projet de fin d'etudes · 2011. 1. 20. · republique du senegal l:cole polytechnique de thies...
TRANSCRIPT
REpUBLIQUE DU SENEGAL
l:COLE POLYTECHNIQUE DE THIEs
PROJETDE
FIN D'ETUDES
Titre AL1MEJ~UAIlQ.N"-· _
-..EllE8.lL2.O.IABL.E 0E PA L0__
-------
.Auteur , BR AH' MA.-B ..._SOW
------Génie CI 'lU=:....--__
Date _J~3~ _
ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE bE THIES
PRO} ET t>E FIN b'ETU bES
ALI MENTATIONEN EAU P01A&LE bE PALO
AUTEUR: lBRAHIMA BOCAR SOW..
MAI l'3ca3
~es tt;~ Ich~ 1'QJl(!n~ 10UA l etWl. ~DU1itl\.
rl\UlNifo'lllle. ~~ GU. l~~ J.(! (\lI~ b!u.de~.
Reme'Cieme~
de. -li e.MA tw.~ cl) al.o,J là vmv..c.ie\. "'lm";e.v. ehrilkll~
RlI'\AAl~ew. ~ro feA'~ (~ J' E. P.1 ~"...x ~Cl ~~" 01" cLl .
r"..~l;{/ ~D'U~ ClO.A< ~S ,e\.. ~. ~tuJ.p.
cl # )\.Q,WI M.c.< • ~ ~" e. LU V-<.\- l\.. \1oJ\ c.J 'l.hü ~ ~
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I1ll'11\ .
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j e Tleu.< QA. e\ • e..+l.\. -\.~e.s ),. ~ '(l'n \.\~ or' lM' en..\
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SOMM~lRE
ia ff.'jenfe. (e'tud" '" f~ o6~eI- .e'aeil1\e.t~a.t'~ e....., eCU{ olu
!V'i ~ea oP otJ, rat, eJ a..u.hes.
Les ~r,""'''''l1ru r fQl ~ )0 "") ot..,,,, <!M.\- I.l.lu>. pO rJa-{.·:J"\1 b.~cU
l'tV! th ). ~o~ ha.~~""\A.~5 ~J \"\'u. ct..e~~eJ olt .2 384 ~""LLf]
ti"'f( ..~h ... c--tutC!l e.e..s~aM~e\ il" no'WlUe.....\- e.-- -"<tA Q'<.>f" fi",a.ir.f
~ ,e&u.", eP/1M.O, .eJ,lu'I A.s !'~'rP. !.& U>1 som HAQ.-tA -.,... e... «A.u
IN>. l'h1.ie.-w FtUf'C\A... .9>~ .Mii..,.~'~ ,c. 30.f,·(rE'1 -F ~WMU l2.J
~ ~I' Ill, ~ ~ ~ns, ;. 35 .elte.,.
&. ()",",-YC-> oll"'-l:~'ol1\ri~"'ew. .........Y -h!- 0 ~t::SP [Jai-I : ~ Càri~
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Pet\O'H..e'M et ).L~ ~"'fv"hu..L et .210 l'tl. SN- ~'lr;t ~I- ,?>fillA.l'<,
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~. ,.LW 't"l>"U--t .. ~J.Hh <> SlI'l& -tA.. ~ -fa CR • L" ~i~ cA.J, J,ühi
~t.-~ 1\"""'; ~.(>. ~~ ,; f-'-t,." olu f*" &'" +O'J., i;~
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k 90fCft~ er 4UcO fa< /Anr..,nl,a... -I-~/, "t vtc...·( aMftuJi,""e...t
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TABLE bE~ MATIE"RE's
?Qâ~
InhoducbOl1 -1.
