proliferation issues · jprs-tnd-92-037 9 october 1992 china 1 premier supports pakistan...

JPRS-TND-92-0379 October 1992

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PROLIFERATION ISSUES

JPRS-TND-92-037 CONTENTS 9 October 1992

[This report contains foreign media information on issues related to worldwide proliferation and transfer activities innuclear, chemical, and biological weapons, including delivery systems and the transfer of weapons-relevanttechnologies.]

CHINA

Premier Supports Pakistan Nuclear-Free Zone [XINHUA] ........................................................................ 1Spokesman Confirms Underground Nuclear Test [Tokyo KYODO] .......................................................... 1New Office To Handle Arms Transactions [Hong Kong SOUTH CHINA MORNING POST 2 Oct] ....... 1Construction of Daya Bay N-Station Complete [XINHUA] ....................................................................... 1

EAST ASIA

INDONESIA

Nuclear Power Station Expected 'Next Decade' [ANTARA] ............................................................. 2

JAPAN

Nuclear-Fusion Research Accord Signed [KYODO] ........................................................................ 2Government To Host OECD Talks on Nuclear Energy [KYODO] .................................................. 2Reports Continue on Plutonium Shipment .......................................................................................... 2

Greenpeace Issues Warning [KYODO] .................................................................................... 2Secrecy Stressed [K YODO] ........................................................................................................ 3Nauru Leader Notes Opposition [KYODO] .............................................................................. 3No Emergency Ports Identified [KYODO] ................................................................................ 4Forum Urges Opposition [KYODO] ........................................................................................ 4

NORTH KOREA

Inspection Preconditions Termed 'Unreasonable' [KCNA] ............................................................. 4

SOUTH KOREA

Koreas To Hold Nuclear Control Talks 14 Oct [YONHAP] ............................................................. 5No Tae-u on Nuclear Issues at News Briefing [Seoul TV] ............................................................... 5JNCC Chairman Urges Unity in Nuclear Inspection [Seoul Radio] ................................................ 6Asian-Pacific IAEA Training Course Opens [YONHAP] .................................................................. 6

MALAYSIA

Minister Opposes Japanese Plutonium Shipment [BERNAM ] ...........................M........................... 7

EAST EUROPE

BULGARIA

Kozloduy Nuclear Plant Shuts Down Reactors [Sofia Radio] ... ..................... 8

JPRS-TND-92-0379 October 1992 2

CZECHOSLOVAKIA

Ministers Disagree on Need To Complete Temelin [CSTK] ............................................................. 8

BOSNIA-HERCEGOVINA

Chemical Factory in Vitez Hit by Serb Aircraft [Sarajevo Radio] .................................................... 8

LATIN AMERICA

ARGENTINA

Nuclear Energy Agreement Signed With France [TELAM] .............................................................. 9

CHILE

Talks With Argentina, Brazil on Plutonium Shipment [Santiago Radio] .................................... 9

CUBA

Delegate to Vienna Speaks on Nuclear Issues ..................................................................................... 9Increased Security Proposed [Havana Radio] ......................................................................... 9Plant Construction To Continue [Havana Radio] ................................................................... 9

NEAR EAST & SOUTH ASIA

INDIA

Firm Produces Items for CIS, Gulf Missiles, Subs [Delhi Radio] .................................................. 10Rao Returns From 'Fruitful' Paris Talks [Delhi Radio] .................................................................. 10Former Army Chief on South Asia Nuclear Status [INDIAN EXPRESS 26 Sep] ........................... 10

IRAN

Daily Criticizes IAEA Leniency on Israel [IRNA] ........ I.... .............................................................. 11

IRAQ

UN Supervising Destruction of CW Stockpiles [Paris AFP] ............................................................. 11SAIRI Reports Threat of CW Spraying in South [Voice of the Iraqi People] .................................. 12UN Team Finds No CW at Sites North of Baghdad [Paris AFP] .................................................. 12

ISRAEL

U.S. Reportedly To Finance UAV Examination [HA'ARETZ 5 Oct] .............................................. 12Germany To Finance Third Patriot Battery [YEDI'OTAHARONOT 6 Oct] .................................. 13Naval, Airborne Warfare Simulator Unveiled [THE JERUSALEM POST 30 Sep] ....................... 13Arrow Project's Merit Questioned [HA'ARETZ I Oct] .................................................................... 13

PAKISTAN

China Offers 300 MW Nuclear Power Plant ..................................................................................... 14No Preconditions Set [THE NEWS 5 Oct] ............................................................................. 14Plant Under Construction [NA WA-I- WAQT 13 Aug] .............................................................. 15

Nuclear Reactors To Foster Self-Sufficiency [Hong Kong AFP] ...................................................... 15Reports of IAEA Inspection Termed 'Baseless' [Quetta BALOCHISTAN TIMES 13 Aug] ............. 16

SYRIA

Al-Shar' Links CW Treaty to Nuclear Pact, Israel [Damascus TV] ............................................... 16

JPRS-TND-92-0379 October 1992 3

CENTRAL EURASIA

CIS Nuclear Arms Security Worries Poles [KURANTY 16 Sep] ................................................................ 17CIS Nuclear Brain Drain Alarms Germany [Moscow TV] ......................................................................... 17CIS' Shaposhnikov on Status of Nuclear Forces [NEZA VISIMA YA GAZETA 8 Oct] .............................. 17CIS Defense Ministers Discuss Nuclear Forces [INTERFAX] ................................................................. 18CIS Chemical Weapons Destruction Sites Eyed [KRASNAYA ZVEZDA 24 Sep] ................................... 19Commentary on U.S. Suspension of Nuclear Tests [Moscow Radio] ....................................................... 20Russia, U.S. Sign Defense Agreement [ITAR-TASS] ................................................................................ 21Russia Hails U.S. Ratification of Arms Treaty [Moscow Radio] ............................................................ 21Russian, Pakistani Officials Discuss Proliferation [Islamabad Radio] ..................................................... 21Russian Minister Attends Tokyo Nuclear Symposium [ITAR-TASS] ...................................................... 21Russian Official Warns of Nuclear Threat [Tokyo KYODO] ..................................................................... 22Russia Approves Dual-Use Chemical Export Controls ............................................................................. 22

Presidential Directive [ROSSIYSKAYA GAZETA 30 Sep] .............................. 22Government Decree [ROSSIYSKAYA GAZETA 30 Sep] .............................................................. 23Export Control Statute [ROSSIYSKAYA GAZETA 30 Sep] ............................................................ 24

Russia's Krasnoyarsk Reactor Shut Down [ITAR-TASS] ...................................... 25Details Reported [Moscow TV] ...................................................................................................... 25Closure Worries Staff [Moscow TV] ............................................................................................... 25

Russian Nuclear Energy, Arms Laws Examined [KOMSOMOLSKAYA PRAVDA 26 Sep] .................... 25Reports on Chelyabinsk-56 'Atomic City' . ................................................................................................ 26

Europarliamentarians Visit [Moscow TV] ........................................................................................ 26Radiation Legacy Viewed [Moscow TV] ........................................................................................... 26

Radioactive Spill Reported in Vitebsk Plant [Moscow TV] .................................................................... 26Ukraine Foreign Ministry on Use of Uranium [INTERFAX] ....................................................... .............. 27Ukraine Claims Independent Role in Uranium Trade [ITAR-TASS] ...................................................... 27Ukraine Rules Out Strategic Nuclear Forces [ITAR-TASS] ....................................................................... 27Ukraine To Accede to NPT, IAEA Inspections [ROSSIYSKAYA GAZETA I Oct] ................................ 27Belarus Accepts U.S. Aid To Remove Nuclear Arms [ITAR-TASS] ........................................................ 28Tartarstan Parliament Declares Nuclear Free Zone [INTERFAXI ............................. 28

WEST EUROPE

FRANCE

Company Packaging Plutonium for Japan [Tokyo KYODO] ........................................................... 29

GERMANY

Ship With Nerve Gas Sent Back to Bombay [BERLINER ZEITUNG 5 Oct] ................................ 29

JPRS-TND-92-0379 October 1992 CHINA 1

Premier Supports Pakistan Nuclear-Free Zone Western military sources in Beijing estimate that a May0W0710125092 Beijing XINHUA in English 11 nuclear test was a strategic nuclear explosion of1234 GMT 7 Oct 92 one-megaton and last month's test was a tactical nuclear

blast.

[Excerpt] Beijing, October 7 (XINHUA)-Chinese Pre- New Office To Handle Arms Transactionsmier Li Peng said here today that China supports the HKO210102192 Hong Kong SOUTH CHINAproposal of the Pakistani Government on the establish- MORNING POST in English 2 Oct 92 p 13ment of a nuclear-free zone in South Asia. [Text] The Defence Ministry will shortly set up a new

"China supports the efforts of relevant countries in office which will handle armaments transactions.various parts of the world on the establishment of Informed sources said the unit would coordinate thenuclear-free zones or regions of peace on a voluntary import and export of weapons, which at the moment isbasis," Li was quoted by a Chinese Foreign Ministry undertaken by companies and departments under var-official as saying during his talks with visiting Pakistani ious branches of the military.Prime Minister Mohammad Nawaz Sharif here today. Another responsibility of the office will be to satisfy

Sharif proposed in June last year a five-nation confer- international agencies that China abides by such accordsence involving the United States, the former Soviet as the Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty and the MissileUnion, China, India and Pakistan be held to work out a Technology Control Regime.mechanism to make South Asia a nuclear-free zone. The Defence Ministry has traditionally been regarded as[passage omitted] a toothless organ whose major function is to liaison with

military forces in other parts of the world.Construction of Daya Bay N-Station Complete

Spokesman Confirms Underground Nuclear Test 020159 ejn IHAi nls0W2809165592 Beijing XINHUA in English0W0410120992 Tokyo KYODO in English 1144 GMT 1519 GMT 28 Sep 924 Oct 92 [Text] Shenzhen, September 28 (XINHUA)-The civil

engineering construction of the Daya Bay nuclear station[Text] Beijing, Oct. 4 KYODO-A Chinese Foreign in southern China has finished and technicians areMinistry spokesman confirmed Sunday [4 October] that testing the installed equipment.China has recently conducted a underground nuclear Experts said the construction and installment of thetest. nuclear island, conventional island and auxiliary facili-It was China's second nuclear test this year. ties are basically completed and operators are testing

some systems and machines.The spokesman made the confirmation after an inquiry The project, which started in August of 1987, is expectedfrom KYODO NEWS SERVICE. to generate 10 billion kwh each year after it goes into fullAn indian nuclear center earlier announced it detected a operation.Chinese underground nuclear test on the scale of a About 10,000 technicians and workers from 20 countries15-kiloton tnt blast on September 25. and regions are working for the station.

JPRS-TND-92-0372 EAST ASIA 9 October 1992

INDONESIA magnetic fields whose lines of force run parallel to the

walls of the tube and prevent the plasma from touching

Nuclear Power Station Expected 'Next Decade' the walls.

BK0610104492 Jakarta ANTARA in English 0927 GMT Under the agreement, researchers from Japan, the U.S.,6 Oct 92 and Euratom will exchange opinions and information on

nuclear fusion technology of the helical type, govern-[Excerpt] Jakarta, Oct. 6 (OANA-ANTARA)-Indonesia ment officials said.expects to establish its first nuclear power station withinthe next decade in order to meet the country's increasing The National Institute for Fusion Science will representdemand for energy, Vice President Sudharmono said Japan in the international joint project, the officials said.here Tuesday when opening the 21st Indonesian Petro-leum Association (IPA) convention and the third JakartaInternational Energy Conference. Government To Host OECD Talks on NuclearEnergy

Indonesia, which is currently using a variety of energy 0W0210082492 Tokyo KYODO in English 0759 GMTsources such as oil, natural gas, coal, thermal and solar 2 Oct 92energy, is now preparing for the possible utilisation ofnuclear energy, said the vice president. [Text] Tokyo, Oct. 2 KYODO-Japan will host an

international meeting on nuclear energy Tuesday [6Sudharmono did not rule out a possibility that Indo- October] and Wednesday under the auspices of thenesia, which is at present a major oil exporting country, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Develop-might turn into an oil importer if the growth in energy ment (OECD), a Foreign Ministry spokesman saidconsumption continues as a result of the country's eco- Friday [2 October].nomicprogressandindustrial grofthe counSpokesman Masamichi Hanabusa said the 85th steering

Indeed, there are other sources of energy, such as coal committee meeting of the OECD's Nuclear Energywhich will not be depleted for more than one hundred Agency (NEA) will be attended by high-level representa-years. But oil remains a source of energy which cannot tives of the agency's 23 member countries.easily be replaced, without technological breakthroughswhich can find an efficient and economic substitute for Also attending will be officials of the Internationaloil, he said. Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and the European Com-

Conservation and diversification of resources are there- munity (EC), he said.

fore the primary objectives of the country's national The steering committee is the highest nuclear energyenergy policy, according to him. agency organ and decides agency policies on the promo-

tion of international cooperation in nuclear safety andHe said that environmental conditions are also a factor the development and regulation of nuclear energy.to be seriously considered in the choice of energy sourcesand its efficient and economic consumption. [passage Hanabusa said there will be consultations at the meetingomitted] on the agency's overall activities and its action program.

He noted that Japan is playing host to the meeting as thisJAPAN year falls on the 20th anniversary of Japan joining the

agency.

Nuclear-Fusion Research Accord Signed Hanabusa said that just after the meeting concludes onThursday, an international symposium on nuclear devel-

0W0210144992 Tokyo KYODO in English 1429 GMT opment and new developments in relevant international2 Oct 92 cooperation will be held at the Foreign Ministry.

[Text] Tokyo, Oct. 2 KYODO-Japan signed an imple-menting agreement Friday to cooperate in the develop-ment of a nuclear fusion device known as a stellarator, Reports Continue on Plutonium Shipmentthe government announced.

The agreement has already been signed by the United Greenpeace Issues WarningStates and the European Atomic Energy Community 0W3009031992 Tokyo KYODO in English 0239 GMT(Euratom), an organization formed under the European 30 Sep 92Community. [Text] London, Sept. 30 KYODO-An advertisement

Stellarator is a device for facilitating nuclear fusion by warning the world's mariners that a Japanese ship is onconfining a high-temperature plasma. It consists of a its way to France to pick up a cargo of plutoniumtube which closes in on itself in a figure-eight or race- appeared Tuesday in LLOYD'S LIST, an internationaltrack configuration, and external coils which generate shipping newspaper.

JPRS-TND-92-0379 October 1992 EAST ASIA 3

The advertisement, placed by Greenpeace, the environ- The shipments not only lack adequate safety precau-mental group, features a small picture of the Akatsuki tions, but also pose a long-term security risk to the regionMaru and is headed "Greenpeace, Urgent Warning: as there are no guarantees the plutonium will never bePlutonium Freighter Under Way." used for nuclear weapons, Dowiyogo said at an interna-

Greenpeace said in a statement that the advertisement tional symposium on Japan's plutonium shipments.

had been placed "following the Japanese Government's "We all know that plutonium can be fashioned intorefusal to provide sufficient information on the ship- atomic weapons. The present atmosphere in Japan is ofment, despite requests from governments and environ- course strongly opposed to such armaments, but can wemental groups around the world." say the same for 10, 20, 50 years hence?" He said at the

The advertisement warns mariners that the Akatsuki opening of the three-day forum.Maru will carry a cargo of one metric ton of plutonium Expressing frustration that the Japanese Governmentfrom France and Britain to Japan beginning in October, has not "had the courtesy" to consult with Nauru on theand says that "these shipments are potentially a serious shipments, the president of the 8,400-population nationthreat to the maritime community and environment." said his government would not allow the ship to stop at

It says, "The ship has been labeled a floating Chernobyl its port should it get into difficulties.

by government officials" and asks for any information "An accident in Nauru's only port could render ouron the ship's whereabouts to be passed on to its small island nation unfit for habitation for the durationAmsterdam office. of the toxicity of plutonium, literally tens of thousands of

years," Dowiyogo said.

