project report on effect of usage of electronic and communication equipment on student
TRANSCRIPT
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RESEARCH PROJECT
ONEFFECT OF USAGE OF ELECTRONIC ANDCOMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT ON STUDENT"
SUBMITTED TO PUNJAB TECHINICAL UNIVERSITYIN THE PARTIAL FULLFILLMENT FOR THE AWARD OF DEGREEOF MASTERS IN BUSINESS ADMINSTRATION
Submitted by: Submitted to:
CT INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT AND INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY JALANDHAR
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PREFACEMBA is stepping stone to management career. In order to develop a healthy
management and administration skill among potential managers, someone has rightlysaid that partial training is far better than the classroom training. To achieve partial and
concrete results, it is necessary that theoretical knowledge must be supplemented with an
exposure of the real business environment.
Keeping this in view and to go an exposure, we in the group of four conducted a survey
in Punjab. By doing this we learnt a lot which will help a lot in the future as well as in
the summer training.
The name of our project is EFFECT OF USAGE OF ELECTRONIC ANDCOMMUNICATION EQUIMENT ON STUDENTA for which we conduct a survey
in DIFFRENT COLLEAGE OF PUNJAB.
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AKNOWLEDGEMENTWe take this opportunity to express our sincere thanks and deep gratitude to our respected
and worthy project guide Asst .Professor Mis.ISHPREET KAUR for giving us anopportunity to work on such a lovely project.
We also thank Mis.ISHPREET KAUR for providing us help at every difficult situation
and for guiding us in his own way.
Last but not the least; we want to thank all the people who levied their precious time to
complete this project, without whose help this report wouldnt have materialized.
GUIDE CERTIFICATEThis is to certify that the research project titled EFFECT OF USAGE OF
ELECTRONIC AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT ON STUDENT has been
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conducted under my guidance and supervision. This project has been submitted to Punjab
Technical University for the partial fulfilment of the award of degree in Masters of
Business Administration. This project has not been submitted in any other institute or
university.
The project is submitted by: JASBIR SINGH (Roll no: 94372236452), AND
SIMRANJIT SINGH (roll no: 94372236516) .The sincerely of efforts put in during the
course of investigation is hereby acknowledged.
Miss. ISHPREET KAUR
(Project guide)
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STUDENTS
DECLARATIONThis project entitled EFFECT OF USAGE OF ELECTRONIC ANDCOMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT ON STUDENT is submitted in partialfulfilment of the requirement for the award of degree of master of businessadministration of Punjab technical university, Jalandhar.This research work is done by all the members of a group namely, Jasbir
Singh and Simranjit Singh. This research work has been done only for MBAonly and non of this research work has been submitted for any other degree.The assistance and help during the execution of the project has been fully
acknowledged.
DatedJASBIR SINGH
Roll no: 94372236452
SIMRANJIT SINGH
Roll no: 94372236516
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INDEX
Serial No. Particulars Page No.
1 Preface
2. Acknowledgement
3. Guide Certificate
4. Students Declaration
5. Introduction
6. Objectives
7. Research methodology
8. Data Analysis & Interpretation
9. Limitations
10. Findings
11. Suggestions
12. Conclusion
13. Bibliography
14. Annexure
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INTRODUCTIONOur project report is based on the study of effect of usage of electronic and
communication equipment on student. There are several types of electronic and
communication devices that we use in our daily life. Following are the list of electronic
and communication devices that we use in our daily life.
TYPS OF ELECTRONIC AND COMMUNICATION DEVICES
The basically using electronic and communication devices that we use in
our daily life are the as follow: -
Television
Mobile
Computer
Laptop
Air conditioner
Refrigerator
The brief detail of these devices is given bellow:-
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TELEVISOIN
The television is great invention of science. It becomes an important
part of our daily life. By using television we can watch several types of
live and record video program. Television helps us to gain different
type of knowledge.
The history of television
Lee de forest a African inventor who pursued research on the vacuum
tube-crucial to television -by adding a third element to a glass tube,
creating a triode which amplified and controlled electromagnetic
signals. He called this device an Audion. Under the employment of
Westinghouse Electric Corporation, he conceived and created the first
practical television set. Philo Farnsworth a young American inventor
who developed the image dissector tube, which brought high
resolution to television pictures. Heading into the great depression, few
families owned television sets and many technical issues were left to
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be resolved. This solved the diffusion of television. In 1941, formed by
manufacturers, produced an agreement setting standards for home
picture quality. The age of commercial television in United States
dawned on July 1, 1941, when WNBT (now WNBC) in New York began
broadcasting. CBS went on the air that same month. After that the
research are made to made television more effective.
The present features of television are: -
High definition television
Digital video recorders
Including DTH, DVD and GAMES etc.
