project management - freedavid.roumanet.free.fr/bts-sio/gestion_projets/project... · 2018. 1....
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22/01/2018 David ROUMANET
Project Management
N° 2
Gestion de Projets
Summary● Definitions● Opérations (phases)● Tools (Gantt, Pert, Mind...)● People and functions● Communications● Risks management
N° 3
Gestion de Projets
My first project
N° 4
Gestion de Projets
What is a project ?● Many tasks● One or more resources● A starting point... and a target● A fixed term● A link between all of that
N° 5
Gestion de Projets
What is a project ?● One task only isn't a project !
● But it could be if you can create sub-tasks
● A project can't exist without a target !● A project is a transformation (a change)
N° 6
Gestion de Projets
What is a project ?● A Task is...
● A simple operation● Linked by a verb and a subject
– Launch program xxxxx– Copy text– Modify document yyyyy– ...
● An act of change
N° 7
Gestion de Projets
What is a project ?● A resource is...
● A person or a team● A budget or financial concept● A physical or logical element
– An equipment– A software– A tool, product, transport...
N° 8
Gestion de Projets
What is a project ?● A Target is...
● A desire for change● a reliable and achievable vision
– Notion of available time– Notion of available resources
N° 9
Gestion de Projets
What is a project ?● A Duration is...
● An element build with many unit of time– Minuts (pour un plongeur)– Days (pour un projet informatique)– Month (pour une naissance)
● A resource !– It's possible to adjust time (more persons, deadline...)– It's quantifiable (12d out of order = 12 M€)
N° 10
Gestion de Projets
What is a project ?
Task 1
Task 2
Task 3
Duration
Existing TargetResource A
Resource B
N° 11
Gestion de Projets
What is "My first project" ?
Break eggs
Eat the pan
Switch the induction
Duration~10 minuts
ExistingEmpty plate
TargetSucculent meal
Cooker
Eggs
Stove
Induction plate
Cook 6 minuts
Put Salt on Eggs
Saltz
http://cuisine-facile.com/trucs_astuces/recette-comment-bien-cuire-oeufs-sur-plat.html
N° 12
Gestion de Projets
Next project :)…
N° 13
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ?● Determine the type of project● Define tasks and resources● Identify risks● Evaluate duration for each time● Determine order for each step● Knowing the status of project● Manage communication
N° 14
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ?● Determination of project type:
● Resources– internal– external (subcontractors)
● Project Type– Stable– Unstable (many years)
SynchronisedProject
Criticalproject
SimpleProject
DrivenProject
StableStable UnstableUnstable
ExternalExternal
InternalInternal
N° 15
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ?● Critical operations
● Mandatory and unavoidable● High cost resources (no marge)● Non-Mastered (risks, aleas, weather...)
● Non critical operations● No big impact on realisation (ex. personalisation)● Easely replaceable or alterable (many ways to
complete)
N° 16
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ?● Criticity :
● Criticity =Impact * Probability
2 4
1 2
Peu probablePeu probable ProbableProbable
ImportantImportant
FaibleFaible
IMPACTIMPACT
PROBABILITEPROBABILITE
N° 17
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ?● Criticity :
Difference betweenTheory and reality
N° 18
Gestion de Projets
Qu'elles sont les opérations ?● Criticity :
La théorie, c'est quand on sait tout et que rien ne fonctionne. - La pratique, c'est quand tout fonctionne et que personne ne sait pourquoi. - Ici, la pratique et la théorie sont réunies, rien ne fonctionne et on ne sait pas pourquoi.
