promising eu export markets for fresh mangoes · 2016-08-24 · promising eu export markets for...

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Promising EU export markets for fresh mangoes

The international mango market has grown

fast and becomes increasingly diverse and

competitive. Being sold at most supermarkets,

sea freighted mangoes fall - together with

bananas and pineapples - under the category

of ‘bulk tropical fruit’.

The Kent and Tommy Atkins varieties - with a relative long shelf

life - largely dominate the EU market. They are less vulnerable

during transport and mainly come from Brazil and Peru. Both

countries were able to produce large volumes of mangoes. West

African exporters can offer other variations (e.g. Keitt, Amélie)

and fill in gaps during transitional periods in supplies of mangoes

from one country to another. Here, it is crucial that they are well-

organised and comply with EU regulations.

This module gives an overview of:

1. Consumption of mangoes (CN code 08045000 - fresh or dried mangoes,

including guavas and mangosteens).

2. Production of mangoes

3. Trade of mangoes

Including the growth prospects and opportunities for exporters from

Senegal, Mali, Burkina Faso and other West African countries.

1. Consumption of mangoes World consumption and growth in the EU The majority of mangoes are eaten in Asia where they are mainly grown and produced (65% of world production). Latin America, Africa and Australia are other continents with a high level of mango consumption. World consumption has grown primarily driven by more availability, quality improvements (Latin American suppliers) and rising popularity. In the past decade, USA imports of mangoes rose by 38%, while EU imports have doubled. Now, the EU is the third world importer of mangoes, after Asia and the USA. Comparison EU markets

EU consumption was estimated at 196 thousand tonnes (thousand tonnes) in 2012. The UK, Germany, France and Spain were good for 73% of total EU 28 consumption (see figure 1) with increased consumption of fresh mangoes in France, Spain and in Germany - where people became more familiar with mango’s since the 1980s. In addition to its sweet taste and juiciness, demand was driven by a growing awareness of its health properties and its all year availability. On the other hand, sales of mangoes e.g. in Italy or Portugal was constrained by its high price.

Mango - Keitt variety

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Market dynamics. Between 2008 and 2012, total EU demand for mangoes

increased slightly by an annual average rate of 0.8% from 189 to 196 thousand

tonnes. Although some leading markets have experienced minimal growth or

declines (UK) over the period. Some markets have grown throughout the period,

such as France and Spain as is shown in figure 1.

Detailed statistics can be found in Annex 1, table 1.

Market growth will pick up, which is based on an increasing interest in a

healthy lifestyle and an improved consumer confidence despite the ongoing

pressure on disposable incomes. Mango imports by the large EU markets have

increased in 2013 (see next section Trade of mangoes).

Per capita consumption. EU consumption of all fruit was estimated at 90 kg in

2011, a decline by 2.1% since 2005. Mangoes were just a fraction of this. The

UK and Portugal were above the average per capita consumption of 0.5 kg.

This average was still very low compared to the global per capita consumption

of 3.4 kg (2012) and 1.0 kg in the USA.

The per capita consumption rose marginally in the Czech Republic (0.2 kg) and

in Poland (0.1 kg). Because eating patterns approach West-EU norms, demand for

mangoes is expected to increase in Eastern EU countries, but at a slow rate.

The largest EU markets

The UK is the biggest mango market in the EU. The large multicultural (Asian)

population knows the different mango varieties as a ready-to-eat fruit/dessert, or

use them unripe in spicy Asian dishes or kebabs. In 2012, UK consumption of

mangoes (48.9 thousand tonnes) represented almost 25% of EU mango

consumption (195.6 thousand tonnes). UK consumers prefer sliced mangoes and

smaller sized mangoes.

Recently, outlandish fruits became popular which are new exotic fruits to draw the

attention of (heath-conscious) consumers. For example, grapes from Zambia that

taste like mango. These fruits are a good source for promotion (storytelling).

