project report on online shopping

8/2/2019 Project Report on Online Shopping

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Project Report on online shopping


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ABSTRACT

The Online Shopping is a web based application intended for online retailers. The main

Objective of this application is to make it interactive and its ease of use. It would make

Searching, viewing and selection of a product easier. It contains a sophisticated search

Engine for users to search for products specific to their needs. The search engine

provides an easy and convenient way to search for products where a user can Search

for a product interactively and the search engine would refine the products available

based on the users input. The user can then view the complete specification of each

product. They can also view the product reviews and also write their own reviews. The

main emphasis lies in providing a user friendly search engine for effectively showing thedesired results and its drag and drop behavior.


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Index

1. Introduction1.1 Goal.......................................................................................................................51.2 Need of the application..........................................................................................51.3 Scope......................................................................................................................61.4 Platform Specifications Deployment....................................................................61.4.1 Hardware Specification.......................................................................................61.4.2 Software Specification........................................................................................6

2. System Requirement Analysis2.1 Information Gathering..............................................................................................72.2 System Feasibility....................................................................................................72.2.1 Economic Feasibility............................................................................................72.2.2 Technical Feasibility............................................................................................8

3. System Analysis3.1 ER Diagram.........................................................................................................8-133.2 Data Flow Diagram.............................................................................................14-16

4. Introduction to .NET framework.17-195. SQL server19-226. Results & Challenges6.1 Challenges..............................................................................................................23

7. Conclusions...............................................................................................................237.1 Limitations...............................................................................................................23


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1. Introduction1.1 GoalShopping has long been considered a recreational activity by many. Shopping

online is no exception. The goal of this application is to develop a web based

interface for online retailers. The system would be easy to use and hence make

the shopping experience pleasant for the users. The goal of this application is

To develop an easy to use web based interface where users can search for

Products view a complete description of the products and order the products.

A search engine that provides an easy and convenient way to search for

products specific to their needs. The search engine would list a set of productsbased on the search term and the user can further filter the list based on various

parameters.

A user can view the complete specification of the product along with various

Images and also view the customer reviews of the product. They can also write

Their own reviews.

1.2 Need of the applicationThere are large numbers of commercial Online Shopping websites offering large

number of products tailored to meet the shopping interests of large number of

customers. These online marketplaces have thousands of products listed undervarious categories.

Problem:

The basic problems with the existing systems are the non-interactive

environment they provide to the users.

The use of traditional user interfaces which make continuous post backs to the

Server; each post back makes a call to the server, gets the response and then

Refreshes the entire web form to display the result. This scenario adds an extra

Trade off causing a delay in displaying the results

A search engine that would display the results without allowing the users to


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Further filter the results based on various parameters.

Use of traditional and non user friendly interfaces that are hard to use

Solution:1) The motive of this Online Shopping Web Application is to allow the user to

playwith the search tool and create different combinatorial search criterion toperform exhaustive search2) Provide Interactive interface through which a user can interact with different

area of application easily.

3) A search engine that provides an easy and convenient way to search forproducts specific to their needs. The search engine would list a set of productsbased on the search term and the user can further filter the list based onvarious parameters.

1.3 Scopey The current system can be extended to allow the users to create accounts

and save products in to wish list.

y The users could subscribe for price alerts which would enable them toreceive messages when price for products fall below a particular level.

y The current system is confined only to the shopping cart process. It can beExtended to have an easy to use check out process.

1.4 Platform Specifications Deployment1.4.1 Hardware Specification

Processor P IV RAM 512 MB or more

Hard disk more than 40 GB Display 16 bit color

1.4.2 Software Specification Operating Environment Win vista/XP Front End-ASP.NET

Back End- Microsoft SQL Server 2008


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2. System Requirement Analysis

2.1 Information GatheringAs the goal of the application is ease of use and to provide an interactiveinterface, extensive research has been done to gain an insight into the needs

andbehaviors of various users.Users can be classified into two types based on their knowledge of the productsthat suits their needs. They can be classified as users who know about theproduct thatwould satisfy their needs and users who have to figure out the product that

would satisfytheir needs. Users who know about the product should be able to find theproduct easily

with the click of a button. Such users can search for the product by using theproductname as the search term. Users who have to figure out the product that would

satisfy their needs could use a search term to find a list of products and thenshould be able to filter the results based on various parameters like product

type, manufacturer, priceplatform supported etc.The users should be able to view the complete specification of the product and

various images at different Zoom levels.To increase the ease of use the user should be able to add a product to the

shopping cart by dragging a product and dropping it in the shopping cart. Auser shouldable to edit the contents of a shopping cart. They should be able to update thequantities of the products added to the cart and remove the products from thecart. The user should be able to remove the product from the shopping cart bydragging the product and dropping it outside the cart.The application can be made interactive by pop up messages when a product