Theory is when you know everything but nothing works practice is when everything works but no one knows why in our lab theory and practice are combined nothing works and no one knows why
N° 19
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ?● Notion of critical path
● Critical path is the link between unavoidable tasks– It give the minimal duration for the project– It shows all unavoidable tasks– It permit to order all mandatory tasks
N° 20
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ?● Exercise : find links between tasks
Space shuttle take off
Filling tanks
Check levels
Instructions to crew
Evacuation takeoff area
Check Weather
Computers flight programming
120 mn
1 mn
5 mn
5 mn
2 mn
35 mn
Bunk filling (food)
Flight simulation
Crew checkup
Final countdown (europe)
Doors lock
50 mn
50 mn
25 mn
3 mn
2 mn
N° 21
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ?● Tip 1 : start to link tasks
Space shuttle take off
Fill Tank Check Levels
Instructions to crew
Evacuation takeoff area
Check Weather Computers flight programming
120 mn 1 mn
5 mn
5 mn
2 mn 35 mn
Bunk filling (food)
Flight simulationCrew checkup
Countdown
Doors lock
50 mn
50 mn25 mn
3 mn
2 mn
N° 22
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ?● Tip 2 : search for longest path
Space shuttle take off
Fill Tank Check levels
Instructions to crew
Evacuation takeoff area
Check Weather Computers flight prog
120 mn 1 mn
5 mn
5 mn
2 mn
Bunk filling (food)
Flight simulationCrew checkup
Countdown
Doors lock
50 mn
50 mn25 mn
3 mn
2 mn
Décollage
35 mn
N° 23
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ?● Here is our critical path !
Space shuttle take off : 124 mn minimum
Fill Tank Check levels
Instructions to crew
Evacuation takeoff area
Check Weather Computers flight prog
120 mn 1 mn
5 mn
5 mn
2 mn
Bunk filling (food)
Flight simulationCrew checkup
Countdown
Doors lock
50 mn
50 mn25 mn
3 mn
2 mn
Décollage
35 mn
N° 24
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ?● successive, parallel and convergent tasks
Space shuttle take off : 124 mn minimum
Fill Tank Check levels
Evacuation takeoff area
Check Weather Computers prog
Bunk filling (food)
Flight simulationCrew checkup
Countdown
Doors lock
Décollage
N° 25
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ?● Notion de tâche successive, parallèle et
convergente● Successive : Cannot be done before previous one● Parallel : Could be done while another task is done● Convergent : Cannot be done before all other
needed previous tasks
Définitions Opérations Outils ConclusionApplications Projet SVN
N° 26
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ?● Resume
● Inventory of tasks– Duration, resources, ...
● Scheduling of tasks– Priorities, criticities, durations...– Previous / Next
● Critical path search– Défine minimum time size (used for reverse scheduling)
N° 27
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ?● Resume
● Inventory of tasks– Duration, resources, ...
● Scheduling of tasks– Priorities, criticities, durations...– Previous / Next
● Critical path search– Défine minimum time size (used for reverse scheduling)
Tasks on critical path must be securised :
- By availability (équipement de secours, remplaçant )…- By integrity (limit stakeholders)- By authentication (one responsible)
N° 28
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ?● Driving project
● Cycle● Indicators● Reports
Init Plan Act Close
Drive
N° 29
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ?● Driving project
● Organisation (R, A, S, I [,C])– Responsible : Manage the project (costs, resources, ...)– Accountable : take final decisions (ultime ownership)– Support : gives resources mandatory for the project– Informed : follow the project status (could be implied in a
later phase)– Consulted : must be consulted before a sensible phase
or action is coming
N° 30
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ?● Example
● Team 3 is waiting Team 2
Init Plan Eq. 1 Clos
Drive
Eq. 2 Eq. 4
Eq. 3
R
I
S
Cust.
A
R.EX
MOE MOA
N° 31
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ?● Project closeout checklist
– Formalize the end of the client project– Validate the solution in place is operationnal– Note gaps with target solution– Put an end to the Projet– Start the Support
N° 32
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ?● Project closure
● REX : Retour d'Expérience (internal feedback)– Allow to share strengths and weaknesses of the project– Validate duration (planned / effectives)– Analyze errors and aftermath (consequences)– anticipate for next projects (teams, resources, etc.)– ... Celebrate the end of the project!