Secrecy Stressed "Such an accident may be unlikely, but it cannot be0W0110135792 Tokyo KYODO in English 1317 GMT excluded, especially because there could be as many as1 Oct 92 150 shipments over a 30 year period," he said at the

forum sponsored by the Citizens Nuclear Information[Text] Tokyo, Oct. 1 KYODO-An international Center and the Washington-based Nuclear Control Insti-meeting in Vienna to reexamine the nuclear material tute, which campaigns against plutonium proliferation.protection treaty has adopted a statement calling for Experts say a one-ton shipment of deadly plutonium, if itkeeping secret information about the transportation ofnuclear materials, Science and Technology Agency offi- met with accident, could kill people hundreds of kilome-cials said Thursday. ters away.

The statement, which stressed the necessity for the treaty Japan maintains that it has taken sufficient safety pre-member nations to maintain such secrecy, supports the cautions, details about the shipments, including theJapanese Government policy of insisting on secrecy for actual route, remain a secret for security reasons, how-

transporting nuclear material, the officials said. ever.

This is opposed by growing calls from antinuclear groups The first shipment of plutonium recovered from spentfor the government to make public information about a Japanese nuclear fuel is expected to leave France forplutonium shipment from Europe to Japan, however. Japan later this year aboard the 3,800-ton Akatsuki

Maru.The government-owned 4,800-ton Akatsuki Maru is nowon its way to France to pick up and carry home a ton of Japan's nuclear power industry plans to use 80 to 90 tonsplutonium for use as fuel in a fast breeder nuclear of plutonium through 2010, of which some 30 tons are toreactor. come from Europe, according to the Foreign Ministry's

Nuclear Energy Division.The treaty, organized by the International AtomicEnergy Agency (IAEA), has been signed by 42 countries, Governor Lorenzo Guerrero of the Commonwealth ofincluding Japan, the United States and Russia, as well as the Northern Mariana Islands urged Japan to buildthe European Atomic Energy Community. stronger casks for carrying the toxic plutonium, and to

inform countries where the ship may make emergencycalls before proceeding with shipments.

Nauru Leader Notes Opposition Guam Senator Marilyn Manibusan, said she was con-0W0410112992 Tokyo KYODO in English 1014 GMT cerned that Japan's plutonium surplus could destabilize4 Oct 92 the Asian-Pacific region.

[Text] Tokyo, Oct. 4 KYODO-Nauru President Ber- "The thought of nuclear weapons capacity frightens ournard Dowiyogo called on Japan Sunday [4 October] to people because war compensation claims have not beencancel a plan to ship a ton of plutonium from Europe, paid," Manibusan said, explaining that after World Warand said the tiny Pacific island nation would refuse any II the United States, without consulting with the citizensemergency port calls by the vessel, of Guam, waived war reparations.

JPRS-TND-92-0374EAST ASIA 9 October 1992

"We in Guam do not want to be taken for granted any Forum Urges Oppositionmore," she said. 0W0510134192 Tokyo KYODO in English 1258 GMT

The forum was attended by more than 100 academics, 5 Oct 92activists, and concerned citizens, as well as diplomats [Text] Tokyo, Oct. 5 KYODO-An international sym-from 15 countries along the ship's possible route. posium against Japan's plutonium shipment closed

Jon Van Dyke, a professor at the University of Hawaii Monday [5 October] after participants adopted a state-Law School, said Japan's secrecy-shrouded scheme ment calling on all nations which may possibly be alongappeared to violate its obligation under international law the ship's route to voice their opposition to the ship-to inform and consult with countries along the route, and ment.to conduct an environmental impact assessment on the The statement adopted at the Asian-Pacific forumrisks presented by the shipments. pointed out the lack of sufficient safety measures for the

plutonium shipment expected later this year.

No Emergency Ports Identified It also said Japan has not consulted with or gotten0W0510092792 Tokyo KYODO in English 0840 GMT agreements from the nations along the ship's possible5 Oct 92 route, and called on the nations in the Asian-Pacific

region to oppose the shipment.

[Text] Tokyo, Oct. 5 KYODO-Japan does not plan to About 100 academics, activists, concerned citizens asmake advanced arrangements to call at foreign ports well as diplomats from 15 countries attended the three-should the plutonium-bearing Akatsuki Maru run into day forum.trouble during its voyage from Europe, the top govern- Japan maintains that it has taken sufficient safety pre-ment spokesman said Monday. cautions to transport plutonium to Japan by sea, but it

"In the off chance that there is an emergency, we will has not revealed details about the shipments, includingconsult with concerned countries at that time. But we are the actual route, for security reasons.making thorough preparations so we are not supposing The first shipment of plutonium recovered from spentthere will be any emergency situations," Chief Cabinet Japanese nuclear fuel is expected to leave France forSecretary Koichi Kato told a news conference. Japan later this year aboard the 3,800-ton Akatsuki

He made the comments after Bernard Dowiyogo, presi- Maru.dent of Nauru, declared the ship would not be allowed toenter his Pacific island nation's only port even in case of The statement also called on the United Nations to setan emergency. up an independent committee to analyze the risks posed

by the shipment.Dowiyogo, joined by Gov. Lorenzo I Guerrero of theNorthern Mariana Islands and Sen. Marilyn Manibusan Japan's nuclear power industry plans to use 80 to 90 tonsNofthen Guamissu a Istatmnts Mnda en.Malilingforthehalt of plutonium through 2010, of which some 30 tons are toof Guam, issued a statement M onday calling for the halt co ef m Eu p ,a c rd n to heF ei n M is y'of the shipment because Tokyo has not obtained consent Nuclear Energy Division.from nations along the route.

Japan has kept the shipping plans for the one-ton load of Experts say a one-ton shipment of deadly plutonium, if itJapa ha ket te sippng lansfortheonetonloa of met with accident, could kill people hundreds of kilome-toxic plutonium cloaked in secrecy in a bid to preempt t way.possible terrorist attacks. ters away.

The South Pacific representatives, here to attend anAsian-Pacific forum protesting the shipments, also said NORTH KOREAin a statement they are concerned about safety precau-tions and the possibility of the proliferation of pluto- Inspection Preconditions Termed 'Unreasonable'nium, a key ingredient in nuclear weapons. SK0710045 792 Pyongyang KCNA in English

They called on the United Nations to conduct an inde- 0427 GMT 7 Oct 92pendent analysis on the risks posed by the shipment andto introduce tougher safety standards to ensure casks [Text] Pyongyang October 7 (KCNA)-William Clark,encasing the plutonium will be able to withstand even U.S. assistant secretary of state for East Asian andthe most severe accidents. Pacific Affairs, told a press conference at the House

Foreign Affairs Committee on October 6 that if theKey participants in the three-day forum, joined by DPRK wanted to improve relations with the Unitedacademics and antinuclear activists from the Philip- States, it should stop "missile exports," give up thepines, Indonesia, New Zealand, and the United States, "development of biochemical weapons" and acceptplan to submit the statement to the Japanese Govern- "North-South mutual nuclear inspection," according toment Tuesday. a report from Washington.


They are unreasonable preconditions which are not The North Koreans also maintained that as manyworth even a passing note. inspection teams as the number of the sites to be

inspected should be operated at the same time.As far as "missile exports" and "biochemical weapons

development" are concerned, they have had and will Also by insisting that the lists of inspection team mem-have nothing to do with the peaceloving DPRK. It is a bers should be exchanged 10 days before inspections, thedespicable black propaganda of those seeking to North in effect reaffirmed their rejection of any unsched-besmirch the DPRK's high international authority, drive uled inspection of nuclear facilities and sites.a wedge between the Korean people and the world'speaceloving people and deliberately create difficulties in The two sides decided to have the third Nuclear Jointthe way of improvement of relations between the DPRK Commission Members contact at Panmunjom on Oct.and the United States. 14 to carry on discussion.

The "North-South mutual inspection," too, is a matterthat deserves nobody's sympathy. No Tae-u on Nuclear Issues at News Briefing

While failing to utter a word about the DPRK's just call SK2909140792 Seoul KBS-1 Television Networkfor an overall inspection of the U.S. nuclear weapons and in Korean 0825 GMT 29 Sep 92bases in South Korea, he repeated the hackneyed talkabout "mutual inspection." This comes from the two-bittrick of the U.S. reactionary quarters to lay down a [News conference by ROK President No Tae-u withsmokescreen around the nuclear weapons kept hidden in foreign and domestic reporters at the Great Hall of theSouth Korea. People in Beijing on 29 August-live]

Clark said "a little fresh air would hasten reunification ofthe Korean peninsula." This is, indeed, a revelation of [Excerpt] [passage omitted] [Unidentified reporter,their aggressive intention. ASSOCIATED PRESS; in English] Mr. President: Yes-

terday, in your talks with the Chinese, the Chinese sideHis remarks vividly reveal that the United States is still suggested that too much international pressure on Northpursuing its aggressive policy of annexing the northern Korea with regard to the nuclear issue could be counter-half of Korea. productive. Do you agree with this statement? Also, have

The United States must give up its criminal scheme to you had any indication that China is pressuring Northhinder the reunification of the Korean peninsula with its Korea to open up its society and its nuclear facilities?anachronistic acts. Thank you.

It must wake from the infeasible daydream, remove the [No] As you well know, North Korea's nuclear issue isunreasonable preconditions and take the road of not only a North-South Korean issue but also a seriousimproving relations with the DPRK in compliance with international issue. China, too, understands this well.the requirements of the times. How to remove North Korea's nuclear threats will be our

future task. I think the international community concursthat North Korea must in no way develop nuclear

SOUTH KOREA weapons. What we must do is to have North Koreaimplement the joint denuclearization declaration, onwhich the North and South have agreed, through dia-

Koreas To Hold Nuclear Control Talks 14 Oct logue. We have been eagerly persuading North Korea toimplement it. We have failed to do so. I hope progress5K3009115292 Seoul YONHAP in English 1139 GMT will be made gradually in our efforts, however.30 Sep 92

[Text] Seoul, Sept. 30 (YONHAP)-South and North What China wants is identical to what we want. ChinaKorean officials Wednesday discussed rules for mutual has expressed its view that it would be better to removenuclear inspections at Panmunjom. North Korea's nuclear threats [wihyop] through dialogue

and persuasion, rather than through some physical pres-At the second members contact of the eighth South- sures. I think that this is fundamentally identical to whatNorth Nuclear Joint Commission Meeting, the South we have pursued.suggested that the two sides exchange the lists of about50 inspectors within 10 days of the effectuation of [No] I will now take the question by the RENMINinspection rules and that each inspection team be formed RIBAO reporter in Beijing.with less than 20 from among the listed persons. [Unidentified RENMIN RIBAO reporter] His Excel-

The North asserted that an inspection team should lency President, you explained about economic andcomprise 15 inspectors for the inspection of a suspected trade issues. What do you think about future cooperativenuclear arms base and five inspectors for a nuclear relations between China and the ROK in each field,material site or a nuclear facility, however, including science, technology, culture, and sports?

JPRS-TND-92-0376 EAST ASIA 9 October 1992

[No] The ROK minister of science and technology is between the ROK and China, the ROK's northern diplo-accompanying our party. The agreement on science and macy has now been successfully finalized. It is ourtechnology between the two countries will be signed understanding that North Korea is now hastening estab-tomorrow. lishment of diplomatic relations with Japan and the

United States. Thus, Japan and North Korea areThis is indeed a desirable event. The leaders of the two showing their active stance to establish diplomatic rela-countries shared the same view that cooperation in the tions. This being the case, His Excellency President,cultural and art domain will also be excellently and what is your feeling on the Japan-North Korea talks forsubstantively realized between the two countries. I diplomatic relations, which are being held even before allbelieve that such cooperation will be carried out in the problems are resolved?future.

[No] As I mentioned earlier, my understanding on the[No] Lastly, I will take a question from a Korean positions of Japan and the United States is that the issuereporter. Reporter Yun from HANGYORE SINMUN, of removing suspicions concerning North Korea'syou may ask questions. nuclear development is a precondition for their estab-

[Yun Kuk-han, HANGYORE SINMUN] I am Yun lishing diplomatic relations with North Korea. WeKuk-han from HANGYORE SINMUN. Mr. President, should make efforts to have North Korea completelywill you tell us about the thoughts the Chinese leaders remove suspicions on its nuclear development at an earlywhom you met have toward the extent and capabilities date. The removal of nuclear suspicions at the earliestof North Korea's nuclear development? At the same possible date is a shortcut, or, the best way to establishtime, Mr. President, you expressed your intention to such relations at the earliest possible date. I ask for yourhelp North Korea normalize its relations with the United cooperation on this.States and Japan, provided that suspicions [uihok] con- Thank you.cerning North Korea's nuclear development areremoved. Will you please explain what kinds of concretehelp our government can give? JNCC Chairman Urges Unity in Nuclear

[No] As I mentioned earlier, the Chinese position is that Inspectionit does not want nuclear development by either side of SK0110134992 Seoul KBS-I Radio Network in KoreanNorth and South Korea. Please keep this in mind. How 1300 GMT I Oct 92can we help North Korea concretely? The immediate,impending issue for North Korea is that it wants to [Text] Kong No-myong, our side's chairman of theestablish diplomatic relations with Japan. South-North Joint Nuclear Control Committee [JNCC],

revealed that if North Korea is to free itself fromAt the same time, it also wants to establish diplomatic isolation and economic difficulties, there is no other wayrelations with the United States and other Western but to respond to carrying out mutual inspection as sooncountries. The most serious stumbling block is that these as possible. Chairman Kong, who returned home on thecountries do not want to establish diplomatic relations evening of 1 October after winding up his visit to thewith North Korea unless suspicions on North Korea's United States and Mexico, said that high-ranking U.S.nuclear development are completely removed. It is officials also fully agree to our side's principle of carryingindeed distressing. out mutual inspection. He also said that there is no

change in the U.S. position that inspection on all suspi-What we earnestly hope at present is that North Korea cious regions and a special inspection should be carriedremove the suspicions concerning its nuclear develop- out without fail.ment at an early date. Thus, in the event that suchsuspicions are completely removed, we will take the Chairman Kong added that resolving the nuclear issueinitiative in offering cooperation to North Korea by does not simply signify providing regulations for mutualtaking advantage of our experiences gained in the course inspection. He said that it also means carrying outof establishing diplomatic relations with foreign coun- practical mutual inspection based on inspection regula-tries. Since I assumed the presidency, our nations estab- tions. He revealed that rumors that the ROK and thelished diplomatic relations with as many as 39 nations. United States have different opinions on carrying out

mutual inspection is groundless.We will cooperate with North Korea by offering our

experience. In addition to the issue of diplomatic rela-tions, we will give economic support to North Korea and Asian-Pacific IAEA Training Course Opensother substantive assistance in many fields in its interest. SK08 10101192 Seoul YONHAP in English 0930 GMT

Since we approach the appointed time, I will now take 8 Oct 92only one last question. The NHK reporter, you may aska question. [Text] Seoul, Oct. 8 (YONHAP)-An Asian-Pacific

regional training course of the International Atomic[Unidentified NHK reporter] I am an NHK reporter. I Energy Agency (IAEA) opened Wednesday at the Taedokthink that with the establishment of diplomatic relations science town, South Chungchong Province.