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Germany is the second largest market for mangoes (21% share or 41 thousand

tonnes). Consumers are price-sensitive but gradually find the quality of fruit more

important. The German population is ageing and older people become more

health conscious. According to Euromonitor, total German fruit sales is expected

to increase from 5,508 to 6,069 thousand tonnes between 2012 and 2016. Sales

of other (tropical) fruits is expected to grow to 14.4% of all fruit by 2016. Since

the pesticide residue scandals from 1995 onwards (Lidl and other supermarkets)

all imported fruit must be clean – see Module ‘Buyer requirements’.

France represented 15% of EU mango consumption in 2012 (29.9 thousand

tonnes). France has also a large multicultural population (African, Arab, Asian).

Research by Agrimer/Ctifl revealed that people aged 65⁺ were the most important

consumers of fruit and vegetables.

Mangoes

2010

2011 2012

All fruit 2012

Penetration rate of households 27.74% 26.59% 26.72% → 99.1%

Quantity purchased per household 0.50 0.48 0.51 ↗ 85.4

Amount spent per household 1.72 1.77 1.97 ↗ 173.4

As shown above, 26.72% of French households bought a mango in 2012

(penetration rate). The number of mangoes purchased rose since 2011 with a

higher amount spent on mangoes. This can be attributed to the purchase of other

varieties or air freighted (just-ripe) mangoes. Green mangoes (or mangues

sauvages) e.g. from Cameroon are popular as French people prefer fruit with a

pronounced taste.

Scandinavian countries accounted for 5% of EU mango consumption. Tommy

Atkins, Kent, Keitt and Haden are available in most supermarkets and small

groceries. Asian varieties are becoming more popular as there are more

immigrants from the Middle East. The Swedes and Danes are more interested in

healthy Asian and Middle East cuisine where mangoes are often used.

Scandinavian consumers are conscious about their health and about

environmental and social issues. They increasingly recognise the benefits of

organic fruit even if they are more expensive than conventional fruit.

Trends in consumption in the EU that have an impact on demand:

Growing concern about health and well-being. Due to the recession, changes

in eating patterns (grazing) and the popularity of junk food, the number of obese

consumers has grown steadily. Obesity was most prevalent among people in the

lower-middle income groups in any age group, including young people. In most

Western EU countries, Public Health Departments organise campaigns in

collaboration with supermarkets and the media to eat more fruit and vegetables.

Active stimulation by supermarket. In supermarkets and hypermarket, fresh

corners have become larger to meet the growing demand by people in the

medium to higher income groups to offer more variety in fresh food, including

(tropical) fruit. This was meant to reverse the trend to cut back on fruit during the

recession. Now the habit of regularly eating fruit is slowly picked up, particularly

by middle and older aged people who are concerned about their health and well-

being. See also Module ‘Promising EU markets for fresh pineapples’.

More convenience by mangoes that are ready-to-eat (‘just ripe’).

Consumers often cannot recognize whether the mango is ripe if they are e.g.

green or purple. Quite some mangoes are thrown away daily as many consumers

press them without buying them. Supermarkets and wholesalers increasingly offer

ready-to-eat mangoes that are artificially ripened in Europe. They also offer

Eating a healthy fruit lunch

Ready-to-eat

(Kent variety)

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mangoes that are already ripened in the exporting country and are air freighted

to Europe. The Kent and Keitt varieties are suitable for this growing market.

More convenience is also offered by industrially processed ‘pre-cut’ mangoes as

consumers find it hard to peel them properly and cut them in bite-size pieces.

On-the-go lunch market. Supermarkets, healthy convenience stores, forecourt

shops, fresh fruit stalls (railway stations), food trucks on industrial/office areas

and vending machines are increasingly targeting the on-the-go lunch consumers

by offering different kinds of pre-packed fruit salads with mango slices.

These are all premium-priced choices for consumers in the higher-income groups.

They are prepared to pay for options that are healthy, attractive and convenient.

Creative cooking generating interest in exotic fruits such as mangoes.

