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Project iCON “Competitiveness of SMEs
through Innovation and Collaborative
Entrepreneurship”
Technologies for an
Adaptive & Social
Market Economy
Luigi Telesca
Business Ecosystems and Digital Ecosystems (DE)
Beyond the State of the Art
SOA vs EOI
DE Main Concepts and Technologies
Architecture
Distributed Registry and P2P
DE Environments
MDA & Modelling
Execution Environment
The ONE Project
Negotiation Definition
Project Objectives & Expected Impacts
ONE Architecture and Technologies
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Presentation Outline
Digital Ecosystems The new multidisciplinary paradigm for the
evolution of Networked Organizations
Encourage SMEs & PA to use the Internet
and adopt ICT solutions
An open decentralized information
infrastructure composed of networked
agents (Agents: enterprises (especially SMEs),
intermediate actors, public bodies, end users, data,
and software etc.)
Agents cooperate and compete enabling
the creation of new complex structures
similar to ecosystems behavior
Agents are able to evolve dynamically
through incessant interactions, alliances,
adaptation and composition in order to
better adapt and survive to changing
market conditions.
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Is built on composition and complex hierarchies
No central control, no plans defined in advance
Fault tolerant:
No central point of failure, just viability concept
Diversity and autonomy (recursive)
Just adaptation to the local conditions
Selection and evolution
Its needed an infrastructure supporting the life (composed of living
organisms too), and a critical mass of individuals and biodiversity (bootstrap problem)
© ecosystems
Lessons from the living world
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State of the art Service Delivery Platform (SDP) and Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) are infrastructures allowing producers to deploy services for their users
• With Web 2.0, this separation between producers and consumers is blurred.
• The involvement of users in producing new services will have a tremendous impact and destabilize traditional business models and service deployment methods.
The challenges are numerous:
• Ownership of the infrastructure has to mutate from the closed and centralized existing model to a highly distributed, decentralized and self-managed model;
• New business management tools (including knowledge and content sharing) are needed for supporting these emerging community services;
• New infrastructure enablers are needed to facilitate the deployment of services by SME or even individuals;
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Beyond the State of the Art A Digital (Service) Ecosystem Infrastructure for enabling community
driven service provisioning and content distribution
Linking telecommunication infrastructure with high-level requirements e.g., Service and network provisioning for mobile users
Linking users of a community e.g., enabling data sharing through identity, trust, privacy and confidentiality management
Linking social implication with technological innovation e.g., reputation system merging institutional recommendation, social ranking and objective quality of service monitoring
Linking business models with service provisioning e.g., allow business negotiation and cater for accounting of infrastructure services
Linking people with IT e.g., allowing non-expert to build and use high level models in order to benefit from the service ecosystem infrastructure
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Digital Ecosystems
Main Concepts -
Technologies
Core Concepts
Add Semantics to service’s description
Provide a repository for models ( UML/MDA )
Functional models can evolve over time (XML/XMI enc.of the models )
Versioning
Dependencies
Heritage/Genealogy
Dynamic Architectures
Distributed content repositories
P2P (Is supported by a P2P architecture avoiding separated islands and connecting different social/business network)
NAT traversal
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Ecosystem Oriented
Infrastructure
EOI vs SOA
EOI is not in contrast with SOA
SOA is the starting point and EOA the evolution
Interoperability
WebServices
Discovery
Transport protocol (not central)
Service composition
BPM
WSS ( X.509, SAML )
Content Repository
EOI embeds SOA
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Is an innovative approach and methodology that decouples the systems functionalities from the implementations on a specific platform. The architecture is not constrained to
any language, platform or implementation (SW provider).
MDA facilitates the SW integration and reduces the development time improving the ROI of adopting organizations (reuse of models and knowledge).
Components: CIM (Computation Independent
Model ): models the business. PIM ( Platform Independent Model ):
models the functionalities. PSM ( Platform Specific Model ):
models the specific implementation.
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Model Driven Architecture
(MDA)
High level Architecture
EISCO 2008 - 25/09/08 Adapted from F. Nachira
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EISCO 2008 - 25/09/08
Shared Information
Community ‘Overlays’
P2P Indexes
Subscribe
Publish Store
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Distributed Registry & P2P
DE Environments Service Factory
Where services are described and developed.
UML, MBA, MDA based,
Design, test, distribution, deployment. Support for code generation
Execution (Run Time Environment)
Where services are configured, published, discovered, retrieved and consumed
Contains an application server or Servant
Contains a deployment subsystem of smart proxy
Based on Java
P2P persistency
Evolutionary Environment (Optional)
A parallel environment where service chains are created and optimized
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20/02/2013
Organization
Service
Messages
WSDL
Java Interface
Descriptors...
Computational Independent Viewpoint
Java Code
WS
Platform Independent Viewpoint
Platform Specific Viewpoint
Integrated CIM Editor
Integrated PIM Editor
Integrated PSM Editor
Product
Types
Parameters
Errors
Input/output
Ranges...
Motivation
Contract
Process...