Available in LCD screen.
Available in different sizes.
MOBILE PHONE
Mobile is very important electronic and communication device that we
are using in our daily life. It helps us to communicate with a person
over a distance of several kilometers.
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The history of mobileThe introduction of hexagonal cells for mobile phone base
stations, invented in 1947 by Bell Labs engineers at AT&T, was
further developed by Bell Labs during the 1960s. Radiophones
have a long and varied history going back to the Second World
War with military use of radio telephony links and civil services
in the 1950s, while hand-held cellular radio devices have been
available since 1983. Due to their low establishment costs and
rapid deployment, mobile phone networks have since spread
rapidly throughout the world, outstripping the growth of fixed
telephony.In 1945, the 0G generation of mobile telephones was
introduced. 0G mobile telephones, such as Mobile Telephone
Service, were not officially categorized as mobile phones, since
they did not support the automatic change of channel
frequency in the middle of a call, when the user moved from
one cell (base station coverage area) to another cell, a feature
called "handover".
In 1970 Amos Joel of Bell Labs invented the "call handoff"
feature, which allowed a mobile-phone user to travel through
several cells during the same conversation. Martin Cooper of
Motorola is widely considered to be the inventor of the first
practical mobile phone for handheld use in a non-vehicle
setting. Using a modern, if somewhat heavy portable handset,
Cooper made the first call on a handheld mobile phone on April
3, 1973. At the time he made his call, Cooper was working as
Motorola's General Manager of its Communications Division.
Fully automatic cellular networks were first introduced in the
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early to mid-1980s (the 1G generation). The first fully
automatic mobile phone system was the 1981 Nordic Mobile
Telephone (NMT) system. Until the early 1990s, most mobile
phones were too large to be carried in a jacket pocket, so they
were usually permanently installed in vehicles as car phones.
With the advance of miniaturization and smaller digital
components, mobile phones got smaller and lighter.
Dr. Martin Cooper of Motorola made chon chon the first us analog
mobile phone. It was incarnation of his vision for personal wireless
communication distinct from cellular car phones.
Working of mobile phonesThe working of mobile phone is basically depends on SIM card, which is
provide us by a cellular network. The idea of first cellular network was
brainstormed in 1947. The mobile phone technology is basically of two
types: -
GSM (global system mobile)
CDMA (code division multiple access)
There are three major section inside the mobile phones are
Power section
Radio section
Computer section
A power section deals with power related tasks such as power
distribution or charging the battery. A radio section has basically set of
four main function band switching, RF power amplification, transmitter
and receiver. A computer section consists of tow main parts CPU
(central processing unit) and memory (RAM, FLASH, and COMBO CHIP)
Importance of mobile
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The basic important of mobile in our daily life is given bellow:-
It helps us to communicate with each other.
It provides us easy messaging service through sms and mms
services.
The modern mobiles phones provide us multimedia services like
camera, mp3 player, video games and many more applications.
The GPRS enabled mobile provide us GPRS services which allow
us to use internet on mobile.
COMPUTERComputer is an electronic device, which takes inputs, process it and generates a useful
result. The computer is widely used electronic device in these days.
History of computerThe abacus is the first known calculating device discovered in 1450B.C.
This illustrates how the ancient computers worked. After the counting
device Napiers bones discovered in 1600 A.D. in 1962 A.D French
scientist Blaise Pascals invented the first adding machine. Gottfriedimproved on Pascals machine and introduced multiplying machine. In
1813 Charles Babbage developed a machine, which could perform
complex calculations. In 1862 Charles Xavier invents first calculators
with commercial prospect. In 1863 Charles Babbage invent analytical
engine. In 1896 Dr. Hermann Hollerith invent punch card machine. In
1947 EDSAC (electronic delayed storage and calculation) the first
electronic computer invents.
The computer generationThe computer has basically five generation till now: -
First Generation (1942-1955)
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This generation computers use vacuum tubes. This generation
computers were large in size and they generate large heat when they
used.
The first generation computers were huge, slow, expensive, and often
undependable. In 1946two Americans,
Prosper Eckert, and John Mauchly built the
ENIAC electronic computer which used
vacuum tubes instead of the mechanical
switches of the Mark I. The ENIAC used
thousands of vacuum tubes, which took up a lot of space and gave off
a great deal of heat just like light bulbs do. The ENIAC led to other
vacuum tube type computers like the EDVAC (Electronic Discrete
Variable Automatic Computer) and the UNIVAC I (Universal Automatic
Computer).
The vacuum tube was an extremely important step in the
advancement of computers. Vacuum tubes were invented the same
time the light bulb was invented by Thomas Edison and worked very
similar to light bulbs. Its purpose was to act like an amplifier and a
switch. Without any moving parts, vacuum tubes could take very weak
signals and make the signal stronger (amplify it). Vacuum tubes could
also stop and start the flow of electricity instantly (switch). These two
properties made the ENIAC computer possible.
