prop 8 unconstitutional ninth circuit
TRANSCRIPT
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 1/133
⁋‛ő ‗Ì’◀‰fiÇ◀‛‚
Ì‚◀Ç«″ ÒÇfiÇ«Ò ‰‛ÌőÇ ‛⁋ fi‗‗«fi’Ò
⁋‛ő Çö« ‚◀‚Çö ‰◀ő‰Ì◀Ç
–ő◀ÒÇ◀‚ —Ð ‗«őő¯Á Òfi‚″őfi Ð
ÒÇ◀«őÁ ‗fiÌ’ ÇÐ –fiÇfi—◀Á ý«⁋⁋ő«¯ ýÐ
∈fiőő◀’’‛Ó
‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯≬ ß fi∕∕¢¢≬Ó
‰◀ǯ fi‚″ ‰‛̂ǯ ‛⁋ Òfi‚⁋őfi‚‰◀Ò‰‛Ó
◀≫©È℡≫¾Èß‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯ ß
fi∕∕¢¢Ó
℡Ð
«″—Ì‚″ ŹÐ ő‛…‚Ó ýÈÐÓ ∞≫ ∆∞≬ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢
Σù∕ùΣ∞©Ö ù≬ Ź¾℡È≫¾È ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÁ
–fi—fi’fi ″Ð öfiőő◀ÒÓ ∞≫ ∆È ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢Σù∕ùΣ∞©Ö ù≬ fi©©¾È≫Ö Ź≫Èù¢ ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÁ
—fiő– Ð ö‛őÇ‛‚Ó ∞≫ ∆∞≬ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢
Σù∕ùΣ∞©Ö ù≬ ″∞ÈΣ©¾È ¾∯ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù
″∕ùÈ©≢≫© ¾∯ ‗»è¢∞Σ öù¢©∆ ˓ Ò©ù©
őό∞≬©ÈùÈ ¾∯ ∞©ù¢ Ò©ù©∞≬©∞Σ≬Á ’◀‚«ÇÇ«
Ò‰‛ÇÇÓ ∞≫ ∆È ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ Σù∕ùΣ∞©Ö ù≬ ″∕»©Ö
″∞ÈΣ©¾È ¾∯ öù¢©∆ ◀≫∯¾È≢ù©∞¾≫ ˓ Ò©Èù©ό∞Σ
‗¢ù≫≫∞≫ό ∯¾È ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ″∕ùÈ©≢≫© ¾∯
‗»è¢∞Σ öù¢©∆Á ‗fiÇő◀‰– ‛ã‰‛‚‚«’’Ó
∞≫ ∆∞≬ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ Σù∕ùΣ∞©Ö ù≬ ‰¢È²ßőΣ¾È°È ∯¾È ©∆ ‰¾»≫©Ö ¾∯ fi¢ù≢°ùÁ ″«fi‚ ‰Ð
’‛Źfi‚Ó ∞≫ ∆∞≬ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ Σù∕ùΣ∞©Ö ù≬
őό∞≬©ÈùÈßőΣ¾È°Èщ¾»≫©Ö ‰¢È² ∯¾È ©∆
‰¾»≫©Ö ¾∯ ’¾≬ fi≫ό¢≬Ó
‚¾Ð ÛßÛÄÄÎÄ
″ЉР‚¾Ð ÊÀÎßΣ℡ß××Î×ßő…
‛‗◀‚◀‛‚
⁋◀’«″
⁋« É ×Û×
—‛’’¯ ‰Ð ″…¯«őÓ ‰’«ő–ÌÐÒÐ ‰‛ÌőÇ ‛⁋ fi‗‗«fi’Ò
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 > fh >19 )> fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 2/133
″∯≫°ù≫©≬Ó
öfi–ßÒö◀‚Ź …◀’’◀fi— Çfi—Ó
◀≫©È℡≫¾Èß″∯≫°ù≫©Ó
ù≫°
″«‚‚◀Ò ö‛’’◀‚ŹÒ…‛őÇöÁ Źfi◀’ ýÐ
–‚◀ŹöÇÁ —fiőÇ◀‚ ⁋Ð ŹÌÇ◀«őő«∈Á
—fiő– fiÐ ýfi‚ÒÒ‛‚Á
‗ő‛Ç«‰Ç—fiőő◀fiŹ«Ð‰‛— ß ¯«Ò ‛‚
ÏÓ fi ‗ő‛ý«‰Ç ‛⁋ ‰fi’◀⁋‛ő‚◀fi
ő«‚«…fi’Ó ù≬ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ ∕Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ¾∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ
◀≫©È℡≫¾Èß″∯≫°ù≫©≬ ß
fi∕∕¢¢ù≫©≬Ð
–ő◀ÒÇ◀‚ —Ð ‗«őő¯Á Òfi‚″őfi Ð
ÒÇ◀«őÁ ‗fiÌ’ ÇÐ –fiÇfi—◀Á ý«⁋⁋ő«¯ ýÐ
∈fiőő◀’’‛Ó
‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯≬ ß fi∕∕¢¢≬Ó
‰◀ǯ fi‚″ ‰‛̂ǯ ‛⁋ Òfi‚
⁋őfi‚‰◀Ò‰‛Ó
◀≫©È℡≫¾Èß‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯ ß
fi∕∕¢¢Ó
℡Ð
«″—Ì‚″ ŹÐ ő‛…‚Ó ýÈÐÓ ∞≫ ∆∞≬ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢
Σù∕ùΣ∞©Ö ù≬ Ź¾℡È≫¾È ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÁ
–fi—fi’fi ″Ð öfiőő◀ÒÓ ∞≫ ∆È ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢
Σù∕ùΣ∞©Ö ù≬ fi©©¾È≫Ö Ź≫Èù¢ ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÁ
‚¾Ð ÛÛßÛÄÅÉÉ
″ЉР‚¾Ð ÊÀÎßΣ℡ß××Î×ßý…
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 1 fh >19 )1 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 3/133
—fiő– Ð ö‛őÇ‛‚Ó ∞≫ ∆∞≬ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢
Σù∕ùΣ∞©Ö ù≬ ″∞ÈΣ©¾È ¾∯ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù
″∕ùÈ©≢≫© ¾∯ ‗»è¢∞Σ öù¢©∆ ˓ Ò©ù©
őό∞≬©ÈùÈ ¾∯ ∞©ù¢ Ò©ù©∞≬©∞Σ≬Á ’◀‚«ÇÇ«Ò‰‛ÇÇÓ ∞≫ ∆È ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ Σù∕ùΣ∞©Ö ù≬ ″∕»©Ö
″∞ÈΣ©¾È ¾∯ öù¢©∆ ◀≫∯¾È≢ù©∞¾≫ ˓ Ò©Èù©ό∞Σ
‗¢ù≫≫∞≫ό ∯¾È ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ″∕ùÈ©≢≫© ¾∯
‗»è¢∞Σ öù¢©∆Á ‗fiÇő◀‰– ‛ã‰‛‚‚«’’Ó
∞≫ ∆∞≬ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ Σù∕ùΣ∞©Ö ù≬ ‰¢È²ßőΣ¾È°È
∯¾È ©∆ ‰¾»≫©Ö ¾∯ fi¢ù≢°ùÁ ″«fi‚ ‰Ð
’‛Źfi‚Ó ∞≫ ∆∞≬ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ Σù∕ùΣ∞©Ö ù≬
őό∞≬©ÈùÈßőΣ¾È°Èщ¾»≫©Ö ‰¢È² ∯¾È ©∆
‰¾»≫©Ö ¾∯ ’¾≬ fi≫ό¢≬Ó
″∯≫°ù≫©≬Ó
öfi–ßÒö◀‚Ź …◀’’◀fi— Çfi—Ó
◀≫©È℡≫¾Èß″∯≫°ù≫©Ó
ù≫°
″«‚‚◀Ò ö‛’’◀‚ŹÒ…‛őÇöÁ Źfi◀’ ýÐ
–‚◀ŹöÇÁ —fiőÇ◀‚ ⁋Ð ŹÌÇ◀«őő«∈Á—fiő– fiÐ ýfi‚ÒÒ‛‚Á
‗ő‛Ç«‰Ç—fiőő◀fiŹ«Ð‰‛— ß ¯«Ò ‛‚
ÏÓ fi ‗ő‛ý«‰Ç ‛⁋ ‰fi’◀⁋‛ő‚◀fi
ő«‚«…fi’Ó ù≬ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ ∕Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ¾∯
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ
◀≫©È℡≫¾Èß″∯≫°ù≫©≬ ß
fi∕∕¢¢ù≫©≬Ð
fi∕∕ù¢ ∯Ⱦ≢ ©∆ Ì≫∞©° Ò©ù©≬ ″∞≬©È∞Σ© ‰¾»È©
∯¾È ©∆ ‚¾È©∆È≫ ″∞≬©È∞Σ© ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù
ù»ό∆≫ őÐ …ù¢²ÈÓ ‰∆∞∯ ″∞≬©È∞Σ© ý»°όÓ ‗È≬∞°∞≫ό ¦‚¾Ð ÛßÛÄÄÎÄ˚
ýù≢≬ …ùÈÓ ‰∆∞∯ ″∞≬©È∞Σ© ý»°όÓ ‗È≬∞°∞≫ό ¦‚¾Ð ÛÛßÛÄÅÉÉ˚
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 7 fh >19 )7 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 4/133
ßÆß
‚¾Ð ÛßÛÄÄÎÄÀ
fiÈό»° ù≫° Ò»è≢∞©©° ″Σ≢èÈ ÄÓ ×Û
Òù≫ ⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾Ó ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù
Ò»è≢∞≬≬∞¾≫ …∞©∆°Èù£≫ ýù≫»ùÈÖ ÆÓ ×ÛÛ
ő≬»è≢∞©©° ⁋èÈ»ùÈÖ ÉÓ ×Û×
‚¾Ð ÛÛßÛÄÅÉÉÀ
fiÈό»° ù≫° Ò»è≢∞©©° ″Σ≢èÈ ÏÓ ×ÛÛ
Òù≫ ⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾Ó ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù
⁋∞¢° ⁋èÈ»ùÈÖ ÉÓ ×Û×
∯¾ÈÀ ő«◀‚öfiő″ÇÓ öfi…–◀‚ÒÓ ù≫° ‚ÐőÐ Ò—◀ÇöÓ ‰∞ÈΣ»∞© ý»°ό≬Ð
‛∕∞≫∞¾≫ èÖ ő«◀‚öfiő″ÇÓ ‰∞ÈΣ»∞© ý»°όÀ
‗È∞¾È ©¾ ‚¾℡≢èÈ ÆÓ ×ÏÓ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ ό»ùÈù≫©° ©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾
≢ùÈÈÖ ©¾ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ù≫° ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ù¢∞²Ð ‛≫ ©∆ù© °ùÖÓ ©∆ ‗¾∕¢ ¾∯
‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ù°¾∕©° ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ £∆∞Σ∆ ù≢≫°° ©∆ ≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ ©¾ ¢∞≢∞≫ù©
©∆ È∞ό∆© ¾∯ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖÐ … Σ¾≫≬∞°È £∆©∆È ©∆ù© ù≢≫°≢≫© ℡∞¾¢ù©≬
©∆ ⁋¾»È©≫©∆ fi≢≫°≢≫© ©¾ ©∆ Ì≫∞©° Ò©ù©≬ ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ð … Σ¾≫Σ¢»° ©∆ù© ∞©
°¾≬Ð
fi¢©∆¾»ό∆ ©∆ ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ ∕È≢∞©≬ Σ¾≢≢»≫∞©∞≬ ©¾ ≫ùΣ© ≢¾≬© ¢ù£≬ ©∆Ö è¢∞℡
©¾ è °≬∞Èùè¢Ó ∞© ÈÙ»∞È≬ ©∆ù© ©∆È è ù© ¢ù≬© ù ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© Èù≬¾≫ ∯¾È ©∆ ∕ù≬≬ùό ¾∯
ù ¢ù£ ©∆ù© ©Èù©≬ °∞∯∯È≫© Σ¢ù≬≬≬ ¾∯ ∕¾∕¢ °∞∯∯È≫©¢ÖÐ Ç∆È £ù≬ ≫¾ ≬»Σ∆ Èù≬¾≫ ©∆ù©
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï Σ¾»¢° ∆ù℡ è≫ ≫ùΣ©°Ð Σù»≬ »≫°È ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ≬©ù©»©¾ÈÖ ¢ù£Ó ≬ù≢ß
≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ∆ù° ù¢¢ ©∆ È∞ό∆©≬ ¾∯ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬Ó ÈόùÈ°¢≬≬ ¾∯ ©∆∞È ≢ùÈ∞©ù¢
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 ; fh >19 ); fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 5/133
ßÅß
≬©ù©»≬Ó ù¢¢ ∕ùÈ©∞≬ ùόÈ ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∆ù° ¾≫ ∯∯Σ© ¾≫¢ÖÐ ◀© ≬©È∞∕∕° ≬ù≢ß≬¥
Σ¾»∕¢≬ ¾∯ ©∆ ùè∞¢∞©Ö ©∆Ö ∕È℡∞¾»≬¢Ö ∕¾≬≬≬≬° ©¾ ¾è©ù∞≫ ∯Ⱦ≢ ©∆ Ò©ù©Ó ¾È ù≫Ö ¾©∆È
ù»©∆¾È∞¸° ∕ùÈ©ÖÓ ù≫ ∞≢∕¾È©ù≫© È∞ό∆©á©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ¾è©ù∞≫ ù≫° »≬ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯
é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ©¾ °≬ΣÈ∞è ©∆∞È È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬Ð ‚¾©∆∞≫ό ≢¾ÈÓ ≫¾©∆∞≫ό ¢≬≬Ð ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï
©∆È∯¾È Σ¾»¢° ≫¾© ∆ù℡ è≫ ≫ùΣ©° ©¾ ù°℡ù≫Σ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùã≬ ∞≫©È≬©≬ ∞≫ Σ∆∞¢°ÈùÈ∞≫ό
¾È È≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢ ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫Ó ∯¾È ∞© ∆ù° ≫¾ ∯∯Σ© ¾≫ ©∆ È∞ό∆©≬ ¾∯ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©¾
Èù∞≬ Σ∆∞¢°È≫ ¾È ¾≫ ©∆ ∕ȾΣÈù©∞℡ ∕ÈùΣ©∞Σ≬ ¾∯ ¾©∆È Σ¾»∕¢≬Ð ‚¾È °∞° ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï
∆ù℡ ù≫Ö ∯∯Σ© ¾≫ È¢∞ό∞¾»≬ ∯È°¾≢ ¾È ¾≫ ∕ùÈ≫©≬ã È∞ό∆©≬ ©¾ Σ¾≫©È¾¢ ©∆∞È Σ∆∞¢°È≫ã≬
°»Σù©∞¾≫Á ∞© Σ¾»¢° ≫¾© ∆ù℡ è≫ ≫ùΣ©° ©¾ ≬ù∯ό»ùÈ° ©∆≬ ¢∞èÈ©∞≬Ð
fi¢¢ ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ùΣΣ¾≢∕¢∞≬∆° £ù≬ ©¾ ©ù² ù£ùÖ ∯Ⱦ≢ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬
©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ è όÈù≫©° ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ¢∞Σ≫≬≬ ù≫° ©∆»≬ ¢όù¢¢Ö ©¾ »≬ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯
é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÓã £∆∞Σ∆ ≬Ö≢è¾¢∞¸≬ ≬©ù© ¢ό∞©∞≢∞¸ù©∞¾≫ ù≫° ≬¾Σ∞©ù¢ ÈΣ¾ό≫∞©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆∞È
Σ¾≢≢∞©©° È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬Ð ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ≬È℡≬ ≫¾ ∕»È∕¾≬Ó ù≫° ∆ù≬ ≫¾ ∯∯Σ©Ó ¾©∆È
©∆ù≫ ©¾ ¢≬≬≫ ©∆ ≬©ù©»≬ ù≫° ∆»≢ù≫ °∞ό≫∞©Ö ¾∯ όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬ ∞≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÓ ù≫° ©¾
¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢¢Ö ÈΣ¢ù≬≬∞∯Ö ©∆∞È È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬ ù≫° ∯ù≢∞¢∞≬ ù≬ ∞≫∯È∞¾È ©¾ ©∆¾≬ ¾∯ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥
Σ¾»∕¢≬Ð Ç∆ ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ ≬∞≢∕¢Ö °¾≬ ≫¾© ù¢¢¾£ ∯¾È í¢ù£≬ ¾∯ ©∆∞≬ ≬¾È©Ðâ ő¾≢È ℡Ð
«℡ù≫≬Ó ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ Ä×Ó ÄÊÊ ¦ÛÎÎÄ˚Ð
íȾù°È ∞≬≬»≬ ∆ù℡ è≫ »Èό° ∯¾È ¾»È Σ¾≫≬∞°Èù©∞¾≫Ó è»© £ ù°∆È ©¾ ©∆
∕È∞≫Σ∞∕¢ ¾∯ °Σ∞°∞≫ό Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ Ù»≬©∞¾≫≬ ¾≫¢Ö ∞≫ ©∆ Σ¾≫©¥© ¾∯ ©∆ ∕ùÈ©∞Σ»¢ùÈ Σù≬
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 2 fh >19 )2 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 6/133
ßÄß
è∯¾È ©∆ ‰¾»È©Ðâ Ò£ù©© ℡Ð ‗ù∞≫©È Ó ÊÊÎ ÌÐÒÐ Ä×ÎÓ ÄÊÛ ¦ÛÎÅ˚Ð …∆©∆È »≫°È ©∆
‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ≢ùÖ ℡È è °≫∞° ©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖÓ ù È∞ό∆© ©∆ù© ∆ù≬
¢¾≫ό è≫ ≫∁¾Ö° èÖ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬Ó ∞≬ ù≫ ∞≢∕¾È©ù≫© ù≫° ∆∞ό∆¢Ö Σ¾≫©È¾℡È≬∞ù¢
Ù»≬©∞¾≫Ð ◀© ∞≬ Σ»ÈÈ≫©¢Ö ù ≢ù©©È ¾∯ όÈù© °èù© ∞≫ ¾»È ≫ù©∞¾≫Ó ù≫° ù≫ ∞≬≬» ¾℡È £∆∞Σ∆
∕¾∕¢ ¾∯ ό¾¾° £∞¢¢ ≢ùÖ °∞≬ùόÈÓ ≬¾≢©∞≢≬ ≬©È¾≫ό¢ÖÐ ‛∯ Σ¾»È≬Ó £∆≫ Ù»≬©∞¾≫≬ ¾∯
Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ¢ù£ ùÈ ≫Σ≬≬ùÈÖ ©¾ ©∆ È≬¾¢»©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ù Σù≬Ó Σ¾»È©≬ ≢ùÖ ≫¾© ù≫° ≬∆¾»¢°
≫¾© ùè≬©ù∞≫ ∯Ⱦ≢ °Σ∞°∞≫ό ©∆≢ ≬∞≢∕¢Ö èΣù»≬ ©∆Ö ùÈ Σ¾≫©È¾℡È≬∞ù¢Ð … ≫° ≫¾©
ù≫° °¾ ≫¾© ù≫≬£È ©∆ èȾù°È Ù»≬©∞¾≫ ∞≫ ©∆∞≬ Σù≬Ó ∆¾£℡ÈÓ èΣù»≬ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ∆ù°
ù¢Èù°Ö ¥©≫°° ©¾ Σ¾≢≢∞©©° ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ 辩∆ ©∆ ∞≫Σ∞°≫©≬ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ù≫°
©∆ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÓã ù≫° ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ïã≬ ¾≫¢Ö ∯∯Σ© £ù≬ ©¾ ©ù² ù£ùÖ
©∆ù© ∞≢∕¾È©ù≫© ù≫° ¢όù¢¢Ö ≬∞ό≫∞∯∞Σù≫© °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫Ó £∆∞¢ ¢ù℡∞≫ό ∞≫ ∕¢ùΣ ù¢¢ ¾∯ ∞©≬
∞≫Σ∞°≫©≬Ð Ç∆∞≬ »≫∞Ù» ù≫° ≬©È∞Σ©¢Ö ¢∞≢∞©° ∯∯Σ© ¾∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ù¢¢¾£≬ »≬ ©¾ ù°°È≬≬
©∆ ù≢≫°≢≫©ã≬ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢∞©Ö ¾≫ ≫ùÈȾ£ όȾ»≫°≬Ð
Ç∆»≬Ó ù≬ ù È≬»¢© ¾∯ ¾»È í©Èù°∞©∞¾≫ù¢ È¢»Σ©ù≫Σ ©¾ ¥©≫° Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢
∞≫©È∕È©ù©∞¾≫≬ ©¾ ≬∞©»ù©∞¾≫≬ ¾È ∯ùΣ©≬ £∆∞Σ∆ ùÈ ≫¾© è∯¾È ©∆ ‰¾»È©Ó ≢»Σ∆ ¾∯ ©∆
¥Σ¢¢≫© È≬ùÈΣ∆ ù≫° °©ù∞¢° ùÈό»≢≫© ∕È≬≫©° ∞≫ ©∆≉∞≬∐ Σù≬≉∐ ∞≬ »≫≫Σ≬≬ùÈÖ ©¾
≉∞©≬∐ °∞≬∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫Ðâ ◀° Ð …È £ »≫ùè¢Ó ∆¾£℡ÈÓ ©¾ È≬¾¢℡ ©∆ ≢ù©©È ¾≫ ©∆ èù≬∞≬ £
°¾Ó £ £¾»¢° ≫¾© ∆≬∞©ù© ©¾ ∕È¾Σ° ©¾ ©∆ èȾù°È Ù»≬©∞¾≫á©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢∞©Ö ¾∯
°≫Ö∞≫ό ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖÐ
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 8 fh >19 )8 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 7/133
ßÉß
∯¾È Σ¾≫≬∞°È∞≫ό ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ Ù»≬©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ ℡ù¢∞°∞©Ö ¾∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ïã≬
¢∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ È∞ό∆©≬ ¾∯ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖÓ £ ∯∞È≬© °Σ∞° ©∆ù© ©∆ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢
≬∕¾≫≬¾È≬ ¾∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ùÈ ≫©∞©¢° ©¾ ù∕∕ù¢ ©∆ °Σ∞≬∞¾≫ 袾£Ó £∆∞Σ∆ °Σ¢ùÈ° ©∆
≢ù≬»È »≫Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ù≫° ≫∁¾∞≫° ∞©≬ ≫∯¾ÈΣ≢≫©Ð Ç∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫
ù≫° «¢Σ©∞¾≫≬ ‰¾° ≫°¾£ ©∆ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ ≬∕¾≫≬¾È≬ ¾∯ ù≫ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ ≢ù≬»È £∞©∆ ©∆
ù»©∆¾È∞©Ö ©¾ È∕È≬≫© ©∆ Ò©ù©ã≬ ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ ≬©ùè¢∞≬∆∞≫ό ©∆ ℡ù¢∞°∞©Ö ¾∯ ù ≢ù≬»È
≫ùΣ©° èÖ ©∆ ℡¾©È≬Ó £∆≫ ©∆ Ò©ù©ã≬ ¢Σ©° ¢ù°È≬ È∯»≬ ©¾ °¾ ≬¾Ð Ò ‗ÈÈÖ ℡Ð
Ⱦ£≫Ó ÛÊÆ ‰ù¢Ð ő∕©ÈÐ Ê° ÆÎÎ ¦×ÛÛ˚Ð ◀© ∞≬ ∯¾È ©∆ Ò©ù© ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ©¾ °Σ∞° £∆¾
≢ùÖ ù≬≬È© ∞©≬ ∞≫©È≬©≬ ∞≫ ¢∞©∞όù©∞¾≫Ó ù≫° £ È≬∕Σ© ∞©≬ °Σ∞≬∞¾≫ èÖ ∆¾¢°∞≫ό ©∆ù©
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ïã≬ ∕Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ∆ù℡ ≬©ù≫°∞≫ό ©¾ èÈ∞≫ό ©∆∞≬ ù∕∕ù¢ ¾≫ è∆ù¢∯ ¾∯ ©∆ Ò©ù©Ð
… ©∆È∯¾È Σ¾≫Σ¢»° ©∆ù©Ó ©∆Ⱦ»ό∆ ©∆ ∕Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ¾∯ èù¢¢¾© ≢ù≬»È≬Ó ©∆ ‗¾∕¢ ¾∯
‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ≢»≬© è ù¢¢¾£° ©¾ °∯≫° ∞≫ ∯°Èù¢ Σ¾»È©≬Ó ∞≫Σ¢»°∞≫ό ¾≫ ù∕∕ù¢Ó ©∆
℡ù¢∞°∞©Ö ¾∯ ©∆∞È »≬ ¾∯ ©∆ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ ∕¾£ÈÐ öÈÓ ∆¾£℡ÈÓ ©∆∞È °∯≫≬ ∯ù∞¢≬ ¾≫ ©∆
≢È∞©≬Ð Ç∆ ‗¾∕¢ ≢ùÖ ≫¾© ≢∕¢¾Ö ©∆ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ ∕¾£È ©¾ ≬∞≫ό¢ ¾»© ù °∞≬∯ù℡¾È°
όȾ»∕ ∯¾È »≫Ù»ù¢ ©Èù©≢≫© ù≫° ≬©È∞∕ ©∆≢Ó £∞©∆¾»© ù ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ∁»≬©∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫Ó ¾∯ ù
È∞ό∆© ù≬ ∞≢∕¾È©ù≫© ù≬ ©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖÐ fiΣΣ¾È°∞≫ό¢ÖÓ £ ù∯∯∞È≢ ©∆ ∁»°ό≢≫© ¾∯ ©∆
°∞≬©È∞Σ© Σ¾»È©Ð
… ù¢≬¾ ù∯∯∞È≢á∯¾È ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞ù¢¢Ö ©∆ Èù≬¾≫≬ ≬© ∯¾È©∆ ∞≫ ©∆ °∞≬©È∞Σ© Σ¾»È©ã≬
¾∕∞≫∞¾≫á©∆ °≫∞ù¢ ¾∯ ©∆ ≢¾©∞¾≫ èÖ ©∆ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ ≬∕¾≫≬¾È≬ ¾∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ©¾ ℡ùΣù©
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 = fh >19 )= fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 8/133
ßÏß
©∆ ∁»°ό≢≫© ≫©È° èÖ ∯¾È≢È ‰∆∞∯ ý»°ό …ù¢²ÈÓ ¾≫ ©∆ èù≬∞≬ ¾∯ ∆∞≬ ∕»È∕¾È©°
∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ è∞≫ό ù¢¢¾£° ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖ ∆∞≬ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ ∕ùÈ©≫ÈÐ
◀
fi
Ì∕¾≫ ∞©≬ ∯¾»≫°∞≫όÓ ©∆ Ò©ù© ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸° ©∆ ¢όù¢ ∞≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ ¾∯
Σ∞℡∞¢ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ∯¾È ∞©≬ È≬∞°≫©≬Ð ÒÓ ÐόÐÓ ‰ù¢Ð ‰¾≫≬©Ð ¾∯ ÛÏÆÎÓ ùÈ©Ð ¿◀Ó ss Û×Ó ÛÆ
¦°∞≬Σ»≬≬∞≫ό ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό Σ¾≫©ÈùΣ©≬ ù≫° ≢ùÈ∞©ù¢ ∕Ⱦ∕È©Ö˚Á ‰ù¢Ð Ò©ù©≬Ð ÛÏÅÓ Σ∆Ð ÛÆ ¦ífi≫
fiΣ© Èό»¢ù©∞≫ό —ùÈÈ∞ùό≬â˚Ð —ùÈÈ∞ùό ∞≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù £ù≬ »≫°È≬©¾¾°Ó ù© ©∆ ©∞≢ ù≫°
£¢¢ ∞≫©¾ ©∆ ©£≫©∞©∆ Σ≫©»ÈÖÓ ©¾ è ¢∞≢∞©° ©¾ È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬ è©£≫ ù ≢ù≫ ù≫° ù
£¾≢ù≫Ð Ò ◀≫ È —ùÈÈ∞ùό ‰ù≬≬Ó ÛÏÊ ‗ÐÊ° ÊÏÆÓ ÆÉßÎ ¦‰ù¢Ð ×Ï˚Ð ◀≫ ÛÎÉÉÓ ©∆ù©
≢»Σ∆ £ù≬ ≢ù° ¥∕¢∞Σ∞© èÖ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ’ό∞≬¢ù©»ÈÓ £∆∞Σ∆ ù≢≫°° ©∆ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό
≬©ù©»© ©¾ Èù°Ó í—ùÈÈ∞ùό ∞≬ ù ∕È≬¾≫ù¢ È¢ù©∞¾≫ ùÈ∞≬∞≫ό ¾»© ¾∯ ù Σ∞℡∞¢ Σ¾≫©ÈùΣ© è©£≫
ù ≢ù≫ ù≫° ù £¾≢ù≫Ó ©¾ £∆∞Σ∆ ©∆ Σ¾≫≬≫© ¾∯ ©∆ ∕ùÈ©∞≬ Σù∕ùè¢ ¾∯ ≢ù²∞≫ό ©∆ù©
Σ¾≫©ÈùΣ© ∞≬ ≫Σ≬≬ùÈÖÐâ ‰ù¢Ð Ò©ù©≬Ð ÛÎÉÉÓ Σ∆Ð ÊÊÎÓ s ÛÐ Ç∆ ÛÎÉÉ ∕Ⱦ℡∞≬∞¾≫ È≢ù∞≫≬
Σ¾°∞∯∞° ∞≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ≬©ù©»©Ð Ò ‰ù¢Ð ⁋ù≢Ð ‰¾° s ʦù˚Ð
⁋¾¢¢¾£∞≫ό ©∆ ≫ùΣ©≢≫© ¾∯ ©∆ ″∯≫≬ ¾∯ —ùÈÈ∞ùό fiΣ© ¾∯ ÛÎÎÄÓ ‗»èÐ ’Ð ÛÆß
ÛÎÎÓ ÛÛ Ò©ù©Ð ×ÆÛÎ ¦Σ¾°∞∯∞° ∞≫ È¢℡ù≫© ∕ùÈ© ù© Û ÌÐÒЉРs É˚Ó £∆∞Σ∆ ¥∕È≬≬¢Ö ¢∞≢∞©°
©∆ ∯°Èù¢ °∯∞≫∞©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ©¾ È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬ è©£≫ ¾≫ ≢ù≫ ù≫° ¾≫ £¾≢ù≫Ó
°¾¸≫≬ ¾∯ ≬©ù©≬ ≫ùΣ©° ≬∞≢∞¢ùÈ ∕Ⱦ℡∞≬∞¾≫≬ ∞≫©¾ ≬©ù© ¢ù£Ð Ò fi≫°È£ –¾∕∕¢≢ù≫Ó
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 9 fh >19 )9 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 9/133
ßÎß
Ç∆ ″∞∯∯È≫Σ ©∆ —∞≫∞ß″‛—fi≬ —ù²Ó ÊÏ ’¾ÖÐ ÌÐ ‰∆∞Ð ’ÐýÐ ×ÄÅÓ ×ÄÅßÄÄ ¦×É˚Ð
‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù °∞° ≬¾ ∞≫ × èÖ ù°¾∕©∞≫ό ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ××Ó ù≫ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ ≬©ù©»©Ó £∆∞Σ∆
∕Ⱦ℡∞°°Ó í‛≫¢Ö ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό è©£≫ ù ≢ù≫ ù≫° ù £¾≢ù≫ ∞≬ ℡ù¢∞° ¾È ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸° ∞≫
‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÐâ ‰ù¢Ð ⁋ù≢Ð ‰¾° s ÊÏÐÅÐ Ç∆ ∕Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ≫≬»È° ©∆ù© ≬ù≢ß≬¥ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό≬
∕È∯¾È≢° ∞≫ ù≫Ö ≬©ù© ©∆ù© ≢∞ό∆© ∕È≢∞© ≬»Σ∆ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό≬ ∞≫ ©∆ ∯»©»È £¾»¢° ≫¾© è
ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸° ∞≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÓ ù≫° ∞© ό»ùÈù≫©° ©∆ù© ù≫Ö ¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞℡ È∕ù¢ ¾∯ ©∆ ÛÎÉÉ
≬©ù©»© £¾»¢° ≫¾© ù¢¢¾£ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖ £∞©∆∞≫ ©∆ Ò©ù©Ó èΣù»≬ ©∆
’ό∞≬¢ù©»È ≢ùÖ ≫¾© ù≢≫° ¾È È∕ù¢ ù≫ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ ≬©ù©»© ≫ùΣ©° èÖ ©∆ ‗¾∕¢Ð Ò
—ùÈÈ∞ùό ‰ù≬≬Ó ÛÏÊ ‗ÐÊ° ù© ÆÎßÛÐ
—ù≫£∆∞¢Ó ∆¾£℡ÈÓ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ∆ù° ΣÈù©° ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ í°¾≢≬©∞Σ
∕ùÈ©≫È≬∆∞∕â ∯¾È í©£¾ ù°»¢©≬ £∆¾ ∆ù℡ Σ∆¾≬≫ ©¾ ≬∆ùÈ ¾≫ ù≫¾©∆Èã≬ ¢∞℡≬ ∞≫ ù≫
∞≫©∞≢ù© ù≫° Σ¾≢≢∞©©° È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ ¾∯ ≢»©»ù¢ ΣùÈ∞≫όÐâ ‰ù¢Ð Ò©ù©≬Ð ÛÎÎÎÓ Σ∆Ð ÅÏÏÓ s ×
¦Σ¾°∞∯∞° ù© ‰ù¢Ð ⁋ù≢Ð ‰¾° s ×Îɦù˚˚Ð fi© ∯∞È≬©Ó ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù όù℡ Èό∞≬©È° °¾≢≬©∞Σ
∕ùÈ©≫È≬ ¾≫¢Ö ¢∞≢∞©° È∞ό∆©≬Ó ≬»Σ∆ ù≬ ∆¾≬∕∞©ù¢ ℡∞≬∞©ù©∞¾≫ ∕È∞℡∞¢ό≬Ó ∞°Ð s ÆÓ ù≫° ∆ù¢©∆
è≫∯∞©≬ ∯¾È ©∆ °¾≢≬©∞Σ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬ ¾∯ ΣÈ©ù∞≫ ≬©ù© ≢∕¢¾Ö≬Ó ∞°Ð s ÊÐ ‛℡È ©∆ ≫¥©
≬℡Èù¢ ÖùÈ≬Ó ∆¾£℡ÈÓ ©∆ Ò©ù© ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞ù¢¢Ö ¥∕ù≫°° ©∆ È∞ό∆©≬ ¾∯ °¾≢≬©∞Σ
∕ùÈ©≫È≬Ð Ö ×ÏÓ í‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ≬©ù©»©¾ÈÖ ∕Ⱦ℡∞≬∞¾≫≬ ό≫Èù¢¢Ö ù∯∯¾È°≉°∐ ≬ù≢ß≬¥
Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©∆ ¾∕∕¾È©»≫∞©Ö ©¾ Ð Ð Ð ¾è©ù∞≫ ℡∞È©»ù¢¢Ö ù¢¢ ¾∯ ©∆ è≫∯∞©≬ ù≫° È≬∕¾≫≬∞è∞¢∞©∞≬
ù∯∯¾È°° èÖ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ¢ù£ ©¾ ≢ùÈÈ∞° ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬Ðâ —ùÈÈ∞ùό ‰ù≬≬Ó ÛÏÊ
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 3 fh >19 )3 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 10/133
Ç∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ °∞∯∯È≫©∞ù©≬ è©£≫ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ ≬©ù©»©≬Ó £∆∞Σ∆Û
ÈÙ»∞È ∕©∞©∞¾≫≬ ≬∞ό≫° èÖ ∯∞℡ ∕ÈΣ≫© ¾∯ ¢Σ©¾È≬Ó ù≫° ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢
ù≢≫°≢≫©≬Ó £∆∞Σ∆ ÈÙ»∞È ∕©∞©∞¾≫≬ ≬∞ό≫° èÖ ∞ό∆© ∕ÈΣ≫© ¾∯ ¢Σ©¾È≬Ð ‰ù¢Ð ‰¾≫≬©Ð
ùÈ©Ð ×Ó s Ϧè˚Ð fi≫ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ ≬©ù©»©¾ÈÖ ≫ùΣ©≢≫© ∆ù≬ ≬¾≢£∆ù© όÈù©È ≬©ù©»≬ ©∆ù≫ ù
≬©ù©»© ù°¾∕©° èÖ ©∆ ’ό∞≬¢ù©»ÈÓ ∞≫ ©∆ù© ©∆ ’ό∞≬¢ù©»È ≢ùÖ ≫¾© ù≢≫° ¾È È∕ù¢ ©∆∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ ≬©ù©»© £∞©∆¾»© ≬»è≢∞©©∞≫ό ©∆ Σ∆ù≫ό ©¾ ù∕∕Ⱦ℡ù¢ èÖ ©∆ ¢Σ©¾È≬ ¦»≫¢≬≬ ©∆
∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ ≬©ù©»© ∕Ⱦ℡∞°≬ ¾©∆È£∞≬˚Ð ◀°Ð s Û¦Σ˚Ð ¯©Ó ¢∞² ù ≬©ù©»©¾ÈÖ ≫ùΣ©≢≫© èÖ
©∆ ’ό∞≬¢ù©»ÈÓ ù≫° »≫¢∞² ù≫ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ù≢≫°≢≫©Ó ∞© ∞≬ ≬»è∁Σ© ©¾ ©∆
¦Σ¾≫©∞≫»°ÐÐÐ˚
ßÛß
‗ÐÊ° ù© ÆÛÉßÛÏÐ Ç∆ ×Ê ″¾≢≬©∞Σ ‗ùÈ©≫È fiΣ© ∕Ⱦ℡∞°° èȾù°¢ÖÀ íőό∞≬©È°
°¾≢≬©∞Σ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬ ≬∆ù¢¢ ∆ù℡ ©∆ ≬ù≢ È∞ό∆©≬Ó ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫≬Ó ù≫° è≫∯∞©≬Ó ù≫° ≬∆ù¢¢ è
≬»è∁Σ© ©¾ ©∆ ≬ù≢ È≬∕¾≫≬∞è∞¢∞©∞≬Ó ¾è¢∞όù©∞¾≫≬Ó ù≫° °»©∞≬ »≫°È ¢ù£Ó £∆©∆È ©∆Ö
°È∞℡ ∯Ⱦ≢ ≬©ù©»©≬Ó ù°≢∞≫∞≬©Èù©∞℡ Èό»¢ù©∞¾≫≬Ó Σ¾»È© È»¢≬Ó ό¾℡È≫≢≫© ∕¾¢∞Σ∞≬Ó
Σ¾≢≢¾≫ ¢ù£Ó ¾È ù≫Ö ¾©∆È ∕Ⱦ℡∞≬∞¾≫≬ ¾È ≬¾»ÈΣ≬ ¾∯ ¢ù£Ó ù≬ ùÈ όÈù≫©° ©¾ ù≫° ∞≢∕¾≬°
»∕¾≫ ≬∕¾»≬≬Ðâ ‰ù¢Ð Ò©ù©≬Ð ×ÊÓ Σ∆Ð Æ×ÛÓ s Æ ¦Σ¾°∞∯∞° ù© ‰ù¢Ð ⁋ù≢Ð ‰¾° s ×ÎÉÐŦù˚˚Ð
◀© £∞©∆∆¢° ¾≫¢Ö ©∆ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ù≫° ©∆»≬ ©∆ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢¢Ö Σ¾≫∯ÈÈ°
ù≫° ≬¾Σ∞©ù¢¢Ö ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸° ≬©ù©»≬ ©∆ù© ùΣΣ¾≢∕ù≫∞≬ ©∆ù© °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫Ð
◀≫ ×ÆÓ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ù≫° ©∆ ‰∞©Ö ù≫° ‰¾»≫©Ö ¾∯ Òù≫ ⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾ ∯∞¢°
ùΣ©∞¾≫≬ ∞≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ≬©ù© Σ¾»È©≬ ù¢¢ό∞≫ό ©∆ù© ©∆ Ò©ù©ã≬ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ≬©ù©»©≬ ℡∞¾¢ù©° ©∆
‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ð ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ×× £ù≬ ù≢¾≫ό ©∆ ≬©ù©»©≬ Σ∆ù¢¢≫ό°Ó èΣù»≬
ù≬ ù≫ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ ≬©ù©»©¾ÈÖ ≫ùΣ©≢≫©Ó ∞© £ù≬ Ù»ù¢ ∞≫ °∞ό≫∞©Ö ©¾ ù≫ ≫ùΣ©≢≫© èÖ ©∆
’ό∞≬¢ù©»È ù≫° ©∆»≬ ≬»è∁Σ© ©¾ ©∆ È≬©È∞Σ©∞¾≫≬ ¾∯ ©∆ ≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ð Ç∆Û
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 >< fh >19 )>< fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 11/133
¦ÐÐÐΣ¾≫©∞≫»°˚Û
©È≢≬ ¾∯ ©∆ ≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ð
ßÛÛß
Σ¾≫≬¾¢∞°ù©° Σù≬≬ £È ℡≫©»ù¢¢Ö °Σ∞°° èÖ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È©Ó £∆∞Σ∆
∆¢° ©∆ ≬©ù©»©≬ ©¾ è »≫Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢Ó ∯¾È ©£¾ ∞≫°∕≫°≫© Èù≬¾≫≬Ð
⁋∞È≬©Ó ©∆ Σ¾»È© ∆¢° ©∆ù© ©∆ ∯»≫°ù≢≫©ù¢ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖ ∕Ⱦ℡∞°° èÖ ©∆
‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ Σ¾»¢° ≫¾© è °≫∞° ©¾ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬Ó £∆¾ ùÈ ό»ùÈù≫©°
í©∆ ≬ù≢ ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞℡ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È∞ό∆©≬ ù≬ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©¾ Σ∆¾¾≬ ¾≫ã≬ ¢∞∯
∕ùÈ©≫È ù≫° ≫©È £∞©∆ ©∆ù© ∕È≬¾≫ ∞≫©¾ ù Σ¾≢≢∞©©°Ó ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢¢Ö ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸°Ó ù≫°
∕Ⱦ©Σ©° ∯ù≢∞¢Ö È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ ©∆ù© ≫∁¾Ö≬ ù¢¢ ¾∯ ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö èù≬° ∞≫Σ∞°≫©≬ ¾∯
≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÐâ —ùÈÈ∞ùό ‰ù≬≬Ó ÛÏÊ ‗ÐÊ° ù© ÆÊÊßÊÆÐ Ç∆ Σ¾»È© èόù≫ èÖ Èù∯∯∞È≢∞≫ό ©∆ù©
í©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖ ∞≬ ù≫ ∞≫©όÈù¢ Σ¾≢∕¾≫≫© ¾∯ ù≫ ∞≫°∞℡∞°»ù¢ã≬ ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ ∕È≬¾≫ù¢
ù»©¾≫¾≢Ö ∕Ⱦ©Σ©° èÖ ©∆ ∕È∞℡ùΣÖ ∕Ⱦ℡∞≬∞¾≫ ¾∯ ùÈ©∞Σ¢ ◀Ó ≬Σ©∞¾≫ Û ≉¾∯ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù
‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫∐Ó ù≫° ¾∯ ©∆ ¢∞èÈ©Ö ∞≫©È≬© ∕Ⱦ©Σ©° èÖ ©∆ °» ∕ȾΣ≬≬ Σ¢ù»≬ ¾∯ ùÈ©∞Σ¢
◀Ó ≬Σ©∞¾≫ ÉÐâ ◀°Ð ù© Æ×Ä ¦≢∕∆ù≬∞≬ ¾≢∞©©°˚Ð ◀© ©∆≫ ∆¢° í©∆ù© ù≫ ∞≫°∞℡∞°»ù¢ã≬
∆¾≢¾≬¥»ù¢ ¾È∞≫©ù©∞¾≫ ∞≬ ≫¾© ù Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© èù≬∞≬ ∯¾È £∞©∆∆¾¢°∞≫ό ¾È
È≬©È∞Σ©∞≫ό ©∆ ∞≫°∞℡∞°»ù¢ã≬ ¢όù¢ È∞ό∆©≬Ðâ ◀°Ð ù© Æ×ÎÐ Ç∆ Σ¾»È© ùΣ²≫¾£¢°ό° ©∆ù©
ù¢©∆¾»ό∆ ≬»Σ∆ ù≫ ∞≫Σ¢»≬∞℡ »≫°È≬©ù≫°∞≫ό ¾∯ ©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖ £ù≬ ¾≫ ©∆ù© ∆ù°
°℡¢¾∕° ¾≫¢Ö í∞≫ ÈΣ≫© °Σù°≬Óâ ù≬ ©∆ Ò©ù© ¥©≫°° όÈù©È ÈΣ¾ό≫∞©∞¾≫ ©¾ ≬ù≢ß
≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ù≫° ∆¾»≬∆¾¢°≬Ó ∞© £ù≬ íù∕∕ùÈ≫© ©∆ù© ∆∞≬©¾ÈÖ ù¢¾≫ °¾≬ ≫¾© ∕Ⱦ℡∞° ù
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 >> fh >19 )>> fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 12/133
ßÛ×ß
∁»≬©∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ ∯¾È ∞≫©È∕È©∞≫ό ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖ ù≬ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞≫ό ¾≫¢Ö ¾≫ã≬
ùè∞¢∞©Ö ©¾ ≫©È ∞≫©¾ ù≫ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢¢Ö ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸° ∯ù≢∞¢Ö È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ £∞©∆ ù ∕È≬¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆
¾∕∕¾≬∞© ≬¥Óâ èΣù»≬ íé≉∯∐»≫°ù≢≫©ù¢ È∞ό∆©≬Ó ¾≫Σ ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸°Ó Σù≫≫¾© è °≫∞° ©¾
∕ùÈ©∞Σ»¢ùÈ όȾ»∕≬ ¾≫ ©∆ όȾ»≫° ©∆ù© ©∆≬ όȾ»∕≬ ∆ù℡ ∆∞≬©¾È∞Σù¢¢Ö è≫ °≫∞° ©∆¾≬
È∞ό∆©≬Ðãâ ◀°Ð ù© Æ×ÏßÊ ¦Ù»¾©∞≫ό öÈ≫ù≫°¸ ℡Ð ő¾è¢≬ Ó É ‚ЯÐÊ° ÊÊÏÓ ÊÏÛ ¦×Ä˚ ¦–ùÖÓ
‰ÐýÐÓ °∞≬≬≫©∞≫ό˚˚Ð
Ç∆ Σ¾»È© Σ¾≫Σ¢»°° ∞©≬ °» ∕ȾΣ≬≬ ù≫ù¢Ö≬∞≬ èÖ È∁Σ©∞≫ό ©∆ ùÈό»≢≫© ©∆ù© ©∆
ù℡ù∞¢ùè∞¢∞©Ö ¾∯ °¾≢≬©∞Σ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬∆∞∕≬ ≬ù©∞≬∯∞° íù¢¢ ¾∯ ©∆ ∕È≬¾≫ù¢ ù≫° °∞ό≫∞©Ö ∞≫©È≬©≬
©∆ù© ∆ù℡ ©Èù°∞©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö ∞≫∯¾È≢° ©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖÓâ èΣù»≬ í≉©∐∆ Σ»ÈÈ≫©
≬©ù©»©≬áèÖ °Èù£∞≫ό ù °∞≬©∞≫Σ©∞¾≫ è©£≫ ©∆ ≫ù≢ ù≬≬∞ό≫° ©¾ ©∆ ∯ù≢∞¢Ö
È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ ù℡ù∞¢ùè¢ ©¾ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ù≫° ©∆ ≫ù≢ ù≬≬∞ό≫° ©¾ ©∆ ∯ù≢∞¢Ö
È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ ù℡ù∞¢ùè¢ ©¾ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬Ó ù≫° èÖ È≬È℡∞≫ό ©∆ ∆∞≬©¾È∞Σ ù≫° ∆∞ό∆¢Ö
È≬∕Σ©° °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ¥Σ¢»≬∞℡¢Ö ©¾ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ £∆∞¢ ¾∯∯È∞≫ό
≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ¾≫¢Ö ©∆ ≫£ ù≫° »≫∯ù≢∞¢∞ùÈ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ °¾≢≬©∞Σ
∕ùÈ©≫È≬∆∞∕á∕¾≬ ù ≬È∞¾»≬ È∞≬² ¾∯ °≫Ö∞≫ό ©∆ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ ∯ù≢∞¢Ö È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ ¾∯ ≬ù≢ß
≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©∆ Ù»ù¢ °∞ό≫∞©Ö ù≫° È≬∕Σ© ©∆ù© ∞≬ ù Σ¾È ¢≢≫© ¾∯ ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢
È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖÐâ ◀°Ð ù© ÆÊÆßÊÅÐ
ÒΣ¾≫°Ó ©∆ Σ¾»È© ∆¢° ©∆ù© í≉©∐∆ Σ»ÈÈ≫© ≬©ù©»©¾ÈÖ ù≬≬∞ό≫≢≫© ¾∯ °∞∯∯È≫©
≫ù≢≬ ∯¾È ©∆ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ ∯ù≢∞¢Ö È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬ ¾∯ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ¾≫ ©∆ ¾≫ ∆ù≫°Ó
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 >1 fh >19 )>1 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 13/133
ßÛÊß
ù≫° ¾∯ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ¾≫ ©∆ ¾©∆Èâ ℡∞¾¢ù©° ©∆ Ù»ù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ Σ¢ù»≬ ∞≫ ùÈ©∞Σ¢
◀Ó ≬Σ©∞¾≫ É ¾∯ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ð ◀°Ð ù© ÆÊÅÓ ÆÅ×ßÅÊÐ Ç∆ Σ¾»È© °©È≢∞≫°
©∆ù© ©∆ Ò©ù© ∆ù° ≫¾ ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ È≬È℡∞≫ό ©∆ ≫ù≢ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ∯¾È ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥
Σ¾»∕¢≬Á í©∆ ∆∞≬©¾È∞Σ ù≫° £¢¢ß≬©ùè¢∞≬∆° ≫ù©»È ¾∯ ©∆∞≬ ¢∞≢∞©ù©∞¾≫â Σ¾»¢° ≫¾© ∞©≬¢∯
∁»≬©∞∯Ö ©∆ °∞∯∯È≫©∞ù¢ ©Èù©≢≫©Ó ù≫° ©∆ Σ¾»È© ∯¾»≫° ≫¾ Èù≬¾≫ ©∆ù© È≬©È∞Σ©∞≫ό ©∆
°≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ©¾ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ £ù≬ ≫Σ≬≬ùÈÖ ©¾ ∕È≬È℡ ©∆
è≫∯∞©≬ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ≫∁¾Ö° èÖ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ¾È ©∆∞È Σ∆∞¢°È≫Ð ◀°Ð ù© ÆÅßÅ×Ð
Ç∆ Σ¾»È© ≫¾©° ≬∕Σ∞∯∞Σù¢¢Ö ©∆ù© í©∆ °∞≬©∞≫Σ©∞¾≫ ∞≫ ≫¾≢≫Σ¢ù©»È è©£≫ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό
ù≫° °¾≢≬©∞Σ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬∆∞∕ Σù≫≫¾© è °∯≫°° ¾≫ ©∆ èù≬∞≬ ¾∯ ù≫ ù≬≬È©° °∞∯∯È≫Σ ∞≫
©∆ ∯∯Σ© ¾≫ Σ∆∞¢°È≫ ¾∯ è∞≫ό Èù∞≬° èÖ ù≫ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢ ∞≫≬©ù° ¾∯ èÖ ù
≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢Óâ èΣù»≬ í©∆ ό¾℡È≫∞≫ό ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ≬©ù©»©≬ ∕È≢∞© ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬
©¾ ù°¾∕© ù≫° Èù∞≬ Σ∆∞¢°È≫ ù≫° ù°°∞©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö °Èù£ ≫¾ °∞≬©∞≫Σ©∞¾≫ è©£≫ ≢ùÈÈ∞°
Σ¾»∕¢≬ ù≫° °¾≢≬©∞Σ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬ £∞©∆ ÈόùÈ° ©¾ ©∆ ¢όù¢ È∞ό∆©≬ ù≫° È≬∕¾≫≬∞è∞¢∞©∞≬
È¢ù©∞≫ό ©¾ Σ∆∞¢°È≫ Èù∞≬° £∞©∆∞≫ ùΣ∆ ¾∯ ©∆≬ ∯ù≢∞¢Ö È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬Ðâ ◀°Ð ù© ÆÅ× ≫ÐÉ×Ð
ő≬©È∞Σ©∞≫ό ùΣΣ≬≬ ©¾ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã °∞°Ó ∆¾£℡ÈÓ í£¾È²≉∐ ù Èù¢ ù≫°
ù∕∕ÈΣ∞ùè¢ ∆ùÈ≢ »∕¾≫ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ù≫° ©∆∞È Σ∆∞¢°È≫Óâ èΣù»≬ í∕Ⱦ℡∞°∞≫ό ¾≫¢Ö
ù ≫¾℡¢Ó ù¢©È≫ù©∞℡ ∞≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ ∯¾È ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬â Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©° íù≫ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ ≬©ù©≢≫©
©∆ù© ©∆ ∯ù≢∞¢Ö È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ ¾∯ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ∞≬ ≫¾© ¾∯ Σ¾≢∕ùÈùè¢ ≬©ù©»È ¾È Ù»ù¢
°∞ό≫∞©Ö ©¾ ©∆ ∯ù≢∞¢Ö È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ ¾∯ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬Ðâ ◀°Ð ù© ÆÅ×Ð ‰¾≫≬Ù»≫©¢ÖÓ
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 >7 fh >19 )>7 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 14/133
ßÛÆß
©∆ Σ¾»È© °©È≢∞≫° ©∆ù© £∞©∆∆¾¢°∞≫ό ¾≫¢Ö ©∆ ≫ù≢ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ∯Ⱦ≢ ≬ù≢ß≬¥
Σ¾»∕¢≬ ℡∞¾¢ù©° ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ã≬ ό»ùÈù≫© ¾∯ Ù»ù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫Ð
Ç∆ Σ¾»È© È≢°∞° ©∆≬ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ℡∞¾¢ù©∞¾≫≬ èÖ ≬©È∞²∞≫ό ©∆ ¢ù≫ό»ùό ∯Ⱦ≢
