process mining control flow process discovery fabrizio maria maggi (based on process mining book –...
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![Page 1: Process Mining Control flow process discovery Fabrizio Maria Maggi (based on Process Mining book – Springer copyright 2011 and lecture material by Marlon](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649e615503460f94b5d15b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Process MiningControl flow process discovery
Fabrizio Maria Maggi
(based on Process Mining book – Springer copyright 2011 and lecture material by Marlon Dumas, Wil van der Aalst and Ana
Karla Alves de Medeiros http://www.processmining.org)
![Page 2: Process Mining Control flow process discovery Fabrizio Maria Maggi (based on Process Mining book – Springer copyright 2011 and lecture material by Marlon](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649e615503460f94b5d15b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Process Mining
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Control-Flow Mining
EventEventLogLog
Discovery Techniques: Discovery Techniques: Control-Flow MiningControl-Flow Mining
MinedMinedModelModel
1. Start
2. Get Ready
3. Travel by Train
4. Beta Event Starts
5. Visit Brewery
6. Have Dinner
7. Go Home
8. Travel by Train
1. Start
2. Get Ready
3. Travel by Train
4. Beta Event Starts
5. Give a Talk
6. Visit Brewery
7. Have Dinner
8. Go Home
9. Travel by Train
1. Start
2. Get Ready
3. Travel by Car
4. Beta Event Starts
5. Give a Talk
6. Visit Brewery
7. Have Dinner
8. Go Home
9. Pay Parking
10. Travel by Car
1. Start
2. Get Ready
3. Travel by Car
4. Conference Starts
5. Join Reception
6. Have Dinner
7. Go Home
8. Pay Parking
9. Travel by Car
10. End
Start
Get Ready
Travel by CarTravel by Train
BETA PhD Day Starts
Visit Brewery
Have Dinner
Go Home
Travel by Train Pay for Parking
Travel by Car
End
Give a Talk
StartStart
Get ReadyGet Ready
Travel byTravel by TrainTrain
Travel byTravel by CarCar
Conference StartsConference Starts
Give a TalkGive a Talk
Join ReceptionJoin Reception
Have DinnerHave Dinner
Go HomeGo Home
Travel byTravel by TrainTrain
Travel byTravel by CarCar
Pay Pay ParkingParking
EndEnd
![Page 4: Process Mining Control flow process discovery Fabrizio Maria Maggi (based on Process Mining book – Springer copyright 2011 and lecture material by Marlon](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649e615503460f94b5d15b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Mining Common Constructs
• Sequence• Splits• Joins• Loops• Non-Free Choice• Invisible Tasks• Duplicate Tasks
Pay Pay ParkingParking
Get Ready
Travel by CarTravel by Train
Defence Starts
Ask Question
Defence Ends
Go Home
Travel by Train Pay for Parking
Travel by Car
Give a Talk
Have Drinks
Get Get ReadyReady
Travel byTravel by TrainTrain
Travel byTravel by CarCar
Defense StartsDefense Starts
Give a TalkGive a Talk
Ask QuestionAsk Question
Defense EndsDefense Ends
Go HomeGo Home
Travel byTravel by TrainTrain
Travel byTravel by CarCar
Have DrinksHave Drinks
![Page 5: Process Mining Control flow process discovery Fabrizio Maria Maggi (based on Process Mining book – Springer copyright 2011 and lecture material by Marlon](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649e615503460f94b5d15b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Mining Common Constructs
• Sequence• Splits• Joins• Loops• Non-Free Choice• Invisible Tasks• Duplicate Tasks
Pay Pay ParkingParking
Get Ready
Travel by CarTravel by Train
Defence Starts
Ask Question
Defence Ends
Go Home
Travel by Train Pay for Parking
Travel by Car
Give a Talk
Have Drinks
Get Get ReadyReady
Travel byTravel by TrainTrain
Travel byTravel by CarCar
Defense StartsDefense Starts
Give a TalkGive a Talk
Ask QuestionAsk Question
Defense EndsDefense Ends
Go HomeGo Home
Travel byTravel by TrainTrain
Travel byTravel by CarCar
Have DrinksHave Drinks
+ noise in logs!
