poor or had 15./ . . .—2 1 /P < 0 .0 5
APPENDIX IX
Table 9
F a m il ie s w ith A fter moving Before moving
T e le v is io n 11% 62%Nots i g n i f i c a n t
Washingmachines 15% 1%
¥ 6 1 ; ’ ...... .....s i g n i f i c a n t
Immersionh e a te r s No change
Telephones No change
Cars 6% 6% No change
Table 10
H o sp ita l adm issions over 6-month p er io d s b e fo re and a f t e r r e -
H o sp ita l adm issionsA ftermoving
Beforemoving
Persons 4% 5 # Not s i g n i f i c a n t
C hildren 6% 51° Not s i g n i f i c a n t
A dults 3% 51° Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 11
Persons go in g to d o c t o r s 1 s u r g e r ie s over 6-month p er iod s b e -fo re and a f t e r reh ou sin g
A ftermoving
S e fo removing |
Persons go in g 31# 21# X = 4 .54 P < 0 .05
C hildren go ing 351° 16# X t = 6 .84 P <. 0 .0 1
A dults g o in g 281° 24# Not s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX IX
T a b l e 12
Persons c a l l i n g d octor to house over 6-month p er io d s b e fo reand a f t e r rehousing
A fteraoving
Beforemoving
Persons c a l l i n g doctor 2l/o 14$B orderlin e s ig n i f i c a n c e
3 .3 8 P. < .0 .1
C hildren c a l l i n g doctor 33# 19 $ XV= 4 .1 2 P < 0 .0 5
A dults c a l l i n g doctor 12# 10 $ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 13
Pregnancy
T f l i ’r " Moving
Beforemoving
Housewives pregnant 3 fo 14 fo Not s i g n i f i c a n t
' 8C «
APPENDIX X FAMILIES REHOUSED FROM OLDER PUBLIC AUTHORITYHOUSES~SEEN 6 MONTHS AFTER REHOUSING- (55 c a s e s )
Table 1Tenants* o p in io n s of d i s t r i c t
Opinion New d i s t r i c t Old d i s t r i c t
Like 86$ 78$Not s i g n i f i c a n tR eserved 11$ 11$
D i s l i k e 3$ 11$
Table 2Opinions of r e n ts and r a t e s
New house Old house
Rent and r a t e s considered e x c e s s iv e n $ 24$
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 5T rav e llin g to work
" R e a c h a b il i ty ” o f workA ftermoving
Beforemoving
"Easy reach"(Up to 15 m inutes) 13 $ 18$" F a ir ly easy reach" (15+ - 40 m inutes) 58$ 58$
Hots i g n i f i c a n t
"^ D iff icu lt"(Over 40 m inutes) 29$ 24$
Table 4W age-earners
A fter moving Before moving
T o ta l wage earners 45 81
W age-earners per house 1 .2 9 2ol3
APPENDIX X
1 8 ?9
Table 5Income
Average w eekly income A fte r moving Before moving
Per household £13 - 4 - lOd £18 - 0 - 3d
Per head 7 3 / - 61/5
Table 6Hire Purchase
A ftermoving
Beforemoving
F a m il ie s w ith h ire purchase commitments 691o 19/o ft = 1 9 .9 0 P < . 0 .0 0 1
Average weekly HP payments of above f a m i l i e s 1 7 / ld I 7 /8 d Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 7Checks and Clubs
A ftermoving
Beforemoving
F a m il ie s w ith checks and c lubs 9f° 13/» Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Average weekly payments o f above f a m i l i e s 7 /6d 5/6d Not s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX X
T a b l e 8S t a n d a r d o f m anagem ent
Standard o f management A fter moving B efore moving
Good 86$ 79$
P a ir 11$ 16$
Poor or bad 3$ 5 $
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 9
F a m il ie s w ith - A fter moving Before moving
T e le v is io n 71$ 68$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Washing machines 23$
00 Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Immersion h e a ter s 3$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Telephones 3$ 13$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Cars 9$ 16$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 10
H o sp ita l adm issions over 6-month per iod s b efore and a f t e rreh ou sin g
H o sp ita ladm issions After moving B efore moving
Persons 4$ 3$ No change
C hildren 4$ 3$ No change
A dults 4$ 3$ No change
APPENDIX X
Table 11
Persons go in g t o do c t o r s 1 s u r g e r ie s over 6-month periods b efo re ~and a f t e r rehousing
Aftnr moving ■ R f i f n r p m n v i n g
Persons go ing 28$ 12 $X^=~ 1 4 .21P < 0 . 0 0 1
C hildren goingr ~
25$ 14$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
A dults go ing 29$ 10$~D(*= 12.91'
P < 0 .001
Table 12
P ersons c a l l i n g doctor to house over 6-month periods beforeand a f t e r reh o u sin g
A ftermoving
B efore I movingl
Persons c a l l i n g doctor 17$ 9$b o r d e r l in e s ig n if ic a n c e
t - 3 .34 P < 0 .1
C hildren c a l l i n g doctor 25$ 22$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
A dults c a l l i n g doctor 11$ 3$5 .95
P < 0 .0 2
Table 13Pregnancy
A fter moving Before moving
Housewives pregnant 6$ 3$Hots i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX XI FAMILIES IN WHICH THE GENERAL HOME BACKGROUND (AS DISTINCT PROM THE HOUSE7~wIS ASSESSED AS "POOR" OR f 1BAD^BE'FORE REHOUSING. SEEN 6 MONTHS
AFTER REHOUSING ' “ " ~~~C43 c a s e s ’)
Table 1T en an tsT op in ion of d i s t r i c t
Opinion New d i s t r i c t Old d i s t r i c t |
Like 88$ 41$
Reserved 2$ 5$A = 21.35P < 0 .001
D is l ik e 10$ 54$- ......................................................................... -
Table 2Opinions of Rents and R ates
New house Old house
R ents and r a te s considered e x c e s s iv e 7$ 60$
S i g n i f i c a n t X - 23*58 P < 0 .0 0 1
Table 3T r a v e l l in g to work
"R eachab ility" or workA ftermoving
Beforemoving
hEasy reach"(Up to 15 m inutes) 12$ 24$"F air ly easy reach" (15+ - 40 m inutes) 49$ 50$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t" D if f ic u l t"(Over 40 m inutes) 39$ 26$
Table 4W age-earners
A ftermoving
Beforemoving
Average number of w age-earners per house 1 .2 1 1 .30
Housewives go ing out to work 21$
i i
J
APPENDIX XI
T a b le 5Income
Average weekly income A fter moving Before moving
Per household £11 - 16 - 5d £12 - 1 - 7d
Per head 5 8 / ld 5 8 / ld
Table 6Hire Purchase
A fternoving
B eforemoving
F a m il ie s w ith h ir e purchase commitments 67$ 41$ X = 5 .73 P < 0 .0 2
Average weekly HP payments o f above f a m i l i e s 16/5d I 5 / I d Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 7 Checks and Clubs
A ftermoving
Deforemoving
F a m il ie s w ith checks and c lu b s 331o 431o Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Average weekly payments o f above fami l i e s 9/4d 10/3d Not s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX XI
Table 8Standard o f management
Standard o f managementA ftermoving
Beforemoving
GrOOd 26#
P a ir 43#A = 45 .61
Poor or bad 31 # 100#P < 0 .0 0 1
Table 9
F a m il ie s w ithA ftermoving
B eforemoving
T e le v is io n 6 7 / 64# Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Washing machines 1 9 / 11# Not s i g n i f i c a n tImmersionh e a te r s 2 / r Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Telephones 5 / Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Cars 5# 2 / Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 10
H o sp ita l adm issions over 6 month per iods b efore and a f t e rreh ou sin g
H o sp ita l adm issionsA ftermoving
Beforemoving
Persons 5 / 6 / Not s i g n i f i c a n t
C hildren 4 / 5 / Not s i g n i f i c a n t
A d ults 6 / 6 / No change
APPENDIX XI
Table 11
Persons go ing to d o c t o r s ' su r g e r ie s over 6-month p er iod sb efo re and a f t e r reh ousin g ’
A ftermoving
Beforemoving
Persons go in g 2 6fo 18#B ord er lin e s ig n i f i c a n c e
3 .53 P < 0 .1
C hildren going 30# 10# X = 11 .39 P < 0 .0 0 1
A d ults go in g 22 # 25# Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 12
Persons c a l l i n g doctor to house over 6-.month p er iod s beforeand a f t e r 2rehousing
A ftermoving
Beforemoving
Persons c a l l i n g doctor 21# 13# Not s i g n i f i c a n t
C hildren c a l l i n g doctor 23# 20# Not s i g n i f i c a n t
A dults c a l l i n g doctor 18# 6# X * " = 5 .38 P < .0 .0 5
Table 13Pregnancy
A fter B eforemoving moving
Housewives pregnant 3# 12# Not s i g n i f i c a n t
i NAPPENDIX X II P AMI LIES CONTAINING- OLE-A PE PENSIONERS VISITED
Table 1Tenants ' op in ion o f d i s t r i c t
Opinion New d i s t r i c t Old d i s t r i c t
Like 875? 555?