r [hl.de <k. mili eu. "3
If Exa""I!" ~ I!--I be.~ D\n~ 5
][~1 SibJ."h:.n\ aduâ& c4l' ~~t\l.n"i"\II"'ewe..J .tIA eau 1
[. t CrnP""INl.t'JI'\ ~Jl,t~ ~
TL."3 RJIaA.t."b·~ k ~ de.w<....olD r loc<:l;~,,' ....-1"3
JI[ Ca v Cl cl-•• j ~ '\.. ~uo clu ê.<I ;\"1lI. - 1 a. ...ael--..·.iSt.·"..U.... c:l» la \IIQ.~~e
Ji[. t ~re J» f>'a~..N Pr ..\ato.kM ~ \1~tuo\Q ~ l'cur~ v\\-_ ~y 0Ô!..t
II·' C.Q~rad~
'@. t A.-JJ.uct'~
Ij, ~ R..\ ecU-' ~ .:td hi bLl.b·n\
1: calcul o\~ la. di.,-!Ti 6u. ~i no.
j - 1 1.ntr" eU.. eb 'JlI
"i. 2. 0<1 c..J tlu {pu... J1li r
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:2ï OI"~an.t's ..h'JlI du f.(J71I~~ 31
iii· .-f Il\ h c> c:ll.l ch'Jloot ~ l-
YI. l ~Yet d». t~o~e '5 '6
1û- '"3 ~p'~erltlina~i"" J, Pa ~a.Jr04t ...~&<.>u.u'~I''r'' UJD ~9
Yl.4 C~.ri~ Jw W'IlU~" c.' (lMoIl\'la", cl4.\.. 4 r
Y1l PI~n, f-coJi llT\ JQ & O\'Ùse !lM OOI.II\e
VII:- -i W3'ftt...n~ Je 1'''~lIelbISeM'',,"~
YR-l C~Clr~e ''''H C-m50rnm .. ~cw. ....
Al1l1e ll'f. :. l<l.ù.' +0 ~o ~'" ~~l..U> oU.. -.;fe
Bibu',) 'ôra ~hie.
49
5"0
lNTRODUCTION
hw(l.~~ L' Q.~~{~"~ ~ uW> cJl."aÜ.1d\'\.~~ ~ CçnJ..iti~
~ .ne ~ cmÀ e.eu 'f'W'" Cl<\, JI' flO-U. e.nI4t "tM li' }JA4 " .....UA e~ .R..6frir
~ s. or-' JI f\" t&\M. Y\ eNI.~ ,b, f~al'V>.
le. ~éM~l?t..l, CAJl.ac~"'r;l': \M ~ ~~~ ~bomqtu:e CWla.P
""'~\"" J~ t ~WA~r à ola.uJ; J' ~ce. HC~~ =~ l!MJIlA..~
~ ~a.\'\cl~ ~üe.uJ.rwX•. e.... R.Au (XJurùXoU\'I~. L '",.. ~I.;h~"Ln,
~J.;c..'I/.Ul" J" CL-tl-" f\lU\11W\te t,syn.rh llu'lieu.o "L0/i.IAJa.
~Ûj .et \QArY\Q} La IMAJ'tv. .,-aleu-t- .::h tA CAm~a'?Jrle t".1.0. e-u'a,1";M d 'act.~~pj "'ôtiCo&' ,,~ CS'\hi~~a a': \J,:G.~
v....t.~ ;... M,i"D(U.\ J-J, V"it cha. """""cL ~~; iM ~iue..·
eeJ 'euo,,\q j\.U)\a.\ ~ll. ~ti\o'Q' a.u 6~",,,'~",,, ~'..l.lW lMlTlSCuoc.
~b f.lA-' hp k, ~~ .
Si t'.\,h~.....t"1l"" JJ 11-eau el .il ~ te-' UA. Q. lin' le.. J.; J W i ~'c..et.{. 'ü\-\ ll'\1"L
~ 1 ni ~'e.u. ~I. -f" {hUl-i1<-\ ~ ~ *ec~~~ j-d:6;Jf?éJ ki;
:l~~ à-ro f.c.:GIL<~ a.-\k\YV\.;\f?'@.1 f'4 /" MJ~; (el ",fi,_
t-.n.~ ~~~"~l ,k'J~ ~~r.. crc..•.J ...'~ ~l'I\Tat'6(~ "-'Un
~ ~e~ .eu. l:<tW\ ~a ~~ .l\llU /.6 CA.1t.JY\ /lA. """,€.lev ~eu..