![Page 6: Process Mining Control flow process discovery Fabrizio Maria Maggi (based on Process Mining book – Springer copyright 2011 and lecture material by Marlon](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649e615503460f94b5d15b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
α-algorithm Basic Idea: Ordering relations• Direct succession:
x>y iff for some case x is directly followed by y.
• Causality: xy iff x>y and not y>x.
• Parallel: x||y iff x>y and y>x
• Unrelated: x#y iff not x>y and not y>x.
case 1 : task A case 1 : task A case 2 : task A case 2 : task A case 3 : task A case 3 : task A case 3 : task B case 3 : task B case 1 : task B case 1 : task B case 1 : task C case 1 : task C case 2 : task C case 2 : task C case 4 : task A case 4 : task A case 2 : task B case 2 : task B ......
A>BA>BA>CA>CB>CB>CB>DB>DC>BC>BC>DC>DE>FE>F
AABBAACCBBDDCCDDEEFF
B||CB||CC||BC||B
ABCDABCD
ACBDACBD
EFEF
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Basic Idea: Example
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Basic Idea: Example
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Basic Idea: Footprints
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Basic Idea: Patterns
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α-algorithm
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α-algorithm: Applicative Example
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α-algorithm: Applicative Example
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α-algorithm: Applicative Example
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α-algorithm: Applicative Example
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α-algorithm: Applicative Example
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α-algorithm: Applicative Example
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α-algorithm: Applicative Example
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α-algorithm: Applicative Example
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α-algorithm: Applicative Example
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α-algorithm: Applicative Example
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α-algorithm: Exercise
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Limitations: short loops of length 1
b>b and not b>b implies bb (impossible!)
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Limitations: short loops of length 1
Example “Short1”Example “Short1”
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Limitations: short loops of length 2
a>b and b>a implies a||b and b||a instead of ab and ba
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Limitations: short loops of length 2
Example “Short2”Example “Short2”
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Limitations: non-free-choice nets
Example “nonlocal”Example “nonlocal”
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Limitations: invisible tasks
Example “invisible”Example “invisible”
![Page 29: Process Mining Control flow process discovery Fabrizio Maria Maggi (based on Process Mining book – Springer copyright 2011 and lecture material by Marlon](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649e615503460f94b5d15b/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Mining Common Constructs
• Sequence• Splits• Joins• Loops• Non-Free Choice• Invisible Tasks• Duplicate Tasks
Pay Pay ParkingParking
Get Ready
Travel by CarTravel by Train
Defence Starts
Ask Question
Defence Ends
Go Home
Travel by Train Pay for Parking
Travel by Car
Give a Talk
Have Drinks
Get Get ReadyReady
Travel byTravel by TrainTrain
Travel byTravel by CarCar
Defense StartsDefense Starts
Give a TalkGive a Talk
Ask QuestionAsk Question
Defense EndsDefense Ends
Go HomeGo Home
Travel byTravel by TrainTrain
Travel byTravel by CarCar
Have DrinksHave Drinks
![Page 30: Process Mining Control flow process discovery Fabrizio Maria Maggi (based on Process Mining book – Springer copyright 2011 and lecture material by Marlon](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649e615503460f94b5d15b/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Mining Common Constructs
• Sequence• Splits• Joins• Loops• Non-Free Choice• Invisible Tasks• Duplicate Tasks
Pay Pay ParkingParking
Get Ready
Travel by CarTravel by Train
Defence Starts
Ask Question
Defence Ends
Go Home
Travel by Train Pay for Parking
Travel by Car
Give a Talk
Have Drinks
Get Get ReadyReady
Travel byTravel by TrainTrain
Travel byTravel by CarCar
Defense StartsDefense Starts
Give a TalkGive a Talk
Ask QuestionAsk Question
Defense EndsDefense Ends
Go HomeGo Home
Travel byTravel by TrainTrain
Travel byTravel by CarCar
Have DrinksHave Drinks
+ noise in logs!