The ENIAC gave off so much heat that they had to be cooled bygigantic air conditioners. However even with these huge coolers,
vacuum tubes still overheated regularly. It was time for something
new.
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Second Generation (1955-1964)The transistor computer did not last as long as the vacuum tube
computer lasted, but it was no less important in
the advancement of computer technology. In1947 three scientists, John Bardeen, William
Shockley, and Walter Brattain working at AT&T's
Bell Labs invented what would replace the
vacuum tube forever. This invention was the
transistor which functions like a vacuum tube in that it can be used
to relay and switch electronic signals.
There were obvious differences between the transistor and the
vacuum tube. The transistor was faster, more reliable, smaller, and
much cheaper to build than a vacuum tube. One transistor replaced
the equivalent of 40 vacuum tubes. These transistors were made of
solid material, some of which is silicon, an abundant element (second
only to oxygen) found in beach sand and glass. Therefore they were
very cheap to produce. Transistors were found to conduct electricity
faster and better than vacuum tubes. They were also much smallerand gave off virtually no heat compared to vacuum tubes. Their use
marked a new beginning for the computer. Without this invention,
space travel in the 1960's would not have been possible. However, a
new invention would even further advance our ability to use
computers.
Third Generation (1964-1975)In this generation computers integrated circuits technology used. Thisgeneration computers are multiprogramming computers. This
\generation computers use high-level languages such as COBOL.
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Fourth Generation (1975-1989)The use of very large integrated circuits has made fourth generation
computers very compact, much less expensive, faster, more reliable
and of much grater processing capacity than third generation
computers.
This generation can be characterized by both the jump to monolithic
integrated circuits (millions of
transistors put onto one integrated
circuit chip) and the invention of
the microprocessor (a single chip
that could do all the processing of
a full-scale computer). By putting
millions of transistors onto one single chip more calculation and faster
speeds could be reached by computers. Because electricity travels
about a foot in a billionth of a second, the smaller the distance the
greater the speed of computers.
However what really triggered the tremendous growth of
computers and its significant impact on our lives is the invention of the
microprocessor. Ted Hoff, employed by Intel (Robert Nonces new
company) invented a chip the size of a pencil eraser that could do all
the computing and logic work of a computer. The microprocessor was
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made to be used in calculators, not computers. It led, however, to the
invention of personal computers, or microcomputers.
Fifth Generation (1989-present)The fifth generation computers gives highest priority to making system that
is easy and natural to use. This generation computers are smaller, lighter,
faster, of grater capacity, more flexible and more reliable.
Classification of computerThe computers are classified in four categories: -
1.Super computer
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These are the most powerful computers made till now. They are made
to process huge amount of data. Many users can access the data at
same time
2.Mainframe computer
The largest type of computers used is mainframes. Mainframe
computers used where people in large organization need frequent
access to same information.
Mainframes are powerful computer used mainly by large
organizations for critical applications, typically bulk data processing
such as census, industry and consumer statistics, enterprise resource
planning, and financial transaction processing.
The term originally referred to the large cabinets that housed the
central processing unit and main memory of early computers. Later the
term was used to distinguish high-end commercial machines from less
powerful units.
Most large-scale computer system architectures were firmly
established in the 1960s and most large computers were based on
architecture established during that era up until the advent of Web
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servers in the 1990s. (The first Web server running anywhere outside
Switzerland ran on an IBM mainframe at Stanford University as early as
1991. See History of the World Wide Web for details.)
3. Mini computer
The easiest way to explain microcomputer is that they are somewhatbetween mainframe and macro computers. The major manufacture of
minicomputers are DEC, data general, IBM etc.
A minicomputer (colloquially, mini) is a class of multi-user computers
that lies in the middle range of the computing spectrum, in between
the largest multi-user systems (mainframe computers) and the
smallest single-user systems (microcomputers or personal computers).
The class at one time formed a distinct group with its own hardware
and operating systems, but the contemporary term for this class of
system is midrange computer, such as the higher-end SPARC, POWER
and Itanium -based systems from Sun Microsystems, IBM and Hewlett-
Packard.
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4. Macro computer
As the name suggests macro computers is very small computer. These
computers are used for specific tasks. These are very small in size so
some time we use these computer but we dont know about these
computers. These types computers are used in DVD, Washing machine
etc.
LAPTOP
They were the first portable and weighted about 28 pounds. Infect they
were called luggables initially. As the size reduced the term also
reduced to laptop. They weight about 10 to 12 pounds. The name
was probably given because they are use keeping it on the laps while
users are on move (in car, in airplane). They have large amount of
internal memory to store hundred of program and documents. They
are equipped with keyboard, a mouse, a track ball and liquid crystal
display (LCD) to display information.