The main theme of the three-week annual international Malaysia could stop the "Akatsuki Maru" from passingtraining course, hosted by the Korea Atomic Energy through the straits under a provision in the sea law if itResearch Institute, is "Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) endangers the country, Law said.and Evaluation in Nuclear Power Plants." Law was non-committal when reporters asked him

Atomic energy experts from eight nations, including whether Malaysia would exercise such power under thatChina, India, Pakistan and Vietnam, will be briefed on provision but said it would depend on the situation.South Korea's experiences and technology in NDT engi- The ministry through the Foreign Ministry, hadneering. informed the Japanese Government last Saturday that

Malaysia was very concerned about the ship's passageSeventeen experts of South Korea's atomic energy- through the straits, he said.related agencies and industries will give lectures onKorea's NDT technology. Malaysia, Indonesia, and Singapore had objected to the

Japanese vessel using the straits last week.Roy Gillmourndt, an Australian specialist from the

IAEA will deliver a special lecture on "New Trends of At last Monday's ASEAN science and environmentNDT Application in Nuclear Power Plants." ministers conference in Singapore, Malaysia had sought

a common stand among fellow ASEAN countries indealing with the "Akatsuki Maru".

NLALAYSIA A report from Tokyo on the eve of the Singapore meetingsaid the Japanese Government had re-routed the ship'sjourney so that it avoided the Straits of Melaka, how-ever.

Minister Opposes Japanese Plutonium Shipment The ship was reported to be carrying a tonne of weapon-BK2409094892 Kuala Lumpur BERNAMA in English grade plutonium from France for use in Japan's power0706 GMT 24 Sep 92 stations.

Law said his ministry was still awaiting an official reply[Text] Kuala Lumpur, Sept 24 (OANA-BERNAMA)- from the Japanese Government over Malaysia's protest.Malaysia can cite security reasons to block a Japanese When discussing the "Akatsuki Maru" issue at lastship carrying radio-active plutonium from using the Monday's conference, Singapore, Indonesia, andStraits of Malacca on its homeward journey from France Malaysia had agreed to alert each other on the ship'sin November. movement, Law said.

The Law of the Sea empowers Malaysia to do so using Malaysia had set up a committee headed by the Atomicthose reasons, Science, Technology, and Environment Energy Licencing Board to monitor the ship's move-Minister Law Hieng Ding told reporters here Thursday. ment.

JPRS-TND-92-0378 EAST EUROPE 9 October 1992

BULGARIA CZECHOSLOVAKIA

Ministers Disagree on Need To Complete TemelinAU2309110592 Prague CSTK in English 0939 GMT

Kozloduy Nuclear Plant Shuts Down Reactors 22 Sep 92AU3009111492 Sofia Khorizont Radio Network [Text] Prague (CSTK)--Czech Minister for the Environ-in Bulgarian 1000 GMT 30 Sep 92 ment Frantisek Benda considers Sunday's statement by

Czech Minister of Industry and Trade Vladimir Dlouhyon the nuclear power plant Temelin, South Bohemia, in

[Text] A further unpleasant piece of news today appar- connection with the case of Skoda Plzen, which nowently indicates that we will have to stock up with candles. faces big financial problems, to be a matter of personalOur Vratsa correspondent Veselin Angelov reports that opinion.the latest information from the Kozloduy Nuclear PowerPlant is that the Nos. 5 and 6 reactor units, the most Dlouhy said Skoda's energy division, which has lost itspowerful ones at the plant, with capacities of 1,000 markets because of the disintegration of the formermegawatts each, will produce no electric power during Soviet bloc, should take advantage of Temelin's conver-the next two months. Here are the specific facts from our sion to a modern power plant to get orders for itself.correspondent Veselin Angelov. Benda told CSTK today that the future of Temelin,

where two blocks are now being built, and of nuclear[Begin Angelov recording] Following the incidents with energy overall will only be a matter for the entire Czechthe switches of the Nos. 5 and 6 units, the plant is Government. The government will soon express itselfawaiting the delivery of new switches from Russia. clearly on the development of nuclear power, particu-According to Engineer Yordan Yordanov, spokesman of larly on the construction of the nuclear power plantthe Kozloduy Nuclear Power Plant, even if the new Temelin, he said.switches were delivered now it would take at least amonth to install them, however, and a further month BOSNIA-HERCEGOVINAwould be needed to put the nuclear generating units backinto operation. Chemical Factory in Vitez Hit by Serb Aircraft

LD2609172592 Sarajevo Radio Bosnia-HercegovinaThis means that we will start the winter with a very low Network in Serbo-Croatian 1600 GMT 26 Sep 92electricity output from the Kozloduy Plant, and this will [Text] After an air raid alert, a general alert was soundedof course make power cuts necessary. in Vitez at 1440 [1240 GMT]. Immediately after that the

enemy air force launched an attack on the town. TheAt the moment, precommissioning preparations are in aggressor's target was the public firm Slobodan Princip-progress for starting up the No. 4 reactor, and if every- Seljo [former JNA main explosive factory]. The entirething goes well, it is expected that the unit will enter Vitez air defense reacted to the attack. The attack wasservice during the next few days, providing an additional repeated two or three times. According to the first400 megawatts [figure as heard] for our national power information we received from Ilija Buha, editor of Vitezgrid. The No. 3 reactor, which has the same capacity, will radio-television's information program, one enemy air-be shut down for its planned annual overhaul, however, craft was hit.The unit has to be reloaded with fuel, and the necessary Smoke is rising from the direction of the factory, and themaintenance work will delay its return to service. Vitez firefighters' brigade has been put in action. There

is still no information about the extent of the damage orThis is the situation at present. The most important about possible casualties. Since there is great danger ofquestion is how long it will take to complete these dangerous acid poisoning, the information centeroperations, and this depends both on the specialists and instructed citizens not to leave their shelters and toon normal operational parameters being obtained during observe the orders issued by civil defense bodies con-the testing of the equipment before the units are cerning protection against chemical poisoning. A generalrestarted. [end recording] alert is still in effect in Vitez.

JPRS-TND-92-0379 October 1992 LATIN AMERICA 9

ARGENTINA [Excerpt] The government is engaged in joint negotiationswith Argentina and Brazil to defend Chile from the danger

Nuclear Energy Agreement Signed With France posed by the passing of ships carrying 45 loads of radioac-PY3009132592 Buenos Aires TELAM in Spanish tive plutonium in the waters near those countries.2220 GMT 28 Sep 92 This information was released by President Patricio[Text] Buenos Aires, 28 Sep (TELAM)-Argentina and Aylwin during a meeting he held with Magallanes Uni-France agreed to carry out "on the best possible terms" versity students to whom he made some comments.a joint cooperation program on nuclear energy "with [Begin Aylwin recording] No country can forbid naviga-exclusively peaceful and not military purposes." [Begin Ayewin rern N country can forbid naviga-tion on the high seas. A country can forbid navigation in

The Argentine Foreign Ministry reported that a declaration of its own territorial waters, and it can adopt safeguardprinciples was signed today by Argentine Foreign Minister measures in its exclusive economic area. But traffic onGuido Di Tella and his French counterpart, Roland Dumas. the high seas is entirely free. [end recording]

During the ceremony at D'Orsay Palace, Di Tella admitted He said that for this reason the conversations withthat "the new nuclear nonproliferation policy is one of the neighboring countries should be made within the frame-central objectives of Argentine foreign policy." work of actual legal possibilities, within international

Di Tella said the signing of the agreement on the peaceful law, emphasizing that the government will do everythinguse of nuclear energy "will correlate with a new dimension necessary to avoid this risk. [passage omitted]

of the cooperation between the two countries, especially inthe use of nuclear energy in the health and industrial fields." CUBAHe noted the good bilateral relations and the "variousFrench enterprises" that are participating in the Argen- Delegate to Vienna Speaks on Nuclear Issuestine privatization program.

Di Tella regretted "the lack of progress in the GATT Increased Security Proposedtalks as a result [word indistinct] of the disagreements FL1809011992 Havana Radio Rebelde Networkthat still prevail in the agricultural sector," however, in Spanish 2300 GMT 17 Sep 92

In the agreement, the parties express their "satisfaction" [Text] Cuba today expressed, in Vienna, its position on thewith the Foz de Iguazu common nuclear policy declaration advisibility of having an international instrument forsigned by Argentina and Brazil on 28 November 1990. This strengthening nuclear security. Speaking at the last sessiondeclaration establishes "the solemn renunciation of nuclear of the meeting of the board of governors of the Internationalweapons and the commitment to ratify the treaty aimed at Atomic Energy Agency, Cuban delegation leader Andresforbidding nuclear arms in Latin America." Garcia de la Cruz said this should be put into effect on the

The agreement also notes that "on 24 August, France basis of certain principles and criteria, above all respectingdecided to ratify additional protocol No. 1 of the Tlatelolco the idea that, in the last analysis, nuclear security is theTreaty and the amendments proposed to the treaty's text by responsibility of each and every nation.Argentina, Chile, and Mexico that ensure its quick ratifica-tion and implementation in those countries." Plant Construction To Continue

It states that "Argentina, Brazil, the Argentine-Brazilian FL2409015192 Havana Radio Rebelde NetworkAgency on Accounting and Control of Nuclear Material, in Spanish 2300 GMT 23 Sep 92and the International Atomic Energy Agency [IAEA] signed [Text] Cuba will continue to apply nuclear technology inand ratified a four-party agreement on the application of its biomedicine and is interested in completing theguarantees on all nuclear materials, and the activities car- construction of its first nuclear power plant. This decla-ried out in the territory under its jurisdiction." ration was just made in Vienna by Andres Garcia de la

The agreement states that both Argentina and France Cruz, the executive secretary of the Cuban Atomic"are willing to carry out joint tasks with other countries Energy Commission. Garcia de la Cruz spoke at thefor a widespread implementation of the IAEA safeguard general conference of the International Atomic Energyrules, which is an essential element for the international Agency and said that our country is making importantnuclear nonproliferation system." changes to strengthen and perfect the nuclear program,

consolidate the role of its secretariat, and complete,

CHILE despite the current limitations, important projects thathave already been started.

Talks With Argentina, Brazil on Plutonium Shipment Garcia de la Cruz reiterated that, even though thePY0310190092 Santiago Radio Chilena Network construction of the Juragua Nuclear Power Plant hasin Spanish 1700 GMT 3 Oct 92 been stopped, there is interest in completing the project

when it becomes possible. Therefore, the project will[Report by Maria Angelica Rodriguez from Punta Arenas] receive proper maintenance.

JPRS-TND-92-03710 NEAR EAST & SOUTH ASIA 9 October 1992

INDIA of keeping South Asia nuclear-free, but nuclear weapon-free. This approach will make it easier to prevent a

Firm Produces Items for CIS, Gulf Missiles, Subs nuclear war through miscalculation stated the formerBK0410092492 Delhi All India Radio Network Army chief General K Sundarji.in English 0830 GMT 4 Oct 92 Mr Sundarji was speaking on "The world power struc-[Text] The Palghat-based public sector Instrumentation ture in transition from a quasi unipolar to a guasiLimited in Kerala has developed prototypes of eight multipolar state and the options of a middle power initems for supply to defense organizations. Manufactured this millieu", organised by the United Services Institu-as part of its diversification plans, these items include tion as part of its National Security Lecture 1992.fuses for tanks, slow relay valve for Agni, Trishul, and He said further, a tripartite conference with India, ChinaAkash missiles, and bell metal instruments for subma- and Pakistan attending as full participants for limitedrines. The executive director of the company told our nuclear arsenal, agreeing on no first use, verifications,Kozhikode correspondent that it has secured orders of transparency and confidence-building measures wasabout 2.5 crore rupees for supply of these items. These overdue.are import substitute items and can save foreignexchange. The company, producing critical control In this exercise, the US as an honest broker could help invalves for industrial and nuclear power projects, has also giving credibility to verification and transparency, by thesecured orders from CIS and Gulf countries in the face of availability of its sophisticated satellite, electronic andglobal competition, other means of surveillance, he added.

Rao Returns From 'Fruitful' Paris Talks The former Army chief felt that with nuclear deterrenceBK0110080992 Delhi All India Radio Network in place between India and Pakistan, it should not bein English 0245 GMT 1 Oct 92 difficult for the two countries to agree on mutual con-

ventional force reductions. Although, Pakistan suggests[Text) The prime minister, Mr. P.V. Narasimha Rao, has that this issue should be tackled by a progressive agreedsaid that no effort will be spared to resolve all out- reduction in defence budgets, Gen Sundarji contendedstanding issues with France, including supply of that defence budget figures were usually fudged. Anenriched uranium to Tarapore Plant and cryogenic honest mutual forces reduction approach would be arocket engines. Talking to newsmen in New Delhi this mutually conventional forces reduction. For instance, ifmorning on his return from a three-day visit to France, the existing Army divisions with Pakistan and Indiahe said that the two sides have agreed to discuss all these were, say, 20 and 25, these could be gradually reduced toissues at ministerial and other levels to resolve them 16 and 20. This method was more easily verifiable,early. The French ministers concerned will be visiting opined the former Army chief.India soon. Mr. Rao said that it was agreed that thereshould not be any outstanding problem, even between This exercise was only possible if both countries workedprivate companies of the two countries. towards the improvement of mutual relations. What

needs to be kept in mind is that while minimum nuclearDescribing the visit as fruitful, Mr. Rao said that he deterrance will add to stability and peace, salvation liesfound similarity of views on international and other only in following policies of cooperation and not con-problems during his discussions with PYesident Mitter- frontation, Gen Sundarji observed.rand, Prime Minister Beregovoy-and other Frenchleaders. He said both countries felt the need to counter This is exactly what China also has in mind. Beijing is ofterrorism, particularly from across international fron- the view that the change in the world power structuretiers. He said he found the French leaders extremely from unipolar to multipolar, makes it more essential forconcerned about the problem and the two countries will nation states to maintain national power, than everhave further discussions on the matter. before. The Chinese firmly believe that as constraining

factors on the US are less now than before, more bullyingThe prime minister said the French leaders took note of can be anticipated. It is, therefore, necessary that alongIndia's stand on the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty with military power of all types, national power in its fullwhich comes up for review in 1995. The French leaders range should be developed.have similar views that the treaty should be non-discriminatory and universal in character. Mr. Rao said With a reduced Russian threat to China, the subsequentthat India will continue to have discussions with other US-Sino honeymoon of the 70's and 80's over, and acountries as well to achieve these objectives, possible congruence of US-Japanese interests in the

South-East, East Asia and Asian:Pacific region, there isFormer Army Chief on South Asia Nuclear Status likelihood of a hardening of US attitude towards theBK0510023792 Delhi INDIAN EXPRESS in English North-South question. This makes it imperative that the26 Sep 92 p 11 South unite and wrest concessions from an unwilling

North, according to the Beijing perception as recently[Text] New Delhi-India and Pakistan should declare given to Gen Sundarji. In this context, the Chinesetheir nuclear weapon status as it is no longer a question displayed interest in the former Army chief's view and

JPRS-TND-92-0379 October 1992 NEAR EAST & SOUTH ASIA 11

similar writings in the Indian media that a loose confed- IRANeration based on SAARC be evolved in the comingdecades. Daily Criticizes IAEA Leniency on Israel