Stimulated by the cooking programmes (24-hours kitchen, Master Chef, Diner

Presque Parfait, Jamie Oliver etc..) people are more open to new taste sensations

combining sweet and sour in (exotic) meals, using mangoes in salads, desserts or

as a colourful touch to dress up a meal. They are curious about other/new

varieties of mangoes.

Interest in organic fruit continues to grow in the main EU markets and in

Scandinavian countries. In the EU, organic fruit represented 2.5 -3% of total fruit

sales, with Germany leading the EU market. An increasing number of people are

critical on the taste level that has diminished in most mass produced fruits. The

emerge of several food scandals has created more concern about food safety and

a growing interest in food made according to good biodynamic agricultural

practices. More organic mangoes are available and prices are gradually becoming

affordable to a wider consumer group. On the other hand, the requirements for

certified organic fruit have become stricter.

More sustainability in fruit. A growing number of consumers want access to

information on how their fruit is produced. The large-scale mango industry in Peru

has been criticized (Oxfam Germany, Consumers International) for low payment

to workers and smallholders, the lack of communication in the value chain and

the purchasing power of the German supermarkets. If you can demonstrate that

your own labour and management practice are sound, there are good

opportunities for you.

Locally grown fruit as a threat to imported fruit. To reduce the carbon

footprint, there is a growing preference for locally grown fruits (e.g. apples,

pears, grapes, peaches, berries etc.) even if they are not perfect. To reduce the

waste, super/hypermarkets relaxed their rules of cosmetic appearance of locally

grown fruit, known as ‘ugly’ fruit. As locally made fruit will be more promoted in

future, this implies competition for imported tropical fruit.

See further the Module ‘Trade channels and markets segments’ under ‘Key

opportunities and challenges’.

Organic mango

(Osteen variety)

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2. Production of mangoes

There are around 160 varieties of mangoes

in the world grown in more than 90 countries.

Worldwide production of the mango has

doubled in thirty years to around 42.1 million

tonnes in 2012.

The majority of mangoes are produced

in Asian countries (see figure 2), while African

production (excluding Egypt) has grown

steadily and represented 8.1% of the world

mango production in 2012.

Spain is the only country in the EU that produces mangoes. The Osteen variety with its violet/purple colour and no fibres is grown in Southern Spain near Malaga and in the Canary Islands and is estimated at 10 thousand tonnes. Because of the low production, the EU is completely dependent on imports.

According to FAOSTAT, Nigeria, Kenya and

Tanzania are the largest mango producing

countries in Africa (see table 1) being mainly

for the home market and for exports to

neighbouring countries. Although, Kenya

has developed more mango exports through

their Horticulture Competitive Project (KHCP).

In 2012, 8,135 tonnes were exported, of

which 63% went to Tanzania and Uganda,

34% went to the Middle East and 3% to the

UK and Germany.

Both Kenya and Tanzania aim to improve

their competitiveness in the EU market.

Main varieties are the Ngowe, Tommy Atkins,

Sabeen, Keitt and Kent.

In West Africa, Nigeria exports a small

quantity to Niger.

While Cote d’Ivoire (24 thousand tonnes)

and Senegal (11.5 thousand tonnes) are

the largest mango exporting countries to

the EU, even if their production volume of

mangoes is smaller compared to the other

African countries but increasing fast (see

table 1).

Mali is a large mango producing country (51

tonnes in 2012) and large exporting country

(22 thousand tonnes). Around 30% went

to Senegal and 14% went to Burkina Faso.

Production in Burkina Faso is still small, but

increasing fast (+27.3%). Around half of

the Burkina exports went to Niger.

More information can be found in the module

‘Product competitiveness for fresh mangoes’.

