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Program [DRAFT – November 5, 2013]

(Ulrike Wissen Hayek and Pia Fricker, ETHZ)

15th International Conference on Information Technologies in Landscape Architecture

DLA 2014

“Landscape Architecture and Planning: Developing Digital Methods in GeoDesign”

Wednesday,

21.05.2014 Thursday, 22.05.2014

Friday,23.05.2014

Saturday,24.5.2014

8:00 Registration Registration Registration

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9:00 Welcome Keynote Marc Pollefeys

Keynote Adrienne Grêt-

Regamey + Christophe Girot

9:30 Opening Keynote

Carl Steinitz

9:45 Poster Session

Work-Shops

Short Presen-tations

10:00 Excursion “Parks in

Neu-Oerlikon”

10:30 Coffee Break Coffee Break Coffee Break 11:30 Session 1 Session 4 + 5 Session 8

13:00 Lunch Break Lunch Break Lunch Break 14:00 Keynote

Antje Stokman + Hans-Georg

Schwarz-v. Raumer

Keynote Jürgen Döllner

Keynote Clément Willemin

14:45 – 17:30

Work-shops

Session 2 Coffee Break

Session 3

Work-shops

Sessions 6 + 7 Coffee Break

Sessions 6 (cont.)

Session 11 Coffee Break

Closing Keynote Erich Buhmann Closing of the

conference 19:00 Reception 20:00 Conference Dinner

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1. Wednesday, May 21st 2014 ............................................................................................... 3 

Opening Keynote: GeoDesign: Tools, Techniques, Methods and Case Studies ............ 3 

Session 1: GeoDesign Case Studies ............................................................................. 4 

Keynote: The Case of Urban Landscape Design ........................................................... 6 

Session 2: GeoDesign Methods and Tools .................................................................... 7 

Session 3: Advancing GeoDesign Concepts and Systems ............................................ 9 

Workshops Day 1 ......................................................................................................... 10 

  ESRI’s City Engine .............................................................................................. 10 

  Autodesk ............................................................................................................. 10 

2. Thursday, May 22nd 2014 ................................................................................................ 11 

Keynote: Making it 3D with Limited Resources ............................................................ 11 

Poster Session ............................................................................................................. 12 

Session 4: From Point Clouds to Geo-Based Design ................................................... 13 

Session 5: Rule-based approaches for GeoDesign ..................................................... 15 

Session 6: Mobile Devices for GeoDesign ................................................................... 16 

Keynote: Service-Oriented Geovisualization for GeoDesign ........................................ 18 

Session 7: Landscape Information Modeling (LIM) and Standardization...................... 19 

Workshops Day 2 ......................................................................................................... 21 

  Point Clouds at ILA ............................................................................................. 21 

  Rhino ................................................................................................................... 21 

3. Friday, May 23rd 2014 ...................................................................................................... 22 

Keynote: Collaborative Platforms and Digital Methods for Landscape Architecture and Planning ....................................................................................................................... 22 

Short Presentations: Three Minutes of Fame ............................................................... 23 

Workshops Day 3 ......................................................................................................... 24 

  Biosphere 3D ...................................................................................................... 24 

Session 8: Assessing the Tools’ Fitness for Purpose ................................................... 25 

Keynote: Build A Super Environment ........................................................................... 27 

Session 10: Teaching with GeoDesign tools and approaches in Landscape Planning and Design ................................................................................................................... 28 

Closing Keynote: Future Collaborative Activities to Meet the Challenges of GeoDesign . ............................................................................................................................ 29 

Closing of the Conference ............................................................................................ 29 

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1. Wednesday, May 21st 2014

Opening Keynote: GeoDesign: Tools, Techniques, Methods and Case Studies

Carl Steinitz (9:30 – 10:30 h)

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Session 1: GeoDesign Case Studies

GeoDesign is about using geographic knowledge to actively and thoughtfully design in a collaborative way for solving significant social and environmental problems and creating our common future environment. The process of carrying out a GeoDesign study is unique. Therefore, rather case studies than technical rules can provide powerful guidance on how GeoDesign frameworks can be implemented (Steinitz 2012: p. 83). The series of case studies presents diverging approaches for fulfilling different planning tasks such as designing a regional spatial adaptation strategy or landscape plan, planning of renewable energy implementation, managing shale gas exploitation on the local, regional, and global level, and how to carry out collaborative design studios on the local level. What can we learn from these cases? Do they enable designers to take into account comprehensive geospatial information and representations of the landscape for fulfilling their planning and design tasks more adequately?

STEINITZ, C. (2012): A Framework for Geodesign - Changing Geography by Design. esri, Redlands, California, USA.

Session Chair: Prof. Dr. Andrew Lovett School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, UK

Potential presentations (11:30 – 13:00 h (90 min); max. 6 presentations)

Using geodesign to develop a spatial adaptation strategy for south east Friesland – Ron Janssen, Tessa Eikelboom (ID 50)

The Province and Waterboard of Friesland have decided to develop a long term adaptation strategy for the south east of the province. In a workshop setting following the steps of the geodesign framework defined by Steinitz (2012) the participants were asked to design spatial plans for the region supported by a geodesign tool. This tool allowed the participants to change land use and water management while providing immediate feedback on policy objectives.

