prof ed module 13
TRANSCRIPT
-Is basically a theory based on observation and scientific study about
how people learn.
Representation
Spiral Curriculum
Discovery Learning
Categorization
Representation
Enactive Representation
Iconic Representation
Symbolic Representation
Children learn about the world through
actions on physical objects and the
outcomes of these actions (i.e. riding,
bicycle and tying a knot, tasting the apple,
building blocks)
Learning can be
obtained through using
models and pictures.
The learner has developed the ability
to think in abstract terms. This uses
symbol system to encode knowledge.
The most common symbol systems
are language and mathematical
notation.
Teachers must revisit the curriculum by
teaching the same content in different
ways depending on students’
developmental levels.
Principles of instruction stated by
Bruner:1. Instruction must be concerned with the experiences and
contexts that make the student willing and able to learn (
readiness)
2. Instruction must be structured so that it can be easily
grasped by the students ( spiral organization)
3. Instruction should be designed to facilitate extrapolation and
or fill in the gaps ( going beyond the information given)
Obtaining knowledge for oneself
The teacher plans and arranges activities
in such a way that students search,
manipulate, explore and investigate.
Four major aspects in Bruner’s Theory
1. Predisposition to learn
- “readiness for learning”
2. Structure of Knowledge
-This refers to the ways in which a body of knowledge can be structured so that it can be most readily grasped by the learner
3. Effective sequencing
- No one sequencing will fit every learner, but in general, the lesson can be presented in increasing difficulty.
4. Reinforcement
- Rewards and punishments should be selected and paced appropriately.
4 things that specify about objects1. Criterial attributes- required characteristics for inclusion of
an object in a category.
2. Prescribes how the criterial attributes are combined.
3. Assigns weight to various properties.
4. Sets acceptance limits on attributes.
Several kinds of categories
1. Identity categories
-categories include objects based on their attributes or features.
2. Equivalent categories
-Equivalence can be determined by affective criteria, which render objects equivalent by emotional reactions, functional criteria, based on related functions.
3. Coding Systems
- are categories that serve to recognize sensory input.
ACTIVITY
Group Members:
Amistad, John Ray
Dumepnas, Juliet Mae
Labutan, Cleford
Tomeg, FlorenceJMBD :D