progression to the revolution. conditions in the ohio valley claimed by french, iroquois policies,...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Progression to the Revolution
![Page 2: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Conditions in the Ohio Valley
• Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British
![Page 3: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Fort Duquesne / Fort Necessity (1754 and 1755)
• Fort Duquesne, Washington constructs Fort Necessity, • Washington loses and surrenders, French/Indian tactics• British attempt again under Braddock and lose
![Page 4: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The French & Indian War Begins
The Ohio River Valley
Washington as Colonel of the Virginia Regiment, by
Charles Willson Peale, 1772.
![Page 5: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The War Intensifies
Braddock being shot, Washington is trying to help him.
![Page 6: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
• Outbreak of War (1756)– French land in Canada, colonists under attack,
Europeans realign
• Resulting British Policies– William Pitt leads, enlisting colonists, seizing
supplies, quartering
• Colonial Reactions to British Policies– Resentment, NYC riot (1757), British relax
policies (reimburse, colonial recruitment, more Br. troops)
![Page 7: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
North American conflicts
• British seize forts, Iroquois passive, Battle of Quebec (Sept 13, 1759) French surrender in 1760
![Page 8: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Harsh Tactics• Dispersal of Acadians, “scalp bounties”,
killings on frontier
![Page 9: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Worldwide
• French consistently lose (Caribbean, India, Africa)
![Page 10: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Treaty of Paris (1763)
• British Gains in NA: – Canada and E of Mississippi River from France– Florida from Spain
• Spanish Gain in NA: French Louisiana W of Mississippi River from France
![Page 11: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
• British– Gains large territory, debt, shifting view of
colonies, – end of salutary neglect, resentment of colonial
leaders
• Colonists– Common efforts, authority of colonial assemblies, – resentment of British soldier, pride in colonial
soldiers
![Page 12: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Native Americans
• Iroquois alliance fades, colonists encroach, loss of lands,
• Pontiac’s Rebellion, Proclamation of 1763
![Page 13: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Ending of the French and Indian War• British gain land, Pontiac’s
Rebellion, Proclamation of 1763.
• British need to pay debt and for 10,000 soldiers
• King George III choses George Grenville (Prime Minister) to get Britain out of debt
• Grenville suspects colonists were smuggling in goods
• Crack down on mercantilism policies (Navigation Acts)
![Page 14: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
American Revenue Act (Sugar Act) (1764)
• INDIRECT TAX, Changed rates on foreign imported sugar, mainly hurt New England traders
• Eliminated due process and allowed seizure of goods
![Page 15: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Currency Act (1764)
• Colonies must stop using paper money, harder to pay debts
![Page 16: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Stamp Act (1765)• DIRECT TAX, tax placed on printed
(and gaming) goods– Requires colonists to purchase official
stamped stationary for all legal documents
– Tax affects items such as • newspapers • licenses • contracts• playing cards• dice• …and much more
![Page 17: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Stamp Act (1765)
• Complaints regarding “No taxation without representation”
• Stamp Act congress and colonial boycotts
![Page 18: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Sons of Liberty formed (1765)
• Started by Isaac Sears in CT to protest Stamp Act
• Spread and take hold in Boston
![Page 19: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Raising Money, Clamping Down
FYI: Samuel Adams was a brewer, but is not related to the
beer of the same name.