Integrated approaches in digital / interactive landscape planning – Bartlett Warren-Kretzschmar, Carolin Galler, Sebatian Krätzig, Christina von Haaren (ID 45)

Today, digital visualization and participation techniques are applied in environmental and landscape planning in many capacities. Apps for mobile devices provide new opportunities to access and involve public users. In this context practical planning must respond to trends in society which enable new forms of citizen protest and fuel the claim for public participation in decision-making (e.g. `Stuttgart 21´). These new approaches find expression in e-government strategies (such as German e-government strategy).

Digital participatory landscape planning for renewable energy – Interactive visual landscape assessment as basis for the geodesign of wind parks in Germany – Michael Roth & Dietwald Gruehn (ID 36)

Innovative methods of visual impact analysis based on GIS tools and methods, as well as state-of-the-art digital landscape data and web-based participatory approaches were used to determine the most suitable locations for wind turbines and provide an empirical basis for the region-specific geodesign of multiple wind parks. The approach helps to de-emotionalize the planning and design discussions about wind turbine localization and wind park design.

Local lessons for a global landscape challenge: Design and planning responses to unconventional shale gas development – Timothy Murtha & Brian Orland (ID 35)

The pace, scale and distribution of unconventional natural gas extraction in North America demands a concerted landscape ecological planning response. The research and community engagement presented offer new perspectives about ways to manage this resource boom locally and regionally as it quickly expands globally. The project emphasizes interdisciplinary perspectives within a geodesign framework, combining traditional techniques for studying landscapes in anthropology and landscape architecture.

Advancing a Studio’s Knowledge through Virtual Multidisciplinary, Interdisciplinary, and Transdisciplinary Collaborations - David Goldberg, Barry Kew (ID 59)

The Collaborative Design Studio assembled landscape architecture, architecture, and engineering students to collaborate knowledge on a real building project through an Integrated Delivery Process. To gain knowledge from expert urban park planners and building engineers the studio utilized virtual collaboration tools to hold design critiques

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and to host 3-screen immersive design reviews. The most important lesson from these studios is that many things are possible through thoughtful applications of existing technology.

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Keynote: The Case of Urban Landscape Design

Antje Stokman und Hans-Georg Schwarz-v. Raumer (Keynote) (14:00 – 14:45)

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Session 2: GeoDesign Methods and Tools

GeoDesign studies have to define a set of models in order to be able to answer the question (Steinitz 2012: 26): “How should the study area be changed?” These are models for: representing the area, understanding the underlying functioning of the geographical context, evaluating current and past conditions, creating and expressing alternative designs, assessing the consequences of proposed changes, and supporting decision making (Steinitz 2012: 45). Different models and their operationalization are presented that support involving citizen values in spatial planning, provide metrics for assessing the benefits and costs of potential changes, or methods that allow for a combination of different models in a mixed approach. How could these methods and tools fit into collaborative planning processes in practice?

STEINITZ, C. (2012): A Framework for Geodesign - Changing Geography by Design. esri, Redlands, California, USA.

Session Chair: Bartlett Warren-Kretzschmar??

Potential presentations (14:45 – 16:00 (75 min), max. 5 presentations):

The Gap Analysis Tool for Outdoor Recreation: A Case Study in Metro Vancouver, Canada – Brent Chamberlain, Nalon Smith, Mark Vulliamy, Erik Lees (ID 43)

In order to better understand citizen demands and available infrastructure of outdoor recreation opportunities a Gap Analysis Tool for Outdoor Recreation (GATOR) was developed. The case study demonstrates the power of GeoDesign and the importance of on-the-fly analyses to inform decision-makers and engage stakeholders.

Integrating Remote Sensing and GIS for Ecological Carry Capacity evaluation: The case of regional planning in Melbourne, Australia – Siqing Chen (ID 15)

The approaches of ecological carrying capacity and ecological footprint are combined to provide knowledge to inform the planning and management of future urban growth in Melbourne, Australia. Implementing the tool can increase interest in establishing improved urban planning regimes to maintain idealized structure as well as the ecological function of cities and urban regions.

Improving Collaboration and Participation in the Landscape Planning Process by using Landscape Metrics – Matthias Pietsch (ID 28)

Results of scientific modelling are required to inform decision makers about the current and possible future quality of the landscape’s patterns and processes. Thereby, transparency of the communication of results is crucial for their acceptance. Landscape metrics offer tools for evaluating different scenarios, objectives or measures.

Tools for collaboratively developing urban quality – Ulrike Wissen Hayek, Noemi Neuenschwander, Timo von Wirth, Antje Kunze, Jan Halatsch, Gerhard Schmitt, Adrienne Grêt-Regamey (ID 23)

A set of tools is presented that can facilitate the collaborative development of urban landscapes. On the example of a regional urban development study for the Swiss Limmattal region the concept for implementing the tool set for analysis cross scale and across disciplines is demonstrated.

Linking Growth Management to Urban Conservation: GeoDesign as a Tool for Identifying Regeneration Sites - Galen Newman, Boah Kim (ID 49)

This study compares the rates of demolition by neglect of three urban historic colonial towns in Bucks County, Pennsylvania (Doylestown, Quakertown, and Bristol) to determine whether the preservation of peripheral agricultural lands has aided in decreasing neglect. Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) as the primary tool to analyze the spatial conditions, three scales of measurement are employed: a micro scale evaluating impacts of measures on the variables, a macro scale evaluating impacts of variables on neglect, and a cross case analysis evaluating neglect rates to preserved farmland quantities. A Hot Spot Analysis was conducted for each variable and attributed were parameterized and weighed in accordance with their causal impact on neglect for overlay analysis. This overlay was used to identify areas within each city which were in need of regeneration.

