production technology of rapeseed and mustard
DESCRIPTION
Production technology of RAPESEED AND MUSTARD . commonly known as sarson family: cruciferae. Different types: Rape Seed : Toria : B.campestris Gobi sarson : B.napus mustard : raya : B.juncea - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF RAPESEED AND MUSTARD
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commonly known as sarsonfamily: cruciferae
Different types:• Rape Seed:• Toria: B.campestris• Gobi sarson: B.napus• mustard: • raya: B.juncea• taramira: eruca sativa
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ORIGIN & History• the place of region is not definitely known• It’s cultivation has been traced to 2000 B.C in India,China and
Japan. • Brassica seeds were used for oil extraction first time in India.• China and India are the world’s largest producer.
Lance Gibson and Garren Benson, Iowa State University, Department of Agronomy Revised January 2002.
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INTRODUCTION
• Annual rabi plant• Self pollinated crop • Plant height 50-200cm • “0 0” varities • 90% grown as barani crop
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INTRODUCTION
World production 600 million metric tonnsWorld area 118 million hectare Total Pakistan area 3 lac hectare Total production 233000 tonnes
Contribution of different provinces to total area
1. Punjab 50%2. KPK 17%3. Sindh 30%4. Balochistan 3%
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Uses
• As vegetable• Seeds for oil extraction• As fodder and forage
Oil use for cooking,making pickles,for making soaps and paints.
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Production Technology
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Soil and climate
• Mostly grown in temperate regions.• Grown in variety of soils from sandy to clayey
soils.• pH 5.5—7.5• Tem. 30 c°
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Seed bed preparation
• Fine and compact bed needed
• Land is loosened 20 to 25 cm deep through plowing or disking 2–3 times
• Planking
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Sowing time
these are planted in two seasons
1. Winter rabi Oct-nov to april-may
2. Zaid kharif crop Early sept-end of december
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Seed rate and verities
4—6 kg/ha (for broadcast sowing)• Punjab • poorbi raya,zafar
2000,peela raya,raya anmol• Sindh
• Early raya,s-9• KPK• Tower,altex
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Sowing method
Broadcast Fine seedbed preparation
Line sowingR×R= 30-40cm P×P = 10-15cm
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Fertilizer
Punjab 40:40 NP kg/haSindh 112:56 NP kg/haKPK 75:50 NP kg/ha
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Irrigation
• Sarson 3-4 irrigations• Toria 2-3 irrigations• Taramira 1-2 irrigations • First irrigation applied after one month of
sowing.• Then irrigate at the interval of 20-25 days.
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WeedsReduced yield 29—43%
Perennial WeedsField bindweed
Quak grass`Canada thistle
Annual Weeds Wild musterd
Volunteer cerealsPrickly lettuce
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Plant protection measures
Seed dressing vitavax Benlate-m 45
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Harvest & storage
• Stem and pods color changes to yellow• Seeds become dark • Seeds rattle when pods are shaken. • 75% pods turn yellow• Crop matures in 180-200days• Usually havested with sickle
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Yield • Punjab 900-1000kg/ha• Sindh 600-650kg/ha• Kpk 500-600kg/ha
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