R eserved 135? 185?I = 9 .74
P < 0 . 0 1
D i s l i k e _ (MTable 2
Hire Purchase
A fter e fo r e ”moving moving
j P a m il ie s w ith h ire I purchase commitments [ 33$ 2 0 fo Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Average weekly HP payments o f above f a m i l i e s 15 /8d 14/2d Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 3Standard o f management
Standard o f management moving moving
Good 96$ 80$
P air 15$Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Poor or bad
APPENDIX X II
Table 4
F a m i l i e s w i th -A ftermoving
Beforemoving
T e le v is io n 71$ 44$ X *"= 4 .9 5 P < 0 . 0 5
Y/ashing machines 42$ 22$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Telephones 8 $ 13$ Hot s i g n i f i c a n t
Cars 8$ 7$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX X III FAMILIES CONTAINING- 1 CHILD, 2 CHILDREN AND3 OR MORE CHILDREN WHEN SEEN 6 MONTHS AFTER
Table 1T en a n ts1 o p in io n s o f d i s t r i c t
" O n e-ch ild M f a m i l i e s
New d i s t r i c t Old d i s t r i c tOpinion
88foLike2 0 . 4 6
10 foReserved
D i s l i k e
"Two-child" f a m i l i e s
New d i s t r i c t Old d i s t r i c tOpinion
Like
Reserved
D is l ik e
"Three or more ch ild " f a m i l i e s
Old d i s t r i c tNew d i s t r i c tOpinion
Like
X = 26.45 P < 0 .001
185?Reserved
2 7 9 ?D i s l i k e
*11.APPENDIX X III
Table 2Opinions of ren ts and r a te s
F a m il ie s co n ta in in g - Rent and e x c e ss iv e new house
r a te s considered in -| o ld house
. . .
I - c h i ld 2 56 40#X**39*93P *0*001
2- c h i ld r e n 3 io ! 40$ itS 58-81p < o -o o x
3 or more ch ild ren 6% 41 % “i? is3'6'-5TJ P < 0 . ° ° I
Table 3Wage-earners
"O ne-ch ild” fa m i l ie s
I T ota l number of wage-earners
1 Average number of wage- | earners per housei _____ _
A fter moving j. Before moving
149 172
1-75 I *91
"Two-child" fa m il ie s A fter moving I Before moving
! T ota l number of wage-earners
Average number of wage- earn ers per house
203
7 -3 7
218
Y-42
"Three or more ch ild" f a m i l i e s
A fter moving Before moving
T ota l number of wage-earners 112 142
Average number of wage- earners per house
1 . 17 1-38
APPiiiNi) 1X X I I I
T a b le 4Housewives going out to work
\ F a m il ie s c o n ta in in g - j Housewives going out to work*”; A fter movingi
before moving
I - c h i ldi
. [32$ j Not s i g n i f i c a n t
1 2 -c h i ld r e ni [ 21% 31$! Not s i g n i f i c a n t
\ 3 or more ch ild ren* [ 8%111$ I Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 5
j Tenants changing t h e ir.......— ...—........ — ------- ---■........
F a m il ie s c o n ta in in g -• work during the f i r s t I - c h i ld j 2 - ch ild ren 3 or more\ s i x months a f t e r r e - ch ild ren| housing n ... ______
ti 5$ [ 1$ 9$
Table 6T r a v e l l in g t o work
I ’’One c h i ld " fa m il ie s
" R ea ch ab ility of work" A ftermoving
Beforemoving
"Easy reach"(Up to 15 minutes) 17$ 38$
" F a ir ly easy reach" (I5 + -40 minutes) 50$ 40$
A s l 9 *
P < 0" D iff i c u l t "(Over 40 minutes) 33$ 22$
APPENDIX XIII♦
Table 6 (c o n td .)
I "T w o-ch ild"fam iliesi - --
---- --— ------ ------------ ,--------------------— ..— .— .
| "R eachab ility"of worki
f A fter | moving
Beforemoving
| "Easy reach" j (Up to 15 minutes) 17# 31#} " F a ir ly easy reach" J (I5 + -40 minutes)
" D if f ic u lt"| (Over 40 minutes)i
5 5 $ ____ft| 28#
4 6 $
2 3 $
A - 7*87
P < 0*02
j "Three or more c h i ld " fa m il ie s
1 "R eachab ility"of work
................................... i
A ftermoving
Beforemoving
1 "Easy reach"! (Up to 15 minutes)i ... .................
19# 2 3 $[| " F a ir ly easy reach" j (154—40 minutes) 55# 5 1 $
Not s ig n i f i c a n t
" D if f ic u lt"(Over 40 minutes) 26# 20$
\
Table 7----------™~ Income
"O ne-ch ild"fa m il ie s
Average weekly income- A fter moving Before moving
Per household £14 - I - 9d £15 _ 6 - 7d
Per head 8 2 / - 7 8 /5d
APPENDIX XIII C L O O ,Table 7 (c o n td .)
"T w o-ch ild"fam ilies
j Average weekly income- I A fter moving Before moving
| Per household £13 — 7 — 4 £13 - 8 -
j Per head 64/ 4? ~ ^i
_ _ 62-/ x l d-
"Three or more c h i ld " fa m il ie s
Average weekly income- A fter moving Before moving
j Per household £13 _ 19 _ io a £14 _ 15 _ 3ar
j Per head 5 1 / - 49 /I0d
Table 8~~ Hire purchase
Households with h ire purchase commitments
j After moving
Beforemoving
" I -ch ild " fa m il ie s S 58$ ~~1|
26$ 1 8 * 5 9 P < 0 * 0 0 1
"2-ch ild" fa m il ie s ; 55$t 29% X l =22*89 P < 0 * 0 0 1
" 3 or more child" f a m i l i e s
1 66$
J____ ................
33% X * - a 21*16 P < 0 * 0 0 1
Average weekly payments o f above f a m i l i e s
; A fter j Before * moving | moving
1 1 ■" I-ch ild " fa m i l ie s j 1 6 / 3 1 5 / - Not s ig n i f i c a n t
" 2-ch ild " fa m i l ie s X8/7d I 6 / I d Not s ig n i f i c a n t
" 3 or more child" f a m i l i e s
J 16/7 l 6 / 5 a Not s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX' XI.IITable 9
Checks and clubs
3-0?.
Households with checks ; and c lu b s 1i
■ - - ........... 3
A ftermoving
Before ; moving |
. ____ f" I -c h ild " f a m i l ie s j
ni . . . - - - - - , (9% 2 8$ | 9*64 P ^ O O I
"2-ch ild " f a m i l ie s 1if- i
16% 24 % jBorderline . X«3*4I[ s ig n i f ic a n c e 1 P < 0 - I
"5 or more child" | f a m i l i e s \
21% 39% ! X*a7*65 P < 0 , 01[
Average weekly payments of above jf a m i l i e s
- - - , , !,
A ftermoving
Beforemoving
i!((i
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . r
" I-ch ild " f a m i l i e s \ 9 /5 d I 0 /4 di
> Not s i g n i f i c a n t" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . !'
"2-ch ild " fa m i l ie s j IO /Id 9 / I df
| Not s ig n i f i c a n t
"5 or more child" j f a m i l i e s \
1 2 / - I 2 / I d>j No change )
Table 10Standard of management
"O ne-ch ild"fam iliesl------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- — —
j S tandard of managementi
A fter moving Before moving
| Good 83% 66%
| P a ir 12% 24%
| Poor or bad 3% 10%
^ v -7*29 P < 0 - 0 5
"Tw o-child"fam ilies
j Standard of management A fter moving Before moving
| Good 8 0 $ 6 5 #
j P a iri
11% 2 3 #
t " ' ~“ ------ ------------ ----- ------- --------
| Poor or bad 3% 12#
y 1- - 10-85 P < O-OI
APPENDIX XIII
Table II "Three or more ch ild " fa m i l ie sStandard of management
| Standard of management j A fter moving j Before moving
j Good [ 68# ‘t™ 56#I________________________________ _________________________ ______L ...... ;
F & ir j 1 5 * j 30$
Poor or bad [ r f f | ” 14*
6*82 . *W<. 0*05- This in d ic a t e s a s i g n i f i c a n t o v e r a l ls h i f t from f a i r to good and f a i r to poor or bad. The s h i f t in
I any one d ir e c t io n i s not s i g n i f i c a n t .