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A digital approach to understanding the complex Italian landscape: from viewshed to visual intrusion assessment – Leonardo Maria Giannini & Federica Cerroni (ID 26)

The case studies presented involve new infrastructure projects in areas which are extremely complex due to the morphological characteristics and the delicate nature of the environmental, historical and architectural elements in Central Italy. This study provides the framework for a more objective evaluation of landscape and a more accurate assessment of the extent of the visual impact, in terms of shape and colour that will result from the construction of a new infrastructure using GIS and image analysis.

The Generation Method of Waterscape in Mountainous Region Based on the Digital Platform – Yangyang Yuan & Yuning Cheng (ID 8)

The created landscapes have to meet the requirements of local conditions (be conform to the law of nature). The article discusses the GIS-based design of a mountain waterscape through seven stages: data acquisition, graphics-processing, geomorphic analysis, calculation of flow accumulation, simulation of surface runoff, distribution of the amount of water, localized circulation technology.

The Application of Wetland Scope Control and the Site Selection of Architecture in Landscape Environment in the Urban Design Based on ArcGIS – Ye Chen & Bin Zhang (ID 27)

A study is presented realizing a wetland formation using ArcGIS. The GIS-based analysis supports site selection of the architecture in the landscape environment according to relative principles, arguments for design decisions, and the ecological construction method. ArcGIS is seen as useful tool to provide basic information for urban design.

Historical GIS Approach for Mapping The Open Space Transformation in Nanjing (1900s-2000s) - Zhen Xu, Lingyun Han (ID 58)

It is important to establish a Historical GIS which integrates the spatial and temporal data such as the maps, old photos, social value, historical events and collective memory. The Historical-GIS framework for open space will have potential in social and historical and ecological study, as well as in planning evaluations, which will offer valuable knowledge for more sustainable landscape management.

Landscape Scenography – Magdalena Osinska (ID 38)

Landscape scenography is a way of translating the complex topology information to the audience. The process of creating landscape scenography for different audiences is presented. Furthermore, a student workshop on the topic of landscape scenography is demonstrated.

A second nature: recreating the landscape with digitals technologies – Goncalo Castro Henriques (ID 44)

The development of digital tools and processes promises new possibilities to create novel solutions in architecture and in the territory. This paper reflects about the shift from digital tools to digital processes, using 3 projects. These projects use digital tools and processes to recreate a second nature that is a hybrid reality, between nature and technology. It would also explore the difference between reshaping natural environments (GeoDesign) and creating a second nature.

Spatial clustering study of ancient villages in Shanxi Province based on GIS and SPSS – Deng Wei & He Yi (ID 22) Natural, economic, geographic, cultural, and other factors that have an effect on the spatial distribution of ancient villages are clustered in order to identify key factors for the development. Through overlay and buffer analysis the degree of influence in certain areas is identified. A cluster system shows the influence level relevant for setting up a protection system for ancient villages and towns.

Visual Effects of Vertical Gardens in Landscape Designs: A Case Study of Düzce University Campus – Engin Eroğlu, Sinem Özdede & Aybike Demirel (ID 6)

Using photos as basis to visualize and communicate design proposals for a planning design strategy for a university campus such as vertical gardens, roof gardens and rain gardens.

The Visual Assessment of the Spatial Design Features of Plant Compositions in Open and Green Areas of the Düzce City – Sinem Özdede & Engin Eroğlu (ID 4)

Plant composition design principles based on visual silhouette analysis of open and green areas in urban areas (photo analysis).

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Session 3: Advancing GeoDesign Concepts and Systems

Existing frameworks for GeoDesign are a basis for facilitating the dialogue in the growing community of practitioners, students, teachers, and researchers on how to organize collaborative design processes that lead to socially accepted and ecologically sustainable transformations of our environment. Furthermore, comprehensive systems are required for such GeoDesign studies (Ervin 2012: 158-167). The ideas of the frameworks and systems are steadily refined by the community in order to provide guidance for carrying out GeoDesign case studies. In the contributions, the needs for multiscale dynamic simulations cross topics and disciplines, for connecting concepts of abstraction and multimodality, and for creating interfaces enhancing the integration of stakeholder knowledge, preferences and values are demonstrated. How does an updated framework for GeoDesign look like?

Ervin, E. (2012): A System for GeoDesign. In: Buhmann/Ervin/Pietsch (Eds.): Peer-reviewed Proceedings Digital Landscape Architecture 2012, Anhalt University of Applied Sciences. Wichmann Verlag, Offenbach, 158-167.

Session Chair: Prof. Dr. Jörg Rekittke Department of Architecture, National University of Singapore, Singapore

Potential presentations (16:30 – 17:30h (60 min); max. 4 presentations):

BioComplexity, Systems Thinking, and Multi-Scale Dynamic Simulation: Foundations of Geodesign – Stephen Ervin (ID 2)

Multiscale dynamic simulations across a spectrum of scientific, social and perceptual issues will be key to effective design in the future. These simulations supporting the process of evaluating impacts of proposed designs need to cover a wide range of topics and technologies, from hydrological and traffic flow to human perception and social network analysis.