(\'eu)Q.c.. ~\,.... ~ ('N'~r".
11'> ~.r.ue.,J. 00 ~ Pae, ~duJ ~e(u'(C4f.'-f 4.". ~-./.:rit ~ 1J
~a.~C' ~a.e;lt' -\aA CV\.i~_ 5"''''-'80.1 ...... Aw\ ,)'381. eJ. otô"' ....l
(rfIt li. ('.....1 e... ..le.;~o.u.\C' jJN. ~y·de.-\- 01' ~v--u'~e..LU eA...J- J-u ~a.
~(' ~c-...r ~ ~ Jo'~~ ~t;IA.~ j ~ ~'r,' f. f- ~·~e.
ht f.nJ-, "'.lie/e.«c#, .R' n.~(.nf4iAirtI cA..u ~ra3~ MA jw-r ~J;lr~
..j
~,'~~f'~ Mè"-U ri' riQ l\l9 ~c<>u-VI.J ~ k K,.~~ ~~
La. ~,,',\ ~(> ~ tuJ" ~ t~~<'? ~ \\o.Q.'we. .....teJJ 0,... Cl.<.. .c!.A.v.
t0\-...l.,le olt P"b 1 IV' ~1C1M.\· c:. ~t.·r ch. .fo'(a.~ .. e<4,' 0\.'_
hcw..\- i JL U!l\ Yi.,~e ) Q.\'l:S J' /1Tt>, euc.h 'iT\'\ alu. O'tu' e..'l!A.l, ~
t. IW Cf>~ut\ m J 1 )AM ru '1 e.a..u .,t, Ji.5 \N.'~\:t :r.- ol",,-~ (p. rIa 14'
f·ceJ:,.", J,."'\- t~f estY\~~" clu (IrW<>'W J" t0rJI!"Jj'UW\A,ur tlIo>\r.. AA,......:L'"'" 1 h CA ~(1 ",' ~c>' J.u rYa0'" (ID 's e-u 01 fa {tn.l 1
ct.\..L ('f'Nl\M ~ rob\G!lu.u J.» ~ C..lVI~'ilV'\\I\M.:\c'~ ~t.'~_
~ \ c:w.-r{G! J Q,"'-O'Y\Cl. ~ eu.1 e.....h ~ 'tvJèr~ VIQ'cUo\tt..ile4 fe"UA u. ~'0",
.Qo~~fZ-We.wr ~ )'''~ic.Jt:ûr<.> J(}.)..lJ\}J.AAA ~ h, ~iCUJ~~'
luu\- y,',u\-ce tu- ~ ~,..".ld),.. ~."
,",
1 ETUDE eu MILIEU
Stlué.o. J..l~ .Ji~lÙllf J., t~~hB lA»- l"t\o1"J d.o ~C\J\(t J., Ihi~, 1t .n~Q. Gl? tA, l'Jo ~ ~ ,J"Mt' ~_
\.itu~ et, ~Q.u~etWl ~~&ut~~ ~lW~~ ~ D1A (l\I.IÎ~
é~r'e' 5 ,e", ,l.LlV\ ~ pw.rve~ .~ ~ ;.. ~. Ji.\~a.u CP Je""hl~, 1i~~\.IY\e, la", _Law a-\-- 'l{a1\~. RO~GlI.IJ.
de 1IÂ~ ~ JlJaL;rt\M~~ fea.~ GU)(!'- t. \AAJ~" ça.
.J- RA' &la FeL·~e., ~in~, JtA.~ c:aAac~~~'~ etuCYt\~f ~ \ri~. ~ ~~ u\- ~~II-W~ ('MaAlW' ~A rus~u of~ '?,tuAdL ~i)u-Llnl kdecu.t ~_tt·fle..me-t'l-~ h~u.~" k cm~l~ eX u>rr~tn'Jc:u...r ~ lla.~ciel\_
{'fit ~w pl \(!.1(t~~~~ ~ ~~~tk~e\ et ~w..L.~.
~ rkoe' to füW~ ~Iu·~ .u.. C\~\\~e. J~r1f. Q,. r~~ ck..