![Page 31: Process Mining Control flow process discovery Fabrizio Maria Maggi (based on Process Mining book – Springer copyright 2011 and lecture material by Marlon](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649e615503460f94b5d15b/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Heuristic Miner
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Heuristic Miner
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Heuristic Miner
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Heuristic Miner
Example “heuristic”Example “heuristic”
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Heuristic Miner
Example “heuristic”Example “heuristic”
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Mining Common Constructs
• Sequence• Splits• Joins• Loops• Non-Free Choice• Invisible Tasks• Duplicate Tasks
Pay Pay ParkingParking
Get Ready
Travel by CarTravel by Train
Defence Starts
Ask Question
Defence Ends
Go Home
Travel by Train Pay for Parking
Travel by Car
Give a Talk
Have Drinks
Get Get ReadyReady
Travel byTravel by TrainTrain
Travel byTravel by CarCar
Defense StartsDefense Starts
Give a TalkGive a Talk
Ask QuestionAsk Question
Defense EndsDefense Ends
Go HomeGo Home
Travel byTravel by TrainTrain
Travel byTravel by CarCar
Have DrinksHave Drinks
![Page 37: Process Mining Control flow process discovery Fabrizio Maria Maggi (based on Process Mining book – Springer copyright 2011 and lecture material by Marlon](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649e615503460f94b5d15b/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Mining Common Constructs
• Sequence• Splits• Joins• Loops• Non-Free Choice• Invisible Tasks• Duplicate Tasks
Pay Pay ParkingParking
Get Ready
Travel by CarTravel by Train
Defence Starts
Ask Question
Defence Ends
Go Home
Travel by Train Pay for Parking
Travel by Car
Give a Talk
Have Drinks
Get Get ReadyReady
Travel byTravel by TrainTrain
Travel byTravel by CarCar
Defense StartsDefense Starts
Give a TalkGive a Talk
Ask QuestionAsk Question
Defense EndsDefense Ends
Go HomeGo Home
Travel byTravel by TrainTrain
Travel byTravel by CarCar
Have DrinksHave Drinks
+ noise in logs!
![Page 38: Process Mining Control flow process discovery Fabrizio Maria Maggi (based on Process Mining book – Springer copyright 2011 and lecture material by Marlon](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649e615503460f94b5d15b/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Genetic Miner
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GPM – Fitness MeasureStart
Get Ready
Travel by CarTravel by Train
BETA PhD Day Starts
Visit Brewery
Have Dinner
Go Home
Travel by Train Pay for Parking
Travel by Car
End
Give a Talk
StartStart
Get ReadyGet Ready
Travel byTravel by TrainTrain
Travel byTravel by CarCar
Conference StartsConference Starts
Give a TalkGive a Talk
Visit BreweryVisit Brewery
Have DinnerHave Dinner
Go HomeGo Home
Travel byTravel by TrainTrain
Travel byTravel by CarCar
Pay Pay ParkingParking
EndEnd
• Guides the search!
![Page 40: Process Mining Control flow process discovery Fabrizio Maria Maggi (based on Process Mining book – Springer copyright 2011 and lecture material by Marlon](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649e615503460f94b5d15b/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
GPM – Fitness Measure
Start
Get Ready
Travel by CarTravel by Train
BETA PhD Day Starts
Visit Brewery
Have Dinner
Go Home
Travel by Train Pay for Parking
Travel by Car
End
Give a Talk
Start
Get Ready
Travel by TrainBETA PhD Day Starts
Visit Brewery
Have Dinner
Go Home
Pay for Parking
Travel by Car
End
Give a Talk
StartStart
Get ReadyGet Ready
Travel byTravel by CarCar
Conference StartsConference Starts
Give a TalkGive a Talk
Visit BreweryVisit Brewery
Have DinnerHave Dinner
Go HomeGo Home
Pay Pay ParkingParking
EndEnd
Travel byTravel by TrainTrain
Punish for the amount of enabled tasks during the parsing!