Beyond Visualization-Based Geodesign: Linking Concepts of Abstraction and Multimodality for Future Landscape Scenarios – Mark Lindquist (ID 41)

All perception is multisensory, and as such, a purely visual approach requires expansion. Therefore, connecting concepts of abstraction and multimodality (i.e. sound and vision) is proposed to inform a GeoDesign process that considers a wider degree of people (designers, users, participants) and a wider degree of inputs (design, site) in the design and planning of landscape.

Emplaced Mapping and Narratives within the Participatory Planning Process – Christopher Seeger & Julia Badenhope (ID 39)

Place mapping, visual quality assessment, and landscape perception methods are utilized in two participatory planning programs. Geospatial approaches are compared and it is illustrated how to use crowdsourcing techniques during the data collection phases and participatory content analysis. Key element of a GeoDesign framework is maintaining quality of the data and analysis, while opening the inquiry to public audience.

A Performative Approach to Geodesign: conceiving open space in a highly polluted Beijing – Jillian Wallis & Wendy Wall (ID 11)

Adopting a more performative approach to geo-design offers a valuable conceptual framing for engaging rational and non-rational, quantitative and qualitative perspectives. Design is then no longer conceived as subjective or intuitive but instead as an engagement with creative forces and pragmatic criteria. The concept of the performative approach is demonstrated on the task of pollution minimization through the design of open spaces in the city of Beijing.

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Workshops Day 1

ESRI’s City Engine (14:45 – 17:30)

Autodesk (14:45 – 17:30)

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2. Thursday, May 22nd 2014

Keynote: Making it 3D with Limited Resources

Marc Pollefeys (9:00 – 9:45 h)

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Poster Session

An established item of the annual DLA Conference is the poster competition. The poster theme of 2014 is: “XXXXXX”. The final deadline for the poster submission is XX April 2014. (9:45 – 10:30 h)

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Session 4: From Point Clouds to Geo-Based Design

New methods for the depiction, modeling and visualization of landscapes are evolving that use point cloud representations of the real landscape as basis for design (Fricker et al. 2012; Joye 2013). The contributions present new approaches and application examples from research and practice. What are the benefits of these approaches in the iterative process of evaluation of conditions and options > decision / design > impact evaluation and finally implementation of designs?

Fricker, P., Girot, C., Kapellos, A., Melsom, J. (2012): Landscape Architecture Design Simulation Using CNC Tools as Hands-On Tools, In: Buhmann, E., Ervin, S., Pietsch, M., Peer Reviewed Proceedings of Digital Landscape Architecture 2012, Paper accepted 2011. Wichmann, Berlin, 130 - 140.

Joye, R. (2013): Generating a Point Cloud from a Crowdsourced Photographic Survey, In: Buhmann, E., Ervin, S., Pietsch, M., Peer Reviewed Proceedings of Digital Landscape Architecture 2012, Paper accepted 2011. Wichmann, Berlin, 275 - 282.

Session Chair: ?? Potential presentations (11:30 – 13:00 (90min), max. 6 presentations):

Head in the Point Clouds – Feet on the Ground – Jörg Rekittke, & Yazid Ninsalam (ID 3)

Point clouds of every occurrence and scale become the most relevant digital slug as well as virtual modeling clay of the landscape architectural design discipline. The paper presents an analytical documentary zoom ranging from “inside view” of a river to an operating altitude of about thirty meters. The chosen sample conduces to the finding and testing of the most suitable tools and techniques for the capture of the different layers and viewing angles of urban landscape reality.

GeoDesign meets Diggers and Dozers – Who is afraid of triangles? – Peter Petschek & Ulrike Nohlen (ID 1)

Approaches to build precise DTMs for 3D GNSS machine control systems. Application examples of landscape architecture construction sites in Germany.

Point clouds as a representative format for large scale landscape architecture projects: A Case Study of the Ciliwung River in Jakarta, Indonesia – Ervine Lin (ID 12)

This paper focuses on developing tools and workflows to modify existing reality captured datasets and embedding large scale landscape architectural projects into them in point cloud format. A series of alternative future scenarios are created through design exploration and systematically compared against each other.

From Landscape Surveying to Landscape Design – A Case Study in Nanjing, P.R. China – Pang Li & Peter Petschek (ID 17)

GPS and laser scanning are the new buzzwords in landscape architecture with the promise of precise landscape data. But which surveying technology is best suited for which project, how much time does it take, what are the measurement principles of these instruments, how will landscape information be collected and landscape models be built? This paper presents the results of a workshop, in which students were taught how to create Digital Terrain Models from laser scanning data and how to manipulate the terrain. The impact of this workflow on how to achieve a design result is discussed.

Digital Tectonics – Georgios Orfanopoulos, Ognien Maric & Mathias Bernhard (ID 33)

Precise data acquisition has evolved from commodity to absolute necessity especially in sites that are prone to flooding, where even centimetres of height difference can have a huge impact. A Java program is presented, which extracts height information from Google Earth data and produces a parameterized list of points. Furthermore, it allows producing a code for a CNC milling machine, so that a selected region can instantly be milled. With the Digital Tectonics tool an opposite workflow is possible: starting with a 3D model of any site and working on it iteratively with different means, e.g. from analogue to digital and back again.