Table 12
"O n e-ch ild " fam ilies
P a m il ie s w ith-IiA ftermoving
Beforemoving
f>
\ T e le v is io n3
87# ........ ii$> ........ ' Not s i g n i f i c a n t
| Washing machines 27# 19* ! Not s ig n i f i c a n t
| Immersion h ea ters 4#........ '
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
j Telephonesi .............
7# 8* Not s ig n i f i c a n t
| Cars 9# II#■' ..... ..... ..... ........... . —- -..-..-
Not s ig n i f i c a n t
"T w o-ch ild"fam ilies
P a m ilie s w ith- A fter Before 1moving moving !
?...”1............. "■ ..... ............' T e le v is io n 89# 85* Not s ig n i f i c a n t
i Washing machines 29# 2 3 * Not s ig n i f i c a n t
Immersion h ea ters. . . . 2 * _ 1.
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Telephones 3 * 5* Not s i g n i f i c a n t1
Cars j 1 0 # j 1 2 # Not s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX XIII
Table 12 (c o n td .)
"Three or more c h i ld " fa m ilie s
2 . 0 1*
5 P < 0 * 0 2
[ P a m il ie s w ith -
J T e le v is io n
A fter Before j moving j moving j
......... .rr,_..rn.i.......... ....... .....j
87# ] 73# I )‘ t
5*6-
J Washing machines
| Immersion h ea ters
j Telephones1....... .. ...............................j CarsL „ . ____ '
Table 13H osp ita l a
38# j 21# ! t } - z . 6 ' 2 7 P < 0 * 0 2f 1 '
4-% j - j Not s i g n i f i c a n t
2$ | 3% \ Not s i g n i f i c a n t\ i
10* 1 9* 1 Not s i g n i f i c a n t
dm issions over s i x month per iod s beforeand a l t e r rehousing
"O ne-ch ild " fam ilies
H o sp ita l adm issions J A fter moving ‘ Beforei moving
Persons 1 6 *1
4# Not s ig n i f i c a n t
Children | 8* 2# Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Adults ; •5# No change
"T w o-ch ild"fam ilies
H o sp ita l adm issions A fter moving Before moving
Persons 3# 3# No change
Children 3# !\
4# Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Adults .......... ~ 3 * ....D I2# Not s i g n i f i c a n t
"Three or more c h i ld ’’f a m i l ie s
H o sp ita l adm issions j A fter movingj Before moving;
Persons j ........4# ............j_ 4# Jno change
Childrenj 1
: 4# j 3# [Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Adults I 4# :j 7#*jNot s i g n i f i c a n t
l o t fAPPENDIX X I I I
T a b le 14Persons go ing to d o c t o r s ' s u r g e r i e s over s i x month
p er iod s before and a f t e r rehousing.................. ........
" O n e-ch ild " fam ilies
: A fter | moving
Beforemoving
Persons go ing * 3 0 $ 1 9 $ ) ( * * * 1 0 * 2 7 P < 0 * 0 1
Children going ; 3 2 $ 1 7 $ B orderline s ig n i f i c a n c ei 3 * 1 7 P < 0 * 1
A dults go ing j 2 9 $ | 1 8 $
............ , ... ...... ... i . .... iX * - * 8 * 0 1 P < 0 * 0 1
”T w o-child”fa m i l ie s
J A fter Beforej moving moving
" ■ ' ’ ■■ 1 ........ If 1' 1.................. . 1... . '■iPersons going 1 2 6 $ 1936 X s 10*10 P < 0*01|Children going | 28$ 12* X s 10*74 P < 0*01A dults go ing j 24$ 2 0 % Not s i g n i f i c a n t
’’Three or more c h i ld f a m i l ie s
A ftermoving
Beforemoving
Persons going _ _ _ 25ft I4?»
Children going 23$ I0J6
Adults go ing 21% 20%
X « 19*87 P < 0*001
X a 20*40 P_< 0*001
B orderline s ig n i f i c a n c e X * a 3 * 4 I P < 0 . 1
2 - 0 S
APPENDIX XIH
Table 15Persons c a l l i n g doctor t o house over s i x month peri ods b efore and a f t e r rehousing
"O n e-eh ild " fam ilies
Persons c a l l i n g doctor
Children c a l l i n g doctor
A dults c a l l i n g doctor
A fter Beforemoving moving
I 656 11$..............
A s 14*39 P < 0*05
26$ Not s ig n i f i c a n t....i t .............
12$ 6$ X • 5-17 P ^ 0-05
! ”T w o-ch ild " fam ilies
Persons c a l l i n g doctor
Children c a l l i n g doctor
A dults c a l l i n g doctor
A fter J Before moving j moving
1856
2456
1256
13*
18$
1%
X 1 4-40 P * 0*05
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
X * 4 -43 P < 0 '05
j "Three or more child" f a m i l i e s
A fter 1 moving
Beforemoving
Persons c a l l i n g doctor 17* 12$ X 3. 6-44 P < 0-02
Children c a l l i n g doctor 20$.............. i 15$ X** 3*99 P < 0 0 5
A dults c a l l i n g doctor 12# | 8$ Not s ig n i f i c a n t
Table 16Pregnancy
Housewives pregnant A ftermoving
Beforemoving
"I-ch ild"group 6$ 7$ Not s i g n i f ican t
"2-child"group - 5$ Not s i g n i f ica n t
"Three or more child" group 2$---------------- 7$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX XIV PAMJLIJES IN WHICH ONE OR MORE MEMBERS SUPFERED ........................... ERQtf' d i s a b i i i t i ^ i r m m ~ m m m ^ m f r T m m r r r
IN HOUSING; VISITED AFTER SIX MONTHS7 0 4 c a s e s )
Table ITenants1 op in ion s of d i s t r i c t
i| Opinion
!New d i s t r i c t ) Old d i s t r i c t
j! Like« 88# | 51#j)1 Reserved 6# ! 9#
! D i s l ik e < 6# I 40#
X = 1 2 - 3 2
P < 0*01
Table 2Opinions of r e n ts and r a te s
' 1.... "j New house Old house
Rent & r a te s considered e x c e s s iv e J - 49$
19*41 P < 0*001
Table 3T r a v e ll in g t o work
"R eachab ility"of work A fter moving Before moving
"Easy reach”(Up to 15 minutes)
" F a ir ly easy reach" ( 15— 40 minutes)
" D i f f i c u l t ”(Over 40 minutes)
28$
38$
10$
57$
34$ „1_ 33$
s i g n i f i c a n t
--- ----“---- A fter Beforemoving moving
Housewives going out to work 18$ 6$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX XIV
Tab le 5Income
Average weekly income- A fter moving Before moving
Per household £12 - 10 - 7d £13 - 5 - 5d
i Per head 7 6 / I d 70 /5d
Table 6Hire purchase
j A fter j Before I | moving j moving |i
P a m il ie s with h ire j 50$ purchase commitments j
...... ... ............T37$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
ji -3
Average weekly pay- j 20/4 ments o f above j f a m i l i e s j
I 8 / I d:
. ________________________ 1
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 7Checks and c lu b s
; A fter | moving
Beforemoving... ’ ............... \...... ..............i
P a m ilie s with checks ! 6$ and c lu b s j
20$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Average weekly pay- j 5 / - ments o f above | f a m i l i e s 1
................................................... i .......................
7 /6 d Not s ig n i f i c a n t
T a b l e 8Standard of management
Standard o f management A fter moving Before moving
Good 85$
i ? , i
3
P a ir 9$ 14$ Not
Poor or bad 6$ M s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX XIV
Table 9
2.0 8
P a m ilie s w ith - A fter Before imoving moving
T e le v is io n 74# 20# X S P < 0 .0 0 1
Washing machines 32# 9# i XV« 4*96 P < 0*05 [Immersion h e a ter s
;3# - j Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Telephones 3# 9# j Not s ig n i f i c a n t
Cars 9#1 t 11 ■
9# j No change
Table 10”........... H osp ita l adm issions over s i x month per iod s before
and a f t e r rehousing
H o sp ita l adm issions1 }
A fter j Before j_ ........ .... .......... ........ ........... moving j moving
Persons 5# i\\
I I# \ B orderline s ig n if ic a n c e j P < 0 * I
Children\
6# ; ! Not s i g n i f i c a n t
A dults 5# |I
16# | A : 5-12 P < 0*05
Table I IPersons going to d o c to rs ' su rg e r ie s over s ix months periods hefore arid a f t e r rehousing^
iA fter !