Table 1 African production of mangoes, 2010 - 2012

Volume in 1,000 tonnes

2010 2012 Growth

2010-2012

Total 3,161 3,434 8.6%

Nigeria 850 860 1.2%

Kenya 593 636 7.3%

Tanzania 325 335 3.1%

Congo 212 325 53.3%

Madagascar 280 310 10.7%

Niger 175 176 0.5%

Guinea 164 165 0.6%

Senegal 100 125 25.0%

Malawi 96 115 19.8%

Ethiopia 66 70 6.1%

South Africa 65 58 -10.8%

Mali 48 51 6.3%

Cote D’Ivoire 45 49 8.9%

Chad 33 35 6.1%

Mozambique 29 31 6.9%

Sierra Leone 18 23 27.8%

Rwanda 17 18 5.9%

Benin 14 15 0.7%

Burkina Faso 11 14 27.3%

Other (13) 21 25 19.1%

Source: *Monitor group, FAOSTAT (2014)

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3. Trade of mangoes

The nature of the mango trade in the EU has changed fast with improved cooling and ripening techniques that allow exports of different varieties. Imports of mangoes are better controlled by following the seasonal calendar and periods of oversupply, temporary shortages or periods of disruption can be minimized.

Imports by the EU Imports of mangoes rose steadily between 2008 and 2012 by an average annual 1.6%, from 363 to 386 thousand tonnes. There are mango imports to the EU from 50 countries with 97% of the deliveries coming from 13 different countries. Around 40% of EU mangoes imports are from Intra-EU sources (Netherlands or Belgium) and 37% are from Brazil and Peru.

Imports from Brazil decreased to 93 thousand tonnes in 2012 while imports from Peru have grown to 54 thousand tonnes. Although in 2012, Peruvian mango exports were restrained by poor weather conditions in 2011/2012 with production also

suffering from stem rot and fungal attacks. This has driven up prices of those mangoes suitable for exports. In 2013, exports from Peru have picked up by 28% reaching 69 thousand tonnes. Since 2010, the EU imported more mangoes from Cote d’Ivoire, Dominican Republic, Senegal, Israel and India – See Annex 1 for details. Burkina Faso has benefited from the dip in supplies from Cote D’Ivoire in the summer season by selling good quality mangoes (Amélie, Kent) in small volumes at high prices (up to € 6 per box) in 2012.

Imports by EU countries + Decreasing imports. The notable countries in this respect, which offer few opportunities to exporters, are Italy, Poland and the Czech Republic. + Increasing imports. The notable countries are France, Netherlands, Belgium, Spain, Portugal, Austria, Sweden and Lithuania. Please note that increased imports by Belgium, Netherlands and Lithuania were because of more re-exports.

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The Netherlands is the largest importer of mango in the EU, accounting for 37% of

total EU import volume. It has a strong reputation in the import of traditional tropical

fruit (bananas and mangoes). The Dutch market is small and 71% of the imported

mangoes are re-exported, mainly to Germany (46%).

Between 2008 and 2012, Dutch mango imports rose by an annual rate (CAGR) of

1.9% from 136 to 142 thousand tonnes (see figure 4). Dutch imports rose further in

2013 to 146 thousand tonnes.

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As shown in figure 5, around 70% of supplies in 2012 came from Latin American

countries led by Brazil (decreased by 2.0% between 2008 and 2012 to 60 thousand

tonnes), Peru (+2.2% to 36 thousand tonnes) and Mexico (+19% to 4 thousand

tonnes).

Around 10% of supplies came from West African countries:

Imports from Cote d’Ivoire increased by 18% annually to 8.1 thousand tonnes

during 2008-2012. In 2013, Dutch imports decreased to 7.5 thousand tonnes.

Imports from Senegal rose by 37% annually and reached 1.9 thousand tonnes in

2012 and rose further to 2.7 thousand tonnes in 2013.

Imports from Mali remained around 2.1 thousand tonnes in 2012 and in 2013.

Imports from Burkina Faso increased to 1.1 thousand tonnes and continued to

increase in 2013 to 1.3 thousand tonnes.

Germany is the second largest EU import market and represented 13% of EU mango

imports in 2012. Between 2008 and 2012, German mango imports decreased by

1.2% from 54.8 to 52.1 thousand tonnes. However, imports picked up again in 2013

to 55 thousand tonnes.

