project presentation, wbv kirovsk
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WHOLE BODY VIBRATION EXPOSURE AND PREDICTION OF HEALTH RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH THE OPERATION OF SURFACE HAUL
TRUCKS IN OPENCAST MINES IN NORTHWEST RUSSIA
KIROVSKCITY
Underground mine
Open mine
Øvrum A. (1), Skandfer M. (1), Talykova L. (2) Nikanov A. (2), Syurin S. (2), Khokhlov T. (2)
TROMSØ
KIROVSK
MURMANSK
OSLO
ST. PETERSBURG
NORWAY
SWEDEN
FINLAND
RUSSIA
ARKHANGELS
Met
hode
Resu
lts
Dis
cuss
ion
Intr
oduc
tion
RUSSIA INDIA CANADA
Compare exposure values with findings in other international studies from similar work places
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II
Discuss predicted health risks associated with the use of Surface Haul Trucks (SHTs) according to the criteria in ISO standard 2631-1, annex B and EC Directive 2002/44/EC.
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Conc
lusi
on
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© 2009 Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway
© 2009 Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway
1 INTRODUCTIONSHT drivers n = 250
12 hour shifts, WBV exposure 8 hours
Surface Haul Trucks:
Caterpillar andBelarussian Autoworks (Belas)
2 MATERIAL – Surface Haul Trucks (SHT’s)
Caterpillar 785C:
Belas 75 121:
Belas 75 131:
Belas 75 145:
Range of measurment periodes: 13-58 min.
© 2009 Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway
n=14
MEASUREMENTS:
ISO 2631-1, 1997Portable measurement equipment (Larson Davis)Seat pad and accelerometer (PCB)
Table 1: Frequency-weighted r.m.s. acceleration and vibration dose value (VDV) for 4 types of SHTs.
3 RESULTS
Vehicle type
Number of vehicles(number of measurments)
Measurment duration (min.)
Most severe axis acceleration r.m.s (z-axis)(m/s2)
Most severe axis vibration dose value (VDV) (z-axis)(m/s-1,75)
Mean Min. Max SD Mean Min. Max SD
Caterpillar 785C 2 (2) 31-37 1,12 1,09 1,15 0,04 13,65 13,5 13,8 0,21Belas 75 121 2 (2) 34-45 1 1,05 0,96 0,06 10,95 10,4 11,5 0,78Belas 75 131 4 (6) 21-25 0,83 0,7 0,92 0,1 8,26 6,89 9,91 0,99Belas 75 145 6 (7) 13-58 1,1 0,73 1,57 0,29 11,04 7,24 14,4 2,92SHTs n=14* 14 (17) 13-58 1 0,7 1,57 0,23 10,35 6,89 14,4 2,61
WBV exposure from SHT’s (n=14) A(8)rms = 1,0 m/s2, SD = 0,23
© 2009 Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway
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4 DISCUSSION
© 2009 Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway
RUSSIA INDIA CANADA
Compare exposure values with findings in other international studies from similar work places
Discuss predicted health risks associated with the use of Surface Haul Trucks (SHTs) according to the criteria in ISO standard 2631-1, annex B and EC Directive 2002/44/EC.
4 DISCUSSION
NORTH WEST RUSSIA INDIA
© 2009 Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway
[1],[2]
[1] Mandal B.B., (2006). Whole body vibration exposure of heavy earth moving machinery operators in Indian mines. Indian Mining & Engineering Journal (2006), Vol 45:29-31.[2] Shrawan Kumar, (2004). Vibration in operating heavy haul trucks in overburden mining, Applied Ergonomics 35 (2004) 509-520.
Limit value21 m/s2
Action value9,1 m/s-1,75
4 DISCUSSION
NORTH WEST RUSSIACANADA
© 2009 Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway
[3]
[3] Eger T., Salmoni A., Cann A., Jack R. (2006). Whole-body vibration exposure experienced by mining equipment operators. Occupational Ergonomics 6 (2006) 121-127.
Limit value1,15 m/s2
Action value0,5 m/s2
ISO 2631-1 Annex B Directive 2002/44/EC
A(8) (m/s2 r.m.s)
VDV(8) (m/s1,75)
A(8) (m/s2 r.m.s)
VDV(8) (m/s1,75)
For exposure below the zone (HGCZ) health effects have not been clearly documented and/or objectively observed.
0,45 8,5 Action value
0,5 9,1
HGCZ - Health Guidance Caution Zone.
0,45 - 0,9 8,5 - 17
Above the HGCZ health risks are likely.
0,9 17 Exposure limit
1,15 21
Table 2: Health guidance caution zones in ISO 2631-1 (Annex B) and exposure limit values and action values in Directive 2002/44/EC.
4 DISCUSSION
ISO 2631-1 Annex B Directive 2002/44/EC
© 2009 Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway
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Directive 2002/44/EC HGCZ Appendix ISO 2631-1
1,0 m/s2 - mean A(8)rms
Limit value1,15 m/s2
Action value0,5 m/s2
HGCZ0,45 – 0,9 m/s2
A(8)rms
© 2009 Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway
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Directive 2002/44/EC HGCZ Appendix ISO 2631-1
10,35 m/s1,75 - mean VDV
Limit value21 m/s2
Action value9,1 m/s-1,75
HGCZ8,5 – 17 m/s-1,75
Vibration dose value, VDV
© 2009 Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway
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Crest factor (n=14) = 12,78 SD±5,26.
Directive 2002/44/EC
A(8)rms
Workers subjective impression of exposure
Winter
Summer
SpringAutume
Seats
© 2009 Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway
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WBV
Road quality
Seat, type
Driver Vehicle, maintenance
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE WBV in SHT’s
© 2009 Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway
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Occupational - Clinics:
Tromsø, NorwayKirovsk, Russia
Umeå, Sweden
Mining - Communities:
Longyear city, Norway
Kirovsk, Russia
Kiruna, Sweden
FUTURE PROJECT – WBV, mining industry, Barents Region
© 2009 Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway
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© 2009 Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, UNN HF
20© 2008 Dept. of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, UNN 20
TROMSØUniversity Hospital of North Norway
THANK YOU!
ANY QUESTIONS?