Objective method for the evaluation of objects visibility based on point cloud data – Martin Pikalik, Lukáš Štrba, Luboš Moravčík (ID 42)

A method for the evaluation of the visibility of objects based on mathematical analysis of views as an alternative approach to a part of visual impact assessment processes is

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presented. The method is based on point cloud type data representing the 3D virtual space of a selected site and the proposed development. It is searched for specific RGB values and the ratio of selected colours is compared to the residual view area while generating numeric values for each RGB. Likely negative effects of proposed developments on the visibility of landmarks can be calculated.

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Session 5: Rule-based approaches for GeoDesign

Characteristically for rule-based approaches is that a set of formal rules in form of computer algorithms has to be specified for developing the design. Examples are rule-based allocations of land uses based on a variety of policy constraints, optimization models or agent-based models (Steinitz 2012: p 139). The presentations show how games, multi-criteria decision analysis, agent-based models, and combinations of modeling and design tools can support taking into account complex interrelationships of the landscape system. Do these modeling approaches increase evidence useful for policy making, design and planning? (cv. Schwarz-v. Raumer and Stokman 2012)

STEINITZ, C. (2012): A Framework for Geodesign - Changing Geography by Design. esri, Redlands, California, USA. Schwarz-v. Raumer, H.-G., Stokman, A. (2012): GeoDesign-Approximations of a catchphrase. In:

Buhmann/Ervin/Pietsch (Eds.): Peer-reviewed Proceedings Digital Landscape Architecture 2012, Anhalt University of Applied Sciences. Wichmann Verlag, Offenbach, 189 – 198.

Session Chair: Stefan Taeger??? Potential presentations (11:30 – 13:00 (90min), max. 6 presentations)

Prototypes and Play: Games on the Landscape – Christopher Marlow (ID 46)

Good games can capture and hold our attention like little else. GeoDesign shares multiple similarities with game design and environmental design processes, but two characteristics embody why they all fit so well together in environmental design education. The first – constructionism – celebrates thinking, tinkering, making, and learning in a multidisciplinary workshop/studio-like setting. The second – systems thinking – entails an understanding of the mechanics of both real and game environments. Environmental design – especially Landscape Architecture – is among the most ideally-suited disciplines in the world for embracing games. The integrated, multidisciplinary process applied in GeoDesign (design in geographic space) has potentially powerful implications in game design and the environment.

Making urban quality negotiable – Noemi Neuenschwander, Ulrike Wissen Hayek, Adrienne Grêt-Regamey (ID 37)

Two models are combined to support decision making processes in urban development planning. The first model optimizes the spatial distribution of urban development to minimize the goal conflicts using a linear goal-programming algorithm. The second model links locally relevant factors with an urban typology defining the respectively required environmental elements. The resulting spatial pattern is visualized in a web-platform suitable for collaboration processes.

Testing Patterns of Landowner Propensities to Implement Extensive Forest Fuels Reduction: Agent-based Modeling Experiments in the Willamette Valley, U.S.A. – Rob Ribe, Max Nielsen-Pincus, Bart Johnson (ID 24)

An agent-based landscape change model driven by landowner behaviours was used to investigate if sufficient numbers of landowners comply with an effective landscape pattern. Further, it is investigated how much financial incentives might help among different kinds of landowners.

Geodesigning Wildlife Corridors: Development of an Automated Design Model – Ryan Perkl (ID 10)

Translating modelled wildlife corridors into implementable elements within conservation and land use plans is problematic because the interior of these features is enigmatic. To overcome this knowledge gap between scientists and practitioners a new tool is developed combining GeoDesign with real-world applications in conservation planning and design. The Automated Design Model (ADM) allows for analysis, modelling, and design within ArcGIS and ArcScene without the need to employ other graphic design platforms.

Agent-based Simulation of Different Interventions Within a local Environment Focusing on Equilibrium in Landscape Resources – Gyorgy Szabo & Anna Czinkoczky (ID 14)

A simulation for modelling the resource potential of a local environment for different scenarios set up in ESRI’s CityEngine is seen as a complex decision making tool for landscape designers and architects. It enables them to choose between possible alternatives and may serve for possible improvement or redesign of certain elements.

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Session 6: Mobile Devices for GeoDesign

In the course of increasing popularity of mobile devices, such as interactive tablet PC’s or powerful smartphones that contain GPS (Global Positioning Systems) technology, they are also becoming powerful information and communication systems for collaborative landscape planning and design (Speed and Southern 2010; Joye et al. 2012; Rekittke and Paar, 2012). Examples are provided on their implementation as augmented reality tool to communicate ecosystem services, for crowdsourcing of local planning information such as user behavior of transportation infrastructure, as moving sensors for collecting data on invisible landscape characteristics, as participation tools in charettes, and as scoring application. What are the pros and cons, strength and weaknesses of implementing these mobile devices for GeoDesign? For which tasks are they ready for practice? In which direction should they be further developed?

Speed, C., Southern, J. (2010): Handscapes – Reflecting upon the Use of Locative Media to Explore Landscapes. In: Buhmann, E., Pietsch, M., Kretzler, E., Peer Reviewed Proceedings of Digital Landscape Architecture 2010, Wichmann, Berlin, 164 - 172.

