professional ethics & ht, ps, mm case studies

Competence in Professional Ethics & Holistic

Technologies, Production Systems and

Management Models - Typical Case Studies

2 Slide 2 of 49

RECAP

• It is important to understand that the only effective way to ensure

professional ethics is through correct appraisal and systematic

development of ethical competence in the professional (the human

being).

• As the right understanding successively comes into our living through

self-exploration and practice, it manifests in terms of the following

competencies in the individual.

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Human Values = Participation, Role of a Human Being in Existence

In the Self

Happiness, Peace, Satisfaction, Bliss ----------------------------------------------- 4

Participation In Human-Human Relationship – Justice

Established values (sthapit mulya)/Expressed values (shisht mulya)

Trust/ Complimentariness, Respect/Compliance , Affection/ Commitment, Care/Generosity , Guidance/ Spontaneity, Reverence/ Obedience, Glory/Ease , Gratitude/Self-restraint , Love/Unanimity ------------------------ 18

Participation In Human-Rest of Nature Relationship

Utility, Artistic value ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 2

Participation In Universal Human Order

Perseverence (Dheerta), Bravery (Veerta), Generosity (Udarta), Kindness (Daya), Beneficience (Kripa), Compassion (Karuna) --------------- 6

30

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Established , eternal values (sthapit mulya)

Expressed, behavioral values (sisht mulya)

Trust (vishwas) Complimentariness (sojanyata)

Respect (sammaan) Compliance (arahaysata)

Affection (sneh) Commitment (nishtha)

Care (mamta) Generosity (udarta)

Guidance (vatsalya) Spontaneity (sahajta)

Reverence (shraddha) Obidience (pujyata)

Glory (gaurav) Ease (saralta)

Gratitude (kratagyata) Self-restraint (somyata)

Love (prem) Unanimity (ananyata), kindness n;k ,

beneficience f—ik & compassion d#.kk

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Harmony in the Society

Human Target

Human Order

Five Dimensions

1. Education – Sanskar

2. Health – Sanyam

3. Production – Work

4. Justice – Suraksha

5. Exchange – Storage

1 2 3 4

Right Understanding

& Right Feelings

In Every Individual

Prosperity

In Every Family

Fearlessness

(Trust)

In Society

Co-Existence

In Nature/

Existence

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Harmony in the Society

Human Target

Human Order

Five Dimensions






Right Understanding

& Right Feelings

In Every Individual

Prosperity

In Every Family

Fearlessness

(Trust)

In Society

Co-Existence

In Nature/

Existence

4

4

1

1

2

2

2 3

3

3

4

1 2 3 4

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Harmony in Society – Universal Human Order

Human Target

Five Dimensions of Human Order






Ten Steps – From Family Order to World Family Order

Family – Family cluster – Village – Village cluster ... Nation ... World Family

~101 ~102 ~1010

Right Understanding

& Right Feelings

In Every Individual

Prosperity

In Every Family

Fearlessness

(Trust)

In Society

Co-Existence

In Nature/

Existence

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Profession

• 'Profession' is a significant domain of human activity targeted towards

participating in the larger order which includes the Society and nature

around.

• One important domain happens to be in the form of production and

production related activities. It also makes available the necessary

physical facilities (livelihood) for oneself and one's family.

• Through professional Education (like Engineering), one acquires the

specific skills and knowledge in order to make this contribution in the

larger order.

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Profession – in the Light of Comprehensive Human Goal

• Any Profession is a channel for participation by human beings in the

larger order to achieve comprehensive Human Goal.

• In this process, one is able to contribute towards the livelihood of

one's family and participate in the larger order (society and Nature).

• All these activities do require a certain degree of skill and are

expected to be performed in consonance with the comprehensive

Human Goal.

• The Profession is not only a means of earning one's livelihood but a

means of one's evolution by participation in larger order.

• Thus, Profession is a 'Service'.

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Competence in Professional Ethics

• 1. Clarity about the comprehensive human goal:

Samadhana-Samriddhi-Abhaya-Sah-astitva and its fulfilment

through universal human order from family to world family.

• 2. Confidence in oneself as well as confidence in the Harmony, co-

existence and self-regulation prevailing in entire existence based on

the Right Understanding of oneself and the rest of existence.

• 3. Competence of mutually fulfilling behaviour, clarity and

confidence in ethical human conduct and its correlation with

sustainable personal as well as collective Happiness and Prosperity.

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Competence in Professional Ethics

• 4. Competence of mutually enriching interation with Nature, ability

to assess the needs for physical facilities for the family and their

fulfilment through production systems ensuring harmony in the nature.

• 5. Competence of actualizing one's understanding in real life.

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Unethical Practices in the Profession at Present

• Corruption in multiple forms at various levels

• Tax evasion, misappropriation and misuse of public funds

• Misleading propaganda, unethical advertisements and sales

promotion

• Cut-throat competition

• Exploiting the weakness of consumers through various enticements

• Adulteration and spurious production

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• Endangering the health and safety of public at large.

• Hoarding and over-charging etc.

• Any other issues students want to share?

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• Why is all this happening?

• Who is contributing to the aggravation of this situation?

• What is its impact on our Happiness and Prosperity?

• Discussion….on these problems/issues through real life examples.

• What is the root cause of these Problems. Find out?