Beforef
moving moving
Persons going 33# 24# Not s ig n i f ic a n t
Children going 34# 19# Not s ig n i f ic a n t
Adults going __ 3 3 # _ J 25#------------------- i Not s ig n i f ic a n t
1.0^♦
APPENDIX XIV
Table 12Perso ns c a l l i n g doctor to house over s i x month p er iod s before and a f t e r rehousing
A fter Beforemoving moving
, ..........« . . . ..............- ................. ....... .................................................. ............. -........................
Persons c a l l i n g doctor 16$ 14$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Children c a l l i n g doctor 41$ 19$ Borderline s ig n i f i c a n c e - 3*66 P < 0*1
A dults c a l l i n g doctor 6$ 12$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX XV PAMILIES REHOUSED PROM I , 2 AND J-APARTMENT' - TENEMENT HOUSES SEEN ONE YEAR APTER REHOUSING.
Table I~ ' T enan ts1 op in ions of Drumchapel
P a m il ie s from I-apartment housesr -
Opinion; ...........................; A fter I year ;! ! A fter 6 months
Like ’ i
00 1
•*1 i ! i 1
“1
82 foNot
Reserved 1 10$ > 105s i g n i f i c a n t
D is l ik ei
j 6$ 8$
P a m ilie s from 2-apartment houses
Opinion A fter I year j A fter 6 months
Like j 88$ j _____90%____________
| Reserved 9$ I 8$I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " | " " . . . . ~ p ~ . . .
j D i s l ik e [ 3$ j 2$
P a m il ie s from 3-apartment houses
s i g n i f i c a n t
Opinion A fter I year [ A fter 6 months
Like ;
Reserved j
89$ |
9$ :
......85$
11$Not
s i g n i f i c a n t! D i s l ik e j 2$ ; 4$
Table 2— ~ - Opinions o f r e n ts and r a te s
- Tenants from Rents & r a te s o f new house1 houses o f - considered e x c e s s iv e
A fter I year A fter 6 months
I-apartm ent 4$ 2$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t!
2-apartm ents 2$ 4$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
5-apartm ents 2$ 9$- .................- ■ - ~i
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX XV
Table_ 3Wage-earners
P a m il ie s from I-apartment houses. . . . . . . . V T " J l ’ r , i r '
I1
A fter I year A fter 6 months
T o ta l number of wage-earners j 5 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Average number o f wage-earners per house j
1-23 1-33
P a m il ie s from 2-apartment houses
A fter I year A fter 6 months
• T o ta l number" of wage-earners ; 559 354
Average number of wage-earners \ per house !
1-45 1*40
P a m il ie s from 3-apartment houses
Ii t A fter I year A fter 6 months
1 T o ta l number of wage-earners !1
69 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average number of wage-earners ; ! per house ji . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . . . . . . . . . I
1-53 I *51
Table 4Housewives go ing out to work
P a m ilie s from 1 Housewives go ing out to workhouses o f - A fter I year A fter 6 months
I-apartm ent 24* 37*
2-apartm ents 28 * 27*
3-apartm ents 19* 12*
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX XV
T a b le 5
Tenants changing th e ir work during the second !6 months a f t e r rehousing ; I-apartment
S " A f t
P am ilies from houses of -
Table 6
2-apartm ents 3-apartment,6% " "5ft.”■
T r a v e ll in g to work from Drumchapel
P a m il ie s from I-apartment houses
"R eachab ility"of work [1
A fter I year
A fter 6 months
’’Easy reach” j (Up to 15 minutes) j
■-- - - - ....
21# 18#" ■ | ’’P a ir ly easy reach” |( 154—40 minutes) ) 52%
........... .... ....
53%
Not
s i g n i f i c a n t" D if f ic u lt"(Over 40 minutes) 27* 29%
P a m il ie s from 2-apartment houses
J " R ea ch a b il i ty ”of workI\
A fter I year
A fter 6 months
| "Easy reach"| (Up to 15 minutes)j
23% 20%
j " P a ir ly easy reach" j ( 154—40 minutes) 58% 53%
Not
" D iff icu lt '*( (Over 40 m inutes)i
19% 21%s i g n i f i c a n t
a j l *
APPENDIX XV
Table 6 (c o n td .)
P a m il ie s from 3-apartment houses
1 "R eaehab ility"of workL .....................
| A fter I | year
| A fter 6 months
| "Easy reach" j (Up to 15 minutes)
iI1 24$ 1* 12$ Not
| " P a ir ly easy reach" i ( 154.-40 minutes)
"! ' "--- ---------
; 50$C\Jin s i g n i f i c a n t
i" D if f ic u lt"(Over 40 minutes)
jJ1 26$ I 36$
Table 7Income
P a m il ie s from I-apartment houses
Average weekly income A fter I year i!
A fter 6 months
Per household £11 - 9 - 2d £11 _ 9 _ 7di! Per head 6 4 /4d ! 6 5 / -
P a m il ie s from 2-apartment houses
Average weekly income A fter I year \ A fter 6 months
Per household £13 - 19 - 4d £13 - 16 - Id
Per head 68/ 2d | 67/ 2d
P a m ilie s from 3-apartment houses............... ...
j Average weekly income. r
A fter I year j A fter 6 months
Per household £14 - 16 - 3d J £14 _ 14 _ 6d!, Per head 6 3 /2 d j 6 3 /6 d
i f v .
APPENDIX XV
Table 8Hire purchase
: Households w ith h ire ; purchase commitments
j A fter I j year
A fter 6 j months
i Prom I -a p t houses I 48$ 69$ (X% 4-61 P < 0-05
Prom 2-apt houses 1 47$ - 1 54$ j1 Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Prom 3-apt houses ■| 47$ 51$ | Not s i g n i f i c a n t
; Average weekly pay- ! ments o f above•! f a m i l i e s
► A fter I! year!•i .................
A fter 6 j months !t?....... ....... . ■ *...
Prom I -a p t houses : i 8 / i d-i-.........— ..... |
I 8 /6 d [ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Prom 2-apt houses ! l 6 /4 d . . ; I 7 /3 d j Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Prom 3-&pt houses ! I9 /4 di I 4 /7 d j Not s ig n i f i c a n t
Table 9Checks and c lu bs
; Households with checks j A fter I j and c lu b s j year
j A fter 6 | months
■ I ■ ■■
|i
| Prom I -a p t houses : 21$ ! 14$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
S Prom 2-apt houses ■ 13$ ’ 14$ | Not s i g n i f i c a n t
j Prom 3-apt houses 1 22$ ! 13$ | Not s i g n i f i c a n ti
Average weekly pay- ; ments o f above | f a m i l i e s
I A fter I ■ year
| A fter 6I months|!
j
t!
Prom I -a p t houses I 8 /6 d i I 0 /4 d--I--................... ................
Not s i g n i f i c a n tf
Prom 2-apt houses I 0 /2 d i I 0 /3 d Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Prom 3-apt houses j I I / - j I 2 / 4 d Not s i g n i f i c a n t
1.1 S.APPENDIX XV
Table 10Standard of management
P a m il ie s from I-apartment houses
Standard of management j A fter I year............................................. j ............................ .
Good | 73$
.— — . . - _ A fter 6 months
72*— .......... I..... - --------- ---
P a ir j 19$
Poor or bad j 8$
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
P a m il ie s from 2-apartment houses
12*
16*
i Standard of management j A fter I year
| Good | 77$
A fter 6 months
78*1 ! j P a ir | 18$
j Poor or bad j 5$
17*
5*i
__ Not s ig n i f i c a n t
P a m il ie s from 3-apartment houses
Standard of management j A fter I year
Good ) 78$
A fter 6 months
89*1
P a ir j 18$
Poor or bad | 4$
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
7*
4*
APPENDIX XV
T ab le_ I I
Fami1 i e s from I-apartment houses
F a m il ie s w ith - ; A fter I ' A fter 6year " months
f "
T e le v is io n ! 83$ 67$\\B orderline s ig n i f i c a n c e
3-33 P < 0-1
Washing machines 27$ \ 20$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
R e fr ig e r a to r s Nonei
None No change
Immersion h ea ters 4$ 4$ No change
Telephones 4$ 2$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Cars | 4$ 2$ : Not s i g n i f i c a n t
F a m il ie s from 2-apartment houses.." ' 5
F a m il ie s w ith- j*
A fter I year
A fter 6 months
......................................................