Around 87% of imported mangoes came from Intra-EU sources mainly from the

Netherlands and to a lesser extent from Spain. Extra-EU sources were still small

with 5% of supplies from Latin America. Peru became the leading supplier for

Germany from outside the EU in 2012 bypassing Brazil.

West African countries supplied just 3% of mangoes to Germany in 2012, or 1.6

thousand tonnes, led by Senegal (0.5 thousand tonnes in 2012), Cote D’Ivoire (0.4

thousand tonnes) and Burkina Faso (0.1 thousand tonnes):

German's direct imports from West Africa was very limited or zero, but has

started to develop since 2011.

In 2013, Germany imported more mangoes from Cote D’Ivoire (1.1 thousand

tonnes), Senegal (0.7 thousand tonnes), Burkina Faso (0.3 thousand tonnes) and

from Mali (0.3 thousand tonnes).

The UK is the third largest importer of mangoes in the EU having a large domestic

market. Between 2008 and 2012, UK mango imports fell by -2.5% from 56 to 51

thousand tonnes (see figure 4). In 2013, imports UK mango imports rose again to its

level in 2008, i.e. 56 thousand tonnes.

The UK imported 75% of the mango directly from Extra-EU sources, mainly from

Brazil (18% of total imports), Pakistan (16%) and Peru (15%).

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African mango supplies to UK were from:

Gambia, the 7th largest supplier (0.9 thousand tonnes). The volume of imports

grew 34% during 2008-2012, while values more than doubled due to more air

freighted mangoes to the UK. However, in 2013 supplies from Gambia decreased

to 0.6 thousand tonnes.

In 2012, UK imports from Senegal were 0.8 thousand tonnes and continued to

rise to 1.1 thousand tonnes in 2013.

Imports from South Africa remained at around 0.2 thousand tonnes in 2012 and

2013. While mango import from Ghana increased continued to rise in 2013,

reaching 0.7 thousand tonnes.

UK imports from Cote d’Ivoire decreased from 362 thousand to 240 tonnes in

2012, but have picked up to 0.5 thousand tonnes in 2013.

Burkina Faso and Mali (0.03 and 0.1 thousand tonnes) started to supply small

quantities to the UK from 2012.

Imports of mangoes by France rose since 2009 reaching 38 thousand tonnes in

2012. Intra-EU trade increased in terms of value from 57% in 2008 to 79% in 2012.

France is relying more on Spain (27% of total imports), the Netherlands (24%) and

Belgium (11%) in 2012 for its supply of mangoes.

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Israel and Peru were still the main Extra-EU suppliers to France. In 2013, French

mango imports decreased to 35 thousand tonnes, mainly due to less imports from

Spain and Peru.

Direct imports from West African countries was just 2% of French imports (figure 8):

Cote d’Ivoire. Imports increased by 6% to reach 1.1 thousand tonnes in 2012

(2.8% of total imports).

Imports from four other West African countries decreased considerably during the

period 2008-2012, whereas supplies from Senegal picked up from 0.08 to 0.3

thousand tonnes between 2012 and 2013. Supplies from Burkina Faso remained

around 1.9 thousand tonnes, while supplies from Mali slightly decreased by 14%

to 0.2 thousand tonnes.

Belgium represented 6% of the EU mango imports in 2012. Belgium is the second

re-exporter of mango in the EU with two-thirds being exported to France and other

EU countries.

Between 2008 and 2012, Belgian mango imports rose by 3.9% from 21 to 24

thousand tonnes and continued to rise to 27 thousand tonnes in 2013.

West African countries supplied just 41% of mangoes to Belgium in 2012, or 9.8

thousand tonnes, led by Cote D’Ivoire (5.1 thousand tonnes).

Senegal is the second largest mango supplier to Belgium with 2.6 thousand

tonnes in 2012 against 3.3 thousand tonnes in 2008. Exports from Senegal to

Belgium fell 47% in 2010 but rose again by 54% in 2012. In 2013, supplies

slightly rose remaining at around 2.6 thousand tonnes.