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Contradictions and Dilemmas

• In today's society, the present ethos guiding all our activities is

primarily profit-maximization; wealth maximization, comfort

maximization and all the systems and efforts are influenced by it.

• Examples….

• Monsoon failure….Profit-maximization by business man selling at

higher prices instead of lower prices.

• Pan Masala, Smoking….Glamorized advertisements showing one

side……..other side printing Warning: Injurious to Health.

• Medical Profession….Profit maximization during epidemic breakout

instead of doing service to people.

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• For each Profession the motivations of profit maximization eventually

lead to unethical practices.

• With all these unethical process a continuous contradiction persists in

the mind of such people as these unethical practices are not naturally

acceptable to anyone.

• They create tension and anxiety at the personal level and one is

tempted to adopt dual personality in terms of trying to appear to be

ethical and in reality act indifferently.

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Resolution

• The resolution of all these contradictions and dilemmas can only come

through Right Understanding.

• The crux of all this Discussion is that….sincere effort towards building

up the ethical competence of human beings in general and

professionals in particular through proper Value Education is the only

effective way to safeguard Professional Ethics.

20 Slide 20 of 49

RECAP

• In this course, so far, we have tried to understand the methodology to

develop Ethical Competence among Human Beings and to evolve

systems which will help promotion of Ethical Competence in Society.

• One significant aspect of the competence in Professional Ethics is the

ability to visualize and develop appropriate (holistic) technologies,

production systems and management models.

• Let us now look at these models.

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The Holistic Criteria for Evaluation

• Three broad criteria to guide the development of such technologies

and systems:

• (a) Catering to appropriate needs and lifestyles

• (b) People-friendly

• (c) Eco-friendly

• In addition, these have to promote local self-sufficiency and optimal

utilization of local resources and expertise.

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Holistic Technologies and Systems – Typical Case Studies

• Renewable and Decentralized Energy Technologies:-

• (a) Bio Mass based Energy Conversion Systems such as:

• Systems for generation and utilization of Biogas obtainable from all

kinds of moist biomass such as animal and human excreta, kitchen

waste, moist agro-waste, sweage effluents etc.

• This bio-conversion also results in production of valuable bio-manure

in the form of slurry. A study of slurry handling systems is also required

• Systems for generation and utilization of Producer gas obtainable from

partial combustion of all kinds of dry biomass such as wood, charcoal,

rice-husk, sawdust, dry agro-waste etc.

• Systems for decentralized production of Biodiesel obtainable from

esterification of various vegetable oils.

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• (a) Bio Mass based Energy Conversion Systems such as:

• Decentralizdd systems for production of ethanol as a liquid fuel for

engines obtainable from agro-waste.

• Technologies for Briquetting to obtain a compact/smokeless solid fuel

from all kinds of loose biomass.

• Technologies for smokeless and energy efficient cook stoves.

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• (b) Gadgets and Implements to facilitate efficient utilization of Human

muscle power and Animal draught power such as:

• Human operated agriculture tools and domestic appliances

• Animal (bullock) operated irrigation pumps, tractors and other

agricultural equipments

• Improvised designs of animal driven carts

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• (c) Devices for efficient utilization of Solar energy such as:

• Solar Water Heaters, Solar cookers, Solar driers etc.

• Solar Photo-voltaic Systems

• Decentralized Solar power generation and refrigeration systems.

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• (d) Decentralized Wind power devices for water pumping, electricity

generation etc.

• (e) Microhydel electro-mechanical power generation systems utilizing

the hydro-energy of waterfalls, check-dams and flowing water in

streams and rivers in a decentralized manner.

• Systems for Water conservation and water shed management for

efficient utilization of rain water and for eco-restoration.

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• Technologies and architecture promoting green building

materials and energy conservation such as:-

• Construction with compressed/stabilized mud-blocks and terracotta

tiles

• Bamboo architecture

• Lawry-Baker low-cost brick work construction etc.

• Solar artchitecture with energy conservation and passive

heating/cooling of buildings.

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• Organic/natural farming techniques including technologies for

vermi-composting, production of bio-manures and bio-pesticides

• Eco-sanitation techniques for small scale decentralized sewage

disposal and waste water recycling.

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• Low cost and energy efficient technologies for small scale

production systems such as:-

• Systems for food processing.

• Systems for production of herbal, forest-based and animal-based

products

• Systems for facilitating mutiple crafts and artisanal work

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• Humanistic organizational/management models:

• The work on the discussed technologies and systems is being carried

out in:

• Several Technical Institutions, agricultural universities, government

agencies and

• a large number of NGO's, and socio-spiritual organizations as well as

by some motivated individuals.

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• Humanistic organizational/management models:

• Case Studies of Management Models:

• Gramin Bank

• Lizzat Cooperative

• Auroville

• Ralegaon sidhi

• Brahma Kumaris

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Summary

• The real method to promote Professional Ethics is to develop

adequate Ethical Competence among Human Beings (Professionals).

• The prevailing contradiction and dilemmas can only be resolved with

the Right Understanding.

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Summary

• The Right Understanding provides a Holistic Vision for Technologies,

Production systems and management models.

• There are a number of inspiring experiments going on in this direction

which can provide us good learning and confidence in the alternative.

professional ethics & ht, ps, mm case studies

Self Improvement