T e le v is io n ! 92$ 88$ B orderlin e s ig n i f ic a n c e X - 2*99 P < 0-1
tWashing machines ; 34$ 31$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
R e fr ig e r a to r s ;..............
2$........
None ! Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Immersion h ea ters ! 9$ 3$ 1 5*16 P < 0-05!
Telephones 1 II $)
4$ j 8*14 P < 0-01
Cars ; 10 $ 11$ I................ i Not s i g n i f i c a n t
F a m il ie s from 5-anartment houses* ..... ....»j F a m il ie s w ith-J
A fter I year
; A fter 6 • months
: T e le v is io n 89$ 83$ ;Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Washing machines 40$ ■ 34$ ;Not s i g n i f i c a n t
; R e fr ig e r a to r s 2$ None -Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Immersion h ea ters 9$ 4$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
■ Telephones 16$ 6$ ;Not s i g n i f i c a n t
: Cars ; 9 $ ; 9$ ;No change
APPENDIX
Table 12
XV
H osp ita l adm issions over s i x month period before rehousing and second s i x month period a f t e r rehousing
P a m il ie s from I-apartment housesi '" - '
H o sp ita l......... t
adm issions ; Second 6 | months
Beforemoving
(
I - f •Persons : 5% 6$ ; Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Children ; 5 °/o 4$ i Not s i g n i f i c a n t
A dults 1 y/° 7 $ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
P a m il ie s from 2-apartment houses< * j H o sp ita l adm issions ( Second 6
| months• ......
Beforemoving
\S
Persons ...... ; .....3 * ........... 4$ ' Not s i g n i f i c a n ti| Children | 2 fo 5 f Not s i g n i f ican t
1 A dults I M 51° Not s i g n i f i c a n t
P a m il ie s from 5-apartment houses
........... . . . H
Beforemoving
H o sp ita l adm issions ; Second 6 | months
Persons I 5$ 4* Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Children j 3% Not s i g n i f i c a n t
A dults I 5* 6$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX XV
Table 13 Persons going to d o c to rs ’ su rg e r ie s over s ix month period before rehousing and second s ix month period a f t e r rehousing
Pam ilies from I-apartm ent houses
Second 6 ; Before J months j moving j
Persons going
Children going
Adults going
28%
22 % 33%
22%10%
30%
Pam ilies from 2-apartment houses
; Second 6 j Before I months j moving
Persons going 23%
Children going ' 18%
Adults going 28%
Pam ilies from 3-apartm ent houses
Second 6 months
rPersons going ‘ 21%
Children going ; 17%
Adults going j 25%
tBefore moving ,
14% j
n # I17#
Not s ig n i f ic a n t
X"*"* 4*50 P < 0*05
Not s ig n i f ic a n t
: X = 5*48 P 5 , 0-02
15% Not s ig n i f ic a n t
22% j X s 4*97 P < 0 '02
X - 4*11 p 5 . 0*05
Not s ig n i f ic a n t
Not s ig n i f ic a n t
APPENDIX XV 1
Table 14 Persons c a l l in g doctor to house during s ix monthbefore rehousing and second s ix month period a f t e r rehousing
P a m ilie s from I-apartment houses
; Second 6 Before ■! months ; moving
Persons c a l l in g doctor : 14# 15# Not s ig n i f ic a n t. . . .
Children c a l l in g doctor 18# 1 21# Not s ig n i f ic a n t
Adults c a l l in g doctor I I# } 1156■
No changePam ilies from 2-apartment houses
| Second 6 Before (j months : moving s
f ...... ............Persons c a l l in g doctor j 15% j— • ................ ■ ( * 12# Not s ig n i f ic a n t
i >C hildren c a l l in g doctor } 16# ; 17# Not s ig n i f ic a n t
1 | J * .A dults c a l l in g doctor j 14# ; 8# X * 7*84 P < 0-Pam ilies from 3-apartment houses
. Second 6 j Before; months j moving
- iPersons c a l l in g doctor 14# 1 14% No change
Children c a l l in g doctor ; 15# 22% Not s ig n i f ic a n t
Adults c a l l in g doctor } 13# ! 1% Not s ig n i f ic a n tTable 15
Pregnancy
j Housewives pregnant A fter I : A fter 6j year j months tt ~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . j j r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
| Prom I -a p t houses \ 1% j 4# j Not s ig n i f ic a n t
j Prom 2-apt houses 3# ; I# ! Not s ig n i f ic a n tr ( ■ ’.................... . '| Prom 3-apt houses - • 2# ; Not s ig n i f ic a n t
APPENDIX XVI
Table I
PAMILIES REHOUSED PROM BUILDINGS DUE PORDEMOLITION SEEN ONE YEAR AFTER REHOUSING
Tenants' opinions of Drumchapel
Opinion
Like
.Reserved
D is lik e Table 2
After I year
84?«
10$
6$
A fter 6 months !
90$
6 $ Not s ig n i f ic a n t
Rents and r a te s considered | excessive |
Opinions of r e n ts and r a te s
(After I year j A fter 6 months
4#
Not s ig n i f ic a n t Table 3
T rave ll ing to work
"R eachab ility"o f work | A fter I year
"Easy reach"(Up to 15 minutes)
" P a ir ly easy reach" ( 15— 40 minutes)
" D if f ic u l t"
18$
56 $
26$
A fter 6 months'
24$ Not
s ig n i f ican t
1 (Over 40 minutes) j _________1Table 4
A fter I year l A fte r 6
Housewives going out to work 40$ o i;I
No change
APPENDIX XVI
Table 5 ..... Income
Average weekly income j A fter I year
Per household
Per head
Table 6
£12 - 8 - 7
7 0 /5 d
Hire purchase
A fter 6 months
£11 - 15 - Od
68/3d
A fter I year
F a m il ie s with h ire j purchase commitments ! 57$
A fter 6 months
62$
Average weekly payments o f above f a m i l i e s
18/ - I 7 / I 0 C
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Not s i g n i f i c a n t.L ,„ ..
Table 7Checks and c lu bs
F a m ilie s with checks and clubs
Average weekly payments o f above f a m i l i e s
A fter I year
31$
9 /2 c
A fter 6 \ months I
25$ Not s ig n i f i c a n t
I I / - Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 8Standard of management
A fter 6 1months
Standard of management t A fter I| year
Good
F a ir
61$
29$
62$
23$
Poor or bad 15$s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX XVI
Table 9
f P a m il ie s w ith - ; A f te r l year ; A fter 6 months I
5 T e le v is io nr ■...
Washing ; machinesr ■■ ■ ■■
| Immersion j h e a te r sj
j Telephones
9°$
IQ%
J J 1
15%
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Cars 2 %
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Not s i g n i f i c a n tTable 10H o sp ita l adm issions over s i x month period before rehousing and second s i x month period a f t e r rehousing ........... ...
Persons
Children
A dults
Table IIP ersons g o i n g t o d o c to r s ’ su r g e r ie s over s i x month period before rehousing and second' s i x month p er io d a f :te r 'rehousing .....
Second 6 months
Before ; moving J
3% 5$ 1 Not s i g n i f i c a n t
4% 5$ ; Not s i g n i f i c a n t
2% 5$ ; Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Second 6 * Before ; months j moving j
Persons going
Children going
A dults going
30%
33%
21$ ! K a 5*43 P < 0-02t ................. ................ ............
16$ | 4*04 P < 0-05 I....24% j Not s i g n i f i c a n t
i -^ 3 .APPENDIX XVI
Table 12
Persons c a l l i n g ..doctor to house over s i x month period b e fo r erehousing and second s i x month period a f t e r rehousing
| Second 6 j Before j j months j moving j
I Persons c a l l i n g doctor i 17* j l A f j Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Children c a l l i n g doctor | 23* i 1956 !i « Not s i g n i f i c a n t
A dults c a l l i n g doctor 1 14* ! lose ;f ...........................................1
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 13Pregnancy
A fter 6 months|
A fter I | year j
..... .. ... ............................
!Housewives pregnant j _ L 5* Not s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX XVII
Table I
T ota l persons
E M IL IE S REHOUSED EROM OLDER PUBLIC AUTHORITYHOUSES SEEN ONE YEAR AETER REHOUSING (3 2 c a s e s )
129j—
ChildrenII A dults
i...