LD3009144992 Tehran IRNA in English 0725 GMTThis was possible as in the changing geo-political situa- 28 Sep 92tion, China saw India as a potential ally, rather than apotential adversary. It was willing to make common [Text] Tehran Sept. 28, IRNA-A morning dailycause with India in dealing with the North in general and Monday stressed that if there is to be a resolution in thethe US in particular. This Beijing perception was bound International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) on nuclearto change its attitude towards supporting insurgencies in safety and control in the Middle East, it is expected forthe Indian North-East, the playing up of the Indian the law to be fairly applied to all the member states, evenbogey in Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan or Israel.playing up Pakistan against India. In this context, the On Friday the IAEA headed off an Arab-backed provi-Chinese exports of arms to Pakistan and other neigh- sion criticizing Israel, with the TEHRAN TIMES sayingbouring countries should not raise India's hackles. These that it was the first time in 11 years that there was nowere commercial-oriented and not given at friendship Arab resolution seeking Israel's expulsion from theprices for ideological reasons, according to Gen agency.Sundarii. "The compromise by the Arabs is apparently part of an

effort to reach a settlement with the Zionist state, evenEven for India, the new relation being worked out with though such attempts continue to be frustrated bythe US was bound to be influenced by the ill effects of the Israel's Western allies, notably the United States," com-past. Further, the US was likely to adopt a somewhat mented the daily.overbearing approach using a mix of inducement andthreat towards India. Firstly, it would attempt to force Stressing that there was no doubt about Israel's nuclearIndia to sign the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) capabilities and Tel Aviv's efforts to proliferate itsin its present form or with cosmetic modifications atomic weapons program, the article pointed to revela-Secondly, it would try to see that India gave up its quest tions made by an Israeli atomic worker early in theof dvelpin frotie tehnolgywhih th UScon decade which received extensive coverage in the mediaof developing frontier technology, which the US con- but no response from Western leaders.strues has military application. Thirdly, it would wantthat the Indian market be opened to unrestricted foreign "While Muslim countries have been continually deniedtrade. Fourthly, there would be a threat of a nuclear first access to nuclear energy, even for peaceful purposes,strike, if the US ever found any possibility of Indian Israel faces no limitations in trying to procure andinterference, even non-nuclear, to its deployments or develop atomic weapons. In Iran, for example, ourmilitary activities in the region. nuclear energy program continues to be ostracized by the

West in spite of the numerous assurances we have madeto the IAEA to work within a peaceful framework," it

It was, therefore, in the interest of all regional countries noted.that they worked towards a loose South Asian Federationbased on SAARC by 2015. India must wholeheartedly It is in this connection that Bushehr atomic power plantsupport Pakistan's right to develop and deploy a min- which was initiated by Germany's Siemens in the mid-imum nuclear deterrent. If the West was arrogant enough 70's had been left unfinished, thus depriving the countryto impose any sanctions, India and Pakistan must share of much of the energy it desperately needs, the editorialnuclear and missile technology and cooperate in all other added.spheres, according to Gen Sundaji. It lauded the IAEA's measure in censuring Iraq for

concealing 175 nuclear weapons programs, but regrettedThe concept of the strengthened regional cooperation that such punishments were extended only to the weakimplies that cooperation with China be stepped up, India countries, and not to those violators who enjoyed theand Pakistan declare a policy of nuclear minimum backing of great powers.deterrance, India open negotiations with Pakistan andChina for mutual limitations of nuclear force levels and IRAQdeployments and other confidence building measures, toeventually work out mutual reductions of deployableconventional forces. The technological thrust of the UN Supervising Destruction of CW Stockpilesregion should be to ensure that the global protection NC2909100092 Paris AFP in English 0932 GMTsystem against missile attack that the US is developing 29 Sep 92never attains an exceedingly high assurance level statis-tically against counter measures that could be devised by [Text] Baghdad, Sept 29 (AFP)-Iraq has begunIndia. destroying its chemical weapons stockpiles at a desert


site northwest of Baghdad, U.N. inspection team leader Brunner said his team had so far inspected 10 sites andBernhard Brunner said Tuesday. would carry out a final visit on Tuesday in the Baghdad

region before winding up its mission and leaving theThe weapons have been gathered at Al-Muthanna, 130 country.kilometres (80 miles) from here, where U.N. expertssupervised the building of two incinerators to burn nerve On Sunday, the inspectors paid a surprise visit to al-gas and mustard gas. Muthanna, the site where Baghdad has agreed to gather

"all its stockpiles of chemical weapons for destruction."The destruction process has started now" although

there was "still a lot of work to do," Brunner said as he Under U.N. supervision, Iraq has built two incineratorsleft Baghdad on a final inspection before leaving for at al-Muthanna to burn nerve gas and mustard gas. It liesBahrain. in the desert 130 kilometres (80 miles) northwest of

Brunner, a Swiss, said most of the chemical weapons had Baghdad.

been transferred to AI-Muthanna, where his six-member The six-member team led by Brunner has since Sep-team paid a surprise visit Sunday. The team travelled to tember 21 checked if Iraq moved all its chemical10 sites around the country during a 10-day mission. weapons to the site.

The destruction process will last from six months to a They revealed Saturday that some weapons were stillyear, the head of the previous chemical mission Ron being stored at two sites west of Baghdad but would beManley said earlier this month. transferred by Iraqi authorities to al-Muthanna.

The operation is aimed at destroying 140 tonnes of nerve The United Nations ordered the destruction of Iraq'sgas and, at a later stage, 400 tonnes of mustard gas under weapons of mass destruction after the Gulf war last year.U.N. Gulf war ceasefire resolutions ordering the elimi-nation of Iraq's weapons of mass destruction.

ISRAEL

SAIRI Reports Threat of CW Spraying in SouthNC2609145992 (Clandestine) Voice of Iraqi People U.S. Reportedly To Finance UAV Examinationin Arabic 1400 GMT 26 Sep 92 TA0510144392 Tel Aviv HA 'ARETZ in Hebrew

5 Oct 92 pp A1, A8[Text] The outcast regime intends to use chemicalweapons against civilians in south Iraq under the cover [Report by defense affairs correspondent Aluf Ben]of spraying the marshland areas with pesticides. In astatement issued yesterday, the Supreme Assembly of the [Excerpts] Next year, as part of SDI, the U.S. Govern-Islamic Revolution in Iraq, [SAIRI] said that the ostra- ment would like to allocate $43 million for the techno-cized regime is paving the way to put these areas under logical examination of the Raptor, an armed unmannedcontrol by spraying them with pesticides. SAIRI called aerial vehicle [UAV] which would fly at a high altitudeon international organizations to keep watch over the and intercept surface-to-surface missiles, such as thesouthern areas to prevent the tyrant regime from com- Scuds, at takeoff.mitting new crimes. Operational scenarios drafted by SDI and published in

JANE'S DEFENSE WEEKLY, estimate that four Rap-UN Team Finds No CW at Sites North of tors would be able to defend Israel's population centersBaghdad against missiles such as the Scuds. Thirteen such UAV's

would defend Israel and the Persian Gulf states againstNC2809190292 Paris AFP in English 1834 GMT long-range missiles fired from anywhere in Iraq. [passage28 Sep 92 omitted]

[Text] Baghdad, Sept 28 (AFP)-U.N. experts visited Israeli defense officials expressed their astonishmenttwo sites in northern Iraq on Monday in search of yesterday at the reported plan to have four UAV'schemical weapons but found nothing, the inspection defend Israeli territory. "We were not consulted on theteam leader said. matter," they said. [passage omitted]

Bernhard Brunner declined to give the exact locations Israeli security experts argue that such a UAV could notbut sources close to the inspectors said they had travelled replace a ground defense system such as the Arrowto sites around 350 kilometres (210 miles) north of because only a relative small number of UAV's could beBaghdad using German helicopters, put in the air, and they would be no protection against

hundreds of surface-to-surface missiles in the Arab coun-"We found no chemical weapons. That means they have tries. Moreover, the experts say, the Arrow and the UAVbeen destroyed or transported to al-Muthanna," the could complement each other, as different componentsSwiss team leader told reporters. of an antimissile defense system.


The experts added that possession of the Raptor would RNEW is a vital tool in the development of new elec-improve Israel/ s deterrent power. Furthermore, inter- tronic warfare tactics and in the testing and assessmentcepting the Scuds at takeoff would deter the enemy from of the homing devices installed in real missiles. Theusing biological or nuclear warheads because their coun- system is also an essential tool in the planning of realtries could be seriously harmed if the missiles blew up electronic warfare systems.over them. It would partially deter them from usingchemical warheads because the impact of an explosion inmid-air in the deserts of the Middle East, such as those in Arrow Project's Merit Questionedwestern Iraq, would be minimal. TA0110121492 Tel Aviv HA'ARETZ in Hebrew

I Oct 92pB1

Germany To Finance Third Patriot BatteryTA0610094792 TelAviv YEDI'OTAHARONOT [Article by Re'uven Pedatzur: "A Small Step on a Longin Hebrew 6 Oct 92 p 8 Road"]

[Text] The successful test launch of the Arrow missile[Report by military correspondent Dani Sade] last week should not mislead anyone. It was but one

small step on a very long road full of pitfalls. Naturally,[Text] Israel will receive another battery of Patriot there is no cause to underestimate the Israel Aircraftmissiles in five months. With its arrival here, the Air Industry's [TAIl accomplishment, which followed three

Force will have three batteries of surface-to-air missiles Ildutes lachs. lisho e remembered tha eof tis tpe.failed test launches. It should be remembered that the

of this type. only thing the IAI engineers have tackled up to this pointThe new Patriot battery will be given to Israel by has been the challenge of launching a missile-albeit aGermany in the framework of compensation for damage very fast one-and that they have not as yet beguncaused by the Gulf war, which includes six Fuchs vehi- addressing the real difficulty: the interception of offen-cles for the detection of chemical weapons substances. sive ballistic missiles.

At first, Germany wanted to give Israel a Patriot battery The Arrow project is now at a crossroads. Soon thefrom its own arsenal, but when it became apparent that defense establishment's decisionmakers will have tothis would be a PAC- 1 type battery-the first generation, make several decisions that will determine its fate. In thewhich cannot intercept surface-to-surface missiles-the absence of a public debate, pertinent issues have beenGermans agreed to finance a new Patriot battery. concealed from the public and may remain the exclusive

domain of defense elements. This does not refer to thedisclosure of secret information, merely to a businesslike

Naval, Airborne Warfare Simulator Unveiled analysis of some of the Arrow project's facets. Such anTA3009091992 Jerusalem THE JERUSALEM POST analysis may reveal various questionable points, whichin English 30 Sep 92 p 2 should be discussed in depth before the authorities

decide on the investments required to the complete the

[Report by Michael Rotem] project.There is a common misconception-and no one in the

[Text] Rafa'el, the weapons research and development defense establishment has taken the trouble to correctauthority, last week unveiled a naval or airborne elec- it-that the U.S. Administration is financing most of thetronic warfare simulator. Arrow system's development costs. If that is true, there is

The simulator consists of a large echo-less hall, with no reason to oppose a development plan that will resultspecial padding that prevents the passage of electro- in an Israeli defense system financed by a foreign gov-magnetic radiation. ernment. The truth is different, however. The U.S.

Administration is sharing in financing the developmentInside, the trainees can find simulations of all the factors of the Arrow missile only, while not allocating a cent toof the electronic warfare arena: The attacking missile's the development of the planned defense system's otherwarhead, the defending platform (airplane or naval components.craft), and the craft's electronic "protective blanket." The missile is but one component of a complex, elabo-

Inside the RNEW, as the simulator is called, the homing rate system. Among its other components are two typesmissile's warhead sends radio signals to an electronic of radar (early warning radar and fire control radar),"target wall," which simulates the ship or plane under national command and control system, communicationattack. system, launchers, missile storage installations, and a

national early warning system.The system's computers can then simulate active elec-

tronic defenses like radio jamming, or passive methods Israel alone, without American financing, will have tolike the spreading of chaff, or metal particles. The system develop all these. The development cost of the missileworks in real time, and trainees and instructors can itself will stand at 10 to 15 percent of the entire Arrowreceive the results-hit or miss-on screens. project's development cost. This means that to complete


the development of the Arrow system's other compo- have not been implemented anywhere else so far. IAInents and to purchase them, the defense establishment engineers may come up with solutions to all of them, butwill have to allocate about $8 to $10 billion over the next on the other hand, they are liable to encounter a deaddecade, in addition to missile development investments end. The Arrow's basic concepts are very interesting and(Israel is financing 28 percent of the current stage of the promising, but foreign developments of advancedmissile's development). The allocation of budgets of projects show that not all of them reached the finish linesuch order for one project is liable to bring about a total because they did not manage to clear technologicalcollapse of the IDF's [Israel Defense Forces] procure- hurdles for which, according to the original plans, appli-ment plan. Senior General Staff officers are perfectly cable solutions had been anticipated. This does not meanwell acquainted with the data and fully realize its impli- that the Arrow will meet a similar fate, but again, thecations. This is the reason for the broad opposition that policymakers must consider whether they can base suchthe Arrow project encounters in General Staff corridors. a considerable part of their defense policy against bal-

listic missiles on a project whose future hides behindTimetables are another aspect casting doubt on the such a thick technological fog.Arrow's future. Under the original schedule, the Arrowsystem was supposed to be operational by 1995. Delays The Arrow development involves many other issues.caused by previous test failures changed the target date, While some of them cannot be discussed because of theand the development was rescheduled for completion by imperative secrecy limitations, one should be men-1997. Experts close to the project estimate that this tioned: the fire control radar, whose development plantarget date as well will not be met and that development was given to Elta. Some $100 million of the defensewill not be completed before the beginning of the next budget were allocated for the initial stages of the devel-century. opment of this radar. Air Force experts have many

doubts as to Elta's capability to tackle the developmentIt is believed in Israel that by that time Arab countries of such an advanced radar. In their opinion, Elta will bewill have acquired nuclear weapons, however. Former unable to complete the development in the coming years,Defense Minister Moshe Arens estimated that additional and the process will continue for over a decade.countries in the region will be equipped with nuclearweapons within a decade. Both the Intelligence Branch Basically, this is a complicated professional argument,chief and the chief of staff endorsed the minister's view. but if the Air Force people are right, a situation may arisePrime Minister and Defense Minister Yitzhaq Rabin has in which a vital component of a defense system will bealso voiced his concern over the Arab countries' procure- incapable of performing the task for which it had beenment of nuclear weapons. If this estimate materializes created.and Middle East countries acquire ballistic missiles with There is room for pride over the Arrow's successful testnuclear warheads, the Arrow may become irrelevant launch, but this does not contradict the need to examineeven before its development has been completed. Israel's the plan. A decision to continue the project requires vastsituation is such that a missile or two, landing on its Israeli (and not American) investments. Its impact onterritory, would exact an unbearable price, which Israel the defense establishment and the entire nationalmust not countenance. economy must be examined, and the defense minister

To avert such a strike, Israel would need a completely should initiate a serious debate on its future.hermetic active defense screen. That is, it needs to beassured that 100 percent of the offensive missiles will bedestroyed. None of the people involved in the project is PAKISTANprepared to pledge such a result. The Air Force, whichdefined the Arrow's operational specifications, indicatedmuch lower destruction rates. China Offers 300 MW Nuclear Power Plant

While such defense standards can be sufficient vis-a-visScud missiles with conventional warheads, they are No Preconditions Sethardly relevant in the face of the threat of nuclear BK0510093092 Islamabad THE NEWS in Englishmissiles. The defense establishment's policymakers must 5 Oct 92 p 12decide whether the benefits Israel will derive from theArrow system in 10 or 20 years, when the Middle Eastwill be nuclear, justify the cost of completing its devel- [Text] Lahore-China has offered Pakistan a 300 MWopment and acquiring it. In a nuclear Middle East, Israel (megawatt) nuclear power plant without setting anywill have to resort to a different policy, one that is not precondition to sign the Non-Proliferation Treatybased necessarily on active defense, but mainly on deter- (NPT). This was disclosed by the Chairman Pakistanrence. Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC), Dr Ishfaq Ahmed,

while talking to the journalists after the inauguration ofNo one can anticipate the technological snags that may National Course in Uranium Geology and Explorationarise in the future stages of the Arrow development. The at the Atomic Energy Minerals Centre Lahore onproject is based on technological breakthroughs that Sunday.


