process strategy: bootstrapping - forsiden strategy: bootstrapping ole hanseth. infrastructure...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Process Strategy: Bootstrapping - Forsiden Strategy: Bootstrapping Ole Hanseth. Infrastructure evolution •Evolution –Adoption –Scaling –Innovation: of, in, on ... •complexity](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5af04ef97f8b9ac57a8e69e2/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Process Strategy: Bootstrapping
Ole Hanseth
![Page 2: Process Strategy: Bootstrapping - Forsiden Strategy: Bootstrapping Ole Hanseth. Infrastructure evolution •Evolution –Adoption –Scaling –Innovation: of, in, on ... •complexity](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5af04ef97f8b9ac57a8e69e2/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Infrastructure evolution
• Evolution
– Adoption
– Scaling
– Innovation: of, in, on
– Harmonization/restructuring/consolidation
– Crumbling/fragmentation
• Aims => process strategy
• Appliance or generative II?
![Page 3: Process Strategy: Bootstrapping - Forsiden Strategy: Bootstrapping Ole Hanseth. Infrastructure evolution •Evolution –Adoption –Scaling –Innovation: of, in, on ... •complexity](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5af04ef97f8b9ac57a8e69e2/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
A self-reinforcing installed base
).
![Page 4: Process Strategy: Bootstrapping - Forsiden Strategy: Bootstrapping Ole Hanseth. Infrastructure evolution •Evolution –Adoption –Scaling –Innovation: of, in, on ... •complexity](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5af04ef97f8b9ac57a8e69e2/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Granovetter/Schelling model
• Ex: Dying seminar, crossing a street
• Our preferences depends on others actions
• Preferences vary
• Processes depends on distribution of preferences
• Small changes may have large effects
![Page 5: Process Strategy: Bootstrapping - Forsiden Strategy: Bootstrapping Ole Hanseth. Infrastructure evolution •Evolution –Adoption –Scaling –Innovation: of, in, on ... •complexity](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5af04ef97f8b9ac57a8e69e2/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Challenges
• Doesn’t take off: No value for few users –everybody waits for the others.
• If it does – it becomes autonomous:
– Lock-in
– Develops in undesired directions
– Increases the problems one tried to solve (reflexive/self-destructive)
![Page 6: Process Strategy: Bootstrapping - Forsiden Strategy: Bootstrapping Ole Hanseth. Infrastructure evolution •Evolution –Adoption –Scaling –Innovation: of, in, on ... •complexity](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5af04ef97f8b9ac57a8e69e2/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Design strategies
1. Specification driven/«Big Bang»
2. Prototype/pilot
3. Living Lab/Installed base cultivation
• 2 fail, one succeds
![Page 7: Process Strategy: Bootstrapping - Forsiden Strategy: Bootstrapping Ole Hanseth. Infrastructure evolution •Evolution –Adoption –Scaling –Innovation: of, in, on ... •complexity](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5af04ef97f8b9ac57a8e69e2/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Strategies (some ideas)
• Flexibility
– Minimalism, modularisation (loose coupling)• (=gateways)
– Generativity (end-2-end + programmbility)
• Use the installed base as resource
– Bootstrapping • Build upon existing installed bases
• Build an installed base (users before functions)
– Avoid lock-ins: Gateways
![Page 8: Process Strategy: Bootstrapping - Forsiden Strategy: Bootstrapping Ole Hanseth. Infrastructure evolution •Evolution –Adoption –Scaling –Innovation: of, in, on ... •complexity](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5af04ef97f8b9ac57a8e69e2/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Growing networks
• “Manipulating” preferences• Through design ..
• Arranging users
• Bootstrapping
![Page 9: Process Strategy: Bootstrapping - Forsiden Strategy: Bootstrapping Ole Hanseth. Infrastructure evolution •Evolution –Adoption –Scaling –Innovation: of, in, on ... •complexity](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5af04ef97f8b9ac57a8e69e2/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
’Bootstrapping’
• Enclocypedia: ’She bootstrapped herself to the top’ – to manage on one’s own
• Lifting yourselves by your hair
• Booting a computer
• Implementing a programming language
• Language learning
• Making a tool/network by means of the tool/network
• ”Deliver a better today, rather than promise a better tomorrow”.