54
75
42$
58$
Table 2T enants’ op in ions o f Drumchapel
| Opinion j A fter I year j A fter 6 months
j Like
j Reserved
j D i s l ik e
Table 3
16$
5$
86$11$
3$
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Opinions of r en ts and r a te s
by ten a n tsconsidered e x c e s s iv e j A fter I year A fter 6 months
f 6 # 1 15*Not s ig n i f i c a n t
Table 4
" R ea ch a b ility ”of work A fter I; year
T r a v e ll in g to workA fter 6 j months i
’’Easy reach”(Up to 15 minutes)
’’E a ir ly easy reach” ( 15— 40 minutes)
’’D i f f i c u l t ”(Over 40 minutes)
21$
55$
24$
13$
58$
29$
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX XVII
Table 5Wage-earners
A fter I year A fter 6 months
T ota l wage-earners j 40 j 45
Wage-earners per house j I* 25 ! _ _ 1-29
Table 6Hire purchase
IA fter I ; year j
A fter 6 months
;
F a m il ie s with h ire purchase commitments
>
41$ 1 69$ X 8 5*28 P < 0*05■
Average weekly payments o f above f a m i l i e s
....... ..........T—
I 4 /3 di
I 7 / I d Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 7Checks and clu bs
j1..-.................. -.............................!
A fter I j year j
......y..
A fter 6 months J. . . ~ ~
F a m ilie s with checks j and c lu b s \
!13$ ( 9$
fi! Not s i g n i f i c a n t
i
Average weekly pay- | ments o f above (
{i
1 0 / - I 7 /6 d
+" ... ... ...................l1 Not s i g n i f i c a n t
| famil i e s
Table ,8Income
Average weekly income A fter I year j A fter 6 months
Per household £13 - 3 - Id £13 _ 4 _ io dPer head 657 ? 7 3 / -
APPENDIX XVII
Table 9Standard of management
Standard of management ; A fter I year j A fter 6 months
Good j8196 86$
F air i 16$ 11$
Poor or bad |3 9 6 j 3$
Not s ig n i f i c a n t
Table 10
F a m il ie s w ith-;
j A fter X | year
A fter 6 months
T e le v is io n | 7896 71$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Washing machines j 3 1 $ 2 3 $ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Immersion h ea ters S 3$....
3$' - • . . . . . . . . . ............
No change
.Telephones i 6 $—
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Cars ! 6$ 9$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
•**.4
Table II'H osp ita l adm issions over s i x month period b e fo re rehousing and second s i x month per i o d a f t er rehousing
H o sp ita l adm issions j Second 6 j Beforemonths J moving
! 3$■ i ............j 3$
i! 3#
396
Children
5$A dults
No change
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX XVII
Table 12 P ersons going to d o c to rs ' su r g e r ie s over s i x month period before rehousing and second s i x month period a f te r rehousing ..... ........
Persons going
Children going
A dults going
Second 6 months
23*
13*
31*
Beforemoving j
. . . . . . ,<t
12% !*14% !
................................. i
10* I
v *-X - 8-22 P < 0*01
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
14*47 P < 0*001
Table 13 Persons c a l l i n g doctor to house o v e r s i x month period before rehousing and second s i x month period a f t e r rehousing'
1 : months moving j
Persons c a l l in g doctor 12%.... ..... "T
9 % ; Not s i g n i f i c a n t
C hildren c a l l in g doctor 11% 22% j .........» Not s i g n i f i c a n t
A dults c a l l i n g doctor 13$ 3% | Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 14Pregnancy
A fter I year A fter 6 months
Housewives pregnant 3* 6*
Not s ig n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX X V III
T a b le I
PAMILIES IN WHICH THE GENERAL HOME BACKGROUND (AS DISTINCT PROM THE HOUSE ) WAS ASSESSED AS
,"POORTr OR "BAD " EBEPORE REHOUSING , rS E E O T I E A R APTER REHOUSING .............
Tenants' op in ion s of Drumchapel
Opinion j A fter I year | A fter 6 months..r
Like
Reserved ; 2$D is l ik e
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 2
1056
Opinions o f r e n ts and r a te s
- j A fter I year A fter 6 months
Rents & r a te s considered e x c e s s iv e | 7# No change
_ ........ 7$ ............
Table 3T ra v e ll in g to work
"R eachab ility"of work ! A fter Ij year
A fter 6 months
"Easy reach" [(Up to 15 minutes) J 19$_____
>" P a ir ly easy reach" ; 53$( 15— 40 minutes) ;
" D if f ic u l t " ! 28$ (Over 40 minutes) j
12$
49$
39$
Not
s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 4Wage-earners
* A fter I year A fter 6 months
• Average number of wage-earners j per house 1-24 1*21
j T ota l wage-earners 51 51
’ Housewives going out to work 22 Jt 21$! Not s ig n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX XVIII
Table 5Income
j Average weekly income j A fter I year| '...i Per household | £12 - 1 8 - I(
| Per head j 6 l / 6 ci
Table 6Hire purchase
A fter I year
P a m il ie s with h ire | purchase commitmentsfc"’r ‘ ’ * ’r'| Average weekly pay- j ments o f above \ f a m i l i e s
61$
I 6 /2 C
A fter 6 months
67$
l 6 / 5 (
Table 7Checks and. c lu b s
A fter I f A f t e r 6 year months
j P a m il ie s with checks 1 and c lu b s
Average weekly payments o f above f a m i l i e s
10/3
33%
9 /4
A fter 6 months
£11 - 16 - 5d
5 8 /I d
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX XVIII
Table 8Standard o f management
S Standard o f management ; A fter I • A fter 6 |i year j months j
Good ; 24$ | 26$ j
P a ir 52#
ni
■*3*1__.Lij 1 Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Poor or bad , 24# 1 31#ti
Table 9
P a m il ie s w ith - f1
....... !A fteryear
I !r
A fter 6 j months |
: IT e le v is io n [ 85#
j-f
• ' fc
67# | B orderlin e s ig n i f ic a n c e 3*02 P •<. 0-X
Washing machines j 22#i 19# ; Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Immersion h ea ters j 5#\1
2# ; Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Telephones 1 5#1i 11 Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Cars 1 5# 1! 5$ \ No changej
Table 10 H o sp ita l adm issions over s i x month period before rehousing and second s i x month period a f t e r rehousing
~~ " ’ '!................ I / ......................H o sp ita l adm issions j Second 6 Before ;
months......................
moving f■■■ -.... -..... -i-
Persons 4# 6$ j Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Children 1#" ......... ..... 5$ J Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Adults 5# ____ 1 6$ | Not s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX X V III
T a b le I IPersons going to doctors* su rg er i e s over s i x month
period before rehousing and second s i x month period a f t e r rehousing ....................................................... ......... .........
' r ■ - :
| Second 6 \ Before j ; months j moving ;
Persons going 20$ : 18$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t.
Children going 14* | 10$ i Not s i g n i f i c a n t
A dults going 26$ j 25$ ; Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Tabl e 12 'Persons c a l l i n g doctor to house over s i x month period
before rehousing and second s i x month period a f t e r rehousing '
Second. 6 months
j Before | | moving j
Persons c a l l in g doctor 16# L 1 3 * 1 Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Children c a l l in g doctor 19# ; 20$ i ! Not s i g n i f i c a n t
A dults c a l l i n g doctor 14# 6# j Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 13Pregnancy
j | A fter I year A fter 6 months jr 1! Housewives pregnant <
. . . . . . . . . !_ _ _8$ 5$
i""........ ...................J Not[ S ig n i f ic a n t
APPENDIX XIX FAMILIES CONTAINING OLD-AGE PENSIONERS V ISITED .O RE ..................... YEAR AFTER MOVING INTO NEW HOUSES (2 6 c a s e s )
Table I: T otal persons > .r ^
! Adults
75
\ Children
61
14
81$
Table 2T enants’ op in ions of Drumchapel
j Opinion A fter I year A fter 6 months
| Like_ | _ 81% __81%
j Reserved. J 15$ i
H ...: D i s l ik e
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 5
* Tenants con sid er in g ren ts I and r a te s e x ce ss iv e
A fter I year
None
A fter 6 months
None
Table 4Income
: Average weekly income per household
Average weekly income per head
F a m il ie s conta in ing no wage-earners ( I I ) £4 - 7 - I I d 7 4 /5d
F a m il ie s con ta in in g d dI or more wage- earn ers (15)
£17 _ 2 - 4 82 /10
Control group £13 - 12 - 5d 6 7 /6 d
APPENDIX XIX
T a b le 5Hire purchase"i - -
A fter I year
P a m il ie s with h ire purchase commitments 35$
Average weekly pay- ,ments o f above 13/11f a m i l i e s
A fter 6 \ months I
35$
I5/8d
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Checks and c lu b s . One household only - weekly payments £ 1 .