Dr Ishfaq told newsmen that Beijing has told Islamabad Plant Under Constructionthat the signing of the NPT 'is Pakistan's internal con- 92 WPO298B Lahore NA WA-I- WAQT in Urducern. The plant is likely to be operational by 1998, he 13 Aug 92 p Iinformed. Pakistan would be acquiring more reactorsfrom China in the future, he said. [News Report excerpt: "Spokesman: 'The Installation ofOther countries are also willing to provide nuclear reac- a 300-Megawatt Chinese Nuclear Power Plant Hastors for power generation but want Pakistan to sign NPT Started; There Are No Doubts or Suspicions Regardingbefore entering into any such deal. He told the audience the Agreement; Pakistan Will Not Sign Any Discrimina-that Pakistan is on its way to self-reliance in the field of tory or Unequal Pact"']nuclear energy, however, and would be able to build up [Excerpt] Islamabad (News Reporter): A foreign min-its own reactors in the near future. istry spokesman said during a briefing here Wednesday

Dr Ishfaq said worldwide interest in nuclear energy has that there were no doubts or suspicions regarding the

shown resurgence now after a short lean period, agreement by China to supply a 300-megawatt [MW]nuclear power plant to Pakistan and that reports pub-lished in connection with this matter were false. TheEarlier, during his inaugural address the PAEC chief said spokesman said that the agreement to supply the 300-

Pakistani scientists would modify the Karachi nuclear MW power plant had been concluded and work on the

power plant on their own and try to extend its life till the installation of the plant had already started. He said that

first decade of the next century. "By that time we would Pakistan had yhe with the started. H ea r

have acquired and developed additional reactors to meet agency in conferred with the international nuclear

our energy needs." havenc the regard to the matter and that the plant wouldhave the safety [approval?] of the Agency. He stated thatPakistan had always made it clear that it would never

Stressing that there can be no development without sign a discriminatory and unequal pact regarding theenergy, he advocated variegated modes of power gener- designation of South Asia as a nuclear free zone; theation instead of confining to only one form of energy prime minister also had made it clear that Pakistanproduction. "Suppose the supply of Uranium gets would not enter into any agreement regarding itsrestricted it would be a catastrophe to depend exclusively peaceful nuclear program. The spokesman referred to aon nuclear plants in such a situation." press report and said in explanation that the interna-

tional agency for nuclear safety was not considering anyHe also emphasised the check on Green House Effect. If proposal under which countries that had not signed theits growth is not arrested, it will have adverse effects on NPT (Nonproliferation Treaty) would be asked to openecology, he added. to inspection those nuclear installations that are not

ordinarily open to such inspection. The spokesmanTalking about the New World Order, he expressed the stated that the board of governors of the internationalhope that it would be fair to all the regions and countries agency for nuclear safety would be meeting in Viennaof the world. "If the old way of thinking persists, the next month and its agenda did not include any suchworld is likely to split once again into haves and have proposal. [passages omitted]nots."

Dr Ishfaq said, "while taking into consideration the Nuclear Reactors To Foster Self-Sufficiencythree E's-Energy, Economics and Environment we BK0410153892 Hong Kong AFP in English 1511 GMTshould also concentrate on three F's-Fast forwarding to 4 Oct 92the Future."

[Text] ISLAMABAD, Oct 4 (AFP)-Pakistan plans toDr Younes Mughal, Director Atomic Energy Minerals develop its own nuclear reactors to generate enoughCentre, told the audience that with International Atomic energy to achieve self-sufficiency, the chairman of theEnergy Agency's (IAEA) help Pakistan has been able to Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) saiddiscover fresh and greater reserves of Uranium in the Sunday.Bannu Basin. He told the participants that IAEA washelping Pakistan in incorporating new techniques in the Ashfaq Ahmad made his remarks in a speech to partic-field of nuclear energy, "which will help us meet our ipants in a 22-day course on uranium geology andfuture energy needs." exploration in Lahore, organized with the cooperation of

the International Atomic Energy Agency.He informed Pakistani and Iranian participants of the Pakistan now has a 90 megawatt nuclear power station,course would receive instructions from highly qualified supplied by Canada some three decades ago, in the portinstructors from France, Canada, Italy and Germany. city of Karachi in the southern province of Sindh.

Addressing the seminar, Daniel Faure, Course Coordi- A second nuclear power station of 300 megawatts isnator of IAEA, said the Uranium cannot be explored being built by China in the Punjab province under anwithout the proper knowledge of geology, agreement signed last year.


Ahmad said the PAEC would make certain changes to , The spokesman added that the position of the Unitedthe Karachi reactor to keep it operative for another States on Pakistan's nuclear programme is well known todecade. everyone. As far as the Government of Pakistan is

concerned, he said the prime minister has recently statedEarlier, a PAEC official said Pakistani geologists had in unequivocal terms that Pakistan has the sovereignfound uranium deposits near Dera Ghazi Khan in right to develop its nuclear programme for peacefulPunjab and also near Bannu in the North West Frontier purposes.Province.

The spokesman said the prime minister had furtherHe said the finds would help the country achieve self- stated that there is no question of any roll back ofsufficiency in uranium. Pakistan's nuclear programme.

Pakistan is known to have acquired the know-how and He said in line with its policy, Pakistan will be ready totechnolgy to enrich uranium. accept non-discriminatory and equitable nuclear non-

proliferation regime in South Asia, however.Reports of IAEA Inspection Termed 'Baseless'

92WPO308A Quetta BALOCHISTAN TIMES SYRIAin English 13 Aug 92 p 6

AI-Shar' Links CW Treaty to Nuclear Pact, Israel[Article: "China To Supply Nuclear Power Plant to JN211999 L aacs Syrian Aa Telea Ision

Pakistan, Work on Installation Site Going Apace"] JN0210194992 Damascus Syrian Arab TelevisionNetwork in Arabic 1830 GMIT 2 Oct 92[Text] Islamabad, Aug 12. A Foreign Office Spokesman [Text] Foreign Minister Faruq al-Shar' has made thesaid here today there is no proposal under consideration [etForig mint Faruq al-ahs madetof the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) following statement to a Syrian Arab Television corre-under which a non-signatory of the Nuclear Non- spondent: Arab foreign ministers held a meeting inPrlierathion Trat y (NPT wil e required r to open- up which they discussed the peace talks and process. TheyProliferation Treaty (NPT) will be required to open up also discussed the treaty banning chemical weapons andits nuclear facilities for inspection of the IAEA. agreed to link the Arab states' endorsement of the treatyBriefing newsmen, the spokesman said a new item which to Israel's endorsement of the Nuclear Nonproliferationappeared in an English daily and giving an impression Treaty.that a proposal has been tabled at IAEA's headquarters The Arab foreign ministers also stressed that the boycottat Vienna which if approved, will give the right to the on Israel should not be lifted until Israel implements theAgency to demand opening up of all nuclear facilities by resolutions of international legitimacy regarding thethe non-signatories of the NPT, is also incorrect.reouinofntnaoalegimcrgrdgthpeace process and withdrawal from the occupied Arab

He said there is no such item even on the agenda for the territories.next meeting of the Board of Governors of the IAEA Foreign Minister al-Shar' also held a meeting with themeeting in September. foreign ministers of Saudi Arabia and the United Arab

Similarly, the spokesman also termed as baseless some Emirates [UAE], in which they discussed the disputenews reports recently appearing in the press, expressing over Abu Musa Island between the UAE and Iran. Theydoubts about the implementation of Pak-China agree- asserted that the dispute should be resolved by politicalment under which China will supply a 300 megawatt means and good-neighborly relations.nuclear power plant to Pakistan. Foreign Minister al-Shar' returned to Damascus this

He said another agreement was also signed with the morning from Rabat at the end of a brief visit on his wayIAEA for the safeguards under which the plant will be back from New York after participating in the 47thinstalled, session of the UN General Assembly. Al-Shar' met with

King Hassan II of Morocco last night.He said that the work on the site for the installation theplant has already started and is progressing satisfactorily. Foreign Minister al-Shar' was seen off at Rabat's inter-

national airport by Dr. Abdellatif Filali, Moroccan min-The spokesman replied in negative when asked if the ister of state for foreign affairs and cooperation, seniorUnited States or IAEA had asked for one time inspection Moroccan Foreign Ministry officials, as well as theof Pakistan's nuclear facilities. Syrian charge d'affaires and embassy staff in Rabat.

JPRS-TND-92-0379 October 1992 CENTRAL EURASIA 17

CIS Nuclear Arms Security Worries Poles Arzamas-16 and an expert in MIRV-ed nuclear war-93PSOOO5A Moscow KURANTY in Russian 16 Sep 92 heads from Ukraine. Since late 1991 14 scientists fromp 6 the CIS have already been working in Iran. The Iranians

have concluded work contracts with 50 others and 200technicians. Are we heeding the Bundesnachrichtendi-

[Dispatch by Anna Taukhert from Warsaw: "Scandal: enst's warning? Are we not trying to ascribe everythingNuclear Garrison"] once again-as we did a few months ago-to provoca-

dtactical missiles were located tions and intrigues by foreign competitors? At any rate[Text] Nuclear charges and tatclmsie eelctd these reports must be checked out by both countries,

on the territory of the largest former Soviet Army base in eseciallytsinest be decied to opnaoiciaPolad (n Bony-ulimv).Eve theRusian iliary especially since it has been decided to open an official

Poland (in Bowy-Sulimov). Even the Russian military Bundesnachrichtendienst office in Moscow and a branchcommand now admits this fact. Russian authorities of the Russian special services at our embassy in Bonn.

assert that the missiles, along with their dangerouswarheads, were removed in April and May of this year.And such declarations are so far the only clear guarantee CIS' Shaposhnikov on Status of Nuclear Forcesof local "denuclearization": the garrison command did MK0810084 792 Moscow NEZA VISIMA YA GAZETAnot permit Polish specialists to carry out an inspection of in Russian 8 Oct 92 p 1warehouses and storage buildings.

The Russians declared that their army has its own [Interview with Marshal of Aviation Yevgeniy Shaposh-service arms capable of seeing to the security of all types nikov, CIS commander in chief, by Pavel Felgengauer in

of weapons still remaining on the garrison's territory. Paris, date not given, under the "Army" rubric: "CISThe command asserts that there are no chemical Problems Will be Discussed at Top-Level Meeting inweapons or other types of dangerous substances on its Bishkek Today. Marshal Shaposhnikov: 'I Am Prepared"extraterritorial" land. However, it was precisely from To Hand Over Nuclear Briefcase to Russian Defensethis unit that, in June of this year, three capsules of Ministry Even Today"'-first paragraph is introduction]cesium-137 were stolen. They were stolen by soldiers of [Text] In several of his last public speeches (including 29the former Soviet Army who had been discharged into September at the Paris colloquium at which defensethe reserves but nonetheless remained in Poland. ministers of the main West European countries had

The garrison prosecutor reported the loss of the dan- gathered), Marshal of Aviation Yevgeniy Shaposhnikov,gerous substance only eight days after the fact. The commander in chief of the CIS, proposed that all thePolish police have as yet not found all the stolen mate- strategic forces of the former Union be transferredrial. immediately to Russian jurisdiction, without waiting

until 1994, as had been proposed earlier. The situation inthe strategic nuclear forces will be discussed at the

CIS Nuclear Brain Drain Alarms Germany top-level meeting in Bishkek, and it must be assumed

PM0510145192 Moscow Teleradiokompaniya that not all "nuclear" CIS states will support the com-Ostankino Television First Program Network mander in chief s stance. Nevertheless, MarshalinORssanin Tele8isio G irsT P m NShaposhnikov agreed to explain Russia's stance (andin Russian 1800 GMT 30 Sep 92 that of the CIS High Command) in an exclusive inter-

view to NEZAVISIMAYA GAZETA at the end of the[Video report by V. Kondratyev and V. Agayev; from the colloquium in Paris."Novosti" newscast] [Felgengauer] .Yevgeniy Ivanovich, you have stated that

[Text] [Kondratyev] This February, on Hans-Dietrich all the former Union's nuclear weapons should immedi-Genscher's initiative and with the backing of the United ately become Russian, including those that are nowStates and the EEC, it was decided to set up an interna- located on the territory of other independent states. Istional scientific and technological center in Russia. The this now your official stance as commander in chief ofcenter is to prevent our nuclear scientists from emi- the CIS Joint Armed Forces?grating. But, as you know, nothing happens quickly in [Shaposhnikov] Yes, that is my official stance. If we haveour country. There is no center as yet, and that has had f t irapid consequences. The Bundesnachrichetendienst, the found the possibility of dividing up conventional armedfederal intelligence service, sounded the alarm despite forces and weapons in a more or less civilized way, thenthe views of the Russian and CIS authorities that there it is particularly imperative that we do not leave suchhave been no cases of nuclear weapons specialists emi- terrible weapons as nuclear weapons without specificgrating. Federal Chancellory State Minister Schmid- national state control.bauer, in charge of intelligence, has handed over a file [Felgengauer] But in that case what will the CIS Highnaming the countries where our people are either already Command control if the strategic forces, too, areworking or which are actively recruiting them. These removed from its jurisdiction?include Algeria, Brazil, China, and Libya. According toBundesnachrichtendienst, there are roughly 50 experts [Shaposhnikov] When I discussed this problem with onein Iraq, including one laser weapons specialist from of the four leaders of the CIS "nuclear" states, he made

JPRS-TND-92-03718 CENTRAL EURASIA 9 October 1992

strong allusions to the fact that "your status will also from the USSR Defense Ministry. So how do you,decrease considerably then." I would like to say loud and Yevgeniy Ivanovich, specifically control our strategicclear through your newspaper that for me the question of nuclear potential?which state has ownership of the nuclear forces is moreimportant than my personal status. I am prepared to [Shaposhnikov] We have the decree of President Yeltsin,hand over the nuclear briefcase to the Russian Defense which was signed back in December 1991 after formerMinistry today or tomorrow (with the agreement of the USSR President Gorbachev handed over the "nuclearother states). A different formula is also possible, but one button" to him. This document sets everything out, andstate should be responsible for nuclear weapons. no changes have been made since then. I have not

encountered any friction with the relevant Russian[Felgengauer] Incidentally, talking of the "nuclear brief- Defense Ministry structures. We are operating in accor-case." You are in Paris with me at the moment, so who dance with the presidential decree.is now in control of the nuclear "button" in the CIS? [Felgengauer] Has this decree been published?

[Shaposhnikov] President Yeltsin and I have elaborated [Shaposhnikov] It is secret.a reliable control system, so no one should have anydoubts about that. Everything is in order. [Felgengauer] So, you are insisting on the formation ofCIS joint peacekeeping forces?

[Felgengauer] The command of the Strategic Rocket [Shaposhnikov] Yes. The situation in Tajikistan andForces changed recently. General Maksimov left and was other CIS countries demands the formation of suchreplaced by General Smirnov.... forces. All CIS leaders will understand sooner or later

[Shaposhnikov] General Maksimov did not leave. He that it is necessary to form joint forces.

was appointed to the post of commander of the CISStrategic Forces by all the CIS heads of state. He wassimply combining two posts: commander of the Strategic 0W0710120792 Moscow INTERFAX in EnglishRocket Forces and of the CIS Strategic Forces. Now 1111 GMT 07 Oct 92Russia has appointed a new commander of the StrategicRocket Forces, and Maksimov has remained as com- [Transmitted via KYODO]mander of the CIS Strategic Forces. Maksimov willprobably leave this post, too, however, and one of the [Text] Representatives of all the Commonwealth's statespossible options is that I will fulfill his duties during a are participating in the session of the Council of Defensetransitional period. Unless, of course, the CIS heads of ministers of the CIS states opened on October 7 instate decide to transfer all strategic nuclear forces to Bishkek. Moldova and Azerbaijan have sent their super-Russia. I will raise this issue at the conference of CIS visors. Supervisors from Georgia are expected to arriveheads of state in Bishkek. soon.

