project work
DESCRIPTION
project works done by class B - Year 8TRANSCRIPT
1st PROJECT WORK
English in the world
History
• As a result of the Industrial Revolution, the British economic predominance in the 19th century paved the way for a colonialism of large geographical reach that spread the English language in the world.
THE PRESENT SCENE
• Today's search for information and need for
global communication have already
promoted English from being the language
of the American, the British, the Irish, the
Australian, the New Zealand, the
Canadian, the Caribbean, and the South
African peoples to being the international
language .
While portuguese is spoken in 4 countries by approximately
195 million people, English is spoken as a native language
by nearly four hundred million people and has become a
lingua franca, the Latin of the modern world, "spoken in
every continent by approximately eight hundred million
people" (Todd iv).
• In its role as a global language, English has
become one of the most important
academic and professional tools. The
English language is recognized as
undoubtedly the most important
language for the increasingly mobile
international community to learn.
ENGLISH IN THE WORLD
•
ENGLISH
COUNTRIESPopulation
(million)
% of native
speakers
Native
speakers
United States 286 86 246
United Kingdom 59 97 57
Canada 32 63 20
Australia 20 85 17
New Zealand 4 95 3.8
Ireland 4 95 3.8
TOTAL 405 347.6
• English is spoken as first language by more than 370
million people throughout the world, and is used as a
second language by as many, if not more. One in five of the
world's population speaks English with some degree of
competence. It is an official or semi-official language in
over 70 countries, and it plays a significant role in many
more.
An Official Language
countries with significant concentrations of native speakers of English (in all of these
countries English is an official or de facto language of administration)
other countries in which English is an official or important administrative language
• Within a decade, 2 billion people will be studying English and about half the world - about 3 million people - will speak it.
Australian and New Zealand English
• Australian and New Zealand English are very similar in vocabulary and accents, due to their shared history and geographical proximity. Both include words taken from the hundreds of languages that existed in these countries before the time of the European settlers. However, the differences between the two spoken versions is obvious to people from either country.
Brief History
• Australian English began to diverge from British English soon after the foundation of the colony of New South Wales (NSW) in 1788. The settlement was intended mainly as a penal colony. Amongst the first immigrants there were also many free settlers, military personnel and administrators and their families. The first Australian gold rushes in the 1850s resulted in a much larger wave of immigration that also had a significant influence on Australian English.
• Australian English generally follows British English in vocabulary and spelling, although many North American words are used. It also has many words that some consider unique to the language.
• For example billabong, means a dead-end
channel extending from the main stream of a river,
a streambed filled with water only in the rainy
season or a stagnant pool or backwater.
• Though New Zealand lies over 1,200 miles away, much of the English spoken there is similar to that of Australia. Among few differences between Australian and New Zealand English, several of them show the influence of Māori speech and also some Scottish influences in their accent, particularly in the southern regions of the South Island – a result of the large number of early Scottish settlers who arrived in the 19th century.
Some types of new Englishes
• The new English-speakers aren't just passively absorbing the language. They are shaping it, arising an interesting event: the blend of two names of languages in one, which forms a new name for that new language. This blending is called portmanteau. Some examples of portmanteaus from names of languages are:
• Englog (or Enggalog)= English + Taglog (spoken in the Philippines)
• Japlish = Japanese + English
• Hinglish = Hindi + English
• Spanglish = Spanish + English
•
•
• You don't need long arms to embrace the world; you need English.
•
Mariana 8ºB Nº18
•
• I hope you enjoyed !!!!!!!!!
2ND PROJECT WORK
Work done by :
Raquel Lopes Nº21 8ºB
Rita Canha Nº22 8ºB
Canada
Australia
UnitedStatesofAmerica
Great Britain
Guyana
NewZealand
Ireland
SouthAfrica
India
Pakistan
Namibia BotswanaNigeria
PapuaNewGuinea
Zimbabwe
Liberia
Philippines
Great Britain
London
United States ofAmerica
Washington
Australia Canberra
Guyana Georgetown
Ireland Dublin
NewZealand
Wellington
Canada Ottwa
Liberia
SouthAfrica
Monrovia
Pretoria
India New Delhi
Pakistan Islamabad
Philippines Manila
Nigeria Abuja
Botswana Gaborone
Namibia Windhoek
Zimbabwe Harare
Papua NewGuinea
PortMoresby
• This work was a new experience, because we had never done a work in English, but yet we liked the experience.
In it we just had to identify some countries where the English language is spoken and with this work we learned some more. As for the capitals we already had a vague idea but now we are sure.