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been dropped in to the shopping cart or out of the shopping cart. The user can

be notified

2.2System FeasibilityThe system feasibility can be divided into the following sections:

2.2.1 Economic FeasibilityThe project is economically feasible as the only cost involved is having acomputer with the minimum requirements mentioned earlier. For the users toaccess theapplication, the only cost involved will be in getting access to the Internet.

2.2.2 Technical Feasibility

To deploy the application, the only technical aspects needed are mentionedbelow:Operating Environment Win vista /XPPlatform .Net Framework

Database SQL Server 2008

For Users:Internet Browser and Internet connection

3. System Analysis

3.1 Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)An EntityRelationship Diagram (ERD) is a snapshot of data structures.ERDs show entities in a database and relationships between tableswithin that database. It isessential to have one of these if you want to create a gooddatabase design. The patterns help focus on how the databaseactually works with all of the interactions and data flows, althoughanother useful tool is a Data Flow Diagram (DFD) which more directly

describes this.Entity Relation Model

EntityRelation Model (ERM) is used to create a data model of asystem and its requirements in a top-down approach. This isfrequently the approach utilized in database design. The diagrams

which emerge from this methodology is called ER diagrams.Structured data is represented by an EntityRelationship Model

(ERM). Entity-Relationship Modeling is the model-generating process.The end-product of the modeling process is an entity-relationshipdiagram (ERD) or ER diagram, a type of Conceptual Data Model or

Semantic Data Model.Important concepts inEntity Relation Model


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An entityis an object that exists and is distinguishable fromother objects. For instance, Larry Beach with S.S.N. 890-12-3456is an entity, as he can be uniquely identified as one particular

person in the universe.

An entity setis a set of entities of the same type (e.g., allpersons having an account at a bank).

An entity set that does not possess sufficient attributes to form aprimary key is called a weak entity set.One that does have aprimary key is called a strong entity set. An entity is represented by a set ofattributes.

y E.g. name, S.S.N., street, city for ``customer'' entity.

y The domainof the attribute is the set of permitted values(e.g. the telephone number must be seven positiveintegers).

Formally, an attribute is a functionwhich maps an entity set intoa domain.o Every entity is described by a set of (attribute, data value)

pairs.o There is one pair for each attribute of the entity set.o E.g. a particular customerentity is described by the set{(name, Harris), (S.S.N., 890-123-456), (street, North), (city,

Georgetown)}.

A relationship is an association between several entities. A relationship setis a set of relationships of the same type.Keys A super keyis a set of one or more attributes which, takencollectively, allow us to identify uniquely an entity in the entityset.

A super key may contain extraneous attributes, and we areoften interested in the smallest super key. A super key for which

no subset is a super key is called a candidate key. A primary keyis a candidate key (there may be more thanone) chosen by the DB designer to identify entities in an entityset.

How to Make Entity Relationship DiagramAn E-R diagram expresses the overall logical structure of a databasegraphically.1.) Use rectangles representing entity sets.2.) Use ellipses representing attributes

3.) Use ellipses representing attributes.4.) Use diamonds representing relationship sets.5.) Use lines linking attributes to entity sets and entity sets to

relationship sets.

ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM:


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SubCategory

Orders Customer

PaymentMode

OrderDetails Product

Feedback

Category

Sub2Category

State

City

Country

CustomerID

FirstName

LastName

Email ID

Username

Password

TeleNo

MobileNo

Address

CityID

StateID

CountryID

PINCode

DOB


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OrderNo

Quantity

ProductNo

TotalPrice

TotalWeight

Orderdetails

FeedbackNo

CustomerId

OrderNo

Issue

Feedback

Feedback

Product

ProductNo

ProductName

ProductCode

SubCatID

Sub2CatID

ProductBrand

CategoryID

Description

ActualPrice

OurPrice

Weight

Savings

ImageFile

SavingPer


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OrderNo

CustomerID

OrderDate

TotalPrice

Discount

PaymentModeId

SentDate

Status

ShippingAddress

ShippingCity

ShippingCountry

ShippingPIN

ShippingState

PaymentModePaymentModeID ModeName

CountryCountryID CountryName

CategoryCategoryID CategoryName

DiscountCouponNo Discount


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SubcategoryCategoryID SubCatID

SubCatName

Sub2CategorySubCatID Sub2CatID

Sub2CatName

StateCountryID StateID

StateName

CityStateID CityID

CityName


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3.2Data Flow Diagram

Figure 3.2: A Context Level Diagram

Figure 3.3: A First Level Diagram


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Figure 3.4: A Second Level Diagram


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Figure 3.5: A Second Level Diagram


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14. Introduction to .NET frameworkThe Microsoft .NETFramework is a software framework that can be

installed on computers running Microsoft Windows operating systems.It includes a large library of coded solutions to common

programming problems and a virtual machine that manages theexecution of programs written specifically for the framework. The

.NETFramework is a key Microsoft offering and is intended to be usedby most new applications created for the Windows platform.

The framework's Base Class Library provides a large range of featuresincluding user interface, data and data access, databaseconnectivity, cryptography, web application development, numeric

algorithms, and network communications. The class library is used byprogrammers, who combine it with their own code to produceapplications.Programs written for the .NETFramework execute in softwareenvironment that manages the program's runtime requirements. Alsopart of the .NETFramework, this runtime environment is known as the

Common Language Runtime (CLR). The CLR provides theappearance of an application virtual machine so that programmersneed not consider the capabilities of the specific CPU that will

execute the program. The CLR also provides other important servicessuch as security, memory management, and exception handling.The class library and the CLR together constitute the .NETFramework.

Version 3.0 of the .NETFramework is included with Windows Server2008 and Windows Vista. The current version of the framework canalso be installed on Windows XP and the Windows Server 2003 familyof operating systems.[2] A reduced version of the .NETFramework isalso available on Windows Mobile platforms, including smart phones

as the .NET Compact Framework. Version 4.0 of the framework wasreleased as a public Beta on 20 May 2009.

The .NETFramework is designed to fulfill the following objectives:

To provide a consistent object-oriented programmingenvironment whether object code is stored and executedlocally, executed locally but Internet-distributed, or executedremotely. To provide a code-execution environment that minimizessoftware deployment and versioning conflicts.

To provide a code-execution environment that guaranteessafe execution of code,

Including code created by an unknown or semi-trusted thirdparty.

To provide a code-execution environment that eliminates theperformance problems of

Scripted or interpreted environments.

To make the developer experience consistent across widelyvarying types of applications, such as Windows-basedapplications and Web-based applications.

To build all communication on industry standards to ensure thatcode based on the .NETFramework can integrate with any


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other code.

Principal design featuresInteroperability Because interaction between new and older

applications is commonly required, the .NETFramework providesmeans to access functionality that is implemented in programs thatexecute outside the .NET environment. Access to COM componentsis provided in the System, Runtime. InteropServices and System.Enterprise Services namespaces of the framework; access to other

functionality is provided using the P/Invoke feature.Common Runtime EngineThe Common Language Runtime (CLR) is the virtual machinecomponent of the .NET framework. All .NET programs execute underthe supervision of the CLR, guaranteeing certain properties andbehaviors in the areas of memory management, security, andexception handling.Language IndependenceThe .NETFramework introduces a Common Type System, or CTS. The

CTS specification defines all possible data types and programmingconstructs supported by the CLR and how they may or may notinteract with each other. Because of this feature, the .NETFramework

supports the exchange of instances of types between programswritten in any of the .NET languages. This is discussed in more detail inMicrosoft .NET Languages.

Base Class LibraryThe Base Class Library (BCL), part of the Framework Class Library(FCL), is a library of functionality available to all languages using the.NETFramework. The BCL provides classes which encapsulate a

number of common functions, including file reading and writing,

graphic rendering, database interaction and XML documentmanipulation.