~tuQ.tiü'f\ ...lu .n.Ql~p_
iA lL-trlltl , ~~e..t\(1."'-\- IA- le. '0"""1' ~hl'~è.tItle 1 .eM CAIlac.
b'rise~ r ~ et·W\~~ ~~ )\Udf?i k ~~, k rewl<!~e a. r\'\e G.l1\ MtN j .uMÎ k ~ Jt~"tctt~ eacis-
k~e ~ ~ ~"''' J' e~·\\e..u.l. Q-~ ·oL btlo bab! .
~ ~/'UfatÏnl l '" 'Ûhlt.ie 5~t~Ye ~ ..t l'9"fk, ol.)'titt ~J,.tfcuJ'i ~ ~ CAAaeh~"iJeD tu-- ~ ~~p.€~r'aL~ ~e-u ~ "'~ ~rH\\A~~~ _ UA.. ~\.~ ~~
&., ~UAe. !>~ ....Y\c. w.tM.c..:J&I.Ua.u.lr d.. l' t'~~t .
('tl~ricJb.trt> pJ. k ~ ~u k kJn~c..u.~.
:3
k~~ )' ~4-\.~G.Ql1 "I\Q,. ~ttL~w ~ cuMure ~lt. ~e
Q..~ 0\# \' cwc-c\uolE' - ~l!M. J~ }JMJ ~l\1V ~'. Ct. lldk~
,t.. r~eJ..-~ ..ri\- ÂJ ~ U'MM"~ .J.·S oJ:.;'T>\ ~ tttN'f\J,-, Jm..~ )' e4{~~oJ.~ ~ ~Cf' cw. ~~ J'A.niI.
-l' .:.Q.wc.~t ~ ~'" ,M- tv; tt'\OM J.u. -
4
1 EXAMEN bEC) P.:>ESOINS
T~~ <t' lWle.->l.\imn ~ AU ch't tre -r, Â ~+t-'\U.9 d1~'Wl(l<
u~ kir ~sfAÙe 1P. ,d€A.UCUAJ.. cL F'wM ~crJ'_
k', f~ ~ cmn~ e~~~) L; ~ ~ p-u.h·~. ~yt el;:.kW~ ~ hl\~hJ;tMh .tJ-- -tu; CL'" Ov\ cl.: f.lR . SM,
! fR(l'-~ll-Q.U ~-l~nl'~ ~.e.Qa.6~ J., rat, à1~r,s~.
J"nY\ ok ~~. L~ J\~l\~ Jt fnllj eJ. L';lss ~'r ~fuf'S
d~ ~ ~û 4u~e ).Uu ,J.i{f-'~LC dl~lü~ o..tru)ci~
f"- U-~\- aux ~e\'t\,ie,U -k€ f1 l'Mm\~e' tv" ~ \'~:
tofoero. ~\-u.~ .
PrJUJ\- )1~'W\~~ ~ trorDtti'~ ~ et·~~&Vr\S ch.kwt- ~cU: Le- ~ea.t.t Ro~~a.9 ~ JG. sht's_h~ o.t)..lU. {eUt..CR.lu~r ~etu~ ~ N'New-. br~
.A~ ~~ FM b .r\.QQa.~vns etUl- o-.,~LUe • f~ k~M k ro~ ~ o.Ao~te-(~ ~ t"eceu(.c!l.~~~
cu, ~ c.oJI.C).Cr~ d~r- ok F k t'st, ~'e( tel ~'il•. <YunM offre dl' -ftife la. '(e'tMt·O~ ~:t,
Ji#, teJreo ~ abt~ ,t; ca.QA.'s .
k .s~J~~YV\e ~ Cn'l\~"v\r elt'\-- r~r ~lJÏr ·1l"Wle'.
J;I1Jemeh\~ rMCÙ\ ~. ;J) b\~ f~u-n~(~ A~
711\M fJun cL Pc.. f0fu~'ifY1 ~ .Pa ~& r;b'
rJ\Q ek etW-\a~,. ~ ti€Mc(ri1M ~,Ùt..&1· C-cf'I1Irle ab;
fRuc.hAcJ.ÙS't\-\ ete A ~ttt·il\o\ ~~ J' l1~e'l\e\dewGUI:;-
~(.s ~b~. I:f"'ttl-- Q1'\ mU~'etl 1WAne~ akf~ef~
5
~ ;", rlP.rifn'a"'M l)!-lu y~o~ cL ~~~ cU '{)a~.
