Program Planning: Goals, Purpose Statements,

Objectives and Logic Models

2005

Goals

Goals:

• Identify & clarify what you want to do or achieve

• Define what needs to be accomplished without getting bogged down in issues of measurement and timing

• Are described with an action verb & a noun phrase

Healthy People 2010

• Department of Health and Human Services

• Designed to serve as a road map for improving the health of all people in the United States during the first decade of the 21st century

• Comprehensive, nationwide health promotion and disease prevention agenda

HP 2010 Contents

• 28 focus areas - nutrition appears in several

• 467 objectives

• Key Indicators

Focus Areas at a Glance (28)1. Access to Quality Health Services2. Arthritis, Osteoporosis and Chronic Back Conditions3. Cancer4. Chronic Kidney Disease5. Diabetes6. Disability and Secondary Conditions7. Educational and Community-Based Programs8. Environmental Health9. Family Planning and Sexual Health10. Food Safety11. Health Communication12. Heart Disease and Stroke13. HIV14. Immunizations and Infectious Diseases

15. Injury and Violence Prevention16. Maternal, Infant, and Child Health17. Medical Product Safety18. Mental Health and Mental Disorders19. Nutrition20. Occupational Safety and Health21. Oral Health22. Physical Activity and Fitness23. Public Health Infrastructure24. Respiratory Diseases25. Sexually Transmitted Diseases26. Substance Abuse27. Tobacco Use28. Vision and Hearing

Leading Health Indicators

• Physical Activity• Overweight and Obesity• Tobacco Use• Substance Abuse• Responsible Sexual Behavior• Mental Health• Injury and Violence• Environmental Quality• Immunization• Access to Health Care

HP 2010 Goals

• Increase quality and years of healthy life

• Eliminate health disparities

Purpose Statements

Can be used for:

Mission statements Program Description As a first step in the development of

Performance Measures

Purpose Statement Template

The purpose of the ________________________ (name of service, program or line of business)

is to provide (or produce)______________________ (service or product -what)

for _______________________________________ (customer - who )

so that____________________________________ (RESULT / benefit - why)

Program Purpose Statement

The purpose of the Nutrition Public Health Practice Program is to provide planning, coordination, demonstration and policy development assistance

to communities. So that they can develop, implement, and evaluate programs and policies to promote nutrition and physical fitness behavior change.

Objectives

Many Kinds of Objectives

• Learning

• Process

• Outcome

• Others

RUMBA - Objective Checklist

Relevant Relates to identified needs, mission, and goals

Understandable Can anyone reading the objective relate to what is to beaccomplished?

Measurable Are the indicators measurable? Are systems in place tomeasure them?

Behavioral For learning objectives are there action words todescribe the desired behavioral outcomes?

Achievable Is it realistic? Can it be successfullyaccomplished?

Program Planning Objectives

• Outcome Objective: a statement of the amount of change expected for a specified population within a given time frame.

• Process Objective: a statement that measures the amount of change expected in the performance and utilization of interventions that impact on the outcome.

Outcome Objectives Are…...

• Long term

• Realistic

• Measurable:– levels of mortality, morbidity, disability– levels of health conditions– behavioral measures

Examples of Outcome Measures from Healthy

People 2010

Weight Status and Growth

• Healthy weight in adults

• Obesity in adults

• Overweight or obesity in children and adolescents

• Growth retardation in children

Food and Nutrient Consumption

• Fruit intake

• Vegetable intake

• Grain product intake

• Saturated fat intake

• Total fat intake

• Sodium intake

• Calcium intake

Iron Deficiency and Anemia

• Iron deficiency in young children and in females of childbearing age

• Anemia in low-income pregnant females

• Iron deficiency in pregnant females

Schools, Worksites, and Nutrition Counseling

• Meals and snacks at school

• Worksite promotion of nutrition education and weight management

• Nutrition counseling for medical conditions

Food Security

• Food Security

Increase the proportion of adults who are at a healthy weight.• Target: 60 percent.

• Baseline: 42 percent of adults aged 20 years and older were at a healthy weight (defined as a body mass index [BMI] equal to or greater than 18.5 and less than 25) in 1988–94 (age adjusted to the year 2000 standard population).

• Target setting method: Better than the best.