Simplified DeploymentThe .NET framework includes design features and tools that helpmanage the installation of computer software to ensure that it doesnot interfere with previously installed software, and that it conforms

to security requirements.SecurityThe design is meant to address some of the vulnerabilities, such asbuffer overflows that have been exploited by malicious software.Additionally, .NET provides a common security model for all

applications.PortabilityThe design of the .NETFramework allows it to theoretically beplatform agnostic, and thus cross-platform compatible. That is, aprogram written to use the framework should run without change onany type of system for which the framework is implemented.Microsoft's commercial implementations of the framework cover

Windows, Windows CE, and the Xbox 360. In addition, Microsoftsubmits the specifications for the Common Language Infrastructure

(which includes the core class libraries, Common Type System, and


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the Common Intermediate Language),the C# language,

and the C++/CLI language[9] to both ECMA and the ISO, makingthem available as open standards. This makes it possible for third

parties to create compatible implementations of the framework andits languages on other platforms.

SQL ServerSQL Server is an incredible database management system (dbms). ItOffers an excellent mix of performance, reliability, ease of

administration, and newArchitectural options, yet enables the developer or DBA to controlminute details when desired. SQL Server is a dream system for a

database developer. If theres a theme to SQL Server 2008, its newarchitectural optionsSQL Server 2008 opens several new possibilities

for designing more scalable and powerful systems. A databasemanagement, or DBMS, gives the user access to their data and

helps them transform the data into information. Such databasemanagement systems include dBase, paradox, IMS, SQL Server andSQL Server. These systems allow users to create, update and extractinformation from their database.A database is a structured collection of data. Data refers to thecharacteristics of


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people, things and events. SQL Server stores each data item in its

own fields. In SQL Server, the fields relating to a particular person,thing or event are bundled together to form a single complete unit

of data, called a record (it can also be referred to as raw or anoccurrence). Each record is made up of a number of fields. No twofields in a record can have the same field name. During an SQLServer Database design project, the analysis of your business needsidentifies all the fields or attributes of interest. If your business needs

change over time, you define any additional fields or change thedefinition of existing fields.

SQL SERVER TABLESSQL Server stores records relating to each other in a table. Differenttables arecreated for the various groups of information. Related tables aregrouped together to form a database.PRIMARY KEYEvery table in SQL Server has a field or a combination of fields that

uniquelyidentifies each record in the table. The Unique identifier is called thePrimary Key, or simply the Key. The primary key provides the means

to distinguish one record from all other in a table. It allows the userand the database system to identify, locate and refer to oneparticular record in the database.

RELATIONAL DATABASESometimes all the information of interest to a business operation canbe stored inone table. SQL Server makes it very easy to link the data in multiple

tables. Matching an employee to the department in which they

work is one example. This is what makes SQL Server a relationaldatabase management system or RDBMS. It stores data in two ormore tables and enables you to define relationships between thetable and enables you to define relationships between the tables.

FOREIGN KEYWhen a field is one table matches the primary key of another field is

referred to as a foreign key. A foreign key is a field or a group offields in one table whose values match those of the primary key of

another table.

REFERENTIAL INTEGRITYNot only does SQL Server allow you to link multiple tables, it also

maintainsconsistency between them. Ensuring that the data among relatedtables is correctly matched is referred to as maintaining referentialintegrity.

DATA ABSTRACTIONA major purpose of a database system is to provide users with anabstract view of

the data. This system hides certain details of how the data is storedand maintained. Data abstraction is divided into three levels.

Physical level: This is the lowest level of abstraction at which one


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describes how the data are actually stored.

Conceptual Level: At this level of database abstraction all theattributed and what data are actually stored is described and

entries and relationship among them.View level: This is the highest level of abstraction at which onedescribes only part of the database.

ADVANTAGES OF RDBMSRedundancy can be avoided

Inconsistency can be eliminatedData can be Shared

Standards can be enforced

Security restrictions can be applied Integrity can be maintained

Conflicting requirements can be balanced

Data independence can be achieved.DISADVANTAGES OF DBMSA significant disadvantage of the DBMS system is cost. In addition to

the cost ofpurchasing of developing the software, the hardware has to beupgraded to allow for the extensive programs and the workspace

required for their execution and storage. While centralizationreduces duplication, the lack of duplication requires that thedatabase be adequately backed up so that in case of failure thedata can be recovered.