~ec Le. eb.·ù~~~~~ p.etuJ) ~ c.a"'re.ôtle,) ~('M'I.4 tM..i~eKil'l\l> ~ b ~n.frdAhu.e..tof~ )..t.\\.\'iUewe....~
ti. )lMP s!cot ./I.-\--)JM. ~h~ ~o~ .
A-uE.( 1a ~C("':t.d~1 ~'.eau pUs.t>l\i~, cd:tf ~iude hSl
F" ~ ~~l!.\. JJ l' ~ni fja.t.O\ hie... ~ Cf· Ct' /'Hi fl\)\~o.Q ~ i: ~ ~. ~01AJt«Jr- ~ rr~UI7l"l s çe/tuVI le. c.rn du hzm ).t llA .s of.,J,~ :.. CQ fto,
1&'me.
Mt1UA t'IID f"'~ootllY'n~ ~ ~~4~~ 01' ~"frA4huctLrec;.r ~ rO~Qct'~ urnhQ )'~"'C«IcL'E'. t{~ ~inwJ$
~'Jtl\ IÎMcaulie r' ~ ~MJe ACU<.1 A ha1JdaliJll1W ~~~ lM Q.AA-l· /'l'Yl~hù.J.,t ~ le.. r~o.t ÎS1-I .
6
1I.. - --1. Situo.bon 4d.UJ.e~ Je ~)a.HlOIli~~hem en\-
~\1 .eau .
t; rrob~m" JI' ~I~a.u ,dtL"~ ~ lJ\Q!o~ e.Jr ~')lrJe cara~Je
ae:u.ité. ri' 0. ~m~\-u1~ ~ .Q.dU. ~ {aA~ I!.-\-'I en" ~ ~M'\.à
dQ ~b ti,,,J.it.l.ml'\ePs. rf8W\~ lI.eCe.v.Cf' ~ .oli#'r~h
fvin~$ c\)eAU e~ t\tcnM oI.,n \'\U\'\s .cletlV, ,& fcJQoo.-u rwS{Û~ ~ coJ1AelQ'li~t~a.
-1
~
3
4
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bou~ou
Lo!os
Pony
Nioeo». "iéJlJm~_hi'fie ~ 9 if4.i ss
35, ':lm
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4,211"\
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ftU'l..ItP J'er.~~Q.h~
6 mois
1 Poinb d' ea.u Q~.I~k.\1bl
5eu.e~ lA" rw~~ dl' Lo~s e!- Pony Q~sute\,\\- unel.:b..+
.tl1\rOt~C1\'\~ renolcuJ {-rru.~e t) CH'Wlee. En p~ri odç d''Q'6W:~
~e cl.rnc. ~ hJn~(Uth 0\" PAl1 J"sl:evlde-tl~ d rus e..... 0111'
J '.eau. Le pu.i.b, 01.. Pony ot'!.1lAU lU\S~ l' <J.e..\TIert~"J;~ dl'~DU~ ~ che.~~J, ~ c.nn ~ri~ cJw ~ ~Mir~_
L'ecw dt C4A ru~s Ol\~ ~C1A 01(' ~n(' 'fl~t:.Ert e~1-
~es ~~ J,'umoeAh .Q.-~ l't\~ ~~ F L' o\,'~e~ d '.01'1 ~~etQlI.
Les be~ilins dçm~hlf4e.J QJl1\Â~~ ea-iMi ~ ~Y1e I~ ~lrl? ~:s
fai~s, .la c.lt.Qhnç l'McVta.Âck~e m'~~ fa4 f\~<tu~e. .