While opening the session Ivan Korotchenya, a coordi-[Felgengauer] Until now, the Russian Federation's offi- nator of the CIS working group, reported that the agendacial stance was that until the beginning of 1994, while of the session of the heads of the states and the heads ofpart of the nuclear weapons of the former Union are in the governments scheduled for October 9 in Bishkekfact deployed on the territory of other independent includes 9 military issues.states, they will be under joint command and singlecommand at the same time. Only in 1994 will the status In the first half of the day the session discussed the issueof nuclear power be finally and fully transferred to on the status of the strategic nuclear forces. According toRussia. Tell me, has your present official stance been the Russian Defense Minister Pavel Grachev, the issuecoordinated with the Russian leadership? on joint security is supposed to be the most difficult to

solve. In his interview with an INTERFAX correspon-[Shaposhnikov] It has been coordinated with President dent Marina Chernukha, he put forward a suppositionYeltsin and the Russian Federation Ministry of Defense. that the parties will hardly manage to make an agreementThis is our joint stance. Certain leaders of other states on the status of the strategic nuclear forces. According toare maintain that "while nuclear weapons are located on Grachev, Belarus has completely settled this issue andour territory, you, Yevgeniy Ivanovich, will be our ears the terms of the nuclear forces withdrawal had even beenand eyes" in this supposedly joint system of command reduced from seven to three years. Russia has not solvedand control. the problem of forces withdrawal to the Russian territory

with Kazakhstan yet, but there are no problems with[Felgengauer] In purely territorial terms, the services respect to their control, command, and usage, the Rus-which control the strategic nuclear weapons have not sian minister emphasized. "But, for the present time, werelocated anywhere in connection with the creation of cannot reach an agreement with UKRAINE." Yevgeniythe CIS High Command in the complex of buildings at Shaposhnikov, the commander-in-chief of the CIS Joint41 Leningradskoye Shosse in Moscow. They seem to Armed Forces, told INTERFAX in his turn that, ashave been "inherited" by the Russian Defense Ministry before, Ukraine would occupy a separate position and


would object to transfer of the strategic nuclear forces start envisage producing here toxic chemical agents.under Russia's jurisdiction. "I think that the presidents Paints, lacquers, dyes for the leather and textile indus-must solve this issue," Shaposhnikov said. According to tries, household chemicals-that is the basic list ofthe minister, Ukraine must announce whether it output which is being produced even now. But at thebecomes a nuclear state or it must hand over the beginning of the 70's the so-called "production facilityweapons under the Russian jurisdiction. But Ukraine, No. 3" was nevertheless created here, where sincethe commander-in-chief said, refuses to accept either December 1972 one of the most potent organophos-this or that variant, this means that the nuclear forces are phoric toxic chemical agents-VX-has been manufac-staying without any state belonging and this is dangerous tured, a fatal dose of which is only 0.4 milligrams. But,for the whole world, Shaposhnikov emphasized. only individual people knew about this production

facility. Even among the republic's leadership only twoIvan Bizhan, the deputy defense minister of Ukraine, or three people were privy to it.believes that the conflict situation related to the strategicforces appeared due to the intention of the CIS com-mander-in-chief to include into composition of the stra- Apart from the protection offered purely by its secrettegic forces such forces which have no connection with status, production was reliably concealed by technicalthem." means. The monitoring which the third Main Adminis-tration of the Ministry of Health carried out did not once

record the presence of anything like VX in the soil, air, orCIS Chemical Weapons Destruction Sites Eyed water. Although, of course, during 15 years' continuousPM2909133992 Moscow KRASNAYA ZVEZDA work incidents were impossible to avoid. For example,in Russian 24 Sep 92 p 3 in 1974 there was a fire in the finished products store-

room. Firemen succeeded in putting it out quickly, but[Report by KRASNAYA ZVEZDA correspondent one or two of them were nevertheless "poisoned"Aleksandr Dolgikh: "Chemical Weapons Must Be slightly, which caused their "systems to be upset for aDestroyed. But Where? Perhaps Where They Were Being short time." There were also several unpleasant inci-Produced Not So Long Ago?"] dents connected with disturbances to the manufacturing

cycle. But, the documents testify, none of this had any[Text] Our correspondent visited the "Khimprom" pro- serious consequences.duction association in Novocheboksarsk.

Some preliminary information. Our Armed Forces have I repeat that production of toxic chemical agents wasat present about 40,000 tonnes of toxic chemical agents stopped as of 1987. Some 2,500 people, who until thenin their arsenal. The Americans have approximately the had been working at "production facility No. 3.," foundsame amount. Since 1987 production of these agents has themselves out of work at that point. It should bestopped completely here (in the United States it stopped pointed out that these specialists were of a high class:even earlier). On 23 September 1989 the USSR and Discipline, organization, and professionalism were theUnited States Presidents signed the "Memorandum on main criteria by which they were selected. The majorityan Understanding Between the Governments of the of them were assigned to other sections of"Khimprom,"Union of Soviet Socialists Republics and the United and some remained at "production facility No. 3." TheStates of America Regarding a Bilateral Experiment to point is that before basic production at "productionMonitor and Exchange Information in Connection with facility No. 3" was halted, a few products were producedBanning Chemical Weapons," by which the sides under- for the national economy: different kinds of plasticizers,took to give each other information about their facilities kompleksony [meaning unknown, possibly chelates]],for producing chemical agents, their precise geographical and antioxidants. Incidentally, as concerns the antioxi-location, the types of agents produced, and the muni- dants (agent used in tire production which preventstions which had been prepared at particular enterprises. rubber from aging), they are not produced anywhere else

in Russia apart from at Novocheboksarsk.In Geneva at the end of August the final meeting tookplace of experts who discussed the final version of the None of this goes any way at all to compensate the plantinternational Convention on Banning the Development, for expenses it is bearing owing to its equipment being atProduction, Stockpiling, and Use of Chemical Weapons a standstill and having to maintain it in an appropriateand their Destruction. It is very likely that it will come state. This year alone they will amount to more than 135into force at the beginning of next year; then Russia, like million rubles [R]. Therefore, during the Russian presi-other countries which possess these weapons, should dent's recent visit to "Khimprom," those working at thedestroy them within a 10-year deadline, however, plant asked him to resolve the question of "production

Novocheboksarsk is one of those cities which we are No. 3" as quickly as possible.accustomed to calling factory cities. The first inhabitantregistered here in 1961, and now there are about 130,000 The above-mentioned draft convention enshrines theinhabitants. It is difficult to say what was in the heads of idea of using chemical weapons production facilities forthe founders of the "Khimprom" production' associa- these weapons' destruction. Therefore, it is highly likelytion, but, to all appearances, they did not from the very that this is what the Novocheboksarsk workers will have


to do in the near future. The Russian Federation presi- Commentary on U.S. Suspension of Nuclear Testsdent's Committee for Problems of Chemical and Biolog- LD0710124192 Moscow Radio Moscow World Serviceical Weapons Conventions is scrutinizing this option, in English 1810 GMT 5 Oct 92and the "Khimprom" production association is in prin-ciple ready for this. It is supposed that the overall cost ofthis program to destroy toxic chemical agents should [Commentary by Vladislav Kozyakov]amount to about R3.5 billion] at 1991 prices. [Text] On 2 October President George Bush signed a bill

which makes a provision for suspending nuclear tests for"Only this program," the association's deputy general nine months, then a limitation for such tests for threedirector A. Shkuro said to me, "should be elaborated in years and after that a complete ban on nuclear tests bya very open manner, and should be accompanied by 1996. Commentator Vladislav Kozyakov looks at theauthoritative expert examinations, right down to inter- implications. He points to the following:national ones, when it is being put into effect. Otherwiseyou will get what happened in Chapayevsk, when the To be brief, we can use a well known idiom. The ice hascity's inhabitants were confronted with the fact that a finally been broken. There were doubts up to the veryplant to destroy toxic chemical agents had been opened. last moment whether the United States was going toIndeed, an expert examination confirmed that this plant change its nuclear test policy or not. It would seem thatwas ecologically safe, but what was the sense in con- [as heard] the international situation as it is, the Unitedcealing what the people would sooner or later find out States should take a new look at the problem. If the coldanyway?! The result was as follows: The plant, which is war has vanished with its Moscow-Washington contro-designed to destroy up to 350 tonnes of toxic chemical versy, if agreements have been signed on considerablyagents annually, has been standing idle for three years reducing nuclear arms and if Russia and France areagent. adhering to the moratorium on nuclear tests, why shouldnow." the United States continue its nuclear explosions in the

state of Nevada?Such questions as the siting of particularly dangerousplants should without doubt be resolved taking stock of But, even when the Senate and the House of Represen-the opinions of the people living there. On 12 June B. tatives voted for the moratorium and eventually forYeltsin signed the Decree "On Immediate Measures for banning nuclear tests, still up to 2 October (?which is)Preparing To Carry Out Russia's International Obliga- last Friday, it was not clear whether the White Housetions in the Area of Destroying Chemical Weapons would pass the bill and make it a law or not. TheStockpiles," which stipulates the creation of benefits for Pentagon's position in a way promoted this uncertainty.those who will be engaged in destroying toxic chemical Pentagon representatives have denounced the phrase,agents, the construction of social facilities and diagnostic the ban on nuclear tests, altogether. On 4th August acenters in a 15 kilometer zone, and mandatory state Pentagon spokesman said his organization was againstinsurance, the suspension, as well as the full ban on nuclear tests. He

added that Defense Secretary Dick Cheney was going torecommend to the president a veto to end all nuclear

If we are to talk about the technology for destroying toxic tests.chemical agents, it has already been produced in Russia,and has been approved by an international commission But what did have its influence on the White Houseof experts. In short it amounts to the following. Shells, then? Some American observers say that President Bushbombs, missile warheads etc., which contain toxic chem- passed the bill to gain points in his election campaign.ical agents are first of all drilled through. Then the toxic The Democratic nominee Bill Clinton is for a stage-

,agent is "sucked up" through the hole, and immediately by-stage limitation of nuclear tests and then a full ban ondetoxified. Materials which have undergone reactions such tests. Some observers believe that George Bush didare recycled or burned. This is as far as organophos- so because the U.S. Congress had included its regulationsphorus toxic agents (sarin, zaman [translation in the moratorium, which provides for the constructionunknown], and VX) are concerned. There is every indi- of a super powerful particle accelerator in Texas, a keycation that Lewisite will through processing be used as a state in the 3 November election.raw material for producing pure arsenic (which is used in Meanwhile, the problem of stopping tests of nuclearradioelectronics). arms has long since gone over the framework of political

campaigns. Even if we think from the point of view ofThat is how it is planned to destroy chemical weapons in the policy of nuclear deterrence, which supporters ofour country. It is, nevertheless, unclear where this is continuing the tests in Nevada very often quote, thegoing to take place, however. The final decision depends moratorium meets the national interests of the Unitedon many factors. First and foremost on those people who States of America. After all, the present understanding oflive in Novocheboksarsk, Volgograd, Chapayevsk, deterrence means adopting effective measures againstBerezniki, and other cities where this terrible weapon nuclear arms proliferation; that is just what the Unitedwas produced just recently, and where there are the States Administration believes to be primary. The dis-conditions for its destruction. continuation of nuclear tests is one of such measures.


Senate Democratic leader, George Mitchell, has said that Minister Georgiy Kunadze in Moscow. A Russian For-a test ban would be an obvious first step in discouraging eign Office spokesman told newsmen in Moscow that theother nations from developing such weapons of mass two sides exchanged views on bilateral, regional, anddestruction. international issues, including South and Southwest

Asia. They discussed matters relating to nuclear nonpro-The new United States law on nuclear tests will undoubt- liferation in the region and reviewed the situation inedly bring in a good effect into relations between Russia Afghanistan and the question of the early return ofand the United States. The law brings the positions of prisoners of war captured during the Afghan conflict.Moscow and Washington, therefore, closer together onone of the most important international problems. When Russian Minister Attends Tokyo Nuclearthe law is enacted we will be able to say that Russia and S siamthe United States not only belong to nuclear powers but Symposiumthey are now also among countries which call for ban- LD0510200992 Moscow ITAR-TASS in Englishning all nuclear tests. 1537 GMT 5 Oct 92

Russia, U.S. Sign Defense Agreement [By ITAR-TASS correspondent Andrey Varlamov]

LD0610230892 Moscow ITAR-TASS in English [Text] Tokyo October 5 TASS-Nikolay Yegorov, Rus-2032 GMT 6 Oct 92 sian deputy minister for nuclear energy, told ITAR-

TASS that Russia is prepared to cooperate with state and[By ITAR-TASS correspondent Vladimir Matyash] private structures of other countries on all the ranges of

the conversion of the Russian nuclear complex. Yegorov[Text] Washington D.C. October 6 TASS-An agree- heads the Russian delegation to the first Russo-ment on technical assistance in design of safe, protected Japanese-U.S. symposium that opened in Tokyo onand ecologically reliable storage of splitting materials Monday. The symposium on the "control over nuclearreceived as result of nuclear arms destruction was signed arms and nuclear research after the ending of the calledhere on Tuesday by Russian Ambassador in the United [as received] war-prospects for peaceful uses" wasStates Vladimir Lukin and First Deputy Secretary of organised by the Japanese newspaper YOMIURI withDefence Donald Atwood. the assistance of the Japanese Foreign Ministry and

Japan's Science and Technology Agency and also withThe agreement between of the Russian nuclear power the assistance of the Russian non-governmental organi-engineering ministry and the U.S. defence department is sation "Council for Foreign Policy and Defence.part of joint efforts of the Russian Federation and theUnited States aimed to curtail mass destruction Participants in the symposium pointed to the danger ofweapons' arsenals and eliminate the aftermath of arms nuclear terrorism that enhances proportionately to therace. widening of raw material market for nuclear power. The

U.S. side believes that each country having nuclearThe agreement fulfillment will contribute to the solution power stations should clearly determine its needs in fuelof the problem of splitting materials received from and should not permit free travel of uranium and pluto-destroyed nuclear arms of the Russian Federation and nium meant for peaceful uses across its borders. More-contribute to the prevention of proliferation of mass over, while Russia and the U.S. undergo disarmament, itdestruction arms. should not be forgotten that nuclear weapons are pos-

sessed by Britain, France, China, that nuclear prepara-Russia Hails U.S. Ratification of Arms Treaty tions are being made by India, Iraq, Pakistan, Israel,LD0210231492 Moscow Radio Moscow World Service North Korea. The role of international inspections ofin English 2200 GMT 2 Oct 92 nuclear facilities enhances in this connection.

[Text] A Foreign Ministry spokesman in Moscow has Japanese participants in the symposium stressed in theirwelcomed the news about the ratification of the Strategic speeches that Japan, in principle, is prepared to helpArms Treaty by the United States Congress. Mr. Sergey develop technologies for the processing of weapon-gradeYastrzhembskiy said his country would also try to speed plutonium. There is even a theoretical possibility of aup the ratification process by its parliament. The variant under which Japan would purchase Russianspokesman also said that the two countries were engaged plutonium via the U.S. and would process it at its ownin intensive talks in a bid to hammer out an agreement reactor, Ichihisa Mori, acting director of the Japaneseon further cutbacks in nuclear weapons. Nuclear Industrial Forum, said.

In the interview with ITAR-TASS, Yegorov refuted aRussian, Pakistani Officials Discuss Proliferation report published by YOMIURI on Monday that RussiaBK3009095892 Islamabad Radio Pakistan Network had suggested to Japan a project of using as fuel forin Urdu 0200 GMT 30 Sep 92 Japanese reactors Russian plutonium resulting from the

dismantling of nuclear weapons. "It was not a project but[Text] Akram Zaki, the secretary general of foreign merely an unofficial proposal, one of possibilities ofaffairs, held detailed talks with Russia's Deputy Foreign cooperation", Yegorov said.


Russian Official Warns of Nuclear Threat 2. The government of the Russian Federation is to0W3009102192 Tokyo KYODO in English 0959 GMT approve the statute on the procedure for control of

30 Sep 92 exports from the Russian Federation of chemicals andtechnologies which are of worldwide significance but can

[Text] Moscow, Sept. 30 KYODO-Russian Deputy be used in the creation of chemical weapons.Prime Minister Mikhail Poltoranin told Asian newsagency executives Wednesday [30 September] the world [Signed] President of the Russian Federation B. Yeltsinwould face a real nuclear threat if Russia's transforma- 16 September 1992.tion to democracy failed. No. 508-rp.