Table 6. Standard o f management
Standard o f management j A fter I j A fter 6I year ; months
Good __
P a ir
Poor or bad
Table 7
96$ 96$ -j Not
s i g n i f i c a n t
P a m il ie s w ith- A fter I year
A fter 6 j months j
71$ j Not s i g n i f i c a n tT e le v is io n 77$
Washing machines 50$ 42$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Telephones 12$ 8$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Cars 8$ 8# No change
.
APPENDIX XX PAMILIES CONTAINING I CHILD, 2 CHILDREN AND 3 OR ..................... MORE CHILDREN WHEN SEEN ONE TEAR APTER REHOUSING
Table I T enants’ op in ions of Drumchapel
’'O ne-ch ild”fa m il ie s
Opinion
JLike
Reserved
D is l ik e
A fter I year
81 $_
13$
A fter 6 months
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
A fter 6 months j
89$
”T w o-ch ild ,f f a m i l ie s
Opinion j A fter I year
Like ; ____ _
Reserved ‘ 7$\ *
D i s l ik e j 2$ j 3$™ - - ~
’’Three or more c h i ld ”f a m i l ie s
Opinion j A fter I year ; A fter 6 months■... i ' ■ ................-.....
88% I _ 8 J % ___
10% ; 3% _______
2% | 4%
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Like
Reserved
D is l ik e
Table 2
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Opinions of r e n ts and r a te s
P a m il ie s containing-1 Rent & r a te s considered ,’j e x c e s s iv e j| A fter I | A fter 6 !] year i months
I - c h i ld
2 -c h i ld r e n
3 or more ch ild ren
3$
3$
2$
2$
3$
iNot s i g n i f i c a n t
— rchange
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX XX
T a b le 3Wage-earners
,,O n e-ch ild " fa m ilie s A fter I year A fter 6 months
T o ta l number of wage-earners 137 : 149
Average number of wage- ; I -71 j 1*75earn ers per house •
f,Two- c h i ld ufa m i l ie s
T ota l number of wage-earners
Average number of wage- earn ers per house
j A fter I year j A fter 6 months
208
1-42
203
1-37_____ i
"Three or more c h i ld " fa m il ie s I A fter I
T o ta l number of wage-earners
Average number of wage- earners per house
I I I
1 . 19
1 A fter 6 months
112
I *17
Table 4Housewives going out to work
P a m il ie s c o n ta in in g - 'Housewives going to work {'After I year j A fter 6 months
j J - c h i l d
l 2 -c h i ld r e n
j 3 or more ch ild ren
35$ ! 37$ Not
32$ 1 27$ Not
12$ j 8$ Not
Table 5
; Tenants changing t h e ir j | work during second s i x | l c h i ld
months a f t e r rehousing |
P a m ilie s con ta in in g 2 c h ild re n i 3 or more c h i ld r e n
5$
APPENDIX XX
Table 6T r a v e llin g to work
"One-child’'fam il ie s
j "R eachab ility"o f work ! A fter I j A fte r 6 j j ; year j months j
| "Easy reach”| (Up to 15 minutes) 1 1756 11%
t
" P a ir ly easy reach" (I5 + -4 0 minutes)
>
! 6156 !_ 50%"IIJ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
" D if f ic u lt"(Over 40 minutes)
t
; 22% 33%1
I
”T w o-child”f a m i l ie s
"R eachab ility"of work A fter I year
I A fte r 6months
"Easy reach"(Up to 15 minutes) 21%
■
n%I
" P a ir ly easy reach" j (I5+ -4 0 minutes) j 53$ 55%_ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
" D if f ic u lt"(Over 40 minutes)-............................................. - ..................- ■ ■
20$ 28%
"Three or more c h i ld " fa m il ie s
1 " R each ab ility”of worki
A fter I year
A fter 6 months
"Easy reach"(Up to. 15 minutes) 17$ 19%
J " "
" P a ir ly easy reach" (I5+ -4 0 minutes) 62$ 55% Not s i g n i f i c a n t
" D if f i c u l t ' '(Over 40 minutes)
■
21% 2<o%
APPENDIX XX
Table 7Income
”O n e-ch ild ,f f a m i l ie s
; Average weekly income- j A fter I year j A fter 6 monthsi ......................... j...1 "......T
[ Per household ______ j £14 - 8 - 3 j £14 - I - 9
Per headr "....... "~r| 8 2 / l d 1_ _____ ,82/ - ____________
t,Tw o-child ,,f a m i l ie s
Average weekly income- | A fter I year j A fter 6 months
P>e r_..househald.Per head
.... -........4... £13 --.^15..-*.UQ1 6 6 /2 d
.j. . £ 1 3 7 - 4d ..... ...........j 6 4 /4d
"Three or more c h i ld ’’f a m i l ie s
! Average weekly income- ? A fter I year j A fter 6 monthsi
Per household£! £13 - 14 - 4d
i , j £13 _ 19 - 10
Per head : 4 9 /4 d 1 51/ -
Table 8 •Hire purchase
| Households with h irej purchase commitments
| A fter I ! year
I A fter 6 \ months -
j " I -c h i ld " fa m il ie s : 501o [ 58$ :I"”...................... Not s i g n i f i c a n t
1 " 2 -c h i ld " fa m il ie s 54* I 55$ : Not s i g n i f i c a n t
! ”3 or more c h i ld ’’fa m i l ie s 5 7 * .. 66$
A fter 6months
16/3*
Not s i g n i f ica n t
Average weekly payments | o f above fa m i l ie s
A fter I year
I " I -c h i ld " fa m il ie s I4 /6d Not s i g n i f i c a n t
" 2 -c h i ld " fa m il ie s I 8 / I d I8 /7 d Not s i g n i f i c a n t
”3 or more c h i ld ”fa m i l ie s I 7 / I d !6 /7 d j Not s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX XX
Table 9Checks and c lu b s
8 .
Households with checks and c lubs
; A fter I ; year>....................... i
A fter 6 months
!.........111
”I -c h i ld " f a m i l ie s ! 13% '■f ------ ■■ ■
9# i Not s i g n i f i c a n t
”2- c h i l d ”fa m i l ie s j 16% ; I656 No 1change
”3 or more c h i ld ”fa m i l ie s ; 19%i .........21 $ Noti .......
s i g n i f i c a n t
Average weekly payments of above fa m i l ie s
| A fter I year
A fter 6 months
f|
" I -c h i ld " fa m il ie s ! 8/ 6d 9 /5 d|i Not s i g n i f i c a n t
"2- c h i l d ”fa m i l ie s ; 9 / e d : I 0 / I d ; Not s i g n i f i c a n t
”3 or more c h i ld " fa m il ie s ; I I /IX d ; 1 2 / - : NOt s i g n i f ica n t
Table 10-------------- Standard o f management
"O ne-child” f a m i l ie s
| Standard of management A fter I year j A fter 6 months(j Good 80$ | 83$
j P a ir 19% 1 12$
| Poor or bad i 1—1 5$
*.......... ....—..— -------j Not s ig n i f i c a n t
”Tw o-child” f a m i l ie s
1 Standard of management A fter I year A fter 6 months
Good 79$ 80%
P air 18$ 17%
Poor or bad 3% 3%Not s ig n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX XX
T a b le 10 ( c o n td * )
"Three or more ch ild" fa m i l ie s
Standard of management A fter I year • A fter 6 months
Good 6 4 $ 68$
P a ir 20$ 15$
Poor or bad 16$ 17$
Not s ig n i f i c a n t
Table II
"One-child" fa m i l i e s
j P a m il ie s w ith-1 A fter I year
A fter 6 ; months
1 T e le v is io n— ............................................ ...........................
93# 87# Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Washing machines 35# 27# Not s i g n i f i c a n t
R e fr ig e r a to r s 5# — Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Immersion h ea ters 5# : 4# Not s i g n i f i c a n tI , u
Telephones I 4S6 7# _ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Cars 1036 9$ ! Not s i g n i f i c a n t
"Two-child " fa m ilie s
i P a m ilie s w ith- A fter X j year j
A fter 6 j months j
‘ T e le v is io n 93# ii
89# j Not s i g n i f i c a n t
j Washing machines 33# 29# ! Not s i g n i f i c a n t
I R e fr ig e r a to r sft
2# I 1......................... , .............- 1 . . , .
Not s i g n i f i c a n ti
j Immersion h ea ters 9# !J
2# j Not s i g n i f i c a n ttJ Telephones 9# ;
J
5$ i Not s i g n i f i c a n t1; Cars 10# j 10$ ; No change
APPENDIX aX
Table II (c o n td .)