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AIR CONDITIONER
Air conditioning is 20th century phenomenon. The American engineers
who invent an equipment to control temperature. In 1982, wills carrier
built the first air conditioner to combat humidity inside the printing and
textile mills was start of enviourment management. Only one year
after Willis havilland invent the first air (temperature and humidity)
was in operation.
The idea of air conditioning started before a machine was created to
produce the cooling effect desired. The first attempt at building an air
conditioner was made by Dr. John Gorrie (1803-1855), an American
physician, in Apalachicola, Florida. During his practice there in the
1830s, Dr. Gorrie creating an ice-making machine that essentially blew
air over a bucket of ice for cooling hospital rooms of patients suffering
from malaria and yellow fever.
In 1881, when President James Garfield was dying, naval engineers
constructed a box-like structure containing cloths saturated with
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melted ice water, where a fan blew hot air overhead. This contraption
was able to lower a room by 20 degrees Fahrenheit but consumed half
a million pounds of ice in two months' time.
A close ancestor to the modern air conditioner units was first made in
1902 by an American engineer by the name of Willis Carrier. The
machine at that time was called "Apparatus for Treating Air" and was
built for the Sackett-Wilhelms Lithographing and Publishing Co. in
Brooklyn, New York. Chilled coils were used in the machine to cool air
and lower humidity to 55%, although the apparatus was made with
enough precision that the humidity level desired was adjustable.
After the invention by Carrier, air conditioners began to bloom. They
first hit the industrial buildings such as printing plants, textile mills,
pharmaceutical manufacturers, and a few hospitals. The first air-
conditioned home was that of Charles Gates, son of gambler John "Bet
a Million" Gates, in Minneapolis in 1914. However, during the first wave
of their installation, Carrier's air conditioner units were large,
expensive, and dangerous due to the toxic ammonia that was used as
coolant.
In 1922, Carrier had two breakthroughs - he replaced the ammonia
with the benign coolant dielene and added a central compressor to
reduce the size of the unit. The next advance was when Carrier sold his
invention to movie-theater operators, with a notable debut in 1925 at
the Rivoli on Broadway in New York City. In a short amount of time, air
conditioners were installed in office buildings, department stores and
railroad cars. The United States House of Representatives had air
conditioners installed in 1928, with the Senate, White House and
Supreme Court following suit in the years after. After World War II,
window units air conditioners appeared, with sales escalating from
74,000 in 1948 to 1,045,000 in 1953.
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Today, air conditioners have been said to be a partial cause for the
changes in the South, and for most of us who have experienced its
cooling benefits in times of searing heat waves, it is an invention that
is hard to live without.
REFRIGERATOR
The first known artificial refrigeration was demonstrated by William
Cullen at the University of Glasgow in 1748. However, he did not usehis discovery for any practical purpose. In 1805, an American inventor,
Oliver Evans, designed the first refrigeration machine. The first
practical refrigerating machine was built by Jacob Perkins in 1834; it
used ether in a vapor compression cycle. An American physician, John
Gorrie, built a refrigerator based on Oliver Evans' design in 1844 to
make ice to cool the air for his yellow fever patients. German engineer
Carl von Linden patented not a refrigerator but the process of
liquefying gas in 1876 that is part of basic refrigeration technology.
Improved refrigerator designs were patented by African American
inventors, Thomas Elkins (11/4/1879 U.S. patent #221,222) and John
Standard (7/14/1891 U.S. patent #455,891).
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Refrigerators from the late 1800s until 1929 used the toxic gases
ammonia (NH3), methyl chloride (CH3Cl), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) as
refrigerants. Several fatal accidents occurred in the 1920s when
methyl chloride leaked out of refrigerators. Three American
corporations launched collaborative research to develop a less
dangerous method of refrigeration; their efforts lead to the discovery
of Freon. In just a few years, compressor refrigerators using Freon
would became the standard for almost all home kitchens. Only
decades later, would people realize that these chlorofluorocarbons
endangered the ozone layer of the entire planet.
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OBJECTIVES
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OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
1. To study different electronic and communication device
The main objective of this research is to study the types, nature and usage of these
electronic devices. There are number of electronic and communication devices that we
are use in our daily life and these devices have their different and alternative usage. So it
is necessary to study them carefully.
2. To find how these devices are used effectively by the student
Another objective of this research is to know how we can utilize or use these devices
effectively so they can help us in study. For this purpose we ask student for their
suggestion.
3. to study the effect of these devices on student
Another objective of this research is to find the effect of these devices on student. This
research helps us to find how much student use these devices to increase their knowledge.