©∆ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ≬©ù©»©≬ í¢∞≢∞©∞≫ό ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ©¾ ù »≫∞¾≫ éè©£≫ ù ≢ù≫
ù≫° ù £¾≢ù≫Óãâ ∞≫℡ù¢∞°ù©∞≫ό ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ××Ó ù≫° ¾È°È∞≫ό ©∆ù© ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯
é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã è ≢ù° ù℡ù∞¢ùè¢ ©¾ 辩∆ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ ù≫° ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬Ð ◀°Ð ù© ÆÅÊÐ
⁋¾¢¢¾£∞≫ό ©∆ Σ¾»È©ã≬ °Σ∞≬∞¾≫Ó ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù Σ¾»≫©∞≬ ∞≬≬»° ≢¾È ©∆ù≫ ÛÏÓ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό
¢∞Σ≫≬≬ ©¾ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬Ð
‰
⁋∞℡ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù È≬∞°≫©≬á°∯≫°ù≫©≬ß∞≫©È℡≫¾È≬ßù∕∕¢¢ù≫©≬ ″≫≫∞≬
ö¾¢¢∞≫ό≬£¾È©∆Ó Źù∞¢ ýÐ –≫∞ό∆©Ó —ùÈ©∞≫ ⁋Ð Ź»©∞ÈÈ¸Ó öù²ßÒ∆∞≫ό …∞¢¢∞ù≢ Çù≢Ó ù≫°
—ùȲ fiÐ ýù≫≬≬¾≫ ¦Σ¾¢¢Σ©∞℡¢ÖÓ í‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬â˚áΣ¾¢¢Σ©° ℡¾©È ≬∞ό≫ù©»È≬ ù≫° ∯∞¢°
∕©∞©∞¾≫≬ £∞©∆ ©∆ ≬©ù© ό¾℡È≫≢≫© ©¾ ∕¢ùΣ ù≫ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ ¾≫ ©∆ ‚¾℡≢èÈ ÆÓ ×ÏÓ
èù¢¢¾©Ð Ì≫¢∞² ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ××Ó ©∆∞≬ £ù≬ ù≫ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ù≢≫°≢≫©Ó £∆∞Σ∆
£¾»¢° è Ù»ù¢ ∞≫ ∯∯Σ© ©¾ ù≫Ö ¾©∆È ∕Ⱦ℡∞≬∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ó Èù©∆È
©∆ù≫ ≬»è¾È°∞≫ù© ©¾ ∞©Ð Ç∆ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ã ≢ù≬»ÈÓ °≬∞ό≫ù©° ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ ∕Ⱦ∕¾≬°
©¾ ù°° ù ≫£ ∕Ⱦ℡∞≬∞¾≫ ©¾ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ã≬ ″Σ¢ùÈù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ő∞ό∆©≬Ó
∞≢≢°∞ù©¢Ö ∯¾¢¢¾£∞≫ό ©∆ ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ã≬ °» ∕ȾΣ≬≬ ù≫° Ù»ù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ Σ¢ù»≬≬Ð
Ç∆ ∕Ⱦ℡∞≬∞¾≫ ≬©ù©≬Ó í‛≫¢Ö ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό è©£≫ ù ≢ù≫ ù≫° ù £¾≢ù≫ ∞≬ ℡ù¢∞° ¾È
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 >; fh >19 )>; fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 15/133
ßÛÅß
ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸° ∞≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÐâ fiΣΣ¾È°∞≫ό ©¾ ©∆ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ ℡¾©È ∞≫∯¾È≢ù©∞¾≫ ό»∞°Ó
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï í≉Σ∐∆ù≫ό≬ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ ©¾ ¢∞≢∞≫ù© ©∆ È∞ό∆© ¾∯ ≬ù≢ß≬¥
Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖ ∞≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÐâ ‛∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ ¾©È ◀≫∯¾È≢ù©∞¾≫ Ź»∞°Ó ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù Ź≫Èù¢
«¢Σ©∞¾≫ ¦‚¾℡Ð ÆÓ ×Ï˚Ó ù© ÅÆÐ ⁋¾¢¢¾£∞≫ό ù Σ¾≫©≫©∞¾»≬ Σù≢∕ù∞ό≫Ó ù ≬¢∞≢ ≢ù∁¾È∞©Ö ¾∯
‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ℡¾©È≬ ¦Å×ÐÊ ∕ÈΣ≫©˚ ù∕∕Ⱦ℡° ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÐ ‗»È≬»ù≫© ©¾ ©∆ ≬©ù©
Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ó ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ©¾¾² ∯∯Σ© ©∆ ≫¥© °ùÖÓ ù≬ ùÈ©∞Σ¢ ◀Ó ≬Σ©∞¾≫ ÉÐÅ ¾∯ ©∆
‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ð
‛∕∕¾≫≫©≬ ¾∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ©∆≫ èȾ»ό∆© ù≫ ¾È∞ό∞≫ù¢ ùΣ©∞¾≫ ∯¾È ù £È∞© ¾∯
≢ù≫°ù© ∞≫ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È©Ð Ç∆Ö Σ¾≫©≫°° ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï
¥Σ°° ©∆ ≬Σ¾∕ ¾∯ ©∆ ‗¾∕¢ã≬ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ ∕¾£È èΣù»≬ ∞© È℡∞≬°Ó Èù©∆È ©∆ù≫
ù≢≫°°Ó ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ð Ç∆ ¾∕∕¾≫≫©≬ °∞° ≫¾© Èù∞≬ ù≫Ö ∯°Èù¢
Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ Σ∆ù¢¢≫ό ©¾ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∞≫ ©∆ ≬©ù© Σ¾»È©Ð Ç∆ ≬©ù© ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢≬ ≫ù≢°
ù≬ È≬∕¾≫°≫©≬ È∯»≬° ©¾ °∯≫° ©∆ ≢ù≬»Èã≬ ℡ù¢∞°∞©ÖÓ è»© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ £È
∕È≢∞©©° ©¾ ∞≫©È℡≫ ù≫° °¾ ≬¾Ð ⁋¾¢¢¾£∞≫ό ùÈό»≢≫©Ó ©∆ Σ¾»È© »∕∆¢° ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫
Ï ù≬ ù ℡ù¢∞° ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ 軩 Σ¾≫≬©È»° ©∆ ≢ù≬»È ù≬ ≫¾© ≫»¢¢∞∯Ö∞≫ό ©∆ ÛÏÓß∕¢»≬
≢ùÈÈ∞ùό≬ ¾∯ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©∆ù© ∆ù° ù¢Èù°Ö è≫ ∕È∯¾È≢° ∞≫ ©∆ Ò©ù©Ð Ò©Èù»≬≬
℡Ð ö¾È©¾≫Ó ×É ‗ÐÊ° ÆÏÓ ÎÏßÛÛÓ ÛÛÎß×× ¦‰ù¢Ð ×Î˚Ð
Ç∆ Σ¾»È© ù¢≬¾ ¥∕¢ù∞≫° ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ïã≬ ∕ÈΣ∞≬ ∯∯Σ© ¾≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ¢ù£À
í≉Ç∐∆ ≢ù≬»È ΣùÈ℡≬ ¾»© ù ≫ùÈȾ£ ù≫° ¢∞≢∞©° ¥Σ∕©∞¾≫ ©¾ ©∆≉∐ ≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 >2 fh >19 )>2 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 16/133
ßÛÄß
È∞ό∆©≬ ≉ùÈ©∞Σ»¢ù©° ∞≫ ©∆ —ùÈÈ∞ùό ‰ù≬≬∐Ó È≬È℡∞≫ό ©∆ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆
©È≢ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ∯¾È ©∆ »≫∞¾≫ ¾∯ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ù≬ ù ≢ù©©È ¾∯ ≬©ù©
Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ¢ù£Ó 軩 ¢ù℡∞≫ό »≫°∞≬©»Èè° ù¢¢ ¾∯ ©∆ ¾©∆È ¥©È≢¢Ö ≬∞ό≫∞∯∞Σù≫©
≬»è≬©ù≫©∞℡ ù≬∕Σ©≬ ¾∯ ù ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢ã≬ ≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≬©ùè¢∞≬∆ ù≫
¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢¢Ö ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸° ù≫° ∕Ⱦ©Σ©° ∯ù≢∞¢Ö È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ ù≫° ©∆ ό»ùÈù≫© ¾∯ Ù»ù¢
∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ ¢ù£≬Ðâ ◀°Ð ù© ÄÛÁ ≬ ù¢≬¾ ∞°Ð ù© ÉÅÐ ◀≫ ¾©∆È £¾È°≬Ó ù∯©È ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫
ÏÓ í≉≬∐ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ È©ù∞≫ ù¢¢ ¾∯ ©∆ ∯»≫°ù≢≫©ù¢ ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞℡ Σ¾≢∕¾≫≫©≬
≫Σ¾≢∕ù≬≬° £∞©∆∞≫ ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È∞ό∆©≬ ¾∯ ∕È∞℡ùΣÖ ù≫° °» ∕ȾΣ≬≬Ó £∞©∆ ©∆ ≬¾¢
¦ù¢è∞© ≬∞ό≫∞∯∞Σù≫©˚ ¥Σ∕©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ Ù»ù¢ ùΣΣ≬≬ ©¾ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫
é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÐãâ ◀°Ð ù© ÛÛÄÐ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ùΣΣ¾≢∕¢∞≬∆° ©∆∞≬ È≬»¢© ≫¾© èÖ í°Σ¢ùÈ≉∞≫ό∐ ©∆
≬©ù© ¾∯ ©∆ ¢ù£ ù≬ ∞© ¥∞≬©° £∆≫ ©∆ —ùÈÈ∞ùό ‰ù≬≬ °Σ∞≬∞¾≫ £ù≬ È≫°È°Ó 軩
∞≫≬©ù° ≉èÖ∐ ≬©ùè¢∞≬∆≉∞≫ό∐ ù ≫£ ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞℡ ≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È»¢ ©∆ù© èΣù≢
∯∯Σ©∞℡ ¾≫Σ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï £ù≬ ù∕∕Ⱦ℡° èÖ ©∆ ℡¾©È≬Ðâ ◀°Ð ù© ÛÛÅÁ ≬ ù¢≬¾ ∞°Ð ù© ÄÊÐ
◀◀
fi
Ç£¾ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬á∕¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯≬ –È∞≬©∞≫ ‗ÈÈÖ ù≫° Òù≫°Èù Ò©∞ÈÓ ù≫° ‗ù»¢
–ù©ù≢∞ ù≫° ý∯∯ÈÖ ∈ùÈÈ∞¢¢¾á∯∞¢° ©∆∞≬ ùΣ©∞¾≫ »≫°È Æ× ÌÐÒЉРs ÛÎÏÊ ∞≫ —ùÖ ×ÎÓ
ù∯©È è∞≫ό °≫∞° ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ¢∞Σ≫≬≬ èÖ ©∆ ‰¾»≫©Ö ‰¢È²≬ ¾∯ fi¢ù≢°ù ‰¾»≫©Ö ù≫°
’¾≬ fi≫ό¢≬ ‰¾»≫©ÖÓ È≬∕Σ©∞℡¢ÖÐ fi¢¢ό∞≫ό ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ℡∞¾¢ù©≬ ©∆ ⁋¾»È©≫©∆
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 >8 fh >19 )>8 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 17/133
Ç∆ °∞≬©È∞Σ© Σ¾»È© ≬»è≬Ù»≫©¢Ö °≫∞° ©∆ ≢¾©∞¾≫ ©¾ ∞≫©È℡≫ èȾ»ό∆© èÖ ©∆×
‰ù≢∕ù∞ό≫ ∯¾È ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ⁋ù≢∞¢∞≬Ó ù ∕»è¢∞Σ ∞≫©È≬© ¾Èόù≫∞¸ù©∞¾≫ ©∆ù© ≬»∕∕¾È©°
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï è»© £ù≬ ≫¾© ©∆ ≢ù≬»Èã≬ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ ≬∕¾≫≬¾ÈÐ … ù∯∯∞È≢° ©∆ù© °Σ∞≬∞¾≫
∞≫ ‗ÈÈÖ ℡Ð ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ‛∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ¦ ‗ÈÈÖ ◀ ̊ Ó ÅÏÉ ⁋ÐÊ° ÎÆÉ ¦Î©∆ ‰∞ÈÐ ×Î˚Ð
Ç∆ °∞≬©È∞Σ© Σ¾»È© ù¢≬¾ °≫∞° ¢ù℡ ©¾ ∞≫©È℡≫ ©¾ ù Σ¾ù¢∞©∞¾≫ ¾∯ Σ∞℡∞¢ È∞ό∆©≬ ù°℡¾ΣùΣÖ
¾Èόù≫∞¸ù©∞¾≫≬Ð ◀°Ð ù© ÎÅ ≫ÐÛÐ
fi ≫»≢èÈ ¾∯ ù≫Σ∞¢¢ùÈÖ ≢ù©©È≬Ó ≫¾≫ ¾∯ £∆∞Σ∆ £ ≫° È℡∞≬∞© ∆ÈÓ £ÈÊ
∕È≬≫©° ©¾ ©∆∞≬ Σ¾»È© ∞≢≢°∞ù©¢Ö ∕È∞¾È ©¾ ù≫° °»È∞≫ό ©∆ ©È∞ù¢Ð ⁋∞È≬©Ó £ όÈù≫©°‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ã ∕©∞©∞¾≫ ∯¾È ù £È∞© ¾∯ ≢ù≫°ù≢»≬ ©¾ ∕Ⱦ©Σ© ©∆∞È ⁋∞È≬© fi≢≫°≢≫©
∞≫©È≬©≬ ∞≫ Σù≢∕ù∞ό≫ Σ¾≢≢»≫∞Σù©∞¾≫≬ ùόù∞≫≬© ∞≫©È»≬∞¾≫ èÖ ‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯≬ã °∞≬Σ¾℡ÈÖ
ÈÙ»≬©≬Ð ‗ÈÈÖ ℡Ð ÒΣ∆£ùȸ≫όόÈ ¦ ‗ÈÈÖ ◀◀ ̊Ó ÅÎÛ ⁋ÐÊ° ÛÛÆÉ ¦Î©∆ ‰∞ÈÐ ×Û˚Ó
¦Σ¾≫©∞≫»°ÐÐÐ˚
ßÛÉß
fi≢≫°≢≫© ©¾ ©∆ Ì≫∞©° Ò©ù©≬ ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ó ©∆Ö ≬¾»ό∆© ù °Σ¢ùÈù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ∞©≬
»≫Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢∞©Ö ù≫° ù≫ ∞≫∁»≫Σ©∞¾≫ èùÈÈ∞≫ό ∞©≬ ≫∯¾ÈΣ≢≫©Ð Ç∆ ‰∞©Ö ù≫° ‰¾»≫©Ö
¾∯ Òù≫ ⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾ ¦íÒù≫ ⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾â˚ £ù≬ ¢ù©È ∕È≢∞©©° ©¾ ∞≫©È℡≫ ù≬ ù ∕¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯ ©¾
∕È≬≫© ℡∞°≫Σ ¾∯ ©∆ ù≢≫°≢≫©ã≬ ∯∯Σ©≬ ¾≫ ∞©≬ ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢ ∞≫©È≬©≬Ð Ç∆
°∯≫°ù≫©≬á©∆ ©£¾ Σ¾»≫©Ö Σ¢È²≬ ù≫° ∯¾»È ≬©ù© ¾∯∯∞ΣÈ≬Ó ∞≫Σ¢»°∞≫ό ©∆ Ź¾℡È≫¾È ù≫°
fi©©¾È≫Ö Ź≫Èù¢á∯∞¢° ù≫≬£È≬ ©¾ ©∆ Σ¾≢∕¢ù∞≫© 軩 ¾≫Σ ùόù∞≫ È∯»≬° ©¾ ùÈό» ∞≫
∯ù℡¾È ¾∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ïã≬ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢∞©ÖÐ fi≬ ù È≬»¢©Ó ©∆ °∞≬©È∞Σ© Σ¾»È© όÈù≫©°
‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ã ≢¾©∞¾≫ ©¾ ∞≫©È℡≫ ù≬ ¾∯ È∞ό∆© »≫°È ⁋°Èù¢ ő»¢ ¾∯ ‰∞℡∞¢ ‗È¾Σ°»È
×Ʀù˚ ©¾ °∯≫° ©∆ ℡ù¢∞°∞©Ö ¾∯ ©∆ ∕Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ©∆Ö ∆ù° ≬∕¾≫≬¾È°Ð×
Ç∆ °∞≬©È∞Σ© Σ¾»È© ∆¢° ù ©£¢℡ß°ùÖ è≫Σ∆ ©È∞ù¢Ó °»È∞≫ό £∆∞Σ∆ ∞© ∆ùÈ° ©≬©∞≢¾≫Ö
∯Ⱦ≢ ≫∞≫©≫ £∞©≫≬≬≬ ù≫°Ó ù∯©È ό∞℡∞≫ό ©∆ ∕ùÈ©∞≬ ù ∯»¢¢ ù≫° ∯ù∞È ¾∕∕¾È©»≫∞©Ö ©¾
∕È≬≫© ℡∞°≫Σ ù≫° ùÈό»≢≫©Ó è»∞¢© ù≫ ¥©≫≬∞℡ ℡∞°≫©∞ùÈÖ ÈΣ¾È°Ð ◀≫ ù ©∆¾È¾»ό∆Ê
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 >= fh >19 )>= fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 18/133
¦ÐÐÐΣ¾≫©∞≫»°˚Ê
ù≢≫°∞≫ό ù≫° °≫Ö∞≫ό È∆ãό ≫ èù≫Σ ¾∯ ÅÎÛ ⁋ÐÊ° ÛÛ×Ä ¦Î©∆ ‰∞ÈÐ ×Î˚Ð ÒΣ¾≫°Ó £
°≫∞° ù ≬∞≢∞¢ùÈ ≢ù≫°ù≢»≬ ∕©∞©∞¾≫ èȾ»ό∆© èÖ ©∆È ≫¾≫ß∕ùÈ©Ö ¾Èόù≫∞¸ù©∞¾≫≬ ©∆ù© ∆ù°Σù≢∕ù∞ό≫° ùόù∞≫≬© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÐ ‗ÈÈÖ ℡Ð ÒΣ∆£ùȸ≫όόÈ ¦ ‗ÈÈÖ ◀◀◀ ̊ Ó Ä× ⁋ÐÊ° ÎÉÄ
¦Î©∆ ‰∞ÈÐ ×Û˚Ð ⁋∞≫ù¢¢ÖÓ ù ≢¾©∞¾≫≬ ∕ù≫¢ ¾∯ ©∆∞≬ Σ¾»È© °≫∞° ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ã ≢Èό≫ΣÖ
∕©∞©∞¾≫ ∯¾È ù £È∞© ¾∯ ≢ù≫°ù≢»≬Ó ∯∞¢° ¾≫ ©∆ ℡ ¾∯ ©È∞ù¢Ó ©¾ ∕Ⱦ∆∞è∞© ©∆ °∞≬©È∞Σ© Σ¾»È©
∯Ⱦ≢ èȾù°Σù≬©∞≫ό ©∆ ©È∞ù¢ ℡∞ù ≬©Èù≢∞≫ό ℡∞°¾ ù≫° ù»°∞¾ ©¾ ù ∯£ ∯°Èù¢ Σ¾»È©∆¾»≬≬
ùȾ»≫° ©∆ Σ¾»≫©ÈÖÐ Ç∆ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ©∆≫ όÈù≫©° ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ã ù∕∕¢∞Σù©∞¾≫ ∯¾È ù
©≢∕¾ÈùÈÖ ù≫° ℡≫©»ù¢¢Ö ∕È≢ù≫≫© ≬©ùÖ ¾∯ ©∆ èȾù°Σù≬©Ð ö¾¢¢∞≫ό≬£¾È©∆ ℡Ð ‗ÈÈÖÓ
ÛÊ ÒÐ ‰©Ð ÛÛÊ× ¦×Û˚ ¦≢≢Ð˚Á ö¾¢¢∞≫ό≬£¾È©∆ ℡Ð ‗ÈÈÖÓ ÛÊ ÒÐ ‰©Ð ÉÅ ¦×Û˚Ð
Ç∆ Σ¾»È© ∯¾»≫°Ó ù≢¾≫ό ¾©∆È ©∆∞≫ό≬Ó ©∆ù© ¦Û˚ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό è≫∯∞©≬ ≬¾Σ∞©Ö èÖÆ
¾Èόù≫∞¸∞≫ό ∞≫°∞℡∞°»ù¢≬ ∞≫©¾ Σ¾∆≬∞℡ ∯ù≢∞¢Ö »≫∞©≬Ó °℡¢¾∕∞≫ό ù Èù¢≢ ¾∯ ¢∞èÈ©Ö ∯¾È
∞≫©∞≢ùΣÖ ù≫° ∯È °Σ∞≬∞¾≫ ≢ù²∞≫όÓ ΣÈù©∞≫ό ≬©ùè¢ ∆¾»≬∆¾¢°≬Ó ¢ό∞©∞≢ù©∞≫ό Σ∆∞¢°È≫Ó
ù≬≬∞ό≫∞≫ό ∞≫°∞℡∞°»ù¢≬ ©¾ ΣùÈ ∯¾È ¾≫ ù≫¾©∆ÈÓ ù≫° ∯ùΣ∞¢∞©ù©∞≫ό ∕Ⱦ∕È©Ö ¾£≫È≬∆∞∕Ó ∞°Ð
ù© ÎÄÛÁ ¦×˚ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό è≫∯∞©≬ ≬∕¾»≬≬ ù≫° ©∆∞È Σ∆∞¢°È≫ ∕∆Ö≬∞Σù¢¢ÖÓ ∕≬ÖΣ∆¾¢¾ό∞Σù¢¢ÖÓ
ù≫° Σ¾≫¾≢∞Σù¢¢ÖÓ ∞°Ð ù© ÎÄ×ßÄÊÓ £∆©∆È ©∆ ≬∕¾»≬≬ ùÈ ¾∯ ©∆ ≬ù≢ ¾È ¾∕∕¾≬∞©
≬¥≬Ó ∞°Ð ù© ÎÄÎßÉÁ ¦Ê˚ °¾≢≬©∞Σ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬∆∞∕≬ ¢ùΣ² ©∆ ≬¾Σ∞ù¢ ≢ù≫∞≫ό ù≬≬¾Σ∞ù©° £∞©∆
≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÓ ∞°Ð ù© ÎÉÓ ÎÉÊßÉÅÁ ¦Æ˚ ∕È≢∞©©∞≫ό ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖ £¾»¢° ≫¾©
ù∯∯Σ© ©∆ ≫»≢èÈ ¾È ≬©ùè∞¢∞©Ö ¾∯ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό≬Ó ∞°Ð ù© ÎÉ×ßÉÊÁ ¦Å˚ ©∆ Σ∆∞¢°È≫
¾∯ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ è≫∯∞© £∆≫ ©∆∞È ∕ùÈ≫©≬ ≢ùÈÈÖÓ ù≫° ©∆Ö ∯ùÈ ∁»≬© ù≬ £¢¢ ù≬
Σ∆∞¢°È≫ Èù∞≬° èÖ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ ∕ùÈ≫©≬Ó ∞°Ð ù© ÎÉÊÓ ÎÏßÏÛÁ ¦Ä˚ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï
≬©∞ό≢ù©∞¸≬ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ù≬ ∆ù℡∞≫ό È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬ ∞≫∯È∞¾È ©¾ ©∆¾≬ ¾∯ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥Σ¾»∕¢≬Ó ∞°Ð ù© ÎÉÊßÉÆÓ ÎÉÎßÏÁ ¦É˚ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ¢∞≢∞≫ù©° ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ã È∞ό∆©
©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖ è»© °∞° ≫¾© ù∯∯Σ© ù≫Ö ¾©∆È ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞℡ È∞ό∆© ©∆Ö ≫∁¾Ö°Ó ∞°Ð ù© ÎÉÉÁ ù≫° ¦Ï˚
©∆ Σù≢∕ù∞ό≫ ∞≫ ∯ù℡¾È ¾∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï È¢∞° »∕¾≫ ≬©È¾©Ö∕≬ ù≫° »≫∯¾»≫°° ∯ùÈ≬
ùè¾»© όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬Ó ∞°Ð ù© ÎÏÏßÎÛÐ
ßÛÏß
¾∕∞≫∞¾≫ ∞≫ fi»ό»≬© ×ÛÓ ©∆ Σ¾»È© ≢ù° ∞ό∆©Ö ∯∞≫°∞≫ό≬ ¾∯ ∯ùΣ© ù≫° ù°¾∕©° ©∆
È¢℡ù≫© Σ¾≫Σ¢»≬∞¾≫≬ ¾∯ ¢ù£Ð ‗ÈÈÖ ℡Ð ÒΣ∆£ùȸ≫όόÈ ¦ ‗ÈÈÖ ◀ ̊ Ó ÉÆ ⁋Ð Ò»∕∕Ð ×° Î×Û
¦‚Ð″Ð ‰ù¢Ð ×Û˚Ð Ç∆ Σ¾»È© ∆¢° ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï »≫Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ »≫°È ©∆ ″»Æ
‗ȾΣ≬≬ ‰¢ù»≬ èΣù»≬ ≫¾ Σ¾≢∕¢¢∞≫ό ≬©ù© ∞≫©È≬© ∁»≬©∞∯∞≬ °≫Ö∞≫ό ≬ù≢ß≬¥
Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©∆ ∯»≫°ù≢≫©ù¢ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖÐ ◀°Ð ù© ÎÎÛßÎÅÐ Ç∆ Σ¾»È© ù¢≬¾ °©È≢∞≫° ©∆ù©
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 >9 fh >19 )>9 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 19/133
…∞©∆¾»© ¥∕¢ù≫ù©∞¾≫Ó ©∆ °∞≬©È∞Σ© Σ¾»È© ∯ù∞¢° ©¾ ≫©È ù ≬∕ùÈù© °Σ¢ùÈù©¾ÈÖÅ
∁»°ό≢≫© ù≬ ‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯≬ ∆ù° ÈÙ»≬©°Ð Ç∆ Σ¾»È©ã≬ ¾∕∞≫∞¾≫ ≢ù° Σ¢ùÈ ∞©≬ ∆¾¢°∞≫ό í©∆ù©
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∞≬ »≫Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢Ðâ ÉÆ ⁋Ð Ò»∕∕Ð ×° ù© ÛÊÐ »© ©∆ Σ¢È² ù∕∕ùÈ≫©¢Ö
≫℡È ∞≬≬»° ©∆∞≬ °Σ¢ùÈù©¾ÈÖ ∁»°ό≢≫© ù≬ ù ≬∕ùÈù© °¾Σ»≢≫©Ó ù≬ ⁋°Ð őÐ ‰∞℡Ð ‗Ð ÅÏ
ÈÙ»∞È≬Ð
‰¾≫Σ»ÈÈ≫©¢Ö £∞©∆ ∞©≬ °Σ∞≬∞¾≫ ¾≫ ©∆ ≢È∞©≬ ¾∯ ‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯≬ã Σ¢ù∞≢Ó ©∆ °∞≬©È∞Σ©Ä
Σ¾»È© °≫∞° ù ≢¾©∞¾≫ ©¾ ∞≫©È℡≫ ù≬ ù °∯≫°ù≫© èȾ»ό∆© èÖ ◀≢∕È∞ù¢ ‰¾»≫©ÖÓ ∞©≬
è¾ùÈ° ¾∯ ≬»∕È℡∞≬¾È≬Ó ù≫° ¾≫ ¾∯ ∞©≬ ″∕»©Ö ‰¾»≫©Ö ‰¢È²≬Ð … ù∯∯∞È≢° ©∆ °∞≬©È∞Σ©
Σ¾»È©ã≬ °≫∞ù¢ ¾∯ ©∆ ≢¾©∞¾≫Ó ¾≫ ù¢©È≫ù©∞℡ όȾ»≫°≬Ó ∞≫ ‗ÈÈÖ ℡Ð ÒΣ∆£ùȸ≫όόÈ ¦ ‗ÈÈÖ ◀ ̊ Ó ÄÊ ⁋ÐÊ° ÏÎÏ ¦Î©∆ ‰∞ÈÐ ×ÛÛ˚Ð Ç∆ ≫£¢Ö ¢Σ©° ‰¾»≫©Ö ‰¢È² ¾∯ ◀≢∕È∞ù¢
‰¾»≫©Ö ≬»è≬Ù»≫©¢Ö ≢¾℡° ©¾ ∞≫©È℡≫ ∞≫ ©∆∞≬ Σ¾»È© ∞≫ ©∆ Σ¾≢∕ù≫∞¾≫ ù∕∕ù¢Ó ‚¾Ð
ÛßÛÄÉÅÛÐ ◀≫ ¢∞ό∆© ¾∯ ©∆ ∯ùΣ© ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ∆ù℡ ≬©ù≫°∞≫ό ©¾ ù∕∕ù¢Ó £ °≫Ö ©∆
≢¾©∞¾≫ ù≬ »≫©∞≢¢Ö 軩 ∆ù℡ Σ¾≫≬∞°È° ©∆ ‰¢È²ã≬ ∯∞¢∞≫ό≬ ù≬ èÈ∞∯≬ ù≢∞Σ∞ Σ»È∞ùÐ
ßÛÎß
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ℡∞¾¢ù©° ©∆ «Ù»ù¢ ‗Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ‰¢ù»≬Ó èΣù»≬ ©∆È ∞≬ ≫¾ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬
∯¾È ¢∞≢∞©∞≫ό ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ©¾ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬Ð ◀°Ð ù© ÎÎÉßÛÊÐ
Ç∆ Σ¾»È© ©∆È∯¾È ≫©È° ©∆ ∯¾¢¢¾£∞≫ό ∞≫∁»≫Σ©∞¾≫À í″∯≫°ù≫©≬ ∞≫ ©∆∞È ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢
Σù∕ùΣ∞©∞≬Ó ù≫° ù¢¢ ∕È≬¾≫≬ »≫°È ©∆ Σ¾≫©È¾¢ ¾È ≬»∕È℡∞≬∞¾≫ ¾∯ °∯≫°ù≫©≬Ó ùÈ
∕È≢ù≫≫©¢Ö ≫∁¾∞≫° ∯Ⱦ≢ ù∕∕¢Ö∞≫ό ¾È ≫∯¾ÈΣ∞≫ό fiÈ©∞Σ¢ ◀Ó s ÉÐÅ ¾∯ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù
‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ðâ ″¾ΣÐ É×Ï ¦‗È≢ù≫≫© ◀≫∁»≫Σ©∞¾≫˚Ó ‗ÈÈÖ ℡Ð ÒΣ∆£ùȸ≫όόÈ Ó ‚¾ÐÅ
ÎßΣ℡ß××Î× ¦‚Ð″Ð ‰ù¢Ð fi»όÐ Û×Ó ×Û˚ÐÄ
‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ù∕∕ù¢° ∞≢≢°∞ù©¢ÖÓ ù≫° ù ≢¾©∞¾≫≬ ∕ù≫¢ ¾∯ ©∆∞≬ Σ¾»È© ≬©ùÖ° ©∆
°∞≬©È∞Σ© Σ¾»È©ã≬ ∞≫∁»≫Σ©∞¾≫ ∕≫°∞≫ό ù∕∕ù¢Ð Ç∆ ≢¾©∞¾≫≬ ∕ù≫¢ ù≬²° ©∆ ∕ùÈ©∞≬ ©¾
°∞≬Σ»≬≬ ∞≫ ©∆∞È èÈ∞∯≬Ó ù≬ ù ∕È¢∞≢∞≫ùÈÖ ≢ù©©ÈÓ £∆©∆È ©∆ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ∆ù° ≬©ù≫°∞≫ό
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 >3 fh >19 )>3 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 20/133
… ℡ùΣù©° ≬»è≢∞≬≬∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆∞≬ Σù≬ »∕¾≫ ¾È°È∞≫ό ©∆ù© ¾»È Ù»≬©∞¾≫ èÉ
ΣÈ©∞∯∞° ©¾ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È©Ð ‗ÈÈÖ Ó Ä×Ï ⁋ÐÊ° ù© Û×Ð Ç∆ Σù≬ ∞≬ ≫¾£
¾È°È° È≬»è≢∞©©°Ð
ß×ß
©¾ ≬² È℡∞£ ¾∯ ©∆ °∞≬©È∞Σ© Σ¾»È© ¾È°ÈÐ fi∯©È Σ¾≫≬∞°È∞≫ό ©∆ ∕ùÈ©∞≬ã ùÈό»≢≫©≬Ó £
Σ¾≫Σ¢»°° ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ã ≬©ù≫°∞≫ό ©¾ ù∕∕ù¢ °∕≫°° ¾≫ ©∆ ∕ÈΣ∞≬ È∞ό∆©≬ ù≫°
∞≫©È≬©≬ ό∞℡≫ ©¾ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ ≬∕¾≫≬¾È≬ ¾∯ ù≫ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ »≫°È ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ¢ù£Ó £∆∞Σ∆ ∆ù°
≫℡È è≫ Σ¢ùÈ¢Ö °∯∞≫° èÖ ©∆ Ò©ù©ã≬ ∆∞ό∆≬© Σ¾»È©Ð … ©∆È∯¾È ΣÈ©∞∯∞° ©∆
∯¾¢¢¾£∞≫ό Ù»≬©∞¾≫ ©¾ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È©À
…∆©∆È »≫°È fiÈ©∞Σ¢ ◀◀Ó ÒΣ©∞¾≫ Ï ¾∯ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ó ¾È
¾©∆È£∞≬ »≫°È ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ¢ù£Ó ©∆ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ ∕Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ¾∯ ù≫ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡
≢ù≬»È ∕¾≬≬≬≬ ∞©∆È ù ∕ùÈ©∞Σ»¢ùÈ∞¸° ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ ©∆ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ã≬ ℡ù¢∞°∞©Ö
¾È ©∆ ù»©∆¾È∞©Ö ©¾ ù≬≬È© ©∆ Ò©ù©ã≬ ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ ©∆ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ã≬ ℡ù¢∞°∞©ÖÓ
£∆∞Σ∆ £¾»¢° ≫ùè¢ ©∆≢ ©¾ °∯≫° ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢∞©Ö ¾∯ ©∆ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡
»∕¾≫ ∞©≬ ù°¾∕©∞¾≫ ¾È ù∕∕ù¢ ù ∁»°ό≢≫© ∞≫℡ù¢∞°ù©∞≫ό ©∆ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡Ó £∆≫
©∆ ∕»è¢∞Σ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢≬ Σ∆ùÈό° £∞©∆ ©∆ù© °»©Ö È∯»≬ ©¾ °¾ ≬¾Ð
‗ÈÈÖ ℡Ð ÒΣ∆£ùȸ≫όόÈ ¦ ‗ÈÈÖ ̊ Ó Ä×Ï ⁋ÐÊ° ÛÛÎÛÓ ÛÛÎÊ ¦Î©∆ ‰∞ÈÐ ×ÛÛ˚Ð Ç∆ ≬©ù©
Σ¾»È© όÈù≫©° ¾»È ÈÙ»≬© ∯¾È ΣÈ©∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ ∞≫ ⁋èÈ»ùÈÖ ×ÛÛÓ ù≫° ∞≫ ‚¾℡≢èÈ ×ÛÛ
È≫°È° ∞©≬ °Σ∞≬∞¾≫Ð Ò ‗ÈÈÖ ℡РȾ£≫ ¦ ‗ÈÈÖ ◀◀ ̊ Ó ÛÊÆ ‰ù¢Ð ő∕©ÈÐ Ê° ÆÎΦ ×ÛÛ˚Ð
… ≫¾£ È≬»≢ Σ¾≫≬∞°Èù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆∞≬ ù∕∕ù¢ÐÉ
◀◀◀
… èό∞≫Ó ù≬ £ ≢»≬©Ó £∞©∆ ©∆ ∞≬≬» ©∆ù© ∆ù≬ ∕Ⱦ¢¾≫ό° ¾»È Σ¾≫≬∞°Èù©∞¾≫ ¾∯
©∆∞≬ Σù≬À £∆©∆È £ ∆ù℡ ∁»È∞≬°∞Σ©∞¾≫ ¾℡È ù≫ ù∕∕ù¢ èȾ»ό∆© èÖ ©∆ °∯≫°ù≫©ß
∞≫©È℡≫¾È ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬Ó Èù©∆È ©∆ù≫ ©∆ °∯≫°ù≫© ≬©ù© ù≫° ¢¾Σù¢ ¾∯∯∞ΣÈ≬ £∆¾ £È
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 1< fh >19 )1< fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 21/133
fi¢©∆¾»ό∆ £ ÈόÈ© ©∆ °¢ùÖ ©∆ù© ¾»È ≫° ©¾ È≬¾¢℡ ©∆∞≬ ∞≬≬» ∆ù≬ Σù»≬°Ó £Ï
≫¾© ©∆ù© ©∆∞≬ °¢ùÖ £ù≬ ≫¾© ¾∯ ¾»È ¾£≫ ≢ù²∞≫όÐ Ò ‗ÈÈÖ Ó Ä×Ï ⁋ÐÊ° ù© Û×ß×
¦ő∞≫∆ùÈ°©Ó ýÐÓ Σ¾≫Σ»ÈÈ∞≫ό˚Ð … ùÈ όÈù©∯»¢ ©¾ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ∯¾È ©∆
©∆¾»ό∆©∯»¢ ù≫° ∯»¢¢ Σ¾≫≬∞°Èù©∞¾≫ ∞© όù℡ ¾»È Ù»≬©∞¾≫Ð
ß×Ûß
°∞ÈΣ©¢Ö ≫∁¾∞≫° èÖ ©∆ °∞≬©È∞Σ© Σ¾»È© ¾È°ÈÐ ◀≫ ℡∞£ ¾∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ã ù»©∆¾È∞©Ö »≫°È Ï
‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ¢ù£Ó £ Σ¾≫Σ¢»° ©∆ù© ©∆Ö °¾ ∆ù℡ ≬©ù≫°∞≫ό ©¾ ù∕∕ù¢Ð
⁋¾È ∕»È∕¾≬≬ ¾∯ fiÈ©∞Σ¢ ◀◀◀ ≬©ù≫°∞≫όÓ £ ≬©ùÈ© £∞©∆ ©∆ ∕È≢∞≬ ©∆ù© íù Ò©ù© ∆ù≬
≬©ù≫°∞≫ό ©¾ °∯≫° ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢∞©Ö ¾∯ ∞©≬ ≉¢ù£≬∐Ðâ ″∞ù≢¾≫° ℡Ð ‰∆ùÈ¢≬Ó ÆÉÄ ÌÐÒÐ
ÅÆÓ Ä× ¦ÛÎÏÄ˚Ð …∆≫ ù ≬©ù© ¢ù£ ∞≬ È»¢° »≫Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢Ó ∞©∆È ©∆ ≬©ù© ¾È ù ≬©ù©
¾∯∯∞ΣÈ Σ∆ùÈό° £∞©∆ ©∆ ¢ù£ã≬ ≫∯¾ÈΣ≢≫© ≢ùÖ ù∕∕ù¢ ©∆ù© °©È≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫Ð ÇÖ∕∞Σù¢¢ÖÓ
©∆ ≫ù≢° °∯≫°ù≫© ∞≫ ù≫ ùΣ©∞¾≫ Σ∆ù¢¢≫ό∞≫ό ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢∞©Ö ¾∯ ù ≬©ù© ¢ù£ ∞≬ ù
≬©ù© ¾∯∯∞ΣÈÓ èΣù»≬ ≬¾℡È∞ό≫ ∞≢≢»≫∞©Ö ∕Ⱦ©Σ©≬ ©∆ ≬©ù© ∯Ⱦ≢ è∞≫ό ≬»° °∞ÈΣ©¢ÖÐ
Ò «¥ ∕ùÈ© ¯¾»≫ό Ó ×Î ÌÐÒÐ Û×ÊÓ ÛÅÉßÅÏ ¦ÛÎÏ˚Á ’ÐfiÐ ‰¾»≫©Ö ùÈ fi≬≬ã≫ ℡Ð «»Ó ÎÉÎ
⁋Ð×° ÄÎÉÓ ÉÆ ¦Î©∆ ‰∞ÈÐ ÛÎÎ×˚Ð ◀≫ ≬»Σ∆ Σù≬≬Ó ∞∯ ù Σ¾»È© ∞≫℡ù¢∞°ù©≬ ©∆ ≬©ù© ¢ù£ ù≫°
≫∁¾∞≫≬ ∞©≬ ≫∯¾ÈΣ≢≫©Ó ©∆È ∞≬ ≫¾ Ù»≬©∞¾≫ ©∆ù© ©∆ ≬©ù© ¾∯∯∞ΣÈ ∞≬ ≫©∞©¢° ©¾ ù∕∕ù¢
©∆ù© °©È≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫Ð ÒÓ ÐόÐÓ ¯≬»È≬ù ℡Ð ‗¾Σù©¢¢¾ «°»ΣÐ fi≬≬ã≫Ó ÅÅÅ ÌÐÒÐ ÊÅÊ ¦×Î˚
¦◀°ù∆¾ ÒΣÈ©ùÈÖ ¾∯ Ò©ù© ù≫° fi©©¾È≫Ö Ź≫Èù¢ ù∕∕ù¢° °Σ∞≬∞¾≫ ≬©È∞²∞≫ό °¾£≫ ù≫
◀°ù∆¾ ¢ù£ ¾≫ ⁋∞È≬© fi≢≫°≢≫© όȾ»≫°≬˚Á Ò©≫èÈό ℡Ð ‰ùÈ∆ùÈ© Ó ÅÊ ÌÐÒÐ ÎÛÆ ¦×˚
¦‚èÈù≬²ù fi©©¾È≫Ö Ź≫Èù¢ ù∕∕ù¢° °Σ∞≬∞¾≫ ∆¾¢°∞≫ό »≫Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ù ‚èÈù≬²ù
ùè¾È©∞¾≫ ¢ù£˚Ð —¾È¾℡ÈÓ ©∆È ∞≬ ≫¾ Èù≬¾≫ ©∆ù© ù ≬©ù© ∞©≬¢∯ ≢ùÖ ≫¾© ù¢≬¾ Σ∆¾¾≬ ©¾
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 1> fh >19 )1> fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 22/133
ß××ß
∞≫©È℡≫ ù≬ ù °∯≫°ù≫©Ó ù≫° ∞≫°° ù ≬©ù© ≢»≬© è ∕È≢∞©©° ©¾ ∞≫©È℡≫ ∞∯ ù ≬©ù©
¾∯∯∞ΣÈ ∞≬ ≫¾© ù¢Èù°Ö ∕ùÈ©Ö ©¾ ù≫ ùΣ©∞¾≫ ∞≫ £∆∞Σ∆ ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢∞©Ö ¾∯ ù ≬©ù© ¢ù£ ∞≬
Σ∆ù¢¢≫ό°Ð Ò ×Ï ÌÐÒЉРs ×Æʦè˚Á ⁋°Ð őÐ ‰∞℡Ð ‗Ð ÅÐÛÁ Σ∯Ð ⁋°Ð őÐ fi∕∕Ð ‗Ð ÆƦè˚Ð
…∆≫ ù ≬©ù© °¾≬ ¢Σ© ©¾ èΣ¾≢ ù °∯≫°ù≫© ∞©≬¢∯Ó ©∆ ≬©ù© ≢ùÖ ù∕∕ù¢ ù≫ ù°℡È≬
°Σ∞≬∞¾≫ ùè¾»© ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢∞©Ö ¾∯ ¾≫ ¾∯ ∞©≬ ¢ù£≬Ó ∁»≬© ù≬ ù ≬©ù© ¾∯∯∞ΣÈ ≢ùÖÐ ÒÓ
ÐόÐÓ ‰ùÈ»≬¾ ℡Ð ¯ù≢∆∞¢¢ ‰¾»≫©Ö ¥ ȢР‰¾»≫©Ö ‰¾≢≢ãÈ Ó Æ×× ⁋ÐÊ° ÏÆÏÓ ÏÅ×ßÅÊ ˓ ≫Ð×
¦Î©∆ ‰∞ÈÐ ×Å˚ ¦≬¾¢ ù∕∕¢¢ù≫© £ù≬ ©∆ Ò©ù© ¾∯ ‛Èό¾≫Ó £∆∞Σ∆ ∆ù° ∞≫©È℡≫° ù≬ ù
°∯≫°ù≫© ∞≫ ©∆ °∞≬©È∞Σ© Σ¾»È©˚Ð ◀≫ ¾©∆È £¾È°≬Ó ∞≫ ù ≬»∞© ∯¾È ù≫ ∞≫∁»≫Σ©∞¾≫ ùόù∞≫≬©
≫∯¾ÈΣ≢≫© ¾∯ ù≫ ù¢¢ό°¢Ö »≫Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ≬©ù© ¢ù£Ó ∞© ≢ù²≬ ≫¾ ∕ÈùΣ©∞Σù¢
°∞∯∯È≫Σ £∆©∆È ©∆ ∯¾È≢ù¢ ∕ùÈ©Ö è∯¾È ©∆ Σ¾»È© ∞≬ ©∆ ≬©ù© ∞©≬¢∯ ¾È ù ≬©ù© ¾∯∯∞ΣÈ
∞≫ ∆∞≬ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ Σù∕ùΣ∞©ÖÐ ‰∯Ð ‗≫≫∆»È≬© Ò©ù© ÒΣ∆Ð ˓ ö¾≬∕Ð ℡Ð öù¢°È≢ù≫Ó ÆÄÅ ÌÐÒÐ ÏÎÓ
ÛÛÆ ≫Ð×Å ¦ÛÎÏÆ˚ ¦°∞≬Σ»≬≬∞≫ό ©∆ í∯∞Σ©∞¾≫â ¾∯ «¥ ∕ùÈ© ¯¾»≫ό ̊ Á ≬ ù¢≬¾ ◀°ù∆¾ ℡Ð ‰¾»È
°ãfi¢≫ ÇÈ∞è ¾∯ ◀°ù∆¾Ó Å×Û ÌÐÒÐ ×ÄÛÓ ×ÄÎßÉ ¦ÛÎÎÉ˚ ¦≬ù≢˚Ð
…∆©∆È ©∆ °∯≫°ù≫© ∞≬ ©∆ ≬©ù© ¾È ù ≬©ù© ¾∯∯∞ΣÈÓ ©∆ °Σ∞≬∞¾≫ ©¾ ù≬≬È© ©∆
≬©ù©ã≬ ¾£≫ ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢∞©Ö ¾∯ ∞©≬ ¢ù£≬ ∞≬ ≢¾≬© Σ¾≢≢¾≫¢Ö ≢ù° èÖ ©∆
≬©ù©ã≬ ¥Σ»©∞℡ èÈù≫Σ∆á©∆ ∕ùÈ© ¾∯ ≬©ù© ό¾℡È≫≢≫© ©∆ù© ∞≬ »≬»ù¢¢Ö Σ∆ùÈό° £∞©∆
≫∯¾ÈΣ∞≫ό ù≫° °∯≫°∞≫ό ≬©ù© ¢ù£Ð ÒÓ ÐόÐÓ ¯≬»È≬ùÓ ÅÅÅ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÊÅÆ ¦◀°ù∆¾ ≬©ù©
¾∯∯∞ΣÈ≬ È∕È≬≫©° èÖ ≬©ù© fi©©¾È≫Ö Ź≫Èù¢˚Á ‰ùÈ»≬¾Ó Æ×× ⁋ÐÊ° ù© ÏÅÛ ¦Ò©ù© ¾∯
‛Èό¾≫ È∕È≬≫©° èÖ ‛Èό¾≫ ″∕ùÈ©≢≫© ¾∯ ý»≬©∞Σ˚Ð Ò¾≢ ≬¾℡È∞ό≫≬ ℡≬© ©∆
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 11 fh >19 )11 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 23/133
Ò ù¢≬¾ ő∞Σ∆ùÈ°≬¾≫ ℡Ð őù≢∞ȸ Ó ÆÛÏ ÌÐÒÐ ×Æ ¦ÛÎÉÆ˚Ó ∞≫ £∆∞Σ∆ ù Σ¾»≫©Ö Σ¢È²
Î
£ù≬ ≫¾© èùÈÈ° ∯Ⱦ≢ ù∕∕ù¢∞≫ό ù ∁»°ό≢≫© ∞≫℡ù¢∞°ù©∞≫ό ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùã≬ ∯¢¾≫
°∞≬≫∯Èù≫Σ∆∞≬≢≫© ¢ù£Ó ℡≫ ©∆¾»ό∆ ©∆ ¾≫¢Ö ≬©ù© ¾∯∯∞ΣÈ £∆¾ ∆ù° è≫ ≬»°Ó ©∆≫ß
‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ÒΣÈ©ùÈÖ ¾∯ Ò©ù© «°≢»≫° ŹÐ Ⱦ£≫Ó ýÈÐÓ È∯»≬° ©¾ ∕»È≬» ©∆ ù∕∕ù¢Ð ◀°Ð
ù© ×Ä ≫ÐÛÓ ÊÄßÊÏÐ
ß×Êß
ù»©∆¾È∞©Ö ©¾ ù≬≬È© ©∆∞È ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ ¢∞©∞όù©∞¾≫ ¥Σ¢»≬∞℡¢Ö ∞≫ ΣÈ©ù∞≫ ¥Σ»©∞℡ ¾∯∯∞ΣÈ≬Ð
ÒÓ ÐόÐÓ ×Ï ÌÐÒЉРss ÅÛÄßÛÎÁ ×Ï ‰Ð⁋ÐőÐ s Ð×Ð
Ç∆ ≬©ù©≬ ≫° ≫¾© ∯¾¢¢¾£ ©∆ù© ù∕∕ȾùΣ∆Ó ∆¾£℡ÈÐ ◀© ∞≬ ©∆∞È ∕ÈȾόù©∞℡Ó ù≬
∞≫°∕≫°≫© ≬¾℡È∞ό≫≬Ó ©¾ °Σ∞° ∯¾È ©∆≢≬¢℡≬ £∆¾ ≢ùÖ ù≬≬È© ©∆∞È ∞≫©È≬©≬ ù≫°
»≫°È £∆ù© Σ∞ÈΣ»≢≬©ù≫Σ≬Ó ù≫° ©¾ è≬©¾£ ©∆ù© ù»©∆¾È∞©Ö ùΣΣ¾È°∞≫ό¢ÖÐ ◀≫ –ùÈΣ∆È ℡Ð
—ùÖÓ ÆÏÆ ÌÐÒÐ É× ¦ÛÎÏÉ˚Ó ∯¾È ¥ù≢∕¢Ó ©∆ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ∆¢° ©∆ù© ©∆ Ò©ù© ¾∯ ‚£
ýÈ≬Ö £ù≬ ∕Ⱦ∕È¢Ö È∕È≬≫©° ∞≫ ¢∞©∞όù©∞¾≫ èÖ ©∆ Ò∕ù²È ¾∯ ©∆ Ź≫Èù¢ fi≬≬≢è¢Ö
ù≫° ©∆ ‗È≬∞°≫© ¾∯ ©∆ Ò≫ù©Ó ù∕∕ùÈ∞≫ό ¾≫ è∆ù¢∯ ¾∯ ©∆ ’ό∞≬¢ù©»ÈÓ èΣù»≬ í©∆
‚£ ýÈ≬Ö ’ό∞≬¢ù©»È ∆ù° ù»©∆¾È∞©Ö »≫°È ≬©ù© ¢ù£ ©¾ È∕È≬≫© ©∆ Ò©ù©ã≬
∞≫©È≬©≬Ðâ ◀°Ð ù© Ï× ¦Σ∞©∞≫ό ◀≫ È ⁋¾È≬Ö©∆Ó ÆÅ fiÐ×° ÆÎÎÓ Å ¦‚ÐýÐ ÛÎÏ×˚˚Ð ‗È∞≫Σ∞∕¢≬Î
¾∯ ∯°Èù¢∞≬≢ ÈÙ»∞È ©∆ù© ∯°Èù¢ Σ¾»È©≬ È≬∕Σ© ≬»Σ∆ °Σ∞≬∞¾≫≬ èÖ ©∆ ≬©ù©≬ ù≬ ©¾ £∆¾
≢ùÖ ≬∕ù² ∯¾È ©∆≢À í©∆È ùÈ ¢∞≢∞©≬ ¾≫ ©∆ ⁋°Èù¢ Ź¾℡È≫≢≫©ã≬ ∕¾£È ©¾ ù∯∯Σ© ©∆
∞≫©È≫ù¢ ¾∕Èù©∞¾≫≬ ¾∯ ù Ò©ù©Ðâ ùÐ ‛∯∯∞Σ ∯¾È ‗Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ˓ fi°℡¾ΣùΣÖ ℡Ð Ò©£ùÈ© Ó ÛÊÛ
ÒÐ ‰©Ð ÛÄÊ×Ó ÛÄÆÛ ¦×ÛÛ˚Ð ◀© ∞≬ ≫¾© ∯¾È ù ∯°Èù¢ Σ¾»È© ©¾ ©¢¢ ù ≬©ù© £∆¾ ≢ùÖ ù∕∕ùÈ ¾≫
∞©≬ è∆ù¢∯ ù≫Ö ≢¾È ©∆ù≫ ∞© ∞≬ ∯¾È ‰¾≫όÈ≬≬ ©¾ °∞ÈΣ© ≬©ù© ¢ù£ß≫∯¾ÈΣ≢≫© ¾∯∯∞ΣÈ≬ ©¾
ù°≢∞≫∞≬©È ù ∯°Èù¢ Èό»¢ù©¾ÈÖ ≬Σ∆≢Ó ≬ ‗È∞≫©¸ ℡Ð Ì≫∞©° Ò©ù©≬Ó Å×Û ÌÐÒÐ ÏÎÏ
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 17 fh >19 )17 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 24/133
ß×Æß
¦ÛÎÎÉ˚Ó ©¾ Σ¾≢≢ù≫° ù ≬©ù© ©¾ ©ù² ¾£≫È≬∆∞∕ ¾∯ £ù≬© ό≫Èù©° £∞©∆∞≫ ∞©≬ è¾È°È≬Ó
≬ ‚£ ¯¾È² ℡Ð Ì≫∞©° Ò©ù©≬Ó ÅÅ ÌÐÒÐ ÛÆÆ ¦ÛÎÎ×˚Ó ¾È ©¾ °∞Σ©ù© £∆È ù ≬©ù© ≬∆ù¢¢
¢¾Σù© ∞©≬ Σù∕∞©ù¢Ó ≬ ‰¾Ö¢ ℡Ð Ò≢∞©∆Ó ××Û ÌÐÒÐ ÅÅÎ ¦ÛÎÛÛ˚Ð …∆¾ ≢ùÖ ≬∕ù² ∯¾È ©∆
≬©ù© ∞≬Ó ≫Σ≬≬ùÈ∞¢ÖÓ ù Ù»≬©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ≬©ù© ¢ù£Ð fi¢¢ ù ∯°Èù¢ Σ¾»È© ≫° °©È≢∞≫ ∞≬ ©∆ù©
©∆ ≬©ù© ∆ù≬ ≬»∯∯È° ù ∆ùÈ≢ ≬»∯∯∞Σ∞≫© ©¾ Σ¾≫∯È ≬©ù≫°∞≫ό ù≫° ©∆ù© ©∆ ∕ùÈ©Ö ≬²∞≫ό
©¾ ∞≫℡¾² ©∆ ∁»È∞≬°∞Σ©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ Σ¾»È© ∞≬ ù»©∆¾È∞¸° èÖ ©∆ ≬©ù© ©¾ È∕È≬≫© ∞©≬ ∞≫©È≬©
∞≫ È≢°Ö∞≫ό ©∆ù© ∆ùÈ≢Ð
‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ Σ¢ù∞≢ ©¾ ù≬≬È© ©∆ ∞≫©È≬© ¾∯ ©∆ ‗¾∕¢ ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ∞≫ ©∆
Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢∞©Ö ¾∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ £∆∞Σ∆ ©∆ ‗¾∕¢ ©∆≢≬¢℡≬ ≫ùΣ©°Ð …∆≫ ∯ùΣ°
£∞©∆ ù Σù≬ ùÈ∞≬∞≫ό ∞≫ ù ≬∞≢∞¢ùÈ ∕¾≬©»ÈÓ ∞≫ £∆∞Σ∆ ù≫ fiÈ∞¸¾≫ù ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢
ù≢≫°≢≫© £ù≬ °∯≫°° ¾≫¢Ö èÖ ∞©≬ ≬∕¾≫≬¾È≬Ó ©∆ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ¥∕È≬≬° íόÈù℡
°¾»è©≬â ùè¾»© ©∆ ≬∕¾≫≬¾È≬ã ≬©ù≫°∞≫ό ό∞℡≫ ©∆ù© ©∆ ‰¾»È© £ù≬ íù£ùÈ ¾∯ ≫¾ fiÈ∞¸¾≫ù
¢ù£ ù∕∕¾∞≫©∞≫ό ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ ≬∕¾≫≬¾È≬ ù≬ ùό≫©≬ ¾∯ ©∆ ∕¾∕¢ ¾∯ fiÈ∞¸¾≫ù ©¾ °∯≫°Ó ∞≫ ¢∞»
¾∯ ∕»è¢∞Σ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢≬Ó ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢∞©Ö ¾∯ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡≬ ≢ù° ¢ù£ ¾∯ ©∆ Ò©ù©Ðâ
fiÈ∞¸¾≫ù≫≬ ∯¾È ‛∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ «≫ό¢∞≬∆ ℡Ð fiÈ∞¸¾≫ù ¦ fiÈ∞¸¾≫ù≫≬˚Ó Å× ÌÐÒÐ ÆÊÓ ÄÅßÄÄ ¦ÛÎÎÉ˚Ð
fiè≬≫© ≬¾≢ Σ¾≫∯ÈÈù¢ ¾∯ ù»©∆¾È∞©Ö èÖ ≬©ù© ¢ù£Ó ù²∞≫ ©¾ ©∆ ù»©∆¾È∞©Ö ©∆ù© ©∆ ‚£
ýÈ≬Ö ¢ό∞≬¢ù©¾È≬ ∞≫ –ùÈΣ∆È ∆ù° ù≬ í¢Σ©° È∕È≬≫©ù©∞℡≬Óâ ©∆ ‰¾»È© ≬»όό≬©° ©∆ù©
∕Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ¾∯ ù èù¢¢¾© ≢ù≬»È £¾»¢° ≫¾© è ùè¢ ©¾ ù∕∕ù¢ ù °Σ∞≬∞¾≫ ≬©È∞²∞≫ό °¾£≫
©∆ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ ©∆Ö ≬∕¾≫≬¾È°Ð ◀°Ð ù© ÄÅÐ
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 1; fh >19 )1; fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 25/133
ß×Åß
öÈÓ »≫¢∞² ∞≫ fiÈ∞¸¾≫ù≫≬Ó £ °¾ ²≫¾£ ©∆ù© ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ¢ù£ Σ¾≫∯È≬ ¾≫ í∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡
≬∕¾≫≬¾È≬â ©∆ ù»©∆¾È∞©Ö í©¾ °∯≫°Ó ∞≫ ¢∞» ¾∯ ∕»è¢∞Σ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢≬Ó ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢∞©Ö ¾∯
∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡≬ ≢ù° ¢ù£ ¾∯ ©∆ Ò©ù©Ðâ Ç∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ∆ù≬ ©¾¢° »≬Ó ∞≫ ù
∕»è¢∞≬∆° ¾∕∞≫∞¾≫ Σ¾≫©ù∞≫∞≫ό ù≫ ¥∆ù»≬©∞℡ È℡∞£ ¾∯ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ ù≫°
≬©ù©»©≬Ó ©∆ù© ∞© °¾≬Ð ◀≫ ù≫≬£È∞≫ό ¾»È ΣÈ©∞∯∞° Ù»≬©∞¾≫Ó ©∆ Σ¾»È© ∆¢°
©∆ù© £∆≫ ©∆ ∕»è¢∞Σ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢≬ £∆¾ ¾È°∞≫ùÈ∞¢Ö °∯≫° ù Σ∆ù¢¢≫ό° ≬©ù©
¢ù£ ¾È ù∕∕ù¢ ù ∁»°ό≢≫© ∞≫℡ù¢∞°ù©∞≫ό ©∆ ¢ù£ °Σ¢∞≫ ©¾ °¾ ≬¾Ó »≫°È
ùÈ©∞Σ¢ ◀◀Ó ≬Σ©∞¾≫ Ï ¾∯ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ ù≫° ©∆ È¢℡ù≫©
∕Ⱦ℡∞≬∞¾≫≬ ¾∯ ©∆ «¢Σ©∞¾≫≬ ‰¾°Ó ©∆ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ ∕Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ¾∯ ù
℡¾©Èßù∕∕Ⱦ℡° ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ ≢ù≬»È ùÈ ù»©∆¾È∞¸° ©¾ ù≬≬È© ©∆ ≬©ù©ã≬
∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ ©∆ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ã≬ ℡ù¢∞°∞©ÖÓ ≫ùè¢∞≫ό ©∆ ∕Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ©¾ °∯≫° ©∆
Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢∞©Ö ¾∯ ©∆ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ ù≫° ©¾ ù∕∕ù¢ ù ∁»°ό≢≫© ∞≫℡ù¢∞°ù©∞≫ό
©∆ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡Ð
‗ÈÈÖ ◀◀ Ó ÛÊÆ ‰ù¢Ð ő∕©ÈÐ Ê° ù© ÅÊÄßÊÉÐ í≉Ç∐∆ Ⱦ¢ ∕¢ùÖ° èÖ ©∆ ∕Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ∞≫ ≬»Σ∆
¢∞©∞όù©∞¾≫Óâ ©∆ Σ¾»È© ¥∕¢ù∞≫°Ó í∞≬ Σ¾≢∕ùÈùè¢ ©¾ ©∆ Ⱦ¢ ¾È°∞≫ùÈ∞¢Ö ∕¢ùÖ° èÖ ©∆
fi©©¾È≫Ö Ź≫Èù¢ ¾È ¾©∆È ∕»è¢∞Σ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢≬ ∞≫ ℡∞ό¾È¾»≬¢Ö °∯≫°∞≫ό ù °»¢Ö ≫ùΣ©° ≬©ù©
¢ù£ ù≫° Èù∞≬∞≫ό ù¢¢ ùÈό»ùè¢ ¢όù¢ ©∆¾È∞≬ »∕¾≫ £∆∞Σ∆ ù Σ∆ù¢¢≫ό° ∕Ⱦ℡∞≬∞¾≫ ≢ùÖ è
≬»≬©ù∞≫°Ðâ ◀°Ð ù© Å×ÅÐ Ç∆ Ò©ù©ã≬ ∆∞ό∆≬© Σ¾»È© ©∆»≬ ∆¢° ©∆ù© ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ¢ù£ ∕Ⱦ℡∞°≬
∕ÈΣ∞≬¢Ö £∆ù© ©∆ fiÈ∞¸¾≫ù≫≬ ‰¾»È© ∯¾»≫° ¢ùΣ²∞≫ό ∞≫ fiÈ∞¸¾≫ù ¢ù£À ∞© Σ¾≫∯È≬ ¾≫ ©∆
¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ ∕Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ¾∯ ù≫ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ ©∆ ù»©∆¾È∞©Ö ©¾ ù≬≬È© ©∆ Ò©ù©ã≬ ∞≫©È≬©≬ ∞≫
°∯≫°∞≫ό ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢∞©Ö ¾∯ ©∆ù© ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡Ó £∆È ©∆ ≬©ù© ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢≬ £∆¾ £¾»¢°
¾È°∞≫ùÈ∞¢Ö ù≬≬»≢ ©∆ù© È≬∕¾≫≬∞è∞¢∞©Ö Σ∆¾¾≬ ≫¾© ©¾ °¾ ≬¾Ð
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 12 fh >19 )12 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 26/133
ß×Äß
… ùÈ è¾»≫° ©¾ ùΣΣ∕© ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù Σ¾»È©ã≬ °©È≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫Ð fi¢©∆¾»ό∆ ¾©∆È