• Data source: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), CDC, NCHS.

Process Objectives Are……..

• Short-term

• Realistic

• Measurable

• Related to outcome measures– there may be several process measures

for one outcome measure

Example of Process Objectives

• By December 2002, 40 female students who seek services at the teen health center will receive brief counseling interventions from the clinic nurse about use of folic acid supplements to prevent NTD.

When The time (month, year) by or during which the interventionshould be accomplished or health status should change

What The targeted health problem/behavior to be changed or thetargeted intervention to be accomplished.

Whom The target population who will benefit

Where The area in which the target population is located

Who Staff or agency responsible

How much The amount of the intervention to be utilized, performed, oraccomplished or the quantity of change in a healthproblem.

Logic Models

ST

AT

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ILO

TIN

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RV

EN

TIO

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CDC Resources andInvestments

MoneyProfessional StaffTime Commitment

Consultants

CDC Funds State-based Obesity

Prevention Projects

CDC Provides Trainingand TA to States

Social MarketingLogic Evaluation

Other Topics

IF THENINPUTS

State DevelopsPopulation-focusedNutrition, PhysicalActivity & Obesity

Prevention Planning

State BuildsInfrastructure and

Capacity

States Develop andTest Population-

specific PilotInterventions

Design & TestPopulation-basedPilot Intervention

States ConductPopulation-focusedNutrition, PhysicalActivity & Obesity

Prevention Planning

State ProjectResources and

Investments

MoneyProfessional StaffTime Commitment

Partners

Public HealthIncreases Knowledgeof About Successful

Planning andIntervention

Increase Knowledgeof effective

Interventions

CD

C

State Pilot InterventionResources and

Investments

MoneyProfessional StaffTime Commitment

Partners

Develop EffectiveState Policies

EstablishEnvironmental

Supports

Project IdentifiesPopulation-specificNutrition, PhysicalActivity & Obesity

Prevention PlanningNeeds

Design Population-specific Intervention

Increased Resourcesare Mobilized and

Targeted onNutrition, PhysicalActivity & Obesity

Prevention Planning

Long-termNutrition, PhysicalActivity & Obesity

PreventionInterventionsEstablished

ImplementIntervention

Program

Overview of the Logic Model Framework for the CDC Nutrition and Physical Activity Programs to Prevent Obesity and Chronic Diseases

BehaviorChange:

Increasedphysicalactivity

Betterdietaryhabits

ReducePrevalenceof Obesity

ReducePrevalenceof ChronicDiseases

ST

AT

EP

RO

JEC

TS

What is a Logic Model?

• Tool for program planning and evaluation• Picture of a program• graphic representation of “theory of action”• Relationship between what we put in (inputs),

what we do (outputs), and what results (outcomes)

• Logical chain of if-then relationships

Why Develop Logic Models?

• Visual displays are effective learning instruments for all involved

• Shows why planned actions are likely to lead to desired results

• Assures that process is not overlooked in evaluation

• Enhances ability to use on-going evaluation for mid-course corrections

Logic Models Promote a Shared Vision

• Provide common language and reference point for all involved

• Fundamental purpose is clear

• Role of actions are clear

• Desired results at each step are clear

Step 1: Determine Scope

• Can be good overview of whole program

• Smaller pieces of program can be shown in more detail

Step 2: Identify Components

• Inputs: what you do to make the program possible, resources applied

• Outputs: what happens during the implementation

• Outcomes: the direct result of your program activities

Step 3: Draft Model

• Should be single page

• “Landscape” layout

• write left to right, not top to bottom

• use thin lines, don’t alter thickness

• avoid abbreviations

• use simple font, avoid italics

• show “if - then” visually

If Then

Step 4: Develop Evaluation Indicators

• Process: measure activities– ex: numbers of trainings, meetings,

technical assistance provided

• Outcome: measure short, medium, and long term outcomes– ex: increased understandings, behavior

change, health outcomes

Good Indicators Are…..

• Relevant

• Measurable

• Available or collectable

• Acceptable to participants, planners, funders and other stakeholders

Step 5: Revisit the Model Frequently

• Lay indicator data directly onto model

• Determine what’s working and what isn’t

• Modify model if change theory isn’t working

• Modify activities if unable to complete as planned