In this research we find how these devices affect the student. Student may be using these
devices in positive way or they can also use them negatively. It depends on the thinking
of student.
4. To check the future demand
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Another objective of this research is to forecast the future demand of these electronic and
communication devices. These can done by the student opinion of student about the
future demand of these devices.
RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGYResearch is common parlance refers to a search for knowledge. Once can also define
research as a scientific and systematic search for pertinent information on a specific topic.
In fact research is an art of science investigation.
DEFINITION
The advances learners dictionary of current English lays down the meaning of researchas a careful investigation or inquiry through search for new fact in any branch of
knowledge. REDMAN and MORY define research as a systematical effort to gain new
knowledge.
Research design
The research design is the determination and statement of general research approach of
strategy adopted for the particular product. It is the heart of the planning which the designadheres to the research objected which will ensure that the need will be served.
Descriptive adoptive has been followed in the study as it is invested to produce accurate
descriptive of various relevant to the decision faced without demonstrating that some
relationship exits with the variable. It is used to measure the behavior variables of people
of subject who are under the study.
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Area of the study
The area of the study is student study in Jalandhar, Amritsar, Pathankot and Chandigarh.
In this research we survey on 30 MBA/BBA, 20 MCA/BCA, 1O BHM, 5 AIRLINES, 10
B.ED AND 25 B.A student.
Methods of data collection
A questionnaire used as data collection pool the researcher interviews the respondents.
Respondents in the questionnaire filled information.
Primary data
The primary data has been collected by conducting dire interviews using structured
interview using structured questionnaire.
Secondary data
The secondary data are collected from books, journals, company records and internet.
Analysis
Analysis is done on the basis of sample percentage and statistical analysis.
Sampling technique
There are two sampling technique they are probability sampling, non probability
sampling. In this study research had adopted convenient sampling.
Sampling size
Sampling size taken in the study is 100 respondents.
Statistical tools used
Simple percentage analysis
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The percentage method is used for comparing certain feature. The collected data
represented in the forms of tables and graph in order to give effective visualization of
comparison mode.
DATA INTERPRETATION
AND
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ANALYSIS
Q1. What type of electronic and communication equipment you use?
Table-1
ResponseNO OF
RESPONDENTS
% OF
RESPONDENTSTelevision 30 17.24%
A.C 08 4.60%
Computer 22 12.64%
Laptop 24 13.79%
Mobile 34 19.74%
Refrigerator 06 3.45%
Above all 50 28.3%
TOTAL 174
GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION
Graph-1
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Interpretation:-
The above graph shows that:
Majority of the respondents i.e. 50% says that they use all
type electronic and communication devices like television,
A.C, computer, laptop, mobile, refrigerator etc. These
devices are play important role in people life.
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Q2. How many electronic and communication equipment/device are you
using?
Table-2
RESPONSENO OF
RESPONDENTS
% OF
RESPONDENTS
1 to 3 items 26 26%
3 to 5 items 17 17%
5 to 8 items 21 21%
more than 8 items 36 36%
TOTAL 100
GRAPHCAL REPRESENTATION
Graph-2
Interpretation:-
The above graph shows that:
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Majority of the respondents i.e. 35% says that they use
more than 8 electronic and communication devices in their
daily life. This graph also shows that 26% people use at
least 1, 2 or 3 devices.
Q3. Which is most important device for you?
Table-3
ResponseNO OF
RESPONDENTS
% OF
RESPONDENTD
Television 15 13.76%
Computer 15 13.76%
Laptop 43 39.45%
Mobile 21 19.27%
All above 15 13.76%
Any other 00 0.0%
TOTAL 109
GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION
Graph-3
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Interpretation:-The above graph shows that:
Majority of the respondents i.e. 39.45% feels that laptop is
important device for them. Also 19.27% people feels that
mobile is important device for them. It also says that
13.76% people use computer and 13.76% people use
television.
Q4. How these devices are helping you?
Table-4
Response No. of Respondent Percentage of RespondentFor time pass 23 14.84%
For entertainment 44 28.39%
Increase the
knowledge
64 41.29 %
Increase the
efficiency
24 15.48%
Total 155
GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION
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Graph-4
Interpretation:-
The above graph shows that:
Majority of the respondents i.e. 41.29% feels that thesedevices help them to increase knowledge. 28.39% people
use these devices for entertainment. 15.89 people think
that these devices help them to increase their efficiency.
Only 14.84% people use these devices for time pass
Q5. How you feel these devices affect your life?
Table-5
Response No. of Respondent Percentage of RespondentPositively 47 47%
Negatively 2 2%
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Both 51 51%
Total 100
GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION
Graph-5
Interpretation:-
The above graph shows that:-
51% people say that these devices affect them both in positive and negative way.