≬©ù©≬ ≢ùÖ ùΣ© °∞∯∯È≫©¢ÖÓ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùã≬ Σ¾≫∯ÈÈù¢ »∕¾≫ ∕Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ¾∯ ©∆ ù»©∆¾È∞©Ö ©¾
È∕È≬≫© ©∆ ‗¾∕¢ã≬ ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ ©∆ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ ≢ù≬»È ©∆Ö ≬∕¾≫≬¾È° ∞≬ Σ¾≫≬∞≬©≫©
£∞©∆ ©∆ù© ≬©ù©ã≬ »≫∕ùÈù¢¢¢° Σ¾≢≢∞©≢≫© ©¾ ©∆ ù»©∆¾È∞©Ö ¾∯ ©∆ ¢Σ©¾Èù©À 킾 ¾©∆È
≬©ù© ∞≫ ©∆ ≫ù©∞¾≫ ΣùÈÈ∞≬ ©∆ Σ¾≫Σ∕© ¾∯ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡≬ ù≬ é£È∞©©≫ ∞≫ ≬©¾≫ã ©¾ ≬»Σ∆ ¢≫ό©∆≬
ù≬â °¾≬ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÐ ‗¾∕¢ ℡Ð –¢¢Ö Ó ××× ‗ÐÊ° ÛÏÄÓ × ¦‰ù¢Ð ×Û˚ ¦∞≫©È≫ù¢ Ù»¾©ù©∞¾≫
≢ùȲ≬ ¾≢∞©©°˚Ð ◀≫°°Ó ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù °∯∞≫≬ ©∆ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ ∕¾£È ù≬ í¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ ≢¾≬©
∕ÈΣ∞¾»≬ È∞ό∆©≬ ¾∯ ¾»È °≢¾ΣÈù©∞Σ ∕ȾΣ≬≬Óâ ù≫° Σ¾≫≬∞°È≬ í©∆ ≬¾℡È∞ό≫ ∕¾∕¢ã≬
∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ ∕¾£Èâ ©¾ è ù í∯»≫°ù≢≫©ù¢ È∞ό∆©â »≫°È ©∆ ≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ð fi≬≬¾ΣÐ ö¾≢
»∞¢°È≬ ℡Ð ‰∞©Ö ¾∯ ’∞℡È≢¾ÈÓ ÅÅÉ ‗Ð×° ÆÉÊÓ ÆÉÉ ¦‰ù¢Ð ÛÎÉÄ˚Á Ⱦ≬≫ù∆ù≫ ℡РȾ£≫Ó
ÄÅÛ ‗Ð×° ×ÉÆÓ ×ÉÉ ¦‰ù¢Ð ÛÎÏ×˚Á ‰¾≬©ù ℡Ð Ò»∕ÈÐ ‰©ÐÓ Û×Ï ‗ÐÊ° ÄÉÅÓ ÄÏÄ ¦‰ù¢Ð ×Ä˚Ð fi≬
©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ¥∕¢ù∞≫° ∞≫ ù≫≬£È∞≫ό ¾»È ΣÈ©∞∯∞° Ù»≬©∞¾≫Ó í≉©∐∆
∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ ∕¾£È £¾»¢° è ≬∞ό≫∞∯∞Σù≫©¢Ö ∞≢∕ù∞È° ∞∯ ©∆È £È ≫¾ ¾≫ ©¾ ù≬≬È© ©∆
≬©ù©ã≬ ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ ©∆ ℡ù¢∞°∞©Ö ¾∯ ©∆ ≢ù≬»È £∆≫ ¢Σ©° ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢≬ °Σ¢∞≫ ©¾ °∯≫°
∞© ∞≫ Σ¾»È© ¾È ©¾ ù∕∕ù¢ ù ∁»°ό≢≫© ∞≫℡ù¢∞°ù©∞≫ό ©∆ ≢ù≬»ÈÐâ ‗ÈÈÖ ◀◀ Ó ÛÊÆ ‰ù¢Ð ő∕©ÈÐ
Ê° ù© Å×ÊÐ Ç∆ ù»©∆¾È∞©Ö ¾∯ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ ∕Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ©¾ íù≬≬È©≉∐ ©∆ ≬©ù©ã≬ ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ ©∆
℡ù¢∞°∞©Ö ¾∯ ù≫ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ ≢ù≬»Èâ ©∆»≬ í≬È℡≬ ©¾ ≬ù∯ό»ùÈ° ©∆ »≫∞Ù» ¢≢≫©≬ ù≫°
∞≫©όÈ∞©Ö ¾∯ ©∆ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ ∕ȾΣ≬≬Ðâ ◀°Ð ù© ÅÊÊÐ
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 18 fh >19 )18 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 27/133
ß×Éß
◀© ≢ù©©È≬ ≫¾© £∆©∆È ∯°Èù¢ Σ¾»È©≬ ©∆∞≫² ∞© £∞≬ ¾È °≬∞Èùè¢ ∯¾È ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ©¾
ù∯∯¾È° ∕Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ©∆∞≬ ù»©∆¾È∞©Ö ©¾ ≬∕ù² ∯¾È ©∆ Ò©ù©Ó ∁»≬© ù≬ ∞© ≢ù²≬ ≫¾ °∞∯∯È≫Σ
£∆©∆È ∯°Èù¢ Σ¾»È©≬ ©∆∞≫² ∞© ù ό¾¾° ∞°ù ©∆ù© ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ù¢¢¾£≬ ∞©≬ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ ©¾ è
ù≢≫°° èÖ ù ≢ù∁¾È∞©Ö ℡¾© ©∆Ⱦ»ό∆ ù èù¢¢¾© ≢ù≬»È ∞≫ ©∆ ∯∞È≬© ∕¢ùΣÐ ‰∯Ð ‗ùΣÐ Ò©ù©≬
ǢР˓ ǢР‰¾Ð ℡Ð ‛Èό¾≫Ó ××Ê ÌÐÒÐ ÛÛÏ ¦ÛÎÛ×˚ ¦∆¾¢°∞≫ό ≫¾≫∁»≬©∞Σ∞ùè¢ ù Ź»ùÈù≫©Ö
‰¢ù»≬ Σ∆ù¢¢≫ό ©¾ ‛Èό¾≫ã≬ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ ≬Ö≬©≢˚Ð Ç∆ ‗¾∕¢ ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ùÈ ¢ùÈό¢Ö
∯È ©¾ ≬©È»Σ©»È ©∆∞È ≬Ö≬©≢ ¾∯ ό¾℡È≫ù≫Σ ù≬ ©∆Ö Σ∆¾¾≬Ó ù≫° £ È≬∕Σ© ©∆∞È
Σ∆¾∞ΣÐ fi¢¢ ©∆ù© ≢ù©©È≬Ó ∯¾È ∯°Èù¢ ≬©ù≫°∞≫ό ∕»È∕¾≬≬Ó ∞≬ ©∆ù© ©∆ ‗¾∕¢ ∆ù℡ ù≫
∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ ©∆ ℡ù¢∞°∞©Ö ¾∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ù≫° ©∆ù©Ó »≫°È ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ¢ù£Ó ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ùÈ
ù»©∆¾È∞¸° ©¾ È∕È≬≫© ©∆ ‗¾∕¢ã≬ ∞≫©È≬©Ð Ç∆ù© ∞≬ ©∆ Σù≬ ∆ÈÐ
◀≫ ©∆∞È ≬»∕∕¢≢≫©ù¢ èÈ∞∯ ¾≫ ©∆ ∞≬≬» ¾∯ ≬©ù≫°∞≫όÓ ‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯≬ ùÈό» ∯¾È ©∆ ∯∞È≬©
©∞≢ ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ≢»≬© ≬ù©∞≬∯Ö ©∆ ÈÙ»∞È≢≫©≬ ¾∯ ©∆∞È°ß∕ùÈ©Ö ≬©ù≫°∞≫ό ∞≫ ¾È°È ©¾
ù≬≬È© ©∆ ∞≫©È≬©≬ ¾∯ ©∆ Ò©ù© ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ∞≫ ©∆∞≬ ¢∞©∞όù©∞¾≫Ð ’∞©∞όù≫©≬ £∆¾ £∞≬∆ í©¾
èÈ∞≫ό ùΣ©∞¾≫≬ ¾≫ è∆ù¢∯ ¾∯ ©∆∞È° ∕ùÈ©∞≬â ≢»≬© ≬ù©∞≬∯Ö ©∆È ÈÙ»∞È≢≫©≬Ð ‗¾£È≬ ℡Ð
‛∆∞¾Ó ÆÎÎ ÌÐÒÐ ÆÓ ÆÛßÛÛ ¦ÛÎÎÛ˚Ð ⁋∞È≬©Ó ©∆Ö í≢»≬© ∆ù℡ ≬»∯∯È° ù≫ é∞≫∁»ÈÖ ∞≫ ∯ùΣ©Óã
©∆»≬ ό∞℡∞≫ό ≉©∆≢∐ ù é≬»∯∯∞Σ∞≫©¢Ö Σ¾≫ΣÈ© ∞≫©È≬©ã ∞≫ ©∆ ¾»©Σ¾≢ ¾∯ ©∆ ∞≬≬» ∞≫
°∞≬∕»©Ðâ ◀°Ð ù© ÆÛÛÐ ÒΣ¾≫°Ó ©∆Ö í≢»≬© ∆ù℡ ù Σ¢¾≬ È¢ù©∞¾≫ ©¾ ©∆ ©∆∞È° ∕ùÈ©ÖÐâ ◀°Ð
Ç∆∞È°Ó í©∆È ≢»≬© ¥∞≬© ≬¾≢ ∆∞≫°Èù≫Σ ©¾ ©∆ ©∆∞È° ∕ùÈ©Öã≬ ùè∞¢∞©Ö ©¾ ∕Ⱦ©Σ© ∆∞≬ ¾È ∆È
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 1= fh >19 )1= fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 28/133
ß×Ïß
¾£≫ ∞≫©È≬©≬Ðâ ◀°Ð ‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯≬ Σ¾≫©≫° ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ Σù≫≫¾© ≬ù©∞≬∯Ö ©∆≬ ÈÙ»∞È≢≫©≬
£∞©∆ È≬∕Σ© ©¾ ©∆ Ò©ù© ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ù≬ ù ©∆∞È° ∕ùÈ©ÖÐ
Ç∆ ÈÙ»∞È≢≫©≬ ¾∯ ©∆∞È°ß∕ùÈ©Ö ≬©ù≫°∞≫όÓ ∆¾£℡ÈÓ ùÈ è≬∞° ©∆ ∕¾∞≫©À ©∆
Ò©ù© ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ∞≬ ≫¾ ≢¾È ù í©∆∞È° ∕ùÈ©Öâ È¢ù©∞℡ ©¾ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ©∆ù≫ ∞© ∞≬ ©¾ ©∆
¥Σ»©∞℡ ¾∯∯∞ΣÈ≬ ¾∯ ©∆ Ò©ù© £∆¾ ¾È°∞≫ùÈ∞¢Ö ù≬≬È© ©∆ Ò©ù©ã≬ ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ ¢∞©∞όù©∞¾≫Ð
fi≬ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ∆ù≬ ¥∕¢ù∞≫°Ó í©∆ Ⱦ¢ ∕¢ùÖ° èÖ ©∆ ∕Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬â
∞≫ ¢∞©∞όù©∞¾≫ íÈόùÈ°∞≫ό ©∆ ℡ù¢∞°∞©Ö ¾È ∕Ⱦ∕È ∞≫©È∕È©ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ù ℡¾©Èßù∕∕Ⱦ℡°
∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ ≢ù≬»È Ð Ð Ð ∞≬ Σ¾≢∕ùÈùè¢ ©¾ ©∆ Ⱦ¢ ¾È°∞≫ùÈ∞¢Ö ∕¢ùÖ° èÖ ©∆ fi©©¾È≫Ö
Ź≫Èù¢ ¾È ¾©∆È ∕»è¢∞Σ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢≬ ∞≫ ℡∞ό¾È¾»≬¢Ö °∯≫°∞≫ό ù °»¢Ö ≫ùΣ©° ≬©ù© ¢ù£Ðâ
‗ÈÈÖ ◀◀ Ó ÛÊÆ ‰ù¢Ð ő∕©ÈÐ Ê° ù© Å×ÅÐ …∆≫ ©∆ fi©©¾È≫Ö Ź≫Èù¢ ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ù∕∕ùÈ≬
∞≫ ∯°Èù¢ Σ¾»È© ©¾ °∯≫° ©∆ ℡ù¢∞°∞©Ö ¾∯ ù ≬©ù© ≬©ù©»©Ó ≬∆ ¾è℡∞¾»≬¢Ö ≫° ≫¾© ≬ù©∞≬∯Ö
©∆ ÈÙ»∞È≢≫©≬ ¾∯ ©∆∞È°ß∕ùÈ©Ö ≬©ù≫°∞≫όÁ ≬∆ ≬©ù≫°≬ ∞≫ ©∆ ≬∆¾≬ ¾∯ ©∆ Ò©ù© ©¾ ù≬≬È©
∞©≬ ∞≫©È≬©≬ ∞≫ ¢∞©∞όù©∞¾≫Ð ⁋¾È ©∆ ∕»È∕¾≬≬ ¾∯ ©∆ ¢∞©∞όù©∞¾≫Ó ≬∆ ≬∕ù²≬ ©¾ ©∆ Σ¾»È© ù≬
©∆ Ò©ù©Ó ≫¾© ù≬ ù ©∆∞È° ∕ùÈ©ÖÐ Ç∆ ≬ù≢ ∞≬ ©È» ¾∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ∆ÈÓ ∁»≬© ù≬ ∞© £ù≬ ©È»
¾∯ ©∆ ∕È≬∞°∞≫ό ¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞℡ ¾∯∯∞ΣÈ≬ ∞≫ –ùÈΣ∆È Ó ÆÏÆ ÌÐÒÐ ù© Ï×Ð Ç∆ ÈÙ»∞È≢≫©≬ ¾∯
©∆∞È°ß∕ùÈ©Ö ≬©ù≫°∞≫ό ùÈ ©∆È∯¾È ≫¾© È¢℡ù≫©Ð
‚¾È ∞≬ ∞© È¢℡ù≫© £∆©∆È ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ∆ù℡ ≬»∯∯È° ù ∕È≬¾≫ù¢ ∞≫∁»ÈÖÓ ∞≫ ©∆∞È
Σù∕ùΣ∞©∞≬ ù≬ ∕È∞℡ù© ∞≫°∞℡∞°»ù¢≬Ð fi¢©∆¾»ό∆ £ ù≬²° ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È©
£∆©∆È í©∆ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ ∕Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ¾∯ ù≫ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ ≢ù≬»È ∕¾≬≬≬≬ ∞©∆È ù
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 19 fh >19 )19 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 29/133
ß×Îß
∕ùÈ©∞Σ»¢ùÈ∞¸° ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ ©∆ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ã≬ ℡ù¢∞°∞©Ö ¾È ©∆ ù»©∆¾È∞©Ö ©¾ ù≬≬È© ©∆ Ò©ù©ã≬
∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ ©∆ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ã≬ ℡ù¢∞°∞©ÖÓâ ‗ÈÈÖ Ó Ä×Ï ⁋ÐÊ° ù© ÛÛÎÊ ¦≢∕∆ù≬∞≬ ù°°°˚Ó ©∆
‰¾»È© Σ∆¾≬ ©¾ ù°°È≬≬ ¾≫¢Ö ©∆ ¢ù©©È ©Ö∕ ¾∯ ∞≫©È≬©Ð ‗ÈÈÖ ◀◀ Ó ÛÊÆ ‰ù¢Ð ő∕©ÈÐ Ê° ù©
ÅÛÅ ¦íΣù»≬ ≉¾»È∐ Σ¾≫Σ¢»≬∞¾≫ ≉©∆ù© ∕Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ùÈ ù»©∆¾È∞¸° ©¾ ù≬≬È© ©∆ Ò©ù©ã≬
∞≫©È≬©∐ ∞≬ ≬»∯∯∞Σ∞≫© ©¾ ≬»∕∕¾È© ù≫ ù∯∯∞È≢ù©∞℡ È≬∕¾≫≬ ©¾ ©∆ Ù»≬©∞¾≫ ∕¾≬° èÖ ©∆
‚∞≫©∆ ‰∞ÈΣ»∞©Ó £ ≫° ≫¾© °Σ∞° £∆©∆ÈÓ »≫°È ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ¢ù£Ó ©∆ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢
∕Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ù¢≬¾ ∕¾≬≬≬≬ ù ∕ùÈ©∞Σ»¢ùÈ∞¸° ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ ù ℡¾©Èßù∕∕Ⱦ℡° ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ã≬
℡ù¢∞°∞©ÖÐâ˚Ð Ç∆ ¥Σ¢»≬∞℡ èù≬∞≬ ¾∯ ¾»È ∆¾¢°∞≫ό ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ∕¾≬≬≬≬ fiÈ©∞Σ¢ ◀◀◀
≬©ù≫°∞≫ό ∞≬ ©∆∞È ù»©∆¾È∞©Ö ©¾ ù≬≬È© ©∆ ∞≫©È≬©≬ ¾∯ ©∆ Ò©ù© ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÓ Èù©∆È ©∆ù≫
ù≫Ö ù»©∆¾È∞©Ö ©∆ù© ©∆Ö ≢∞ό∆© ∆ù℡ ©¾ ù≬≬È© ∕ùÈ©∞Σ»¢ùÈ∞¸° ∞≫©È≬©≬ ¾∯ ©∆∞È ¾£≫ Ð ý»≬©
ù≬ ©∆ fi©©¾È≫Ö Ź≫Èù¢ ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ≫° ≫¾© ≬ù©∞≬∯Ö ©∆ ÈÙ»∞È≢≫©≬ ¾∯ ©∆∞È°ß∕ùÈ©Ö
≬©ù≫°∞≫ό £∆≫ ≬∆ ù∕∕ùÈ≬ ∞≫ ∯°Èù¢ Σ¾»È© ©¾ °∯≫° ©∆ ℡ù¢∞°∞©Ö ¾∯ ù ≬©ù© ≬©ù©»©Ó ≬∆
¾è℡∞¾»≬¢Ö ≫° ≫¾© ≬∆¾£ ©∆ù© ≬∆ £¾»¢° ≬»∯∯È ù≫Ö ∕È≬¾≫ù¢ ∞≫∁»ÈÖ ù≬ ù È≬»¢© ¾∯ ©∆
≬©ù©»©ã≬ ∞≫℡ù¢∞°∞©ÖÐ Ç∆ ∞≫∁»ÈÖ ¾∯ £∆∞Σ∆ ≬∆ Σ¾≢∕¢ù∞≫≬ ∞≬ ©∆ Ò©ù©ã≬Ó ≫¾© ∆È ¾£≫Ð Ç∆
≬ù≢ ∞≬ ©È» ∆ÈÐ Σù»≬ íù Ò©ù© ∆ù≬ ≬©ù≫°∞≫ό ©¾ °∯≫° ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢∞©Ö ¾∯ ∞©≬
≉¢ù£≬∐Óâ ″∞ù≢¾≫° Ó ÆÉÄ ÌÐÒÐ ù© Ä×Ó ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ≫° ≫¾© ≬∆¾£ ©∆ù© ©∆Ö £¾»¢° ≬»∯∯È
ù≫Ö ∕È≬¾≫ù¢ ∞≫∁»ÈÖ ∯Ⱦ≢ ©∆ ∞≫℡ù¢∞°ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÐ Ç∆ù© ©∆ Ò©ù© £¾»¢° ≬»∯∯È
ù≫ ∞≫∁»ÈÖÓ ∞°ÐÓ ∞≬ ≫¾»ό∆ ∯¾È ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ©¾ ∆ù℡ fiÈ©∞Σ¢ ◀◀◀ ≬©ù≫°∞≫ό £∆≫ ≬©ù© ¢ù£
ù»©∆¾È∞¸≬ ©∆≢ ©¾ ù≬≬È© ©∆ Ò©ù©ã≬ ∞≫©È≬©≬Ð
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 13 fh >19 )13 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 30/133
‰∯Ð ‰∞©Ö ¾∯ ’¾≬ fi≫ό¢≬ ℡Ð ’Ö¾≫≬Ó ÆÄÛ ÌÐÒÐ ÎÅÓ ÛÛÊ ¦ÛÎÏÊ˚ ¦í≉Ç∐∆ ≬©ù© Σ¾»È©≬
Û
≫° ≫¾© ∞≢∕¾≬ ©∆ ≬ù≢ ≬©ù≫°∞≫ό ¾È È≢°∞ù¢ ÈÙ»∞È≢≫©≬ ©∆ù© ό¾℡È≫ ∯°Èù¢ßΣ¾»È©
∕È¾Σ°∞≫ό≬Ð Ç∆ ∞≫°∞℡∞°»ù¢ Ò©ù©≬ ≢ùÖ ∕È≢∞© ©∆∞È Σ¾»È©≬ ©¾ »≬ ∞≫∁»≫Σ©∞¾≫≬ ©¾
¾℡È≬ ©∆ Σ¾≫°»Σ© ¾∯ ¢ù£ ≫∯¾ÈΣ≢≫© ù»©∆¾È∞©∞≬ ¾≫ ù Σ¾≫©∞≫»∞≫ό èù≬∞≬Ð »© ©∆∞≬ ∞≬
≫¾© ©∆ Ⱦ¢ ¾∯ ù ∯°Èù¢ Σ¾»È© Ð Ð Ð Ðâ˚Ð
ßÊß
Ǿ è Σ¢ùÈÓ £ °¾ ≫¾© ≬»όό≬© ©∆ù© ≬©ù© ¢ù£ ∆ù≬ ù≫Ö í∕¾£È °∞ÈΣ©¢Ö ©¾ ≫¢ùÈό
¾È Σ¾≫©ÈùΣ© ∯°Èù¢ ∁»È∞≬°∞Σ©∞¾≫Ðâ ″»Σ∆² ℡Ð ýùΣ¾è∞Ó ÄÆÄ ⁋Ð×° ÆÛÅÓ ÆÛÎ ¦Î©∆ ‰∞ÈÐ ÛÎÏÛ˚Ð
íÒ©ù≫°∞≫ό ©¾ ≬» ∞≫ ù≫Ö fiÈ©∞Σ¢ ◀◀◀ Σ¾»È© ∞≬Ó ¾∯ Σ¾»È≬Ó ù ∯°Èù¢ Ù»≬©∞¾≫ £∆∞Σ∆ °¾≬
≫¾© °∕≫° ¾≫ ©∆ ∕ùÈ©Öã≬ Ð Ð Ð ≬©ù≫°∞≫ό ∞≫ ≬©ù© Σ¾»È©Ðâ ‗∆∞¢¢∞∕≬ ‗©È¾¢»≢ ‰¾Ð ℡Ð Ò∆»©©≬ Ó
ÆÉ× ÌÐÒÐ ÉÎÉÓ ÏÆ ¦ÛÎÏÅ˚Ð Ò©ù© Σ¾»È©≬ ≢ùÖ ù∯∯¾È° ¢∞©∞όù≫©≬ ≬©ù≫°∞≫ό ©¾ ù∕∕ùÈ £∆È
∯°Èù¢ Σ¾»È©≬ £¾»¢° ≫¾©Ó 軩 £∆©∆È ©∆Ö °¾ ≬¾ ∆ù≬ ≫¾ èùÈ∞≫ό ¾≫ ©∆ ∕ùÈ©∞≬ãÛ
fiÈ©∞Σ¢ ◀◀◀ ≬©ù≫°∞≫ό ∞≫ ∯°Èù¢ Σ¾»È©Ð
Ò©ù© ¢ù£ °¾≬ ∆ù℡ ©∆ ∕¾£ÈÓ ∆¾£℡ÈÓ ©¾ ù≫≬£È Ù»≬©∞¾≫≬ ù≫©Σ°≫© ©¾
°©È≢∞≫∞≫ό ∯°Èù¢ ≬©ù≫°∞≫όÓ ≬»Σ∆ ù≬ ©∆ ¾≫ ∆ÈÀ £∆¾ ∞≬ ù»©∆¾È∞¸° ©¾ ù≬≬È© ©∆
‗¾∕¢ã≬ ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢∞©Ö ¾∯ ù≫ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ ≢ù≬»È½ Σù»≬ ©∆ Ò©ù©
¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ∆ù≬ fiÈ©∞Σ¢ ◀◀◀ ≬©ù≫°∞≫ό ©¾ °∯≫° ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢∞©Ö ¾∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ
ù≫° èΣù»≬ 辩∆ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ ù≫° ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ¢ù£ ù»©∆¾È∞¸ í©∆ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢
∕Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ¾∯ ≉ù≫∐ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ Ð Ð Ð ©¾ ù∕∕ùÈ ù≫° ù≬≬È© ©∆ ≬©ù©ã≬ ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ ©∆
∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ã≬ ℡ù¢∞°∞©Ö ù≫° ©¾ ù∕∕ù¢ ù ∁»°ό≢≫© ∞≫℡ù¢∞°ù©∞≫ό ©∆ ≢ù≬»È £∆≫ ©∆ ∕»è¢∞Σ
¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢≬ £∆¾ ¾È°∞≫ùÈ∞¢Ö °∯≫° ©∆ ≢ù≬»È ¾È ù∕∕ù¢ ≬»Σ∆ ù ∁»°ό≢≫© °Σ¢∞≫ ©¾ °¾
≬¾Óâ ‗ÈÈÖ ◀◀ Ó ÛÊÆ ‰ù¢Ð ő∕©ÈÐ Ê° ù© ÅÅÓ £ Σ¾≫Σ¢»° ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ùÈ ∕Ⱦ∕È
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 7< fh >19 )7< fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 31/133
ßÊÛß
ù∕∕¢¢ù≫©≬ ∆ÈÐ Ç∆Ö ∕¾≬≬≬≬ fiÈ©∞Σ¢ ◀◀◀ ≬©ù≫°∞≫ό ©¾ ∕Ⱦ≬Σ»© ©∆∞≬ ù∕∕ù¢ ∯Ⱦ≢ ©∆
°∞≬©È∞Σ© Σ¾»È©ã≬ ∁»°ό≢≫© ∞≫℡ù¢∞°ù©∞≫ό ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÐ
◀
… È℡∞£ ©∆ °∞≬©È∞Σ© Σ¾»È©ã≬ °Σ∞≬∞¾≫ ©¾ όÈù≫© ù ∕È≢ù≫≫© ∞≫∁»≫Σ©∞¾≫ ∯¾È
ùè»≬ ¾∯ °∞≬ΣÈ©∞¾≫Ó è»© £ È℡∞£ ©∆ °©È≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫≬ »≫°È¢Ö∞≫ό ©∆ù© °Σ∞≬∞¾≫ èÖ ©∆
≬©ù≫°ùÈ° ©∆ù© ù∕∕¢∞≬ ©¾ ùΣ∆ °©È≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫Ð fiΣΣ¾È°∞≫ό¢ÖÓ £ È℡∞£ ©∆ Σ¾»È©ã≬
Σ¾≫Σ¢»≬∞¾≫≬ ¾∯ ¢ù£ ° ≫¾℡¾ ù≫° ∞©≬ ∯∞≫°∞≫ό≬ ¾∯ ∯ùΣ© ∯¾È Σ¢ùÈ ÈȾÈÐ Ò Ç∞≫ό ℡Ð fiÇ˓Ç Ó
ÊÛÎ ⁋ÐÊ° ÛÛ×ÄÓ ÛÛÊÆßÊÅ ¦Î©∆ ‰∞ÈÐ ×Ê˚Á ⁋°Ð őÐ ‰∞℡Ð ‗Ð Åצù˚Ð
‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯≬ ù≫° ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ °∞≬∕»© £∆©∆È ©∆ °∞≬©È∞Σ© Σ¾»È©ã≬ ∯∞≫°∞≫ό≬ ¾∯ ∯ùΣ©
Σ¾≫ΣÈ≫ ©∆ ©Ö∕≬ ¾∯ í∯ùΣ©≬âá≬¾ßΣù¢¢° íù°∁»°∞Σù©∞℡ ∯ùΣ©≬âá©∆ù© ùÈ Σù∕ùè¢ ¾∯ è∞≫ό
í∯¾»≫°â èÖ ù Σ¾»È© ©∆Ⱦ»ό∆ ©∆ Σ¢ù≬∆ ¾∯ ∕Ⱦ¾∯≬ ∕È≬≫©° ∞≫ ù°∁»°∞Σù©∞¾≫Ó ù≬ ¾∕∕¾≬°
©¾ í¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞℡ ∯ùΣ©≬Óâ £∆∞Σ∆ ùÈ ό≫Èù¢¢Ö ≫¾© Σù∕ùè¢ ¾∯ è∞≫ό ∯¾»≫° ∞≫ ©∆ù© ∯ù≬∆∞¾≫Ð
ífi°∁»°∞Σù©∞℡ ∯ùΣ©≬ ùÈ ∯ùΣ©≬ ùè¾»© ©∆ ∕ùÈ©∞≬ ù≫° ©∆∞È ùΣ©∞℡∞©∞≬ Ð Ð Ð Ó »≬»ù¢¢Ö
ù≫≬£È∞≫ό ©∆ Ù»≬©∞¾≫≬ ¾∯ £∆¾ °∞° £∆ù©Ó £∆ÈÓ £∆≫Ó ∆¾£Ó £∆ÖÓ £∞©∆ £∆ù© ≢¾©∞℡
¾È ∞≫©≫©âá©∆ ©Ö∕≬ ¾∯ í∯ùΣ©≬ ©∆ù© ό¾ ©¾ ù ∁»ÈÖ ∞≫ ù ∁»ÈÖ Σù≬Óâ ¾È ©¾ ©∆ ∯ùΣ©∯∞≫°È ∞≫
ù è≫Σ∆ ©È∞ù¢Ð —ùÈ≬∆ù¢¢ ℡Ð Òù£ÖÈ Ó ÊÄÅ ⁋Ð×° ÛÅÓ ÛÛÛ ¦Î©∆ ‰∞ÈÐ ÛÎÄÄ˚ ¦Ù»¾©∞≫ό –≫≫©∆
‰»¢∕ ″ù℡∞≬Ó Ç∆ őÙ»∞È≢≫© ¾∯ ù ÇÈ∞ù¢ßÇÖ∕ öùÈ∞≫ό Ó É öùÈ℡Ð ’Ð ő℡Ð ÛÎÊÓ ÛÎÎ
¦ÛÎÅÄ˚˚ ¦∞≫©È≫ù¢ Ù»¾©ù©∞¾≫ ≢ùȲ≬ ¾≢∞©©°˚Ð í’ό∞≬¢ù©∞℡ ∯ùΣ©≬Óâ èÖ Σ¾≫©Èù≬©Ó í°¾ ≫¾©
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 7> fh >19 )7> fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 32/133
ßÊ×ß
»≬»ù¢¢Ö Σ¾≫ΣÈ≫ ≉¾≫¢Ö∐ ©∆ ∞≢≢°∞ù© ∕ùÈ©∞≬ 軩 ùÈ ό≫Èù¢ ∯ùΣ©≬ £∆∞Σ∆ ∆¢∕ ©∆
©È∞è»≫ù¢ °Σ∞° Ù»≬©∞¾≫≬ ¾∯ ¢ù£Ó ∕¾¢∞ΣÖÓ ù≫° °∞≬ΣÈ©∞¾≫Ðâ ◀° Ð
◀© ∞≬ °èù©ùè¢ £∆©∆È ≬¾≢ ¾∯ ©∆ °∞≬©È∞Σ© Σ¾»È©ã≬ ∯∞≫°∞≫ό≬ ¾∯ ∯ùΣ© Σ¾≫ΣÈ≫∞≫ό
≢ù©©È≬ ¾∯ ∆∞≬©¾ÈÖ ¾È ≬¾Σ∞ù¢ ≬Σ∞≫Σ ùÈ ≢¾È ù∕∕Ⱦ∕È∞ù©¢Ö Σ∆ùÈùΣ©È∞¸° ù≬ í¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞℡
∯ùΣ©≬â ¾È ù≬ íù°∁»°∞Σù©∞℡ ∯ùΣ©≬Ðâ … ≫° ≫¾© È≬¾¢℡ £∆ù© ≬©ù≫°ùÈ° ¾∯ È℡∞£ ≬∆¾»¢°
ù∕∕¢Ö ©¾ ù≫Ö ≬»Σ∆ ∯∞≫°∞≫ό≬Ó ∆¾£℡ÈÓ èΣù»≬ ©∆ ¾≫¢Ö ∯∞≫°∞≫ό≬ ©¾ £∆∞Σ∆ £ ό∞℡ ù≫Ö
°∯È≫©∞ù¢ £∞ό∆©á©∆¾≬ Σ¾≫ΣÈ≫∞≫ό ©∆ ≢≬≬ùό≬ ∞≫ ≬»∕∕¾È© ¾∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ©∆ù©
‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ Σ¾≢≢»≫∞Σù©° ©¾ ©∆ ℡¾©È≬ ©¾ ≫Σ¾»Èùό ©∆∞È ù∕∕Ⱦ℡ù¢ ¾∯ ©∆ ≢ù≬»ÈÓ
‗ÈÈÖ ◀ Ó ÉÆ ⁋Ð Ò»∕∕Ð ×° ù© ÎÎßÎÛáùÈ Σ¢ùÈ¢Ö íù°∁»°∞Σù©∞℡ ∯ùΣ©≬â Σ¾≫ΣÈ≫∞≫ό ©∆
∕ùÈ©∞≬ ù≫° íé£∆¾ °∞° £∆ù©Ó £∆ÈÓ £∆≫Ó ∆¾£Ó £∆ÖÓ £∞©∆ £∆ù© ≢¾©∞℡ ¾È ∞≫©≫©Ðãâ
—ùÈ≬∆ù¢¢ Ó ÊÄÅ ⁋Ð×° ù© ÛÛÛÐ fi≬∞° ∯Ⱦ≢ ©∆≬ ∯∞≫°∞≫ό≬Ó ©∆ ¾≫¢Ö ∯ùΣ© ∯¾»≫° èÖ ©∆
°∞≬©È∞Σ© Σ¾»È© ©∆ù© ≢ù©©È≬ ©¾ ¾»È ù≫ù¢Ö≬∞≬ ∞≬ ©∆ù© í≉°∐¾≢≬©∞Σ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬∆∞∕≬ ¢ùΣ² ©∆
≬¾Σ∞ù¢ ≢ù≫∞≫ό ù≬≬¾Σ∞ù©° £∞©∆ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόâá©∆ù© ©∆ °∞∯∯È≫Σ è©£≫ ©∆
°≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ù≫° ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é°¾≢≬©∞Σ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬∆∞∕ã ∞≬ ≢ù≫∞≫ό∯»¢Ð
‗ÈÈÖ ◀ Ó ÉÆ ⁋Ð Ò»∕∕Ð ×° ù© ÎÉÐ Ç∆∞≬ ∯ùΣ© £ù≬ Σ¾≫Σ°° èÖ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ °»È∞≫ό
°∞≬Σ¾℡ÈÖÐ ″∯≫°ù≫©ß◀≫©È℡≫¾È≬ã ő≬∕¾≫≬ ©¾ ‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯≬ã ⁋∞È≬© Ò© ¾∯ őÙ»≬©≬ ∯¾È
fi°≢∞≬≬∞¾≫Ó «¥∆∞è∞© ‚¾Ð ‗¿ ÉÉÓ ù© × ¦í‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ù°≢∞© ©∆ù© ©∆ £¾È° é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã
∆ù≬ ù »≫∞Ù» ≢ù≫∞≫όÐâ˚Á ∞°Ð ù© ÛÛ ¦‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ í≉ù∐°≢∞© ©∆ù© ©∆È ∞≬ ù ≬∞ό≫∞∯∞Σù≫©
≬Ö≢è¾¢∞Σ °∞≬∕ùÈ∞©Ö è©£≫ °¾≢≬©∞Σ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬∆∞∕ ù≫° ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόâ˚Ð ‛»È ù≫ù¢Ö≬∞≬
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 71 fh >19 )71 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 33/133
ßÊÊß
©∆È∯¾È °¾≬ ≫¾© ∆∞≫ό ¾≫ £∆ù© ≬©ù≫°ùÈ° £ »≬ ©¾ È℡∞£ ©∆ °∞≬©È∞Σ© Σ¾»È©ã≬
∯∞≫°∞≫ό≬ ¾∯ ∯ùΣ©Ð ‰∯Ð ’¾Σ²∆ùÈ© ℡Ð —Σ‰ÈÓ ÆÉÄ ÌÐÒÐ ÛÄ×Ó ÛÄÏ ≫ÐÊ ¦ÛÎÏÄ˚ ¦íΣù»≬ £
°¾ ≫¾© »¢©∞≢ù©¢Ö èù≬ ¾»È °Σ∞≬∞¾≫ ©¾°ùÖ ¾≫ ©∆ ≉℡ù¢∞°∞©Ö ¾È∐ ∞≫℡ù¢∞°∞©Ö ¾∯ ©∆ ¢¾£È
Σ¾»È©≬ã é∯ùΣ©»ù¢ã ∯∞≫°∞≫ό≬Ó £ ≫° ≫¾© °Σ∞° ©∆ é≬©ù≫°ùÈ° ¾∯ È℡∞£ã
∞≬≬»âá£∆©∆È í©∆ éΣ¢ùÈ¢Ö ÈȾ≫¾»≬ã ≬©ù≫°ùÈ° ¾∯ ő»¢ Åצù˚ ù∕∕¢∞≬ ©¾ ©∆ ²∞≫°
¾∯ é¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞℡ã ∯ùΣ©≬ ù© ∞≬≬» ∆ÈÐâ˚Ð
… ≫¾£ ©»È≫ ©¾ ©∆ ≢È∞©≬ ¾∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ïã≬ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢∞©ÖÐ
fi
Ç∆ °∞≬©È∞Σ© Σ¾»È© ∆¢° ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï »≫Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ∯¾È ©£¾ Èù≬¾≫≬À ∯∞È≬©Ó ∞©
°∕È∞℡≬ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ¾∯ ©∆ ∯»≫°ù≢≫©ù¢ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖÓ £∆∞Σ∆ ∞≬ ό»ùÈù≫©° èÖ
©∆ ″» ‗ȾΣ≬≬ ‰¢ù»≬Ó ≬ ‗ÈÈÖ ◀ Ó ÉÆ ⁋Ð Ò»∕∕Ð ×° ù© ÎÎÛßÎÅÁ ù≫° ≬Σ¾≫°Ó ∞©
¥Σ¢»°≬ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ∯Ⱦ≢ ≬©ù©ß≬∕¾≫≬¾È° ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό £∆∞¢ ù¢¢¾£∞≫ό ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß
≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ùΣΣ≬≬ ©¾ ©∆ù© ∆¾≫¾È° ≬©ù©»≬Ó ∞≫ ℡∞¾¢ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ «Ù»ù¢ ‗Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ‰¢ù»≬Ó
≬ ∞°Ð ù© ÎÎÉßÛÊÐ ‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯≬ ¢ùè¾Èù© »∕¾≫ ©∆¾≬ ùÈό»≢≫©≬ ¾≫ ù∕∕ù¢Ð
‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯≬ ù≫° ‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯ß◀≫©È℡≫¾È Òù≫ ⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾ ù¢≬¾ ¾∯∯È ù ©∆∞È° ùÈό»≢≫©À
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ≬∞≫ό¢≬ ¾»© ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ∯¾È »≫Ù»ù¢ ©Èù©≢≫© èÖ ©ù²∞≫ό ù£ùÖ ∯Ⱦ≢
©∆≢ ù¢¾≫ ©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖÓ ù≫° ©∆∞≬ ùΣ©∞¾≫ ù≢¾»≫©≬ ©¾ ù °∞≬©∞≫Σ© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢
℡∞¾¢ù©∞¾≫ èΣù»≬ ©∆ «Ù»ù¢ ‗Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ‰¢ù»≬ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©≬ ≢∞≫¾È∞©Ö όȾ»∕≬ ∯Ⱦ≢ è∞≫ό
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 77 fh >19 )77 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 34/133
ßÊÆß
©ùÈό©° ∯¾È ©∆ °∕È∞℡ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ù≫ ¥∞≬©∞≫ό È∞ό∆© £∞©∆¾»© ù ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© Èù≬¾≫Ð ő¾≢È Ó
ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÄÊÆßÊÅÐ Σù»≬ ©∆∞≬ ©∆∞È° ùÈό»≢≫© ù∕∕¢∞≬ ©¾ ©∆ ≬∕Σ∞∯∞Σ ∆∞≬©¾ÈÖ ¾∯
≬ù≢ß≬¥ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ∞≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÓ ∞© ∞≬ ©∆ ≫ùÈȾ£≬© όȾ»≫° ∯¾È ù°∁»°∞Σù©∞≫ό ©∆
Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ Ù»≬©∞¾≫≬ è∯¾È »≬Ó £∆∞¢ ©∆ ∯∞È≬© ©£¾ ©∆¾È∞≬Ó ∞∯ Σ¾ÈÈΣ©Ó £¾»¢° ù∕∕¢Ö
¾≫ ù èȾù°È èù≬∞≬Ð Σù»≬ Σ¾»È©≬ ό≫Èù¢¢Ö °Σ∞° Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ Ù»≬©∞¾≫≬ ¾≫ ©∆
≫ùÈȾ£≬© όȾ»≫° ù℡ù∞¢ùè¢Ó £ Σ¾≫≬∞°È ©∆ ©∆∞È° ùÈό»≢≫© ∯∞È≬©Ð Ò ‗¢ù»© ℡Ð
Ò∕≫°©∆È∞∯© ⁋ùÈ≢Ó ◀≫ΣÐÓ ÅÛÆ ÌÐÒÐ ×ÛÛÓ ×ÛÉ ¦ÛÎÎÅ˚ ¦Σ∞©∞≫ό fi≬∆£ù≫°È ℡Ð Ç≫≫Ð ù¢¢Ö
fi»©∆ÐÓ ×ÎÉ ÌÐÒÐ ×ÏÏÓ ÊÆÉ ¦ÛÎÊÄ˚ ¦Èù≫°∞≬Ó ýÐÓ Σ¾≫Σ»ÈÈ∞≫ό˚˚Ð
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï £¾È²° ù ≬∞≫ό»¢ùÈ ù≫° ¢∞≢∞©° Σ∆ù≫ό ©¾ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù
‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫À ∞© ≬©È∞∕∕° ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ¾∯ ©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ∆ù℡ ©∆∞È Σ¾≢≢∞©©°
È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬ ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸° èÖ ©∆ Ò©ù© £∞©∆ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÓã £∆∞Σ∆ ©∆
≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ ∆ù° ∕È℡∞¾»≬¢Ö ό»ùÈù≫©° ©∆≢Ó £∆∞¢ ¢ù℡∞≫ό ∞≫ ∕¢ùΣ ù¢¢ ¾∯ ©∆∞È
¾©∆È È∞ό∆©≬ ù≫° È≬∕¾≫≬∞è∞¢∞©∞≬ ù≬ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬áÈ∞ό∆©≬ ù≫° È≬∕¾≫≬∞è∞¢∞©∞≬ ©∆ù© ùÈ
∞°≫©∞Σù¢ ©¾ ©∆¾≬ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞° ≬∕¾»≬≬ ù≫° ∯¾È≢ ù≫ ∞≫©όÈù¢ ∕ùÈ© ¾∯ ©∆ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό
È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕Ð ◀≫ °©È≢∞≫∞≫ό ©∆ù© ©∆ ¢ù£ ∆ù° ©∆∞≬ ∯∯Σ©Ó í≉£∐ È¢Ö ≫¾© »∕¾≫ ¾»È ¾£≫
∞≫©È∕È©ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ ù≢≫°≢≫© 軩 »∕¾≫ ©∆ ù»©∆¾È∞©ù©∞℡ Σ¾≫≬©È»Σ©∞¾≫ ¾∯
≉‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùã≬∐ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È©Ðâ ő¾≢È Ó ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ ù© Ä×ÄÐ Ç∆ ≬©ù© ∆∞ό∆ Σ¾»È© ∆¢° ∞≫
Ò©Èù»≬≬ ©∆ù© í‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï Èù≬¾≫ùè¢Ö ≢»≬© è ∞≫©È∕È©° ∞≫ ù ¢∞≢∞©° ∯ù≬∆∞¾≫ ù≬
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 7; fh >19 )7; fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 35/133
◀≫ È∁Σ©∞≫ό ©∆ ùÈό»≢≫© ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∆ù° ∞≢∕È≢∞≬≬∞è¢Ö È℡∞≬°Ó Èù©∆È ÛÛ
©∆ù≫ ù≢≫°°Ó ©∆ ≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ó Ò©Èù»≬≬ ¥∕¢ù∞≫° ©∆ù© ∞© í°Èù≬©∞Σù¢¢Ö ¾℡È≬©ù©≬
©∆ ∯∯Σ© ¾∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ¾≫ ©∆ ∯»≫°ù≢≫©ù¢ ≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È∞ό∆©≬ ¾∯ ≬ù≢ß≬¥
Σ¾»∕¢≬â ©¾ ≬»όό≬© ©∆ù© ©∆ ∕Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ íé¢∞≢∞≫ù©≉°∐ã ¾È é≬©È∞∕∕≉°∐ã ≬ù≢ß≬¥Σ¾»∕¢≬ ¾∯ ù ∯»≫°ù≢≫©ù¢ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È∞ό∆©Óâ èΣù»≬ ©∆ ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞℡ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫≬ ¾∯
©∆ ≬©ù© Ù»ù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ Σ¢ù»≬ ù≫° °» ∕ȾΣ≬≬ ù≫° ∕È∞℡ùΣÖ ∕Ⱦ℡∞≬∞¾≫≬ È≢ù∞≫°
∞≫©ùΣ©á£∞©∆ ©∆ í≬¾¢Ó ù¢è∞© ≬∞ό≫∞∯∞Σù≫©Ó ¥Σ∕©∞¾≫â ¾∯ ©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ »≬ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫
¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÓã £∆∞Σ∆ £ù≬ ¢∞≢∞≫ù©° ∯¾È ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬Ð ×É ‗ÐÊ° ù© Û×Ð
ßÊÅß
¢∞≢∞≫ù©∞≫ό ¾≫¢Ö ©∆ È∞ό∆© ¾∯ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©¾ Ù»ù¢ ùΣΣ≬≬ ©¾ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯
≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÓ ù≫° ù≬ ≫¾© ¾©∆È£∞≬ ù∯∯Σ©∞≫ό ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È∞ό∆© ¾∯ ©∆¾≬ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©¾
≬©ùè¢∞≬∆ ù≫ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢¢Ö ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸° ∯ù≢∞¢Ö È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕Óâ £∆∞Σ∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù Σù¢¢≬ ù
é°¾≢≬©∞Σ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬∆∞∕Ðã ×É ‗ÐÊ° ù© ÉÄÐ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï í¢ù℡≬ ∞≫©ùΣ© ù¢¢ ¾∯ ©∆ ¾©∆È
℡ÈÖ ≬∞ό≫∞∯∞Σù≫© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫≬ ù∯∯¾È°° ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬Óâ ∞≫Σ¢»°∞≫ό í©∆
Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≫©È ∞≫©¾ ù≫ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢¢Ö ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸° ù≫° ∕Ⱦ©Σ©° ∯ù≢∞¢Ö
È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ £∞©∆ ©∆ ∕È≬¾≫ ¾∯ ¾≫ã≬ Σ∆¾∞Σ ù≫° ©¾ Èù∞≬ Σ∆∞¢°È≫ ∞≫ ©∆ù© ∯ù≢∞¢Ö ∞∯ ©∆
Σ¾»∕¢ ≬¾ Σ∆¾¾≬≬Ðâ ◀°Ð ù© Û×Ð Ç∆»≬Ó ©∆ ¥©≫© ¾∯ ©∆ ù≢≫°≢≫©ã≬ ∯∯Σ© £ù≬ ©¾
í≬©ùè¢∞≬∆≉∐ ù ≫£ ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞℡ ≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È»¢Óâ ∞°Ð ù© ÄÊÓ £∆∞Σ∆ íΣùÈ℡≬ ¾»©
ù ≫ùÈȾ£ ù≫° ¢∞≢∞©° ¥Σ∕©∞¾≫ ©¾ ©∆≬ ≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È∞ό∆©≬Óâ èÖ íÈ≬È℡∞≫ό ©∆
¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ ©È≢ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ∯¾È ©∆ »≫∞¾≫ ¾∯ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ù≬ ù
≢ù©©È ¾∯ ≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ¢ù£Óâ ∞°Ð ù© ÄÛÐÛÛ
¾©∆ è∯¾È ù≫° ù∯©È ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬ Σ¾»¢° ≫©È ∞≫©¾ ù≫
¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢Ó ≬©ù©ßÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸° È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ ©∆ù© ù∯∯¾È°≬ ©∆≢ í©∆ ≬ù≢ È∞ό∆©≬Ó ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫≬Ó
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 72 fh >19 )72 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 36/133
ßÊÄß
ù≫° è≫∯∞©≬â ù≬ ù≫ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ »≫∞¾≫ ù≫° ≬»è∁Σ©≬ ©∆≢ í©¾ ©∆ ≬ù≢ È≬∕¾≫≬∞è∞¢∞©∞≬Ó
¾è¢∞όù©∞¾≫≬Ó ù≫° °»©∞≬ »≫°È ¢ù£Ó £∆©∆È ©∆Ö °È∞℡ ∯Ⱦ≢ ≬©ù©»©≬Ó ù°≢∞≫∞≬©Èù©∞℡
Èό»¢ù©∞¾≫≬Ó Σ¾»È© È»¢≬Ó ό¾℡È≫≢≫© ∕¾¢∞Σ∞≬Ó Σ¾≢≢¾≫ ¢ù£Ó ¾È ù≫Ö ¾©∆È ∕Ⱦ℡∞≬∞¾≫≬
¾È ≬¾»ÈΣ≬ ¾∯ ¢ù£Ó ù≬ ùÈ όÈù≫©° ©¾ ù≫° ∞≢∕¾≬° »∕¾≫ ≬∕¾»≬≬Ðâ ‰ù¢Ð ⁋ù≢Ð ‰¾°
s ×ÎÉÐŦù˚Ð ‚¾£ ù≬ è∯¾ÈÓ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬ ≢ùÖÀ
ç őù∞≬ Σ∆∞¢°È≫ ©¾ό©∆ÈÓ ù≫° ∆ù℡ ©∆ ≬ù≢ È∞ό∆©≬ ù≫° ¾è¢∞όù©∞¾≫≬ ù≬ ©¾ ©∆∞È
Σ∆∞¢°È≫ ù≬ ≬∕¾»≬≬ ∆ù℡Ó ≬ ‰ù¢Ð ⁋ù≢Ð ‰¾° s ×ÎÉÐŦ°˚Á
ç «≫∁¾Ö ©∆ ∕È≬»≢∕©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ∕ùÈ≫©ùό ù≬ ©¾ ù Σ∆∞¢° è¾È≫ ©¾ ∞©∆È ∕ùÈ©≫ÈÓ ≬
«¢∞≬ù Ð ℡Ð Ò»∕ÈÐ ‰©ÐÓ ÛÛÉ ‗ÐÊ° ÄÄÓ ÄÉ ¦‰ù¢Ð ×Å˚Á –È∞≬©∞≫ —Ð ℡Ð ″ù℡∞° ‗ÐÓÛÊÅ ‰ù¢Ð fi∕∕Ð Æ©∆ ÉÏÊ ¦×Ä˚Á ¾È ù°¾∕©° èÖ ¾≫ ∕ùÈ©≫È ù≫° Èù∞≬° ∁¾∞≫©¢Ö èÖ
辩∆Ó ÒЯР℡Ð ÒÐÐÓ ×Û ‰ù¢Ð fi∕∕Ð Æ©∆ Û×Ê ¦×ÛÛ˚Á
ç fi°¾∕© ùΣ∆ ¾©∆Èã≬ Σ∆∞¢°È≫Ó ≬ ‰ù¢Ð ⁋ù≢Ð ‰¾° s Φό˚Á
ç Σ¾≢ ∯¾≬©È ∕ùÈ≫©≬Ó ≬ ‰ù¢Ð …¢∯Ð ˓ ◀≫≬©Ð ‰¾° s ÛÄÛʦù˚Á
ç Ò∆ùÈ Σ¾≢≢»≫∞©Ö ∕Ⱦ∕È©ÖÓ ≬ ‰ù¢Ð ⁋ù≢Ð ‰¾° s ×ÎÉÐŦ²˚Á
ç ⁋∞¢ ≬©ù© ©ù¥≬ ∁¾∞≫©¢ÖÓ ≬ ‰ù¢Ð ő℡Ð ˓ Çù¥Ð ‰¾° s ÛÏÅ×Û¦°˚Á
ç ‗ùÈ©∞Σ∞∕ù© ∞≫ ù ∕ùÈ©≫Èã≬ όȾ»∕ ∆ù¢©∆ ∞≫≬»Èù≫Σ ∕¾¢∞ΣÖ ¾≫ ©∆ ≬ù≢ ©È≢≬ ù≬ ù≬∕¾»≬Ó ≬ ‰ù¢Ð ◀≫≬Ð ‰¾° s ÛÛ×ÛÐÉÁ
ç «≫∁¾Ö ∆¾≬∕∞©ù¢ ℡∞≬∞©ù©∞¾≫ ∕È∞℡∞¢ό≬Ó ≬ ‰ù¢Ð öù¢©∆ ˓ Òù∯©Ö ‰¾° s Û×ÄÛÁ
ç —ù² ≢°∞Σù¢ °Σ∞≬∞¾≫≬ ¾≫ è∆ù¢∯ ¾∯ ù≫ ∞≫Σù∕ùΣ∞©ù©° ∕ùÈ©≫ÈÓ ≬ ‰ù¢Ð ‗ȾèÐ
‰¾° s ÆÉÛÄÁ
ç ©Èù©° ∞≫ ù ≢ù≫≫È Ù»ù¢ ©¾ ©∆ù© ¾∯ ù £∞°¾£ ¾È £∞°¾£È £∞©∆ È≬∕Σ© ©¾ ù
°Σù≬° ∕ùÈ©≫ÈÓ ≬ ‰ù¢Ð ⁋ù≢Ð ‰¾° s ×ÎÉÐŦΣ˚Á
ç ÒÈ℡ ù≬ ©∆ Σ¾≫≬È℡ù©¾È ¾∯ ù ∕ùÈ©≫Èã≬ ≬©ù©Ó ≬ ‰ù¢Ð ‗ȾèÐ ‰¾° ss ÛÏÛÛß
ÛÏÛÊÐÛÁ ù≫°
ç Ò» ∯¾È ©∆ £È¾≫ό∯»¢ °ù©∆ ¾∯ ù ∕ùÈ©≫ÈÓ ≬ ‰ù¢Ð ‰∞℡Ð ‗ȾΣÐ ‰¾°
s ÊÉÉÐÄáù≢¾≫ό ≢ù≫Ö ¾©∆È ©∆∞≫ό≬Ð
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 78 fh >19 )78 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 37/133
ßÊÉß
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï °∞° ≫¾© ù∯∯Σ© ©∆≬ È∞ό∆©≬ ¾È ù≫Ö ¾∯ ©∆ ¾©∆È íéΣ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö èù≬°
∞≫Σ∞°≫©≬ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόãâ ό»ùÈù≫©° ©¾ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ù≫° ©∆∞È ∯ù≢∞¢∞≬Ð Ò©Èù»≬≬Ó
×É ‗ÐÊ° ù© ÄÛ ¦Ù»¾©∞≫ό —ùÈÈ∞ùό ‰ù≬≬Ó ÛÏÊ ‗ÐÊ° ù© ÆÊÆ˚Ð ◀≫ ù°¾∕©∞≫ό ©∆
ù≢≫°≢≫©Ó ©∆ ‗¾∕¢ ≬∞≢∕¢Ö ©¾¾² ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ù£ùÖ ∯Ⱦ≢ ¢∞∯¢¾≫ό
≬ù≢ß≬¥ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬∆∞∕≬Ó ù≫° £∞©∆ ∞© ©∆ Ò©ù©ã≬ ù»©∆¾È∞¸ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ù© ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ ≬©ù©»≬ ù≫°
©∆ ≬¾Σ∞©ù¢ ù∕∕Ⱦ℡ù¢ ©∆ù© Σ¾≢≬ £∞©∆ ∞©Ð
Ö ≢∕∆ù≬∞¸∞≫ό ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ïã≬ ¢∞≢∞©° ∯∯Σ©Ó £ °¾ ≫¾© ≢ù≫ ©¾ ≢∞≫∞≢∞¸ ©∆
∆ùÈ≢ ©∆ù© ©∆∞≬ Σ∆ù≫ό ∞≫ ©∆ ¢ù£ Σù»≬° ©¾ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ù≫° ©∆∞È ∯ù≢∞¢∞≬РǾ ©∆
Σ¾≫©ÈùÈÖÓ £ ≢∕∆ù≬∞¸ ©∆ ¥©Èù¾È°∞≫ùÈÖ ≬∞ό≫∞∯∞Σù≫Σ ¾∯ ©∆ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯
é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÐã Ç∆ù© °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ∞≬ ∞≢∕¾È©ù≫© èΣù»≬ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ∞≬ ©∆ ≫ù≢ ©∆ù© ≬¾Σ∞©Ö
ό∞℡≬ ©¾ ©∆ È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ ©∆ù© ≢ù©©È≬ ≢¾≬© è©£≫ ©£¾ ù°»¢©≬Ð fi Ⱦ≬ èÖ ù≫Ö ¾©∆È
≫ù≢ ≢ùÖ ≬≢¢¢ ù≬ ≬£©Ó 軩 ©¾ ©∆ Σ¾»∕¢ °≬∞È∞≫ό ©¾ ≫©È ∞≫©¾ ù Σ¾≢≢∞©©° ¢∞∯¢¾≫ό
È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕Ó ù ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό èÖ ©∆ ≫ù≢ ¾∯ éÈό∞≬©È° °¾≢≬©∞Σ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬∆∞∕ã °¾≬ ≫¾©Ð
Ç∆ £¾È° é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ∞≬ ≬∞≫ό»¢ùÈ ∞≫ Σ¾≫≫¾©∞≫ό íù ∆ùÈ≢¾≫Ö ∞≫ ¢∞℡∞≫όÓâ íù è∞¢ù©Èù¢
¢¾Öù¢©ÖÓâ ù≫° íù Σ¾≢∞≫ό ©¾ό©∆È ∯¾È è©©È ¾È ∯¾È £¾È≬Ó ∆¾∕∯»¢¢Ö ≫°»È∞≫όÓ ù≫°
∞≫©∞≢ù© ©¾ ©∆ °όÈ ¾∯ è∞≫ό ≬ùΣÈ°Ðâ ŹÈ∞≬£¾¢° ℡Ð ‰¾≫≫Σ©∞Σ»© Ó ÊÏÛ ÌÐÒÐ ÆÉÎÓ ÆÏÄ
¦ÛÎÄÅ˚Ð fi≬ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ∆ù℡ ù°≢∞©©°Ó í©∆ £¾È° é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ∆ù≬ ù »≫∞Ù» ≢ù≫∞≫όÓâ
ù≫° í©∆È ∞≬ ù ≬∞ό≫∞∯∞Σù≫© ≬Ö≢è¾¢∞Σ °∞≬∕ùÈ∞©Ö è©£≫ °¾≢≬©∞Σ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬∆∞∕ ù≫°
≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÐâ ◀© ∞≬ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ∞©≬¢∯ ©∆ù© ¥∕È≬≬≬ ℡ù¢∞°ù©∞¾≫Ó èÖ ©∆
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 7= fh >19 )7= fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 38/133
ßÊÏß
≬©ù© ù≫° ©∆ Σ¾≢≢»≫∞©ÖÓ ù≫° ©∆ù© ≬È℡≬ ù≬ ù ≬Ö≢è¾¢Ó ¢∞² ù £°°∞≫ό ΣÈ≢¾≫Ö ¾È ù
£°°∞≫ό È∞≫όÓ ¾∯ ≬¾≢©∆∞≫ό ∕Ⱦ∯¾»≫°¢Ö ∞≢∕¾È©ù≫©Ð Ò ∞°Ð ù© ÎÉÛÐ
… ≫° Σ¾≫≬∞°È ¾≫¢Ö ©∆ ≢ù≫Ö £ùÖ≬ ∞≫ £∆∞Σ∆ £ ≫Σ¾»≫©È ©∆ £¾È°
é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ∞≫ ¾»È °ù∞¢Ö ¢∞℡≬ ù≫° »≫°È≬©ù≫° ∞©Ó Σ¾≫≬Σ∞¾»≬¢Ö ¾È ≫¾©Ó ©¾ Σ¾≫℡Ö ù ≬≫≬
¾∯ ≬∞ό≫∞∯∞Σù≫ΣÐ … ùÈ Èό»¢ùÈ¢Ö ό∞℡≫ ∯¾È≢≬ ©¾ Σ¾≢∕¢© ©∆ù© ù≬² »≬ £∆©∆È £ ùÈ
í≬∞≫ό¢â ¾È í≢ùÈÈ∞°Ðâ ‚£≬∕ù∕È≬ È»≫ ù≫≫¾»≫Σ≢≫©≬ ¾∯ è∞È©∆≬Ó °ù©∆≬Ó ù≫°
≢ùÈÈ∞ùό≬Ð … ùÈ ¥Σ∞©° ©¾ ≬ ≬¾≢¾≫ ù≬²Ó í…∞¢¢ Ö¾» ≢ùÈÈÖ ≢½âÓ £∆©∆È ¾≫
è≫°° ²≫ ∞≫ ù È≬©ù»Èù≫© ¾È ∞≫ ©¥© ≬∕¢ù≬∆° ùΣȾ≬≬ ù ≬©ù°∞»≢ ý»≢辩Ⱦ≫Ð ‰È©ù∞≫¢Ö
∞© £¾»¢° ≫¾© ∆ù℡ ©∆ ≬ù≢ ∯∯Σ© ©¾ ≬ í…∞¢¢ Ö¾» ≫©È ∞≫©¾ ù Èό∞≬©È° °¾≢≬©∞Σ
∕ùÈ©≫È≬∆∞∕ £∞©∆ ≢½âÐ ŹÈ¾»Σ∆¾ —ùÈ¥ã≬ ¾≫ߢ∞≫ÈÓ í—ùÈÈ∞ùό ∞≬ ù £¾≫°È∯»¢
∞≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ РРР軩 £∆¾ £ù≫©≬ ©¾ ¢∞℡ ∞≫ ù≫ ∞≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫½â £¾»¢° ¢ùΣ² ∞©≬ ∕»≫Σ∆ ∞∯ ©∆
£¾È° é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã £È È∕¢ùΣ° £∞©∆ ©∆ ù¢©È≫ù©∞℡ ∕∆Èù≬Ð Ò¾ ©¾¾ £∞©∆ Ò∆ù²≬∕ùÈã≬