Speaking at the opening of the 13th executive boardmeeting of the Organization of Asia-Pacific News Agen- List of chemicals and technologies which are of worldwidecies (OANA), Poltoranin, who is also minister of press significance but can be used in the creation of chemicaland information, said Russia's move from communismto democracy is irreversible. weapons and which are exported under licenses

"Democracy has survived and gained momentum," he Section 1. Chemicals

said in explaining the efforts Russians have made since No. of Name of chemical Code on commodity list

last year when the Soviet Union collapsed. position for foreign economic_______activity

But, he said there are still many "revenge seekers," and 1.1. Compounds with one P- 293100100; 293100200;"if we failed, the world would face a real nuclear threat." methyl, P-ethyl, or P- 293100300; 293100900

propyl (normal or iso)

"We hope we will be supported and helped by our bond

neighbors." 1.2. N, N-diisopropylaminoet- 292119900hyl-2-chloride

Poltoranin said Russian journalists proved to be loyal as 1.3. N, N-diisopropylaminoet- 293090800reporters of truth in their role of reporting events that hane-2-thiolhave taken place since last year. 1.4. N, N-diisopropylaminoet- 292219000

He said the Russians are committed to the free flow of hane-2-ol

information. 1.5. Diethyl- N, N-dimethyla- 292119900midophosphates

The two-day OANA meeting got underway at the head 1.6. pinacolyl alcohol 290519900office of the host ITAR-TASS NEWS AGENCY 1.7. 3-hydroxi-1-methylpip- 293339900Wednesday. eridine

Representatives from news agencies of China, India, 1.8. quinuclidine-3-ol 293339900Indonesia, Iran, Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, Paki- 1.9. thiodiglycol 293090800stan, Vietnam, and Russia are taking part in the meeting. 1.10. arsenic trichloride 281210900

KYODO NEWS SERVICE of Japan is the current 1.11. cyanogen chloride 285100900president of OANA. 1.12. dichloranhydride 281210900

carbonic acid

Russia Approves Dual-Use Chemical Export 1.13. hydrogen cyanide 281119000

Controls 1.14. trichlornitromethane 290490900(chloropicrin)

Presidential Directive 1.15. dimethylphosphite 292090200

925DO750A Moscow ROSSIYSKA YA GAZETA 1.16. trimethylphosphite 292090300

in Russian 30 Sep 92 p 3 1.17. diethylphosphite 292090800

1.18. triethylphosphite 292090800

["Directive of the president of the Russian Federation: 1.19. chlorhydratedimethylmine 292111900On Introduction of Control of Exports from the Russian 1.20. phosphorus trichloride 281210150Federation of Chemicals and Technologies Which Are of 1.21. phosphorus pentachloride 281210190Worldwide Significance But Can Be Used In the Cre-ation of Chemical Weapons"] 1.22. phosphorus oxychloride 281210110

1.23. hydrogen fluoride and its 281111000; 282611000;[Text] 1. To approve the list submitted by the govern- wits 282619000ment of the Russian Federation of chemicals and tech- 291819900nologies which are of worldwide significance but can beused in the creation of chemical weapons which are 1.25. 3-quinuclidine 293339900

exported under licenses (appended).


List of chemicals and technologies which are of worldwide 11.1.19 phostetrol I

significance but can be used in the creation of chemical 11.2. Production technology

weapons and which are exported under licenses N, N-diisopropylaminoethyl-2-chloride(Continued) 11.3. Production technology

Section I. Chemicals N, N-diisopropylaminoethane-2-ol

No. of Name of chemical Code on commodity flat 11.4. Production technologyposition for foreign economic N, N-diisopropylaminoethane-2-thiol

1.26 dimethylamine 292111110; 292111190 11.5. Production technology

1.27. thionylchloride 281210900 diethyl-N, N-dimethylamidophosphates

1.28. methylbenzylate 291819900 11.6. Production technology for pinacoline alcohol

1.29. chlorethanol 290550100 11.7. Production technology for thiodiglycol

1.30. pinanolene 291419000 11.8. Production technology for cyanogen chloride

1.31. potassium cyanide 283719000 11.9. Production technology for dimethylphosphite

1.32. sulfur monochloride 281210900 11.10. Production technology for phosphorus trichloride

1.33. sulfur dichloride 281210900 11.11. Production technology for phosphorus pentachloride

1.34. dimethylaminhydrochlo- 292111900 11.12. Production technology for phosphorus oxychlorideride

1.35. sodium cyanide 283711000 Gverment Decree1.36. triethanolamine 292213000 925DO750B Moscow ROSSIYSKAYA GAZETA1.37. phosphorus pentasulfide 281390100 in Russian 30 Sep 92 p 41.38. diisopropylamine 292119900

1.39. diethylaminoethanol 292219000 ["Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation1.40. sodium sulfide 283010000 of 18 September 1992, No. 734, Moscow: On Approval

of the Statute on the Procedure for Control of ExportsSection II. Technologies from the Russian Federation of Chemicals and Technol-

ogies Which Areof Worldwide Significance But May BeNo. of Name of technology Used in the Creation of Chemical Weapons"]

11.1. Technology for producing compounds containing P-methyl, P-ethyl, or P-Propyl (normal or iso) compound: [Text] In keeping with the directive of the president of

11.1.1. dimethylmethylphosphonate the Russian Federation of 16 September 1992 No. 508-rp "On Introduction of Control of Exports from the

11.1.2. methylphosphonyldifluoride Russian Federation of Chemicals and Technologies11.1.3. methylphosphonyldichloride Which Are of Worldwide Significance But Can Be Used11.1.4. diethylethylphosphonate In the Creation of Chemical Weapons," the government11.1.5. ethylphosphonyldichloride of the Russian Federation decrees:

11.1.6. ethylphosphinyldichloride 1. To approve the appended statute on the procedure for11.1.7. ethylphosphonyldifluoride control of exports from the Russian Federation of chem-11.1.8. methylphosphinyldichloride icals and technologies which are of worldwide signifi-11.1.9. 0-ethyl-2-diisopropylaminoethylmethylphosphonite cance but may be used in the creation of chemical

weapons.11.1.10. diethylmethylphosphonite

11.1.11. dimethylethylphosphonate 2. Commissions for export control of the Russian Fed-11.1.12. ethylphosphinyldifluoride eration under the government of the Russian Federation11.1.13 methylphosphinyldifluoride in conjunction with the Ministry of Foreign Economic

Relations of the Russian Federation and the State Cus-11.1.14. phosphacrylate toms Committee of the Russian Federation are to pro-11.1.15. phosdiol-A vide for organization of control of exports from the11.1.16. estephane-383 Russian Federation of chemicals and technologies which

11.1.17. hexarane are of worldwide significance but may be used in the11.1.17. he_______ecreation of chemical weapons.11.1.18 phospoliol II

[Signed] Ye. Gaydar


Export Control Statute subjects of economic activity on the territory of the925DO750C Moscow ROSSIYSKA YA GAZETA Russian Federation, regardless of the form of ownership,in Russian 30 Sep 92 p 4 and is done for all kinds of foreign economic activity,

including direct production and scientific-technical ties,coastal and border trade, and commodity exchange oper-

["Statute on the Procedur4 for Control of Exports from ations in keeping with the present statute.the Russian Federation of Chemicals and TechnologiesWhich Are of Worldwide Significance But May Be Used Dual-use chemicals and technologies included on thein the Creation of Chemical Weapons"] List are exported only under one-time licenses issued by[Text] 1. The present statute specifies a complex of the Ministry of Foreign Economic Relations of the

measures for control of exports of chemicals and tech- Russian Federation.nologies which are of worldwide significance but may be The basis for the issuance of the license is a resolution ofused in the creation of chemical weapons (henceforth the commission for export control of the Russian Feder-called dual-use chemicals and technologies). ation under the government of the Russian Federation

2. The procedure for control of exports from the Russian concerning the possibility of exporting dual-use chemi-Federation of dual-use chemicals and technologies envi- cals and technologies.sions: In order to obtain a resolution one sends to the export-preparation and issuance of resolutions regarding the control division of the Ministry of the Economy of the

possibility of exporting dual-use chemicals and tech- Russian Federation (103009. Moscow. Okhotnyy ryad.nologies included on the list approved by the president 1), which is a working organ of the Export Controlof the Russian Federation of chemicals and technolo- Commission of the Russian Federation, an applicationgies which are of worldwide significance but may be for the issuance of a license filled out in keeping with theused in the creation of chemical weapons and which requirements established by the Ministry of Foreignare exported under licenses (henceforth called the Economic Relations of the Russian Federation.List); Appended to the application are copies of the contract

and a document specifying the importer's guarantees-licensing and declaration of exports of dual-use chem- that the exported object will not be used for chemical

icals and technologies. weapons.

3. Subjects of economic activity on the territory of the The decision to issue the resolution is made no later thanRussian Federation or in places (points) under the juris- 20 days after the aforementioned division receives thediction or control of the Russian Federation, regardless indicated documents. The resolution is sent by thisof the form of ownership, upon conclusion of contracts division to the Ministry of Foreign Economic Relations(agreements, treaties) for the export of dual-use chemi- of the Russian Federation and a copy is sent to thecals and technologies included on the List, necessarily applicant.must indicate the requirement that the importer of thesechemicals and technologies will not be used for purposes The Ministry of Foreign Economic Ties sends (in theof production of chemical weapons, re-exported, or agreed-upon form) to the export control division of thetransferred to anyone else without the written permis- Ministry of the Economy of the Russian Federationsion of the exporter, which must be coordinated with the information on the licenses issued on the basis of theCommission for Export Control of the Russian Federa- resolution.tion under the government of the Russian Federation.Permission for re-exporting may be obtained upon ful- 6. Dual-use chemicals and technologies included on thefillment of the conditions indicated in the present point. List, when moved outside the Russian Federation, are

The obligations under the guarantees must be especially subject to mandatory declaration in keeping with thedocumented by the importer in the state organ of the established procedure.importer country which regulates foreign economic The exporter submits to the customs control organs ofactivity for each concrete transaction for the delivery of the Russian Federation the declaration and a copy of theeach exported object included on the List. license that has been received, which serve as a basis for

4. Dual-use chemicals and technologies included on the allowing the exported object to cross the borders of theList may not be exported from the Russian Federation or Russian Federation.re-exported to a state that is violating the ban on the useof chemical weapons established by the 17 June 1925 The State Customs Committee of the Russian Federa-Geneva protocol on banning wartime use of asphyxi- tion submits (in the agreed-upon form) to the exportating, toxic, or other similar gases and bacteriological control division of the Ministry of the Economy of themeans. Russian Federation information on declarations that

have been submitted for the exportation of goods and5. Licensing of the exportation of dual-use chemicals and services for which the licenses and resolutions specifiedtechnologies included on the List is mandatory for all by Point 5 of the present statute have been issued.


7. Dual-use chemicals and technologies included on the and onward into the Arctic Ocean. Unfortunately, zonesList and shipped from the territory of the Russian of increased radiation levels have been registered allFederation without submission of a customs declaration along the river. From today this terrible source ofand a copy of the license or in violation of the established pollution has shut its sluices.procedure for declaration are not allowed to pass. [Begin recording] [R.Kh. Solntsev, state secretary of

Russia's Krasnoyarsk Reactor Shut Down Krasnoyarsk Kray, people's deputy of Supreme Soviet ofRussia] Well, talking about our nuclear township, at the

LD0110135092 Moscow ITAR-TASS World Service moment we are starting to think about how these tal-in Russian 0518 GMT 29 Sep 92 ented engineers are going to live from now on. What can

we think up to stop this brilliant, remarkable collective[By ITAR-TASS correspondent Yuriy Khots] breaking up now we are breaking up missiles and cutting[Text] Krasnoyarsk, 29 Sep--Yet another page in the up weapons. I would be very much against our unwieldy[Tet]ryof ouras untryarsk 2m tarinosterl cmpagex ithe departments deciding this exceptionally important issuehistory of our country's military-industrial complex has behind the back of our nation. I would like our scientists,

been turned. The last single-flow [pryamotochnyy] the back of ournato I a ike our scuss,reactor producing weapons-grade plutonium-for the people of Siberia, to take a direct part in discussingnuclear warheads-was shut down today at the Krasno- these very complex issues.yarsk chemical ore-processing plant in the presence of Closure Worries StaffRussian and foreign journalists.ClsrWoieStf

PM0610132392 Moscow Russian Television NetworkTwo such reactors were in operation at the plant for over in Russian 2000 GMT 30 Sep 9230 years. Deep underground, they faithfully manufac-tured enough of their deadly substance for several all-out [Video report by G. Nikolayev and I. Dolgushina; fromnuclear wars. They also did considerable damage to the the "Vesti" newscast]Yenisey, pouring into it radioactive water that had beenused for cooling. The first reactor was shut down at the [Text] [201038] [Nikolayev] Everyone is now aware thatstart of this summer, so further pollution of the Yenisey weapons-grade plutonium-239 was produced by thehas been averted. The reactors, even though shut down, three reactors at the Krasnoyarsk-26 mining and chem-will remain under expert supervision for a long time to ical combine. The first reactor was shut down threecome. Only in 50 years' time will they be finally interred months ago and the second 29 September. This reactor,in shafts. like the first, was a direct-flow reactor, that is, water

from the Yenisey cooled the fuel assemblies and wasThe question already arises of what further use to make then returned to the river. Over the last 35 years manyof the reactor staff's scientific expertise. One option dangerously radioactive shoals have formed throughoutunder consideration is to manufacture some demonstra- the length of the Yenisey. The environmental positiontion models of small reactors that could be used in on the Yenisey is now considerably improved, and theoutlying northern regions to generate heat and elec- mining and chemical combine's third reactor is oper-tricity. ating on a closed circuit. For the combine's collective the

shutdown of the two reactors has aggravated the employ-Details Reported ment situation as far as skilled cadres are concerned. A

LD0310093592 Moscow Teleradiokompaniya scientific and practical conference opened yesterday inOstankino Television First Program Network Krasnoyarsk-26 on the problems of nuclear power gen-in Russian 1200 GMT 30 Sep 92 eration. It will discuss in particular the processing and

storage of nuclear waste. [201127] [Video shows scenes[From the "Novosti" newscast] inside mining and chemical combine]

[Text] The production of the contents of nuclearweapons, plutonium-239, has ceased at the Krasnoyarsk Russian Nuclear Energy, Arms Laws Examinedmining and chemicals combine. Details in the story from PM3009135 792 Moscow KOMSOMOLSKA YAour correspondents: PRA VDA in Russian 26 Sep 92 p 3

[Unidentified correspondent] [Video report shows [Report by K. Belyaninov: "Where Will the Nuclearcrowded control room as people gather to mark the Dump Be?"]shut-down] Experts from many countries of the world aswell as a large group of foreign correspondents, of course, [Text] In the very near future Russian nuclear powercame to bid farewell to the past, the shut-down of the engineering will be adorned with a whole bundle of laws.second nuclear reactor. This is understandable. The fate A package of documents which is now being examined inof the nuclear industry outside Krasnoyarsk has for Supreme Soviet committees and commissions includesmany years worried not only the people of Siberia, but as many as eight drafts-"On the Exploitation ofalso the residents of the Scandinavian countries. The Nuclear Energy," "On Nuclear Weapons," "On Radio-uniflow AD and AD-1 reactors processing weapons- active Waste," and so forth. Deputy Yevgeniy Nesterov,grade plutonium discarded waste water into the Yenisey chairman of the working group, seriously believes that


only a perfected concept of "nuclear law" will enable a 35 years ago, on 29 September 1957, a tank containingrepetition of the Chernobyl catastrophe to be avoided, highly concentrated radioactive waste exploded on this

site in the chemical combine's industrial yard. As a resultThe package of documents contains one whose contents of the accident a huge area was contaminated by radio-alarm nuclear scientists, however. The draft law "On nuclides. People and nature fell victim to this ChernobylState Policy in the Sphere of Dealing With Radioactive in the Urals.Waste" bans the import and processing on Russianterritory of "foreign-made" waste. The consequences of this disaster, the problem of the

destruction of Lake Karachay, which contains 120 mil-"If this article is adopted, we risk losing hundreds of lion curies of radioactive waste-2.5 times Chernobyl-thousands of dollars," Sergey Yermakov, chief of the and the problems involved in the conversion of militaryMinistry of Atomic Power Press Center claims, production were discussed with "Mayak" leaders and