Joye, R., Verbeken, J., Heyde, S., Libbrecht, H. (2012): Location-aware Mobile Devices and Landscape Reading. In: Buhmann, E., Ervin, S., Pietsch, M., Peer Reviewed Proceedings of Digital Landscape Architecture 2012, Wichmann, Berlin, 425-436.

Rekittke, J., Paar, P. (2012): There is no App for that – Ardous fieldwork under mega urban conditions. In: Buhmann, E., Ervin, S., Pietsch, M., Peer Reviewed Proceedings of Digital Landscape Architecture 2012, Keynote on May 27th 2011. Wichmann, Berlin, 66 - 75.

Session Chair: Chris Speed??

Potential presentations (14:45 – 16:00 (75min) + 16:30 – 17:30 (60min), max. 7 presentations):

Framing nature: Using augmented reality to communicate ecosystem services – Sarah Taigel, Andrew Lovett, Katy Appleton (ID 19)

A smartphone-based augmented reality tool was developed to communicate ecosystem services in both rural and urban river landscapes. In addition an augmented reality application VESAR was developed. The comparison of these tools shows their pros and cons.

Facilitated-VGI, Smartphones and GeoDesign: Tools for Coalition Building and Community Infrastructure Mapping – Christopher Seeger (ID 20)

Data collection can be a great interactive first step that can precede a broader GeoDesign project. The paper presents how geospatial and mobile technology along with crowdsourcing techniques have been used to collect, visualize and analyse the infrastructure supporting non-motorized transportation planning. The results show that the majority was not aware and surprised at how extreme the issues impacting walkability in their community were. Integrative Web mapping and smartphone geo-technology approaches may be the perfect low-cost participatory solution to generating the required information basis.

Analysing and mapping the cyclable city. A GPS-based analysis of the real and potential cyclability of Madrid. Gustavo Romanillos, Javier Gutiérrez-Puebla (ID 56)

The main objective was to identify what are the most important potential cyclist arteries of a city and what are the most efficient infrastructures to be developed, by analyzing the real urban cyclist behavior and their route decision-making. GPS data were collected from smart phone users in Madrid to identify general urban mobility patterns. A Multinomial Logit Model was developed to evaluate the impact of a wide range of different factors and characteristics of the network in the route decision-making process. Both analyses were integrated in a Potential Cyclist Flow Distribution Model, in order to select the best cyclist network in terms of potential cyclist flow covered by the selected bikeways.

Urban Pulse: The Application of Moving Sensor Networks in the Urban Environment: Strategies for Implementation and Implications for City Design – James Melsom & Luis Fraguada (ID 32)

Drawing on previous research in the field of spatial sensor implementation, this paper seeks to propose strategies for the efficient deployment of low-cost moving sensor networks in the city. The nature of this implementation, relying on existing city infrastructures, implies direct applications for the realms of Landscape Architecture, Urban Design, and GeoDesign.

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Use of mobile devices: Effects on public participation and 3D landscape experience - Gulsah Bilge, Sigrid Hehl-Lange, Eckart Lange (ID 52)

Understanding of a planning or design proposal is essential for successful public participation and sustainable design. The aim of this paper is to contribute to the development of 3D landscape visualization by discussing the utilization of mobile devices and a mobile application during a public charette. The objective is to understand the effectiveness of mobile device visualization tools in order to assess the effect of mobile devices on the public participation process.

Cybercity Motation: spatial connectivity in community consultation for Landscape Architecture – Paul Cureton (ID 40)

This paper presents Motation reformed as a mobile application to explore spatial connectivity, perception, graphic notation, and to make the human presence within landscape understood. A pragmatic approach is developed for a mobile phone scoring application for community consultation. Participants use a system of symbols recording their movement on scoring sheets. These notions have been reformed into a programmable scoring system for users to navigate landscapes, which are then collated allowing the identification of collective perceptions of landscape features.

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Keynote: Service-Oriented Geovisualization for GeoDesign

Jürgen Döllner (14:00 – 14:45 h)

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Session 7: Landscape Information Modeling (LIM) and Standardization

Building Information Modeling (BIM) is seen as essential to significantly enhance the design and construction process of buildings and facilitating more sustainable designs (Goldberg et al. 2012). However, Landscape Information Modeling (LIM) is not yet established. How can the information on the system and performances of the built environment be made available for analysis, engineering and design tasks? Different aspects in the scope of this topic are presented: the current position of landscape architects in BIM supported processes; how to set up a LIM on the example of assessing Best Management Practice solutions; the provision of suitable vegetation models for visualization of large scenes; and an ontology that shows how plants can be used as components for information modeling. Session Chair: Prof. Dr. Jürgen Döllner Hasso-Plattner-Institut, University of Potsdam, Germany Potential presentations (14:45 – 16:00 (75min), max. 5 presentations)

The Role of BIM in the Landscape Architectural Design Process – Heike Rahmann (ID 13)

The lack of expertise in the use of Landscape Information Modelling could effectively remove landscape architects from the supply chain. The profession seems inadequately equipped conceptually and technically to deal with the challenges put forward by the application of BIM. This paper explores the role of digital technology and information modelling in the conceptualization, design and construction of two large-scale infrastructure projects in order to conceptualise the positioning of landscape architecture in a BIM driven collaborative process. It is shown that BIM is not understood as a collaborative process, which crosses disciplines concerned with the construction of the built environment. Further, landscape architects conceive BIM as a one-stop digital platform to design and document their work. Digital literacy across multiple 3D modelling platforms is seen as key for strengthening the role of landscape architecture in such projects.