FEATURES OF SQL SERVER (RDBMS)SQL SERVER is one of the leading database management systems(DBMS)

because it is the onlyDatabase that meets the uncompromising

requirements of todays most demanding information systems. Fromcomplex decision support systems (DSS) to the most rigorous onlinetransaction processing (OLTP) application, even application thatrequire simultaneous DSS and OLTP access to the same critical data,SQL Server leads the industry in both performance and capabilitySQL SERVER is a truly portable, distributed, and open DBMS that

delivers unmatched performance, continuous operation andsupport for every database.

SQL SERVERRDBMS is high performance fault tolerant DBMS which isspeciallydesigned for online transactions processing and for handling large

database application.SQL SERVER with transactions processingoption offers two features which contribute to very high level oftransaction processing throughput, which are The row level lockmanagerENTERPRISE WIDE DATA SHARINGThe unrivaled portability and connectivity of the SQL SERVERDBMSenables

all the systems in the organization to be linked into a singular,integrated computing resource.

PORTABILITY


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SQL SERVER is fully portable to more than 80 distinct hardware and

operatingsystems platforms, including UNIX, MSDOS, OS/2, Macintosh and

dozens of proprietary platforms. This portability gives completefreedom to choose the database server platform that meets thesystem requirements.

OPEN SYSTEMSSQL SERVER offers a leading implementation of industry standard

SQL. SQLServers open architecture integrates SQL SERVER and non SQL

SERVERDBMSwith industrys most comprehensive collection of tools, application,and third party software products SQL Servers Open architectureprovides transparent access to data from other relational databaseand even non-relational database.DISTRIBUTED DATA SHARINGSQL Servers networking and distributed database capabilities to

access datastored on remote server with the same ease as if the information wasstored on a single local computer. A single SQL statement can

access data at multiple sites. You can store data where systemrequirements such as performance, security or availability dictate.UNMATCHED PERFORMANCEThe most advanced architecture in the industry allows the SQLSERVERDBMSto deliver unmatched performance.

SOPHISTICATED CONCURRENCY CONTROLReal World applications demand access to critical data. With most

databaseSystems application becomes contention bound whichperformance is limited not by the CPU power or by disk I/O, but userwaiting on one another for data access. SQL Server employs full,unrestricted row-level locking and contention free queries tominimize and in many cases entirely eliminates contention wait

times.NO I/O BOTTLENECKSSQL Servers fast commit groups commit and deferred writetechnologiesdramatically reduce disk I/O bottlenecks. While some database

write whole data block to disk at commit time, SQL Server commitstransactions with at most sequential log file on disk at commit time,On high throughput systems, one sequential writes typically groupcommit multiple transactions. Data read by the transaction remainsas shared memory so that other transactions may access that datawithout reading it again from disk. Since fast commits write all datanecessary to the recovery to the log file, modified blocks are written

back to the database independently of the transaction commit,when written from memory to disk.


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Results & ChallengesThe application can be used for any Ecommerce application. It is easy to use,since ituses the GUI provided in the user dialog. User friendly screens are provided.Theapplication is easy to use and interactive making online shopping a

recreationalactivity for users. It has been thoroughly tested and implemented.

7.1 Challenges

Compatibility with browsers like Mozilla Firefox, Internet explorer etc Using a layered approach in developing the application which would make the

application maintainable.

8. ConclusionsThe Online Shopping is designed to provide a web based application thatwould make

searching, viewing and selection of a product easier. The search engine

provides an easyand convenient way to search for products where a user can Search for aproductinteractively and the search engine would refine the products available basedon theusers input. The user can then view the complete specification of eachproduct.

8.1 LimitationsThis application does not have a built in check out process. An externalcheckoutpackage has to be integrated in to this application. Also users cannot save the

shoppingcarts so that they can access later i.e. they cannot create wish lists which theycan accesslater. This application does not have features by which user can set priceranges forproducts and receive alerts once the price reaches the particular range.

8.2 Scope for Future WorkThe following things can be done in future.

The current system can be extended to allow the users to create accounts andsave products in to wish list.

The users could subscribe for price alerts which would enable them to receivemessages when price for products fall below a particular level.

The current system is confined only to the shopping cart process. It can be

extended to have an easy to use check out process. Users can have multiple shipping and billing information saved. During

checkout they can use the drag and drop feature to select shipping and billinginformation.


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project report on online shopping

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