ífi Ö¾»≫ό ≢ù≫ ≢ùÈÈ∞° ∞≬ ù ≢ù≫ ©∆ù©ã≬ ≢ùÈÈã°Óâ ’∞≫Σ¾¢≫ã≬ í—ùÈÈ∞ùό ∞≬ ≫∞©∆È ∆ù℡≫
≫¾È ∆¢¢Ó ∞© ∞≬ ≬∞≢∕¢Ö ∕»Èόù©¾ÈÖÓâ ù≫° Ò∞≫ù©Èùã≬ ífi ≢ù≫ °¾≬≫ã© ²≫¾£ £∆ù© ∆ù∕∕∞≫≬≬
∞≬ »≫©∞¢ ∆ã≬ ≢ùÈÈ∞°Ð Ö ©∆≫ ∞©ã≬ ©¾¾ ¢ù©Ðâ … ≬ ©È¾∕≬ ¢∞² í≢ùÈÈÖ∞≫ό ∯¾È ¢¾℡â
℡È≬»≬ í≢ùÈÈÖ∞≫ό ∯¾È ≢¾≫Öâ ∕¢ùÖ° ¾»© ùόù∞≫ ù≫° ùόù∞≫ ∞≫ ¾»È ∯∞¢≢≬ ù≫° ¢∞©Èù©»È
èΣù»≬ ¾∯ ©∆ ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸° ∞≢∕¾È©ù≫Σ ù≫° ∕È≢ù≫≫Σ ¾∯ ©∆ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕Ð
öù° —ùÈ∞¢Ö≫ —¾≫Ⱦã≬ ∯∞¢≢ è≫ Σù¢¢° ö¾£ ©¾ őό∞≬©È ù ″¾≢≬©∞Σ ‗ùÈ©≫È≬∆∞∕ £∞©∆
ù —∞¢¢∞¾≫ù∞ÈÓ ∞© £¾»¢° ≫¾© ∆ù℡ Σ¾≫℡Ö° ©∆ ≬ù≢ ≢ù≫∞≫ό ù≬ °∞° ∆È ∯ù≢¾»≬ ≢¾℡∞Ó
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 79 fh >19 )79 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 39/133
‰∯Ð —ùÈÈ∞ùό ‰ù≬≬Ó ÛÏÊ ‗ÐÊ° ù© ÆÊÆßÊÅ ¦í≉″∐Èù£∞≫ό ù °∞≬©∞≫Σ©∞¾≫ è©£≫Û×
©∆ ≫ù≢ ù≬≬∞ό≫° ©¾ ©∆ ∯ù≢∞¢Ö È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ ù℡ù∞¢ùè¢ ©¾ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ù≫° ©∆
¦Σ¾≫©∞≫»°ÐÐÐ˚
ßÊÎß
℡≫ ©∆¾»ό∆ ©∆ »≫°È¢Ö∞≫ό °Èù≢ù ∯¾È ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ∞≬ ≫¾ °∞∯∯È≫©Ð Ç∆ ≫ù≢
é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ≬∞ό≫∞∯∞≬ ©∆ »≫∞Ù» ÈΣ¾ό≫∞©∞¾≫ ©∆ù© ≬¾Σ∞©Ö ό∞℡≬ ©¾ ∆ùÈ≢¾≫∞¾»≬Ó ¢¾Öù¢Ó
≫°»È∞≫όÓ ù≫° ∞≫©∞≢ù© È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬Ð Ò –≫∞ό∆© ℡Ð Ò»∕ÈÐ ‰©ÐÓ Û×Ï ‰ù¢Ð fi∕∕Ð Æ©∆ ÛÆÓ
ÊÛ ¦×Å˚ ¦í≉—∐ùÈÈ∞ùό ∞≬ Σ¾≫≬∞°È° ù ≢¾È ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞ù¢ È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ ù≫° ∞≬ ùΣΣ¾È°°
ù όÈù©È ≬©ù©»È ©∆ù≫ ù °¾≢≬©∞Σ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬∆∞∕Ðâ˚Á Σ∯Ð ŹÈ∞≬£¾¢° Ó ÊÏÛ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÆÏÄÐ
Ç∆ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢Ó Σ∆È∞≬∆° ≬©ù©»≬ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ∞≬ °∞≬©∞≫Σ© ∯Ⱦ≢ ©∆ ∞≫Σ∞°≫©≬ ¾∯
≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÓ ≬»Σ∆ ù≬ ©∆¾≬ ¢∞≬©° ∞≫ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ⁋ù≢∞¢Ö ‰¾°Ð Ç∆ ∞≫Σ∞°≫©≬ ùÈ è¾©∆
¢≢≫©≬ ¾∯ ©∆ ∞≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ ù≫° ≢ù≫∞∯≬©ù©∞¾≫≬ ¾∯ ©∆ ÈΣ¾ό≫∞©∞¾≫ ©∆ù© ©∆ Ò©ù© ù∯∯¾È°≬
©¾ ©∆¾≬ £∆¾ ùÈ ∞≫ ≬©ùè¢ ù≫° Σ¾≢≢∞©©° ¢∞∯¢¾≫ό È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬Ð … ù¢¢¾£ ≬∕¾»≬≬ 軩
≫¾© ≬∞è¢∞≫ό≬ ¾È Ⱦ¾≢≢ù©≬ ©¾ ∯∞¢ ©ù¥≬ ∁¾∞≫©¢ÖÓ ∯¾È ¥ù≢∕¢Ó èΣù»≬ £ ùΣ²≫¾£¢°ό
©∆ ∯∞≫ù≫Σ∞ù¢ ∞≫©È°∕≫°≫Σ ¾∯ ©∆¾≬ £∆¾ ∆ù℡ ≫©È° ∞≫©¾ ù≫ í≫°»È∞≫όâ
È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕Ð Ç∆ ∞≫Σ∞°≫©≬ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÓ ≬©ù≫°∞≫ό ù¢¾≫Ó °¾ ≫¾©Ó ∆¾£℡ÈÓ Σ¾≫℡Ö ©∆
≬ù≢ ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢ ù≫° ≬¾Σ∞©ù¢ ÈΣ¾ό≫∞©∞¾≫ ù≬ °¾≬ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã
∞©≬¢∯Ð … °¾ ≫¾© Σ¢èÈù© £∆≫ ©£¾ ∕¾∕¢ ≢Èό ©∆∞È èù≫² ùΣΣ¾»≫©≬Á £ Σ¢èÈù©
£∆≫ ù Σ¾»∕¢ ≢ùÈÈ∞≬Ð Ç∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ∞≬ ©∆ ≬©ù©»≬ ©∆ù© £ ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸Ð
◀© ∞≬ ©∆ ∕È∞≫Σ∞∕ù¢ ≢ù≫≫È ∞≫ £∆∞Σ∆ ©∆ Ò©ù© ù©©ùΣ∆≬ È≬∕Σ© ù≫° °∞ό≫∞©Ö ©¾ ©∆ ∆∞ό∆≬©
∯¾È≢ ¾∯ ù Σ¾≢≢∞©©° È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ ù≫° ©¾ ©∆ ∞≫°∞℡∞°»ù¢≬ £∆¾ ∆ù℡ ≫©È° ∞≫©¾ ∞©ÐÛ×
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 73 fh >19 )73 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 40/133
¦ÐÐÐΣ¾≫©∞≫»°˚Û×
≫ù≢ ù≬≬∞ό≫° ©¾ ©∆ ∯ù≢∞¢Ö È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ ù℡ù∞¢ùè¢ ©¾ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬Ó ù≫° Ð Ð Ð
È≬È℡∞≫ό ©∆ ∆∞≬©¾È∞Σ ù≫° ∆∞ό∆¢Ö È≬∕Σ©° °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ¥Σ¢»≬∞℡¢Ö ©¾¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ £∆∞¢ ¾∯∯È∞≫ό ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ¾≫¢Ö ©∆ ≫£ ù≫° »≫∯ù≢∞¢∞ùÈ
°≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ °¾≢≬©∞Σ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬∆∞∕≉Ó∐ ∕¾≬≉≬∐ ù ≬È∞¾»≬ È∞≬² ¾∯ °≫Ö∞≫ό ©∆ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢
∯ù≢∞¢Ö È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ ¾∯ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©∆ Ù»ù¢ °∞ό≫∞©Ö ù≫° È≬∕Σ© ©∆ù© ∞≬ ù Σ¾È
¢≢≫© ¾∯ ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖÐâ˚Ð
ßÆß
… ≬© ©∆∞≬ ∯¾È©∆ èΣù»≬ £ ≢»≬© ℡ù¢»ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ïã≬ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢∞©Ö ∞≫
¢∞ό∆© ¾∯ ∞©≬ ùΣ©»ù¢ ù≫° ≬∕Σ∞∯∞Σ ∯∯Σ©≬ ¾≫ Σ¾≢≢∞©©° ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ °≬∞È∞≫ό ©¾ ≫©È
∞≫©¾ ù≫ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢¢Ö ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸° ¢∞∯¢¾≫ό È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕Ð ∯¾È ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù
ό»ùÈù≫©° όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬ 辩∆ ©∆ ∞≫Σ∞°≫©≬ ù≫° ©∆ ≬©ù©»≬ ù≫° °∞ό≫∞©Ö ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÐ
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ¢∯© ©∆ ∞≫Σ∞°≫©≬ 軩 ©¾¾² ù£ùÖ ©∆ ≬©ù©»≬ ù≫° ©∆ °∞ό≫∞©ÖÐ ◀© °∞° ≬¾ èÖ
≬»∕È≬°∞≫ό ©∆ —ùÈÈ∞ùό ‰ù≬≬ ù≫° ©∆»≬ ≫°¾È≬∞≫ό ©∆ í¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ ≬©ù©≢≫© ©∆ù© ©∆
∯ù≢∞¢Ö È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ ¾∯ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ∞≬ ≫¾© ¾∯ Σ¾≢∕ùÈùè¢ ≬©ù©»È ¾È Ù»ù¢ °∞ό≫∞©Ö
©¾ ©∆ ∯ù≢∞¢Ö È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ ¾∯ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬Ðâ —ùÈÈ∞ùό ‰ù≬≬Ó ÛÏÊ ‗ÐÊ° ù© ÆÅ×Ð
Ç∆ Ù»≬©∞¾≫ £ ©∆È∯¾È Σ¾≫≬∞°È ∞≬ ©∆∞≬À °∞° ©∆ ‗¾∕¢ ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ∆ù℡ ¢ό∞©∞≢ù©
Èù≬¾≫≬ ∯¾È ≫ùΣ©∞≫ό ù Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ù≢≫°≢≫© ©∆ù© ≬È℡≬ ¾≫¢Ö ©¾ ©ù² ù£ùÖ ∯Ⱦ≢
≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ∆ù℡ ©∆∞È ¢∞∯¢¾≫ό È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬ °∞ό≫∞∯∞° èÖ ©∆ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢
≬©ù©»≬ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÓã ù≫° ©¾ Σ¾≢∕¢ ©∆ Ò©ù© ù≫° ∞©≬ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢≬ ù≫° ù¢¢ ¾©∆È≬ ù»©∆¾È∞¸°
©¾ ∕È∯¾È≢ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ΣÈ≢¾≫∞≬ ©¾ ≬»è≬©∞©»© ©∆ ¢ùè¢ ¾∯ é°¾≢≬©∞Σ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬∆∞∕ã ∯¾È
©∆∞È È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬½
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 ;< fh >19 );< fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 41/133
ßÆÛß
‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ È≬∞≬© ©∆∞≬ ∯Èù≢∞≫ό ¾∯ ©∆ Ù»≬©∞¾≫Ð Ç∆Ö °≢ ∞© ∞ÈÈ¢℡ù≫© ©¾ ¾»È
∞≫Ù»∞ÈÖ ©∆ù© ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ó ù≬ ∞≫©È∕È©° èÖ ©∆ —ùÈÈ∞ùό ‰ù≬≬Ó ∆ù°
∕È℡∞¾»≬¢Ö ό»ùÈù≫©° ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ »≬ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÓã
èΣù»≬ ◀≫ È —ùÈÈ∞ùό ‰ù≬≬ £ù≬ ù í≬∆¾È©ß¢∞℡° °Σ∞≬∞¾≫Óâ ù≫° ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬
£È ù¢¢¾£° ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖ ¾≫¢Ö °»È∞≫ό ù íÛÆÊß°ùÖ ∆∞ù©»≬â è©£≫ ©∆ ∯∯Σ©∞℡ °ù© ¾∯
©∆ —ùÈÈ∞ùό ‰ù≬≬ °Σ∞≬∞¾≫ ù≫° ©∆ ≫ùΣ©≢≫© ¾∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÐ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ã ő∕¢Ö
ÈÐ ÉÅÓ ÉÎßÏÐ fiΣΣ¾È°∞≫ό ©¾ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬Ó ù °Σ∞≬∞¾≫ ©¾ íÈ≬©¾Èâ ©∆ í©Èù°∞©∞¾≫ù¢
°∯∞≫∞©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόâ ∞≬ ∞≫°∞≬©∞≫ό»∞≬∆ùè¢ ∯Ⱦ≢ ù °Σ∞≬∞¾≫ ©¾ íù°∆Èâ ©¾ ©∆ù©
°∯∞≫∞©∞¾≫ ∞≫ ©∆ ∯∞È≬© ∕¢ùΣÐ ◀°Ð ù© ÉÎßÏÐ … ùÈ è¾»≫°Ó ∆¾£℡ÈÓ èÖ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù
Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È©ã≬ ù»©∆¾È∞©ù©∞℡ ∞≫©È∕È©ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ïã≬ ∯∯Σ© ¾≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù
¢ù£Ó ≬ ő¾≢È Ó ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ ù© Ä×ÄÀ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï í¢∞≢∞≫ù©≉°∐ Ð Ð Ð ©∆ È∞ό∆© ¾∯ ≬ù≢ß≬¥
Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©¾ Ù»ù¢ ùΣΣ≬≬ ©¾ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόâ èÖ íΣùÈ℡≉∞≫ό∐ ¾»© ù ≫ùÈȾ£ ù≫°
¢∞≢∞©° ¥Σ∕©∞¾≫ ©¾ ©∆≬ ≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È∞ό∆©≬â ©∆ù© ∆ù° ∕È℡∞¾»≬¢Ö ό»ùÈù≫©°
©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ©¾ ù¢¢ Σ¾»∕¢≬Ó ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ ù≫° ≬ù≢ß≬¥ ù¢∞²Ð Ò©Èù»≬≬Ó
×É ‗ÐÊ° ù© ÄÛÓ ÉÄÐ
«℡≫ £È £ ≫¾© è¾»≫° èÖ ©∆ ≬©ù© Σ¾»È©ã≬ ¥∕¢ù≫ù©∞¾≫Ó £ £¾»¢° è
¾è¢∞όù©° ©¾ Σ¾≫≬∞°È ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∞≫ ¢∞ό∆© ¾∯ ∞©≬ ùΣ©»ù¢ ∯∯Σ©Ó £∆∞Σ∆ £ù≬Ó ù≬ ©∆
℡¾©È≬ £È ©¾¢°Ó ©¾ í¢∞≢∞≫ù© ©∆ È∞ό∆© ¾∯ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖ ∞≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÐâ
¾©È ◀≫∯¾È≢ù©∞¾≫ Ź»∞° ù© ÅÆÐ Ç∆ Σ¾≫©¥© ≢ù©©È≬Ð …∞©∆°Èù£∞≫ό ∯Ⱦ≢ ù °∞≬∯ù℡¾È°
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 ;> fh >19 );> fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 42/133
ßÆ×ß
όȾ»∕ ©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ¾è©ù∞≫ ù °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ £∞©∆ ≬∞ό≫∞∯∞Σù≫© ≬¾Σ∞©ù¢ Σ¾≫≬Ù»≫Σ≬ ∞≬
°∞∯∯È≫© ∯Ⱦ≢ °Σ¢∞≫∞≫ό ©¾ ¥©≫° ©∆ù© °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ∞≫ ©∆ ∯∞È≬© ∕¢ùΣÓ ÈόùÈ°¢≬≬ ¾∯
£∆©∆È ©∆ È∞ό∆© £ù≬ £∞©∆°Èù£≫ ù∯©È ù £²Ó ù ÖùÈÓ ¾È ù °Σù°Ð Ç∆ ùΣ©∞¾≫ ¾∯
Σ∆ù≫ό∞≫ό ≬¾≢©∆∞≫ό ≬»όό≬©≬ ù ≢¾È °¢∞èÈù© ∕»È∕¾≬ ©∆ù≫ °¾≬ ©∆ ∞≫ùΣ©∞¾≫ ¾∯
¢ù℡∞≫ό ∞© ù≬ ∞© ∞≬Ð fi≬ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ∆¢°Ó í‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ≉°∞°∐ ≫¾©
éÈù°∁»°∞Σù©ã ©∆ ∞≬≬» ©∆ù© £ù≬ ¢∞©∞όù©° ù≫° È≬¾¢℡° ∞≫ ©∆ —ùÈÈ∞ùό ‰ù≬≬Ðâ
Ò©Èù»≬≬Ó ×É ‗ÐÊ° ù© ÄÊÐ őù©∆È ©∆ù≫ í°Σ¢ùÈ≉∞≫ό∐ ©∆ ≬©ù© ¾∯ ©∆ ¢ù£ ù≬ ∞© ¥∞≬©° »≫°È
©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ ù© ©∆ ©∞≢ ¾∯ ©∆ —ùÈÈ∞ùό ‰ù≬≬Óâ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï
í≬©ùè¢∞≬∆≉°∐ ù ≫£ ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞℡ ≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È»¢ ©∆ù© ©¾¾² ∯∯Σ© »∕¾≫â ∞©≬
ù°¾∕©∞¾≫ èÖ ©∆ ¢Σ©¾Èù©Ð ◀°Ð ¦≢∕∆ù≬∞≬ ù°°°˚Ð …∆©∆È ¾È ≫¾© ∞© ∞≬ ù ∆∞≬©¾È∞Σù¢
ùΣΣ∞°≫©Ó ù≬ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ùÈό»Ó ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∕¾≬©°ù©° ©∆ —ùÈÈ∞ùό ‰ù≬≬ Èù©∆È
©∆ù≫ ∕È°ù©∞≫ό ù≫° ©∆»≬ ∕È≢∕©∞≫ό ©∆ù© °Σ∞≬∞¾≫Ó ©∆ È¢ù©∞℡ ©∞≢∞≫ό ¾∯ ©∆ ©£¾ ℡≫©≬
∞≬ ù ∯ùΣ©Ó ù≫° £ ≢»≬© °Σ∞° ©∆∞≬ Σù≬ ¾≫ ∞©≬ ∯ùΣ©≬Ð
‰
Û
Ç∆∞≬ ∞≬ ≫¾© ©∆ ∯∞È≬© ©∞≢ ©∆ ℡¾©È≬ ¾∯ ù ≬©ù© ∆ù℡ ≫ùΣ©° ù≫ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡
Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ù≢≫°≢≫© ©∆ù© È°»Σ≬ ©∆ È∞ό∆©≬ ¾∯ όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬ »≫°È ≬©ù© ¢ù£Ð
◀≫ ÛÎÎ×Ó ‰¾¢¾Èù°¾ ù°¾∕©° fi≢≫°≢≫© × ©¾ ∞©≬ ≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ó £∆∞Σ∆ ∕Ⱦ∆∞è∞©°
©∆ ≬©ù© ù≫° ∞©≬ ∕¾¢∞©∞Σù¢ ≬»è°∞℡∞≬∞¾≫≬ ∯Ⱦ≢ ∕Ⱦ℡∞°∞≫ό ù≫Ö ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ùόù∞≫≬©
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 ;1 fh >19 );1 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 43/133
ßÆÊß
°∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾≫ ©∆ èù≬∞≬ ¾∯ ≬¥»ù¢ ¾È∞≫©ù©∞¾≫Ð Ò ‰¾¢¾Ð ‰¾≫≬©Ð ùÈ©Ð ◀◀Ó s ÊèÐ
fi≢≫°≢≫© × £ù≬ ∕Ⱦ∕¾≬° ∞≫ È≬∕¾≫≬ ©¾ ù ≫»≢èÈ ¾∯ ¢¾Σù¢ ¾È°∞≫ù≫Σ≬ ©∆ù© ∆ù°
èù≫≫° ≬¥»ù¢ß¾È∞≫©ù©∞¾≫ °∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫ ∞≫ ≬»Σ∆ ùÈù≬ ù≬ ∆¾»≬∞≫όÓ ≢∕¢¾Ö≢≫©Ó
°»Σù©∞¾≫Ó ∕»è¢∞Σ ùΣΣ¾≢≢¾°ù©∞¾≫≬Ó ù≫° ∆ù¢©∆ ù≫° £¢∯ùÈ ≬È℡∞Σ≬Ð Ç∆ ∯∯Σ© ¾∯
fi≢≫°≢≫© × £ù≬ í©¾ È∕ù¢â ©∆¾≬ ¢¾Σù¢ ¢ù£≬ ù≫° í©¾ ∕Ⱦ∆∞è∞© ù≫Ö ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢
≫©∞©Ö ∯Ⱦ≢ ù°¾∕©∞≫ό ≬∞≢∞¢ùÈÓ ¾È ≢¾È ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞℡ ≬©ù©»©≬Ó Èό»¢ù©∞¾≫≬Ó ¾È°∞≫ù≫Σ≬Ó ¾È
∕¾¢∞Σ∞≬ ∞≫ ©∆ ∯»©»ÈÐâ «℡ù≫≬ ℡Ð ő¾≢È Ó ÏÅÆ ‗Ð×° Û×ÉÓ Û×ÏÆßÏÅ ¦‰¾¢¾Ð ÛÎÎÊ˚Ð Ç∆
¢ù£ ©∆»≬ í£∞©∆°È≉£∐ ∯Ⱦ≢ ∆¾≢¾≬¥»ù¢≬Ó è»© ≫¾ ¾©∆È≬Ó ≬∕Σ∞∯∞Σ ¢όù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ Ð Ð Ð Ó
ù≫° ∞© ∯¾Èè≉ù°∐ È∞≫≬©ù©≢≫© ¾∯ ©∆≬ ¢ù£≬ ù≫° ∕¾¢∞Σ∞≬Ðâ ő¾≢È Ó ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ ù© Ä×ÉÐ
Ç∆ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ∆¢° ©∆ù© fi≢≫°≢≫© × ℡∞¾¢ù©° ©∆ «Ù»ù¢ ‗Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫
‰¢ù»≬ èΣù»≬ í≉∞∐© ∞≬ ≫¾© £∞©∆∞≫ ¾»È Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ©Èù°∞©∞¾≫ ©¾ ≫ùΣ© ¢ù£≬ ¾∯ ©∆∞≬
≬¾È©âá¢ù£≬ ©∆ù© í≬∞≫ό¢≉∐ ¾»© ù ΣÈ©ù∞≫ Σ¢ù≬≬ ¾∯ Σ∞©∞¸≫≬ ∯¾È °∞≬∯ù℡¾È° ¢όù¢ ≬©ù©»≬Óâ
£∆∞Σ∆ íÈù∞≬ ©∆ ∞≫℡∞©ùè¢ ∞≫∯È≫Σ ©∆ù© ©∆ °∞≬ù°℡ù≫©ùό ∞≢∕¾≬° ∞≬ è¾È≫ ¾∯
ù≫∞≢¾≬∞©Ö ©¾£ùÈ° ©∆ Σ¢ù≬≬ ¾∯ ∕È≬¾≫≬ ù∯∯Σ©°Ðâ ◀°Ð ù© ÄÊÊßÊÆÐ Ç∆ ‰¾»È© Σ¾≫≬∞°È°
∕¾≬≬∞è¢ ∁»≬©∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫≬ ∯¾È fi≢≫°≢≫© × ©∆ù© ≢∞ό∆© ∆ù℡ ¾℡ÈΣ¾≢ ©∆ í∞≫∯È≫Σâ ¾∯
ù≫∞≢»≬Ó è»© ∞© ∯¾»≫° ©∆≢ ù¢¢ ¢ùΣ²∞≫όÐ ◀© ©∆È∯¾È Σ¾≫Σ¢»°° ©∆ù© ©∆ ¢ù£ íΣ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞≉°∐
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 ;7 fh >19 );7 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 44/133
ő¾≢È °∞° ≫¾© ù∕∕¢Ö ∆∞ό∆©≫° ≬ΣÈ»©∞≫Ö ©¾ fi≢≫°≢≫© ×Ó ℡≫ ©∆¾»ό∆ ©∆ÛÊ
ù≢≫°≢≫© ©ùÈό©° όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬Ð ◀≫≬©ù°Ó ő¾≢È ∯¾»≫° ©∆ù© fi≢≫°≢≫© ×
í∯ù∞¢≉°∐Ó ∞≫°° °∯∞≉°∐Ó ℡≫ ≉©∆∐ Σ¾≫℡≫©∞¾≫ù¢ ∞≫Ù»∞ÈÖâ ∯¾È ≫¾≫ß≬»≬∕Σ© Σ¢ù≬≬≬Ó
Σ¾≫ΣÈ≫∞≫ό £∆©∆È ù í¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞℡ Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ Ð Ð Ð èùÈ≬ ù Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ È¢ù©∞¾≫ ©¾ ≬¾≢
¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ≫°Ðâ ő¾≢È Ó ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÄÊÛßÊ×Ð fi≢≫°≢≫© × ù≢¾»≫©° ©¾ íù
Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ∕È≬¾≫≬ »≫°È©ù²≫ ∯¾È ∞©≬ ¾£≫ ≬ù²Ó ≬¾≢©∆∞≫ό ©∆ «Ù»ù¢ ‗Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫‰¢ù»≬ °¾≬ ≫¾© ∕È≢∞©Ðâ ◀°Ð ù© ÄÊÅÐ … ∯¾¢¢¾£ ©∆∞≬ ù∕∕ȾùΣ∆ ù≫° ÈùΣ∆ ©∆ ≬ù≢
Σ¾≫Σ¢»≬∞¾≫ ù≬ ©¾ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÐ Ò ù¢≬¾ ö∞ό∆ ÇΣ∆ ŹùÖ≬ ℡Ð ″∯≫≬ ◀≫°»≬Ð ÒΣÐ
‰¢ùÈù≫Σ ‛∯∯∞ΣÓ ÏÎÅ ⁋Ð×° ÅÄÊÓ ÅÉÆ ¦Î©∆ ‰∞ÈÐ ÛÎÎ˚ ¦°Σ¢∞≫∞≫ό ©¾ ù∕∕¢Ö ∆∞ό∆©≫°
≬ΣÈ»©∞≫Ö˚Ð
ßÆÆß
∆¾≢¾≬¥»ù¢≬ ≫¾© ©¾ ∯»È©∆È ù ∕Ⱦ∕È ¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞℡ ≫° 軩 ©¾ ≢ù² ©∆≢ »≫Ù»ù¢ ©¾
℡ÈÖ¾≫ ¢≬Ðâ ◀°Ð ù© ÄÊÅÐÛÊ
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∞≬ È≢ùȲùè¢Ö ≬∞≢∞¢ùÈ ©¾ fi≢≫°≢≫© ×Ð ’∞² fi≢≫°≢≫© ×Ó
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï í≬∞≫ό¢≉≬∐ ¾»© ù ΣÈ©ù∞≫ Σ¢ù≬≬ ¾∯ Σ∞©∞¸≫≬ ∯¾È °∞≬∯ù℡¾È° ¢όù¢ ≬©ù©»≬ Ð Ð Ð Ðâ
◀°Ð ù© ÄÊÊÐ ’∞² fi≢≫°≢≫© ×Ó ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∆ù≬ ©∆ í∕Σ»¢∞ùÈ ∕Ⱦ∕È©ÖÓâ ∞°Ð ù© ÄÊ×Ó
¾∯ í£∞©∆°Èù£≉∞≫ό∐ ∯Ⱦ≢ ∆¾≢¾≬¥»ù¢≬Ó è»© ≫¾ ¾©∆È≬Óâ ù≫ ¥∞≬©∞≫ό ¢όù¢ È∞ό∆©á∆ÈÓ
ùΣΣ≬≬ ©¾ ©∆ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόãá©∆ù© ∆ù° è≫ èȾù°¢Ö ù℡ù∞¢ùè¢Ó
≫¾©£∞©∆≬©ù≫°∞≫ό ©∆ ∯ùΣ© ©∆ù© ©∆ ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ °∞° ≫¾© Σ¾≢∕¢ ©∆ ≬©ù© ©¾ Σ¾≫∯È ∞© ∞≫
©∆ ∯∞È≬© ∕¢ùΣÐ ◀°Ð ù© Ä×ÉÐ ’∞² fi≢≫°≢≫© ×Ó ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï °≫∞≬ íÙ»ù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫
¾∯ ©∆ ¢ù£≬ ∞≫ ©∆ ≢¾≬© ¢∞©Èù¢ ≬≫≬Óâ ∞°Ð ù© ÄÊÊÓ èΣù»≬ ∞© íΣùÈ℡≬ ¾»©â ù≫ í¥Σ∕©∞¾≫â
©¾ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùã≬ Ù»ù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ Σ¢ù»≬Ó èÖ È≢¾℡∞≫ό Ù»ù¢ ùΣΣ≬≬ ©¾ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÓ £∆∞Σ∆
όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬ ∆ù° ∕È℡∞¾»≬¢Ö ≫∁¾Ö°Ó ∯Ⱦ≢ ©∆ ≬Σ¾∕ ¾∯ ©∆ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢
ό»ùÈù≫©Ð Ò©Èù»≬≬Ó ×É ‗ÐÊ° ù© ÄÛÐ ’∞² fi≢≫°≢≫© ×Ó ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï íèÖ ≬©ù©
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 ;; fh >19 );; fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 45/133
ßÆÅß
°ΣÈ Ð Ð Ð ∕»©≉≬∐ ≉∆¾≢¾≬¥»ù¢≬∐ ∞≫ ù ≬¾¢∞©ùÈÖ Σ¢ù≬≬ £∞©∆ È≬∕Σ© ©¾â ù≫ ∞≢∕¾È©ù≫© ù≬∕Σ©
¾∯ ∆»≢ù≫ È¢ù©∞¾≫≬Ó ù≫° ùΣΣ¾È°∞≫ό¢Ö í∞≢∕¾≬≬ ù ≬∕Σ∞ù¢ °∞≬ùè∞¢∞©Ö »∕¾≫ ≉∆¾≢¾≬¥»ù¢≬∐
ù¢¾≫Ðâ ő¾≢È Ó ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ ù© Ä×ÉÓ ÄÊÛÐ fi≫° ¢∞² fi≢≫°≢≫© ×Ó ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï
Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢∞¸≬ ©∆ù© °∞≬ùè∞¢∞©ÖÓ ≢ù≫∞≫ό ©∆ù© όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬ ≢ùÖ ¾℡ÈΣ¾≢ ∞©
í¾≫¢Ö èÖ ≫¢∞≬©∞≫ό ©∆ Σ∞©∞¸≫ÈÖ ¾∯ ≉©∆ ≬©ù©∐ ©¾ ù≢≫° ©∆ Ò©ù© ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫â ∯¾È ù
≬Σ¾≫° ©∞≢Ð ◀°Ð ù© ÄÊÛÐ fi≬ £ ¥∕¢ù∞≫ 袾£Ó ő¾≢È Σ¾≢∕¢≬ ©∆ù© £ ù∯∯∞È≢ ©∆
∁»°ό≢≫© ¾∯ ©∆ °∞≬©È∞Σ© Σ¾»È©Ð
Ǿ è ≬»ÈÓ ©∆È ùÈ ≬¾≢ °∞∯∯È≫Σ≬ è©£≫ fi≢≫°≢≫© × ù≫° ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫
ÏÐ fi≢≫°≢≫© × í∞≢∕¾≬≉°∐ ù èȾù° ù≫° »≫°∞∯∯È≫©∞ù©° °∞≬ùè∞¢∞©Ö ¾≫ ù ≬∞≫ό¢ ≫ù≢°
όȾ»∕â èÖ í∞°≫©∞∯≉Ö∞≫ό∐ ∕È≬¾≫≬ èÖ ù ≬∞≫ό¢ ©Èù∞© ù≫° ©∆≫ °≫≉Ö∞≫ό∐ ©∆≢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫
ùΣȾ≬≬ ©∆ è¾ùÈ°Ðâ ő¾≢È Ó ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÄÊ×ßÊÊÐ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ èÖ Σ¾≫©Èù≬©Ó ¥Σ∞≬≬ £∞©∆
≬»Èό∞Σù¢ ∕ÈΣ∞≬∞¾≫ ¾≫ ≬∕Σ∞∯∞Σ È∞ό∆©À ©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ »≬ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ©¾
°≬ΣÈ∞è ù Σ¾»∕¢ã≬ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢¢Ö ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸° È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕Ð ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ùÈό» ©∆ù©
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ©∆»≬ ≢È¢Ö íÈ≬©¾È≉≬∐ ©∆ ©Èù°∞©∞¾≫ù¢ °∯∞≫∞©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό £∆∞¢
¾©∆È£∞≬ ¢ù℡∞≫ό »≫°∞≬©»Èè° ©∆ ≢ù≫∞∯¾¢° È∞ό∆©≬ ù≫° ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫≬ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ¢ù£
∕Ⱦ℡∞°≬ όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬Óâ ≢ù²∞≫ό ∞© »≫¢∞² fi≢≫°≢≫© ×Ó £∆∞Σ∆ ¢∞≢∞≫ù©° ℡ùÈ∞¾»≬
≬»è≬©ù≫©∞℡ È∞ό∆©≬Ð ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ã ő∕¢Ö ÈÐ ÉÉÐ
Ç∆≬ °∞∯∯È≫Σ≬Ó ∆¾£℡ÈÓ °¾ ≫¾© È≫°È ő¾≢È ¢≬≬ ù∕∕¢∞Σùè¢Ð ◀© ∞≬ ≫¾ °¾»è©
©È» ©∆ù© ©∆ í≬∕Σ∞ù¢ °∞≬ùè∞¢∞©Öâ ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï í∞≢∕¾≬≬ »∕¾≫â όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 ;2 fh >19 );2 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 46/133
ßÆÄß
∆ù≬ ù ¢≬≬ ≬£∕∞≫ό ∯∯Σ© ¾≫ ©∆∞È ∕»è¢∞Σ ù≫° ∕È∞℡ù© ©Èù≫≬ùΣ©∞¾≫≬ ©∆ù≫ °∞°
fi≢≫°≢≫© ×Ð ‚℡È©∆¢≬≬Ó ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï £¾È²≬ ù ≢ù≫∞≫ό∯»¢ ∆ùÈ≢ ©¾ όùÖ≬ ù≫°
¢≬è∞ù≫≬Ó èÖ °≫Ö∞≫ό ©¾ ©∆∞È Σ¾≢≢∞©©° ¢∞∯¢¾≫ό È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬ ©∆ ≬¾Σ∞©ù¢ ≬©ù©»≬
Σ¾≫℡Ö° èÖ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÓã ù≫° ©∆∞≬ ∆ùÈ≢ ≢»≬© è ∁»≬©∞∯∞° èÖ ≬¾≢
¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ≬©ù© ∞≫©È≬©Ð ő¾≢È Ó ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÄÊÛÐ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∞≬ ≫¾ ¢≬≬ ∕Ⱦè¢≢ù©∞Σ
©∆ù≫ fi≢≫°≢≫© × ≢È¢Ö èΣù»≬ ∞©≬ ∯∯Σ© ∞≬ ≫ùÈȾ£ÈÁ ©¾ ©∆ Σ¾≫©ÈùÈÖÓ ©∆ ≬»Èό∞Σù¢
∕ÈΣ∞≬∞¾≫ £∞©∆ £∆∞Σ∆ ∞© ¥Σ∞≬≬ ù È∞ό∆© 袾≫ό∞≫ό ©¾ όùÖ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ≢ù²≬ ∞©
℡≫ ≢¾È ≬»≬∕Σ©Ð fi ¢ù£ ©∆ù© ∆ù≬ ≫¾ ∕ÈùΣ©∞Σù¢ ∯∯Σ© ¥Σ∕© ©¾ ≬©È∞∕ ¾≫ όȾ»∕ ¾∯ ©∆
È∞ό∆© ©¾ »≬ ù ≬©ù©ßù»©∆¾È∞¸° ù≫° ≬¾Σ∞ù¢¢Ö ≢ù≫∞≫ό∯»¢ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ∞≬ ù¢¢ ©∆ ≢¾È
í»≫∕ÈΣ°≫©°â ù≫° í»≫»≬»ù¢â ©∆ù≫ ù ¢ù£ ©∆ù© ∞≢∕¾≬≬ èȾù°È Σ∆ù≫ό≬Ó ù≫° Èù∞≬≬
ù≫ ℡≫ ≬©È¾≫όÈ í∞≫∯È≫Σ ©∆ù© ©∆ °∞≬ù°℡ù≫©ùό ∞≢∕¾≬° ∞≬ è¾È≫ ¾∯ ù≫∞≢¾≬∞©Ö ©¾£ùÈ°
©∆ Σ¢ù≬≬ ¾∯ ∕È≬¾≫≬ ù∯∯Σ©°Óâ ∞°Ð ù© ÄÊÊßÊÆÐ ◀≫ ≬∆¾È©Ó ő¾≢È ό¾℡È≫≬ ¾»È ù≫ù¢Ö≬∞≬
≫¾©£∞©∆≬©ù≫°∞≫ό ©∆ °∞∯∯È≫Σ≬ è©£≫ fi≢≫°≢≫© × ù≫° ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÐ
Ç∆È ∞≬ ¾≫ ∯»È©∆È ∞≢∕¾È©ù≫© ≬∞≢∞¢ùÈ∞©Ö è©£≫ ©∆∞≬ Σù≬ ù≫° ő¾≢È Ð ‚∞©∆È
Σù≬ ÈÙ»∞È≬ ©∆ù© ©∆ ℡¾©È≬ ∆ù℡ ≬©È∞∕∕° ©∆ ≬©ù©ã≬ όùÖ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫ Σ∞©∞¸≫≬ ¾∯ ù≫Ö
∯°Èù¢ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È∞ό∆©Ð ◀≫ ő¾≢È Ó fi≢≫°≢≫© × °∕È∞℡° όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬ ¾∯
≬©ù©»©¾ÈÖ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫≬ ùόù∞≫≬© °∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫Á ∆ÈÓ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï °∕È∞℡° ≬ù≢ß≬¥
∕ùÈ©≫È≬ ¾∯ ©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ »≬ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÐã Ç∆È ∞≬ ≫¾ ≫Σ≬≬∞©Ö ∞≫
∞©∆È Σù≬ ©∆ù© ©∆ ∕È∞℡∞¢όÓ è≫∯∞©Ó ¾È ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ù© ∞≬≬» è ù Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È∞ό∆©Ð
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 ;8 fh >19 );8 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 47/133
Σù»≬ £ °¾ ≫¾© ù°°È≬≬ ©∆ Ù»≬©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢∞©Ö ¾∯ ù ≬©ù©ã≬ÛÆ
èù≫ ¾≫ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÓ ©∆ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È©ã≬ ≬»≢≢ùÈÖ °∞≬≢∞≬≬ù¢ ¾∯ ù²È ℡Ð
‚¢≬¾≫Ó ÆÎ ÌÐÒÐ ÏÛ ¦ÛÎÉ×˚ ¦≢≢Ð˚Ó ∞≬ ≫¾© ∕È©∞≫≫© ∆ÈÐ
◀≫ ù²È Ó ©∆ ‰¾»È© í°∞≬≢∞≬≬° ∯¾È £ù≫© ¾∯ ù ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞ù¢ ∯°Èù¢ Ù»≬©∞¾≫â ù≫
ù∕∕ù¢ ∯Ⱦ≢ ©∆ —∞≫≫≬¾©ù Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È©ã≬ °Σ∞≬∞¾≫ ©¾ »∕∆¾¢° ù ≬©ù© ≬©ù©»© ©∆ù© °∞°
≫¾© ∕È≢∞© ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό è©£≫ ©£¾ ∕¾∕¢ ¾∯ ©∆ ≬ù≢ ≬¥Ð ◀°Ð Ò»Σ∆ °∞≬≢∞≬≬ù¢≬ í∕È℡≫©
¢¾£È Σ¾»È©≬ ∯Ⱦ≢ Σ¾≢∞≫ό ©¾ ¾∕∕¾≬∞© Σ¾≫Σ¢»≬∞¾≫≬ ¾≫ ©∆ ∕ÈΣ∞≬ ∞≬≬»≬ ∕È≬≫©° ù≫°
≫Σ≬≬ùÈ∞¢Ö °Σ∞°° èÖâ ©∆≢Ó —ù≫°¢ ℡Ð Èù°¢ÖÓ ÆÊ× ÌÐÒÐ ÛÉÊÓ ÛÉÄ ¦ÛÎÉÉ˚ ¦∕È
Σ»È∞ù≢˚Ó íé¥Σ∕© £∆≫ °¾Σ©È∞≫ù¢ °℡¢¾∕≢≫©≬ ∞≫°∞Σù© ¾©∆È£∞≬Óãâ ö∞Σ²≬ ℡Ð
—∞Èù≫°ùÓ Æ×× ÌÐÒÐ ÊÊ×Ó ÊÆÆ ¦ÛÎÉÅ˚ ¦Ù»¾©∞≫ό ‗¾È© fi»©∆¾È∞©Ö ¾≫°∆¾¢°È≬ ‗Ⱦ©Σ©∞℡
‰¾≢≢∞©© ℡Ð ‗¾È© ¾∯ ‚£ ¯¾È² fi»©∆¾È∞©ÖÓ ÊÏÉ ⁋Ð×° ×ÅÎÓ ×ÄÊ ≫ÐÊ ¦×° ‰∞ÈÐ ÛÎÄÉ˚˚Ð
í≉‚∐¾ ≢¾È ≢ùÖ è Èù° ∞≫©¾â ©∆≢Ó ∆¾£℡ÈÓ í©∆ù≫ £ù≬ ≬≬≫©∞ù¢ ©¾ ≬»≬©ù∞≫ ©∆≉∐
∁»°ό≢≫©Ð ŗ»≬©∞¾≫≬ £∆∞Σ∆ é≢È¢Ö ¢»È² ∞≫ ©∆ ÈΣ¾È°ã ùÈ ≫¾© È≬¾¢℡°Ó ù≫° ≫¾
È≬¾¢»©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆≢ ≢ùÖ è ∞≫∯ÈÈ°Ðâ ◀¢¢Ð Ò©ù© °Ð ¾∯ «¢Σ©∞¾≫≬ ℡Ð Ò¾Σ∞ù¢∞≬© …¾È²È≬
‗ùÈ©ÖÓ ÆÆ ÌÐÒÐ ÛÉÊÓ ÛÏÊ ¦ÛÎÉÎ˚ ¦Σ∞©ù©∞¾≫≬ ¾≢∞©©°˚Ð
…∆©∆È ¾È ≫¾© ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢∞©Ö ¾∯ ù≫Ö èù≫ ¾≫ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό £ù≬
í∕È≬≫©° ù≫° ≫Σ≬≬ùÈ∞¢Ö °Σ∞°°â ∞≫ ù²È Ó ù≫° £∆©∆È ¾È ≫¾© ù²È £¾»¢° ό¾℡È≫
©∆ù© Ù»≬©∞¾≫ ∞≫ ¢∞ό∆© ¾∯ ≬»è≬Ù»≫© í°¾Σ©È∞≫ù¢ °℡¢¾∕≢≫©≬Óâ £ ù°°È≬≬ ≫¾ ≬»Σ∆
Ù»≬©∞¾≫ ∆ÈÐ … ù°°È≬≬ ù £∆¾¢¢Ö °∞∯∯È≫© Ù»≬©∞¾≫À £∆©∆È ©∆ ∕¾∕¢ ¾∯ ù ≬©ù©≢ùÖ èÖ ∕¢è∞≬Σ∞© ≬©È∞∕ ù όȾ»∕ ¾∯ ù È∞ό∆© ¾È è≫∯∞©Ó Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ¾È ¾©∆È£∞≬Ó ©∆ù©
©∆Ö ∆ù° ∕È℡∞¾»≬¢Ö ≫∁¾Ö° ¾≫ ©È≢≬ ¾∯ Ù»ù¢∞©Ö £∞©∆ ù¢¢ ¾©∆È≬ ∞≫ ©∆ ≬©ù©Ð Ç∆ù©
Ù»≬©∞¾≫ £ù≬ ≫¾© ∕È≬≫© ∞≫ ù²È ù≫° ∞≬ ≬Ù»ùÈ¢Ö Σ¾≫©È¾¢¢° èÖ ő¾≢È Ó £∆∞Σ∆
∕¾≬©°ù©≬ ù²È èÖ ≢¾È ©∆ù≫ ©£¾ °Σù°≬Ð
ßÆÉß
… ©∆È∯¾È ≫° ≫¾© ù≫° °¾ ≫¾© Σ¾≫≬∞°È £∆©∆È ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ∆ù℡ ù
∯»≫°ù≢≫©ù¢ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖÓ ¾È £∆©∆È ≬©ù©≬ ©∆ù© ∯ù∞¢ ©¾ ù∯∯¾È° ©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖ ©¾
όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬ ≢»≬© °¾ ≬¾Ð ⁋»È©∆ÈÓ £ ¥∕È≬≬ ≫¾ ℡∞£ ¾≫ ©∆¾≬ Ù»≬©∞¾≫≬ÐÛÆ
‛È°∞≫ùÈ∞¢ÖÓ í∞∯ ù ¢ù£ ≫∞©∆È è»È°≫≬ ù ∯»≫°ù≢≫©ù¢ È∞ό∆© ≫¾È ©ùÈό©≬ ù ≬»≬∕Σ©
Σ¢ù≬≬Ó £ £∞¢¢ »∕∆¾¢° ©∆ ¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞℡ Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ ≬¾ ¢¾≫ό ù≬ ∞© èùÈ≬ ù Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ È¢ù©∞¾≫
©¾ ≬¾≢ ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ≫°Ðâ ő¾≢È Ó ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÄÊÛÐ Ò»Σ∆ £ù≬ ©∆ Σù≬ ∞≫ ő¾≢È Ó ù≫° ∞©
∞≬ ©∆ Σù≬ ∆È ù≬ £¢¢Ð Ç∆ ≫° ≢»≬© è ¾≫ ©∆ù© ∞≬ ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ∯¾È ©∆ ό¾℡È≫≢≫© ©¾
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 ;= fh >19 );= fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 48/133
ßÆÏß
∕»È≬»Ó ≫¾© ∁»≬© ¾≫ ©∆ù© £¾»¢° è ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ∯¾È ù ∕È∞℡ù© ùΣ©¾ÈÐ Ò ∞°Ð ù© ÄÊ×Ó ÄÊÅÐ
Ç∆ Ù»≬©∞¾≫ ∆ÈÓ ©∆≫Ó ∞≬ £∆©∆È ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ∆ù° ù≫Ö ≢¾È ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ∁»≬©∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫
∯¾È £∞©∆°Èù£∞≫ό ∯Ⱦ≢ όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬ ∞©≬ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ £∞©∆ È≬∕Σ© ©¾
©∆ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ©∆ù≫ ‰¾¢¾Èù°¾ °∞° ∯¾È £∞©∆°Èù£∞≫ό ∯Ⱦ≢ ©∆ù©
όȾ»∕ ù¢¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ùόù∞≫≬© °∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫ ό≫Èù¢¢ÖÐ
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ ¢∞² fi≢≫°≢≫© ×Ó ≫ùΣ©≬ ù íé≉°∐∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫≉∐ ¾∯ ù≫ »≫»≬»ù¢
Σ∆ùÈùΣ©ÈÓãâ £∆∞Σ∆ ÈÙ»∞È≬ íéΣùÈ∯»¢ Σ¾≫≬∞°Èù©∞¾≫ ©¾ °©È≢∞≫ £∆©∆È ≉∞©∐ ≉∞≬∐
¾è≫¾¥∞¾»≬ ©¾ ©∆ãâ ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ð ◀°Ð ù© ÄÊÊ ¦Ù»¾©∞≫ό ’¾»∞≬℡∞¢¢ Źù≬ ˓ «¢ΣÐ ‰¾Ð ℡Ð
‰¾¢≢ù≫Ó ×ÉÉ ÌÐÒÐ Ê×Ó ÊÉßÊÏ ¦ÛÎ×Ï˚˚Ð fi≬ ∞≫ ő¾≢È Ó ©∆È∯¾ÈÓ £ ≢»≬© Σ¾≫≬∞°È
£∆©∆È ù≫Ö ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ≬©ù© ∞≫©È≬© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©≬ ù Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ ∯¾È ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÁ
¾©∆È£∞≬Ó £ ≢»≬© ∞≫∯È ©∆ù© ∞© £ù≬ ≫ùΣ©° £∞©∆ ¾≫¢Ö ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö ∞¢¢ό∞©∞≢ù©
èù≬∞≬ ¾∯ íù≫∞≢»≬ ©¾£ùÈ° ©∆ Σ¢ù≬≬ ∞© ù∯∯Σ©≬Ðâ ő¾≢È Ó ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÄÊ×Ð
×
∯¾È °¾∞≫ό ≬¾Ó £ èÈ∞∯¢Ö Σ¾≫≬∞°È ¾≫ ¾©∆È ¾è∁Σ©∞¾≫ ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ Èù∞≬
©¾ ©∆∞≬ ù≫ù¢Ö≬∞≬À ©∆ ùÈό»≢≫© ©∆ù© èΣù»≬ ©∆ ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ í∞≬ ≫¾© ≬∞≢∕¢Ö ù ¾≫ߣùÖ
Èù©Σ∆© ©∆ù© ∯¾È℡È è∞≫°≬ ù Ò©ù© ©¾ ¢ù£≬ ù≫° ∕¾¢∞Σ∞≬ ©∆ù© ό¾ èÖ¾≫° £∆ù© ©∆
⁋¾»È©≫©∆ fi≢≫°≢≫© £¾»¢° ¾©∆È£∞≬ ÈÙ»∞ÈÓâ ©∆ Ò©ù© ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùáíé∆ù℡∞≫ό
ό¾≫ èÖ¾≫° ©∆ ÈÙ»∞È≢≫©≬ ¾∯ ©∆ ⁋°Èù¢ ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ãâ ∞≫ ¥©≫°∞≫ό ©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾
≢ùÈÈÖ ©¾ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬áíé£ù≬ ∯È ©¾ È©»È≫ Ð Ð Ð ©¾ ©∆ ≬©ù≫°ùÈ° ∕È℡ù∞¢∞≫ό
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 ;9 fh >19 );9 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 49/133
◀≫°°Ó ù≬ ©∆ ‰¾»È© ¾è≬È℡°Ó ≫¾© ¾≫¢Ö °¾≬ ©∆ ⁋¾»È©≫©∆ fi≢≫°≢≫© ≫¾©ÛÅ
∕Ⱦ∆∞è∞© ∕È∞℡ù© °∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫Á ∞© °¾≬ ≫¾© ℡≫ íό∞℡ ‰¾≫όÈ≬≬ ù ό≫Èù¢ ∕¾£È ©¾
∕Ⱦ∆∞è∞© °∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫ ∞≫ ∕»è¢∞Σ ùΣΣ¾≢≢¾°ù©∞¾≫≬â èÖ ≬©ù©»©Ð ő¾≢È Ó ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ ù© Ä×Ϧ≢∕∆ù≬∞≬ ù°°°˚ ¦Σ∞©∞≫ό ‰∞℡∞¢ ő∞ό∆©≬ ‰ù≬≬Ó ÛÎ ÌÐÒÐ ÊÓ ×Å ¦ÛÏÏÊ˚˚Ð ‰¾≫όÈ≬≬ ∆ù≬
∕ù≬≬° ù≫©∞°∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫ ¢ù£≬ Èό»¢ù©∞≫ό ∕È∞℡ù© Σ¾≫°»Σ© ¾≫¢Ö »≫°È ∞©≬ fiÈ©∞Σ¢ ◀
∕¾£È≬Ð ÒÓ ÐόÐÓ öùÈ© ¾∯ fi©¢ù≫©ù —¾©¢Ó ◀≫ΣÐ ℡Ð Ì≫∞©° Ò©ù©≬Ó ÊÉÎ ÌÐÒÐ ×ÆÛ ¦ÛÎÄÆ˚
¦»∕∆¾¢°∞≫ό ©∆ ‰∞℡∞¢ ő∞ό∆©≬ fiΣ© ¾∯ ÛÎÄÆ »≫°È ©∆ ‰¾≢≢ÈΣ ‰¢ù»≬˚Ð
ßÆÎß
ό≫Èù¢¢Ö ©∆Ⱦ»ό∆¾»© ©∆ Ì≫∞©° Ò©ù©≬Ðãâ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ã ő∕¢Ö ÈÐ ÉÄ ¦Ù»¾©∞≫ό ‰Èù£∯¾È°
℡Ð °Ð ¾∯ «°»ΣÐÓ ÆÅÏ ÌÐÒÐ Å×ÉÓ ÅÆ× ¦ÛÎÏ×˚˚Ð ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ù∕∕ùÈ ©¾ ≬»όό≬© ©∆ù© »≫¢≬≬
©∆ ⁋¾»È©≫©∆ fi≢≫°≢≫© ùΣ©»ù¢¢Ö ÈÙ»∞È≬ ©∆ù© ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã è
ό∞℡≫ ©¾ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ∞≫ ©∆ ∯∞È≬© ∕¢ùΣÓ ©∆È Σù≫ è ≫¾ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ∞≫∯∞È≢∞©Ö
∞≫ ©ù²∞≫ό ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ù£ùÖ ∯Ⱦ≢ ©∆ù© όȾ»∕ ¾∯ Σ∞©∞¸≫≬Ó £∆ù©℡È ©∆ ‗¾∕¢ã≬
Èù≬¾≫ ∯¾È °¾∞≫ό ≬¾Ð
ő¾≢È ∯¾ÈΣ¢¾≬≬ ©∆∞≬ ùÈό»≢≫©Ð Ç∆ È∞ό∆©≬ ©∆ù© £È È∕ù¢° èÖ fi≢≫°≢≫©
× ∞≫Σ¢»°° ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫≬ ùόù∞≫≬© °∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾≫ ©∆ èù≬∞≬ ¾∯ ≬¥»ù¢ ¾È∞≫©ù©∞¾≫ ∞≫ ©∆
∕È∞℡ù© ≬∕∆ÈÐ Ç∆¾≬ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫≬Ó ¢∞² ù≫Ö ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫≬ ùόù∞≫≬© ∕È∞℡ù© °∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫Ó
£È ≫¾© Σ¾≢∕¢¢° èÖ ©∆ ⁋¾»È©≫©∆ fi≢≫°≢≫©Ð őù©∆ÈÓ í≉≬∐©ù©≬ ∆ù≉°∐ Σ∆¾≬≫ÛÅ
©¾ Σ¾»≫©È °∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫ èÖ ≫ùΣ©∞≫ό °©ù∞¢° ≬©ù©»©¾ÈÖ ≬Σ∆≢≬â ∕Ⱦ∆∞è∞©∞≫ό
°∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫ ∞≫ ≢∕¢¾Ö≢≫© ù≫° ∕»è¢∞Σ ùΣΣ¾≢≢¾°ù©∞¾≫≬Ó ù≢¾≫ό ¾©∆È Σ¾≫©¥©≬Ó ù≫°
ΣÈ©ù∞≫ ‰¾¢¾Èù°¾ ∁»È∞≬°∞Σ©∞¾≫≬ ∆ù° Σ∆¾≬≫ ©¾ ¥©≫° ©∆¾≬ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫≬ ©¾ όùÖ≬ ù≫°
¢≬è∞ù≫≬Ð ő¾≢È Ó ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ ù© Ä×Ï ¦≢∕∆ù≬∞≬ ù°°°˚Ð ◀© £ù≬ ©∆≬ ¢Σ©∞℡ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫≬
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 ;3 fh >19 );3 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 50/133
Ç∆ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫≬ ù© ∞≬≬» ∞≫ ő¾≢È £È ≫¾© ¾∯ ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞ù¢¢Ö ≢¾È °∞≬©ù≫©
ÛÄ
∕Ⱦ℡≫ù≫Σ ©∆ù≫ ©∆ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ù© ∞≬≬» ∆ÈÐ …∆∞¢ fi≬∕≫ ù≫° ¾»¢°È ∆ù° ≫ùΣ©°
©∆∞È ¾È°∞≫ù≫Σ≬ ≬¾≢£∆ù© ùÈ¢∞ÈÓ ″≫℡Èã≬ ¾È°∞≫ù≫Σá£∆∞Σ∆ Σ¾℡È° ù ∯ùÈ όÈù©È
∕¾∕»¢ù©∞¾≫á∆ù° ©ù²≫ ∯∯Σ© ¾≫¢Ö ©∆ ÖùÈ è∯¾È ‰¾¢¾Èù°¾ ℡¾©È≬ ù°¾∕©°
fi≢≫°≢≫© ×Ð «℡ù≫≬Ó ÏÅÆ ‗Ð×° ù© Û×ÏÆÐ
ßÅß
©∆ù© fi≢≫°≢≫© × £∞©∆°È£ ù≫° ∯¾Èèù°Ð Ç∆ È¢℡ù≫© ∞≫Ù»∞ÈÖ ∞≫ ő¾≢È £ù≬ ≫¾©ÛÄ
£∆©∆È ©∆ ≬©ù© ¾∯ ©∆ ¢ù£ ù∯©È fi≢≫°≢≫© × £ù≬ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢Á ©∆È £ù≬ ≫¾ °¾»è©
©∆ù© ©∆ ⁋¾»È©≫©∆ fi≢≫°≢≫© °∞° ≫¾© ÈÙ»∞È ù≫©∞°∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫≬ ©¾ è
ù∯∯¾È°° ©¾ όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬Ð Ç∆ Ù»≬©∞¾≫Ó ∞≫≬©ù°Ó £ù≬ £∆©∆È ©∆ Σ∆ù≫ό ∞≫ ©∆