49% people say that these devices affect them positively.
Only 2% people say that these devices affect them negatively.
Q6. If positively, then how they help you?
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Table-6
Category No. of Respondent Percentage of RespondentTo improve
communication skills
14 14%
To increase knowledge 20 20%
Both 67 66%
Any other 01 1%
Total 102
GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION
Graph-6
Interpretation:-
The above graph shows:-
36% responder says these devices helping them to
improve communication and knowledge.
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The graph also shown that most of people use devices use these devices to
increase the knowledge.
Q7. If negatively, then how?
Table-7
Category No. of Respondent Percentage of Respondent
Money wastage 29 34.5%Wastage of time 27 31%
Disturbing study 26 30%
Any other 04 5%
Total 86
GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION
Graph-7
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Interpretation:-
The above graph shows:-
34% respondents said that these devices are very costly so they are moneay
wastage.
While 31% respondents said that they are only a time wastage.
And yet other 30% people believe that these devices affect the study.
Q8. Do you think these device effect the study?
Table-8
Response No. of Respondent Percentage of RespondentAgree 83 83%
Disagree 8 8% Cant say 9 9%
Total 100
GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION
Graph-8
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Interpretation:-
The above graphs shows that:-
83% student says that the use of these devices effect
there study.
Only 8% people believe these devices effect there
study.
9% people cant able to say to say that how these
devices effect them.
Q9. If agree how does it affect the study?
Table-9
Response No. of Respondent Percentage of Respondent
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Constructive 27 29%Destructive 05 5.32%Both 52 55%Cant say 10 11%Total 94 5%
GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION
Graph-9
Interpretation:-
The above graph shows that:
Out of 94 respondent 555 think that these devices effect there study in bothconstructive and destructive way.
And yet other 5% respondents said that they dont know whether these
devices affect the study in constructive or destructive way.
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Out of 100 respondent 34% think that these devices effect them constructive
way because these devices helping them to increase knowledge. And 32% people
think that these devices helping them for exposure.
Q11. If destructive then how?
Table-11
Response No. of Respondent Percentage of Respondent
More time consuming 28 42%Over exposure 5 8%Complex to use 29 44%Any other 4 6%
Total 66
GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION
Graph-11
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Interpretation:-
The above graph shows that:
Out of 100 respondents 44% respondents believe that these devices are
complex to use.
43% respondents believe that these devices are more time consuming.
Q12. How you feel your study without usage of these devices?
Table-12
Response No. of Respondent Percentage of Respondent
Pleasant 16 16%
Unpleasant 62 62%
Cant say 22 22%
Total 100
GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION
Graph-12
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Interpretation:-
The above graph shows that:
Most of the respondents 62% feel that study without
usage of these devices is unpleasant.
Yet 16% respondents who that study without usage of these devices ispleasant.
And 22% respondents dont know whether without the usage of these
devices there life is pleasant or unpleasant.
Q13. What do you feel about the future demand of these devices?
Table-13
Response No. of Respondent Percentage of Respondent
Increase 79 79%
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Decrease 1 1%
Cant say 20 20%
Total 100
GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION
Graph-13
Interpretation:-
The above graph shows that:
Majority of the respondents i.e.79% agree with that the demand of these
devices in future is increase.
Yet 20% respondents people say that the future demand of these devices
are decrease.
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LIMITATIONS
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LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
It is said that, Nothing is perfect and if the quite is true, I am sure
that there would be few short coming in this project also . Sincere
efforts have been made to eliminate discrepancies as far as possible but
few would have reminded due to the limitations of the study. These are:
Limited Scope
The scope of this research study is limited to 100 respondents ofPunjab.
Ambiguous Replies
A few respondents gave ambiguous replies for certain questions or omitted
The responses to some of them. The interpretation of such responses becomes
Difficult and could generate wrong results.
People were hesitant to disclose the true facts. It is only for short period of time.
The survey is based on convenience of the researcher.
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FINDINGS
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FINDINGS
I have found that all the respondents of Punjab which covered under my study
are well aware about the use of electronic and communication equipment.
Majority of the respondents i.e. 50% says that they use all type electronic and
communication devices like television, A.C, computer, laptop, mobile,
refrigerator etc. These devices are playing important role in people life.
I found that more than 75% respondent use more than 3
electronic and communication device in their life.
From the finding it came out that most of the respondents i.e. 34.5% consider
laptop as most important device for them.
From the finding it came out that most of respondents i.e.
41.29% feel that these devices help them to increase
knowledge. 28.39% people use these devices for
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entertainment. 15.89 people think that these devices help
them to increase their efficiency. Only 14.84% people use
these devices for time pass
I have found that most of the respondents are considering these devices affect
them positively as well as negatively.