N° 33
Gestion de Projets
How to let the Project Manager Believe that he has the right tools !
N° 34
Gestion de Projets
Tools for tasks research● Brain Storming :
creative way to search, with strange idea inspiring great ideas.
● Brown Paper : Cap Gemini method that permit to show all operations on a simple "document"
● SWOT : method that help to decide if the company could start the project or not.
N° 35
Gestion de Projets
Tools for project preparation● Focus sur SWOT
● Strengths (Forces)
● Weaknesses (Faiblesses)
● Opportunities (Opportunités)
● Threats (Menaces)
More used for strategic rather operational project
May help on keys point of the project.
N° 36
Gestion de Projets
Tools for tasks research● Focus sur Brown Paper
● All around the wall of a room
● Post-it
●
CapGemini patent.
Used before computer tools. Post-It are easy to move on the brawn paper.
Post-it could have differents colours depends of categories, sites, resources, costs...
N° 37
Gestion de Projets
Tools for tasks research● Mind Mapping :
A way to search and organize ideas.● "Google" :
Search for similar project (in the world)● Knowledge Base :
Search for similar project (in your organisation)● Common sens :
Use the Force (and your experiences)
N° 38
Gestion de Projets
Tools for tasks organisation
N° 39
Gestion de Projets
Tools for tasks organisation● Mind Mapping :
Create a tree with all ways to works.● Méthode Einsenhower :
2 axes, where are important/urgent tasks● Méthode de la Rache :
french standard (widely known)(http://www.la-rache.com/)
● QQOQCC (WWWWHH) : Empirical method of questioning
N° 40
Gestion de Projets
Tools for tasks organisation● Eisenhower
Définitions Opérations Outils Conclusion
urgent
important
1
2
3
4
56
7
Applications Projet SVN
N° 41
Gestion de Projets
Tools for tasks organisation● Accronym*
● Rapid● Application● Conception● Heuristic● Extreme-programming
* joke
N° 42
Gestion de Projets
Tools for tasks organisation● QQOQCC
● Qui● Quoi● Où● Quand● Comment● Combien
By the way…
Strategic plan ► next 10 yearsOperationnal plan ► next year
N° 43
Gestion de Projets
N° 44
Gestion de Projets
Tools for planning (Gantt, Pert, ...)● Gantt
● Microsoft Project● GanttProject http://www.ganttproject.biz/ ● ProjectLibre
http://www.projectlibre.com/product/projectlibre-open-source
● ToDo● EssentialPIM http://www.essentialpim.com● HiTask (*) http://hitask.com/
N° 45
Gestion de Projets
N° 46
Gestion de Projets
Collaborative Tools● GoogleDocs● DoodleDo● Chamillo (IUT)● Trello● SurveyMonkey● SharePoint (Microsoft)● SubVersion, SVN, GIT
N° 47
Gestion de Projets
SubVersion
N° 48
Gestion de Projets
SubVersion
N° 49
Gestion de Projets
SubVersion
N° 50
Gestion de Projets
Dev methods : Leans and Agile● Kanban● Scrum● XP
Backlog WIP Waiting Done
Task ID
Who Task ID
WhoTask ID
Who
Task ID
Who
Task ID
WhoTask ID
Who
Task ID
Who
Task ID
Who
Task ID
WhoTask ID
Who
N° 51
Gestion de Projets
Dev methods : Leans and Agile● Kanban● Scrum● XP
Each task is presented to The customer when it’s
done
Finnished tasks are presented to The customer after a full cycle.
Fast cycles are scrum (team review)
N° 52
Gestion de Projets
Dev methods : Leans and Agile● Kanban● Scrum● XP
Backlog WIP Waiting Done
Task ID
Who Task ID
WhoTask ID
WhoTask ID
Who Task ID
Who
Task ID
Who
Task ID
Who
Task ID
Who
Task ID
Who
Task ID
Who
N° 53
Gestion de Projets
Dev methods : Leans and Agile● In details comparaison