¢ù£ ©∆ù© fi≢≫°≢≫© × ∯∯Σ©° Σ¾»¢° è ∁»≬©∞∯∞° èÖ ≬¾≢ ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ∕»È∕¾≬Ð
Ç∆ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È©ã≬ ù≫≬£È £ù≬ í≫¾âá©∆È £ù≬ ≫¾ ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© Èù≬¾≫ ©¾ ©ù²
ù£ùÖ èȾù° ¢όù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫≬ ∯Ⱦ≢ όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬ ù¢¾≫Ó ù≫° ©¾ ∞≫≬ΣÈ∞è ©∆ù©
°∕È∞℡ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ Ù»ù¢∞©Ö ∞≫©¾ ©∆ ≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ó ¾≫Σ ©∆¾≬ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫≬ ∆ù° ù¢Èù°Ö
è≫ ∕Ⱦ℡∞°°Ð … ©∆È∯¾È ≫° ≫¾© °Σ∞° £∆©∆È ù ≬©ù© ≢ùÖ °Σ¢∞≫ ©¾ ∕Ⱦ℡∞°
©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖ ©¾ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬РǾ °©È≢∞≫ ©∆ ℡ù¢∞°∞©Ö ¾∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ £
≢»≬© Σ¾≫≬∞°È ¾≫¢Ö £∆©∆È ©∆ Σ∆ù≫ό ∞≫ ©∆ ¢ù£ ©∆ù© ∞© ∯∯Σ©°á¢∞≢∞≫ù©∞≫ό èÖ
Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ù≢≫°≢≫© ©∆ È∞ό∆© ¾∯ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©¾ ∆ù℡ ©∆ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢
°≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ù≫° ≬©ù©»≬ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã è≬©¾£° »∕¾≫ ©∆∞È È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬Ó £∆∞¢
≢ù∞≫©ù∞≫∞≫ό ©∆ù© È∞ό∆© ∯¾È ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬á£ù≬ ∁»≬©∞∯∞° èÖ ù ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© Èù≬¾≫Ð
Ç∆∞≬ °¾≬ ≫¾© ≢ù≫ ©∆ù© ©∆ ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ ∞≬ ù í¾≫ߣùÖ Èù©Σ∆©Óâ ù≬ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬
≬»όό≬©Ð ◀© ≢ù≫≬ ¾≫¢Ö ©∆ù© ©∆ «Ù»ù¢ ‗Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ‰¢ù»≬ ÈÙ»∞È≬ ©∆ ≬©ù© ©¾ ∆ù℡ ù
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 2< fh >19 )2< fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 51/133
ßÅÛß
¢ό∞©∞≢ù© Èù≬¾≫ ∯¾È £∞©∆°Èù£∞≫ό ù È∞ό∆© ¾È è≫∯∞© ∯Ⱦ≢ ¾≫ όȾ»∕ 軩 ≫¾© ¾©∆È≬Ó
£∆©∆È ¾È ≫¾© ∞© £ù≬ ÈÙ»∞È° ©¾ Σ¾≫∯È ©∆ù© È∞ό∆© ¾È è≫∯∞© ∞≫ ©∆ ∯∞È≬© ∕¢ùΣÐ Ç∆»≬Ó
£∆≫ ‰¾≫όÈ≬≬Ó ∆ù℡∞≫ό Σ∆¾≬≫ ©¾ ∕Ⱦ℡∞° ∯¾¾° ≬©ù≢∕≬ ©¾ ©∆ ∕¾¾È ∞≫ ©∆ ⁋¾¾° Ò©ù≢∕
fiΣ© ¾∯ ÛÎÄÆÓ ù≢≫°° ©∆ fiΣ© ©¾ ¥Σ¢»° ∆¾»≬∆¾¢°≬ ¾∯ »≫È¢ù©° ∞≫°∞℡∞°»ù¢≬Ó ≬»Σ∆
ù≬ í∆∞∕∕∞≬â ¢∞℡∞≫ό ∞≫ í∆∞∕∕∞ Σ¾≢≢»≫≬Óâ ©∆ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ∆¢° ©∆ ù≢≫°≢≫©
»≫Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ èΣù»≬ íù èùÈ Σ¾≫όÈ≬≬∞¾≫ù¢ °≬∞È ©¾ ∆ùÈ≢ ù ∕¾¢∞©∞Σù¢¢Ö »≫∕¾∕»¢ùÈ
όȾ»∕ Σù≫≫¾© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»© ù ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢ ∞≫©È≬©Ðâ ÌÐÒÐ ″∕ã© ¾∯ fiόÈ∞ΣÐ ℡Ð
—¾È≫¾Ó ÆÛÊ ÌÐÒÐ Å×ÏÓ ÅÊÆ ¦ÛÎÉÊ˚Ð ◀≫ 辩∆ ő¾≢È ù≫° —¾È≫¾Ó ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢
℡∞¾¢ù©∞¾≫ ©∆ù© ©∆ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ∞°≫©∞∯∞° £ù≬ ≫¾© ©∆ ∯ù∞¢»È ©¾ Σ¾≫∯È ù È∞ό∆© ¾È
è≫∯∞© ∞≫ ©∆ ∯∞È≬© ∕¢ùΣÁ ‰¾≫όÈ≬≬ £ù≬ ≫¾ ≢¾È ¾è¢∞όù©° ©¾ ∕Ⱦ℡∞° ∯¾¾° ≬©ù≢∕≬ ©∆ù≫
‰¾¢¾Èù°¾ £ù≬ ©¾ ≫ùΣ© ù≫©∞°∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫ ¢ù£≬Ð őù©∆ÈÓ £∆ù© ©∆ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È©
∯¾Èèù° ∞≫ ùΣ∆ Σù≬ £ù≬ ©∆ ©ùÈό©° ¥Σ¢»≬∞¾≫ ¾∯ ù όȾ»∕ ¾∯ Σ∞©∞¸≫≬ ∯Ⱦ≢ ù È∞ό∆© ¾È
è≫∯∞© ©∆ù© ©∆Ö ∆ù° ≫∁¾Ö° ¾≫ Ù»ù¢ ©È≢≬ £∞©∆ ù¢¢ ¾©∆È Σ∞©∞¸≫≬Ð Ç∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢
∞≫∁»ÈÖ ©∆ù© ő¾≢È ù≫° —¾È≫¾ ∞°≫©∞∯∞°áù≫° ©∆ù© ≬È℡≬ ù≬ ù èù≬∞≬ ¾∯ ¾»È °Σ∞≬∞¾≫
©¾ ≬©È∞² °¾£≫ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ïá∆ù≬ ¢∞©©¢ ©¾ °¾ £∞©∆ ©∆ ≬»è≬©ù≫Σ ¾∯ ©∆ È∞ό∆© ¾È è≫∯∞©
∯Ⱦ≢ £∆∞Σ∆ ù όȾ»∕ ∞≬ ¥Σ¢»°°Ó ù≫° ≢»Σ∆ ©¾ °¾ £∞©∆ ©∆ ùΣ© ¾∯ ¥Σ¢»≬∞¾≫ ∞©≬¢∯Ð
‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ã È¢∞ù≫Σ ¾≫ ‰Èù£∯¾È° ℡Ð ¾ùÈ° ¾∯ «°»Σù©∞¾≫Ó ÆÅÏ ÌÐÒÐ Å×É ¦ÛÎÏ×˚Ó
∞≬ ©∆È∯¾È ≢∞≬∕¢ùΣ°Ð ◀≫ ‰Èù£∯¾È° Ó ©∆ ‰¾»È© ù∯∯∞È≢° ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÛÓ ù ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù
∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ù≢≫°≢≫© ©∆ù© èùÈÈ° ≬©ù© Σ¾»È©≬ ∯Ⱦ≢ ¾È°È∞≫ό ≬Σ∆¾¾¢
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 2> fh >19 )2> fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 52/133
fi°°∞©∞¾≫ù¢¢ÖÓ ©∆ ‰¾»È© ≬©ù©° ©∆ù© ∞© í£¾»¢° ≫¾© ∞≫©È∕È© ©∆ ⁋¾»È©≫©∆ÛÉ
fi≢≫°≢≫© ©¾ ÈÙ»∞È ©∆ ∕¾∕¢ ¾∯ ù Ò©ù© ©¾ ù°∆È ©¾ ù ∁»°∞Σ∞ù¢ Σ¾≫≬©È»Σ©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆∞È
Ò©ù© ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ £∆≫ ©∆ù© ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ ∞©≬¢∯ ℡≬©≬ ∯∞≫ù¢ ù»©∆¾È∞©Ö ∞≫ ©∆ ∕¾∕¢Ðâ
‰Èù£∯¾È° Ó ÆÅÏ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÅÆÐ ◀≫ ≫ùΣ©∞≫ό ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ ©∆ ‗¾∕¢ °∞° ≫¾© í°Σ¢ùÈ ©∆
≬©ù© ¾∯ ©∆ ¢ù£ ù≬ ∞© ¥∞≬©° £∆≫ ©∆ —ùÈÈ∞ùό ‰ù≬≬ °Σ∞≬∞¾≫ £ù≬ È≫°È°Ó 軩
∞≫≬©ù° ≬©ùè¢∞≬∆≉°∐ ù ≫£ ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞℡ ≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È»¢â ©∆ù© ù≢≫°° ©∆
Σ∆ùÈ©Èã≬ ©¥© ©¾ ≬»∕È≬° ©∆ ∕È℡∞¾»≬ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ″Σ¢ùÈù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ő∞ό∆©≬Ð Ò©Èù»≬≬Ó ×É
‗ÐÊ° ù© ÛÛÅÐ Ç∆ ‗¾∕¢ ©∆»≬ ùΣ©° ù≬ ‰¾≫όÈ≬≬ °¾≬ £∆≫ ∞© °∞≬ù∕∕Ⱦ℡≬ ¾∯ ù
≬©ù©»©¾ÈÖ ∞≫©È∕È©ù©∞¾≫ èÖ ù ∯°Èù¢ Σ¾»È© ù≫° ≫ùΣ©≬ ù ≫£ ≬©ù©»© ©¾ ∕Ⱦ°»Σ ∞©≬
∕È∯ÈÈ° È≬»¢©Ð ÒÓ ÐόÐÓ ő¢∞ό∞¾»≬ ⁋È°¾≢ ő≬©¾Èù©∞¾≫ fiΣ© ¾∯ ÛÎÎÊÓ ‗»èÐ ’Ð ‚¾Ð
ÛÊßÛÆÛ ¦≫ùΣ©° ∞≫ È≬∕¾≫≬ ©¾ ©∆ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È©ã≬ °Σ∞≬∞¾≫ ∞≫ «≢∕¢¾Ö≢≫©
″∞℡∞≬∞¾≫ ℡Ð Ò≢∞©∆Ó ÆÎÆ ÌÐÒÐ ÏÉ× ¦ÛÎÎ˚˚Ð ‛∯ Σ¾»È≬Ó ‰Èù£∯¾È° °∞° ≫¾© ≬»όό≬© ©∆ù© ∞©
≫°≬ ©∆ ∞≫Ù»∞ÈÖ ©¾ ≫¾© ©∆ù© ©∆ ⁋¾»È©≫©∆ fi≢≫°≢≫© ό≫Èù¢¢Ö ù¢¢¾£≬ ©∆ ‗¾∕¢
©¾ ¥ÈΣ∞≬ ©∆∞È ≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≬»∕È≬° ù °Σ∞≬∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ ≬©ù© ≬»∕È≢
Σ¾»È© èÖ ù≫ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ù≢≫°≢≫©Ð fi ∯°Èù¢ Σ¾»È© ≢»≬© ≬©∞¢¢ °©È≢∞≫
£∆©∆È ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ù≢≫°≢≫© ≫ùΣ©° èÖ ©∆ ‗¾∕¢ ∞≬ ¾©∆È£∞≬ ℡ù¢∞° »≫°È
©∆ ⁋°Èù¢ ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Á ≬¾≢©∞≢≬ ¢ù£≬ ∕ù≬≬° èΣù»≬ ¾∯ °∞≬ùόÈ≢≫© £∞©∆ ∁»°∞Σ∞ù¢ °Σ∞≬∞¾≫≬ ùÈ ≫¾©Ð ‰∯Ð ‰∞©Ö ¾∯ ¾È≫ ℡Ð ⁋¢¾È≬Ó Å×Û ÌÐÒÐ ÅÉ ¦ÛÎÎÉ˚ ¦∆¾¢°∞≫ό
©∆ ő¢∞ό∞¾»≬ ⁋È°¾≢ ő≬©¾Èù©∞¾≫ fiΣ© »≫Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ∞≫ ∕ùÈ©˚Ð ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Û £ù≬
℡ù¢∞° èΣù»≬Ó ∞≫ ≬»∕È≬°∞≫ό ù °Σ∞≬∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È©Ó ∞© °∞° ≫¾©
¦Σ¾≫©∞≫»°ÐÐÐ˚
ßÅ×ß
è»≬∞≫ό ¾È ∕»∕∞¢ßù≬≬∞ό≫≢≫© ∕¢ù≫≬ ¥Σ∕© £∆≫ ≫Σ≬≬ùÈÖ ©¾ È≢°Ö ù ∯°Èù¢
Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ℡∞¾¢ù©∞¾≫Ð ◀°Ð ù© ÅÊÛßÊ×Ð ’∞² ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Û £ù≬ ù°¾∕©°
∞≫ È≬∕¾≫≬ ©¾ ù °Σ∞≬∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© »≫°È ©∆ ≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ó
£∆∞Σ∆ ∆ù° ∆¢° ©∆ù© ≬©ù© ≬Σ∆¾¾¢≬ £È ¾è¢∞όù©° ©¾ ©ù² íÈù≬¾≫ùè¢Ö ∯ù≬∞è¢ ≬©∕≬Óâ
∞≫Σ¢»°∞≫ό è»≬∞≫ό ù≫° ∕»∕∞¢ßù≬≬∞ό≫≢≫© ∕¢ù≫≬Ó í©¾ ù¢¢℡∞ù© ≬Σ∆¾¾¢ ≬όÈόù©∞¾≫Ðâ
‰Èù£∯¾È° ℡Ð °Ð ¾∯ «°»ΣÐÓ ÅÅÛ ‗Ð×° ×ÏÓ ÆÅ ¦‰ù¢Ð ÛÎÉÄ˚Ð Ç∆ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© íÈ∁Σ©≉°∐
©∆ Σ¾≫©≫©∞¾≫ ©∆ù© ¾≫Σ ù Ò©ù© Σ∆¾¾≬≬ ©¾ °¾ é≢¾Èã ©∆ù≫ ©∆ ⁋¾»È©≫©∆ fi≢≫°≢≫©
ÈÙ»∞È≬Ó ∞© ≢ùÖ ≫℡È ÈΣ°Ðâ ‰Èù£∯¾È° Ó ÆÅÏ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÅÊÅÐ Ç∆ù© Σ¾≫Σ¢»≬∞¾≫ £ù≬ÛÉ
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 21 fh >19 )21 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 53/133
¦ÐÐÐΣ¾≫©∞≫»°˚ÛÉ
°Èù£ ù≫ ∞≢∕Ⱦ∕È Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ ù≢¾≫ό όȾ»∕≬Ð ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∞≬ ∞≫℡ù¢∞° èΣù»≬ ∞©
°¾≬Ð
ßÅÊß
Σ¾≫≬∞≬©≫© £∞©∆ ©∆ ∕È∞≫Σ∞∕¢ ©∆ù© ≬©ù©≬ ≬∆¾»¢° è ∯È í©¾ ¥∕È∞≢≫©â £∞©∆ ≬¾Σ∞ù¢
∕¾¢∞ΣÖÓ £∞©∆¾»© ∯ùÈ ¾∯ è∞≫ό ¢¾Σ²° ∞≫ ©¾ í¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞¾≫ ©∆ù© ∆ù≬ ∕Ⱦ℡° »≫£¾È²ùè¢ ¾È
∆ùÈ≢∯»¢ £∆≫ ©∆ Ò©ù© £ù≬ »≫°È ≫¾ ¾è¢∞όù©∞¾≫ ©¾ ù°¾∕© ©∆ ¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞¾≫ ∞≫ ©∆ ∯∞È≬©
∕¢ùΣÐâ ◀°Ð ù© ÅÊÅÓ ÅÊÎßÆÐ
‰È∞©∞Σù¢¢ÖÓ ∆¾£℡ÈÓ ©∆ ‰¾»È© ≫¾©° ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Û °∞° ≫¾© ∞©≬¢∯ °Èù£ ù≫Ö
Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫Á í≉∞∐© ≬∞≢∕¢Ö ∯¾Èè≉ù°∐ ≬©ù© Σ¾»È©≬â ∯Ⱦ≢ ¾È°È∞≫ό ≬∕Σ∞∯∞Σ È≢°∞≬
»≫°È ≬©ù© ¢ù£ í∞≫ ©∆ ùè≬≫Σ ¾∯ ù ⁋¾»È©≫©∆ fi≢≫°≢≫© ℡∞¾¢ù©∞¾≫Óâ £∆∞¢
≢ù∞≫©ù∞≫∞≫ό ©∆ ≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ã≬ ≢¾È Ⱦè»≬© íÈ∞ό∆© ©¾ °≬όÈόù©∞¾≫ ©∆ù≫ ¥∞≬©≬
»≫°È ©∆ ⁋°Èù¢ ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ðâ ◀°Ð ù© ÅÊÉÓ ÅÆ× ¦≢∕∆ù≬∞≬ ù°°°˚Á ≬ ù¢≬¾ ∞°Ð ù© ÅÆÆ
¦≫¾©∞≫ό ©∆ù© ¾©∆È È≢°∞≬ È≢ù∞≫° ù℡ù∞¢ùè¢˚Ð —¾≬© ∞≢∕¾È©ù≫©Ó ©∆ ∕Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ã≬
∕»È∕¾È©° è≫∯∞©Ó í≫∞ό∆è¾È∆¾¾° ≬Σ∆¾¾¢∞≫όÓâ £ù≬ í≢ù° ù℡ù∞¢ùè¢ ÈόùÈ°¢≬≬ ¾∯
ÈùΣÐâ ◀° Ð Ç∆È £ù≬ ≫¾ ℡∞°≫Σ ©∆ù© ©∆ í∕»È∕¾≬ ¾∯ ≉©∆∐ È∕ù¢∞≫ό ¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞¾≫ ≉£ù≬∐
©¾ °∞≬ù°℡ù≫©ùό ù ÈùΣ∞ù¢ ≢∞≫¾È∞©ÖÓâ £∆∞Σ∆ £¾»¢° ∆ù℡ ≢ù° ©∆ ∕Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫
»≫Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢Ð ◀°Ð ù© ÅÊÎ ≫Ð×ÛÓ ÅÆÊßÆÅ ¦Σ∞©∞≫ό ő∞©≢ù≫ ℡Ð —»¢²ÖÓ ÊÏÉ ÌÐÒÐ ÊÄÎ
¦ÛÎÄÉ˚˚Ð Σù»≬ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Û °∞° ≫¾© ≬©ùè¢∞≬∆ ù≫Ö Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫Ó ù≫° èΣù»≬ ∞© £ù≬
≬»∕∕¾È©° èÖ ∕È≢∞≬≬∞è¢ ∕¾¢∞ΣÖ ∕È∯È≫Σ≬ ùόù∞≫≬© ≬∕Σ∞∯∞Σ Σ¾»È© È≢°∞≬Ó ©∆
Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ∆¢° ©∆ù© ∞© £ù≬ ℡ù¢∞°Ð ‛≫ ©∆ ≬ù≢ °ùÖÓ èÖ Σ¾≫©Èù≬©Ó ©∆ ‰¾»È© ≬©È»Σ²
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 27 fh >19 )27 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 54/133
Ò ‗©∞©∞¾≫È≬ã ÈÐ Ê×ßÊÊÓ ÆÏÓ ő¾≢È ℡Ð «℡ù≫≬ Ó ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ Ä× ¦ÛÎÎÄ˚ ¦‚¾Ð ÎÆßÛÏ
ÛÊÎ˚ ¦í‰Èù£∯¾È° Σ¾≫©È¾¢≬ ©∆∞≬ Σù≬Ð Ç∆Ⱦ»ό∆ fi≢≫°≢≫© ×Ó ‰¾¢¾Èù°¾ ∆ù≬ ≬∞≢∕¢Ö
°∯∞≫° ©∆ ∕ùΣ²ùό ¾∯ Σ∞℡∞¢ È∞ό∆©≬ ù℡ù∞¢ùè¢ ©¾ ∆¾≢¾≬¥»ù¢≬ ù≫° è∞≬¥»ù¢≬ »≫°È ©∆
‰¾¢¾Èù°¾ ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ ù≬ ≫¾ ¢ùÈόÈ ©∆ù≫ ©∆ù© ∕Ⱦ℡∞°° èÖ ©∆ ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ ù≫° ¢ù£≬ ¾∯
©∆ Ì≫∞©° Ò©ù©≬Ð Ð Ð Ð …∆∞¢ ù ≬©ù© ¾È ¢¾Σù¢ ό¾℡È≫≢≫© Σù≫ όÈù≫© ≢¾È ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫©∆ù≫ ©∆ù© ÈÙ»∞È° èÖ ©∆ Ì≫∞©° Ò©ù©≬ ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ó ù ≬©ù© ¾È ¢¾Σù¢ ό¾℡È≫≢≫© Σù≫
ù¢≬¾ È≬Σ∞≫° ©∆ù© ù°°∞©∞¾≫ù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫áù≫° ∕Ⱦ∆∞è∞© ∞©≬ ≬»è≬Ù»≫©
È¥©≫≬∞¾≫á£∞©∆¾»© Σ¾≢≢∞©©∞≫ό ù ∯°Èù¢ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ℡∞¾¢ù©∞¾≫Ð ≉‰Èù£∯¾È° Ó ÆÅÏ
ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÅÊÏßÊÎÐ∐ fi≢≫°≢≫© × °¾≬ ≫¾©∆∞≫ό ≢¾ÈÐâ˚Ð
ßÅÆß
°¾£≫ ù ≬∞≢∞¢ùÈ …ù≬∆∞≫ό©¾≫ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡Ó èΣù»≬ ∞© ∆ù° è≫ í°Èù£≫ ∯¾È ÈùΣ∞ù¢ ∕»È∕¾≬≬â
∞≫ ù ≢ù≫≫È ©∆ù© í∞≢∕¾≬≉°∐ ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞ù¢ ù≫° »≫∞Ù» è»È°≫≬ ¾≫ ÈùΣ∞ù¢ ≢∞≫¾È∞©∞≬â ù≫°
ùΣΣ¾È°∞≫ό¢Ö ℡∞¾¢ù©° ©∆ ⁋¾»È©≫©∆ fi≢≫°≢≫©Ð …ù≬∆∞≫ό©¾≫ ℡Ð Òù©©¢ ÒΣ∆Ð ″∞≬©Ð ‚¾Ð
ÛÓ ÆÅÏ ÌÐÒÐ ÆÅÉÓ ÆÉßÉÛ ¦ÛÎÏ×˚Ð
ő¾≢È Ó ≫¾© ‰Èù£∯¾È° Ó Σ¾≫©È¾¢≬ £∆È ù ∕È∞℡∞¢ό ¾È ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ∞≬ £∞©∆°Èù£≫
£∞©∆¾»© ù ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© Èù≬¾≫ ∯Ⱦ≢ ù Σ¢ù≬≬ ¾∯ °∞≬∯ù℡¾È° ∞≫°∞℡∞°»ù¢≬Ó ℡≫ ∞∯ ©∆ù© È∞ό∆©
≢ùÖ ≫¾© ∆ù℡ è≫ ÈÙ»∞È° èÖ ©∆ ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ ∞≫ ©∆ ∯∞È≬© ∕¢ùΣÐ fi¢©∆¾»ό∆ ‰¾¢¾Èù°¾
∕È≬≫©° è∯¾È ©∆ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ù≫ ùÈό»≢≫© ÈόùÈ°∞≫ό ‰Èù£∯¾È° ∞°≫©∞Σù¢ ©¾ ©∆
¾≫ ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ∕È≬≫© ∆ÈÓ ©∆ù© ùÈό»≢≫© °∞° ≫¾© ∕È≬»ù° ©∆ ‰¾»È©Ð ‚∞©∆È ÛÏ
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ≫¾È fi≢≫°≢≫© × £ù≬ ù ¢ù£ ¾∯ ό≫Èù¢ ù∕∕¢∞Σùè∞¢∞©Ö ©∆ù© ≢È¢Ö
Σ»È©ù∞¢° ≬©ù© Σ¾»È©≬ã È≢°∞ù¢ ∕¾£È≬Ó ù≬ ¾∕∕¾≬° ©¾ ù ≬∞≫ό¢ όȾ»∕ã≬ È∞ό∆©≬Ð őù©∆ÈÓ
辩∆ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ù≫° fi≢≫°≢≫© × íΣùÈ℡≉°∐ ¾»©â È∞ό∆©≬ ∯Ⱦ≢ όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬
ù¢¾≫Ð Ì≫¢∞² ©∆ ≢ù≬»È ∞≫ ‰Èù£∯¾È° Ó ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∞≬ ù í°∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ù≫
»≫»≬»ù¢ Σ∆ùÈùΣ©Èâ ©∆ù© ÈÙ»∞È≬ íΣùÈ∯»¢ Σ¾≫≬∞°Èù©∞¾≫â ¾∯ ∞©≬ ∕»È∕¾≬≬ ù≫° ∯∯Σ©≬Ó
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 2; fh >19 )2; fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 55/133
fi≬ £ ∆ù℡ ≫¾©°Ó £ ≫° ≫¾© Σ¾≫≬∞°È £∆©∆È ù≫Ö ∯¾È≢ ¾∯ ∆∞ό∆©≫°ÛÎ
≬ΣÈ»©∞≫Ö ∞≬ ≫Σ≬≬ùÈÖ ¾È ù∕∕Ⱦ∕È∞ù© ∞≫ ¾È°È ©¾ ÈùΣ∆ ©∆ È≬»¢© £ °¾Ð Ò ≬»∕Èù ≫¾©
ÛÊÐ
ßÅÅß
£∆©∆È ¾È ≫¾© ©∆ ⁋¾»È©≫©∆ fi≢≫°≢≫© ÈÙ»∞È° ©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ è ∕Ⱦ℡∞°° ùè ∞≫∞©∞¾Ð
⁋¾¢¢¾£∞≫ό ő¾≢È Ó £ ≢»≬© ©∆È∯¾È °Σ∞° £∆©∆È ù ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ∞≫©È≬© ¥∞≬©≬ ©∆ù©
∁»≬©∞∯∞≬ ©∆ ‗¾∕¢ ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùã≬ ùΣ©∞¾≫ ∞≫ ©ù²∞≫ό ù£ùÖ ∯Ⱦ≢ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©∆
È∞ό∆© ©¾ »≬ ©∆ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ù≫° ≫∁¾Ö ©∆ ≬©ù©»≬ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόãáù ¢ό∞©∞≢ù©
∞≫©È≬© ©∆ù© ≬»∯∯∞Σ≬ ©¾ ¾℡ÈΣ¾≢ ©∆ í∞≫℡∞©ùè¢ ∞≫∯È≫Σâ ¾∯ ù≫∞≢»≬ ©¾ £∆∞Σ∆
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ïã≬ °∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©¾ÈÖ ∯∯Σ©≬ ¾©∆È£∞≬ ό∞℡ È∞≬Ð
″
… ∯∞È≬© Σ¾≫≬∞°È ∯¾»È ∕¾≬≬∞è¢ Èù≬¾≫≬ ¾∯∯È° èÖ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ¾È ù≢∞Σ∞ ©¾
¥∕¢ù∞≫ £∆Ö ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ≢∞ό∆© ∆ù℡ è≫ ≫ùΣ©°À ¦Û˚ ∯»È©∆È∞≫ό ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùã≬
∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ Σ∆∞¢°ÈùÈ∞≫ό ù≫° È≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢ ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫Ó ¦×˚ ∕È¾Σ°∞≫ό £∞©∆ Σù»©∞¾≫
è∯¾È ≢ù²∞≫ό ≬∞ό≫∞∯∞Σù≫© Σ∆ù≫ό≬ ©¾ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÓ ¦Ê˚ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞≫ό È¢∞ό∞¾»≬ ∯È°¾≢Ó ù≫°
¦Æ˚ ∕È℡≫©∞≫ό Σ∆∞¢°È≫ ∯Ⱦ≢ è∞≫ό ©ù»ό∆© ùè¾»© ≬ù≢ß≬¥ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ∞≫ ≬Σ∆¾¾¢≬РǾ è
ΣÈ°∞©°Ó ©∆≬ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢≬ í≢»≬© ∯∞≫° ≬¾≢ ∯¾¾©∞≫ό ∞≫ ©∆ Èù¢∞©∞≬ ¾∯ ©∆ ≬»è∁Σ©
ù°°È≬≬° èÖ ©∆ ¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞¾≫Ðâ ö¢¢È ℡Ð ″¾Ó ÅÎ ÌÐÒÐ ÊÛ×Ó Ê×Û ¦ÛÎÎÊ˚Ð Ç∆Ö ùÈÓ
Σ¾≫℡È≬¢ÖÓ ≫¾© ©¾ è ΣÈ°∞©° ∞∯ ©∆Ö íΣ¾»¢° ≫¾© Èù≬¾≫ùè¢Ö è Σ¾≫Σ∞℡° ©¾ è ©È» èÖ
©∆ ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢ °Σ∞≬∞¾≫≢ù²ÈÐâ ù≫Σ ℡Ð Èù°¢ÖÓ ÆÆ ÌÐÒÐ ÎÊÓ ÛÛÛ ¦ÛÎÉÎ˚ÐÛÎ
Σù»≬ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï °∞° ≫¾© ∯»È©∆È ù≫Ö ¾∯ ©∆≬ ∞≫©È≬©≬Ó £ Σ¾≫Σ¢»° ©∆ù© ©∆Ö
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 22 fh >19 )22 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 56/133
ßÅÄß
Σù≫≫¾© ∆ù℡ è≫ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬≬ ∯¾È ©∆∞≬ ≢ù≬»ÈÓ £∆©∆È ¾È ≫¾© ©∆Ö ùÈ ¢ό∞©∞≢ù©
≬©ù© ∞≫©È≬©≬Ð
Û
Ç∆ ∕È∞≢ùÈÖ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ¾∯∯È ∯¾È ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∞≬ ©∆ù© ∞© ù°℡ù≫Σ≬
‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùã≬ ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ È≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢ ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫ ù≫° Σ∆∞¢°ÈùÈ∞≫όÐ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ã ÈÐ ÉÉß
ÎÊÐ Ç∆∞≬ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ ù∕∕ùÈ≬ ©¾ Σ¾≢∕È∞≬ ©£¾ °∞≬©∞≫Σ© ¢≢≫©≬Ð Ç∆ ∯∞È≬© ∞≬ ©∆ù© Σ∆∞¢°È≫
ùÈ è©©È ¾∯∯ £∆≫ Èù∞≬° èÖ ©£¾ è∞¾¢¾ό∞Σù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©≬ ù≫° ©∆ù© ≬¾Σ∞©Ö Σù≫ ∞≫ΣÈù≬ ©∆
¢∞²¢∞∆¾¾° ¾∯ ©∆ù© ∯ù≢∞¢Ö ≬©È»Σ©»È èÖ ù¢¢¾£∞≫ό ¾≫¢Ö ∕¾©≫©∞ù¢ è∞¾¢¾ό∞Σù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©≬á¾≫
≢ù≫ ù≫° ¾≫ £¾≢ù≫᩾ ≢ùÈÈÖÐ Ç∆ ≬Σ¾≫° ∞≬ ©∆ù© ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό È°»Σ≬ ©∆ ©∆Èù© ¾∯
í∞ÈÈ≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢ ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫âá©∆ù© ∞≬Ó »≫∞≫©≫°° ∕Èό≫ù≫Σ∞≬ ¾»© ¾∯ £°¢¾Σ²áèÖ
∕Ⱦ℡∞°∞≫ό ù≫ ∞≫Σ≫©∞℡ ∯¾È Σ¾»∕¢≬ ≫όùό° ∞≫ ∕¾©≫©∞ù¢¢Ö ∕ȾΣÈù©∞℡ ≬¥»ù¢ ùΣ©∞℡∞©Ö
©¾ ∯¾È≢ ≬©ùè¢ ∯ù≢∞¢Ö »≫∞©≬Ð Σù»≬ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ùÈ ≫¾© ù© È∞≬² ¾∯ í∞ÈÈ≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢
∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫â ù≬ ù ≢ù©©È ¾∯ è∞¾¢¾όÖÓ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ùÈό»Ó ©∆È ∞≬ ≬∞≢∕¢Ö ≫¾ ≫° ©¾ ¾∯∯È
≬»Σ∆ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©∆ ≬ù≢ ∞≫Σ≫©∞℡≬Ð ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∞≬ ≫¾© Èù©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö È¢ù©°Ó ∆¾£℡ÈÓ ©¾
∞©∆È ¾∯ ©∆≬ ∕»È∕¾È©° ∞≫©È≬©≬Ó £∆©∆È ¾È ≫¾© ©∆ ∞≫©È≬©≬ £¾»¢° è ¢ό∞©∞≢ù©
»≫°È ¾©∆È Σ∞ÈΣ»≢≬©ù≫Σ≬Ð
… ≫° ≫¾© °Σ∞° £∆©∆È ©∆È ∞≬ ù≫Ö ≢È∞© ©¾ ©∆ ≬¾Σ∞¾¢¾ό∞Σù¢ ∕È≢∞≬ ¾∯
‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ã ∯∞È≬© ùÈό»≢≫©á©∆ù© ∯ù≢∞¢∞≬ ∆ù°° èÖ ©£¾ è∞¾¢¾ό∞Σù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©≬ ùÈ ©∆
è≬© ≫℡∞Ⱦ≫≢≫©≬ ∞≫ £∆∞Σ∆ ©¾ Èù∞≬ Σ∆∞¢°È≫áèΣù»≬ ℡≫ ∞∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ùÈ Σ¾ÈÈΣ©Ó
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 28 fh >19 )28 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 57/133
⁋¾È ©∆ Èù≬¾≫≬ ¥∕¢ù∞≫° ùè¾℡Ó ‰∞©∞¸≫≬ ∯¾È «Ù»ù¢ ‗Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ℡Ð È»≫∞≫ό Ó×
ÆÅÅ ⁋ÐÊ° ÏÅÎ ¦Ï©∆ ‰∞ÈÐ ×Ä˚Ó ∞≬ ≫¾© ù∕∕¢∞Σùè¢ ∆ÈÐ fi≬ ¾»È °∞≬≬≫©∞≫ό Σ¾¢¢ùό»
≬©ù©≬Ó ©∆ ∯ùΣ© ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ¢∯© ∞≫©ùΣ© ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùã≬ ¢ù£≬ Σ¾≫ΣÈ≫∞≫ό ∯ù≢∞¢Ö∯¾È≢ù©∞¾≫ ù≫° Σ∆∞¢°ÈùÈ∞≫ό èÖ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ °∞≬©∞≫ό»∞≬∆≬ ©∆∞≬ Σù≬ ∯Ⱦ≢ ‰∞©∞¸≫≬Ð
Ò ″∞≬≬≫© ù© ÊÛ ¦íÌ≫¢∞² ©∆ ‚èÈù≬²ù Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ù≢≫°≢≫©Ó £∆∞Σ∆ ∕Ⱦ∆∞è∞©°
©∆ ÈΣ¾ό≫∞©∞¾≫ ¾∯ 辩∆ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό≬ èÖ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ù≫° ¾©∆È ≬ù≢ß≬¥
¦Σ¾≫©∞≫»°ÐÐÐ˚
ßÅÉß
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∆ù° ùè≬¾¢»©¢Ö ≫¾ ∯∯Σ© ¾≫ ©∆ ùè∞¢∞©Ö ¾∯ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©¾ èΣ¾≢
∕ùÈ≫©≬ ¾È ©∆ ≢ù≫≫È ∞≫ £∆∞Σ∆ Σ∆∞¢°È≫ ùÈ Èù∞≬° ∞≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÐ fi≬ £ ∆ù℡
¥∕¢ù∞≫°Ó ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∞≫ ≫¾ £ùÖ ≢¾°∞∯∞° ©∆ ≬©ù©ã≬ ¢ù£≬ ό¾℡È≫∞≫ό ∕ùÈ≫©ùόÓ
£∆∞Σ∆ ùÈ °∞≬©∞≫Σ© ∯Ⱦ≢ ∞©≬ ¢ù£≬ ό¾℡È≫∞≫ό ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÐ Ò Ò©Èù»≬≬Ó ×É ‗ÐÊ° ù© ÄÛÐ ¾©∆
è∯¾È ù≫° ù∯©È ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ Σ¾≢≢∞©©° ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ¦í≬∕¾»≬≬â˚ ù≫° ≬ù≢ß
≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ¦í°¾≢≬©∞Σ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬â˚ ∆ù° ∞°≫©∞Σù¢ È∞ό∆©≬ £∞©∆ ÈόùÈ° ©¾ ∯¾È≢∞≫ό ∯ù≢∞¢∞≬
ù≫° Èù∞≬∞≫ό Σ∆∞¢°È≫Ð Ò ‰ù¢Ð ⁋ù≢Ð ‰¾° s ×ÎÉÐŦ°˚ ¦íÇ∆ È∞ό∆©≬ ù≫° ¾è¢∞όù©∞¾≫≬ ¾∯
Èό∞≬©È° °¾≢≬©∞Σ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬ £∞©∆ È≬∕Σ© ©¾ ù Σ∆∞¢° ¾∯ ∞©∆È ¾∯ ©∆≢ ≬∆ù¢¢ è ©∆ ≬ù≢
ù≬ ©∆¾≬ ¾∯ ≬∕¾»≬≬Ðâ˚Ð Ò∞≢∞¢ùÈ¢ÖÓ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï °∞° ≫¾© ù¢©È ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ù°¾∕©∞¾≫
¾È ∕È≬»≢°ß∕ùÈ≫©ùό ¢ù£≬Ó £∆∞Σ∆ Σ¾≫©∞≫» ©¾ ù∕∕¢Ö Ù»ù¢¢Ö ©¾ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬Ð ‰∯Ð
«¢∞≬ù ÐÓ ÛÛÉ ‗ÐÊ° ù© ÄÄÉßÉÛ ¦ù∕∕¢Ö∞≫ό ©∆ ∕È≬»≢° ∕ùÈ≫©ùό ≬©ù©»©≬ ©¾ ù ¢≬è∞ù≫
Σ¾»∕¢˚Á Ò∆ùȾ≫ ÒÐ ℡Ð Ò»∕ÈÐ ‰©ÐÓ ÉÊ ‗ÐÊ° ÅÅÆÓ ÅÉ ¦‰ù¢Ð ×Ê˚ ¦ù∕∕¢Ö∞≫ό ©∆ ù°¾∕©∞¾≫
¢ù£≬ ©¾ ù ¢≬è∞ù≫ Σ¾»∕¢˚Ð ◀≫ ¾È°È ©¾ è Èù©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö È¢ù©° ©¾ ©∆ ∕»È∕¾≬ ¾∯ ∯»≫≫¢∞≫ό
≢¾È Σ∆∞¢°ÈùÈ∞≫ό ∞≫©¾ ∯ù≢∞¢∞≬ ¢° èÖ ©£¾ è∞¾¢¾ό∞Σù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©≬Ó ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï £¾»¢°
∆ù℡ ∆ù° ©¾ ≢¾°∞∯Ö ©∆≬ ¢ù£≬ ∞≫ ≬¾≢ £ùÖÐ ◀© °∞° ≫¾© °¾ ≬¾Ð×
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 2= fh >19 )2= fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 58/133
¦ÐÐÐΣ¾≫©∞≫»°˚×
È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬Ó ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ¢∯© ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùã≬ ¥∞≬©∞≫ό °¾≢≬©∞Σ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬∆∞∕ ¢ù£≬ ∞≫©ùΣ©Ð
Ð Ð Ð Ç∆»≬Ó ∞© Σù≫≫¾© è ≬ù∞° ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï éΣ¾≫∯È≉≬∐ ©∆ ∞≫°»Σ≢≫©≬ ¾∯ ≢ùÈ∞©ù¢ Ð Ð Ð
è≫∯∞©≬ ¾≫ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ Ð Ð Ð Ó è»© ≫¾© ¾≫ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ Ð Ð Ð Ðãâ ¦ù¢¢ 軩 ∯∞È≬©
ù¢©Èù©∞¾≫ ∞≫ ¾È∞ό∞≫ù¢˚˚Ð… ù¢≬¾ ≫¾© ©∆ù© ©∆ ‚èÈù≬²ù Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ù≢≫°≢≫© ù© ∞≬≬» ∞≫ ‰∞©∞¸≫≬
°∞° ≫¾© £∞©∆°Èù£ ù≫ ¥∞≬©∞≫ό È∞ό∆© ∯Ⱦ≢ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ù≬ °∞° ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÐ ‰∯Ð
″∞≬≬≫© ù© × ≫Ð×Ð ¦í≉…∐∆∞¢ ©∆ £∞©∆°Èù£ù¢ ¾∯ ù È∞ό∆© ≢ùÖ ≫¾© è ù≫ù¢Ö©∞Σù¢¢Ö
≬∞ό≫∞∯∞Σù≫© ∯¾È Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ È℡∞£Ó ∞© ≢ùÖ ≬©∞¢¢ è ∯ùΣ©»ù¢¢Ö ≬∞ό≫∞∯∞Σù≫©Ðâ˚Ð
ßÅÏß
—¾È¾℡ÈÓ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùã≬ íΣ»ÈÈ≫© ∕¾¢∞Σ∞≬ ù≫° Σ¾≫°»Σ© Ð Ð Ð ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸ ©∆ù© όùÖ
∞≫°∞℡∞°»ù¢≬ ùÈ ∯»¢¢Ö Σù∕ùè¢ ¾∯ Ð Ð Ð È≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢Ö ΣùÈ∞≫ό ∯¾È ù≫° Èù∞≬∞≫ό Σ∆∞¢°È≫Ðâ
—ùÈÈ∞ùό ‰ù≬≬Ó ÛÏÊ ‗ÐÊ° ù© Æ×ÏÐ fi≫° ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ¢ù£ ùΣ©»ù¢¢Ö ∕È∯È≬ ù ≫¾≫ßè∞¾¢¾ό∞Σù¢
∕ùÈ≫© £∆¾ ∆ù≬ ù ∕ùÈ≫©ù¢ È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ £∞©∆ ù Σ∆∞¢° ©¾ ù è∞¾¢¾ό∞Σù¢ ∕ùÈ≫© £∆¾ °¾≬ ≫¾©Á
∞≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÓ ©∆ ∕ùÈ≫©ùό ≬©ù©»©≬ ∕¢ùΣ ù ∕È≢∞»≢ ¾≫ ©∆ í≬¾Σ∞ù¢ È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕Óâ ≫¾©
©∆ íè∞¾¢¾ό∞Σù¢ È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕Óâ è©£≫ ù ∕ùÈ≫© ù≫° ù Σ∆∞¢°Ð ÒÓ ÐόÐÓ Ò»≬ù≫ öÐ ℡Ð ýùΣ²
ÒÐÓ Ê ‰ù¢Ð fi∕∕Ð Æ©∆ ÛÆÊÅÓ ÛÆÆ×ßÆÊ ¦ÛÎÎÆ˚Ð ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ©∆»≬ ∆ù≬ °≢¾≫≬©Èù©° ©∆Ⱦ»ό∆
∞©≬ ¢ù£≬ ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ã ∯∞È≬© Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ Σù≫≫¾© íÈù≬¾≫ùè¢Ö è Σ¾≫Σ∞℡° ©¾ è ©È» èÖ
©∆ ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢ °Σ∞≬∞¾≫≢ù²ÈÓâ ù≫ΣÓ ÆÆ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÛÛÛÐ … £∞¢¢ ≫¾© ΣÈ°∞© ù
∁»≬©∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ ∯¾È ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ©∆ù© ∞≬ ©¾©ù¢¢Ö ∞≫Σ¾≫≬∞≬©≫© £∞©∆ ©∆ ≢ù≬»Èã≬ ùΣ©»ù¢
∯∯Σ© ù≫° £∞©∆ ©∆ ¾∕Èù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùã≬ ∯ù≢∞¢Ö ¢ù£≬ 辩∆ è∯¾È ù≫° ù∯©È ∞©≬
≫ùΣ©≢≫©Ð
‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ã ≬Σ¾≫° ùÈό»≢≫© ∞≬ ©∆ù© ©∆È ∞≬ ≫¾ ≫° ©¾ ∆¾¢° ¾»© ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫
¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ù≬ ù≫ ≫Σ¾»Èùό≢≫© ∯¾È ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©¾ ≫όùό ∞≫ È≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 29 fh >19 )29 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 59/133
—¾È¾℡ÈÓ ý¾∆≫≬¾≫ °∞° ≫¾© ∞≫℡¾¢℡ ù °∞ό≫∞©ùÈÖ è≫∯∞© ©∆ù© £ù≬ £∞©∆°Èù£≫×Û
∯Ⱦ≢ ¾≫ όȾ»∕Ó ≬»Σ∆ ù≬ ù≫ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ ù≫° ≢ù≫∞≫ό∯»¢ ≬©ù© °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ©∆ù© ≬©ùè¢∞≬∆°
©∆ ≬¾Σ∞©ù¢ ≬©ù©»≬ ¾∯ ©∆ ≢≢èÈ≬ ¾∯ ©∆ όȾ»∕Á ∞© Σ¾≫ΣÈ≫° ¾≫¢Ö ù ≬∕Σ∞∯∞Σ ∯¾È≢ ¾∯
ό¾℡È≫≢≫© ù≬≬∞≬©ù≫ΣÐ
ßÅÎß
∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫Ó èΣù»≬ »≫¢∞² ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬Ó ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ∕¾≬ ≫¾ È∞≬² ¾∯
∕ȾΣÈù©∞≫ό ùΣΣ∞°≫©ù¢¢ÖÐ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ Σ¾≫©≫° ©∆ù© ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ≫° ≫¾© ¥©≫° ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό
©¾ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ £∆≫ ©∆ Ò©ù©ã≬ ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ È≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢ ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫ £¾»¢° ≫¾© è
ù°℡ù≫Σ° èÖ °¾∞≫ό ≬¾Ó ℡≫ ∞∯ ©∆ ∞≫©È≬© £¾»¢° ≫¾© è ∆ùÈ≢°Ó ∞©∆ÈÐ Ò ý¾∆≫≬¾≫
℡Ð ő¾è∞≬¾≫Ó ÆÛÅ ÌÐÒÐ ÊÄÛÓ ÊÏÊ ¦ÛÎÉÆ˚ ¦í…∆≫ Ð Ð Ð ©∆ ∞≫Σ¢»≬∞¾≫ ¾∯ ¾≫ όȾ»∕ ∕Ⱦ≢¾©≬
ù ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢ ∕»È∕¾≬Ó ù≫° ©∆ ù°°∞©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ¾©∆È όȾ»∕≬ £¾»¢° ≫¾©Ó £
Σù≫≫¾© ≬ùÖ ©∆ù© ©∆ ≬©ù©»©ã≬ Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ è≫∯∞Σ∞ùÈ∞≬ ù≫° ≫¾≫è≫∯∞Σ∞ùÈ∞≬ ∞≬
∞≫℡∞°∞¾»≬¢Ö °∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©¾ÈÖÐâ˚Ð »© ‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯≬ °¾ ≫¾© ù≬² ©∆ù© ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό è ¥©≫°° ©¾
ù≫Ö¾≫Ð fi≬ £ ∆ù℡ èÖ ≫¾£ ≢ù° Σ¢ùÈÓ ©∆ Ù»≬©∞¾≫ ∞≬ £∆©∆È ©∆È ∞≬ ù ¢ό∞©∞≢ù©
ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢ ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ £∞©∆°Èù£∞≫ό ùΣΣ≬≬ ©¾ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ∯Ⱦ≢ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬Ð …
©∆È∯¾È ≫° ≫¾© °Σ∞° £∆©∆ÈÓ »≫°È ý¾∆≫≬¾≫Ó ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù £¾»¢° è ∁»≬©∞∯∞° ∞≫ ≫¾©
¥©≫°∞≫ό ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ©¾ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬Á ©∆ù© ∞≬ ≫¾© £∆ù©
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï °∞°Ð ý¾∆≫≬¾≫ Σ¾≫ΣÈ≫≬ °Σ∞≬∞¾≫≬ ≫¾© ©¾ ù°° ©¾ ù ¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞℡ ≬Σ∆≢ ù
όȾ»∕ ©∆ù© ∞≬ »≫≫Σ≬≬ùÈÖ ©¾ ©∆ ∕»È∕¾≬≬ ¾∯ ©∆ù© ≬Σ∆≢Ó è»© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ≬»è©ÈùΣ©°
ù °∞≬∯ù℡¾È° όȾ»∕ ∯Ⱦ≢ ù ≬Σ∆≢ ¾∯ £∆∞Σ∆ ∞© ù¢Èù°Ö £ù≬ ù ∕ùÈ©Ð ×Û
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 23 fh >19 )23 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 60/133
ßÄß
Ì≫°È ő¾≢È Ó ∞© ∞≬ ≫¾ ∁»≬©∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ ∯¾È ©ù²∞≫ό ≬¾≢©∆∞≫ό ù£ùÖ ©¾ ≬ùÖ ©∆ù© ©∆È
£ù≬ ≫¾ ≫° ©¾ ∕Ⱦ℡∞° ∞© ∞≫ ©∆ ∯∞È≬© ∕¢ùΣÁ ∞≫≬©ù°Ó ©∆È ≢»≬© è ≬¾≢ ¢ό∞©∞≢ù©
Èù≬¾≫ ∯¾È ©∆ ùΣ© ¾∯ ©ù²∞≫ό ∞© ù£ùÖÓ ù Èù≬¾≫ ©∆ù© ¾℡ÈΣ¾≢≬ ©∆ í∞≫℡∞©ùè¢ ∞≫∯È≫Σ
©∆ù© ©∆ °∞≬ù°℡ù≫©ùό ∞≢∕¾≬° ∞≬ è¾È≫ ¾∯ ù≫∞≢¾≬∞©Ö ©¾£ùÈ° ©∆ Σ¢ù≬≬ ¾∯ ∕È≬¾≫≬
ù∯∯Σ©°Ðâ ő¾≢È Ó ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÄÊÆÐ ◀≫ ¾È°È ©¾ ¥∕¢ù∞≫ ∆¾£ È≬Σ∞≫°∞≫ό ùΣΣ≬≬ ©¾ ©∆
°≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ∞≬ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö È¢ù©° ©¾ ©∆ Ò©ù©ã≬ ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ È≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢
∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫Ó ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ £¾»¢° ∆ù℡ ∆ù° ©¾ ùÈό» ©∆ù© ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ £È ≢¾È
¢∞²¢Ö ©¾ ∕ȾΣÈù© ùΣΣ∞°≫©ù¢¢Ö ¾È ∞ÈÈ≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢Ö £∆≫ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ £È ù¢¢¾£°
ùΣΣ≬≬ ©¾ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÐã … ùÈ ù£ùÈ ¾∯ ≫¾ èù≬∞≬ ¾≫ £∆∞Σ∆ ©∆∞≬
ùÈό»≢≫© £¾»¢° è ℡≫ Σ¾≫Σ∞℡ùè¢Ö ∕¢ù»≬∞è¢Ð Ç∆È ∞≬ ≫¾ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ Èù≬¾≫ ©¾ ©∆∞≫²
©∆ù© ©ù²∞≫ό ù£ùÖ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ∯Ⱦ≢ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ £¾»¢° ù°℡ù≫Σ
©∆ ό¾ù¢ ¾∯ ≫Σ¾»Èùό∞≫ό ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùã≬ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©¾ ∕ȾΣÈù© ≢¾È
È≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢ÖÐ Ç∆ ý¾∆≫≬¾≫ ùÈό»≢≫©Ó ©¾ ∕»© ∞© ≢∞¢°¢ÖÓ °¾≬ ≫¾© ∆¢∕ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ã Σù»≬Ð
Ź∞℡≫ ©∆ Èù¢∞©∞≬ ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ¢ù£Ó ù≫° ¾∯ ∆»≢ù≫ ≫ù©»ÈÓ è¾©∆ ∕ùÈ©≬ ¾∯
‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ã ∕È∞≢ùÈÖ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ ≬∞≢∕¢Ö í∯∞≫° ≉≫¾∐ ∯¾¾©∞≫ό ∞≫ ©∆ Èù¢∞©∞≬ ¾∯ ©∆ ≬»è∁Σ©
ù°°È≬≬° èÖ ©∆ ¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞¾≫Óâ ù≫° ©∆»≬ Σù≫≫¾© è ΣÈ°∞©° ù≬ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢Ð ö¢¢È Ó ÅÎ ÌÐÒÐ
ù© Ê×ÛÐ …∆ù©℡È ≬≫≬ ©∆È ≢ùÖ è ∞≫ ∕È∯ÈÈ∞≫ό è∞¾¢¾ό∞Σù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©≬ ¾℡È ¾©∆È
Σ¾»∕¢≬áù≫° £ ≫° ≫¾© °Σ∞° £∆©∆È ©∆È ∞≬ ù≫Öá‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ¢ù£ Σ¢ùÈ¢Ö °¾≬
≫¾© ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸ ≬»Σ∆ ù ∕È∯È≫ΣÓ ù≫° ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï °∞° ≫¾©∆∞≫ό ©¾ Σ∆ù≫ό ©∆ù©
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 8< fh >19 )8< fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 61/133
ßÄÛß
Σ∞ÈΣ»≢≬©ù≫ΣÐ Ç∆ ≬ù≢ ∞≬ ©È» ∯¾È ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ã ùÈό»≢≫© ©∆ù© ∞© ∞≬ »≫≫Σ≬≬ùÈÖ ©¾
¥©≫° ©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ »≬ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ©¾ Σ¾»∕¢≬ £∆¾ Σù≫≫¾© ∕ȾΣÈù©Ó
èΣù»≬ ©∆ ∕»È∕¾≬ ¾∯ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ∞≬ ©¾ È£ùÈ° Σ¾»∕¢≬ £∆¾ ∕ȾΣÈù© È≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢Ö
¾È ©¾ ≫Σ¾»Èùό Σ¾»∕¢≬ £∆¾ £∞≬∆ ©¾ ∕ȾΣÈù© ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖ ∯∞È≬©Ð …∆ù©℡È ≢È∞© ©∆∞≬
ùÈό»≢≫© ≢ùÖ ∆ù℡áù≫° ùόù∞≫Ó £ ≫° ≫¾© °Σ∞° £∆©∆È ∞© ∆ù≬ ù≫Öá©∆ ùÈό»≢≫©
∞≬ ù°°È≬≬° ©¾ ù ∯ù∞¢»È ©¾ ù∯∯¾È° ©∆ »≬ ¾∯ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ©¾ ≬ù≢ß≬¥
Σ¾»∕¢≬ ∞≫ ©∆ ∯∞È≬© ∕¢ùΣÁ ∞© ∞≬ ∞ÈÈ¢℡ù≫© ©¾ ù ≢ù≬»È £∞©∆°Èù£∞≫ό ∯Ⱦ≢ ©∆≢Ó ù≫°
¾≫¢Ö ©∆≢Ó »≬ ¾∯ ©∆ù© °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫Ð
Ç∆ ≬ù≢ ù≫ù¢Ö≬∞≬ ù∕∕¢∞≬ ©¾ ©∆ ùÈό»≢≫©≬ ¾∯ ≬¾≢ ù≢∞Σ∞ Σ»È∞ù ©∆ù©