Overgeneral solution
![Page 41: Process Mining Control flow process discovery Fabrizio Maria Maggi (based on Process Mining book – Springer copyright 2011 and lecture material by Marlon](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649e615503460f94b5d15b/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
GPM – Fitness Measure
Start
Get Ready
Travel by CarTravel by Train
BETA PhD Day Starts
Visit Brewery
Have Dinner
Go Home
Travel by Train Pay for Parking
Travel by Car
End
Give a Talk
Start
Get Ready
Travel by TrainBETA PhD Day Starts
Visit Brewery
Have Dinner
Go Home
Pay for Parking
Travel by Car
End
Give a Talk
Start
Get Ready
Travel by CarTravel by Train
BETA PhD Day Starts
Visit Brewery
Have Dinner
Go Home
Travel by Train Pay for Parking
Travel by Car
End
Give a Talk
StartStart Start
Get ReadyGet Ready Get Ready
Travel by Train Travel by Car
BETA PhD Day StartsBETA PhD Day Starts BETA PhD Day Starts
Give a Talk
Visit BreweryVisit Brewery Visit Brewery
Have DinnerHave Dinner Have Dinner
Go HomeGo HomeGo Home
Travel by Train Pay for Parking
Travel by Car
EndEnd End
StartStart
Get ReadyGet Ready
Travel by CarTravel by Car
Conference StartsConference Starts
Give a TalkGive a Talk
Visit BreweryVisit Brewery
Have DinnerHave Dinner
Go HomeGo Home
Travel by TrainTravel by Train
Travel by CarTravel by Car
Pay ParkingPay Parking
EndEnd
Travel by TrainTravel by Train
Punish for the amount of duplicate tasks with common input/output tasks!
Overspecific solution
![Page 42: Process Mining Control flow process discovery Fabrizio Maria Maggi (based on Process Mining book – Springer copyright 2011 and lecture material by Marlon](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649e615503460f94b5d15b/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Genetic Miner: Crossover
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Genetic Miner: Mutation
![Page 44: Process Mining Control flow process discovery Fabrizio Maria Maggi (based on Process Mining book – Springer copyright 2011 and lecture material by Marlon](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649e615503460f94b5d15b/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Mining Common Constructs
• Sequence• Splits• Joins• Loops• Non-Free Choice• Invisible Tasks• Duplicate Tasks
Pay Pay ParkingParking
Get Ready
Travel by CarTravel by Train
Defence Starts
Ask Question
Defence Ends
Go Home
Travel by Train Pay for Parking
Travel by Car
Give a Talk
Have Drinks
Get Get ReadyReady
Travel byTravel by TrainTrain
Travel byTravel by CarCar
Defense StartsDefense Starts
Give a TalkGive a Talk
Ask QuestionAsk Question
Defense EndsDefense Ends
Go HomeGo Home
Travel byTravel by TrainTrain
Travel byTravel by CarCar
Have DrinksHave Drinks
![Page 45: Process Mining Control flow process discovery Fabrizio Maria Maggi (based on Process Mining book – Springer copyright 2011 and lecture material by Marlon](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649e615503460f94b5d15b/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Mining Common Constructs
• Sequence• Splits• Joins• Loops• Non-Free Choice• Invisible Tasks• Duplicate Tasks
Pay Pay ParkingParking
Get Ready
Travel by CarTravel by Train
Defence Starts
Ask Question
Defence Ends
Go Home
Travel by Train Pay for Parking
Travel by Car
Give a Talk
Have Drinks
Get Get ReadyReady
Travel byTravel by TrainTrain
Travel byTravel by CarCar
Defense StartsDefense Starts
Give a TalkGive a Talk
Ask QuestionAsk Question
Defense EndsDefense Ends
Go HomeGo Home
Travel byTravel by TrainTrain
Travel byTravel by CarCar
Have DrinksHave Drinks
+ noise in logs!
![Page 46: Process Mining Control flow process discovery Fabrizio Maria Maggi (based on Process Mining book – Springer copyright 2011 and lecture material by Marlon](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649e615503460f94b5d15b/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Fuzzy Miner - Motivation
Mine less structured processes!
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Fuzzy Miner - Motivation
![Page 48: Process Mining Control flow process discovery Fabrizio Maria Maggi (based on Process Mining book – Springer copyright 2011 and lecture material by Marlon](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649e615503460f94b5d15b/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Fuzzy Miner
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Fuzzy Miner
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BPI Challenge and … to sum up