• Late adopters adopt because the others have already
• First adopters must adopt for another reason
![Page 10: Process Strategy: Bootstrapping - Forsiden Strategy: Bootstrapping Ole Hanseth. Infrastructure evolution •Evolution –Adoption –Scaling –Innovation: of, in, on ... •complexity](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5af04ef97f8b9ac57a8e69e2/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Identifying and arranging preferences• Multi-dimensional
• Personal, individual
• Use areas and situations
• Technological aspects
• Coordination/governance structures
• Arranging preferences and dimensions (dynamically)
![Page 11: Process Strategy: Bootstrapping - Forsiden Strategy: Bootstrapping Ole Hanseth. Infrastructure evolution •Evolution –Adoption –Scaling –Innovation: of, in, on ... •complexity](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5af04ef97f8b9ac57a8e69e2/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Bootstrapping Network Technologies
• Select motivated and knowledgeable users
• Simple, non-critical, non-complicated use areas where no large organisational changes are required.
• Select simple, relatively cheap and well supported technical solutions.
• Users first, then functionality/technology
![Page 12: Process Strategy: Bootstrapping - Forsiden Strategy: Bootstrapping Ole Hanseth. Infrastructure evolution •Evolution –Adoption –Scaling –Innovation: of, in, on ... •complexity](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5af04ef97f8b9ac57a8e69e2/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Individual/personal preferences
• Motivation, attitudes towards technology
• Knowledge about technology
![Page 13: Process Strategy: Bootstrapping - Forsiden Strategy: Bootstrapping Ole Hanseth. Infrastructure evolution •Evolution –Adoption –Scaling –Innovation: of, in, on ... •complexity](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5af04ef97f8b9ac57a8e69e2/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Aspects of use areas and situations
• Resources
• Benefits of communication within a small network
• Critical/non-critical activities
• Complexity of tasks and work practices
• Organizational changes needed
![Page 14: Process Strategy: Bootstrapping - Forsiden Strategy: Bootstrapping Ole Hanseth. Infrastructure evolution •Evolution –Adoption –Scaling –Innovation: of, in, on ... •complexity](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5af04ef97f8b9ac57a8e69e2/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Aspects of technology
• “Distance” between users and designers/vendors
• complexity
• costs
• flexibility
• “allied with the future”
![Page 15: Process Strategy: Bootstrapping - Forsiden Strategy: Bootstrapping Ole Hanseth. Infrastructure evolution •Evolution –Adoption –Scaling –Innovation: of, in, on ... •complexity](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5af04ef97f8b9ac57a8e69e2/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Coordination and governance
• Structures and institutions have to be established (bootstrapped)
• “Standardization bodies”
– Technology (protocols)
– Work practices/procedures (protocols)
• (The Internet is an example to learn from in this respect as well)
![Page 16: Process Strategy: Bootstrapping - Forsiden Strategy: Bootstrapping Ole Hanseth. Infrastructure evolution •Evolution –Adoption –Scaling –Innovation: of, in, on ... •complexity](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5af04ef97f8b9ac57a8e69e2/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Design strategy
• Start with
– simple, cheap, flexible solution
– small network of users that may benefit significantly from improved com. with each other only
– simple practices
– non-critical practices
– motivated users
– knowledgeable users
![Page 17: Process Strategy: Bootstrapping - Forsiden Strategy: Bootstrapping Ole Hanseth. Infrastructure evolution •Evolution –Adoption –Scaling –Innovation: of, in, on ... •complexity](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5af04ef97f8b9ac57a8e69e2/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Bootstrapping design principles
1. Design initially for usefulness
2. Draw upon existing installed base
3. Expand installed base by persuasive tactics
![Page 18: Process Strategy: Bootstrapping - Forsiden Strategy: Bootstrapping Ole Hanseth. Infrastructure evolution •Evolution –Adoption –Scaling –Innovation: of, in, on ... •complexity](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5af04ef97f8b9ac57a8e69e2/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Boostrapping algorithm
1. Repeat as long as possible: enrol more users
2. Find and implement more innovative use, go to 1
3. Use solution in more critical cases, go to 1
4. Use solution in more complex cases, go to 1
5. Improve the solution so new tasks can be supported
![Page 19: Process Strategy: Bootstrapping - Forsiden Strategy: Bootstrapping Ole Hanseth. Infrastructure evolution •Evolution –Adoption –Scaling –Innovation: of, in, on ... •complexity](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5af04ef97f8b9ac57a8e69e2/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
MyHealthRecord
Communikasjon between patients and health care insititutions
![Page 20: Process Strategy: Bootstrapping - Forsiden Strategy: Bootstrapping Ole Hanseth. Infrastructure evolution •Evolution –Adoption –Scaling –Innovation: of, in, on ... •complexity](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5af04ef97f8b9ac57a8e69e2/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
2002-2004 2005-2009 2009-2012
Phase I
Conceptual design
• 2002: Design of MyRec as
component in the Clinical
Portal.