A similar trend between 2008 and 2012 was observed in the mango supplies for

Mali (1.1 thousand tonnes) and Burkina Faso (0.7 thousand tonnes). In 2013,

supplies from Mali increased to 1.5 thousand tonnes, and from Burkina Faso to

0.9 thousand tonnes.

Other upcoming suppliers were Cameroon (0.3 thousand tonnes), Ghana (0.2

thousand tonnes), Guinea (0.1 thousand tonnes) and Gambia.

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Spain’s import of mangoes rose substantially, even if they are a mango producer.

Between 2008 and 2012, Spanish mango imports rose by 7.1% from 19 to 24

thousand tonnes. In 2013, imports rose further (see figure 4).

Spain mainly imported from Extra EU sources (92%), being led by Brazil, Peru and

other Latin American countries.

Imports from West African countries were mainly from Mali (0.3 thousand tonnes)

and Senegal (0.3 thousand tonnes). In 2013 supplies rose from both countries,

especially from Senegal (reaching 0.7 thousand tonnes).

In 2013, Spain started to imported more mangoes from Cote D’Ivoire (0.3

thousand tonnes) as well as from Burkina Faso (0.1 thousand tonnes).

Scandinavian imports of mangoes (8 thousand tonnes) were just 2% of the EU

total. Sweden (4.2 thousand tonnes) took up half of this. Between 2008 and 2012

Swedish mango imports rose by 1.2% (see table 2 in Annex 1). Imports by Denmark

(2.9 thousand tonnes in 2012) decreased due to the recession where Danes were

very careful not to overspend on food. Mango imports by Finland (0.9 thousand

tonnes) slightly increased during the period under review.

Sweden mainly imported from Intra EU sources (91% of total Swedish imports),

which was led by the Netherlands (73%) and Belgium (10%). Imports from Extra EU

sources were led by Pakistan (6.7%), Egypt (0.7%), Thailand and India. Imports

from Pakistan continue to increase in 2013.

Imports from West African countries were only from Burkina Faso (2 tonnes)

which decreased to 1 tonne in 2013. Kenya only supplied 1 ton in 2012.

Denmark imported also mainly from Intra EU sources (97% of total Danish imports),

led by the Netherlands (76%) and Belgium (12%). Imports from Extra EU sources

were led by Pakistan (1.3%), Mozambique (0.6%), Thailand and Philippines.

Finland imported almost all from Intra EU sources, led by the Netherlands (68%),

Belgium (17%) and Germany (13%). Imports from Extra EU sources were very only

from Turkey (0.1%) and South Africa (0.1%) which fell to zero in 2013.

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Polish imports of mangoes were 3.1 thousand tonnes, all of which came from Intra-

EU sources led by the Netherlands (45%), Portugal (21%), Germany (18%), Spain

and Slovenia. In 2013, supplies by these countries rose further and Poland imported

a small volume (4 tonnes) from the Philippines.

The Czech Republic imported 2.0 thousand tonnes of mangoes and 90% came from

Intra-EU sources with both Germany (37%) and the Netherlands (31%) as leading

suppliers. Since 2011, mango supplies from the Netherlands decreased from 1.3 to

0.6 thousand tonnes, while supplies from Germany (+14%) and Spain (+226%)

increased. Extra-EU supplies mainly came from Asia (Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand

and Pakistan) continued to rise in 2013.

Lithuanian imports of mangoes (4.9 thousand tonnes) were considerable within the

Eastern EU countries, which can be explained by large re-exports to Russia. The

majority of supplies are from the Netherlands (92%) and the UK (4%). In 2013,

Lithuanian mango imports rose further by 21% to 5.8 thousand tonnes.