Out of 100 respondents 66 respondents with 66% think that these devices
help them to increase knowledge and improve communication skills.
I have found that out of 100 respondents, 29 respondents think that the
negative point if using of these device are money wasting
Majority of the respondents i.e. 83% said that these devices effect their study
Most of the respondents says that these devices effect there study in
Constructive way.
Majority of the people i.e.62% believe that the studies without the use of
these devices are unpleasant.
Majority of the people i.e.79% believe that the demand of these devices
increase in future.
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SUGGESTIONS
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SUGGESTIONS
The student is the base of every country. A good student helps the
country to grow fast. The foreign country grows fast because there
youth are well educated. They gain bookish knowledge as well as
practical knowledge. They use these electronic and communication
devices in their daily study. By using these devices they increase their
efficiency. In past days in India the students not using these devices for
study purpose. But in this day they start these devices for studypurpose.
Make sure that student must be provided these devices for
use, so they can use them in their study. If students are not
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able to buy them then government can provide these devices
to student.
In India these devices are costly for student to buy. So
government provides finical help to students so they can
buy these devices.
It makes sure that student can use these devices in positive
way only.
The suggestion is that student thinks that these devices are
complex to use. The main reason of this problem is that they
not proper trained to use these devices. So governmentprovides training to students for the use of these devices.
In my study I find that laptop is very important device for
student. So I think laptop may be compulsory for every
student at graduation level.
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CONCLUSION
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CONCLUSIONDuring my study I had done a project on effect of usage of electronic and
communication equipment on student in Punjab. I had learned a lot and
get opportunity to know what student actually thinks and what they want
about to do with these devices. I had done field work and I was in between
the people only. I gain a practical knowledge which I havent got anywhere.
I had used a Questionnaire as a tool through which I had gathered a lot of
information. I fill up 100 questionnaires of student of Punjab state. Under
my study I have covered different courses student to know their view about
effect of usage of electronic and communication equipment on student. I
analyze from my questionnaire that the most of student uses device to
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improve their communication skills and gain knowledge. The students are
gain knowledge from these devices when they are using these devices. I
also found that majority of the respondents think that the studies without the
use of these devices are unpleasantMoreover when I asked from respondents that what you feel the future
demand of these devices would increase or decrease. 79% respondent says
that the future demands of these devices are increase.
All this information will be benefited to the student because I cover all the
positive and negative point about the use of these devices.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS:
GURVINDER SINGD AND RACHPAL SINGH, FUNDAMETAL OF
COMPUTER, Pearson, 2th edition.
Stuart Chase MAN AND MACHINE, The Macmillan Company 1929
Edmund C. Berkeley, John Wiley & Sons, MACHINE THAT THINK , 1949.
S SHARMA, BASIC RADIO AND TELEVISION, Tata McGraw Hill (May-03)
NIRANJAN A,BASIC OF MOBILE COMPUTING, Sapna book house 2006.
P ananthanarayanan,basic refrigeration and air conditioning, tata Mcgraw Hill
(Apr-05)
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JOURNALS:
Brian Winston A HISTORY: FROM THE TELEGRAPH TO THE
INTERNET, TEHELKA, Mar 10, 2009
Trevor I Williams a short history of twentieth-century technology, publishing
year, 1986.
Riordan, M. & Hoddeson, L. Crystal Fire: The Birth of the Information Age.
(New York: W. W. Norton, 1997) .
WEBSITES:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_conditioning
http://www.facstaff.bucknell.edu/mvigeant/therm
_1/AC_final/bg.htm
http://www.allsands.com/history/objects/aircondit
ioning_vsb_gn.htm
http://reviews.cnet.com/laptops/apple-macbook-
air/4505-3121_7-32818756.html
http://www.hitmill.com/computers/computerhx1.h
tml
http://www.computersciencelab.com/ComputerHi
story/History.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_computing
_hardware
ttp://www.ieeeghn.org/wiki/images/5/57/Onifade.