"Three or more child" f a m i l i e s
^5
i P a m il ie s w ith- A fter I year
A fter 6 months
T e le v is io n r 9 0 1o i I 00
i-'J
i j j Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Washing machines 42* _ j 36*.. j Not s i g n i f i c a n t
R e fr ig e r a to r s i°/o [_ * Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Immersion h ea ters 4% I Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Telephones • Ho 2% i Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Cars I
o I
i—i oi—i No changeTable 12
H osp ita l adm issions over s i x month period before rehousing and second s i x month period a f t e r rehousing
"One-child" fa m i l ie s
H o sp ita l adm issions Second 6 months
j Before moving !
Persons ___ i 4% No change
Children J 6 $ I 2^ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
A dults....... .................................... 4 $ j w Not s i g n i f i c a n t
"Two-child” f a m i l ie s
H o sp ita l adm issions | Second 6 months
j Before j moving
Persons | 31 _____ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Children 2# I Not s i g n i f i c a n t
A dults j 5 * I 2% Not s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX XX
Table 12 (e o n td .)
"Three or more child" fa m i l ie s
H o sp ita l adm issions
Persons
C hildren
Adults
Second 6 months
4#
Beforemoving
31
j No change
| Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 13 Persons going to d o c to rs * su r g e r ie s over s i x month bef ore rehousing and second s i x month period a f t e r rehousing
"One-child" f a m i l i e s
^Second 6 j Before ! Jmonths f moving ;
Persons going 25#
Children going ; 18#
A dults going I 28#
20#
18#
X V s 4 .2 9 P < 0-05
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
J | V 7*09 P < 0*01
"Two-child” f a m i l ie s
j Second 6 j Before months J moving
Persons going \ 23# | ....
Children going ! 20#
19*p
17#
! B orderline s ig n i f ic a n c eX1 * 3 ’ 35 P < 0-1
iI Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Adults going 26# 20# j B orderline s ig n i f i c a n c e ' X1 -* 3*11 P o - l
APPENDIX XX
Table 13 (co n td .)
"Three or more ch ild" f a m i l ie s
j Second 6 ; Before 1j months ■ moving j\............ ................. - j ^: Persons going 20$ 14$ ! X * 7*67 P < 0*01
I C hildren going 17$ 10$ I X * * 7 #6I P < 0*01
A dults going 25$ : 20$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 14 Persons c a l l in g doctor to house ' before rehousing and second s i x
rehousing
over s i x month period month period a f t e r
ttO n e-ch ild ”f a m i l ie s Second 6 months
! Before *’ moving \
Persons c a l l in g doctor : 15$ i 11$ • Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Children c a l l in g doctor : 18$ • 23$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
A dults c a l l in g doctor 9% 6$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
”T w o-ch ild”fa m i l ie s • Second 6* months
j Before ! moving
Persons c a l l in g doctor 15* 13$ : Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Children c a l l in g doctor . 16% 18*w ________ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
A dults c a l l in g doctor I 5 i 7$ * s 10-94 P < 0 - 0 0 1
"Three or more ch ild" f a m i l i e s
‘ Second 6 ! months
1 Before 1 moving j .....
Persons c a l l in g doctor | 13* I 12$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Children c a l l in g doctor j 14$ 15$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
A dults c a l l i n g doctor j 12$ 8$ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
i n
APPENDIX XX
T a b le 15
Housewives pregnant
”I - c h i ld ”group
Pregnancy-
A fter I year
5$
A fter 6 months
”2-child"group
”3 or more ehild"group 2$
Not s ig n i f ic a n t
Not s ig n i f ic a n t
No change
APPENDIX XXI EMILIES IN WHICH ONE OR MORE MEMBERS SUEEERED EROM DISMiLITlES WHICH SECURED THEM PRIORITY*
IN HOUSING, VISITED AETER ONE YEAR (34 c a ses )
Table IT enants’ op in ion s of Drumchapel
\ Opinion A fter I year j A fter 6 months
; Like 71* j 88#
Reserved 29* 6# Not s i g n i f i c a n t
D is l ik e - j 6 fi __ ____ _ __________ ____ _
Table 2“ Opinions of r e n ts and r a te s
! j A fter I year j Af t e r 6 months
I Rents & r a te s considered e x c e s s iv e ! None ! None
Table 3
‘ r A fter I year ; A fter 6 months
! T o ta l number o f wage-earners 44 } 49, , _ , . ^• Average number o f wage-earners 1*29 < 1*44
per house \
Table 4T r a v e l l in g to work
i ’’R e a c h a b i l i ty ” of work.it
A fter I year
A fter 6 months
i’’Easy reach”
; (Up to 15 minutes) 25# 28*
”E a ir ly easy reach” (I5-J.-40 minutes)
i 54* 58* Not s i g n i f i c a n t
’’D i f f i c u l t ” j (Over 40 minutes) 21* 54*
APPENDIX XXI
Table 5
• | A fter I year ; A fter 6 months. — • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . _ . ..
r 1
1 Housewives going to work 12# 18#
! Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 6’ Income
j Average weekly income- A fter I year j A fter 6 months
Per household £12 - 16 - 6d £12 - 10 - 7d'
Per head * 7 9 /3 d ■ 7 6 / I d
Table 7Hire purchase
— ! A fter I year
j A fter 6 j , months
P a m il ie s with h ir e ! purchase commitments 44#
tI ;: 50# Not s i g n i f i c a n t
!
Average weekly pay- S ments o f above J f a m i l i e s j
157-
\
20/4d Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table 8Checks and c lu b s
[ A fter ; year
I | A fter 6 I months L . . . . . . .
P a m il ie s with checks and c lu bs
f
ii 6#
fIj 6# No change
Average weekly payments o f above f a m i l i e s
1
\ 7 /6 dj ._
;
I 5 / -I
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX XXI
Table 9Standard o f management
Standard o f management A fter I year A fter 6 months
Good
P a ir
Poor or bad
_____ 8 2 * ______
155*.
3*
_____ 8 5 * ______________
............. 9*
6*
■ Not s i g n i f i c a n t
’ Table 10
1 P a m il ie s w ith - A fter I year A fter 6 months j!
T e le v is io n . 82fo ____ ™ l ________1 Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Washing machines 38* 32* 11
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
R e fr ig e r a to r s j None j None ' No changei i t
! Immersion h e a ter s j \ f No change
Telephones j 6$ j 3# | Not s i g n i f i c a n t
j Cars | 3$ | 9# E Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Table II H osp ita l adm issions over s i x month per iod before r e - — housi ng' and second s i x month"period a f t e r Rehousing
I H o sp ita l adm issions Second 6 Before f! months moving !f
Persons 6 £ . Il l f> Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Children - - f No change
Adults 91°i
16$ j Not s i g n i f i c a n t
APPENDIX XXI 2-V7Table 12 P erso n s g o i ng to doctors* s u r g e r ie s over s i x month" ..............." b efore rehousing and s e cond s i x month period a f t e r
rehousing
Persons going
Children going
j Second 6 I months
33$.......
19$
Beforemoving
24$
19$
Not s i g n i f i c a n t
No change
A dults going 25$ ? B orderline s ig n i f i c a n c ei X *«5’42 P < 0»X _______
Table 13 Persons ca l l i ng doctor to house over s i x month period * be f ore rehous i n g aM~~se'corid"~ s ix_ month' perro~d"'a f t e r '
rehousing
1 | Second 6 j months
j Before ! i moving i
Persons c a l l i n g doctor j . . . I 6 * . . . . . . . j 1 4 # Not s i g n i f i c a n t
Children c a l l i n g doctor i 16 # ! 19# j Not s i g n i f i c a n t
| A dults c a l l i n g doctor1! 17# 1 I 2 # j Not s i g n i f i c a n t
I""1 - - • -■ .5| Housewives pregnant. One out o f 33.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This t h e s i s was prepared in the Department o f Public
H ealth and S o c ia l M edicine, U n iv e r s i ty o f Glasgow, and I am
g r e a t ly indebted to P ro fe sso r T. Perguson and Dr. A. P. Curran
fo r t h e i r gu idance.
I am a ls o indebted to Mr Ringland, C ity F actor , and
Mr T e lf e r o f the C ity F a c to r 's O ff ic e fo r t h e ir a s s is ta n c e
in a f fo rd in g me a c c e ss to records and the other f a c i l i t i e s
o f the department fo r the ca ses required for the f i e l d stu d y .
In p a r t ic u la r I wish to exp ress my thanks to Dr. R. A. Robb
fo r advice on the s t a t i s t i c a l m a ter ia l o f the study, and to
the f a m i l i e s them selves fo r t h e i r co o p era tion .