The significance of re-exports

Exports of mangoes from EU countries primarily are re-exports. The logistics

regarding the transportation of fruit has greatly improved over the years, allowing

importers based in the Netherlands and Belgium to supply mangoes all over Europe

within a deadline of two days of ships docking and offloading the fruits. In 2012, total

EU exports of mangoes to non-EU countries were almost € 33 million (18.4 thousand

tonnes).

The Netherlands remained the main exporter of mangoes; accounting for

almost two thirds of total EU exported volume. Dutch imported mangoes are

destined for Germany (46%), France (13%) and the UK (9%) as well as other

countries such as Switzerland, Russia and Norway. Exports to Switzerland showed

the largest increase (annually +4.6%) between 2008 and 2012.

Belgium is the second re-exporting country with two-thirds of its imports

destined for France (58%), the Netherlands, UK and Germany.

Other re-exporters are: Spain, Germany and Lithuania, which exported more

than 90% of its imports to Russia.

France has lost their predominance over the years due to numerous random

strikes and high labour costs) in the French ports some. French importers

continue to be key players re-exports but the ships mainly dock and unload either

in Belgium or in the Netherlands.

EU imports in 2013

In 2013, the EU imports of mangoes increased by 5.1% from 387 to 407 thousand

tonnes with rising imports by almost all countries.

Supplies by Extra-EU countries rose with the largest increases observed between

2012 and 2013 in supplies from Peru (+28%) and West African countries (+20%) led

by Cote D’Ivoire, Senegal and Mali.

Mango supplies from Intra-EU countries fell by 5.5% from 153 to 145 thousand

tonnes being largely attributed to fewer supplies by Spain, which has suffered from

the harsh winter in 2012, which has shortened the production season in 2013.

The most promising export markets are:

Belgium and the Netherlands that are both large importers of mangoes from West Africa.

France and Germany that are slowly increasing their direct imports from West

Africa and where consumers increasingly become health conscious and where

more (ready-to-eat) mangoes are purchased per household.

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The UK, which remained the largest EU market with a high per capita consumption and large ethnic minorities (Pakistani and Indian) who are familiar with mangoes. The ban on Indian mangoes in 2014 has encouraged exporters from Pakistan and other Asian countries (Philippines, Vietnam, Cambodia) to supply to Europe, especially the UK market. Even if this mainly concerns the yellow varieties, there may be an opportunity for West African exporters to introduce their mangoes if they can meet the strict EU regulations.

Spain and Sweden are the most promising markets with an increased per capita

expenditure and rising mango imports. With the exception of Italy and Portugal,

most other EU countries are promising for mangoes as well.

This survey was compiled for CBI by Searce

Disclaimer CBI market information tools: http://www.cbi.eu/disclaimer

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ANNEX 1 - EU CONSUMPTION and IMPORTS OF MANGOES BY COUNTRY OF ORGIN

Table 1 EU apparent consumption of mangoes, 2008 - 2013

Volume in 1,000 tonnes

2008 2010 2012 CAGR *

2008-2012

2013** Growth

2012-2013**

EU-28 189.4 190.7 195.6 0.8% 201.3 2.9%

UK 50.7 48.8 48.6 -1.1% 49.2 1.2%

Germany 40.4 40.0 41.2 0.5% 42.7 3.6%

France 23.3 26.7 29.9 6.4% 31.4 5.0%

Spain 22.0 22.9 23.4 1.6% 24.6 5.1%

Netherlands 9.3 9.5 9.3 0.2% 9.8 5.4%

Belgium 8.1 7.9 8.3 0.6% 8.3 0.0%

Portugal 6.8 6.2 6.7 -0.4% 6.7 0.0%

Italy 5.1 4.8 5.1 -0.1% 5.0 -2.0%

Austria 3.9 4.1 4.2 1.8% 4.4 4.8%

Sweden 3.7 3.7 4.1 2.8% 4.5 9.8%

Poland 2.9 3.0 2.7 -1.8% 2.9 7.4%

Denmark 2.7 3.1 2.8 0.9% 2.9 3.6%

Czech Rep. 1.8 1.6 1.8 0.6% 1.8 0.0%

Other (13) 8.7 8.4 7.5 -3.6% 7.1 -5.3%

* Compound annual growth rate Source: Eurostat, Euromonitor, Searce estimates (2014)