11. . .2 (onsomml:ùi Ol\ cA~l\1es b":te
][ .2. ~ E~hl11l\lim. cl. ~ t~~lo.h:lll h.uI11CltI1€ °
Q) hOl\ne~$ ~ B~S"
5~ t ~ea.u Rf'~;mG.O ,cL ! S!alAshcru p~ "Tltiù iUIv.
tu:I\lWI. J.' ~o~~°m wi o-a..u.\1' :
LOCAlite' ~ece."'c.elT\et\~ e", ~b tsfimaiirh en '61
PaL, bia\ 5~'5 halr;-hnb 603 haililal\h
Pa.L" 'fcru3" ~ b 13 4-.24 '1
Toh:ll 'B ~4" .AD l.~
f(~ Mo~eYül1$ """"ici fla.eo ~"e J.(>'~~e ~ tc,,~~e"5 d{'l'Jo ~cJ <m~me, Soucla(\.", e~ h01A~D1A. r~lo '(OU8tl d"\I".
%",e Lo!o~ rJ- i'on~.
b) Rl!C&YICDmen~ tt NINe.n\bl"e.. A'8lo
Q r.(~ceme.tl.\ - ~ l'/IG\M a.e\.o~~eVOl\~ f"' [,. ClAÜol\S ~~ce.Q!>
au ~"~~~e f'héRJ0\'\.L Cl. ol~\'\e' tu ~f'SUUa.~5 s.u.l~\'\.~s:
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P""" ~a.1: ~ODPalo : 560 hab d:ml 50u c1QQl1 : ) 2g
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. Sut le rlal\ ~~b~o.D Ol\ ,u1°Q.·s" 'O"'~rcJr\.Uu...,\- ).1.\.\ tCUA. X
ko.((.\ri!>~e.M~~ ~f'OV\'I~k''fU oh .2, 'Il %. lr. lI'lI.Î~lV..I. ~J
c.eteMJ~. ~'1J\'\ ~\ ~~che )1.'1\ t~ f~ ~~ .~~ )\./:ti~ ~\)"lVI\hA :
- Lo. cm\ll\at\l2' ~~ ~t..vQ~ J..u ~~ ~ rmC\.l.oU,)eu~ ~ Cçt\clik
G'M .J12 \Wly\~'.
_ L' ,"",Jo \uxe;J ul t\i ~V\\~(>.
e-.~~~ ~ ~ ~ f..de.u.t~, ~ reN'\oI~ ;.u. iBllYJt.),~1..
Le: rYQ~,d;'Dn d~ ~ rOfUQa..~~ ~~~ ~Y\u F fa ~~p" : Po (,) of- . yt cltt\4 k~Jt{'
Pn • ~o ruea.b Ol\ ut'm et d~ IY\ tll\'I ~e.1 .
Po : ., d 1~lIner ciD r/p re.t1Ce
/YI ~btE' J 'éll1l1ee..s
). : t<W.;{.. d' (\c.CJ\a'i!>sQ.met\~ ~~Ol'll~l:u·î"f.
~ c» ~ cLro, t'Il: Ao , ):.A, n·. e~ l',","'e~ et, t:f 'I'i!.iUD
~ )~n .:wec ,;LUo f-ofx-t fAt irn ~ )D93 ha~~C4<.fs ~
A;"tl .f.p. !"'ruetlliiD'l1 ~ )q~ l ~Q:10'P.o: P~?(-l+O,ol'li') :: A301 ha~fa",k
Ce.Ur ~o ~"\..~i ÜI'\ IU~ td\'M-t'e œrt\V'/H wiL
L.H:.c..L:le· Po~ub:L'\ll'\ eM ~t E~f;maiiJn el! 9l
l.ro .t ss....itll ,A53
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l'.~.t P0t-utat.ion anima\e
ria. ).t~Ol'\ tG. .lU\t :roc.o.hm mll.\'\ci~ltmlm~ acr-ico~., n~ ~ d
f,,01iOf,1 J.L1I ~1e.,yc.~Q l:i~ Jl4CJlW\ 'ilif. LI' Chc!"~~e.Q e.J. \-"u~/)1l1i.
~U"M\.~ c..m'\\,,,~,' d, kO'\~. LlO \"ecenceme"-\ ~~ sur~IQ.
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