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ≫¾© ¾≫¢Ö ∕Ⱦ≢¾©≬ È≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢ ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫ ù≫° Σ∆∞¢°ÈùÈ∞≫ό ù≬ ù ό≫Èù¢
≢ù©©È 軩 ∕Ⱦ≢¾©≬ ©∆ ≬∞≫ό¢ è≬© ∯ù≢∞¢Ö ≬©È»Σ©»È ∯¾È ≬»Σ∆ ùΣ©∞℡∞©∞≬Ð ÒÓ ÐόÐÓ ÈÐ
fi≢∞Σ»≬ ‰»È∞ù ¾∯ ö∞ό∆ ◀≢∕ùΣ© ’ù°È≬∆∞∕ ‰¾ù¢∞©∞¾≫Ó © ù¢Ð ÛÆ ¦íÒ¾Σ∞©Ö ∆ù≬ ù
Σ¾≢∕¢¢∞≫ό ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ ∕È≬È℡∞≫ό ©∆ ∞≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ ©∆ù© è≬© ù°℡ù≫Σ≬ ©∆ ≬¾Σ∞ù¢ ∞≫©È≬©≬
∞≫ È≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢ ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫Ó ù≫° ©∆ù© Σ¾≫≫Σ©≬ ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫ ©¾ È≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢
Σ∆∞¢°ßÈùÈ∞≫όÐâ˚Á ÈÐ fi≢∞Σ»≬ ‰»È∞ù ¾∯ fi≢Ð ‰¾¢¢Ð ¾∯ ‗°∞ù©È∞Σ∞ù≫≬ ÛÅ ¦í≉Ç∐∆ Ò©ù© ∆ù≬
ù ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ ∕Ⱦ≢¾©∞≫ό ©∆ ∯ù≢∞¢Ö ≬©È»Σ©»È ©∆ù© ∆ù≬ ∕Ⱦ℡≫ ≢¾≬© ¢∞²¢Ö ©¾
∯¾≬©È ù≫ ¾∕©∞≢ù¢ ≫℡∞Ⱦ≫≢≫© ∯¾È ©∆ ÈùÈ∞≫ό ¾∯ Σ∆∞¢°È≫Ðâ˚Ð fi≬ °∞≬Σ»≬≬° ùè¾℡Ó
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∞≫ ≫¾ £ùÖ ù¢©È≬ ©∆ ≬©ù© ¢ù£≬ ©∆ù© ό¾℡È≫ Σ∆∞¢°ÈùÈ∞≫ό ù≫° ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫Ð
◀© ≢ù²≬ ≫¾ Σ∆ù≫ό £∞©∆ È≬∕Σ© ©¾ ©∆ ¢ù£≬ ÈόùÈ°∞≫ό ∯ù≢∞¢Ö ≬©È»Σ©»ÈÐ fi≬ è∯¾È
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 8> fh >19 )8> fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 62/133
Ç∆ °∞∯∯È≫Σ è©£≫ £∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï °∞° ©ù² ù£ùÖá¾≫¢Ö ©∆ ≫ù≢××
é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόãáù≫° £∆ù© ∞© ≢∞ό∆© ù¢≬¾ ∆ù℡ ©ù²≫ ù£ùÖáù≫Ö ¾∯ ©∆ ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞℡
í∞≫Σ∞°≫©≬ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόâ ©∆ù© ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ≬©∞¢¢ ≫∁¾Öá∞≫∯¢»≫Σ° ©∆ »≫°È¢Ö∞≫ό
∕¾¢∞©∞Σ≬ ¾∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ù≫° ≬∆ù∕≬ ©∆ èù≬∞Σ ∞≬≬»≬ ∞≫ ©∆∞≬ Σù≬Ð Ç∆ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ ùÈό»≢≫©
∞≫ ∯ù℡¾È ¾∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ ∕»è¢∞≬∆° ∞≫ ©∆ ¾©È ◀≫∯¾È≢ù©∞¾≫ Ź»∞°Ó ≢∕∆ù≬∞¸° ©∆∞≬
°∞≬©∞≫Σ©∞¾≫À í‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï °¾≬≫ã© ©ù² ù£ùÖ ù≫Ö È∞ό∆©≬ ¾È è≫∯∞©≬ ¾∯ όùÖ ¾È ¢≬è∞ù≫
°¾≢≬©∞Σ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬∆∞∕≬Ð Ì≫°È ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ¢ù£Ó é°¾≢≬©∞Σ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬ ≬∆ù¢¢ ∆ù℡ ©∆ ≬ù≢
È∞ό∆©≬Ó ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫≬Ó ù≫° è≫∯∞©≬ã ù≬ ≢ùÈÈ∞° ≬∕¾»≬≬Ð ¦⁋ù≢∞¢Ö ‰¾° s ×ÎÉÐÅÐ˚ Ç∆È
ùÈ ‚‛ ¥Σ∕©∞¾≫≬Ð ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï …◀’’ ‚‛Ç Σ∆ù≫ό ©∆∞≬Ðâ ¾©È ◀≫∯¾È≢ù©∞¾≫ Ź»∞°
ù© ÅÄÐ —¾È¾℡ÈÓ Ò©Èù»≬≬ ¾è≬È℡° í©∆ù© ù≫ ù¢©È≫ù©∞℡Ó ≢»Σ∆ ≢¾È ≬£∕∞≫ό ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡
≢ù≬»Èá∕Ⱦ∕¾≬∞≫ό ©∆ ù°°∞©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ù ≫£ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ≬Σ©∞¾≫ ©∆ù© £¾»¢° ∆ù℡
∕Ⱦ℡∞°° ≫¾© ¾≫¢Ö ©∆ù© é≉¾∐≫¢Ö ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό è©£≫ ¾≫ ≢ù≫ ù≫° ¾≫ £¾≢ù≫ ∞≬ ℡ù¢∞° ¾È
ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸° ∞≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÓã 軩 ù¢≬¾ ©∆ù© é≉≫∐∞©∆È ©∆ ’ό∞≬¢ù©»È ≫¾È ù≫Ö Σ¾»È©Ó
ό¾℡È≫≢≫© ∞≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ó ό¾℡È≫≢≫© ùό≫ΣÖÓ ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ ≬©ù©»©Ó ¢¾Σù¢ ό¾℡È≫≢≫©Ó ¾È ό¾℡È≫≢≫© ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ ≬∆ù¢¢ Ð Ð Ð è≬©¾£ ≬©ù©»©¾ÈÖ È∞ό∆©≬Ó ∞≫Σ∞°≫©≬Ó ¾È ≢∕¢¾Ö è≫∯∞©≬
¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ¾≫ »≫≢ùÈÈ∞° ∞≫°∞℡∞°»ù¢≬ãá£ù≬ Σ∞ÈΣ»¢ù©° ∯¾È ≬∞ό≫ù©»È ù© ©∆ ≬ù≢ ©∞≢
ù≬ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ è»© °∞° ≫¾© ¾è©ù∞≫ ≬»∯∯∞Σ∞≫© ≬∞ό≫ù©»È≬ ©¾ Ù»ù¢∞∯Ö ∯¾È ©∆ èù¢¢¾©Ðâ ×É
‗ÐÊ° ù© ÉÄ ≫ÐÏÐ
ßÄ×ß
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ ©∆¾≬ ¢ù£≬ ù∕∕¢Ö ∞≫ ©∆ ≬ù≢ £ùÖ ©¾ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ∞≫ °¾≢≬©∞Σ
∕ùÈ©≫È≬∆∞∕≬ ù≫° ©¾ ≢ùÈÈ∞° Σ¾»∕¢≬Ð ‛≫¢Ö ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ∞≬ £∞©∆°Èù£≫
ù≫° ¾≫¢Ö ∯Ⱦ≢ ¾≫ όȾ»∕ ¾∯ ∞≫°∞℡∞°»ù¢≬Ð
… ∞≫ ≫¾ £ùÖ ≢ù≫ ©¾ ≬»όό≬© ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï £¾»¢° è Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ∞∯
¾≫¢Ö ∞© ∆ù° ό¾≫ ∯»È©∆Èá∯¾È ¥ù≢∕¢Ó èÖ ù¢≬¾ È∕ù¢∞≫ό ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ã Ù»ù¢
∕ùÈ≫©ù¢ È∞ό∆©≬ ¾È ©∆∞È È∞ό∆©≬ ©¾ ≬∆ùÈ Σ¾≢≢»≫∞©Ö ∕Ⱦ∕È©Ö ¾È ≫∁¾Ö ∆¾≬∕∞©ù¢ ℡∞≬∞©ù©∞¾≫
∕È∞℡∞¢ό≬Ð ‛≫¢Ö ∞∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∆ù° ùΣ©»ù¢¢Ö ∆ù° ù≫Ö ∯∯Σ© ¾≫ Σ∆∞¢°ÈùÈ∞≫ό ¾È
íÈ≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢ ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫â £¾»¢° ∞© è ≫Σ≬≬ùÈÖ ¾È ù∕∕Ⱦ∕È∞ù© ∯¾È »≬ ©¾ Σ¾≫≬∞°È ©∆
¢ό∞©∞≢ùΣÖ ¾∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ã ∕È∞≢ùÈÖ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ ∯¾È ©∆ ≢ù≬»ÈÐ öÈÓ ό∞℡≫ ù¢¢ ¾©∆È ××
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 81 fh >19 )81 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 63/133
ßÄÊß
∕È©∞≫≫© ù≬∕Σ©≬ ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ¢ù£Ó ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ≬∞≢∕¢Ö Σ¾»¢° ≫¾© ∆ù℡ ©∆ ∯∯Σ© ¾≫
∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫ ¾È Σ∆∞¢°èùÈ∞≫ό ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ Σ¢ù∞≢ ∞© ≢∞ό∆© ∆ù℡ è≫ ∞≫©≫°° ©¾ ∆ù℡Ð
fiΣΣ¾È°∞≫ό¢ÖÓ ù≫ ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ È≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢ ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫ ù≫° Σ∆∞¢°èùÈ∞≫ό Σù≫≫¾© ∕Ⱦ℡∞°
ù Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ ∯¾È ©∆ ≢ù≬»ÈÐ
… ù°° ¾≫ ∯∞≫ù¢ ≫¾©Ð Ǿ ©∆ ¥©≫© ©∆ù© ∞© ∆ù≬ è≫ ùÈό»° ©∆ù© £∞©∆°Èù£∞≫ό
∯Ⱦ≢ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ùΣΣ≬≬ ©¾ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόãá£∞©∆¾»© ∞≫ ù≫Ö £ùÖ
ù¢©È∞≫ό ©∆ ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞℡ ¢ù£≬ Σ¾≫ΣÈ≫∞≫ό ©∆∞È È∞ό∆©≬ ÈόùÈ°∞≫ό Σ∆∞¢°ÈùÈ∞≫ό ¾È ∯ù≢∞¢Ö
∯¾È≢ù©∞¾≫á£∞¢¢ ≫Σ¾»Èùό ∆©È¾≬¥»ù¢ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©¾ ≫©È ∞≫©¾ ≢ù©È∞≢¾≫ÖÓ ¾È £∞¢¢
≬©È≫ό©∆≫ ©∆∞È ≢ù©È∞≢¾≫∞ù¢ è¾≫°≬Ó £ è¢∞℡ ©∆ù© ©∆ ‗¾∕¢ ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù íΣ¾»¢°
≫¾© Èù≬¾≫ùè¢Öâ ∆ù℡ íΣ¾≫Σ∞℡°â ≬»Σ∆ ù≫ ùÈό»≢≫© í©¾ è ©È»Ðâ ù≫ΣÓ ÆÆ ÌÐÒÐ ù©
ÛÛÛÐ ◀© ∞≬ ∞≢∕¢ù»≬∞è¢ ©¾ ©∆∞≫² ©∆ù© °≫Ö∞≫ό ©£¾ ≢≫ ¾È ©£¾ £¾≢≫ ©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ Σù¢¢
©∆≢≬¢℡≬ ≢ùÈÈ∞° Σ¾»¢° ≬¾≢∆¾£ è¾¢≬©È ©∆ ≬©ùè∞¢∞©Ö ¾∯ ∯ù≢∞¢∞≬ ∆ù°° èÖ ¾≫
≢ù≫ ù≫° ¾≫ £¾≢ù≫Ð …∆∞¢ °∯È≫©∞ù¢Ó ©∆ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ßèù≬∞≬ ≬©ù≫°ùÈ° í∞≬ ≫¾© ù ©¾¾©∆¢≬≬
¾≫Ðâ —ù©∆£≬ ℡Ð ’»Σù≬Ó Æ×É ÌÐÒÐ ÆÎÅÓ ÅÛ ¦ÛÎÉÄ˚Ð í≉«∐℡≫ ©∆ ≬©ù≫°ùÈ° ¾∯ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢∞©Ö
Ð Ð Ð ≢»≬© ∯∞≫° ≬¾≢ ∯¾¾©∞≫ό ∞≫ ©∆ Èù¢∞©∞≬ ¾∯ ©∆ ≬»è∁Σ© ù°°È≬≬° èÖ ©∆ ¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞¾≫Ðâ
ö¢¢È Ó ÅÎ ÌÐÒÐ ù© Ê×ÛÐ öÈÓ ©∆ ùÈό»≢≫© ©∆ù© £∞©∆°Èù£∞≫ό ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯
é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ∯Ⱦ≢ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ Σ¾»¢° ¾≫ ∞©≬ ¾£≫ ∕Ⱦ≢¾© ©∆ ≬©È≫ό©∆ ¾È ≬©ùè∞¢∞©Ö
¾∯ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ ≢ùÈ∞©ù¢ È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬ ¢ùΣ²≬ ù≫Ö ≬»Σ∆ ∯¾¾©∞≫ό ∞≫ Èù¢∞©ÖÐ
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 87 fh >19 )87 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 64/133
Ç∆ ¾℡È ÛÏÓ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©∆ù© °∞° ≢ùÈÈÖ È∕È≬≫©° ≢¾È ©∆ù≫ ¾≫ß©∆∞È° ¾∯ ×Ê
ù¢¢ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©∆ù© ∆ù° ≫©È° ∞≫©¾ Èό∞≬©È° °¾≢≬©∞Σ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬∆∞∕≬ ∞≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ù© ©∆
©∞≢Ð Ò ŹùÈÖ ýÐ Źù©≬ © ù¢ÐÓ Ç∆ …∞¢¢∞ù≢≬ ◀≫≬©∞©»©Ó —ùÈÈ∞ùόÓ őό∞≬©Èù©∞¾≫ ù≫°
″∞≬≬¾¢»©∞¾≫ èÖ Òù≢ßÒ¥ ‰¾»∕¢≬ ∞≫ ©∆ ÌÐÒÐ Å ¦ý»¢Ö ×Ï˚ ¦≫¾©∞≫ό ©∆ù© ©∆È £È
ÆÏÓÛÅÉ Èό∞≬©È° °¾≢≬©∞Σ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬∆∞∕≬ ∞≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ù≬ ¾∯ Ò∕È∞≫ό ×Ï˚Ð
…∆≫ ©∆ «∞ό∆©≫©∆ fi≢≫°≢≫© £ù≬ Èù©∞∯∞°Ó ©∆ ‚ù©∞¾≫ £ù≬ ≬∞≢∞¢ùÈ¢Ö ≫¾©×Æ
∞≫©È≬©° ∞≫ í∕È¾Σ°∞≫ό £∞©∆ Σù»©∞¾≫â ∞≫ Èù¢¢¾Σù©∞≫ό όÈù∞≫ ∯Ⱦ≢ £ùÈ©∞≢ Èù©∞¾≫≬ ©¾
¦Σ¾≫©∞≫»°ÐÐÐ˚
ßÄÆß
×
‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ¾∯∯È ù≫ ù¢©È≫ù©∞℡ ∁»≬©∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ ∯¾È ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÀ ©∆ù© ∞© ù°℡ù≫Σ≬
‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùã≬ ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ í∕È¾Σ°≉∞≫ό∐ £∞©∆ Σù»©∞¾≫â £∆≫ Σ¾≫≬∞°È∞≫ό Σ∆ù≫ό≬ ©¾ ©∆
°∯∞≫∞©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÐ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ã ÈÐ ÎÊÐ »© ©∆∞≬ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢Ó ©¾¾Ó èùÈ≬ ≫¾ Σ¾≫≫Σ©∞¾≫
©¾ ©∆ Èù¢∞©Ö ¾∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÐ Ç∆ ù≢≫°≢≫© £ù≬ ≫ùΣ©° ù∯©È ©∆ Ò©ù© ∆ù°
∕Ⱦ℡∞°° ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖ ù≫° ù∯©È ≢¾È ©∆ù≫ ÛÏÓ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ∆ù°
≢ùÈÈ∞° ¦ù≫° È≢ù∞≫ ≢ùÈÈ∞° ℡≫ ù∯©È ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ Ò©Èù»≬≬Ó ×É ‗ÐÊ° ù© Û××˚Ð×Ê
‗È∆ù∕≬ £∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ≢ù≫ ∞≬ ©∆ù© ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ∆ù° ù≫ ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ ∕ù»≬∞≫ό ù©
ÛÏÓ ≢ùÈÈ∞° ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©¾ ℡ù¢»ù© £∆©∆È ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ≬∆¾»¢°
Σ¾≫©∞≫» ©¾ è ù¢¢¾£° ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖÓ ¾È £∆©∆È ©∆ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό≬ ©∆ù© ∆ù° ù¢Èù°Ö
¾ΣΣ»ÈÈ° £È ∆ù℡∞≫ό ù≫Ö ù°℡È≬ ∞≢∕ùΣ© ¾≫ ≬¾Σ∞©ÖÐ «℡≫ ∞∯ ©∆ù© £È ≬¾Ó ©∆È Σ¾»¢°
è ≫¾ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ Σ¾≫≫Σ©∞¾≫ è©£≫ ©∆ ù≬≬È©° ∕»È∕¾≬ ¾∯ í ∕È¾Σ°∞≫ό £∞©∆ Σù»©∞¾≫â
ù≫° ©∆ ≫ùΣ©≢≫© ¾∯ ù≫ ùè≬¾¢»© èù≫Ó »≫¢∞≢∞©° ∞≫ ©∞≢Ó ¾≫ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ∞≫ ©∆
≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫РǾ ≫ùΣ© ù Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ∕Ⱦ∆∞è∞©∞¾≫ ∞≬ ©¾ ù°¾∕© ù ∯»≫°ù≢≫©ù¢×Æ
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 8; fh >19 )8; fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 65/133
¦ÐÐÐΣ¾≫©∞≫»°˚×Æ
ù¢Σ¾∆¾¢ ∕Ⱦ°»Σ©∞¾≫Ð ◀© ≢ù≫©Ó ∞≫≬©ù°Ó ©¾ ∯∯Σ© ù ∕È≢ù≫≫© èù≫ ¾≫ ù¢Σ¾∆¾¢Ð
ßÄÅß
èùÈÈ∞ÈÀ ∞© ≢ù≫≬ ©∆ù© ©∆ ¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞℡ ∕ȾΣ≬≬Ó èÖ £∆∞Σ∆ ∞≫ΣÈ≢≫©ù¢ ∕¾¢∞ΣÖ≢ù²∞≫ό
£¾»¢° ≫¾È≢ù¢¢Ö ∕È¾Σ°Ó ∞≬ Σ¾≢∕¢©¢Ö ∯¾ÈΣ¢¾≬°Ð ‰∯Ð …∞¢¢∞ù≢≬¾≫ ℡Ð ’ ‛∕©∞Σù¢ ¾∯
‛²¢ùÐÓ ◀≫ΣÐÓ ÊÆÏ ÌÐÒÐ ÆÏÊÓ ÆÏÎ ¦ÛÎÅÅ˚ ¦¾è≬È℡∞≫ό ©∆ù© ¢ό∞≬¢ù©»È≬ ≢ùÖ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö
È∯¾È≢ ∕¾¢∞ΣÖ í¾≫ ≬©∕ ù© ù ©∞≢â˚Ð ‛≫Σ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï £ù≬ ≫ùΣ©°Ó ù≫Ö ∯»©»È ≬©∕≬
∯¾È£ùÈ°Ó ∆¾£℡È Σù»©∞¾»≬Ó £¾»¢° ÈÙ»∞È í≫¢∞≬©∞≫ό ©∆ Σ∞©∞¸≫ÈÖ ¾∯ ≉‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù∐ ©¾
ù≢≫° ©∆ Ò©ù© ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫â ¾≫Σ ùόù∞≫Ð ő¾≢È Ó ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÄÊÛÐ
öù° ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∞≢∕¾≬° ≫¾© ù ©¾©ù¢ èù≫ 軩 ù ©∞≢ß≬∕Σ∞∯∞Σ ≢¾Èù©¾È∞»≢ ¾≫
≬ù≢ß≬¥ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό≬Ó °»È∞≫ό £∆∞Σ∆ ©∆ ’ό∞≬¢ù©»È £¾»¢° ∆ù℡ è≫ ù»©∆¾È∞¸° ©¾
Σ¾≫≬∞°È ©∆ Ù»≬©∞¾≫ ∞≫ °©ù∞¢ ¾È ù© ©∆ ≫° ¾∯ £∆∞Σ∆ ©∆ ‗¾∕¢ £¾»¢° ∆ù℡ ∆ù° ©¾
℡¾© ùόù∞≫ ©¾ È≫£ ©∆ èù≫Ó ©∆ ù≢≫°≢≫© ≢∞ό∆© ∕¢ù»≬∞è¢Ö ∆ù℡ è≫ °≬∞ό≫° ©¾
í∕È¾Σ° £∞©∆ Σù»©∞¾≫Ðâ ◀≫ ©∆ù© Σù≬Ó £ £¾»¢° ∆ù℡ ∆ù° ©¾ Σ¾≫≬∞°È £∆©∆È ©∆
¾è∁Σ©∞℡ ¾∯ í∕È¾Σ°≉∞≫ό∐ £∞©∆ Σù»©∞¾≫â £ù≬ ù ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ¾≫Ð »© ©∆ù© ∞≬ ≫¾© £∆ù©
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï °∞°Ð Ç∆ ù≢≫°≢≫© ≬»∕È≬°° ©∆ —ùÈÈ∞ùό ‰ù≬≬ ù≫° ©∆≫ £≫©
∯»È©∆ÈÓ èÖ ∕Ⱦ∆∞è∞©∞≫ό ©∆ ’ό∞≬¢ù©»È ¾È ℡≫ ©∆ ‗¾∕¢ ¦¥Σ∕© èÖ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢
ù≢≫°≢≫©˚ ∯Ⱦ≢ Σ∆¾¾≬∞≫ό ©¾ ≢ù² ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ù℡ù∞¢ùè¢ ©¾ ≬ù≢ß
≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ∞≫ ©∆ ∯»©»ÈÐ Ò»Σ∆ ù ∕È≢ù≫≫© èù≫ Σù≫≫¾© è Èù©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö È¢ù©° ©¾ ù≫
∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ ∕È¾Σ°∞≫ό £∞©∆ Σù»©∞¾≫Ð
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 82 fh >19 )82 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 66/133
◀≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÓ í≉è∐ù¢¢¾© ≬»≢≢ùÈ∞≬ Ð Ð Ð ∞≫ ©∆ é¾©È ◀≫∯¾È≢ù©∞¾≫ Ź»∞°ã ùÈ×Å
ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸° ≬¾»ÈΣ≬ ∯¾È °©È≢∞≫∞≫ό ©∆ ℡¾©È≬ã ∞≫©≫©Ðâ ‗¾∕¢ ℡Ð ŹùÈÈ©© Ó Î× ‰ù¢Ð fi∕∕Ð
Æ©∆ ÛÆÛÉÓ ÛÆ×Ä ¦×Û˚ ¦Σ∞©∞≫ό ö¾°ό≬ ℡Ð Ò»∕ÈÐ ‰©ÐÓ ÎÏ ‗Ð×° ÆÊÊÓ ÆÊÏßÊÎ ¦‰ù¢Ð
ÛÎÎÎ˚˚Ð
ßÄÄß
◀≫ ù≫Ö ℡≫©Ó ∞≫ ¢∞ό∆© ¾∯ ©∆ ¥∕È≬≬ ∕»È∕¾≬ ¾∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ù≫° ©∆ Σù≢∕ù∞ό≫
©¾ ≫ùΣ© ∞©Ó ∞© ∞≬ ≫¾© ΣÈ°∞è¢ ©¾ ≬»όό≬© ©∆ù© í∕È¾Σ°≉∞≫ό∐ £∞©∆ Σù»©∞¾≫â £ù≬ ©∆ Èù≬¾≫
©∆ ℡¾©È≬ ù°¾∕©° ©∆ ≢ù≬»ÈÐ Ç∆ ∕»È∕¾≬ ù≫° ∯∯Σ© ¾∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï £ù≬ í©¾
¢∞≢∞≫ù© ©∆ È∞ό∆© ¾∯ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖ ∞≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùâá≫¾© ©¾ í≬»≬∕≫°â ¾È
í≬©»°Öâ ©∆ù© È∞ό∆©Ð ¾©È ◀≫∯¾È≢ù©∞¾≫ Ź»∞° ù© ÅÆ ¦‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ ‛∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ Ç∞©¢ ù≫°
Ò»≢≢ùÈÖ˚ ¦≢∕∆ù≬∞≬ ù°°°˚Ð Ç∆ ℡¾©È≬ £È ©¾¢° ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï £¾»¢°×Å
í¾℡È©»È≫≉∐â ©∆ —ùÈÈ∞ùό ‰ù≬≬ í©¾ ő«ÒÇ‛ő« ©∆ ≢ù≫∞≫ό ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÐâ ◀°Ð ù© ÅÄ
¦fiÈό»≢≫© ∞≫ ⁋ù℡¾È ¾∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï˚Ð Ç∆ ù℡¾£° ∕»È∕¾≬ ¾∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï £ù≬ ©¾
È©»È≫ £∞©∆ ∆ù≬© ©¾ ù ©∞≢ £∆≫ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ £È èùÈÈ° ∯Ⱦ≢ »≬∞≫ό ©∆ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢
°≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÓã ≫¾© ©¾ ≬©»°Ö ©∆ ≢ù©©È ∯»È©∆È è∯¾È °Σ∞°∞≫ό £∆©∆È ©¾
≢ù² ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ≢¾È Ù»ù¢¢Ö ù℡ù∞¢ùè¢Ð
Ê
… èÈ∞∯¢Ö Σ¾≫≬∞°È ©£¾ ¾©∆È ∕¾©≫©∞ù¢ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢≬ ∯¾È ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ ≫¾© Èù∞≬°
èÖ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ 軩 ¾∯∯È° èÖ ù≢∞Σ∞ Σ»È∞ùÐ ⁋∞È≬© ∞≬ ©∆ ùÈό»≢≫© ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï
ù°℡ù≫Σ° ©∆ Ò©ù©ã≬ ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞≫ό È¢∞ό∞¾»≬ ¢∞èÈ©ÖÐ ÒÓ ÐόÐÓ ÈÐ fi≢∞Σ»≬
‰»È∞ù ¾∯ ©∆ Σ²© ⁋»≫° ∯¾È ő¢∞ό∞¾»≬ ’∞èÈ©Ö ¦Σ²© ÈÐ˚ ×Ð Ç∆È ∞≬ ≫¾ °∞≬∕»©
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 88 fh >19 )88 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 67/133
ßÄÉß
©∆ù© ℡≫ è∯¾È ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ í≫¾ È¢∞ό∞¾≫ ≉£ù≬∐ ÈÙ»∞È° ©¾ Σ∆ù≫ό ∞©≬ È¢∞ό∞¾»≬
∕¾¢∞Σ∞≬ ¾È ∕ÈùΣ©∞Σ≬ £∞©∆ ÈόùÈ° ©¾ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬Ó ù≫° ≫¾ È¢∞ό∞¾»≬ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù≫© ≉£ù≬∐
ÈÙ»∞È° ©¾ ≬¾¢≢≫∞¸ ù ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ∞≫ Σ¾≫©Èù℡≫©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ∆∞≬ ¾È ∆È È¢∞ό∞¾»≬ è¢∞∯≬Ðâ
—ùÈÈ∞ùό ‰ù≬≬Ó ÛÏÊ ‗ÐÊ° ù© ÆÅÛßÅ×Á ≬ Σ²© ÈÐ ÆßÅ ¦ùΣ²≫¾£¢°ό∞≫ό ©∆∞≬ ∕¾∞≫©˚Ð
őù©∆ÈÓ ©∆ È¢∞ό∞¾»≬ߢ∞èÈ©Ö ∞≫©È≬© ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ≬»∕∕¾≬°¢Ö ∕Ⱦ≢¾©° £ù≬ ©¾
°ΣÈù≬ ©∆ ¢∞²¢∞∆¾¾° ©∆ù© È¢∞ό∞¾»≬ ¾Èόù≫∞¸ù©∞¾≫≬ £¾»¢° è ∕≫ù¢∞¸°Ó »≫°È
‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùã≬ ù≫©∞°∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫ ¢ù£≬ ù≫° ¾©∆È ό¾℡È≫≢≫© ∕¾¢∞Σ∞≬ Σ¾≫ΣÈ≫∞≫ό ≬¥»ù¢
¾È∞≫©ù©∞¾≫Ó ∯¾È È∯»≬∞≫ό ©¾ ∕Ⱦ℡∞° ≬È℡∞Σ≬ ©¾ ∯ù≢∞¢∞≬ ∆ù°° èÖ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ ≬∕¾»≬≬Ð
»© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï °∞° ≫¾©∆∞≫ό ©¾ ù∯∯Σ© ©∆¾≬ ¢ù£≬РǾ ©∆ ¥©≫© ©∆ù© ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùã≬
ù≫©∞°∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫ ¢ù£≬ ù∕∕¢Ö ©¾ ℡ùÈ∞¾»≬ ùΣ©∞℡∞©∞≬ ¾∯ È¢∞ό∞¾»≬ ¾Èόù≫∞¸ù©∞¾≫≬Ó ©∆∞È
∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫≬ ù∕∕¢Ö ∞≫ ©∆ ≬ù≢ £ùÖ ù≬ è∯¾ÈÐ fi≢∞Σ»≬ã≬ ùÈό»≢≫© ∞≬ ©∆»≬ ≢¾È ∕Ⱦ∕È¢Ö
Èù° ù≬ ù≫ ù∕∕ù¢ ©¾ ©∆ ’ό∞≬¢ù©»ÈÓ ≬²∞≫ό È∯¾È≢ ¾∯ ©∆ Ò©ù©ã≬ ù≫©∞°∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫
¢ù£≬ ©¾ ∞≫Σ¢»° όÈù©È ùΣΣ¾≢≢¾°ù©∞¾≫≬ ∯¾È È¢∞ό∞¾»≬ ¾Èόù≫∞¸ù©∞¾≫≬Ð ÒÓ ÐόÐÓ Σ²©
ÈÐ Ï ≫ÐÄ ¦íÌ≫¢∞² ≢ù≫Ö ¾©∆È ≬©ù©≬Ó ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ∆ù≬ ≫¾ È¢∞ό∞¾»≬ ¥≢∕©∞¾≫≬ ©¾ ∞©≬
≬©ù©»©¾ÈÖ èù≫≬ ¾≫ ό≫°ÈÓ ≢ùÈ∞©ù¢ ≬©ù©»≬Ó ù≫° ≬¥»ù¢ ¾È∞≫©ù©∞¾≫ °∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫ ∞≫
∕»è¢∞Σ ùΣΣ¾≢≢¾°ù©∞¾≫≬Ðâ˚Ð Ç∆∞≬ ùÈό»≢≫© ∞≬ ∞≫ ≫¾ £ùÖ ù°°È≬≬° èÖ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ù≫°
Σ¾»¢° ≫¾© ∆ù℡ è≫ ©∆ Èù≬¾≫ ∯¾È ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÐ
ÒΣ¾≫° ∞≬ ©∆ ùÈό»≢≫©Ó ∕Ⱦ≢∞≫≫© °»È∞≫ό ©∆ Σù≢∕ù∞ό≫ ©¾ ∕ù≬≬ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ
©∆ù© ∞© £¾»¢° í∕Ⱦ©Σ©≉∐ ¾»È Σ∆∞¢°È≫ ∯Ⱦ≢ è∞≫ό ©ù»ό∆© ∞≫ ∕»è¢∞Σ ≬Σ∆¾¾¢≬ ©∆ù© é≬ù≢ß
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 8= fh >19 )8= fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 68/133
ßÄÏß
≬¥ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ∞≬ ©∆ ≬ù≢ ù≬ ©Èù°∞©∞¾≫ù¢ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÐâ ‗ÈÈÖ ◀ Ó ÉÆ ⁋Ð Ò»∕∕Ð ×° ù© ÎÊÓ
ÎÏÎßÎ ¦Ù»¾©∞≫ό ©∆ ¾©È ◀≫∯¾È≢ù©∞¾≫ Ź»∞° ù© ÅÄ˚ ¦≢∕∆ù≬∞≬ ¾≢∞©©°˚Á ≬ ÈÐ
fi≢∞Σ»≬ ‰»È∞ù ∯¾È ©∆ öù»≬℡ù©È ‗Ⱦ∁Σ© ÛÊßÛÅÐ ¯© ùόù∞≫Ó ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ¢ù£ è¢∞≬ ©∆
∕È≢∞≬ ¾∯ ©∆∞≬ ∁»≬©∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫Ð ¾©∆ è∯¾È ù≫° ù∯©È ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ ≬Σ∆¾¾¢≬ ∆ù℡ ≫¾©
è≫ ÈÙ»∞È° ©¾ ©ùΣ∆ ù≫Ö©∆∞≫ό ùè¾»© ≬ù≢ß≬¥ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÐ Ç∆Ö í≢ùÖ Ð Ð Ð ¢Σ©≉∐ ©¾
¾∯∯È Σ¾≢∕È∆≫≬∞℡ ≬¥»ù¢ ∆ù¢©∆ °»Σù©∞¾≫âÁ ¾≫¢Ö ©∆≫ ≢∞ό∆© ©∆Ö è ÈÙ»∞È° ©¾
í©ùΣ∆ È≬∕Σ© ∯¾È ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ù≫° Σ¾≢≢∞©©° È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬Ðâ ‰ù¢Ð «°»ΣÐ ‰¾°
s ÅÛÎÊʦù˚ߦè˚Ó ¦è˚¦É˚Ð ¾©∆ è∯¾È ù≫° ù∯©È ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ ≬Σ∆¾¾¢≬ ∆ù℡ È©ù∞≫°
Σ¾≫©È¾¢ ¾℡È ©∆ Σ¾≫©≫© ¾∯ ≬»Σ∆ ¢≬≬¾≫≬Ð fi≫° 辩∆ è∯¾È ù≫° ù∯©È ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ
≬Σ∆¾¾¢≬ ù≫° ∞≫°∞℡∞°»ù¢ ©ùΣ∆È≬ ∆ù℡ è≫ ∕Ⱦ∆∞è∞©° ∯Ⱦ≢ ό∞℡∞≫ό ù≫Ö ∞≫≬©È»Σ©∞¾≫ ©∆ù©
°∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©≬ ¾≫ ©∆ èù≬∞≬ ¾∯ ≬¥»ù¢ ¾È∞≫©ù©∞¾≫Á ≫¾£ ù≬ è∯¾ÈÓ ≬©»°≫©≬ Σ¾»¢° ≫¾© è
©ù»ό∆© ©∆ ≬»∕È∞¾È∞©Ö ¾È ∞≫∯È∞¾È∞©Ö ¾∯ ∞©∆È ≬ù≢ß ¾È ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ¾È ¾©∆È
íΣ¾≢≢∞©©° È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬Ðâ ‰ù¢Ð «°»ΣÐ ‰¾° ss ÅÛÅÓ ÅÛÎÊʦè˚¦Æ˚Ð Ç∆ —ùÈÈ∞ùό
‰ù≬≬ ©∆È∯¾È °∞° ≫¾© £ù²≫Ó ù≫° ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï °∞° ≫¾© ≬©È≫ό©∆≫Ó ©∆ È∞ό∆©≬ ¾∯
≬Σ∆¾¾¢≬ ©¾ Σ¾≫©È¾¢ ©∆∞È Σ»ÈÈ∞Σ»¢ù ù≫° ¾∯ ∕ùÈ≫©≬ ©¾ Σ¾≫©È¾¢ ©∆∞È Σ∆∞¢°È≫ã≬ °»Σù©∞¾≫Ð
Ç∆È ∞≬ ù ¢∞≢∞©° ≬≫≬ ∞≫ £∆∞Σ∆ ©∆ ¥©≫≬∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ©¾
≬ù≢ß≬¥ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬∆∞∕≬ ≢∞ό∆© ù¢©È ©∆ Σ¾≫©≫© ¾∯ ©∆ ¢≬≬¾≫≬ ©∆ù© ≬Σ∆¾¾¢≬ Σ∆¾¾≬ ©¾
©ùΣ∆Ð ÒΣ∆¾¾¢≬ ©ùΣ∆ ùè¾»© ©∆ £¾È¢° ù≬ ∞© ∞≬Á £∆≫ ©∆ £¾È¢° Σ∆ù≫ό≬Ó ¢≬≬¾≫≬ Σ∆ù≫όÐ
fi ≬∆∞∯© ∞≫ ©∆ Ò©ù©ã≬ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ¢ù£ ≢ùÖ ©∆È∯¾È ù∯∯Σ© ©∆ Σ¾≫©≫© ¾∯ Σ¢ù≬≬Ⱦ¾≢
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 89 fh >19 )89 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 69/133
ßÄÎß
∞≫≬©È»Σ©∞¾≫ ∁»≬© ù≬ £¾»¢° ©∆ ¢Σ©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ù ≫£ ό¾℡È≫¾ÈÓ ©∆ °∞≬Σ¾℡ÈÖ ¾∯ ù ≫£
Σ∆≢∞Σù¢ ¢≢≫©Ó ¾È ©∆ ù°¾∕©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ù ≫£ ¢ù£ ∕È≢∞©©∞≫ό ≫¾ß∯ù»¢© °∞℡¾ÈΣÀ ≬©»°≫©≬
¢ùÈ≫ ùè¾»© ©∆≬ ù≬ ≢∕∞È∞Σù¢ ∯ùΣ©≬ ¾∯ ©∆ £¾È¢° ùȾ»≫° ©∆≢Ð »© ©¾ ∕Ⱦ©≬© ©∆
©ùΣ∆∞≫ό ¾∯ ©∆≬ ∯ùΣ©≬ ∞≬ ¢∞©©¢ °∞∯∯È≫© ∯Ⱦ≢ ∕Ⱦ©≬©∞≫ό ©∆∞È ℡ÈÖ ¥∞≬©≫ΣÁ ∞© ∞≬ ¢∞²
¾∕∕¾≬∞≫ό ©∆ ¢Σ©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ù ∕ùÈ©∞Σ»¢ùÈ ό¾℡È≫¾È ¾≫ ©∆ όȾ»≫° ©∆ù© ≬©»°≫©≬ £¾»¢° ¢ùÈ≫
ùè¾»© ∆∞≬ ∆¾¢°∞≫ό ¾∯∯∞ΣÓ ¾È ¾∕∕¾≬∞≫ό ©∆ ¢ό∞©∞≢ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ≫¾ß∯ù»¢© °∞℡¾ÈΣ èΣù»≬ ù
©ùΣ∆È ≢∞ό∆© ù¢¢»° ©¾ ©∆ù© ∯ùΣ© ∞∯ ù Σ¾»È≬ ∞≫ ≬¾Σ∞©ù¢ ≬©È»Σ©»È £È ©ù»ό∆© ©¾
όÈù°»ù©∞≫ό ≬≫∞¾È≬Ð Ç∆ ∕Ⱦ≬∕Σ© ¾∯ Σ∆∞¢°È≫ ¢ùÈ≫∞≫ό ùè¾»© ©∆ ¢ù£≬ ¾∯ ©∆ Ò©ù© ù≫°
≬¾Σ∞©Öã≬ ù≬≬≬≬≢≫© ¾∯ ©∆ ¢όù¢ È∞ό∆©≬ ¾∯ ∞©≬ ≢≢èÈ≬ °¾≬ ≫¾© ∕Ⱦ℡∞° ù≫
∞≫°∕≫°≫© Èù≬¾≫ ∯¾È ≬©È∞∕∕∞≫ό ≢≢èÈ≬ ¾∯ ù °∞≬∯ù℡¾È° όȾ»∕ ¾∯ ©∆¾≬ È∞ό∆©≬ ©∆Ö
∕È≬≫©¢Ö ≫∁¾ÖÐ
Æ
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ïã≬ ¾≫¢Ö ∯∯Σ©Ó £ ∆ù℡ ¥∕¢ù∞≫°Ó £ù≬ ©¾ £∞©∆°Èù£ ∯Ⱦ≢ όùÖ≬ ù≫°
¢≬è∞ù≫≬ ©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≢∕¢¾Ö ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ©¾ °≬ΣÈ∞è ©∆∞È Σ¾≢≢∞©©°
È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬ ù≫° ©∆»≬ ©¾ °∕È∞℡ ©∆≢ ¾∯ ù ≬¾Σ∞©ù¢ ≬©ù©»≬ ©∆ù© ù∯∯¾È°≬ °∞ό≫∞©Ö ©¾ ©∆¾≬
È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬Ð ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï Σ¾»¢° ≫¾© ∆ù℡ Èù≬¾≫ùè¢Ö è≫ ≫ùΣ©° ©¾ ∕Ⱦ≢¾©
Σ∆∞¢°ÈùÈ∞≫ό èÖ è∞¾¢¾ό∞Σù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©≬Ó ©¾ ≫Σ¾»Èùό È≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢ ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫Ó ©¾ ∕È¾Σ°
£∞©∆ Σù»©∞¾≫ ∞≫ ≬¾Σ∞ù¢ Σ∆ù≫όÓ ©¾ ∕Ⱦ©Σ© È¢∞ό∞¾»≬ ¢∞èÈ©ÖÓ ¾È ©¾ Σ¾≫©È¾¢ ©∆ °»Σù©∞¾≫
¾∯ ≬Σ∆¾¾¢Σ∆∞¢°È≫Ð Ò∞≢∕¢Ö ©ù²∞≫ό ù£ùÖ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÓã £∆∞¢ ¢ù℡∞≫ό
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 83 fh >19 )83 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 70/133
ßÉß
∞≫ ∕¢ùΣ ù¢¢ ©∆ ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞℡ È∞ό∆©≬ ù≫° È≬∕¾≫≬∞è∞¢∞©∞≬ ¾∯ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬Ó °∞° ≫¾© °¾
ù≫Ö ¾∯ ©∆ ©∆∞≫ό≬ ∞©≬ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ≫¾£ ≬»όό≬© £È ∞©≬ ∕»È∕¾≬≬Ð ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï í∞≬ ≬¾
∯ùÈ È≢¾℡° ∯Ⱦ≢ ©∆≬ ∕ùÈ©∞Σ»¢ùÈ ∁»≬©∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫≬ ©∆ù© £ ∯∞≫° ∞© ∞≢∕¾≬≬∞è¢ ©¾ ΣÈ°∞©
©∆≢Ðâ ő¾≢È Ó ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÄÊÅÐ … ©∆È∯¾È ≫° ≫¾©Ó ù≫° °¾ ≫¾©Ó °Σ∞° £∆©∆È ù≫Ö
¾∯ ©∆≬ ∕»È∕¾È©° Èù©∞¾≫ù¢≬ ∯¾È ©∆ ¢ù£ £¾»¢° è í¢ό∞©∞≢ù©Óâ ∞°Ð ù© ÄÊ×Ó ¾È £¾»¢°
≬»∯∯∞Σ ©¾ ∁»≬©∞∯Ö ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∞∯ ©∆ ù≢≫°≢≫© ùΣ©»ù¢¢Ö ≬È℡° ©¾ ∯»È©∆È ©∆≢Ð
«
Û
… ùÈ ¢∯© ©¾ Σ¾≫≬∞°È £∆Ö ¢≬ ©∆ ‗¾∕¢ ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ≢∞ό∆© ∆ù℡ ≫ùΣ©°
ù Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ù≢≫°≢≫© ©∆ù© ©ù²≬ ù£ùÖ ∯Ⱦ≢ όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬ ©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ »≬ ©∆
°≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÐã ‛≫ ¥∕¢ù≫ù©∞¾≫ ∞≬ ©∆ °≬∞È ©¾ È℡È© ©¾ ©∆ £ùÖ ©∆∞≫ό≬
£È ∕È∞¾È ©¾ ©∆ —ùÈÈ∞ùό ‰ù≬≬Ó £∆≫ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã £ù≬ ù℡ù∞¢ùè¢ ¾≫¢Ö ©¾ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥
Σ¾»∕¢≬Ó ù≬ ∆ù° è≫ ©∆ Σù≬ ≬∞≫Σ ©∆ ∯¾»≫°∞≫ό ¾∯ ©∆ Ò©ù© ù≫° ∞≫ ¾©∆È ∁»È∞≬°∞Σ©∞¾≫≬
¢¾≫ό è∯¾È ©∆ù©Ð Ç∆∞≬ ∕»È∕¾≬ ∞≬ ¾≫ ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ùΣ©»ù¢¢Ö °∞° ùΣΣ¾≢∕¢∞≬∆À ∞©
íÈ≬©¾È≉°∐ ©∆ ©Èù°∞©∞¾≫ù¢ °∯∞≫∞©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ù≬ È∯ÈÈ∞≫ό ©¾ ù »≫∞¾≫ è©£≫ ù ≢ù≫
ù≫° ù £¾≢ù≫Ðâ Ò©Èù»≬≬Ó ×É ‗ÐÊ° ù© ÉÄÐ »© ©Èù°∞©∞¾≫ ù¢¾≫ ∞≬ ≫¾© ù ∁»≬©∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ ∯¾È
©ù²∞≫ό ù£ùÖ ù È∞ό∆© ©∆ù© ∆ù° ù¢Èù°Ö è≫ όÈù≫©°Ó ℡≫ ©∆¾»ό∆ ©∆ù© όÈù≫© £ù≬ ∞≫
°È¾όù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©Èù°∞©∞¾≫Ð ◀≫ ő¾≢È Ó ∞© °∞° ≫¾© ≢ù©©È ©∆ù© ù© Σ¾≢≢¾≫ ¢ù£Ó όùÖ≬ ù≫°
¢≬è∞ù≫≬ £È ù∯∯¾È°° ≫¾ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ∯Ⱦ≢ °∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫ ∞≫ ©∆ ∕È∞℡ù© ≬∕∆ÈÁ
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 =< fh >19 )=< fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 71/133
ßÉÛß
fi≢≫°≢≫© × Σ¾»¢° ≫¾© è ∁»≬©∞∯∞° ¾≫ ©∆ èù≬∞≬ ©∆ù© ∞© ≬∞≢∕¢Ö È∕ù¢° ∕¾≬∞©∞℡ ¢ù£
ù≫° È≬©¾È° ©∆ í©Èù°∞©∞¾≫ù¢â ≬©ù© ¾∯ ù∯∯ù∞È≬Ð ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ ù© Ä×Éß×ÎÐ ‗ÈΣ∞≬¢Ö ©∆ ≬ù≢
∞≬ ©È» ∆ÈÐ
’ù£≬ ≢ùÖ è È∕ù¢° ù≫° ≫£ È∞ό∆©≬ ©ù²≫ ù£ùÖ ∞∯ ©∆Ö ∆ù℡ ∆ù° »≫∞≫©≫°°
Σ¾≫≬Ù»≫Σ≬ ¾È ∞∯ ©∆È ∞≬ ≬¾≢ Σ¾≫Σ∞℡ùè¢ ù∯∯∞È≢ù©∞℡ ό¾¾° ©∆ù© È℡¾Σù©∞¾≫ £¾»¢°
∕Ⱦ°»ΣÓ Σ∯Ð ‰Èù£∯¾È° Ó ÆÅÏ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÅÊÎßÆÓ è»© ≫£ È∞ό∆©≬ ≢ùÖ ≫¾© è ≬©È∞∕∕° ù£ùÖ
≬¾¢¢Ö èΣù»≬ ©∆Ö ùÈ ≫£Ð ÇÈù°∞©∞¾≫ ∞≬ ù ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© Σ¾≫≬∞°Èù©∞¾≫ ∞≫ ∕¾¢∞ΣÖ≢ù²∞≫όÓ
¾∯ Σ¾»È≬Ó è»© ∞© Σù≫≫¾© è ù≫ ≫° »≫©¾ ∞©≬¢∯Ð ‰∯Ð …∞¢¢∞ù≢≬ ℡Ð ◀¢¢∞≫¾∞≬Ó ÊÎÎ ÌÐÒÐ ×ÊÅÓ
×ÊÎßÆ ¦ÛÎÉ˚Ð í≉Ç∐∆ ∯ùΣ© ©∆ù© ©∆ ό¾℡È≫∞≫ό ≢ù∁¾È∞©Ö ∞≫ ù Ò©ù© ∆ù≬ ©Èù°∞©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö
℡∞£° ù ∕ùÈ©∞Σ»¢ùÈ ∕ÈùΣ©∞Σ ù≬ ∞≢≢¾Èù¢ ∞≬ ≫¾© ù ≬»∯∯∞Σ∞≫© Èù≬¾≫ ∯¾È »∕∆¾¢°∞≫ό ù ¢ù£
∕Ⱦ∆∞è∞©∞≫ό ©∆ ∕ÈùΣ©∞ΣÁ ≫∞©∆È ∆∞≬©¾ÈÖ ≫¾È ©Èù°∞©∞¾≫ Σ¾»¢° ≬ù℡ ù ¢ù£ ∕Ⱦ∆∞è∞©∞≫ό
≢∞≬Σό≫ù©∞¾≫ ∯Ⱦ≢ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ù©©ùΣ²Ðâ ’ù£È≫Σ ℡Рǥù≬Ó ÅÊÎ ÌÐÒÐ ÅÅÏÓ ÅÉÉßÉÏ
¦×Ê˚Á ≬ ’¾℡∞≫ό ℡Ð ∞Èό∞≫∞ùÓ ÊÏÏ ÌÐÒÐ Û ¦ÛÎÄÉ˚ ¦≫¾©∞≫ό ©∆ ∆∞≬©¾È∞Σù¢ ∕°∞όÈ ¾∯
èù≫≬ ¾≫ ∞≫©ÈÈùΣ∞ù¢ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό 軩 ≫¾© ℡≫ Σ¾≫≬∞°È∞≫ό ©Èù°∞©∞¾≫ ù≬ ù ∕¾≬≬∞è¢
∁»≬©∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ ∯¾È ∞Èό∞≫∞ùã≬ ¢ù£˚Ð ◀∯ ©Èù°∞©∞¾≫ ù¢¾≫ ∞≬ ∞≫≬»∯∯∞Σ∞≫© ©¾ ∁»≬©∞∯Ö ≢ù∞≫©ù∞≫∞≫ό
ù ∕Ⱦ∆∞è∞©∞¾≫ £∞©∆ ù °∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©¾ÈÖ ∯∯Σ©Ó ©∆≫ ∞© ∞≬ ≫Σ≬≬ùÈ∞¢Ö ∞≫≬»∯∯∞Σ∞≫© ©¾ ∁»≬©∞∯Ö
Σ∆ù≫ό∞≫ό ©∆ ¢ù£ ©¾ È℡È© ©¾ ù ∕È℡∞¾»≬ ≬©ù©Ð fi ∕È∯È≫Σ ∯¾È ©∆ £ùÖ ©∆∞≫ό≬ £È
è∯¾È ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ £È ù¢¢¾£° ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖÓ £∞©∆¾»© ù≫Ö ∞°≫©∞∯∞ùè¢ ό¾¾° ©∆ù© ù
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 => fh >19 )=> fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 72/133
ßÉ×ß
È©»È≫ ©¾ ©∆ ∕ù≬© £¾»¢° ∕Ⱦ°»ΣÓ ù≢¾»≫©≬ ©¾ ù≫ ∞≢∕È≢∞≬≬∞è¢ ∕È∯È≫Σ ùόù∞≫≬©
≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©∆≢≬¢℡≬Ó ù≬ £¢¢ ù≬ ©∆∞È ∯ù≢∞¢∞≬Ð
fiè≬≫© ù≫Ö ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ∕»È∕¾≬ ∯¾È ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ £ ùÈ ¢∯© £∞©∆ í©∆ ∞≫℡∞©ùè¢
∞≫∯È≫Σ ©∆ù© ©∆ °∞≬ù°℡ù≫©ùό ∞≢∕¾≬° ∞≬ è¾È≫ ¾∯ ù≫∞≢¾≬∞©Ö ©¾£ùÈ°Óâ ¾ÈÓ ù≬ ∞≬ ≢¾È
¢∞²¢Ö £∞©∆ È≬∕Σ© ©¾ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù≫≬ £∆¾ ℡¾©° ∯¾È ©∆ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫Ó ≢È °∞≬ù∕∕Ⱦ℡ù¢
¾∯Ó í©∆ Σ¢ù≬≬ ¾∯ ∕È≬¾≫≬ ù∯∯Σ©°Ðâ ő¾≢È Ó ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÄÊÆÐ … °¾ ≫¾© ≢ù≫ ©¾
≬»όό≬© ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∞≬ ©∆ È≬»¢© ¾∯ ∞¢¢ £∞¢¢ ¾≫ ©∆ ∕ùÈ© ¾∯ ©∆ ℡¾©È≬ ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÐ
í‗È∁»°∞ΣÓ £ ùÈ èό∞≫≫∞≫ό ©¾ »≫°È≬©ù≫°Ó È∞≬≬ ≫¾© ∯Ⱦ≢ ≢ù¢∞Σ ¾È ∆¾≬©∞¢ ù≫∞≢»≬
ù¢¾≫Ðâ °Ð ¾∯ ÇÈ»≬©≬ ¾∯ Ì≫∞℡Ð ¾∯ fi¢ùÐ ℡Ð ŹùÈÈ©© Ó ÅÊÛ ÌÐÒÐ ÊÅÄÓ ÊÉÆ ¦×Û˚
¦–≫≫°ÖÓ ýÐÓ Σ¾≫Σ»ÈÈ∞≫ό˚Ð ″∞≬ù∕∕Ⱦ℡ù¢ ≢ùÖ ù¢≬¾ è ©∆ ∕Ⱦ°»Σ© ¾∯ ¢¾≫ό≬©ù≫°∞≫όÓ
≬∞≫ΣÈ¢Ö ∆¢° ∕È∞℡ù© è¢∞∯≬Ð Ò©∞¢¢Ó £∆∞¢ í≉∕∐È∞℡ù© è∞ù≬≬ ≢ùÖ è ¾»©≬∞° ©∆ ÈùΣ∆
¾∯ ©∆ ¢ù£Ó Ð Ð Ð ©∆ ¢ù£ Σù≫≫¾©Ó °∞ÈΣ©¢Ö ¾È ∞≫°∞ÈΣ©¢ÖÓ ό∞℡ ©∆≢ ∯∯Σ©Ðâ ‗ù¢≢¾È ℡Ð
Ò∞°¾©∞Ó ÆÄÄ ÌÐÒÐ Æ×ÎÓ ÆÊÊ ¦ÛÎÏÆ˚Р̢©∞≢ù©¢ÖÓ ©∆ í∞≫℡∞©ùè¢ ∞≫∯È≫Σâ £ ≢»≬© °Èù£
∞≫ ©∆∞≬ Σ∞ÈΣ»≢≬©ù≫Σ ∞≬ ≫¾© ¾≫ ¾∯ ∞¢¢ £∞¢¢Ó 軩 Èù©∆È ¾≫ ¾∯ °∞≬ù∕∕Ⱦ℡ù¢ ¾∯ όùÖ≬ ù≫°
¢≬è∞ù≫≬ ù≬ ù Σ¢ù≬≬Ð í≉’∐ù£≬ ≬∞≫ό¢∞≫ό ¾»© ù ΣÈ©ù∞≫ Σ¢ù≬≬ ¾∯ Σ∞©∞¸≫≬ ∯¾È °∞≬∯ù℡¾È° ¢όù¢
≬©ù©»≬ ¾È ό≫Èù¢ ∆ùÈ°≬∆∞∕≬ ùÈ ÈùÈÐâ ő¾≢È Ó ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÄÊÊÐ Ì≫°È ő¾≢È Ó £ ≢»≬©
∞≫∯È ∯Ⱦ≢ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ïã≬ ∯∯Σ© ¾≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ¢ù£ ©∆ù© ©∆ ‗¾∕¢ ©¾¾² ù£ùÖ ∯Ⱦ≢
όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬ ©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ »≬ ©∆ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόãáù≫° ©∆
≬¾Σ∞©ù¢ ≬©ù©»≬ ©∆ù© ùΣΣ¾≢∕ù≫∞≬ ∞©áèΣù»≬ ©∆Ö °∞≬ù∕∕Ⱦ℡° ¾∯ ©∆≬ ∞≫°∞℡∞°»ù¢≬ ù≬
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 =1 fh >19 )=1 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 73/133
ßÉÊß
ù Σ¢ù≬≬ ù≫° °∞° ≫¾© £∞≬∆ ©∆≢ ©¾ ÈΣ∞℡ ©∆ ≬ù≢ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ ÈΣ¾ό≫∞©∞¾≫ ù≫° ≬¾Σ∞©ù¢
ù∕∕Ⱦ℡ù¢ ¾∯ ©∆∞È Σ¾≢≢∞©©° È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬ ©∆ù© ©∆ Ò©ù© ≢ù²≬ ù℡ù∞¢ùè¢ ©¾ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß
≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬Ð
◀© £∞¢¢ ≫¾© °¾ ©¾ ≬ùÖ ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï £ù≬ ∞≫©≫°° ¾≫¢Ö ©¾ °∞≬ù∕∕Ⱦ℡ ¾∯ ≬ù≢ß
≬¥ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÓ Èù©∆È ©∆ù≫ ©¾ ∕ù≬≬ ∁»°ό≢≫© ¾≫ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ù≬ ∕¾∕¢Ð ý»≬© ù≬ ©∆
ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù¢∞¸ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ í∆¾≢¾≬¥»ù¢ Σ¾≫°»Σ© Ð Ð Ð ∞≬ ù≫ ∞≫℡∞©ù©∞¾≫ ©¾ ≬»è∁Σ© ∆¾≢¾≬¥»ù¢
∕È≬¾≫≬ ©¾ °∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫ 辩∆ ∞≫ ©∆ ∕»è¢∞Σ ù≫° ∞≫ ©∆ ∕È∞℡ù© ≬∕∆È≬Óâ ’ù£È≫ΣÓ
ÅÊÎ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÅÉÅÓ ≬¾ ©¾¾ °¾≬ ©∆ ¢∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ »≬ ©∆ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫
¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã ∯¾È ©∆ È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬ ¾∯ Σ¾≢≢∞©©° ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ≬≫° ù ≢≬≬ùό ©∆ù©
όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬ ùÈ ¾∯ ¢≬≬È £¾È©∆ ù≬ ù Σ¢ù≬≬á©∆ù© ©∆Ö ≫∁¾Ö ù ¢≬≬È ≬¾Σ∞©ù¢
≬©ù©»≬Ð ◀≫°°Ó èΣù»≬ ¢ù£≬ ù∯∯Σ©∞≫ό όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬ã È∞ό∆©≬ ¾∯©≫ Èό»¢ù©
∞≫°∞℡∞°»ù¢ Σ¾≫°»Σ©á£∆ù© ≬¥»ù¢ ùΣ©∞℡∞©Ö ∕¾∕¢ ≢ùÖ »≫°È©ù² ∞≫ ©∆ ∕È∞℡ùΣÖ ¾∯ ©∆∞È
¾£≫ ∆¾≢≬Ó ¾È £∆¾ ∞≬ ∕È≢∞©©° ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖ £∆¾≢áù≬ ≢»Σ∆ ù≬ ©∆Ö Èό»¢ù© ≬©ù©»≬Ó ©∆
Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ∆ù≬ í°Σ¢∞≫° ©¾ °∞≬©∞≫ό»∞≬∆ è©£≫ ≬©ù©»≬ ù≫° Σ¾≫°»Σ© ∞≫ ≉©∆∐
Σ¾≫©¥©â ¾∯ ≬¥»ù¢ ¾È∞≫©ù©∞¾≫Ð ‰∆È∞≬©∞ù≫ ’όù¢ Ò¾ΣãÖ ℡Ð —ùÈ©∞≫¸ Ó ÛÊ ÒÐ ‰©Ð ×ÎÉÛÓ
×ÎÎ ¦×Û˚Ð Ö £∞©∆°Èù£∞≫ό ©∆ ù℡ù∞¢ùè∞¢∞©Ö ¾∯ ©∆ ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸° °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯
é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÓã ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ≫ùΣ©≬ ≫¾©∆∞≫ό ≢¾È ¾È ¢≬≬ ©∆ù≫ ù ∁»°ό≢≫© ùè¾»© ©∆ £¾È©∆
ù≫° °∞ό≫∞©Ö ¾∯ όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬ ù≬ ù Σ¢ù≬≬Ð
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 =7 fh >19 )=7 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 74/133
ßÉÆß
ý»≬© ù≬ ù í°≬∞È ©¾ ∆ùÈ≢ Ð Ð Ð Σù≫≫¾© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»© ù ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢
∞≫©È≬©Óâ —¾È≫¾Ó ÆÛÊ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÅÊÆÓ ≫∞©∆È Σù≫ ù ≢¾È èù≬∞Σ °∞≬ù∕∕Ⱦ℡ù¢ ¾∯ ù Σ¢ù≬≬ ¾∯
∕¾∕¢Ð ő¾≢È Ó ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÄÊÊßÊÅÐ íÇ∆ ∞≬≬» ∞≬ £∆©∆È ©∆ ≢ù∁¾È∞©Ö ≢ùÖ »≬ ©∆
∕¾£È ¾∯ ©∆ Ò©ù© ©¾ ≫∯¾ÈΣ ©∆≬ ℡∞£≬ ¾≫ ©∆ £∆¾¢ ≬¾Σ∞©Öâ ©∆Ⱦ»ό∆ ù ¢ù£ ©∆ù©
ùèÈ∞°ό≬ ≢∞≫¾È∞©Ö ∞≫°∞℡∞°»ù¢≬ã È∞ό∆©≬Ð ’ù£È≫ΣÓ ÅÊÎ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÅÉÛÐ ◀© ≢ùÖ ≫¾©Ð …∞©∆¾»©
≢¾ÈÓ í≉≢∐¾Èù¢ °∞≬ù∕∕Ⱦ℡ù¢ ¾∯ ≉ù∐ όȾ»∕Ó ¢∞² ù èùÈ °≬∞È ©¾ ∆ùÈ≢ ©∆ όȾ»∕Ó ∞≬ ù≫
∞≫©È≬© ©∆ù© ∞≬ ∞≫≬»∯∯∞Σ∞≫© ©¾ ≬ù©∞≬∯Ö Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ È℡∞£ »≫°È ©∆ «Ù»ù¢ ‗Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫
‰¢ù»≬Ðâ ◀°Ð ù© ÅÏ× ¦‛㉾≫≫¾ÈÓ ýÐÓ Σ¾≫Σ»ÈÈ∞≫ό˚Ð Ò¾Σ∞©Ö °¾≬ ≬¾≢©∞≢≬ °Èù£
Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫≬ ©∆ù© ¢∞²¢Ö ùÈ È¾¾©° ∕ùÈ©∞ù¢¢Ö ∞≫ °∞≬ù∕∕Ⱦ℡ù¢Ó ≬»Σ∆ ù≬ ù ¢ù£ ©∆ù© όÈù≫©≬
°»Σù©∞¾≫ù¢ è≫∯∞©≬ ©¾ ℡©Èù≫≬ 軩 °≫∞≬ ©∆≢ ©¾ Σ¾≫≬Σ∞≫©∞¾»≬ ¾è∁Σ©¾È≬ £∆¾
≫όùό° ∞≫ ù¢©È≫ù©∞℡ Σ∞℡∞¢∞ù≫ ≬È℡∞ΣÐ Ò ý¾∆≫≬¾≫Ó ÆÛÅ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÊÄ×ßÄÆÐ Ç∆¾≬
Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫≬ £∞¢¢ ≫¾© è ∞≫℡ù¢∞°ù©° ≬¾ ¢¾≫ό ù≬ ©∆Ö Σù≫ è ∁»≬©∞∯∞° èÖ È∯È≫Σ ©¾
≬¾≢ ∞≫°∕≫°≫© ∕»È∕¾≬ ©∆Ö ≬È℡Á ∞≫ ý¾∆≫≬¾≫Ó ©∆Ö Σ¾»¢° ∕Ⱦ℡∞° ù≫ ∞≫Σ≫©∞℡ ∯¾È
≢∞¢∞©ùÈÖ ≬È℡∞Σ ù≫° °∞ÈΣ© ù≬≬∞≬©ù≫Σ ©¾ ©∆¾≬ £∆¾ ≫°° ©∆ ≢¾≬© ∆¢∕ ∞≫ Èù°∁»≬©∞≫ό
©¾ ∕¾≬©ß£ùÈ ¢∞∯Ó ≬ ∞°Ð ù© ÊÉÄßÏÊÐ «≫ùΣ©∞≫ό ù È»¢ ∞≫©¾ ¢ù£ èù≬° ≬¾¢¢Ö ¾≫ ©∆
°∞≬ù∕∕Ⱦ℡ù¢ ¾∯ ù όȾ»∕Ó ∆¾£℡ÈÓ í∞≬ ù Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ∕È≬¾≫≬ »≫°È©ù²≫ ∯¾È ∞©≬ ¾£≫
≬ù²Ó ≬¾≢©∆∞≫ό ©∆ «Ù»ù¢ ‗Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ‰¢ù»≬ °¾≬ ≫¾© ∕È≢∞©Ðâ ő¾≢È Ó ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ ù©
ÄÊÅÐ ’∞² fi≢≫°≢≫© ×Ó ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∞≬ ù Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬
»≫°È©ù²≫ ∯¾È ∞©≬ ¾£≫ ≬ù²Ð
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 =; fh >19 )=; fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 75/133
fi Σ¾≫©¥©»ù¢ ℡ù¢»ù©∞¾≫ ∞≬ 辩∆ »≬∯»¢ ù≫° ù∕∕Ⱦ∕È∞ù© ù≬ ∕ùÈ© ¾∯ ©∆ íΣùÈ∯»¢×Ä
Σ¾≫≬∞°Èù©∞¾≫â ∞≫ £∆∞Σ∆ Σ¾»È©≬ ≢»≬© ≫όùό £∆≫ ∯ùΣ° £∞©∆ í≉°∐∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫≬ ¾∯ ù≫
»≫»≬»ù¢ Σ∆ùÈùΣ©ÈÐâ ő¾≢È Ó ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÄÊÊ ¦∞≫©È≫ù¢ Ù»¾©ù©∞¾≫ ≢ùȲ≬ ¾≢∞©©°˚Á ≬ —¾È≫¾Ó ÆÛÊ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÅÊÊßÊÏÐ …∆≫ ù ¢ù£ ∞≬ ≫ùΣ©° èÖ èù¢¢¾© ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡Ó £ ¢¾¾² ©¾
¾è∁Σ©∞℡ ∞≫°∞Σù©¾È≬ ¾∯ ©∆ ℡¾©È≬ã ≢¾©∞℡ù©∞¾≫≬Ó ≬»Σ∆ ù≬ Σù≢∕ù∞ό≫ ≢ù©È∞ù¢≬Ó ©¾ ≬∆°
¢∞ό∆© ¾≫ ©∆ í∆∞≬©¾È∞Σù¢ Σ¾≫©¥©Ðâ ÒÐ fi¢ù≢°ù Ò∕ù≫∞≬∆ Ò∕ù²∞≫ό ‛ÈόÐ ℡Ð Ì≫∞¾≫ ‰∞©ÖÓ Æ×Æ
⁋Ð×° ×ÎÛÓ ×ÎÅ ¦Î©∆ ‰∞ÈÐ ÛÎÉ˚Á ≬Ó ÐόÐÓ …ù≬∆∞≫ό©¾≫Ó ÆÅÏ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÆÄÊÐ
ßÉÅß
×
Ç∆ í∞≫∯È≫Σâ ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï £ù≬ è¾È≫ ¾∯ °∞≬ù∕∕Ⱦ℡ù¢ ¾∯ όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬
∞≬ ∆∞ό∆©≫° èÖ ℡∞°≫Σ ¾∯ ©∆ Σ¾≫©¥© ∞≫ £∆∞Σ∆ ©∆ ≢ù≬»È £ù≬ ∕ù≬≬°Ð Ç∆×Ä
°∞≬©È∞Σ© Σ¾»È© ∯¾»≫° ©∆ù© í≉©∐∆ Σù≢∕ù∞ό≫ ©¾ ∕ù≬≬ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï È¢∞° ¾≫ ≬©È¾©Ö∕≬
©¾ ≬∆¾£ ©∆ù© ≬ù≢ß≬¥ È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬ ùÈ ∞≫∯È∞¾È ©¾ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬Ðâ ‗ÈÈÖ
◀ Ó ÉÆ ⁋Ð Ò»∕∕Ð ×° ù© ÎÎРǢ℡∞≬∞¾≫ ù≫° ∕È∞≫© ù°℡È©∞≬≢≫©≬ í∯¾Σ»≬° ¾≫ Ð Ð Ð ©∆
Σ¾≫ΣÈ≫ ©∆ù© ∕¾∕¢ ¾∯ ∯ù∞©∆ ù≫° È¢∞ό∞¾»≬ όȾ»∕≬ £¾»¢° ≬¾≢∆¾£ è ∆ùÈ≢° èÖ ©∆
ÈΣ¾ό≫∞©∞¾≫ ¾∯ όùÖ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόâ ù≫° íΣ¾≫℡Ö° ù ≢≬≬ùό ©∆ù© όùÖ ∕¾∕¢ ù≫°
È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬ ùÈ ∞≫∯È∞¾ÈÓ ©∆ù© ∆¾≢¾≬¥»ù¢∞©Ö ∞≬ »≫°≬∞Èùè¢ ù≫° ©∆ù© Σ∆∞¢°È≫ ≫° ©¾
è ∕Ⱦ©Σ©° ∯Ⱦ≢ ¥∕¾≬»È ©¾ όùÖ ∕¾∕¢ ù≫° ©∆∞È È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬Ðâ ◀° Ð Ç∆≬ ≢≬≬ùό≬
£È ≫¾© ΣÈù∯©° ùΣΣ∞°≫©ù¢¢ÖÐ Ç∆ ≬©Èù©ό∞≬©≬ È≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢ ∯¾È ©∆ Σù≢∕ù∞ό≫ ∞≫ ∯ù℡¾È ¾∯
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ¢ù©È ¥∕¢ù∞≫° ©∆∞È ù∕∕ȾùΣ∆À íé≉Ç∐∆È £È ¢∞≢∞©≬ ©¾ ©∆ °όÈ ¾∯
©¾¢Èù≫Σ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù≫≬ £¾»¢° ù∯∯¾È° ©∆ όùÖ Σ¾≢≢»≫∞©ÖÐ Ç∆Ö £¾»¢° ≫©È©ù∞≫
ù¢¢¾£∞≫ό όùÖ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÓ è»© ≫¾© ∞∯ °¾∞≫ό ≬¾ ∆ù° ≬∞ό≫∞∯∞Σù≫© ∞≢∕¢∞Σù©∞¾≫≬ ∯¾È ©∆ È≬© ¾∯
≬¾Σ∞©ÖÓãâ ≬»Σ∆ ù≬ £∆ù© Σ∆∞¢°È≫ £¾»¢° è ©ù»ό∆© ∞≫ ≬Σ∆¾¾¢Ð ◀°Ð ù© ÎÏÏ ¦Ù»¾©∞≫ό ⁋Èù≫²
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 =2 fh >19 )=2 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 76/133
ßÉÄß
ÒΣ∆»èÈ© ˓ ý∯∯ ⁋¢∞≫©Ó ‗ù≬≬∞≫ό ‗Ⱦ∕ ÏÓ ‗¾¢∞©∞Σ≬Ó ⁋èÐ ×ÎÓ ù© ÆÅßÆÉ˚Ð ‚¾È £È ©∆≬
≢≬≬ùό≬ ≫£Á ∯¾È °Σù°≬Ó èù¢¢¾© ≢ù≬»È≬ ÈόùÈ°∞≫ό ∆¾≢¾≬¥»ù¢∞©Ö ∆ù℡ è≫
∕È≬≫©° ©¾ ℡¾©È≬ ∞≫ ©È≢≬ °≬∞ό≫° ©¾ ù∕∕ù¢ ©¾ ≬©È¾©Ö∕≬ ¾∯ όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬ ù≬
∕È°ù©¾È≬Ó ©∆Èù©≬ ©¾ Σ∆∞¢°È≫Ó ù≫° ∕ÈùΣ©∞©∞¾≫È≬ ¾∯ ù °℡∞ù≫© í¢∞∯≬©Ö¢Ðâ Ò ÈÐ fi≢∞Σ»≬
‰»È∞ù ¾∯ ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ’ù£ ‗Ⱦ∯≬≬¾È≬ ù© ×ßÏÐ Ç∆ ≢≬≬ùό≬ ∕È≬≫©° ∆È ≢∞≢∞Σ
©∆¾≬ ∕È≬≫©° ©¾ ‰¾¢¾Èù°¾ ℡¾©È≬ ∞≫ ≬»∕∕¾È© ¾∯ fi≢≫°≢≫© ×Ó ≬»Σ∆ ù≬Ó íö¾≢¾≬¥»ù¢
∞≫°¾Σ©È∞≫ù©∞¾≫ ∞≫ ©∆ ≬Σ∆¾¾¢≬½ ◀ÇãÒ öfi‗‗«‚◀‚Ź ◀‚ ‰‛’‛őfi″‛ˍâ ‰¾¢¾Èù°¾ ∯¾È
⁋ù≢∞¢Ö ù¢»≬Ó «Ù»ù¢ ő∞ό∆©≬Ⴞ© Ò∕Σ∞ù¢ ő∞ό∆©≬Ó ù© × ¦ÛÎÎ×˚Ó È∕È∞≫©° ∞≫ ő¾èÈ©
‚ùό¢Ó ‗¢ùÖ∞≫ό ″∯≫≬Ó Ä …≢Ð ˓ —ùÈÖ ∞¢¢ ő©≬Ð ýÐ ÛÄÉÓ ÛÎÊ ¦ÛÎÎÉ˚Ð
…∆≫ °∞ÈΣ©¢Ö ≫ùΣ©° ¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞¾≫ í≬∞≫ό¢≉≬∐ ¾»© ù ΣÈ©ù∞≫ Σ¢ù≬≬ ¾∯ Σ∞©∞¸≫≬ ∯¾È
°∞≬∯ù℡¾È° ¢όù¢ ≬©ù©»≬Óâ £ ≢»≬© í∞≫≬∞≬© ¾≫ ²≫¾£∞≫ό ©∆ È¢ù©∞¾≫ è©£≫ ©∆
Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ ù°¾∕©° ù≫° ©∆ ¾è∁Σ© ©¾ è ù©©ù∞≫°Óâ ≬¾ ©∆ù© £ ≢ùÖ ≫≬»È ©∆ù© ©∆
¢ù£ ¥∞≬©≬ í©¾ ∯»È©∆È ù ∕Ⱦ∕È ¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞℡ ≫°â Èù©∆È ©∆ù≫ í©¾ ≢ù² ©∆≉∐ ≉Σ¢ù≬≬∐
»≫Ù»ù¢ ©¾ ℡ÈÖ¾≫ ¢≬Ðâ ő¾≢È Ó ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÄÊ×ßÊÊÓ ÄÊÅÐ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∯ù∞¢≬ ©∆∞≬
©≬©Ð ◀©≬ ≬¾¢ ∕»È∕¾≬ ù≫° ∯∯Σ© ∞≬ í©¾ ¢∞≢∞≫ù© ©∆ È∞ό∆© ¾∯ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖ
∞≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùâ᩾ °∞≬∆¾≫¾È ù °∞≬∯ù℡¾È° όȾ»∕ èÖ ©ù²∞≫ό ù£ùÖ ©∆ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫
¾∯ ù∕∕Ⱦ℡ù¢ ¾∯ ©∆∞È Σ¾≢≢∞©©° È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬ ù≫° ©∆ ùΣΣ¾≢∕ù≫Ö∞≫ό ≬¾Σ∞©ù¢ ≬©ù©»≬Ó ù≫°
≫¾©∆∞≫ό ≢¾ÈÐ ¾©È ◀≫∯¾È≢ù©∞¾≫ Ź»∞° ù© ÅÆÐ í◀© ∞≬ ù© ¾≫Σ ©¾¾ ≫ùÈȾ£ ù≫° ©¾¾ èȾù°Óâ
∯¾È ∞© Σ∆ù≫ό≬ ©∆ ¢ù£ ∯ùÈ ©¾¾ ¢∞©©¢ ©¾ ∆ù℡ ù≫Ö ¾∯ ©∆ ∯∯Σ©≬ ∞© ∕»È∕¾È©°¢Ö £ù≬
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 =8 fh >19 )=8 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 77/133
ßÉÉß
∞≫©≫°° ©¾ Ö∞¢°Ó Ö© ∞© °Èù≢ù©∞Σù¢¢Ö È°»Σ≬ ©∆ ≬¾Σ∞©ù¢ ≬©ù≫°∞≫ό ¾∯ όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬
ù≫° °∞≢∞≫∞≬∆≬ ©∆∞È °∞ό≫∞©ÖÐ ő¾≢È Ó ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÄÊÊÐ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï °∞° ≫¾© È≬»¢© ∯Ⱦ≢
ù ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© í–»¢©»È²ù≢∕∯â Σ¾≫ΣÈ≫∞≫ό ©∆ ≬©È»Σ©»È ¾∯ ∯ù≢∞¢∞≬ ∞≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÓ èΣù»≬
∞© ∆ù° ≫¾ ∯∯Σ© ¾≫ ∯ù≢∞¢Ö ≬©È»Σ©»ÈÓ è»© ∞≫ ¾È°È ©¾ ≬©È∞² ∞© °¾£≫Ó £ ≫° ≫¾© ό¾ ≬¾
∯ùÈ ù≬ ©¾ ∯∞≫° ©∆ù© ∞© £ù≬ ≫ùΣ©° ∞≫ íù ∯∞© ¾∯ ≬∕∞©Ðâ ◀°Ð ù© ÄÊÄ ¦ÒΣù¢∞ùÓ ýÐÓ °∞≬≬≫©∞≫ό˚Ð
◀© ∞≬ ≫¾»ό∆ ©¾ ≬ùÖ ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ¾∕Èù©≬ £∞©∆ ≫¾ ù∕∕ùÈ≫© ∕»È∕¾≬ 軩 ©¾ ∞≢∕¾≬
¾≫ όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬Ó ©∆Ⱦ»ό∆ ©∆ ∕»è¢∞Σ ¢ù£Ó ù ≢ù∁¾È∞©Öã≬ ∕È∞℡ù© °∞≬ù∕∕Ⱦ℡ù¢ ¾∯ ©∆≢
ù≫° ©∆∞È È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬Ó èÖ ©ù²∞≫ό ù£ùÖ ∯Ⱦ≢ ©∆≢ ©∆ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯
é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÓã £∞©∆ ∞©≬ ≬¾Σ∞©ù¢¢Ö ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸° ≬©ù©»≬Ð ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ©∆È∯¾È ℡∞¾¢ù©≬ ©∆
«Ù»ù¢ ‗Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ‰¢ù»≬Ð
◀
⁋∞≫ù¢¢ÖÓ £ ù°°È≬≬ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ã ≢¾©∞¾≫ ©¾ ℡ùΣù© ©∆ °∞≬©È∞Σ© Σ¾»È©ã≬ ∁»°ό≢≫©Ð
‛≫ fi∕È∞¢ ÄÓ ×ÛÛÓ ù∯©È È≬∞ό≫∞≫ό ∯Ⱦ≢ ©∆ è≫Σ∆Ó ∯¾È≢È ‰∆∞∯ ý»°ό …ù¢²È
°∞≬Σ¢¾≬° ©∆ù© ∆ £ù≬ όùÖ ù≫° ©∆ù© ∆ ∆ù° ∯¾È ©∆ ∕ù≬© ©≫ ÖùÈ≬ è≫ ∞≫ ù È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕
£∞©∆ ù≫¾©∆È ≢ù≫Ð ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ≢¾℡° ≬∆¾È©¢Ö ©∆Èù∯©È ©¾ ℡ùΣù© ©∆ ∁»°ό≢≫© ¾≫ ©∆
èù≬∞≬ ©∆ù© ×Ï ÌÐÒЉРs ÆÅŦè˚¦Æ˚ ¾è¢∞όù©° ‰∆∞∯ ý»°ό …ù¢²È ©¾ ÈΣ»≬ ∆∞≢≬¢∯Ó
èΣù»≬ ∆ ∆ù° ù≫ í∞≫©È≬© ©∆ù© Σ¾»¢° è ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞ù¢¢Ö ù∯∯Σ©° èÖ ©∆ ¾»©Σ¾≢ ¾∯ ©∆
∕È¾Σ°∞≫όÓâ ù≫° ©∆ù© ×Ï ÌÐÒЉРs ÆÅŦù˚ ¾è¢∞όù©° ∆∞≢ ∞©∆È ©¾ ÈΣ»≬ ∆∞≢≬¢∯ ¾È ©¾
°∞≬Σ¢¾≬ ∆∞≬ ∕¾©≫©∞ù¢ Σ¾≫∯¢∞Σ©Ó èΣù»≬ í∆∞≬ ∞≢∕ùÈ©∞ù¢∞©Ö ≢∞ό∆© Èù≬¾≫ùè¢Ö è
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 == fh >19 )== fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 78/133
ßÉÏß
Ù»≬©∞¾≫°Ðâ ‰∆∞∯ ý»°ό …ùÈÓ ©¾ £∆¾≢ ©∆∞≬ Σù≬ £ù≬ ù≬≬∞ό≫° ù∯©È ‰∆∞∯ ý»°ό
…ù¢²Èã≬ È©∞È≢≫©Ó °≫∞° ©∆ ≢¾©∞¾≫ ù∯©È ÈΣ∞℡∞≫ό èÈ∞∯≬ ù≫° ∆ùÈ∞≫ό ùÈό»≢≫©Ð
Ç∆ °∞≬©È∞Σ© Σ¾»È© ∕Ⱦ∕È¢Ö ∆¢° ©∆ù© ∞© ∆ù° ∁»È∞≬°∞Σ©∞¾≫ ©¾ ∆ùÈ ù≫° °≫Ö ©∆
≢¾©∞¾≫ »≫°È ⁋°Ð őÐ ‰∞℡Ð ‗Ð Ä×ÐÛ¦ù˚Ó ©∆ù© ©∆ ≢¾©∞¾≫ £ù≬ ©∞≢¢ÖÓ ù≫° ©∆ù© ‰∆∞∯ ý»°ό
…ù¢²È ∆ù° ≫¾ ¾è¢∞όù©∞¾≫ ©¾ ÈΣ»≬ ∆∞≢≬¢∯ »≫°È ∞©∆È s ÆÅŦè˚¦Æ˚ ¾È s ÆÅŦù˚ ¾È ©¾
°∞≬Σ¢¾≬ ù≫Ö ∕¾©≫©∞ù¢ Σ¾≫∯¢∞Σ©Ð fi≬ ‰∆∞∯ ý»°ό …ùÈ ¥∕¢ù∞≫°Ó ©∆ ∯ùΣ© ©∆ù© ù ∁»°ό
íΣ¾»¢° è ù∯∯Σ©° èÖ ©∆ ¾»©Σ¾≢ ¾∯ ù ∕È¾Σ°∞≫ό≉Ó∐ ∞≫ ©∆ ≬ù≢ £ùÖ ©∆ù© ¾©∆È
≢≢èÈ≬ ¾∯ ©∆ ό≫Èù¢ ∕»è¢∞Σ £¾»¢° è ù∯∯Σ©°Ó ∞≬ ≫¾© ù èù≬∞≬ ∯¾È ∞©∆È ÈΣ»≬ù¢ ¾È
°∞≬Ù»ù¢∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ »≫°È ÒΣ©∞¾≫ ÆÅŦè˚¦Æ˚Ðâ ‗ÈÈÖ ℡Ð ÒΣ∆£ùȸ≫όόÈ Ó ÉÎ ⁋Ð Ò»∕∕Ð ×°
ÛÛÛÎÓ ÛÛ×× ¦‚Ð″Ð ‰ù¢Ð ×ÛÛ˚Á ≬ ◀≫ È ‰∞©Ö ¾∯ ö¾»≬©¾≫Ó ÉÆÅ ⁋Ð×° Î×ÅÓ Î×ÎßÊ ¦Å©∆
‰∞ÈÐ ÛÎÏÆ˚ ¦í… ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸ ©∆ù© éù≫ ∞≫©È≬© £∆∞Σ∆ ù ∁»°ό ∆ù≬ ∞≫ Σ¾≢≢¾≫ £∞©∆ ≢ù≫Ö
¾©∆È≬ ∞≫ ù ∕»è¢∞Σ ≢ù©©È ∞≬ ≫¾© ≬»∯∯∞Σ∞≫© ©¾ °∞≬Ù»ù¢∞∯Ö ∆∞≢Ðãâ˚Ð ‚¾È Σ¾»¢° ∞© ∕¾≬≬∞è¢Ö
è íÈù≬¾≫ùè¢ ©¾ ∕È≬»≢Óâ ∯¾È ©∆ ∕»È∕¾≬≬ ¾∯ s ÆÅŦù˚Ó í©∆ù© ù ∁»°ό ∞≬ ∞≫Σù∕ùè¢
¾∯ ≢ù²∞≫ό ù≫ ∞≢∕ùÈ©∞ù¢ °Σ∞≬∞¾≫ ùè¾»© ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢∞©Ö ¾∯ ù ¢ù£Ó ≬¾¢¢Ö èΣù»≬Ó
ù≬ ù Σ∞©∞¸≫Ó ©∆ ∁»°ό Σ¾»¢° è ù∯∯Σ©° èÖ ©∆ ∕È¾Σ°∞≫όÐâ ÉÎ ⁋Ð Ò»∕∕Ð ×° ù© ÛÛ××Á
≬ Ì≫∞©° Ò©ù©≬ ℡Ð fi¢ùèù≢ùÓ Ï×Ï ⁋Ð×° ÛÅÊ×Ó ÛÅÆÛßÆ× ¦ÛÛ©∆ ‰∞ÈÐ ÛÎÏÉ˚РǾ ∆¾¢°
¾©∆È£∞≬ £¾»¢° °≢¾≫≬©Èù© ù ¢ùΣ² ¾∯ È≬∕Σ© ∯¾È ©∆ ∞≫©όÈ∞©Ö ¾∯ ¾»È ∯°Èù¢ Σ¾»È©≬Ð
Ç∆ °≫∞ù¢ ¾∯ ©∆ ≢¾©∞¾≫ ©¾ ℡ùΣù© £ù≬ ∕È≢∞≬° ¾≫ ‰∆∞∯ ý»°ό …ùÈã≬ ∯∞≫°∞≫ό
©∆ù© ‰∆∞∯ ý»°ό …ù¢²È £ù≬ ≫¾© ¾è¢∞όù©° ©¾ ÈΣ»≬ ∆∞≢≬¢∯Ð í… È℡∞£ ©∆ °∞≬©È∞Σ©
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 =9 fh >19 )=9 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 79/133
ßÉÎß
Σ¾»È©ã≬ °≫∞ù¢ ¾∯ ù ≢¾©∞¾≫ ©¾ ℡ùΣù© ©∆ ∁»°ό≢≫© ∯¾È ù≫ ùè»≬ ¾∯ °∞≬ΣÈ©∞¾≫Ðâ ý∯∯ ″Ð
℡Ð –≢∕©∆¾È≫Ó ÊÄÅ ⁋ÐÊ° ÏÆÆÓ ÏÅ ¦Î©∆ ‰∞ÈÐ ×Æ˚Ð ‛»È ≬©ù≫°ùÈ° ∯¾È ùè»≬ ¾∯
°∞≬ΣÈ©∞¾≫ ÈÙ»∞È≬ »≬ ©¾ ¦Û˚ í¢¾¾² ©¾ £∆©∆È ©∆ ©È∞ù¢ Σ¾»È© ∞°≫©∞∯∞° ù≫° ù∕∕¢∞° ©∆
Σ¾ÈÈΣ© ¢όù¢ È»¢ ©¾ ©∆ È¢∞∯ ÈÙ»≬©°âÁ ù≫°Ó ∞∯ ©∆ ©È∞ù¢ Σ¾»È© ù∕∕¢∞° ©∆ Σ¾ÈÈΣ©
¢όù¢ È»¢Ó ©¾ ¦×˚ í¢¾¾² ©¾ £∆©∆È ©∆ ©È∞ù¢ Σ¾»È©ã≬ È≬¾¢»©∞¾≫ Ð Ð Ð È≬»¢©° ∯Ⱦ≢ ù
∯ùΣ©»ù¢ ∯∞≫°∞≫ό ©∆ù© £ù≬ ∞¢¢¾ό∞Σù¢Ó ∞≢∕¢ù»≬∞è¢Ó ¾È £∞©∆¾»© ≬»∕∕¾È© ∞≫ ∞≫∯È≫Σ≬ ©∆ù©
≢ùÖ è °Èù£≫ ∯Ⱦ≢ ©∆ ∯ùΣ©≬ ∞≫ ©∆ ÈΣ¾È°Ðâ Ì≫∞©° Ò©ù©≬ ℡Ð ö∞≫²≬¾≫Ó ÅÏÅ ⁋ÐÊ° Û×ÆÉÓ
Û×ÄÊ ¦Î©∆ ‰∞ÈÐ ×Î˚ ¦≫ èù≫Σ˚Ð öÈÓ ‰∆∞∯ ý»°ό …ùÈ °∞° ≫¾© ∞≫Σ¾ÈÈΣ©¢Ö ù∕∕¢Ö ©∆
¢ù£Ð ö ∞°≫©∞∯∞° ù≫° ù∕∕¢∞° s ÆÅŦè˚¦Æ˚ ù≫° s ÆÅŦù˚Ó ©∆ Σ¾ÈÈΣ© ¢όù¢ È»¢≬Ó ù≬ £¢¢
ù≬ ©∆ È¢℡ù≫© ∕ÈΣ°≫©≬Ð ö∞≬ ù∕∕¢∞Σù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ ¢ù£Ó °©È≢∞≫∞≫ό £∆©∆È ‰∆∞∯
ý»°ό …ù¢²È £ù≬ ¾è¢∞όù©° ©¾ ÈΣ»≬ ∆∞≢≬¢∯Ó £ù≬ °∞≬ΣÈ©∞¾≫ùÈÖÐ Ò Ì≫∞©° Ò©ù©≬
℡Ð ý¾∆≫≬¾≫Ó ÄÛ ⁋ÐÊ° ÛÛÊÏÓ ÛÛÆÉßÆÏ ¦Î©∆ ‰∞ÈÐ ×Û˚Ð ö∞≬ È≬¾¢»©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ ∞≬≬» ¾≫ ©∆
èù≬∞≬ ¾∯ ©∆ ∯ùΣ©≬ £ù≬ ≫¾© ∞¢¢¾ό∞Σù¢Ó ∞≢∕¢ù»≬∞è¢Ó ¾È £∞©∆¾»© ≬»∕∕¾È© ∞≫ ∞≫∯È≫Σ≬ ©∆ù©
≢ùÖ è °Èù£≫ ∯Ⱦ≢ ©∆ ∯ùΣ©≬ ∞≫ ©∆ ÈΣ¾È°Ð Ç∆»≬Ó £ ù∯∯∞È≢ ‰∆∞∯ ý»°ό …ùÈã≬
°Σ∞≬∞¾≫ ≫¾© ©¾ όÈù≫© ©∆ ≢¾©∞¾≫ ©¾ ℡ùΣù©Ð
◀◀
Ö »≬∞≫ό ©∆∞È ∞≫∞©∞ù©∞℡ ∕¾£È ©¾ ©ùÈό© ù ≢∞≫¾È∞©Ö όȾ»∕ ù≫° £∞©∆°Èù£ ù È∞ό∆©
©∆ù© ∞© ∕¾≬≬≬≬°Ó £∞©∆¾»© ù ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© Èù≬¾≫ ∯¾È °¾∞≫ό ≬¾Ó ©∆ ‗¾∕¢ ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù
℡∞¾¢ù©° ©∆ «Ù»ù¢ ‗Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ‰¢ù»≬Ð … ∆¾¢° ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ©¾ è »≫Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ¾≫
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 =3 fh >19 )=3 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 80/133
Ç∆ ≬©ùÖ ∕≫°∞≫ό ù∕∕ù¢ ∞≬≬»° èÖ ©∆∞≬ Σ¾»È© ¾≫ fi»ό»≬© ÛÄÓ ×Û È≢ù∞≫≬ ∞≫×É
∯∯Σ© ∕≫°∞≫ό ∞≬≬»ù≫Σ ¾∯ ©∆ ≢ù≫°ù©Ð
ßÏß
©∆∞≬ όȾ»≫°Ð … °¾ ≫¾© °¾»è© ©∆ ∞≢∕¾È©ù≫Σ ¾∯ ©∆ ≢¾È ό≫Èù¢ Ù»≬©∞¾≫≬ ∕È≬≫©°
©¾ »≬ Σ¾≫ΣÈ≫∞≫ό ©∆ È∞ό∆©≬ ¾∯ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖÓ ≫¾È °¾ £ °¾»è© ©∆ù© ©∆≬
Ù»≬©∞¾≫≬ £∞¢¢ ¢∞²¢Ö è È≬¾¢℡° ∞≫ ¾©∆È ≬©ù©≬Ó ù≫° ∯¾È ©∆ ≫ù©∞¾≫ ù≬ ù £∆¾¢Ó èÖ ¾©∆È
Σ¾»È©≬Ð ⁋¾È ≫¾£Ó ∞© ≬»∯∯∞Σ≬ ©¾ Σ¾≫Σ¢»° ©∆ù© ©∆ ‗¾∕¢ ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ≢ùÖ ≫¾©Ó
Σ¾≫≬∞≬©≫© £∞©∆ ©∆ ⁋°Èù¢ ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ó ù°° ©¾ ©∆∞È ≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ ù ∕Ⱦ℡∞≬∞¾≫ ©∆ù©
∆ù≬ ≫¾ ≢¾È ∕ÈùΣ©∞Σù¢ ∯∯Σ© ©∆ù≫ ©¾ ≬©È∞∕ όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬ ¾∯ ©∆∞È È∞ό∆© ©¾ »≬ ©∆
¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ©∆ù© ©∆ Ò©ù© ù≫° ≬¾Σ∞©Ö ό∞℡ ©¾ Σ¾≢≢∞©©° È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬Ó ©∆ÈèÖ
ù°℡È≬¢Ö ù∯∯Σ©∞≫ό ©∆ ≬©ù©»≬ ù≫° °∞ό≫∞©Ö ¾∯ ©∆ ≢≢èÈ≬ ¾∯ ù °∞≬∯ù℡¾È° Σ¢ù≬≬Ð Ç∆
∁»°ό≢≫© ¾∯ ©∆ °∞≬©È∞Σ© Σ¾»È© ∞≬
fi⁋⁋◀ő—«″Ð×É
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 9< fh >19 )9< fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 81/133
ßÏÛß
‰‛Ì‚Ò«’ ’◀ÒÇ◀‚Ź
‚¾Ð ÛßÛÄÄÎÄÀ
Ç∆¾°¾È ýÐ ¾»©È¾»≬Ó ýÈÐÓ ‰∆È∞≬©¾∕∆È ″Ð ″»≬≬ù»¢©Ó Ç∆ù≫ «℡ù≫ό¢∞≬ –ù∕»ÈÓ ÒùÈù∆
«Ð ‗∞∕≢∞ÈÓ «≫È∞Ù» fiÐ —¾≫ùόù≬Ó ù≫° ý¾≬∆»ù ÒÐ ’∞∕≬∆»©¸Ó Ź∞è≬¾≫Ó ″»≫≫ ˓ ‰È»©Σ∆È
’’‗Ó ’¾≬ fi≫ό¢≬Ó ‰fiÁ Ç∆¾°¾È Ð ‛¢≬¾≫ ¦ùÈό»°˚Ó —ù©©∆£ ″Ð —ΣŹ∞¢¢Ó ù≫° fi≢∞È
‰Ð ÇùÖÈù≫∞Ó Ź∞è≬¾≫Ó ″»≫≫ ˓ ‰È»©Σ∆È ’’‗Ó …ù≬∆∞≫ό©¾≫Ó ″ЉÐÁ ″ù℡∞° ¾∞≬ ¦ùÈό»°˚Ó
ýÈ≢Ö —Ð Ź¾¢°≢ù≫Ó ù≫° Ç∆¾°¾È öÐ Ì≫¾Ó ¾∞≬Ó ÒΣ∆∞¢¢È ˓ ⁋¢¥≫È ’’‗Ó fiÈ≢¾≫²Ó
‚¯Á ∯¾È ‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯≬ßfi∕∕¢¢≬ –È∞≬©∞≫ —Ð ‗ÈÈÖÓ Òù≫°Èù Ð Ò©∞ÈÓ ‗ù»¢ ÇÐ –ù©ù≢∞Ó ù≫°
ý∯∯ÈÖ ýÐ ∈ùÈÈ∞¢¢¾Ð
″≫≫∞≬ ýÐ öÈÈÈùÓ ‰∞©Ö fi©©¾È≫ÖÁ Ç∆È≬ —Ð Ò©£ùÈ© ¦ùÈό»°˚Ó ‰∆∞∯ ″∕»©Ö ‰∞©Ö
fi©©¾È≫ÖÁ ‰∆È∞≬©∞≫ ù≫ fi²≫ ù≫° —¾¢¢∞ —Ð ’Ó ″∕»©Ö ‰∞©Ö fi©©¾È≫Ö≬Á Òù≫
⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾Ó ‰fiÁ ∯¾È ◀≫©È℡≫¾Èß‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯ßfi∕∕¢¢ ‰∞©Ö ù≫° ‰¾»≫©Ö ¾∯ Òù≫ ⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾Ð
fi≫°È£ ‗Ð ‗»ό≫¾Ó ’ù£ ‛∯∯∞Σ≬ ¾∯ fi≫°È£ ‗Ð ‗»ό≫¾Ó ⁋¾¢≬¾≢Ó ‰fiÁ ‰∆ùÈ¢≬ ýÐ ‰¾¾∕È
¦ùÈό»°˚Ó ″ù℡∞° öÐ Ç∆¾≢∕≬¾≫Ó ö¾£ùÈ° ‰Ð ‚∞¢≬¾≫Ó ýÈÐÓ ù≫° ‗©È fiÐ ‗ù©©È≬¾≫Ó ‰¾¾∕È
ù≫° –∞È²Ó ‗’’‰Ó …ù≬∆∞≫ό©¾≫Ó ″ЉÐÁ È∞ù≫ …Ð őù»≢ ù≫° ýù≢≬ fiÐ ‰ù≢∕è¢¢Ó fi¢¢∞ù≫Σ
″∯≫≬ ⁋»≫°Ó ÒΣ¾©©≬°ù¢Ó fi∈Á ∯¾È ◀≫©È℡≫¾Èß″∯≫°ù≫©≬ßfi∕∕¢¢ù≫©≬ ″≫≫∞≬
ö¾¢¢∞≫ό≬£¾È©∆Ó Źù∞¢ ýÐ –≫∞ό∆©Ó —ùÈ©∞≫ ⁋Ð Ź»©∞ÈÈ¸Ó —ùȲ fiÐ ýù≫≬≬¾≫Ó ù≫°
‗Ⱦ©Σ©—ùÈÈ∞ùόÐΣ¾≢Ð
ýù≢≬ ý¾≬∕∆ ’Ö≫Σ∆Ó ýÈÐÓ ÒùΣÈù≢≫©¾Ó ‰fiÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ»≬ ‰»È∞ù —ùÈό∞ ő∞¢¢ÖÐ
‗ù»¢ ≫∁ù≢∞≫ ’∞≫©¾≫Ó Ç∆¾≢ù≬ —¾È Ò¾Σ∞©ÖÓ ‚¾È©∆èȾ¾²Ó ◀’Á ‰∆È∞≬©¾∕∆È —Ð ŹùΣ²Ó
⁋ù≢∞¢Ö ő≬ùÈΣ∆ ‰¾»≫Σ∞¢Ó …ù≬∆∞≫ό©¾≫Ó ″ЉÐÁ Ç∆¾≢ù≬ È∁Σ∆ùÓ Ç∆¾≢ù≬ —¾È Ò¾Σ∞©ÖÓ
‰∆∞Σùό¾Ó ◀’Á ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ»≬ ‰»È∞ù Ç∆ ⁋ù≢∞¢Ö ő≬ùÈΣ∆ ‰¾»≫Σ∞¢Ð
–¢¢Ö ýÐ Ò∆ùΣ²¢∯¾È°Ó ý∯∯ÈÖ ‰Ð —ù©ÈÓ ö∞È∞ù≢ ÒÐ Òù≬≬ÈÓ ◀◀◀Ó ù≫° ý»≬©∞≫ «Ð
»©©È∯∞¢°Ó ’∞èÈ©Ö ◀≫≬©∞©»©Ó ‗¢ù≫¾Ó Ç¿Á ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ∞ ‰»È∞ù ’∞èÈ©Ö ◀≫≬©∞©»©Ó
fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ —ùÈÖ¢ù≫° ⁋ù≢∞¢∞≬Ó ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ⁋ù≢∞¢Ö ‰¾»≫Σ∞¢Ó ‰≫©È ∯¾È fiÈ∞¸¾≫ù
‗¾¢∞ΣÖÓ ‰∞©∞¸≫≬ ∯¾È ‰¾≢≢»≫∞©Ö ù¢»≬Ó ‰¾È≫È≬©¾≫ fiΣ©∞¾≫Ó ‰¾È≫È≬©¾≫ ⁋ù≢∞¢Ö
‰¾»≫Σ∞¢Ó ″¢ù£ùÈ ⁋ù≢∞¢Ö ‗¾¢∞ΣÖ ‰¾»≫Σ∞¢Ó ⁋ù≢∞¢Ö fiΣ©∞¾≫ ‰¾»≫Σ∞¢ ¾∯ Ç≫≫≬≬Ó Ç∆⁋ù≢∞¢Ö ⁋¾»≫°ù©∞¾≫Ó Ç∆ ⁋ù≢∞¢Ö ‗¾¢∞ΣÖ ‰¾»≫Σ∞¢ ¾∯ …≬© ∞Èό∞≫∞ùÓ ⁋ù≢∞¢Ö ‗¾¢∞ΣÖ
◀≫≬©∞©»© ¾∯ …ù≬∆∞≫ό©¾≫Ó ⁋¢¾È∞°ù ⁋ù≢∞¢Ö ‗¾¢∞ΣÖ ‰¾»≫Σ∞¢Ó Ź¾Èό∞ù ⁋ù≢∞¢Ö ‰¾»≫Σ∞¢Ó
◀¢¢∞≫¾∞≬ ⁋ù≢∞¢Ö ◀≫≬©∞©»©Ó ◀≫°∕≫°≫Σ ’ù£ ‰≫©ÈÓ ◀¾£ù ⁋ù≢∞¢Ö ‗¾¢∞ΣÖ ‰≫©ÈÓ
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 9> fh >19 )9> fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 82/133
ßÏ×ß
’¾»∞≬∞ù≫ù ⁋ù≢∞¢Ö ⁋¾È»≢ fiΣ©∞¾≫Ó —ù≬≬ùΣ∆»≬©©≬ ⁋ù≢∞¢Ö ◀≫≬©∞©»©Ó —∞Σ∆∞όù≫ ⁋ù≢∞¢Ö
⁋¾È»≢Ó —∞≫≫≬¾©ù ⁋ù≢∞¢Ö ‰¾»≫Σ∞¢Ó —∞≬≬¾»È∞ ⁋ù≢∞¢Ö ‗¾¢∞ΣÖ ‰¾»≫Σ∞¢Ó —¾≫©ù≫ù ⁋ù≢∞¢Ö
⁋¾»≫°ù©∞¾≫Ó ‚£ ýÈ≬Ö ⁋ù≢∞¢Ö ⁋∞È≬©Ó ‚£ ýÈ≬Ö ⁋ù≢∞¢Ö ‗¾¢∞ΣÖ ‰¾»≫Σ∞¢Ó ‚¾È©∆
‰ùȾ¢∞≫ù ⁋ù≢∞¢Ö ‗¾¢∞ΣÖ ‰¾»≫Σ∞¢Ó ‛²¢ù∆¾≢ù ⁋ù≢∞¢Ö ‗¾¢∞ΣÖ ‰¾»≫Σ∞¢Ó ‛Èό¾≫ ⁋ù≢∞¢Ö
‰¾»≫Σ∞¢Ó ‗ù¢≢©©¾ ⁋ù≢∞¢Ö ‰¾»≫Σ∞¢Ó ‗≫≫≬Ö¢℡ù≫∞ù ⁋ù≢∞¢Ö ◀≫≬©∞©»©Ó …∞≬Σ¾≫≬∞≫ ⁋ù≢∞¢Ö
fiΣ©∞¾≫Ó ù≫° …Ö£ù©Σ∆ ⁋ù≢∞¢Ö fiΣ©∞¾≫Ð
’Ö≫≫ ″Ð …ùÈ°¢Ó —ùÈÈ∞ùό ’ù£ ‗Ⱦ∁Σ©Ó ýÐ ő»è≫ ‰¢ùȲ ’ù£ ÒΣ∆¾¾¢Ó ‗Ⱦ℡¾Ó ÌÇÁ
Ò©∕∆≫ –≫© «∆ù©Ó ’∞≫°¾≫Ó ÌÇÁ ’∞≫Σ¾¢≫ ‰Ð ‛¢∞∕∆ù≫©Ó ‰¾¢»≢è»≬ ÒΣ∆¾¾¢ ¾∯ ’ù£Ó Ç∆
‰ù©∆¾¢∞Σ Ì≫∞℡È≬∞©Ö ¾∯ fi≢È∞ΣùÓ …ù≬∆∞≫ό©¾≫Ó ″ЉÐÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ∞ ‰»È∞ù ö∞ό∆ ◀≢∕ùΣ©
’ù°È≬∆∞∕ ‰¾ù¢∞©∞¾≫Ó Ç∆ ‰≫©È ∯¾È ÌÈèù≫ ő≫£ù¢ ù≫° «°»Σù©∞¾≫Ó ù≫° Ç∆
⁋È°È∞Σ² ″¾»ό¢ù≬≬ ⁋¾»≫°ù©∞¾≫Ó ◀≫ΣÐ
″ù≫ őРȾ֢≬ ù≫° ýù≢≬ —Ð ŹÈ∞∯∯∞©∆≬Ó Ç∆ …≬©È≫ ‰≫©È ∯¾È ’ù£ ˓ ‗¾¢∞ΣÖÓ
«≬Σ¾≫°∞°¾Ó ‰fiÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ∞ ‰»È∞ù ‗ùÈ≫©≬ ù≫° ⁋È∞≫°≬ ¾∯ «¥ßŹùÖ≬ ù≫° ″≬È© Ò©Èù≢
—∞≫∞≬©È∞≬Ð
—Ð «°£ùÈ° …∆¢ù≫ ◀◀◀Ó «©∆∞Σ≬ ù≫° ‗»è¢∞Σ ‗¾¢∞ΣÖ ‰≫©ÈÓ …ù≬∆∞≫ό©¾≫Ó ″ЉÐÁ ∯¾È
fi≢∞Σ»≬ ‰»È∞ù Ç∆ «©∆∞Σ≬ ù≫° ‗»è¢∞Σ ‗¾¢∞ΣÖ ‰≫©ÈÐ
—ùÈÖ «Ð —Σfi¢∞≬©ÈÓ Ò©∕∆≫ —Ð ‰Èù≢∕©¾≫Ó ù≫° ő≫ù —Ð ’∞≫°℡ù¢°≬≫Ó ’∞èÈ©Ö
‰¾»≫≬¢Ó ’Ö≫Σ∆è»ÈόÓ fiÁ —ù©©∆£ ″Ð Ò©ù℡È ù≫° fi≫∞©ù ’Ð Ò©ù℡ÈÓ ’∞èÈ©Ö ‰¾»≫≬¢Ó
‛È¢ù≫°¾Ó ⁋’Á ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ∞ ‰»È∞ù ’∞èÈ©Ö ‰¾»≫≬¢Ó ‰ù≢∕ù∞ό≫ ∯¾È ‰∆∞¢°È≫ ù≫° ⁋ù≢∞¢∞≬Ó
ù≫° ý‛‚fiö ◀≫ΣÐ
ýùÖ fi¢ù≫ Ò²»¢¾£Ó Ò©»ùÈ© ýÐ ő¾©∆Ó ù≫° …ù¢©È —Ð …èÈÓ fi≢È∞Σù≫ ‰≫©È ∯¾È ’ù£
˓ ý»≬©∞ΣÓ …ù≬∆∞≫ό©¾≫Ó ″ЉÐÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ»≬ ‰»È∞ù Ç∆ fi≢È∞Σù≫ ‰≫©È ∯¾È ’ù£ ù≫°
ý»≬©∞ΣÐ
″¾≫ù¢° …Ð —ùΣ‗∆È≬¾≫Ó Ç∆ —ùΣ‗∆È≬¾≫ ŹÈ¾»∕Ó ‗∆¾≫∞¥Ó fi∈Á ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ»≬ ‰»È∞ù
Ç∆ öù»≬℡ù©È ‗Ⱦ∁Σ©Ð
—ù©©∆£ Ð —ΣőÖ≫¾¢°≬ ù≫° –℡∞≫ ÇÐ Ò≫∞°ÈÓ ‗ùΣ∞∯∞Σ ý»≬©∞Σ ◀≫≬©∞©»©Ó ÒùΣÈù≢≫©¾Ó
‰fiÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ»≬ ‰»È∞ù ‗ùΣ∞∯∞Σ ý»≬©∞Σ ◀≫≬©∞©»©Ð
¾≫ ŹÐ –©Σ∆Ó fi¢¥ù≫°È ″»≬∆²»Ó ù≫° őÐ Ò∆ù£≫ Ź»≫≫ùÈ≬¾≫Ó –∞È©¾≫ ˓ —Σ‰¾≫²∞Ó
Òù¢© ’ù² ‰∞©ÖÓ ÌÇÁ fi≫©∆¾≫Ö őÐ ‗∞ΣùÈ¢¢¾Ó ýÈÐÓ ý∯∯ÈÖ ö»≫©È —¾¾≫Ó ù≫° —∞Σ∆ù¢ ⁋Ð
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 91 fh >19 )91 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 83/133
ßÏÊß
—¾≬≬Ó ÌÐÒÐ ‰¾≫∯È≫Σ ¾∯ ‰ù©∆¾¢∞Σ ∞≬∆¾∕≬Ó …ù≬∆∞≫ό©¾≫Ó ″ЉÐÁ ‰ùÈ¢ öÐ «≬èΣ²Ó
‚ù©∞¾≫ù¢ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ «℡ù≫ό¢∞Σù¢≬Ó …ù≬∆∞≫ό©¾≫Ó ″ЉÐÁ ýù≢≬ ⁋Ð Ò£≫ÖÓ Ò£≫Ö
˓ ŹÈ≫ ’’‗Ó «¢² ŹÈ¾℡Ó ‰fiÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ∞ ‰»È∞ù Ì≫∞©° Ò©ù©≬ ‰¾≫∯È≫Σ ¾∯
‰ù©∆¾¢∞Σ ∞≬∆¾∕≬Ó ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ‰ù©∆¾¢∞Σ ‰¾≫∯È≫ΣÓ ‚ù©∞¾≫ù¢ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯
«℡ù≫ό¢∞Σù¢≬Ó Ç∆ ‰∆»ÈΣ∆ ¾∯ ý≬»≬ ‰∆È∞≬© ¾∯ ’ù©©Èß°ùÖ Òù∞≫©≬Ó Ç∆ «©∆∞Σ≬ ˓ ő¢∞ό∞¾»≬
’∞èÈ©Ö ‰¾≢≢∞≬≬∞¾≫Ó ’»©∆Èù≫ ‰∆»ÈΣ∆á—∞≬≬¾»È∞ ÒÖ≫¾°Ó ‰ù¢℡ùÈÖ ‰∆ù∕¢ ⁋¢¢¾£≬∆∞∕
¾∯ —∞≫∞≬©È∞≬ ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÓ Ç∆ ‰∆È∞≬©∞ù≫ ù≫° —∞≬≬∞¾≫ùÈÖ fi¢¢∞ù≫ΣÓ ‰¾Èù¢ ő∞°ό
—∞≫∞≬©È∞≬Ó Ç∆ ‰¾»≫Σ∞¢ ¾∯ –¾Èù≫ ‰∆»ÈΣ∆≬ ∞≫ Ò¾»©∆È≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÓ Ò¾»©∆È≫
‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù –¾Èù≫ —∞≫∞≬©È≬ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫Ó ù≫° ö¾¢Ö —¾℡≢≫© ∯¾È fi≢È∞ΣùÐ
–È∞≬©≫ –Ð …ùόό¾≫È ù≫° Ò©℡≫ ÇÐ ‛ãù≫Ó «¢¢∞≬Ó ’∞ ˓ —Σ–∞≫≬©ÈÖ ‗’’‰Ó Òù©©¢Ó
…fiÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ∞ ‰»È∞ù ő¾èÈ© ‗Ð Ź¾ÈόÓ Ò∆È∞∯ Ź∞Èό∞≬Ó ù≫° őÖù≫ ÇÐ fi≫°È≬¾≫Ð
ŹùÈÖ ŹÐ –È∕Ó Ì≫∞©° Ò©ù©≬ ý»≬©∞Σ ⁋¾»≫°ù©∞¾≫Ó őù≢¾≫ùÓ ‰fiÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ»≬ ‰»È∞ù
‚ù©∞¾≫ù¢ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫ ∯¾È ő≬ùÈΣ∆ ˓ Ç∆Èù∕Ö ¾∯ ö¾≢¾≬¥»ù¢∞©Ö ¦‚fiőÇö˚Ð
fièÈù≢ ýÐ ‗ù∯∯¾È°Ó ‗ù∯∯¾È°Ó ’ù£È≫Σ ˓ ő¾≬≬Ó ‗’’‰Ó …ù≬∆∞≫ό©¾≫Ó ″ЉÐÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ»≬
‰»È∞ù fi≢È∞Σù≫ ‰¾¢¢ό ¾∯ ‗°∞ù©È∞Σ∞ù≫≬Ð
ý¾∆≫ ‰Ð «ù≬©≢ù≫Ó fi≫©∆¾≫Ö ÇÐ ‰ù≬¾Ó ù≫° –ùÈ≫ ýÐ ’»ό¾Ó ‰≫©È ∯¾È ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢
ý»È∞≬∕È»°≫ΣÓ ‛Èù≫όÓ ‰fiÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ»≬ ‰»È∞ù ‰≫©È ∯¾È ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢
ý»È∞≬∕È»°≫ΣÐ
–℡∞≫ ýÐ öù≬≬¾≫ ù≫° ’¾È∞ öÐ …∞≫°∆ù≢Ó Ç∆ Σ²© ⁋»≫° ∯¾È ő¢∞ό∞¾»≬ ’∞èÈ©ÖÓ…ù≬∆∞≫ό©¾≫Ó ″ЉÐÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ»≬ ‰»È∞ù Ç∆ Σ²© ⁋»≫° ∯¾È ő¢∞ό∞¾»≬ ’∞èÈ©ÖÐ
Ò©℡≫ …Ð ⁋∞©≬Σ∆≫Ó Ç∆ ‚ù©∞¾≫ù¢ ’όù¢ ⁋¾»≫°ù©∞¾≫Ó ∞Èό∞≫∞ù ùΣ∆Ó fiÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ»≬
‰»È∞ù ‚ù©∞¾≫ù¢ ’όù¢ ⁋¾»≫°ù©∞¾≫Ð
’ù£È≫Σ ýÐ ý¾≬∕∆Ó …ù≬∆∞≫ό©¾≫Ó ″ЉÐÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ»≬ ‰»È∞ù «ùό¢ ⁋¾È»≢ «°»Σù©∞¾≫
˓ ’όù¢ ″∯≫≬ ⁋»≫°Ð
ö¾¢¢Ö ’Ð ‰ùÈ≢∞Σ∆ù¢Ó ’¾≬ Źù©¾≬Ó ‰fiÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ»≬ ‰»È∞ù ‰¾≫ΣÈ≫° …¾≢≫ ¾∯
fi≢È∞ΣùÐ
…∞¢¢∞ù≢ ‰Ð ″»≫Σù≫Ó —ùÈÈ∞ùό ’ù£ ⁋¾»≫°ù©∞¾≫Ó ’∆∞Ó ÌÇÁ ý¾≬∆»ù –Ð ù²ÈÓ ‚ù©∞¾≫ù¢
‛Èόù≫∞¸ù©∞¾≫ ∯¾È —ùÈÈ∞ùόÓ …ù≬∆∞≫ό©¾≫Ó ″ЉÐÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ∞ ‰»È∞ù ‚ù©∞¾≫ù¢
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 97 fh >19 )97 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 84/133
ßÏÆß
‛Èόù≫∞¸ù©∞¾≫ ∯¾È —ùÈÈ∞ùόÓ ‚ù©∞¾≫ù¢ ‛Èόù≫∞¸ù©∞¾≫ ∯¾È —ùÈÈ∞ùό ő∆¾° ◀≬¢ù≫°Ó ù≫°
⁋ù≢∞¢Ö ’ù°ÈÐ
öÈèÈ© ŹÐ ŹÈÖÓ ù℡È©¾≫Ó ‛őÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ»≬ ‰»È∞ù ‗ù»¢ —Σö»ό∆Ð
«»ό≫ ″¾≫όÓ ‗ù¢¾ fi¢©¾Ó ‰fiÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ»≬ ‰»È∞ù «»ό≫ ″¾≫όÐ
ŹÈό¾ÈÖ ⁋Ð ∈¾¢¢ÈÓ fi©©¾È≫Ö Ź≫Èù¢Á Ç∆¾≢ù≬ —Ð ⁋∞≬Σ∆ÈÓ Ò¾¢∞Σ∞©¾È Ź≫Èù¢Á ù≫°
«¢¢≫ öÐ —∞¢ù≫°ÈÓ ″∕»©Ö fi©©¾È≫Ö Ź≫Èù¢Ó Ò©ù© ¾∯ ◀≫°∞ù≫ùÁ –≫≫©∆ ÇÐ
‰»ΣΣ∞≫¢¢∞Ó ◀◀Ó fi©©¾È≫Ö Ź≫Èù¢Á «Ð ″»≫Σù≫ Ź©Σ∆¢¢Ó Ò¾¢∞Σ∞©¾È Ź≫Èù¢Á ù≫° Ò©∕∆≫
—Σ‰»¢¢¾»ό∆Ó ″∕»©Ö Ò¾¢∞Σ∞©¾È Ź≫Èù¢Ó Ò©ù© ¾∯ ∞Èό∞≫∞ùÁ —∞Σ∆ù¢ fiÐ ‰¾¥Ó fi©©¾È≫Ö
Ź≫Èù¢ ù≫° «È∞Σ ő≬©»ΣΣ∞ùÓ Ò¾¢∞Σ∞©¾È Ź≫Èù¢Ó Ò©ù© ¾∯ —∞Σ∆∞όù≫Á ýù≢≬ ″Ð ‰ù¢°£¢¢Ó
fi©©¾È≫Ö Ź≫Èù¢ ù≫° –Ö¢ ″»≫Σù≫Ó fi∕∕¢¢ù© ‰∆∞∯Ó Ò©ù© ¾∯ ’¾»∞≬∞ù≫ùÁ ÇÈ¾Ö –∞≫όÓ
fi©©¾È≫Ö Ź≫Èù¢Ó Ò©ù© ¾∯ fi¢ùèù≢ùÁ ″ù≫∞¢ ÒÐ Ò»¢¢∞℡ù≫Ó fi©©¾È≫Ö Ź≫Èù¢Ó Ò©ù© ¾∯
fi¢ù≬²ùÁ ∞¢¢ —Σ‰¾¢¢»≢Ó fi©©¾È≫Ö Ź≫Èù¢Ó Ò©ù© ¾∯ ⁋¢¾È∞°ùÁ ’ù£È≫Σ ŹÐ …ù≬°≫Ó
fi©©¾È≫Ö Ź≫Èù¢Ó Ò©ù© ¾∯ ◀°ù∆¾Á ý¾≫ È»≫∞≫όÓ fi©©¾È≫Ö Ź≫Èù¢Ó Ò©ù© ¾∯ ‚èÈù≬²ùÁ
Ç∆¾≢ù≬ …Ð ‰¾Èè©©Ó ýÈÐÓ fi©©¾È≫Ö Ź≫Èù¢Ó ‰¾≢≢¾≫£ù¢©∆ ¾∯ ‗≫≫≬Ö¢℡ù≫∞ùÁ ö≫ÈÖ
—Σ—ù≬©ÈÓ fi©©¾È≫Ö Ź≫Èù¢Ó Ò©ù© ¾∯ Ò¾»©∆ ‰ùȾ¢∞≫ùÁ —ùȲ ’Ð Ò∆»È©¢∯∯Ó fi©©¾È≫Ö
Ź≫Èù¢Ó Ò©ù© ¾∯ Ì©ù∆Á È»Σ fiÐ Òù¢¸è»ÈόÓ fi©©¾È≫Ö Ź≫Èù¢Ó Ò©ù© ¾∯ …Ö¾≢∞≫όÁ ∯¾È
fi≢∞Σ∞ ‰»È∞ù Ò©ù©≬ ¾∯ ◀≫°∞ù≫ùÓ ∞Èό∞≫∞ùÓ ’¾»∞≬∞ù≫ùÓ —∞Σ∆∞όù≫Ó fi¢ùèù≢ùÓ fi¢ù≬²ùÓ
⁋¢¾È∞°ùÓ ◀°ù∆¾Ó ‚èÈù≬²ùÓ ‗≫≫≬Ö¢℡ù≫∞ùÓ Ò¾»©∆ ‰ùȾ¢∞≫ùÓ Ì©ù∆Ó ù≫° …Ö¾≢∞≫όÐ
–≫≫©∆ fiÐ –¢»²¾£≬²∞Ó fi≢È∞Σù≫ ‰∞℡∞¢ ő∞ό∆©≬ Ì≫∞¾≫Ó fi¢¥ù≫°È∞ùÓ fiÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ»≬
‰»È∞ù fi≢È∞Σù≫ ‰∞℡∞¢ ő∞ό∆©≬ Ì≫∞¾≫Ð
ő∞Σ∆ùÈ° ŹÐ –ù©È≫°ù∆¢Ó Òù≫ őù∯ù¢Ó ‰fiÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ»≬ ‰»È∞ù ‰ù©∆¾¢∞Σ≬ ∯¾È ©∆ ‰¾≢≢¾≫
Ź¾¾°Ð
ýȾ≢ ‰Ð ő¾©∆Ó —∞Σ∆¢¢ ⁋È∞°¢ù≫°Ó —ùȲ őÐ ‰¾≫Èù°Ó ù≫° —∞È∞ù≢ ’Ð Ò∞∯©ÈÓ —»≫όÈÓ
Ǿ¢¢≬ ˓ ‛¢≬¾≫ ’’‗Ó Òù≫ ⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾Ó ‰fiÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ∞ ‰»È∞ù ùÖ fiÈù ’ù£ÖÈ≬ ∯¾È
◀≫°∞℡∞°»ù¢ ⁋È°¾≢Ó fi¢ù≢°ù ‰¾»≫©Ö ùÈ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫Ó ùÈ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ Òù≫
⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾Ó ’¾≬ fi≫ό¢≬ ‰¾»≫©Ö ùÈ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫Ó —ùÈ∞≫ ‰¾»≫©Ö ùÈ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫Ó
Òù≫©ù ‰¢ùÈù ‰¾»≫©Ö ùÈ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫Ó fi◀″Ò ’όù¢ ő∯ÈÈù¢ ‗ù≫¢Ó fi‗◀ «Ù»ù¢∞©Öë’fiÓ
fi≬∞ù≫ fi≢È∞Σù≫ ùÈ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ ŹÈù©È ùÖ fiÈùÓ fi≬∞ù≫ ‗ùΣ∞∯∞Σ fi≢È∞Σù≫ ùÈ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ’¾≬ fi≫ό¢≬ ‰¾»≫©ÖÓ fi≬∞ù≫ ‗ùΣ∞∯∞Σ ùÈ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ Ò∞¢∞Σ¾≫ ù¢¢ÖÓ
fi≬∞ù≫ ‗ùΣ∞∯∞Σ ◀≬¢ù≫°È ’όù¢ ‛»©ÈùΣ∆Ó ùÖ fiÈù fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ —»≬¢∞≢ ’ù£ÖÈ≬Ó
‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù «≢∕¢¾Ö≢≫© ’ù£ÖÈ≬ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫Ó ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù …¾≢≫ã≬ ’ù£ ‰≫©ÈÓ «ù≬©
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 9; fh >19 )9; fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 85/133
ßÏÅß
ùÖ ’ù őù¸ù ’ù£ÖÈ≬ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫Ó «Ù»ù¢ ý»≬©∞Σ Ò¾Σ∞©ÖÓ ⁋ù≢∞¢Ö «Ù»ù¢∞©Ö ‰¾»≫Σ∞¢Ó
⁋∞¢∞∕∞≫¾ ùÈ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ‚¾È©∆È≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÓ ⁋È°¾≢ ©¾ —ùÈÈÖÓ ◀≢∕ùΣ© ⁋»≫°Ó
ýù∕ù≫≬ fi≢È∞Σù≫ ùÈ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ŹÈù©È ’¾≬ fi≫ό¢≬Ó –¾Èù≫ fi≢È∞Σù≫ ùÈ
fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ‚¾È©∆È≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÓ ’ù©∞≫ù ù≫° ’ù©∞≫¾ ‰È∞©∞Σù¢ ’όù¢ Ç∆¾ÈÖÓ ◀≫ΣÐÓ
’ù£ ⁋¾»≫°ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ Ò∞¢∞Σ¾≫ ù¢¢ÖÓ ’ù£ÖÈ≬ã ‰¾≢≢∞©© ∯¾È ‰∞℡∞¢ ő∞ό∆©≬ ¾∯ ©∆ Òù≫
⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾ ùÖ fiÈùÓ ’όù¢ fi∞° Ò¾Σ∞©Öß«≢∕¢¾Ö≢≫© ’ù£ ‰≫©ÈÓ ’≬è∞ù≫ ù≫° ŹùÖ
’ù£ÖÈ≬ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ’¾≬ fi≫ό¢≬Ó —ùÈÈ∞ùό «Ù»ù¢∞©Ö ÌÒfiÓ —¥∞Σù≫ fi≢È∞Σù≫ ùÈ
fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫Ó ‚ù©∞¾≫ù¢ fi≬∞ù≫ ‗ùΣ∞∯∞Σ fi≢È∞Σù≫ ùÈ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫Ó ‚ù©∞¾≫ù¢ ’ù£ÖÈ≬
Ź»∞¢° Òù≫ ⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾ ùÖ fiÈù ‰∆ù∕©ÈÓ ‗¾∕¢ ∯¾È ©∆ fi≢È∞Σù≫ …ùÖ ⁋¾»≫°ù©∞¾≫Ó
ŗ»≫ã≬ ≫Σ∆ ùÈ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫Ó Òù≫ ⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾ ‰∆ù≢èÈ ¾∯ ‰¾≢≢ÈΣÓ Òù≫ ⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾
’ù őù¸ù ’ù£ÖÈ≬ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫Ó Òù≫ ⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾ ÇÈ∞ù¢ ’ù£ÖÈ≬ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫Ó Òù≫©ù ‰¢ùÈù
‰¾»≫©Ö ¢ùΣ² ’ù£ÖÈ≬ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫Ó Ò¾Σ∞©Ö ¾∯ fi≢È∞Σù≫ ’ù£ ÇùΣ∆È≬Ó Ò¾»©∆ fi≬∞ù≫
ùÈ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ‚¾È©∆È≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÓ ÇÈù≫≬ό≫°È ’ù£ ‰≫©ÈÓ ù≫° …¾≢≫
’ù£ÖÈ≬ ¾∯ fi¢ù≢°ù ‰¾»≫©ÖÐ
«¢∞¸ùè©∆ Ð …Ö°ÈùÓ ″ù℡∞° öÐ Źù≫≬Ó ″¾»ό¢ù≬ ÇÐ –≫°ù¢¢Ó ù≫° ý»°∞©∆ «Ð ÒΣ∆ù∯∯ÈÓ
‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ fiΣΣ¾»≫©ùè∞¢∞©Ö ‰≫©ÈÓ …ù≬∆∞≫ό©¾≫Ó ″ЉÐÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ»≬ ‰»È∞ù
‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ fiΣΣ¾»≫©ùè∞¢∞©Ö ‰≫©ÈÐ
″ù≫∞¢ öÐ ÒÙ»∞ÈÓ …∞¢≢È ‰»©¢È ‗∞Σ²È∞≫ό öù¢ ù≫° ″¾ÈÈ ’’‗Ó …ù≬∆∞≫ό©¾≫Ó ″ЉÐÁ
fi¢ù≫ «Ð ÒΣ∆¾≫∯¢°Ó ″ù℡∞° Òù∕∞È ’≬≬ÈÓ ù≫° «È∞≫ ŹÐöÐ Ò¢¾ù≫Ó …∞¢≢È ‰»©¢È
‗∞Σ²È∞≫ό öù¢ ù≫° ″¾ÈÈ ’’‗Ó ‚£ ¯¾È²Ó ‚¯Á ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ∞ ‰»È∞ù ’ό∞≬¢ù©¾È≬ ∯Ⱦ≢
Ì≫∞©° Ò©ù©≬ ý»È∞≬°∞Σ©∞¾≫≬ Ç∆ù© öù℡ ’όù¢∞¸° Òù≢ßÒ¥ —ùÈÈ∞ùόÐ
‚ù©∆ù¢∞ ⁋Ð‗Ð Ź∞¢∯¾Ö¢Ó fi≢È∞Σù≫ ‗≬ÖΣ∆¾¢¾ό∞Σù¢ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫Ó …ù≬∆∞≫ό©¾≫Ó ″ЉÐÁ ‗ù»¢
—Ð Ò≢∞©∆Ó …∞¢¢∞ù≢ —Ð ö¾∆≫όùÈ©≫Ó ù≫° ý»¢∞ù –Ð —ùÈ©∞≫¸Ó ý≫≫È ˓ ¢¾Σ² ’’‗Ó
…ù≬∆∞≫ό©¾≫Ó ″ЉÐÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ∞ ‰»È∞ù fi≢È∞Σù≫ ‗≬ÖΣ∆¾¢¾ό∞Σù¢ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫Ó Ç∆
‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ‗≬ÖΣ∆¾¢¾ό∞Σù¢ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫Ó Ç∆ fi≢È∞Σù≫ ‗≬ÖΣ∆∞ù©È∞Σ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫Ó ù≫° Ç∆
fi≢È∞Σù≫ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫ ∯¾È —ùÈÈ∞ùό ù≫° ⁋ù≢∞¢Ö Ç∆Èù∕ÖÐ
’ù»Èù …Ð È∞¢¢Ó ‚∞Σ∆¾¢ù≬ ⁋Ð ″ù»≢Ó ù≫° ő∞Σ∆ùÈ° —Ð Ò∞≢¾≫Ó –≫°ù¢¢ È∞¢¢ ˓ –¢∞όÈ
’’‗Ó ’¾≬ fi≫ό¢≬Ó ‰fiÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ»≬ ‰»È∞ù ý¾≫ Ð «∞≬≫èÈόÐ
öÈ≢ù ö∞¢¢ –ùÖÓ Ì≫∞℡È≬∞©Ö ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùëȲ¢Ö ÒΣ∆¾¾¢ ¾∯ ’ù£Ó Ȳ¢ÖÓ ‰fiÁ—∞Σ∆ù¢ ÒÐ …ù¢°Ó Ò©ù≫∯¾È° ’ù£ ÒΣ∆¾¾¢Ó Ò©ù≫∯¾È°Ó ‰fiÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ∞ ‰»È∞ù ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù
‗Ⱦ∯≬≬¾È≬ ¾∯ ⁋ù≢∞¢Ö ’ù£Ð