** estimated on base of period January-October 2013

Table 2 Imports of mangoes by EU countries, 2008-2013

Volume in 1,000 tonnes and average import price in € per kg

2008

2010

2012

CAGR

Jan-Oct

2013

1,000

tonnes

Price

1,000

tonnes

Price

1,000

tonnes

Price 1,000

tonnes

EU-28 363.2 1.15 373.5 1.16 386.3 1.39 1.6% 303.5

Netherlands 131.6 0.98 142.6 1.00 141.7 1.13 1.9% 102.5

UK 55.9 1.23 47.6 1.19 50.5 1.52 -2.5% 47.2

Germany 54.8 1.13 49.4 1.37 52.1 1.67 -1.2% 42.0

France 33.0 1.61 32.3 1.42 38.3 1.55 3.8% 26.8

Belgium 20.8 1.32 16.4 1.26 24.3 1.47 3.9% 20.8

Spain 18.5 1.08 32.3 0.83 24.4 1.31 7.1% 20.6

Portugal 16.9 1.30 16.9 1.45 19.8 1.17 4.1% 13.6

Italy 5.5 1.37 7.6 1.48 5.4 1.95 -0.3% 4.7

Austria 4.4 1.33 4.9 1.73 4.8 2.13 2.3% 4.0

Lithuania 1.7 1.37 3.4 1.45 4.9 1.78 29.6% 3.9

Sweden 3.8 1.10 3.2 1.29 4.2 1.82 2.3% 3.6

Poland 4.0 0.70 2.1 1.26 3.1 1.76 -6.0% 2.6

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Denmark 2.8 1.29 3.2 1.40 2.9 1.62 0.6% 2.4

Czech Rep. 3.1 0.84 2.8 0.90 2.0 1.14 -10.1% 1.3

Finland 0.8 1.18 0.9 1.39 0.9 1.77 1.2% 0.9

Other (13) 5.6 7.9 7.0 6.6

Source: Eurostat (January 2014)

Table 3 EU imports of mangoes by country of origin 2008-2013

Volume in 1,000 tonnes and average import price in € per kg

2008 2010 2012 Jan-Oct

2013

1,000

tonnes

Price 1,000

tonnes

Price

1,000

tonnes

Price 1,000

tonnes

EU-28 363.2 1.15 373.5 1.16 386.3 1.39 303.5

Intra-EU 131.5 1.13 148.2 1.15 153.8 1.43 106.8

Extra-EU 231.7 1.17 225.3 1.17 232.5 1.36 196.7

Of which

from:

Brazil 96.9 1.04 92.4 1.21 91.3 1.27 41.1

Peru 50.8 0.91 60.5 0.93 53.3 1.33 59.9

Cote d’Ivoire 11.3 1.10 11.3 0.90 15.3 0.88 14.9

Israel 12.7 1.81 10.7 1.28 12.5 1.43 10.9

Pakistan 12.9 1.41 10.6 1.47 11.3 1.72 12.2

Dominican

Rep.

4.3 1.08 4.3 1.12 6.6 1.27 9.6

Senegal 6.0 1.35 2.8 0.95 6.2 1.53 8.2

Mexico 1.7 1.21 4.9 1.33 4.5 1.54 2.9

Costa Rica 5.4 1.17 3.4 0.94 3.9 1.08 4.0

Mali 4.9 1.34 3.7 0.95 3.8 1.17 4.8

India 2.6 1.66 3.2 1.55 3.8 1.60 5.7

Burkina Faso 2.4 2.37 3.3 1.40 2.1 2.00 2.7

Ecuador 2.3 0.85 1.4 0.97 2.1 1.22 1.7

Other ctrs 17.5 12.8 15.8 18.1

Source: Eurostat (January 2014)

http://www.cbi.eu/



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