• Clinical portal prioritise
existing fragmentation of IS
in the hospital, MyRec not
further included .
•2003: first Initial sketches
as independent solution with
focus on providing trusted
information and access to
document from hospital
systems.
• 2004: first mockups with
various suggested
functionalities
• 2004: idea to design of
secure messaging service to
address the illegal use of
email in patient-hospital
communication
Phase II
Initial experiences
• 2005: Creation of unit for
”research and patient
services” (MyRec), new unit
manager, new member hired
•2005: first functional
version implemented
•2005: secure messaging
designed and implemented
• Design of Request-change
of appoitments services and
diversification in
open/closed services
• Benefits
• Some functionalities
dismissed
• 2008: change of security
solution to a more user
friendly one
Phase III
Consolidation
• MyRec is contacted by
departments and patient
organizations
•development of a number of
modules addressing specific
problems of hospital-patient
communication and focus on
solving concrete specific
problems.
• development of a number of
general modules.
• development of modules
according to a generic logic for re-
use.
• wider implementation of generic
functionalites
• participation in EU project
• Other hospitals take MyRec into
use
![Page 21: Process Strategy: Bootstrapping - Forsiden Strategy: Bootstrapping Ole Hanseth. Infrastructure evolution •Evolution –Adoption –Scaling –Innovation: of, in, on ... •complexity](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5af04ef97f8b9ac57a8e69e2/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
MyHealthRecord – 1st design
![Page 22: Process Strategy: Bootstrapping - Forsiden Strategy: Bootstrapping Ole Hanseth. Infrastructure evolution •Evolution –Adoption –Scaling –Innovation: of, in, on ... •complexity](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5af04ef97f8b9ac57a8e69e2/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
2nd version
• Stand-alone infrastructure
– iKnowBase platform
– A few basic services
• Secure logon
• Secure email
– A few specialized services
![Page 23: Process Strategy: Bootstrapping - Forsiden Strategy: Bootstrapping Ole Hanseth. Infrastructure evolution •Evolution –Adoption –Scaling –Innovation: of, in, on ... •complexity](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5af04ef97f8b9ac57a8e69e2/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
3rd version
• Emergning
• Tools and services for diabetes patients
• ”plaform for disease management”
![Page 24: Process Strategy: Bootstrapping - Forsiden Strategy: Bootstrapping Ole Hanseth. Infrastructure evolution •Evolution –Adoption –Scaling –Innovation: of, in, on ... •complexity](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5af04ef97f8b9ac57a8e69e2/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Evolution
• Innovations
– Of: 3 versions
– In: BankID as security system
– On: specialized services, generification, a new layer emerging
• Architecture: 3 versions, ”experimental architecting”
• Process strategy: experimental development, early use (bootstrapping)
• Governance regime: small, independent team (”under the radar”)
![Page 25: Process Strategy: Bootstrapping - Forsiden Strategy: Bootstrapping Ole Hanseth. Infrastructure evolution •Evolution –Adoption –Scaling –Innovation: of, in, on ... •complexity](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5af04ef97f8b9ac57a8e69e2/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Mobile payment systems
• Google Wallet, Apple Pay, ValYou, ..
• NFC technology
• Intergations: handsets, id/security, banks, shops, credit card companies, ..
• User adoption, …
• New bank/finance institutions??
• Regulatory issues?