Linking GIS-based Modelling of Stormwater Best Management Practices to 3D Visualization – Howard Hahn & Dereatha Cross (ID 21)

This paper presents an example of integrated LIM modelling linking civil engineering, geographic, and visualization software. Control parameters and data are interchanged to model, visualize, and predict the effectiveness of Best Management Practices to control stormwater runoff. Once fully automated, the model will enable multiple scenario evaluation by experts and lay people in a short time.

Adaptive Billboard Clouds for Botanical Tree Models – Julian Kratt, Liviu Coconu, Timm Dapper, Jan Walter Schliep, Philip Paar, Oliver Deussen (ID 31)

Realistic renderings of large vegetated 3D scenes still remain a challenge due to the high geometric complexity. A framework for automated level-of-detail control of botanical tree models based on hierarchical billboard clouds is presented. The method is realized as plug-in for MAXON CINEMA 4D, enabling 3D content creators to directly use the system.

Plants as the components for information modelling – Veronika Zahrádková & Henri Achten (ID 5)

The extension of the concept of “Building Information Model” (BIM) to the domain of landscape design is investigated. The creation of an information model for landscape design in two phases is described: ontology definition and its formalisation. The final model can potentially allow for an easier integration of landscape design into urban and architectural design through exchange of information models.

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Strategy of Landscape Architecture Planning and Design under Parametric Framework – Yuning Cheng, Yangyang Yuan & Shi Cheng (ID 9)

Landscape architecture planning and design is no longer to beauty the environment, but it requires the designers to adopt a scientific approach to the interpretation of places and base the design work on it. An iterative evaluation – design – evaluation cycle is required. A parametric platform can provide strong support for landscape architecture design and assists in all stages of the design process (data acquisition, analysis, modelling, evaluation, design and plan generation). Method study: A theoretical discourse.

Planting Design, Digital Analysis and Evaluation Based on the Technology of Excel – Ye Chen & Daiting Yuan (ID 29)

A common zonal plant database is established using Excel. The system is useful for verifying and optimizing the scheme design of conventional planning.

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Workshops Day 2

Point Clouds at ILA (14:45 – 17:30) ILA

Rhino (14:45 – 17:30)

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3. Friday, May 23rd 2014

Keynote: Collaborative Platforms and Digital Methods for Landscape Architecture and Planning

Adrienne Grêt-Regamey and Christophe Girot (9:00 – 9:45 h)

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Short Presentations: Three Minutes of Fame

(9:45 – 10:30 h (45 min; max. 15 presentations)

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Workshops Day 3

Biosphere 3D (9:45 – 10:30 / 11:30) Jochen Mülder

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Session 8: Assessing the Tools’ Fitness for Purpose

Both Bishop (2011) and Lange (2011) state that further developments in visualization techniques help people to understand future landscape changes and influence the decision making process. They point out that it is therefore crucial to considered how landscape simulations are actually perceived by humans. The tools have to be validated. The contributions present methods and results of how to analyze different aspects of the visualization tools.

Lange, E. (2011): 99 volumes later: We can visualise. Now what? Landscape and Urban Planning, 100, 403-406. Bishop, I.D. (2011): Landscape planning is not a game: Should it be? Landscape and Urban Planning, 100, 390-392.

Session Chair: Prof. Dr. Adrienne Grêt-Regamey Planning of Landscape and Urban Systems, ETH Zurich, Switzerland Potential presentations (11:30 – 13:00h (90 min), max. 6 presentation):

Stress and Restoration during Navigation through an Urban Environment – Victor Schinazi, Tyler Thrash, Iva Barisic, Beatrix Emo, Christoph Hölscher (ID 18)

Changes in psychological arousal during navigation through a virtual urban city environment are assessed for testing two specific hypotheses related to stress and restoration. The roles of different landmarks in disorientation and stress as well as the roles of elements of city parks on restoration were investigated.

Who Is Afraid of "Light"? 2: Understanding the Characteristics of Eye Movement on Nightscape Using Wearable Eye-Tracking Device - Mintai Kim, Youngeun Kang (ID 57)

The goal is to investigate the effects of outdoor lighting on people’s perceptions of nighttime landscapes. This research employs wearable, mobile eye-tracking devices (glasses) and brings out the subjects to nightscapes in order to measure the level of fear subjects feel in real, outdoor, landscapes. The comparison of results with static nightscape images reveals the validity of simulated eye-tracking methods.

Evaluation of geodesign maps to communicate stakeholder values - Tessa Eikelboom, Ron Janssen (ID 51)

Before a geodesign tool can be used, it is necessary to test the usability of the tool for the planning task it was designed for. The survey included two stages: in the first round the type of graphical presentation of the stakeholder values was determined. The second round addressed how these values should be calculated for specific tasks. The results showed that the absolute tools were easier to understand compared to the relative tools.