In the opinion of the ministry's officials, in addition to specialists. The Chelyabinsk atomic specialists voicednuclear fuel which we have delivered for foreign AES's the hope that the European community would help in[nuclear electric power stations] built with our participa- resolving the highly acute environmental problemstion and are simply obliged to take back in accordance facing the Urals region. Delegation head Mrs. Magdalenewith international accords, Russia is quite capable of Hoff said [speaking German with Russian translation]:processing "foreign waste." We are planning and would like to cooperate with

Russia's atomic specialists in nuclear safety."This is a gold mine," Yermakov explains. "This wastecontains up to 90 percent enriched uranium, 2-3 percent Radiation Legacy Viewedplutonium, and a number of useful isotopes which can PM0210104392 Moscow Russian Television Networkstill be used. Strictly speaking, only 2 percent is actually in Russian 2000 GMT 29 Sep 92waste. For processing a tonne of spent fuel it is possibleto receive no less than $30,000. So add it all up foryourself." [Video report by A. Shesterkina and S. Gordiyenko,from Chelyabinsk; from the "Vesti" newscast]Even in this event Russia intends to return the processed

fuel to the "manufacturers," however. Although the [Text] [Shesterkina] Exactly 35 years ago, 29 Septemberministry employees have few hopes for this so far little 1957, there was an explosion here in Chelyabinsk-65 atexploited form of commercial activity: Antinuclear sen- the "Mayak" chemical combine. It left a a vicious trail oftiments in the Russian parliament are too strong, in their radiation, and roughly 260,000 people in the areaopinion, received in excess of the permissible radiation level. This

area was not on the map at the time and was dubbed"We will be forced to return to this law time and again to Kyshtymskiy after the totally innocent neighboring cityammend it," Yermakov says. "True, this will not save [of Kyshtym]. More than 10,000 residents from nearbythe situation: "Britain and France are wholeheartedly villages were evacuated. The deserted area became theengaged in similar business, so that in a couple of years Eastern Urals State Preserve. "Mayak" is still one of thethere will be no room for Russia on the world fuel- largest nuclear industrial complexes processing fuel fromprocessing market." nuclear power stations in the CIS, Bulgaria, Hungary,

Finland, and Germany, and it has already amassed 1Reports on Chelyabinsk-56 'Atomic City' billion curies of radioactive substances. It is estimated

that in the year 2000 all the liquid waste will be vitrified.But there's still a long way to go before the situation is

Europarliamentarians Visit totally OK. People have still not been compensated forPM0210092192 Moscow Teleradiokompaniya the damage caused by the radiation contamination.Ostankino Television First Program Networkin Russian 1800 GMT 29 Sep 92 Radioactive Spill Reported in Vitebsk Plant

[Video report by S. Sergeyev and V. Sosunov from 0W0210145192 Moscow Central Television FirstChelyabinsk Oblast; from the "Novosti" newscast] Program and Orbita Networks in Russian 1945 GMT

1 Oct 92[Text] [Sergeyev] On the first day a European Parliamentdelegation led by Mrs. Magdalene Hoff, chairman of the [Report from the "Utro" program]Commission for Relations with the CIS, set off for theso-called atomic city of Chelyabinsk-65. In the late [Text] There has been an accidental spill of cesium-1371940's a powerful complex producing nuclear weapons in the foundry of the Komintern plant in Vitebsk. Morecomponents was set up here in extreme secrecy. It is now than 20 square meters was contaminated, and the radi-Russia's largest defense enterprise-the "Mayak" chem- ation level ranged from 0.5 to 15 roentgens per hour. Theical combine. The European Parliament deputies came accident was discovered at the beginning of shift change,to "Mayak" on a sad anniversary-a tragic day in the but work in the shop was not halted until 1200. Many ofhistory of national nuclear power generation. Precisely the 20 people who were in the shop during that time


received significant doses of radiation. A special corn- It came hot on the heels of the announced Russian plansmission is investigating the cause of the accident, and for selling enriched uranium from missile warheads towork on cleaning up the radioactive pollution has gotten the United States.under way. According to a Ukrainian Foreign Ministry spokesman,

the American side which proposed to buy uranium from

Ukraine Foreign Ministry on Use of Uranium Russia was willing to channel part of the money paid for

0W0710010592 Moscow INTERFAX in English the goods to Ukraine.

2008 GMT 06 Oct 92 Ukraine now has 176 strategic missiles deployed on itsterritory, but it has no facilities for dismantling them.The missiles have to be transported to Russia for the

[Transmitted via KYODO] purpose.

[Text] Having proclaimed its nuclear-free status, The Ukrainian spokesman said Ukraine was strictlyUkraine will firmly adhere to it, the Ukrainian Foreign abiding by its intention to become nuclear free.Ministry announced during a briefing on Tuesday [6October]. Ukraine Rules Out Strategic Nuclear Forces

It also noted that in view of the elimination of strategic LD0210192892 Moscow ITAR-TASS World Servicemissiles-there are 176 of them in Ukraine-economic in Russian 1835 GMT 2 Oct 92and environmental problems may arise. As Ukraine hasno facilities for eliminating this type of weapon, thestrategic missiles will have to be moved to Russia. [By UKRINFORM correspondent Sergey Balykov forMeanwhile, Russia and the United States are having TASS]talks on the possibility of Russia's selling enriched ura-nium from the warheads to the United States. Con- [Text] Kiev, 2 Oct-The strategic nuclear forces invinced that the missiles located in Ukraine belong to it, Ukraine are under its control, which rules out their usethe Ukrainian Parliament opposes such a deal believing from the republic's territory. This was stated today at athat it can sell the uranium to the United States on its news conference for Ukrainian and foreign journalists byown. Ukraine's Defense Minister Konstantin Morozov. He

noted that the Ukrainian military doctrine, whose draftThis idea was expressed during the talks between Ukrai- has been passed for study by parliament, is of an exclu-nian Foreign Minister Boris Tarasyuk and Under- sively defensive nature. Its principles are built on theSecretary of State for National Security Frank Wizner. absence of territorial claims on anyone, on the non-useThe United States proposed that uranium be bought of force in contentious issues, and on relations of good-from Russia and part of the income be transferred to neighborliness with other countries. For this purpose theUkraine. military districts have been reformed, on the basis of

which two operational commands have been organized,Time will show whether the three parties will come to the reduction of conventional armed forces has beenterms. There is the environmental aspect, however. Out started, and monitoring of the safekeeping of weaponsof the 176 missiles 130 are filled with toxic fuel one drop and other military property has been intensified.of which may poison a river for years. In the absence of Touching on the problem of the Black Sea Fleet,facilities for eliminating missiles, Ukraine will have to Morozov noted that the sale of its property is continuing.pass them to Russia. Without the Ukrainian Defense Ministry's sanction,

stores of weapons, several ships from the support fleet,and a number of military installations with the plots of

Ukraine Claims Independent Role in Uranium land they occupied have been sold. There is continuingTrade trade in petroleum products, foodstuffs, and materialLD0610210192 Moscow ITAR-TASS in English property. In this connection, the minister said, a number1806 GMT 6 Oct 92 of pieces of evidence have been passed on to the Ukrai-

nian procuracy general.[Text] Kiev October 6 UKRINFORM-TASS-Ukraine,which proclaimed its desire to be a nuclear-free country,claims the missiles deployed on its territory as its prop- Ukraine To Accede to NPT, IAEA Inspectionserty and says it can sell independently the uranium PM0510135992 Moscow ROSSIYSKA YA GAZETAextracted from its missile warheads in Russia. in Russian 1 Oct 92 First Edition p 7

The idea originating in the Ukrainian parliament wasfirst aired internationally during a recent meeting in [Unattributed report on UN general Assembly speech byKiev between Ukrainian Deputy Foreign Minister Boris Ukrainian Foreign Minister A. Zlenko, carried under theTarasyuk and U.S. Deputy Secretary of State Frank UN Chronicle: Direct Speech" rubric: "Ukraine ExpectsWithner. Guarantees"]


[Text] Having started to cut back and destroy its nuclear [Text] Minsk October 1 TASS-The Belarusian Govern-armaments, Ukraine "expects clear international guar- ment is ready to accept assistance from the U.S. Admin-antees of its national security," Zlenko told the 47th istration to evacuate nuclear missiles subordinate to theSession of the UN General Assembly. strategic commandment of the Commonwealth Joint

Armed Forces from the republic's territory. A provisionHe drew attention to the fact that "Ukraine intends very to this effect is contained in the agreement initialled bysoon to accede to the Treaty on the Nonproliferation of the American and Belarusian delegations in Minsk onNuclear Weapons and to place its atomic power stations Wednesday after three-day talks.and fissile nuclear material under IAEA supervision[kontrol]. The two delegations had agreed and prepared for signing

an interstate accord on turning Belarus into a nuclear-Zlenko stressed, "Ukraine cannot accept a purely free zone. As is known the move is in full conformitymechanical approach to the question of the proportional with the policy announced by the Belarusian Parliamentallocation of the former Soviet Union's contributions, aiming to create a nuclear-free neutral Republic ofhowever. We will be seeking a radical review of the Belarus as a guarantor of peace in central Europe.system that sets the scale of contributions and will seekto bring it into line with today's realities and the level of The signing of the agreement is due to take place indevelopment and ability to pay of UN member-states." Minsk and Washington in two weeks.

The minister was critical of the CIS at a press conference. Tartarstan Parliament Declares Nuclear Free

The CIS has made in toto over 150 different decisions, Zonebut no one has ever spoken about their implementation. 0W0210225592 Moscow INTERFAX in EnglishMoreover, the mechanisms necessary to enable them to 1912 GMT 2 Oct 92be carried out are missing. The Commonwealth is inca-pable of acting. Despite this, Ukraine is not one of those [Transmitted via KYODO]states which advocates the Commonwealth's immediate [Text] Tatarstan has been declared a nuclear free zone,disbandment. free of mass-destruction weapons. The resolution was

In response to a question on the Russian-Ukrainian prepared by the government and passed by the republic'sdispute over the Black Sea Fleet, the minister said: We parliament on Friday.are making gradual progress toward a solution of the According to the document, Tatarstan assumes theproblem; the first step in the context of the Yalta responsibility to neither produce nor store fission mate-decisions has been made-it concerns the fleet's flag. rials, components designed for the production of nuclear

weapons, or poison gas.

Belarus Accepts U.S. Aid To Remove Nuclear Deputies asked whether the document is in accord withArms the Russian Defense Ministry, but received no answer

LD0310210892 Moscow ITAR-TASS in English from the government.1019 GMT 1 Oct 92 Deputy Prime Minister of Tartarstan Ilgyz Khairullin

announced at the parliamentary session that at presentin Tartarstan nuclear ammunitions and means of mass

[By BELINFORM correspondent Leonid Tratsevskiy for destruction were neither being produced nor stored inTASS] Tartarstan.

JPRS-TND-92-0379 October 1992 WEST EUROPE 29

FRANCE Japan plans to ship about 30 tons of plutonium over thenext 20 years after it has been processed in Britain andFrance from spent nuclear fuel from Japanese nuclearCompany Packaging Plutonium for Japan power plants.

0W0610060392 Tokyo KYODO in English 0357 GMT

6 Oct 92 Critics of the plan both in Japan and overseas argue thatit is unreasonable to use dangerous plutonium when the

[Text] Paris, Oct. 6 KYODO-France's state-run supply of uranium is in glut, and have voiced concernsnuclear fuel company has been packing plutonium to be about a possible accident, such as a shipwreck, hijackingsent to Japan at a nuclear reprocessing facility near by terrorists, or fire.Cherbourg, western France, since September 1, companyofficials said Monday.

A Japanese ship is now on its way to France to pick up GERMANYand carry home a ton of the plutonium for use as fuel ina fast-breeder nuclear reactor.a fat-brede nucearreacor.Ship With Nerve Gas Sent Back to Bombay

A number of countries have expressed concern about the A U0810090092 Berlin BERLINER ZEITUNG

ship passing close to their shores, citing fears of accidents in German 5 Oct 92 p 4

or terrorist attacks.

Cogema, the nuclear fuel company which is reprocessingspent nuclear fuel into plutonium at Japan's request, said [Report by Friedrich Kuhn: "Dangerous Cargo of Poisonin a statement that there is no danger of a leak from the Did Not Reach Its Destination"]casks, referred to as FS47, that will contain the pluto- [Text] These days dangerous stuff will arrive where itnium, even if there is an accident. started out: at the Indian port of Bombay. "We are very

Tests showed that the casks can withstand water pressure happy that we were able to make an example out of thatat depths of 30,000 meters, and also can withstand and to remove this devilish substance from circulation,"temperatures of 1,000 degrees celsius for one and a half a German intelligence service man says about the matter.hours, the company said. What he means are the 225 barrels full of trimeth-

ylphosphite, which were sent on their way from India toIt said 133 casks will be used. They have a diameter of 75 Syria on the German freighter the "German Senator"centimeters and are about two meters tall, with each one this summer. The chemical substance is a basic materialbeing able to store over 10 kilograms of plutonium. It is for the production of nerve gas. For years it has beenthe first time that such details of the casks have been taken from the producer country India to Syria and todisclosed. other Middle East countries by inconspicuous routes.

The Japanese freighter Akatsuki Maru will be loaded In May the Federal Intelligence Service (BND) receivedwith 15 containers each containing up to 10 casks, the information "that something was supposed to leavecompany said. Bombay." When the ship unloaded the containers in the

Cypriot port of Larnaca on 6 August, the time had comeThe shipment is slated to begin as soon as the 3,800-ton for Bonn. The shipowner was told that he was in theAkatsuki Maru arrives at the port of Cherbourg in process of "entering illegality."northwest France.

From Larnaca the poisonous cargo was supposed to beThe French Government will check to ensure the safety taken to the Syria port of Latakia by another ship. Theof the Japanese ship before it is loaded with plutonium owner of the "German Senator" had-knowingly orand leaves France's territorial waters, according to unknowingly-violated a regulation of the foreign tradeCogema. law. According to this regulation, the chemical cargo was

It said the ship, formerly a British-registered nuclear not permitted to be taken to another country by awaste transportation vessel called the Pacific Crane, had German ship unless the export was officially approved.never been involved in any accidents in the past. Since there was no permit, the ship had to take the cargo

aboard again. It was permitted to load the barrels onto aThe Pacific Crane was registered with a Tokyo-based Russian package freighter in Singapore, which set courseprivate firm named Sea Bird and sailed under a British for Bombay.flag for more than a decade until July this year. It carriedthe spent fuel from Japan to Britain and France for This was the second time that such a spectacular actionreprocessing. had been taken against illegal transports. At the end of

January Bonn stopped the German freighterAlthough Japanese authorities have refused for security "Godewind" in the Mediterranean, which wanted toreasons to disclose details of the ship's route or sailing transport tanks from the stocks of the CSFR Army fromtimes, sources say it is expected to reach France soon and the Polish port of Szczecin to Syria without approval byreturn to Japan by the end of the year. the FRG Government.

1 TT1 .7CESS 11.

5 , FQR- Ru. hL RDSPRAKT1FLD I.IK61

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