professor sir ian diamond
TRANSCRIPT
Europe at the Heart of Internationalisation
The increasing internationalisation of
European Higher Education –
a global dimension for the EU
Professor Sir Ian Diamond
26/06/13
Europe in a global dimension – staying competitive
UK universities teach 133,000 students and employ over 33,700 staff
from the rest of the EU.
FP7 will grow GDP by nearly 1% and create 900,000 additional jobs.
Ultimately whether universities get resource from government or from
students this comes from growth.
Greatest challenge is global competitiveness research, education and
innovation. Europe 2020 target of investing 3% of GDP in R&D could
create 3.7 million jobs and increase annual GDP by close to €800 billion
by 2025.
Other countries are investing massively eg China, USA, India, Brazil
A New Agenda?1490s: University of Aberdeen
‘the priceless pearl of knowledge which opens the mind to the clearer understanding of the secrets of the Universe, and raises those of humble origin to the highest rank.’
‘rude, ignorant of letters, almost barbarians’
Source: Aberdeen Supplication to the Vatican, MacFarlane, William Elphinstone and the Kingdom of Scotland
University of Aberdeen
• EU Students: Total (FTEs)- 2,495.8
– Total PGR - 134.7
– Total PGT - 166.0
– Total UG - 2,195.2
• Largest sending countries
– Bulgaria, Denmark, Estonia, Germany, France, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Ireland, (England)
Benefits of student mobility
• For the student: cultural, academic, linguistic; job prospects
• For the institution: promoting international networks of students, staff and alumni; recruitment
• For society: contributing to future prosperity through fostering an internationally employable workforce
Increasing emphasis on value of international mobility internationally
European context:
• EU Erasmus for All Programme 2014-2020
• Bologna Process mobility target
International best practice:
• Australia: Australian Education International
• USA: Institute of International Education
• Germany: DAAD
• Brazil: Students without Borders
UK situation: a host country but not a sending country
• For every 15 international students in the UK, there is only one UK student studying for a degree abroad
– British Academy Language Matters
– UoA Sustained Study
• ‘Think Global’ study – 74% of top employers concerned that students not equipped to succeed in a globalised and multicultural economy
• Erasmus numbers growing but still low
Not just Student Mobility
• Staff
• Researchers
• Note potential reciprocity
• Opportunities for strategic partnerships eg to overcome student challenges
Roles of a Twenty-First Century University II
• produce research which is truly addressing exciting new problems and undertaking this research to the highest methodological and ethical standards
Global context: competition
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
EU 27
United States
China
United KingdomGermany
France
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
EU 27
United States
China
United Kingdom
Germany
France
Brazil
India
• EU cannot be complacent– Other countries are
investing massively
• European Universities have track-record in producing high return despite declining investment
• EU can compete on research quality– EU share of the very
highest cited research is still increasing
– But pinnacles are hard to maintain without concentrated resource ...
Global Context: EU share
Based on data from Elsevier, report for BIS, “International Comparative
Performance of the UK Research Base” 2011. EU estimated from 22 major
EU countries with data available
-5.00%
-4.00%
-3.00%
-2.00%
-1.00%
0.00%
1.00%
2.00%
3.00%
4.00%
Change in EU share of world 2006-10
Internationally co-authored articles are more highly cited
International research collaboration is high and growing world wide
Collaboration
• UK researchers are globally connected
Collaboration
The best researchers are globally connected
Many collaborations have a higher impact than national average even where partner nation impact lower than world average
Elsevier, report for BIS, “International Comparative Performance of the UK Research Base” 2011
Messages on Research
• Knowledge knows no nation state boundaries
• Collaboration not competition
• Collaboration not just where big kit
• Examples both multi country and institution –ESS, CERN; and simply experts partnering
• But need money - Horizon 2020
Why should Europe invest in Horizon 2020?
€1 of EU FP6&7 funding lead to an increase in industry added value of €13 on
average.
Achieving the
Europe 2020
target of
investing 3%
of GDP in
R&D could
create 3.7
million jobs
and increase
annual GDP
by close to
€800 billion
by 2025.
The EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation
Excellent Science
€26.6 billion
Industrial Leadership
€17.9 billion
Societal Challenges
€31.7 billion
European Institute for Innovation and TechnologyEURATOM / (ITER)
Joint Research Centre
€ 80 billion over 2014-2020 – but note negotiations (70.2bn)
Horizon 2020: Excellent Science
European Research CouncilFrontier research by the best individual teams
Future and Emerging TechnologiesCollaborative research to open new fields ofInnovation
Marie Curie actionsOpportunities for training and career development
Research infrastructures (including e-infrastructure)Ensuring access to world-class facilities
•Excellence is the only criteria – international peer review
•Success rate only 14%
•Open to top researchers from anywhere in the world to move to ERA
Includes mobility funding for PhDs and career development
€ 13.3 billion
€ 3.1 billion
€ 5.6 billion
€ 2.5 billion
Horizon 2020: Societal Challenges and Industrial Leadership
Societal Challenges
Health
Food
Climate and resource
Transport
Energy
Inclusive societies
Secure societies
Industrial Leadership
Access to risk financeLeveraging private finance
Innovation in SMEs
Leadership in enabling andindustrial technologies
(ICT, nanotech, materials,biotech, manufacturing, space)
EIT
(€1.4 bn+ € 1.4 bnfrom societal challenges and LEIT
SMEs expected 15% of societal challenges + LEIT €6.8 bn
€8 bn
€4.1 bn
€3.2 bn
€6.8 bn
€5.8 bn
€3.8 bn(Split to be decided)
€3.5 bn
€619 million
€13.8 bn
€2.8 bn
Specific international and widening participation actions?
Changes from Framework Programme 7 (some to be confirmed)
Simplification:
H2020 proposes:• Major simplification• “Seamless” integration of research and innovation• Greater support for close-to-market activities• More possibilities for new entrants (notably SMEs) to obtain funding
The Funding Jungle:
Funding rates for universities: (Council political agreement)
•100% of direct costs plus flat 25% of this for indirect costs•Should cover all university work including close to market•No real full cost option -•Limited salary bonuses• Non-recoverable VAT?
The funding jungle:• EU technical and administrative support for coordinating national research funders in single actions (ERA NET) • EU contributions combined with national funding (ERA NET plus, article 185)• Both coordinating and EU financial contributions to bringing together public and industrial funding and research (Joint Technology Initiatives (JTIs) and Public Private Partnerships (PPPs))
Work programmes: how open to bottom-up initiatives will they be?
Roles of a Twenty-First Century University III
• where appropriate, ensure that the research has an impact both on the people who paid for this research and further beyond
Investing in research and innovation - smart growth
Creating new businesses
Supplying and attracting Highly
skilled labour
Attracting globally mobile
Investment
Improving Policy and addressing
global challenges
Improving public services
New products and processes for
industry
Roles of a Twenty-First Century University
• educate the highly skilled workforce of the future; • produce research which is truly addressing exciting new
problems and undertaking this research to the highest methodological and ethical standards;
• where appropriate, ensure that the research has an impact both on the people who paid for this research and further beyond;
• seek to drive its local socio-economy and act as the cultural DNA of its local region.
• European engagement central to all these