Software Artifacts
Source: P.Ferronato, DBE Project
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Service Factory
Execution Environment Service proxy
Decouple the service implementation from its consumption.
Servent: server + client (from DBE) Eliminate the distinction between service provider and user/s (proxy
generation at run time ).
Service proxy
Generated from PSM.
Distributed at Run-time.
Intermediary of End-points.
Interoperability.
Refers to PIM.
EISCO 2008 - 25/09/08
Service Consumer Service Provider
end-point front-end proxy
P2P network
Run-time messages
proxy
proxy
proxy
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Execution Application server ( servent )
No architectural distinction between server e client
EISCO 2008 - 25/09/08
SOAP Layer
App. Server ( Consumer )
App. Server ( Producer )
adapter
front-end Legacy Provider
Legacy Consumer
Exec.
proxy
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EISCO 2008 - 25/09/08
Adapted from DBE Project
Portal A
DE Node
Models
Profiles
DKB
Service Service Service Service
Prosumer
Prosumer
Prosumer
Node Owner
Prosumer
Node Owner
Portal ..n
DE Node
Service Service Service Service
Persistency
Layer
Service
Registry
Service Service
Service Service..
Prosumer
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Portals Service Service..
Service
The Open
Negotiation
Environment An example showing how
to implement DE
ONE:
An Implementation
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ONE is an open, distributed, p2p negotiation
environment that will enable organisations of
different business ecosystems to negotiate
contract agreements for supplying complex,
integrated services as a virtual
organisation/coalition
……..not a simple auction!
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ONE Project Objectives The ONE negotiation platform will:
Provide tools to create negotiation protocols and negotiation strategies,
Provide runtime mechanisms for executing negotiations using different
negotiation protocols,
Enable users to dynamically modify the negotiation during the negotiation process.
Develop decision support tools helping
the users to execute a negotiation
Create trust mechanisms to enable the sharing of trustworthy knowledge between partners;
the long tailthe long tail
Long Tail of Business Negotiations
• Individual Negotiation Models
Structured
Negotiations Unstructured (Individual) Negotiations
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Component Model
ONE Node
Backend Applications
(Access via API)
API
§ Negotiation Engine
§ Intelligent System (Recommender
System, Reputation and Trust)
§ Identification and Authentification/
Authorization
Business Users
(Access via Browers)
Business Analyst
(Eclipse Rich Client)
§ Search for potential business
partners
§ Create negotiations
§ Participate in a negotiation
§ Manage negotiations
§ Modeling Business
Negotiation Models
§ Publish Negotiation Models
to the ONE repository
§ Connection to the backend
applications (CRM, EPR)
Company border
InternetOther ONE Nodes
EISCO 2008 - 25/09/08
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Negotiation Metamodel E-business Negotiations – the core negotiation concepts
Distributed Environment – modelling constraints
by means of decentralised environment supporting dynamic and
autonomous behaviour for each participant
IST ONE project – requirement analysis
Combining e-business negotiations with DBE
Negotiation
MetaModel Distributed
Environment
Modelling
Constraints E-business Negotiations Concepts
buyer process
rules
strategy
auction
SME
Requirement
Analysis
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Modelling Objectives Support different types of negotiations
Auctions (i.e. Dutch, English), tenders, bargains
Promote reusability within different service domains i.e. car sales, public sector, B2B
Support of multiple business actors in different roles, i.e. buyer, seller, owner
Separation of information and functionality negotiation information from negotiation
process
Support a collaborative multi-agent environment
Support peer-to-peer solution for negotiation
EISCO 2008 - 25/09/08
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Negotiation Metamodel
The Negotiation MetaModel Describes the components of a negotiation model and
their relationships by capturing their semantics from the e-business negotiation domain.
Is a Domain Specific Language, MOF-based Covers the two major aspects
Information – what? (i.e. what do we negotiate about?)
Protocol – how? (i.e. how do we actually negotiate?)
Core concepts Negotiation defines what a negotiation is and how it is
executed Actor represents a participating legal entity (person or
SME)
EISCO 2008 - 25/09/08
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EISCO 2008 - 25/09/08
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Negotiation MetaModel –
Core concepts
26
DKB
Modeling
Environment Read
Publish
ONE SetUp
Negotiation
Models
InpuiGUI
ZK Ajax
Automatic
Generation
Negotiation
Instance
XMI Store
Owner
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Set-up a negotiation
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Run a Negotiation
DKB
ONE Exe
Store
Owner
Participants
.......
Engine Negotiation
Instance
XMI
InpuiGUI
ZK Ajax Logs
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Projekt iCON sofinanciran v okviru Programa čezmejnega sodelovanja Slovenija-Italija 2007-
2013 iz sredstev Evropskega sklada za regionalni razvoj in nacionalnih sredstev.
Progetto iCON finanziato nell'ambito del Programma per la Cooperazione Transfrontaliera
Italia-Slovenia 2007-2013, dal Fondo europeo di sviluppo regionale e dai fondi nazionali.
Ministero dell'Economia
e delle Finanze
Thank you
www.one-project.eu
Other References:
www.digital-ecosystem.org
www.digital-ecosystems.org