• 1765: Sons of Liberty– secret resistance group,
partly under control of Sam Adams
– harassed the British officials with threats, mobs and demonstrations
– almost all of the Stamp Act officials resigned
![Page 20: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Mutiny Act (Quartering Act) (1765)
• Colonists must pay for barracks for soldiers OR pay for them to stay in other buildings
![Page 21: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Declaratory Act (1766)
• British had repealed Stamp Act
• Asserts Parliaments ability to make laws for colonies
![Page 22: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Townshend Acts (1767)
• INDIRECT TAX, new customs on imported goods, allowed general writs for searches for smuggling, boycotts
![Page 23: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Nonimportation agreements (1768-1769)• Boston, New York City, and Philadelphia agree to not
import British goods
Virginia Resolves (1769)
• States that only House of Burgesses have right to tax Virginia
• Statewide nonimportation law
The Colonists Push Back
![Page 24: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Daughters of Liberty (1769)
• Helped lead boycotts, creation of homespun cloth industry
![Page 25: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
The Women
of Edenton
![Page 26: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Boston Massacre (1770)• Britain sent 1000
troops (lobsterbacks) to Boston,
• Colonists throw snow and rocks at troops at customs house,
• British fire and kill 5 colonists
• Charged with manslaughter and only lightly punished
• British withdraw all Townshend taxes except on tea
![Page 27: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Gaspee Incident (1772)
• customs ship Gaspee abuses powers to search for smugglers
• Rhode Islanders board Gaspee after it runs aground
• Suspects to be sent to Britain, RI asks for help
![Page 28: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Committees of Correspondence (1773)
• Jefferson’s idea, to coordinate efforts against the British
![Page 29: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Tea Act (1773)
• British East India company in trouble,
• Lowered tax to make cheaper than smuggled Dutch tea
• BEI could sell directly to shopkeepers, hurt merchants
• Committee on correspondence tries to prevent tea shipments
![Page 30: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Boston Tea Party (1773)• NYC and Philly turn tea ships back,
Charleston confiscates,
• Boston – 150 men board ship dressed as Mohawks, dump 342 chests of tea into harbor
![Page 31: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Coercive Acts and Quebec Act (Intolerable Acts) (1774)
• Meant to punish Massachusetts and end colonial challenges,
• Shut down Boston Harbor until tea is paid for,• All Massachusetts officials appointed, not
elected• British officials have trials moved to England• 2000 troops sent to New England to be
quartered in homes
![Page 32: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 33: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
• Quebec has officials appointed and given Ohio Valley lands
![Page 34: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
First Continental Congress (1774)
• House of Burgesses dissolved after supporting Boston
• Call made for a Congress of all colonies, 12 show (no GA)
• Condemned Coercive Acts and organize boycotts
• Pledge to meet again in one year
![Page 35: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Lexington and Concord, (1775)
• Massachusetts organized Provincial Congress
• General Gage order to arrest Provincial Congress
• Wanted to take Concord supply depot
• Shots fired at Lexington, British turned back at Concord
![Page 36: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Second Continental Congress (1775)
• Named militia army around Boston the Continental Army
• Named George Washington commander in chief
![Page 37: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Bunker Hill and struggle over Boston (1775)
• Colonists stand up to British at Bunker Hill
• British trapped in Boston and evacuate
![Page 38: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Prohibitory Act (1775)
• British shut down all colonial trade, naval blockade,
• Recruit mercenaries
![Page 39: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Common Sense (1776)
• Published by Thomas Paine, 100,000 copies are sold,
• Shifts focus of colonial anger from Parliament to George III
![Page 40: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Patriots vs. Loyalists
• Growing rift between colonists who want to break with England and those who want to remain loyal
• Patriots: colonists who feel the colonial life will improve by splitting with England and achieving independence
• Loyalists: colonists who feel either that the colonies are better off under the British crown or that the colonies can’t successfully split from the crown and therefore they don’t want to be tried for treason (or both)
![Page 41: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Declaration of Independence (1776)
• Issued by Continental Congress, authored by Jefferson
![Page 42: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.--That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, --That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shewn, that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security.
Declaration of Independence (1776)
![Page 43: Progression to the Revolution. Conditions in the Ohio Valley Claimed by French, Iroquois policies, French construct forts, Iroquois align with British](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfae1a28abf838c9c80c/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Excerpted grievances from the Declaration of Independence which translate into the adoption of
the United States Constitution
• He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual, uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of their public Records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his measures.
• He has refused for a long time, after such dissolutions, to cause others to be elected; whereby the Legislative powers
• He has made Judges dependent on his Will alone, for the tenure of their offices, and the amount and payment of their salaries.
• He has kept among us, in times of peace, Standing Armies without the Consent of our legislatures.
• For Quartering large bodies of armed troops among us:• For protecting them, by a mock Trial, from punishment for any Murders
which they should commit on the Inhabitants of these States• For imposing Taxes on us without our Consent• For depriving us in many cases, of the benefits of Trial by Jury