Assessments and eye movements compared between photographs and visualizations of logged forest vistas. For what kind of assessments are visualizations a good representation of photographs? – Johan Pihel, Åsa Ode Sang, Caroline Hägerhäll, Marcus Nyström & Emma Sandström (ID 34)

An experimental study is presented that compares photographs to visualizations with regard to assessments of species richness and stewardship level as well as eye movement behaviour during the assessments. The study shows differences in assessments of species richness between photograph and visualization.

Cultural Ecosystem Services (CES) in a retro(per)spective – Linda Szücs, Renate Bürger-Arndt (ID 54)

The integration of the Ecosystem Services (ES) concept into landscape planning, management and decision making processes is a great challenge. Among the most prevalent issues in this context are the question of (1) how to visualize and communicate ecosystem and landscape services to relevant stakeholder groups and (2) how the social and economic relevance of ES can serve as a basis for decision-making processes. The results show that 3D visualizations (made with Biosphere 3D) help extend the explanatory power of conventional mapping methods.

The use of visualised landscapes in order to challenge and enhance theory in landscape preference research – Åsa Ode Sang & Caroline Hägerhäll (ID 16)

This paper presents a framework for how to use computer generated landscape visualizations for developing of theory within landscape preference research. Thereby the more general preference for landscape patterns and compositions is analysed. The framework is based on results from national and cross-cultural landscape preference surveys.

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Relevance of 3D in scientific visualization – Arzu Coltekin (ID 52)

Three dimensional (3D) visualizations appear to be attractive for public use given that Google Earth has been reportedly downloaded one billion times as of October 2011 and non-expert individuals declare that they use it for various purposes. However, despite its popularity, recent user studies provide mixed evidence on the benefit of 3D visualizations. In this position paper, we review the current user studies on 3D visualization and based on this review, discuss the directions of future research to establish exactly for what kinds of tasks we can recommend 3D and when we should possibly avoid it or support it with a linked 2D view.

Review and Innovation of Virtual Reality Technology in Landscape Architecture – Ye Chen & Changning Liu (ID 25)

Traditional professional software (such as Sketch UP) is linked to a virtual reality software platform comprising display, audio, interaction devices and other equipment. The platform is linked to interactive behaviour observation system software, Tobii Glasses eye-tracking system and wireless physiological data receiver.

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Keynote: Build A Super Environment

Clément Willemin (14:00 – 14:45 h)

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Session 10: Teaching with GeoDesign tools and approaches in Landscape Planning and Design

In order to establish GeoDesign tools, techniques and methods in practice, students of the planning and design professions have to gain skills and knowledge about them. The contributions show how to implement augmented visualizations and mobile learning platforms, how to use alternative modeling media for design studios, how crowdsourcing of base data can be implemented, and how to teach computer programing and landscape parametrics.

Session Chair: Prof. Peter Petschek Department of Landscape Architecture, Hochschule f. Technik Rapperswil, Switzerland Potential presentations (14:45 - 16:00 h (75 min), max. 5 presentations):

Augmented Landform – An augmented reality tool for landscape architecture students – Olaf Schroth, Chenyi Zhang (47)

It is the first aim of this study to develop a prototype for the augmented visualization of landform/terrain on top of a contour map. Second aim is to test the appeal and visual clarity of augmented terrain maps for the use in landscape architecture education in an empirical experiment.

Impact of a Geo-located Arboretum Database on Student Learning Methods – David Barbarash, Andrea Brennan, Kirby Kalbaugh, Paul Siciliano (ID 7)

Location based mobile learning platform for self-guided studies in order to disseminate course content in informal learning environments.

Speculative Precision: Combining sand box modeling with digital analysis for landscape design – Ilmar Hurkxkens & Georg Munkel (ID 30)

A method is presented that enables to work analytically with a tangible media such as sand, challenging the students towards speculative and precise designs.

Crowdsourced Geospatial Data in Landscape Assessment Teaching - A Work in Progress - Raphael Angehrn, Stefan Keller, Tobias Schmitz (ID 48)

This is a report on a work in progress about an approach which includes crowdsourced open data and information technology (IT) in teaching landscape assessment in higher education. Students are complementing the official base data for landscape assessment – which does not contain all the required information for landscape planning, especially not for recovery planning –with open data from OpenStreetMap (OSM). By capturing data for OSM (typically using GPS), students use it not only for the class but contribute it back to the community at the same time, which gives additional motivation. It is recommended to continue identifying the OSM map features and to establish an interactive web map.

Computer Programming Landscape Parametrics in the Core – Caroline Westort (ID 60)

This paper presents initial results for teaching introductory computer programming and landscape parametrics to undergraduate landscape architecture students. The course seeks to fulfil the following pedagogic objectives: 1) Teach the basics of coding logic, 2) Teach the basics of landscape parametrics, using a landscape palette’s graphic vocabulary of landform, vegetation, water, weather effects [Ervin, Hasbrouck, 2001], and 3) Teach the basics of graphical user interface interactivity. Secondary objectives and big motivators behind student enrolment include: 1. Inspire alternative career options that transform and spin-off from “traditional practice” and 2. Demystify the “black-box” of software technology.

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Closing Keynote: Future Collaborative Activities to Meet the Challenges of GeoDesign

Erich Buhmann (16:30 – 17:15 h)

Closing of the Conference

Adrienne Grêt-Regamey and Christophe Girot (17:15 – 17:30 h)