pdf
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_television
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_conditioninghttp://www.facstaff.bucknell.edu/mvigeant/therm_1/AC_final/bg.htmhttp://www.facstaff.bucknell.edu/mvigeant/therm_1/AC_final/bg.htmhttp://www.allsands.com/history/objects/airconditioning_vsb_gn.htmhttp://www.allsands.com/history/objects/airconditioning_vsb_gn.htmhttp://reviews.cnet.com/laptops/apple-macbook-air/4505-3121_7-32818756.htmlhttp://reviews.cnet.com/laptops/apple-macbook-air/4505-3121_7-32818756.htmlhttp://www.hitmill.com/computers/computerhx1.htmlhttp://www.hitmill.com/computers/computerhx1.htmlhttp://www.computersciencelab.com/ComputerHistory/History.htmhttp://www.computersciencelab.com/ComputerHistory/History.htmhttp://www.computersciencelab.com/ComputerHistory/History.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_computing_hardwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_computing_hardwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_televisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_conditioninghttp://www.facstaff.bucknell.edu/mvigeant/therm_1/AC_final/bg.htmhttp://www.facstaff.bucknell.edu/mvigeant/therm_1/AC_final/bg.htmhttp://www.allsands.com/history/objects/airconditioning_vsb_gn.htmhttp://www.allsands.com/history/objects/airconditioning_vsb_gn.htmhttp://reviews.cnet.com/laptops/apple-macbook-air/4505-3121_7-32818756.htmlhttp://reviews.cnet.com/laptops/apple-macbook-air/4505-3121_7-32818756.htmlhttp://www.hitmill.com/computers/computerhx1.htmlhttp://www.hitmill.com/computers/computerhx1.htmlhttp://www.computersciencelab.com/ComputerHistory/History.htmhttp://www.computersciencelab.com/ComputerHistory/History.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_computing_hardwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_computing_hardwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_television -
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http://inventors.about.com/od/tstartinventions/a/
Television.htm
http://www.history.ca/
http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blrefrigerator.htm http://www.experiencefestival.com/refrigerator_-
_history http://www.gizmohighway.com/history/refrigerat
or.htm
http://inventors.about.com/od/tstartinventions/a/Television.htmhttp://inventors.about.com/od/tstartinventions/a/Television.htmhttp://inventors.about.com/od/tstartinventions/a/Television.htmhttp://www.history.ca/http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blrefrigerator.htmhttp://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blrefrigerator.htmhttp://www.experiencefestival.com/refrigerator_-_historyhttp://www.experiencefestival.com/refrigerator_-_historyhttp://www.gizmohighway.com/history/refrigerator.htmhttp://www.gizmohighway.com/history/refrigerator.htmhttp://inventors.about.com/od/tstartinventions/a/Television.htmhttp://inventors.about.com/od/tstartinventions/a/Television.htmhttp://www.history.ca/http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blrefrigerator.htmhttp://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blrefrigerator.htmhttp://www.experiencefestival.com/refrigerator_-_historyhttp://www.experiencefestival.com/refrigerator_-_historyhttp://www.gizmohighway.com/history/refrigerator.htmhttp://www.gizmohighway.com/history/refrigerator.htm -
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ANNEXURE
Questionnaire
EFFECT OF USAGE OF ELECTRONIC AND
COMMUNICATION
EQUIPMENT ON STUDENT
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(Information given by you will kept confidential and use only for research purpose)
Name______________________________________
Age_____________________________
Address_____________________________________
gender___________________________
____________________________________________ Contact
number___________________
College/institute__________________________________________________________
______
(Please tick () your answer in box given against)
Q1. What type of electronic and communication equipment you use?
(A) Television (B) A.C
(C) Computer (D) Laptop
(E) Mobile (F) Refrigerator
(G) Above all
Q2. How many electronic and communication equipment/device are you using?
(A) 1 to 3 items (B) 3 to 5 items
(C) 5 to 8 items (D) more than 8 items
Q3. Which is most important device for you?(A) Television (B) Computer
(C) Laptop (D) Mobile
(E) All above (F) Any other
(specify)___________________
Q4. How these devices are helping you?
(A) For time pass (B) For entertainment
(C) Increase the knowledge (D) Increase the efficiencyQ5. How you feel these devices affect your life?
(A) Positively (B) Negatively (C) Both
Q6. If positively, then how they help you?
(A) To improve communication skills (B) To increase
knowledge
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(C) Both (D) Any other
(specify)_____________
Q7. If negatively, then how?
(A) Money wastage (B) Wastage of
time
(C) Disturbing study (D) Any other
(specify)____________
Q8. Do you think these device effect the study?
(A) Agree (B) Disagree (C)
cant say
Q9. If agree how does it effect the study?
(A) Constructive (B) Destructive(C) Both (D) cant say
Q10. If constructive then how?
(A) To increase knowledge (B) To increase
awareness
(C) Less time consuming (D) much
exposure
(E) All above (F) Any other
(specify)_____________
Q11. If destructive then how?
(A) More time consuming (B) Over exposure
(C) Complex to use (D) Any other
(specify)_________________
Q12. How you feel your study without usage of these devices?
(A) Pleasant (B) Unpleasant
(C) Cant say
Q13. What do you feel about the future demand of these devices?
(A) Increase (B) Decrease (C)
Cant say
Q14. Any suggestion for effective usage of these devices of study?
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_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
____________________________
THANK YOU
FOR HELPING US
Any more detail call 9316480690 or email at