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 92 fh >19 )92 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 86/133
ßÏÄß
fi°È≬¾≫ ⁋Èù≫3¾∞≬Ó ö¾£ùÈ° Ì≫∞℡È≬∞©Ö ÒΣ∆¾¾¢ ¾∯ ’ù£ ‰∞℡∞¢ ő∞ό∆©≬ ‰¢∞≫∞ΣÓ
…ù≬∆∞≫ό©¾≫Ó ″ЉÐÁ fiÖ≬∆ù ‚Ð –∆ù≫Ó fi≢È∞Σù≫≬ Ì≫∞©° ∯¾È Ò∕ùÈù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ‰∆»ÈΣ∆ ù≫°
Ò©ù©Ó …ù≬∆∞≫ό©¾≫ ″ЉÐÁ Èù° …Ð Ò∞¢∞≫όÓ –ù©∆ÈÖ≫ fiÐÐ ùÈ©¾£Ó ù≫° ≫∁ù≢∞≫ ŹÐ
Ò∆ù©¸Ó —ù≫ù©©Ó ‗∆¢∕≬ ˓ ‗∆∞¢¢∞∕≬Ó ’’‗Ó ’¾≬ fi≫ό¢≬Ó ‰fiÁ ý¾≫ Ð Ò©È©ÈÓ Ò»≬ù≫ ýÐ
öùÈÈ∞≢ù≫Ó ù≫° ý¾ …Ð Ź¾¢»èÓ –²È ˓ ù≫ ‚≬©Ó ’’‗Ó Òù≫ ⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾Ó ‰fiÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ∞
‰»È∞ù ö¾£ùÈ° Ì≫∞℡È≬∞©Ö ÒΣ∆¾¾¢ ¾∯ ’ù£ ‰∞℡∞¢ ő∞ό∆©≬ ‰¢∞≫∞Σ ù≫° fi≢È∞Σù≫≬ Ì≫∞©°
∯¾È Ò∕ùÈù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ‰∆»ÈΣ∆ ù≫° Ò©ù©Ð
ý»≬©∞≫ ⁋¾È°Ó ‛ã—¢℡≫Ö ˓ —ÖÈ≬ ’’‗Ó ’¾≬ fi≫ό¢≬Ó ‰fiÁ …ù¢©È ″¢¢∞≫όÈÓ ý¾≫ù©∆ù≫
″Ð öùΣ²ÈÓ ÒùÈù∆ Ź¾¢°∯Èù≫²Ó ù≫° fi≫©¾≫ —©¢∞©≬²ÖÓ ‛ã—¢℡≫Ö ˓ —ÖÈ≬ ’’‗Ó
…ù≬∆∞≫ό©¾≫Ó ″ЉÐÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ»≬ ‰»È∞ù ‚ù©∞¾≫ù¢ ’ŹÇ ùÈ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫Ð
—ùÈ©∆ù ‰¾ù²¢ÖÓ fi©©¾È≫Ö Ź≫Èù¢Á —ù»Èù ÇÐ öù¢ÖÓ ý¾≫ù©∆ù≫ Ð —∞¢¢ÈÓ ù≫°
‰∆È∞≬©¾∕∆È –Ð ùÈÈÖßÒ≢∞©∆Ó fi≬≬∞≬©ù≫© fi©©¾È≫Ö≬ Ź≫Èù¢Ó ¾≬©¾≫Ó —fiÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ»≬
‰»È∞ù Ç∆ ‰¾≢≢¾≫£ù¢©∆ ¾∯ —ù≬≬ùΣ∆»≬©©≬Ð
‰∆È∞≬©¾∕∆È ’Ð ’è≬¾Σ² ù≫° fiÈ©∆»È ‚Ð ù∞¢ÖÓ ýÈÐÓ öù»≬∯¢° ’’‗Ó Òù≫ ⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾Ó ‰fiÁ
∯¾È fi≢∞Σ»≬ ‰»È∞ù Ç∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ÇùΣ∆È≬ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫Ð
Ò©℡≫ —Ð ⁋È≢ù≫Ó Ò©℡≫ ‰Ð Ò∆∞≫èÈόÓ ″è¾Èù∆ ≬∞≫όÈÓ ù≫° —∞Σ∆¢¢
″»©Σ∆≢ù≫Ó fi≫©∞ß″∯ù≢ù©∞¾≫ ’ùό»Ó ‚£ ¯¾È²Ó ‚¯Á ∞Σ©¾È∞ù ⁋Ð —ùȾ»¢∞≬Ó fi≫≫ù ÇÐ
‚∞¢¢Ó ù≫° È©© ýÐ fiÈ≫¾¢°Ó ŗ»∞≫≫ «≢ù≫»¢ ÌÈÙ»∆ùÈ© ˓ Ò»¢¢∞℡ù≫Ó ’’‗Ó ő°£¾¾°
Ò∆¾È≬Ó ‰fiÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ»≬ ‰»È∞ù fi≫©∞ß″∯ù≢ù©∞¾≫ ’ùό»Ð
ý¾∆≫ ‗ùÖ©¾≫Ó ″è¾ ‗Ð fi°όè∞¢Ó ù≫° ″ù¢ «Ð ö¾Ó ‚fifi‰‗ ’όù¢ ″∯≫≬ ˓
«°»Σù©∞¾≫ù¢ ⁋»≫°Ó ◀≫ΣÐÓ ‚£ ¯¾È²Ó ‚¯Á ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ»≬ ‰»È∞ù ‚fifi‰‗ ’όù¢ ″∯≫≬
˓ «°»Σù©∞¾≫ù¢ ⁋»≫°Ó ◀≫ΣÐ
–ù©∆¢≫ —Ð ‛ãÒ»¢¢∞℡ù≫ ù≫° fiè∆ù –∆ù≫≫ùÓ ‗Ȳ∞≫≬ ‰¾∞ ’’‗Ó Òù©©¢Ó …fiÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ∞
‰»È∞ù ‗Ⱦ∯≬≬¾È≬ …∞¢¢∞ù≢ ‚Ð «≬²È∞°όÓ ýÈÐÓ È»Σ fiÐ fiΣ²È≢ù≫Ó őèΣΣù ’РȾ£≫Ó
″ù≫∞¢ fiÐ ⁋ùÈèÈÓ –≫≫©∆ ’Ð –ùÈ≬©Ó ù≫° fi≫°È£ –¾∕∕¢≢ù≫Ð
Ò¾≫Öù ″Ð …∞≫≫ÈÓ È»Σ őÐ ″≢∞≫όÓ ″ù℡∞° —Ð ý¾¢¢ÖÓ ù≫° ý¾∆≫ ″Ð ⁋È°Ó ‰¾℡∞≫ό©¾≫
˓ »È¢∞≫ό ’’‗Ó Òù≫ ⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾Ó ‰fiÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ∞ ‰»È∞ù fi≢È∞Σù≫ fi≫©∆Ⱦ∕¾¢¾ό∞Σù¢fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫Ó fi≢È∞Σù≫ ‗≬ÖΣ∆¾ù≫ù¢Ö©∞Σ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫Ó ‚ù©∞¾≫ù¢ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ Ò¾Σ∞ù¢
…¾È²È≬Ó ‚ù©∞¾≫ù¢ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ Ò¾Σ∞ù¢ …¾È²È≬Ó ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ‰∆ù∕©ÈÓ fi≢È∞Σù≫
Ò¾Σ∞¾¢¾ό∞Σù¢ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫Ó ù≫° fi≢È∞Σù≫ fiΣù°≢Ö ¾∯ ‗°∞ù©È∞Σ≬Ó ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÐ
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 98 fh >19 )98 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 87/133
ßÏÉß
ý¾≫ …Ð ″ù℡∞°≬¾≫Ó ý≫≫∞∯È ‰Ð ‗∞¸ÈÓ ù≫° ÇùÈù ’Ð ¾È¢¢∞Ó ’ù≢è°ù ’όù¢ ″∯≫≬ ù≫°
«°»Σù©∞¾≫ ⁋»≫°Ó ◀≫ΣÐÓ ’¾≬ fi≫ό¢≬Ó ‰fiÁ fi¢ù≫ ’Ð ÒΣ∆¢¾≬≬È ù≫° «¢∞¸ùè©∆ ‛Ð Ź∞¢¢Ó
fi‰’Ì ⁋¾»≫°ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ‚¾È©∆È≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÓ Òù≫ ⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾Ó ‰fiÁ Ò∆ù≫≫¾≫ ‗Ð —∞≫©ÈÓ
‰∆È∞≬©¾∕∆È ⁋Ð Ò©¾¢¢Ó ù≫° ◀¢¾≫ù —Ð Ç»È≫ÈÓ ‚ù©∞¾≫ù¢ ‰≫©È ∯¾È ’≬è∞ù≫ ő∞ό∆©≬Ó Òù≫
⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾Ó ‰fiÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ∞ ‰»È∞ù fi‰’Ì ⁋¾»≫°ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ‚¾È©∆È≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÓ ŹùÖ ù≫°
’≬è∞ù≫ fi°℡¾Σù©≬ ù≫° ″∯≫°È≬Ó ’ù≢è°ù ’όù¢ ″∯≫≬ ù≫° «°»Σù©∞¾≫ ⁋»≫°Ó ◀≫ΣÐÓ
ù≫° ‚ù©∞¾≫ù¢ ‰≫©È ∯¾È ’≬è∞ù≫ ő∞ό∆©≬Ð
«È∞Σ fi¢ù≫ ◀≬ùùΣ≬¾≫Ó Òù≫ ″∞ό¾Ó ‰fiÁ Ò©ùΣÖ —Ð –ù∕¢ù≫Ó Òù≫ ⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾Ó ‰fiÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ∞
‰»È∞ù ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ⁋ù∞©∆ ∯¾È «Ù»ù¢∞©ÖÓ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ‰¾»≫Σ∞¢ ¾∯ ‰∆»ÈΣ∆≬Ó Ź≫Èù¢ ÒÖ≫¾°
¾∯ ©∆ Ì≫∞©° ‰∆»ÈΣ∆ ¾∯ ‰∆È∞≬©Ó Ì≫∞℡È≬ù¢ ⁋¢¢¾£≬∆∞∕ ¾∯ —©È¾∕¾¢∞©ù≫ ‰¾≢≢»≫∞©Ö
‰∆»ÈΣ∆≬Ó Ç∆ «∕∞≬Σ¾∕ù¢ ∞≬∆¾∕≬ ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ù≫° ’¾≬ fi≫ό¢≬Ó ‗ȾόÈ≬≬∞℡ ý£∞≬∆
fi¢¢∞ù≫ΣÓ ‗ùΣ∞∯∞Σ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ő∯¾È≢ őùèè∞≬Ó Ì≫∞©ùÈ∞ù≫ Ì≫∞℡È≬ù¢∞≬© fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫Ó
ù≫° Ì≫∞©ùÈ∞ù≫ Ì≫∞℡È≬ù¢∞≬© ’ό∞≬¢ù©∞℡ —∞≫∞≬©ÈÖ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÐ
″ù℡∞° ‰Ð ‰¾°¢¢Ó ’∞≫°ù —Ð »ÈȾ£Ó fi¢èÈ© Ź∞ù≫όÓ ù≫° ≫∁ù≢∞≫ fiÐ fi»Ó ‰ù¢°£¢¢
’≬¢∞ ˓ ‗È¾Σ©¾ÈÓ ‗‰Ó ’¾≬ fi≫ό¢≬Ó ‰fiÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ»≬ ‰»È∞ù «Ù»ù¢∞©Ö ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÐ
″∞ù≫ù «Ð ő∞Σ∆≢¾≫° ù≫° ’¾»∞≬ ‗Ð ⁋»Σ∆©èù»≢Ó Ò∞°≢ù≫ ˓ ù≫ΣȾ∯© ’’‗Ó Òù≫
⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾Ó ‰fiÁ ő∞Σ∆ùÈ° Ð ő¾≬≫©∆ù¢Ó Ç∆ ’ù£ ‛∯∯∞Σ≬ ¾∯ ő∞Σ∆ùÈ° Ð ő¾≬≫©∆ù¢Ó ‗ÐfiÐÓ
Òù≫ őù∯ù¢Ó ‰fiÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ∞ ‰»È∞ù ″¾≫ù¢° Ð –∞≫όÓ ý»≬©∞Σ ¦ő©Ð˚ ù≫° Ç∆ fi≢È∞Σù≫
fiΣù°≢Ö ¾∯ —ù©È∞≢¾≫∞ù¢ ’ù£ÖÈ≬ ¦‚¾È©∆È≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ‰∆ù∕©È˚Ð
«¢∞¸ùè©∆ ýÐ ‰ùèÈù≬ÈÓ –¢¢Ö —Ð ″È≢¾°ÖÓ È≫°ù≫ ‗Ð Ź¢ùΣ²∞≫Ó fi≫≫ Ò∆ù℡ÈÓ ù≫°fi¢∞≬¾≫ Ò©¾Σ²∞≫όÓ ’∞∯∯Ó ‰ùèÈù≬ÈÓ ö∞≢ù≫≫ ˓ È≫≬©∞≫Ó ’’‗Ó Òù≫ ⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾Ó ‰fiÁ
őùΣ∆¢ Ź≢ù≫Ó ’∞∯∯Ó ‰ùèÈù≬ÈÓ ö∞≢ù≫≫ ˓ È≫≬©∞≫Ó ’’‗Ó ‚£ ¯¾È²Ó ‚¯Á ∯¾È
fi≢∞Σ∞ ‰»È∞ù ‗Ⱦ∯≬≬¾È≬ ÈÖù≫ fi°ù≢≬¾≫Ó ýù≫© ‰¾¾∕È fi¢¥ù≫°ÈÓ ùÈèùÈù fiÐ
fi©£¾¾°Ó ùÈèùÈù ùèΣ¾Σ²Ó «È£∞≫ ‰∆≢È∞≫≬²ÖÓ ý¾≬∆»ù ‗Ð ″ù℡∞≬Ó ″ù℡∞° ’Ð ⁋ù∞ό≢ù≫Ó
‗ù≢¢ù ÒÐ –ùÈ¢ù≫Ó Ç¾≫∞ —Ð —ù≬≬ùÈ¾Ó fiÈ©∆»È —∞¢¢ÈÓ ″ù℡∞° ‛∕∕≫∆∞≢ÈÓ ý»°∞©∆
ő≬≫∞²Ó ⁋È° Ò≢∞©∆Ó ù≫° ’ùÈÈÖ ¯ùΣ²¢Ð
ÒΣ¾©© …≢Ð ″ù℡≫∕¾È©Ó ýù≬¾≫ ýÐ —¾¢≫ùÈÓ ″ùÈ∞≫ ’Ð …≬≬¢Ó ù≫° ‗©È ‰Ð ‰ù©ù¢ù≫¾©©∞Ó
—ù≫≫∞≫ό ˓ —ùÈ°ÈÓ –ù≬≬Ó «¢¢È¾°Ó őù≢∞ȸ ’’‗Ó ◀È℡∞≫Ó ‰fiÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ»≬ ‰»È∞ù Ç∆
Ò¾»©∆È≫ ‗¾℡È©Ö ’ù£ ‰≫©ÈÐ
‗©È ‛è≬©¢ÈÓ ý ¯¾»≫ό ¯¾»Ó Ò»≫©ù ″Ð ⁋È≫ù≫°≬Ó ù≫° ″¾»ό –ùÈ∕ùÓ ∞≫ό∆ù≢
—Σ‰»©Σ∆≫ ’’‗Ó Òù≫ ⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾Ó ‰fiÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ∞ ‰»È∞ù fi≬∞ù≫ fi≢È∞Σù≫ ý»≬©∞Σ
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 9= fh >19 )9= fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 88/133
ßÏÏß
‰≫©ÈÓ fi≬∞ù≫ ’ù£ ‰ù»Σ»≬Ó fi≬∞ù≫ fi≢È∞Σù≫ ◀≫≬©∞©»©Ó fi≬∞ù≫ ‗ùΣ∞∯∞Σ fi≢È∞Σù≫ ’όù¢
‰≫©ÈÓ fi≬∞ù≫ ‗ùΣ∞∯∞Σ fi≢È∞Σù≫ …¾≢≫ ’ù£ÖÈ≬ fi¢¢∞ù≫ΣÓ fi≬∞ù≫ ‗ùΣ∞∯∞Σ ◀≬¢ù≫°È
’όù¢ ‛»©ÈùΣ∆Ó fi‗◀ «Ù»ù¢∞©ÖÓ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ‰¾≫∯È≫Σ ¾∯ ©∆ ‚fifi‰‗Ó ‰∆∞≫≬ ∯¾È
fi∯∯∞È≢ù©∞℡ fiΣ©∞¾≫Ó ‰¾ù¢∞©∞¾≫ ∯¾È ö»≢ù≫ ◀≢≢∞όÈù≫© ő∞ό∆©≬ ¾∯ ’¾≬ fi≫ό¢≬Ó
–¾È≢ù©≬» ‰≫©È ù© Òù©©¢ Ì≫∞℡È≬∞©ÖÓ —¥∞Σù≫ fi≢È∞Σù≫ ’όù¢ ″∯≫≬ ù≫°
«°»Σù©∞¾≫ ⁋»≫°Ó ù≫° ∈»≫ù ◀≫≬©∞©»©Ð
Ò»≬ù≫ —Ð ‗¾∕∞² ù≫° —ÈÈ∞ fiÐ ù¢°£∞≫Ó ‰∆ù∕≢ù≫Ó ‗¾∕∞² ˓ …∆∞© ’’‗Ó Òù≫ ⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾Ó
‰fiÁ Ò»¸ù≫≫ Ð Ź¾¢°èÈόÓ ‰¢∞≫∞Σù¢ ‗Ⱦ∯≬≬¾È ¾∯ ’ù£ ù≫° ″∞ÈΣ©¾ÈÓ Ò¥»ù¢∞©Ö ˓
Ź≫°È ’ù£ ‰¢∞≫∞ΣÓ ‰¾¢»≢è∞ù ’ù£ ÒΣ∆¾¾¢Ó ‚£ ¯¾È²Ó ‚¯Á ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ∞ ‰»È∞ù
‚ù©∞¾≫ù¢ ŹùÖ ù≫° ’≬è∞ù≫ Çù≬² ⁋¾ÈΣ ⁋¾»≫°ù©∞¾≫Ó ö»≢ù≫ ő∞ό∆©≬ ‰ù≢∕ù∞ό≫Ó
fi≢È∞Σù≫ ö»≢ù≫∞≬© fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫Ó ù≫° ‰¾»Èùό ‰ù≢∕ù∞ό≫ ◀≫≬©∞©»©Ð
‚¾Ð ÛÛßÛÄÅÉÉÀ
″ù℡∞° ¾∞≬ ¦ùÈό»°˚Ó ýÈ≢Ö —Ð Ź¾¢°≢ù≫Ó ù≫° Ç∆¾°¾È öÐ Ì≫¾Ó ¾∞≬Ó ÒΣ∆∞¢¢È ˓
⁋¢¥≫È ’’‗Ó fiÈ≢¾≫²Ó ‚¯Á Ç∆¾°¾È Ð ‛¢≬¾≫Ó —ù©©∆£ ″Ð —ΣŹ∞¢¢Ó ù≫° fi≢∞È ‰Ð
ÇùÖÈù≫∞Ó Ź∞è≬¾≫Ó ″»≫≫ ˓ ‰È»©Σ∆È ’’‗Ó …ù≬∆∞≫ό©¾≫Ó ″ЉÐÁ Ç∆¾°¾È ýÐ ¾»©È¾»≬Ó ýÈÐÓ
‰∆È∞≬©¾∕∆È ″Ð ″»≬≬ù»¢©Ó Ç∆ù≫ «℡ù≫ό¢∞≬ –ù∕»ÈÓ «≫È∞Ù» fiÐ —¾≫ùόù≬Ó ù≫° ý¾≬∆»ù
ÒÐ ’∞∕≬∆»©¸Ó Ź∞è≬¾≫Ó ″»≫≫ ˓ ‰È»©Σ∆È ’’‗Ó ’¾≬ fi≫ό¢≬Ó ‰fiÁ ∯¾È ‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯≬ß
fi∕∕¢¢≬ –È∞≬©∞≫ —Ð ‗ÈÈÖÓ Òù≫°Èù Ð Ò©∞ÈÓ ‗ù»¢ ÇÐ –ù©ù≢∞Ó ù≫° ý∯∯ÈÖ ýÐ ∈ùÈÈ∞¢¢¾Ð
″≫≫∞≬ ýÐ öÈÈÈùÓ Ç∆È≬ —Ð Ò©£ùÈ© ¦ùÈό»°˚Ó ù≫° ‰∆È∞≬©∞≫ ù≫ fi²≫Ó ‰∞©Ö ù≫°‰¾»≫©Ö ¾∯ Òù≫ ⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾Ó Òù≫ ⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾Ó ‰fiÁ ∯¾È ◀≫©È℡≫¾Èß‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯ßfi∕∕¢¢ ‰∞©Ö
ù≫° ‰¾»≫©Ö ¾∯ Òù≫ ⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾Ð
fi≫°È£ ‗Ð ‗»ό≫¾Ó ’ù£ ‛∯∯∞Σ≬ ¾∯ fi≫°È£ ‗Ð ‗»ό≫¾Ó ⁋¾¢≬¾≢Ó ‰fiÁ ‰∆ùÈ¢≬ ýÐ ‰¾¾∕È
¦ùÈό»°˚Ó ″ù℡∞° öÐ Ç∆¾≢∕≬¾≫Ó ö¾£ùÈ° ‰Ð ‚∞¢≬¾≫Ó ýÈÐÓ ù≫° ‗©È fiÐ ‗ù©©È≬¾≫Ó ‰¾¾∕È
ù≫° –∞È²Ó ‗’’‰Ó …ù≬∆∞≫ό©¾≫Ó ″ЉÐÁ È∞ù≫ …Ð őù»≢ ù≫° ýù≢≬ fiÐ ‰ù≢∕è¢¢Ó fi¢¢∞ù≫Σ
″∯≫≬ ⁋»≫°Ó ÒΣ¾©©≬°ù¢Ó fi∈Á ∯¾È ◀≫©È℡≫¾Èß″∯≫°ù≫©≬ßfi∕∕¢¢ù≫©≬ ″≫≫∞≬
ö¾¢¢∞≫ό≬£¾È©∆Ó Źù∞¢ ýÐ –≫∞ό∆©Ó —ùÈ©∞≫ ⁋Ð Ź»©∞ÈÈ¸Ó —ùȲ fiÐ ýù≫≬≬¾≫Ó ù≫°
‗Ⱦ©Σ©—ùÈÈ∞ùόÐΣ¾≢Ð
ý¾≫ …Ð ″ù℡∞°≬¾≫Ó ÇùÈù ’Ð ¾È¢¢∞Ó ù≫° ‗©È ‰Ð ő≫≫Ó ’ù≢è°ù ’όù¢ ″∯≫≬ ù≫°
«°»Σù©∞¾≫ ⁋»≫°Ó ’¾≬ fi≫ό¢≬Ó ‰fiÁ Ò∆ù≫≫¾≫ ‗Ð —∞≫©ÈÓ ‰∆È∞≬©¾∕∆È ⁋Ð Ò©¾¢¢Ó ù≫° ◀¢¾≫ù
—Ð Ç»È≫ÈÓ ‚ù©∞¾≫ù¢ ‰≫©È ∯¾È ’≬è∞ù≫ ő∞ό∆©≬Ó Òù≫ ⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾Ó ‰fiÁ fi¢ù≫ ’Ð ÒΣ∆¢¾≬≬È
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 99 fh >19 )99 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 89/133
ßÏÎß
ù≫° «¢∞¸ùè©∆ ‛Ð Ź∞¢¢Ó fi‰’Ì ⁋¾»≫°ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ‚¾È©∆È≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÓ Òù≫ ⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾Ó ‰fiÁ
∯¾È fi≢∞Σ∞ ‰»È∞ù ’ù≢è°ù ’όù¢ ″∯≫≬ ù≫° «°»Σù©∞¾≫ ⁋»≫°Ó ‚ù©∞¾≫ù¢ ‰≫©È ∯¾È
’≬è∞ù≫ ő∞ό∆©≬Ó fi‰’Ì ⁋¾»≫°ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ‚¾È©∆È≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÓ ù≫° «Ù»ù¢∞©Ö ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÐ
″ù℡∞° —Ð ù¢ùèù≫∞ù≫Ó ⁋Èù≫² »≬Σ∆Ó «¢∞¸ùè©∆ ≫≬¾≫Ó ù≫° –ù©∆ÈÖ≫ ‰¾≫Èù°Ó ∞≫ό∆ù≢
—Σ‰»©Σ∆≫ ’’‗Ó Òù≫ ⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾Ó ‰fiÁ ∯¾È fi≢∞Σ»≬ ‰»È∞ù Ç∆ ùÈ fi≬≬¾Σ∞ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ Òù≫
⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾Ð
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 93 fh >19 )93 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 90/133
Û
‗ÈÈÖ ℡РȾ£≫Ó ‚¾Ð ÛßÛÄÄÎÄ
‚ÐőÐ Ò—◀ÇöÓ ‰∞ÈΣ»∞© ý»°όÓ Σ¾≫Σ»ÈÈ∞≫ό ∞≫ ∕ùÈ© ù≫° °∞≬≬≫©∞≫ό ∞≫ ∕ùÈ©
◀ ùόÈ £∞©∆ ©∆ ≢ù∁¾È∞©Öã≬ ù≫ù¢Ö≬∞≬ ù≫° °Σ∞≬∞¾≫≬ ∞≫ ∕ùÈ©≬ ◀◀◀ ù≫° ◀ ¾∯ ∞©≬
¾∕∞≫∞¾≫Ó °©È≢∞≫∞≫ό ©∆ù© ¦Û˚ ©∆ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ∆ù℡ ≬©ù≫°∞≫ό ©¾ èÈ∞≫ό ©∆∞≬ ù∕∕ù¢Á
ù≫° ¦×˚ ©∆ —¾©∞¾≫ ©¾ ùΣù© ©∆ ý»°ό≢≫© ≬∆¾»¢° è °≫∞°Ð Σù»≬ ◀ °¾ ≫¾©
ùόÈ £∞©∆ ©∆ ≢ù∁¾È∞©Öã≬ ù≫ù¢Ö≬∞≬ ¾∯ ¾©∆È ©¾∕∞Σ≬ ÈόùÈ°∞≫ό ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢∞©Ö ¾∯
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ ◀ ∆ù℡ Σ∆¾≬≫ ©¾ £È∞© ≬∕ùÈù©¢ÖР̢©∞≢ù©¢ÖÓ ◀ ù≢ ≫¾© Σ¾≫℡∞≫Σ°
©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∞≬ ≫¾© Èù©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö È¢ù©° ©¾ ù ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢ ∞≫©È≬©Ð ◀
≢»≬© ©∆È∯¾È È≬∕Σ©∯»¢¢Ö °∞≬≬≫©Ð
∯¾È ù°°È≬≬∞≫ό ©∆ ∞≬≬»≬ ≫¾£ ∕È≬≫©° è∯¾È ¾»È ∕ù≫¢Ó ◀ £ù≫© ©¾
≢∕∆ù≬∞¸ ù °∞≬©∞≫ό»∞≬∆∞≫ό ∕¾∞≫© ∞≫ ≢Ö ù≫ù¢Ö≬∞≬ ∯Ⱦ≢ £∆ù© ≢ùÖ è ù≫©∞Σ∞∕ù©° èÖ
©∆ Èù°ÈÐ Ò∞≢∞¢ùÈ ©¾ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ∞≫ ∞©≬ ∕È∞¾È ¾∕∞≫∞¾≫ Σ¾≫ΣÈ≫∞≫ό
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ ¾»È ∕ù≫¢ £ù≬ ≫¾© ©ù≬²° £∞©∆ °©È≢∞≫∞≫ό £∆©∆È ©∆∞≬
Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ù≢≫°≢≫© í∞≬ £∞≬ ¾È ≬¾»≫° ù≬ ù ≢ù©©È ¾∯ ∕¾¢∞ΣÖ ¾È £∆©∆È £Ó ù≬
∞≫°∞℡∞°»ù¢≬Ó è¢∞℡ ∞© ≬∆¾»¢° è ù ∕ùÈ© ¾∯ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ðâ Ò©Èù»≬≬ ℡Ð
ö¾È©¾≫Ó ×É ‗ÐÊ° ÆÏÓ ÅÎ ¦‰ù¢Ð ×Î˚Ð ‛»È ∕È≬¾≫ù¢ ℡∞£≬ ÈόùÈ°∞≫ό ©∆ ∕¾¢∞©∞Σù¢
ù≫° ≬¾Σ∞¾¢¾ό∞Σù¢ °èù© ¾≫ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό Ù»ù¢∞©Ö ùÈ ∞ÈÈ¢℡ù≫© ©¾ ¾»È ©ù≬²Ð ◀≫≬©ù°Ó £
ùÈ ¾≫¢Ö ù≬²° ©¾ Σ¾≫≬∞°È ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ℡ù¢∞°∞©Ö ¾∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï »≫°È ©∆
⁋◀’«″
⁋« É ×Û×
—‛’’¯ ‰Ð ″…¯«őÓ ‰’«ő–ÌÐÒÐ ‰‛ÌőÇ ‛⁋ fi‗‗«fi’Ò
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 3< fh >19 )3< fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 91/133
×
∯°Èù¢ ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ð Ç∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ∆ù≬ ù¢Èù°Ö ∞≫©È∕È©° ù≫°
ù∕∕¢∞° í©∆ ∕È∞≫Σ∞∕¢≬ ù≫° È»¢≬ ≢è¾°∞° ∞≫ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫â ©¾
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ù≫° ∯¾»≫° ∞© ℡ù¢∞°Ð Ò©Èù»≬≬Ó ×É ‗ÐÊ° ÆÏÐ
◀Ð
‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ù≫° ©∆∞È ≬»∕∕¾È©∞≫ό ù≢∞Σ∞ ¦∆È∞≫ù∯©È ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬˚ ùÈό» ©∆ù©
©∆ Ì≫∞©° Ò©ù©≬ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È©ã≬ ≬»≢≢ùÈÖ °∞≬≢∞≬≬ù¢ ∞≫ ù²È ℡Ð ‚¢≬¾≫Ó ÆÎ
ÌÐÒÐ ÏÛ ¦ÛÎÉ×˚ ¦≢≢Ð˚Ó í≢ù≫°ù©≬ È℡È≬ù¢ ¾∯ ©∆ °∞≬©È∞Σ© Σ¾»È©ã≬ È»¢∞≫όÐâ
fiΣΣ¾È°∞≫ό ©¾ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬Ó ©∆ Σ¢ù∞≢≬ Èù∞≬° ∆È ùÈ ©∆ ≬ù≢ ù≬ ©∆¾≬ È∁Σ©° ∞≫
ù²È Ó ù≫° ©∆ Σ¢ù∞≢≬ ùÈ ©∆È∯¾È ∯¾ÈΣ¢¾≬° èÖ ©∆ù© °Σ∞≬∞¾≫Ð Ç∆ ≢ù∁¾È∞©Ö
°∞≬∕≫≬≬ £∞©∆ ù²È ∞≫ ù ∯¾¾©≫¾©Ð ö¾£℡ÈÓ ¾©∆È ∯°Èù¢ Σ¾»È©≬ ∆ù℡ ∞≫°∞Σù©°
©∆ù© ù²È Ó ∞∯ ∞© ∞≬ ≫¾© Σ¾≫©È¾¢¢∞≫όÓ ù© ¢ù≬© ≬©ù≫°≬ ∯¾È ¥ÈΣ∞≬∞≫ό íÈ≬©Èù∞≫©â £∆≫ ∞©
Σ¾≢≬ ©¾ ù°°È≬≬∞≫ό °» ∕ȾΣ≬≬ ù≫° Ù»ù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ Σ∆ù¢¢≫ό≬ ùόù∞≫≬© ¢ù£≬
∕Ⱦ∆∞è∞©∞≫ό ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό èÖ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬Ð ‰∞©∞¸≫≬ ∯¾È «Ù»ù¢ ‗Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ℡Ð
È»≫∞≫ό Ó ÆÅÅ ⁋ÐÊ° ÏÅÎÓ ÏÉ ¦Ï©∆ ‰∞ÈÐ ×Ä˚Á ≬ ù¢≬¾ …∞¢≬¾≫ ℡Ð fi²Ó ÊÅÆ ⁋Ð Ò»∕∕Ð
×° Û×ÎÏÓ ÛÊÅ ¦—Ð″Ð ⁋¢ùÐ ×Å˚ ¦í ù²È ℡Ð ‚¢≬¾≫ ∞≬ è∞≫°∞≫ό ∕ÈΣ°≫© »∕¾≫ ©∆∞≬
‰¾»È© Ð Ð Ð Ðâ˚Ð »© ≬ ◀≫ È –ù≫°»Ó ÊÛÅ ÐőÐ Û×ÊÓ ÛÊÏ ¦ù≫²ÈÐ …Ð″Ð …ù≬∆Ð ×Æ˚
¦Σ¾≫Σ¢»°∞≫ό ©∆ù© í ù²È ∞≬ ≫¾© è∞≫°∞≫ό ∕ÈΣ°≫© ¾≫ ©∆ ∞≬≬»≬ ∕È≬≫©°â èΣù»≬
©∆ Σù≬ Σ≫©È° ¾≫ ∯°Èù¢ ″∯≫≬ ¾∯ —ùÈÈ∞ùό fiΣ© ù≫° èΣù»≬ í°¾Σ©È∞≫ù¢
°℡¢¾∕≢≫©≬â ∞≫°∞Σù©° ù²È £ù≬ ≫¾ ¢¾≫όÈ è∞≫°∞≫ό˚Ð Σù»≬ ù²È ∞≬ è∞≫°∞≫ό
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 3> fh >19 )3> fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 92/133
Ê
Ì≫∞©° Ò©ù©≬ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ∕ÈΣ°≫© ù≫° ≢ùÖ ∯¾ÈΣ¢¾≬ ‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯≬ã Σ¢ù∞≢≬Ó ¾≫
≢»≬© ∯¾¢¢¾£ ∞© ¾È °∞≬©∞≫ό»∞≬∆ ∞©Ð
fiÐ
◀≫ ù²È ℡Ð ‚¢≬¾≫Ó ©£¾ ≢≫ £È °≫∞° ù ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ¢∞Σ≫≬ èÖ ù —∞≫≫≬¾©ù
Σ¾»≫©Ö Σ¢È²Ð ÛÎÛ ‚Ð…Ð×° ÛÏÅÓ ÛÏÅ ¦—∞≫≫Ð ÛÎÉÛ˚Ð Σù»≬ ©∆Ö £È °≫∞° ©∆
¢∞Σ≫≬Ó ©∆ ©£¾ ≢≫ ∯∞¢° ≬»∞© ù≬²∞≫ό ©∆ù© ©∆ Σ¾»È© ∯¾ÈΣ ©∆ Σ¢È² ©¾ όÈù≫© ©∆
¢∞Σ≫≬Ð ◀°Ð ◀≫ —∞≫≫≬¾©ù Ò©ù©»©≬ ΣÐ ÅÛÉÓ ©∆ —∞≫≫≬¾©ù ≬©ù© ¢ό∞≬¢ù©»È ∆ù°
Σ¾°∞∯∞° ©∆ù© ©∆ ≬©ù© í°≉∞°∐ ≫¾© ù»©∆¾È∞¸ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό è©£≫ ∕È≬¾≫≬ ¾∯ ©∆ ≬ù≢
≬¥Ð Ð Ð Ðâ ◀°Ð ù© ÛÏÄÐ ‛≫ ù∕∕ù¢Ó ©∆ —∞≫≫≬¾©ù Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ù°°È≬≬° ≬℡Èù¢
∞≬≬»≬Ó ∞≫Σ¢»°∞≫ό £∆©∆È ©∆ —∞≫≫≬¾©ù ≬©ù©»©≬ ∕Ⱦ∆∞è∞©∞≫ό ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό èÖ ≬ù≢ß≬¥
Σ¾»∕¢≬ °≫∞° ©∆ ∕©∞©∞¾≫È≬ í©∆ Ù»ù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ ¢ù£≬â ù≬ ό»ùÈù≫©° èÖ
©∆ ⁋¾»È©≫©∆ fi≢≫°≢≫©Ð ◀°Ð Ç∆ —∞≫≫≬¾©ù Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ∆¢° ©∆ù© í≉©∐∆
Ù»ù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ Σ¢ù»≬ ¾∯ ©∆ ⁋¾»È©≫©∆ fi≢≫°≢≫© Ð Ð Ð ∞≬ ≫¾© ¾∯∯≫°° èÖ ©∆
≬©ù©ã≬ Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ∕È≬¾≫≬ ù»©∆¾È∞¸° ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖÐâ ◀°Ð ù© ÛÏÉÐ ‛≫ ù∕∕ù¢ ©¾ ©∆
Ì≫∞©° Ò©ù©≬ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È©Ó ©∆ ‰¾»È© ≬»≢≢ùÈ∞¢Ö °∞≬≢∞≬≬° ©∆ ù∕∕ù¢ í∯¾È £ù≫©
¾∯ ù ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞ù¢ ∯°Èù¢ Ù»≬©∞¾≫Ðâ ù²È ℡Ð ‚¢≬¾≫Ó ÆÎ ÌÐÒÐ ÏÛÐ
Ç∆¾»ό∆ ≫¾© ≬©ù©° ∞≫ ©∆ ≬»≢≢ùÈÖ °∞≬≢∞≬≬ù¢ ∞≫ ù²È Ó ©∆ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È©
°Σ∞≬∞¾≫ ∆ù≬ ¢¾≫ό ≬©ù≫°∞≫ό ∕ÈΣ°≫© ≬»∕∕¾È©∞≫ό ∞©Ð Ç∆Ⱦ»ό∆¾»© ¾»È ≫ù©∞¾≫ã≬
∆∞≬©¾ÈÖÓ ©∆ Ò©ù©≬ ∆ù℡ ∆ù° í©∆ ùè≬¾¢»© È∞ό∆© ©¾ ∕È≬ΣÈ∞è ©∆ Σ¾≫°∞©∞¾≫≬ »∕¾≫
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 31 fh >19 )31 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 93/133
Æ
£∆∞Σ∆ ©∆ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό È¢ù©∞¾≫ è©£≫ ∞©≬ ¾£≫ Σ∞©∞¸≫≬ ≬∆ù¢¢ è ΣÈ°∞©° Ð Ð Ð Ðâ
‗≫≫¾ÖÈ ℡Ð ‚∯∯ Ó ÎÅ ÌÐÒÐ ÉÛÆÓ ÉÊÆëÊÅ ¦ÛÏÉÏ˚Ó Èù∯∯∞È≢° ∞≫ Ò¾≬≫ù ℡Ð ◀¾£ùÓ ÆÛÎ
ÌÐÒÐ ÊÎÊÓ ÆÆ ¦ÛÎÉÅ˚Ð
—ùÈÈ∞ùόÓ ù≬ ΣÈù©∞≫ό ©∆ ≢¾≬© ∞≢∕¾È©ù≫© È¢ù©∞¾≫ ∞≫ ¢∞∯Ó ù≬ ∆ù℡∞≫ό
≢¾È ©¾ °¾ £∞©∆ ©∆ ≢¾Èù¢≬ ù≫° Σ∞℡∞¢∞¸ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ù ∕¾∕¢ ©∆ù≫ ù≫Ö ¾©∆È
∞≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ó ∆ù≬ ù¢£ùÖ≬ è≫ ≬»è∁Σ© ©¾ ©∆ Σ¾≫©È¾¢ ¾∯ ©∆ ¢ό∞≬¢ù©»ÈÐ
Ç∆ù© è¾°Ö ∕È≬ΣÈ∞è≬ ©∆ ùό ù© £∆∞Σ∆ ∕ùÈ©∞≬ ≢ùÖ Σ¾≫©ÈùΣ© ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖÓ
©∆ ∕È¾Σ°»È ¾È ∯¾È≢ ≬≬≫©∞ù¢ ©¾ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»© ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÓ ©∆ °»©∞≬ ù≫°
¾è¢∞όù©∞¾≫≬ ∞© ΣÈù©≬Ó ∞©≬ ∯∯Σ©≬ »∕¾≫ ©∆ ∕Ⱦ∕È©Ö È∞ό∆©≬ ¾∯ 辩∆Ó
∕È≬≫© ù≫° ∕Ⱦ≬∕Σ©∞℡Ó ù≫° ©∆ ùΣ©≬ £∆∞Σ∆ ≢ùÖ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»© όȾ»≫°≬
∯¾È ∞©≬ °∞≬≬¾¢»©∞¾≫Ð
—ùÖ≫ùÈ° ℡Ð ö∞¢¢ Ó Û×Å ÌÐÒÐ ÛÎÓ ×Å ¦ÛÏÏÏ˚Ð
fi≬ ý»≬©∞Σ Ò©£ùÈ© ¾∕∞≫° ∞≫ ∆∞≬ Σ¾≫Σ»ÈÈ≫Σ ∞≫ ∈ùè¢¾Σ²∞ ℡Ð ő°∆ù∞¢ Ó ù Ò©ù©
≢ùÖ ∞≫ ≢ù≫Ö Σ∞ÈΣ»≢≬©ù≫Σ≬ ùè≬¾¢»©¢Ö ∕Ⱦ∆∞è∞© ≉≢ùÈÈ∞ùό∐РһȢÖÓ
∯¾È ¥ù≢∕¢Ó ù Ò©ù© ≢ùÖ ¢ό∞©∞≢ù©¢Ö ≬ùÖ ©∆ù© ≫¾ ¾≫ Σù≫ ≢ùÈÈÖ ∆∞≬ ¾È
∆È ≬∞è¢∞≫όÓ ©∆ù© ≫¾ ¾≫ Σù≫ ≢ùÈÈÖ £∆¾ ∞≬ ≫¾© ù© ¢ù≬© ÛÆ ÖùÈ≬ ¾¢°Ó ©∆ù©
≫¾ ¾≫ Σù≫ ≢ùÈÈÖ £∞©∆¾»© ∯∞È≬© ∕ù≬≬∞≫ό ù≫ ¥ù≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫ ∯¾È ℡≫Èù¢
°∞≬ù≬Ó ¾È ©∆ù© ≫¾ ¾≫ Σù≫ ≢ùÈÈÖ £∆¾ ∆ù≬ ù ¢∞℡∞≫ό ∆»≬èù≫° ¾È £∞∯Ð
ÆÊÆ ÌÐÒÐ ÊÉÆÓ ÊÎ× ¦ÛÎÉÏ˚ ¦Ò©£ùÈ©Ó ýÐÓ Σ¾≫Σ»ÈÈ∞≫ό˚Ð
Ç∆ ≬»≢≢ùÈÖ °∞≬≢∞≬≬ù¢ ¾∯ ù≫ ù∕∕ù¢ ∯¾È £ù≫© ¾∯ ù ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞ù¢ ∯°Èù¢
Ù»≬©∞¾≫ ∞≬ ù °Σ∞≬∞¾≫ ¾≫ ©∆ ≢È∞©≬Ð ö∞Σ²≬ ℡Ð —∞Èù≫°ùÓ Æ×× ÌÐÒÐ ÊÊ×Ó ÊÆÆ ¦ÛÎÉÅ˚Ð
í≉Ì∐≫¢≬≬ ù≫° »≫©∞¢ ©∆ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ≬∆¾»¢° ∞≫≬©È»Σ© ¾©∆È£∞≬Ó ∞≫∯È∞¾È ∯°Èù¢
Σ¾»È©≬ ∆ù° è≬© ù°∆È ©¾ ©∆ ℡∞£ ©∆ù© ∞∯ ©∆ ‰¾»È© ∆ù≬ èÈù≫°° ù Ù»≬©∞¾≫ ù≬
»≫≬»è≬©ù≫©∞ù¢Ó ∞© È≢ù∞≫≬ ≬¾ ¥Σ∕© £∆≫ °¾Σ©È∞≫ù¢ °℡¢¾∕≢≫©≬ ∞≫°∞Σù©
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 37 fh >19 )37 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 94/133
Å
¾©∆È£∞≬ Ð Ð Ð Ðâ ◀°Ð ¦∞≫©È≫ù¢ Ù»¾©ù©∞¾≫ ≢ùȲ≬ ¾≢∞©©°˚Ð í≉’∐¾£È Σ¾»È©≬ ùÈ è¾»≫°
èÖ ≬»≢≢ùÈÖ °Σ∞≬∞¾≫≬ èÖ ≉©∆ Ò»∕È≢∐ ‰¾»È© »≫©∞¢ ≬»Σ∆ ©∞≢ ù≬ ©∆ ‰¾»È© ∞≫∯¾È≢≬
¦©∆≢˚ ©∆ù© ¦©∆Ö˚ ùÈ ≫¾©Ðâ ◀°Ð ù© ÊÆÆëÆÅ ¦∞≫©È≫ù¢ Ù»¾©ù©∞¾≫ ≢ùȲ≬ ¾≢∞©©°˚Ð
íÒ»≢≢ùÈÖ Ð Ð Ð °∞≬≢∞≬≬ù¢≬ ∯¾È £ù≫© ¾∯ ù ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞ù¢ ∯°Èù¢ Ù»≬©∞¾≫ Ð Ð Ð È∁Σ© ©∆
≬∕Σ∞∯∞Σ Σ∆ù¢¢≫ό≬ ∕È≬≫©° ∞≫ ©∆ ≬©ù©≢≫© ¾∯ ∁»È∞≬°∞Σ©∞¾≫ ù≫° °¾ ¢ù℡
»≫°∞≬©»Èè° ©∆ ∁»°ό≢≫© ù∕∕ù¢° ∯Ⱦ≢Ð Ç∆Ö °¾ ∕È℡≫© ¢¾£È Σ¾»È©≬ ∯Ⱦ≢
Σ¾≢∞≫ό ©¾ ¾∕∕¾≬∞© Σ¾≫Σ¢»≬∞¾≫≬ ¾≫ ©∆ ∕ÈΣ∞≬ ∞≬≬»≬ ∕È≬≫©° ù≫° ≫Σ≬≬ùÈ∞¢Ö
°Σ∞°° èÖ ©∆¾≬ ùΣ©∞¾≫≬Ðâ —ù≫°¢ ℡Ð Èù°¢ÖÓ ÆÊ× ÌÐÒÐ ÛÉÊÓ ÛÉÄ ¦ÛÎÉÉ˚ ¦∕È
Σ»È∞ù≢˚Ð Ç∆»≬Ó í≉ù∐ ≬»≢≢ùÈÖ °∞≬∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ù∯∯∞È≢≬ ¾≫¢Ö ©∆ ∁»°ό≢≫© ¾∯ ©∆ Σ¾»È©
袾£Ó ù≫° ≫¾ ≢¾È ≢ùÖ è Èù° ∞≫©¾ ≉©∆∐ ùΣ©∞¾≫ ©∆ù≫ £ù≬ ≬≬≫©∞ù¢ ©¾ ≬»≬©ù∞≫ ©∆ù©
∁»°ό≢≫©Ðâ ◀¢¢Ð Ò©ù© °Ð ¾∯ «¢Σ©∞¾≫≬ ℡Ð Ò¾Σ∞ù¢∞≬© …¾È²È≬ ‗ùÈ©ÖÓ ÆÆ ÌÐÒÐ ÛÉÊÓ
ÛÏ×ëÏÊ ¦ÛÎÉÎ˚ ¦Σ∞©ù©∞¾≫ ¾≢∞©©°˚Ð íŗ»≬©∞¾≫≬ £∆∞Σ∆ é≢È¢Ö ¢»È² ∞≫ ©∆ ÈΣ¾È°ã ùÈ
≫¾© È≬¾¢℡°Ó ù≫° ≫¾ È≬¾¢»©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆≢ ≢ùÖ è ∞≫∯ÈÈ°Ðâ ◀°Ð ù© ÛÏÊ ¦Σ∞©ù©∞¾≫
¾≢∞©©°˚Ð
Ç∆ ∁»È∞≬°∞Σ©∞¾≫ù¢ ≬©ù©≢≫©≬ ∕È≬≫©° ©¾ ©∆ Ì≫∞©° Ò©ù©≬ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È©
∞≫ ù²È ℡Ð ‚¢≬¾≫ £È ù≬ ∯¾¢¢¾£≬À
ÛÐ …∆©∆È ù∕∕¢¢ã≬ È∯»≬ù¢ ©¾ ≬ù≫Σ©∞∯Ö ù∕∕¢¢ù≫©≬ã ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό
°∕È∞℡≬ ù∕∕¢¢ù≫©≬ ¾∯ ©∆∞È ¢∞èÈ©Ö ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖ ù≫° ¾∯ ©∆∞È ∕Ⱦ∕È©Ö£∞©∆¾»© °» ∕ȾΣ≬≬ ¾∯ ¢ù£ »≫°È ©∆ ⁋¾»È©≫©∆ fi≢≫°≢≫©Ð
×Ð …∆©∆È ù∕∕¢¢ã≬ È∯»≬ù¢Ó ∕»È≬»ù≫© ©¾ —∞≫≫≬¾©ù ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 3; fh >19 )3; fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 95/133
Ä
≬©ù©»©≬Ó ©¾ ≬ù≫Σ©∞∯Ö ù∕∕¢¢ù≫©≬ã ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό èΣù»≬ 辩∆ ùÈ ¾∯ ©∆ ≢ù¢
≬¥ ℡∞¾¢ù©≬ ©∆∞È È∞ό∆©≬ »≫°È ©∆ Ù»ù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ Σ¢ù»≬ ¾∯ ©∆
⁋¾»È©≫©∆ fi≢≫°≢≫©Ð
ÊÐ …∆©∆È ù∕∕¢¢ã≬ È∯»≬ù¢ ©¾ ≬ù≫Σ©∞∯Ö ù∕∕¢¢ù≫©≬ã ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό
°∕È∞℡≬ ù∕∕¢¢ù≫©≬ ¾∯ ©∆∞È È∞ό∆© ©¾ ∕È∞℡ùΣÖ »≫°È ©∆ ‚∞≫©∆ ù≫°
⁋¾»È©≫©∆ fi≢≫°≢≫©≬Ð
Ò ◀≫ È –ù≫°»Ó ÊÛÅ ÐőÐ ù© ÛÊÉÐ
Ð
öÈÓ £ ≢»≬© ù°°È≬≬ £∆©∆È ©∆ Ù»≬©∞¾≫ è∯¾È »≬ ∞≫℡¾¢℡≬ í©∆ ∕ÈΣ∞≬
∞≬≬»≬ ∕È≬≫©° ù≫° ≫Σ≬≬ùÈ∞¢Ö °Σ∞°° èÖâ ù²È ℡Ð ‚¢≬¾≫Ó ≬»Σ∆ ©∆ù© ©∆
Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È©ã≬ ≬»≢≢ùÈÖ °∞≬≢∞≬≬ù¢ £¾»¢° ∆ù℡ ∕ÈΣ°≫©∞ù¢ ∯∯Σ© ∆ÈÐ
fi¢©È≫ù©∞℡¢ÖÓ ©∆ Ù»≬©∞¾≫ è∯¾È »≬ Σ¾»¢° è ¾≫ ©∆ù© í≢È¢Ö ¢»È²≉°∐ ∞≫ ©∆
ÈΣ¾È°â ¾∯ ù²È Ó ù≫° ©∆ ∕È≬≫© Σù≬ £¾»¢° ≫¾© è È≬¾¢℡° èÖ ©∆ Ò»∕È≢
‰¾»È©ã≬ ≬»≢≢ùÈÖ °∞≬≢∞≬≬ù¢Ð
◀≫ ©∆∞≬ Σù≬Ó ©∆ ∯¾¢¢¾£∞≫ό ∞≬≬»≬ £È ∕È≬≫©° ∯¾È È℡∞£À
ÛÐ …∆©∆È ≉‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬∐ ∆ù℡ ≬©ù≫°∞≫ό ©¾ ù∕∕ù¢ ©∆ °∞≬©È∞Σ© Σ¾»È©ã≬
∁»°ό≢≫©Ð
×Ð …∆©∆È ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ℡∞¾¢ù©≬ ©∆ ″» ‗ȾΣ≬≬ ‰¢ù»≬ ¾∯ ©∆
⁋¾»È©≫©∆ fi≢≫°≢≫© ©¾ ©∆ Ì≫∞©° Ò©ù©≬ ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ð
ÊÐ …∆©∆È ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ℡∞¾¢ù©≬ ©∆ «Ù»ù¢ ‗Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ‰¢ù»≬ ¾∯ ©∆
⁋¾»È©≫©∆ fi≢≫°≢≫© ©¾ ©∆ Ì≫∞©° Ò©ù©≬ ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ð
‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯ß◀≫©È℡≫¾È ‰∞©Ö ù≫° ‰¾»≫©Ö ¾∯ Òù≫ ⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾ ¦∆È∞≫ù∯©È Òù≫ ⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾˚
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 32 fh >19 )32 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 96/133
…∆©∆È ∕Ⱦ∆∞è∞©∞≫ό ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό èÖ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ℡∞¾¢ù©≬ °» ∕ȾΣ≬≬Û
£ù≬ ù≫ ∞≬≬» ∕È≬≫©° ù≫° °Σ∞°° ∞≫ ù²È ℡Ð ‚¢≬¾≫Ð ◀≫ ©∆∞≬ Σù≬Ó ©∆ °∞≬©È∞Σ©
Σ¾»È© °©È≢∞≫° ©∆ù© í∕¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯≬ ≬² ©¾ ¥ÈΣ∞≬ ©∆∞È ∯»≫°ù≢≫©ù¢ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖ
»≫°È ©∆ ″» ‗ȾΣ≬≬ ‰¢ù»≬Óâ ‗ÈÈÖ ℡Ð ÒΣ∆£ùȸ≫όόÈ Ó ÉÆ ⁋Ð Ò»∕∕Ð ×° Î×ÛÓ
ÎÎÊ ¦‚Ð″Ð ‰ù¢Ð ×Û˚Ó ù≫° ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ℡∞¾¢ù©° ©∆ ″» ‗ȾΣ≬≬ ‰¢ù»≬Ó
èΣù»≬ ∞© °≫∞° ‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯≬ ©∆∞≬ ∯»≫°ù≢≫©ù¢ È∞ό∆© ù≫° °∞° ≫¾© £∞©∆≬©ù≫° ≬©È∞Σ©
≬ΣÈ»©∞≫ÖÐ ◀°Ð ù© ÎÎÆëÎÅÐ »© ∞≫ ù²È Ó ©∆ —∞≫≫≬¾©ù Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© °©È≢∞≫°
©∆ù© ∕Ⱦ∆∞è∞©∞≫ό ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό èÖ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ °∞° ≫¾© ¾∯∯≫° ©∆ ″» ‗ȾΣ≬≬
‰¢ù»≬ Ð ÛÎÛ ‚Ð…ÐÊ° ù© ÛÏÄëÏÉÐ Σù»≬ ©∆ Ì≫∞©° Ò©ù©≬ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È©
íèÈù≫°° ≉©∆ù©∐ Ù»≬©∞¾≫ ù≬ »≫≬»è≬©ù≫©∞ù¢â ∞≫ ∞©≬ ≬»≢≢ùÈÖ °∞≬≢∞≬≬ù¢Ó ©∆ °»
∕ȾΣ≬≬ ∞≬≬» íÈ≢ù∞≫≬ ≬¾ ¥Σ∕© £∆≫ °¾Σ©È∞≫ù¢ °℡¢¾∕≢≫©≬ ∞≫°∞Σù© ¾©∆È£∞≬Ðâ
ö∞Σ²≬ ℡Ð —∞Èù≫°ùÓ Æ×× ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÊÆÆ ¦∞≫©È≫ù¢ Ù»¾©ù©∞¾≫ ≢ùȲ≬ ¾≢∞©©°˚Ð Ç∆ Ì≫∞©°
Ò©ù©≬ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© Σù≬≬ ∯¾¢¢¾£∞≫ό ù²È °¾ ≫¾© ≬»όό≬© ù≫Ö ≬»Σ∆ °¾Σ©È∞≫ù¢
°℡¢¾∕≢≫©≬ ∆ù℡ ¾ΣΣ»ÈÈ°Ð ÒÓ ÐόÐÓ ’ù£È≫Σ ℡Рǥù≬Ó ÅÊÎ ÌÐÒÐ ÅÅÏÓ ÅÉϦ×Ê˚ ¦í≉Ç∆∞≬ Σù≬∐ °¾≬ ≫¾© ∞≫℡¾¢℡ £∆©∆È ©∆ ό¾℡È≫≢≫© ≢»≬© ό∞℡ ∯¾È≢ù¢
ÈΣ¾ό≫∞©∞¾≫ ©¾ ù≫Ö È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ ©∆ù© ∆¾≢¾≬¥»ù¢ ∕È≬¾≫≬ ≬² ©¾ ≫©ÈÐâ ¦∞≫©È≫ù¢
Ù»¾©ù©∞¾≫ ≢ùȲ≬ ¾≢∞©©°˚˚Ð
É
∕È≬≫©° ©∆ ∯¾¢¢¾£∞≫ό ù°°∞©∞¾≫ù¢ ∞≬≬» ∯¾È È℡∞£À
ÛÐ …∆©∆È ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ ù Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ù≢≫°≢≫© ù°¾∕©° ù∯©È ù
∕¢è∞≬Σ∞© Σù≢∕ù∞ό≫ ©∆ù© ∕¢ùÖ° ¾≫ ∯ùÈ≬ ù≫° ∕È∁»°∞Σ≬ ùè¾»© ¢≬è∞ù≫≬
ù≫° όùÖ ≢≫Ó ℡∞¾¢ù©≬ ©∆ «Ù»ù¢ ‗Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ‰¢ù»≬ ¾∯ ©∆ ∯°Èù¢
‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ £∆È ∞©≬ ∯∯Σ© ∞≬ ©¾ È≢¾℡ ©∆ ∆¾≫¾È° ©∞©¢ í≢ùÈÈ∞ùόâ
軩 ≫¾© ©∆ ∞≫Σ∞°≫©≬ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ∯Ⱦ≢ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬Ó ù≫° ∞©≬
∕»È∕¾≬ ∞≬ ©¾ È≢¾℡ ©∆ ©ù∞≫© ©∆ù© ∞©≬ ≬»∕∕¾È©È≬ è¢∞℡° ©∆ ∞≫Σ¢»≬∞¾≫
¾∯ ¢≬è∞ù≫ ù≫° όùÖ Σ¾»∕¢≬ £¾È²° ¾≫ ©∆ ∞≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÐ
Ç∆ Ù»ù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ Ù»≬©∞¾≫ Èù∞≬° ∞≫ ©∆∞≬ Σù≬ ≬≢≬ ©¾ è °∞≬©∞≫ό»∞≬∆ùè¢
∯Ⱦ≢ ©∆ ∕ÈΣ∞≬ ∞≬≬»≬ ∕È≬≫©° ù≫° ≫Σ≬≬ùÈ∞¢Ö °Σ∞°° ∞≫ ù²È Ó ≬∕Σ∞ù¢¢Ö
£∆≫ ©∆ Ù»ù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ∞≬≬» ∞≬ ∯Èù≢° ù≬ Òù≫ ⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾ ù°℡¾Σù©≬Ð Ç∆ Ù»ù¢Û
∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ∞≬≬» °Σ∞°° ∞≫ ù²È È≬©° ¾≫ £∆©∆È —∞≫≫≬¾©ùã≬ íÈ∯»≬ù¢Ó ∕»È≬»ù≫©
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 38 fh >19 )38 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 97/133
Ï
©¾ —∞≫≫≬¾©ù ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ≬©ù©»©≬Ó ©¾ ≬ù≫Σ©∞∯Ö ù∕∕¢¢ù≫©≬ã ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό Ð Ð Ð ℡∞¾¢ù©≬ ©∆∞È
È∞ό∆©≬ »≫°È ©∆ Ù»ù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ Σ¢ù»≬ Ð Ð Ð Ðâ ◀≫ È –ù≫°»Ó ÊÛÅ ÐőÐ ù© ÛÊÉÐ öÈÓ
Òù≫ ⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾ ∕È≬≫©≬ ©∆ ∞≬≬» ¾∯ £∆©∆È ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ïã≬ ∯∯Σ© ¾∯ íÈ≢¾℡≉∞≫ό∐
©∆ ∆¾≫¾È° ©∞©¢ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόã 軩 ≫¾© ©∆ ∞≫Σ∞°≫© ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ∯Ⱦ≢ ≬ù≢ß≬¥
Σ¾»∕¢≬â ℡∞¾¢ù©≬ Ù»ù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫Ð Ç∆∞≬ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∞≬≬» ≢ùÖ ∆ù℡ í≢È¢Ö
¢»È²≉°∐ ∞≫ ©∆ ÈΣ¾È°â ¾∯ ù²È Ð Ì≫¢∞² —∞≫≫≬¾©ùÓ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù όÈù≫©° ≬ù≢ß≬¥
Σ¾»∕¢≬ È∞ό∆©≬ ©¾ 辩∆ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ù≫° ©∆ ∞≫Σ∞°≫©≬ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÓ è∯¾È
£∞©∆°Èù£∞≫ό ©∆ È∞ό∆© ¾∯ ùΣΣ≬≬ ©¾ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ©∆Ⱦ»ό∆ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÐ
Ç∆È∯¾ÈÓ ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢∞©Ö ¾∯ £∞©∆°Èù£∞≫ό ∯Ⱦ≢ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©∆ È∞ό∆© ¾∯
ùΣΣ≬≬ ©¾ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό °¾≬ ≫¾© ≬≢ ©¾ è ù≢¾≫ό ©∆ í≬∕Σ∞∯∞Σ
Σ∆ù¢¢≫ό≬â Èù∞≬° ∞≫ ù²È Ð ◀∯ ≬¾Ó ©∆¾»ό∆ ©∆ ∕ÈΣ°≫©∞ù¢ ∯∯Σ© ¾∯ ù²È ℡Ð
‚¢≬¾≫ ∞≬ ≫¾© Σ∆ù¢¢≫ό° èÖ ©∆∞≬ °Σ∞≬∞¾≫Ó ≬»Σ∆ ∕ÈΣ°≫© ∞≬ °∞≬©∞≫ό»∞≬∆ùè¢ ∯Ⱦ≢
©∆ °Σ∞≬∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ °∞≬©È∞Σ© Σ¾»È© ∆ÈÐ
◀◀Ð
◀≫ °Σ∞°∞≫ό ©∆∞≬ Σù≬Ó ¾≫ ≬∆¾»¢° è ≢∞≫°∯»¢ ©∆ù© ό≫Èù¢¢Ö ≬©ù© ό¾℡È≫ù≫Σ
¾℡È ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ∞≬ ≫¾© Σ∆ù¢¢≫ό° ù≬∞¢ÖÐ ö¾£℡ÈÓ £∆∞¢ í≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ∞≬ ù ≬¾Σ∞ù¢
È¢ù©∞¾≫ ≬»è∁Σ© ©¾ ©∆ Ò©ù©ã≬ ∕¾¢∞Σ ∕¾£ÈÓâ ©∆∞≬ °¾≬ ≫¾© ≢ù≫ ©∆ù© ©∆ Ò©ù©ã≬
í∕¾£È≬ ©¾ Èό»¢ù© ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ùÈ »≫¢∞≢∞©° ≫¾©£∞©∆≬©ù≫°∞≫ό ©∆ Σ¾≢≢ù≫°≬ ¾∯ ©∆
⁋¾»È©≫©∆ fi≢≫°≢≫©Ðâ ’¾℡∞≫ό ℡Ð ∞Èό∞≫∞ùÓ ÊÏÏ ÌÐÒÐ ÛÓ É ¦ÛÎÄÉ˚Ð fi ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 3= fh >19 )3= fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 98/133
Î
Èό»¢ù©∞¾≫ íΣ¾≫©ù∞≫∞≫ό ÈùΣ∞ù¢ Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫≬Óâ ≬»Σ∆ ù≬ ©∆ ¾≫ ù© ∞≬≬» ∞≫ ’¾℡∞≫ό Ó ∞≬
≬»è∁Σ© ©¾ í©∆ ℡ÈÖ ∆ù℡Ö è»È°≫ ¾∯ ∁»≬©∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ £∆∞Σ∆ ©∆ ⁋¾»È©≫©∆
fi≢≫°≢≫© ∆ù≬ ©Èù°∞©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö ÈÙ»∞È° ¾∯ ≬©ù© ≬©ù©»©≬ °Èù£≫ ùΣΣ¾È°∞≫ό ©¾ ÈùΣÐâ
◀°Ð ù© ÎÐ ö¾£℡ÈÓ ≫¾© í℡ÈÖ ≬©ù© Èό»¢ù©∞¾≫ £∆∞Σ∆ È¢ù©≬ ∞≫ ù≫Ö £ùÖ ©¾ ©∆
∞≫Σ∞°≫©≬ ¾∯ ¾È ∕ÈÈÙ»∞≬∞©≬ ∯¾È ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ≢»≬© è ≬»è∁Σ©° ©¾ È∞ό¾È¾»≬ ≬ΣÈ»©∞≫ÖÐâ
∈ùè¢¾Σ²∞Ó ÆÊÆ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÊÏÄ ¦≢ù∁¾È∞©Ö ¾∕∞≫∞¾≫˚Ð ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï °¾≬ ≫¾© ∞≫℡¾¢℡ ≬»Σ∆
ù ≬»≬∕Σ© Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ ù≫° ©∆È∯¾È ≬∆¾»¢° ≫¾© è ù≫ù¢Ö¸° »≫°È ù≫Ö ∆∞ό∆©≫°
≬ΣÈ»©∞≫ÖÓ è»© £ ≢»≬© ≬©∞¢¢ ù≬² í£∆©∆È ©∆È ∞≬ ù≫Ö Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ ∯¾»≫°ù©∞¾≫ ∯¾È ©∆
°∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫≉∐ Ð Ð Ð Ðâ Ò ’¾℡∞≫ό Ó ÊÏÏ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÎÐ
fiÐ
Ç∆ ‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯≬Ó Òù≫ ⁋Èù≫Σ∞≬Σ¾Ó ù≫° ©∆∞È ≬»∕∕¾È©∞≫ό ù≢∞Σ∞ ¦∆È∞≫ù∯©È
‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯≬˚ Σ∆ù¢¢≫ό ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï »≫°È ©∆ «Ù»ù¢ ‗Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ‰¢ù»≬ ¾∯ ©∆
⁋¾»È©≫©∆ fi≢≫°≢≫©Ð ö¾£℡ÈÓ èΣù»≬ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∞≬ íù Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫
≫∞©∆È ∞≫℡¾¢℡∞≫ό ∯»≫°ù≢≫©ù¢ È∞ό∆©≬ ≫¾È ∕È¾Σ°∞≫ό ù¢¾≫ό ≬»≬∕Σ© ¢∞≫≬Óâ ö¢¢È ℡Ð
″¾Ó ÅÎ ÌÐÒÐ ÊÛ×Ó ÊÛÎ ¦ÛÎÎÊ˚Ó ◀ °¾ ≫¾© ù°°È≬≬ ©∆ ù∕∕¢∞Σù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ≬©È∞Σ© ≬ΣÈ»©∞≫Ö
È℡∞£ ©¾ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÐ Ì≫°È ≬©È∞Σ© ≬ΣÈ»©∞≫Ö È℡∞£Ó ©∆ ό¾℡È≫≢≫© £¾»¢° ≫°
©¾ ≬©ùè¢∞≬∆ ©∆ù© ©∆ Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ ∞≬ ≫Σ≬≬ùÈÖ ©¾ ùΣ∆∞℡ ù Σ¾≢∕¢¢∞≫ό
ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢ ∞≫©È≬©Ó ù≫° ©∆È ≢»≬© ≫¾© è ù ¢≬≬ ¾≫Ⱦ»≬ ù℡ù∞¢ùè¢ ù¢©È≫ù©∞℡Ð
Ç∆ Ì≫∞©° Ò©ù©≬ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ∆ù≬ ≫¾© ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸° ©∆ù© ©∆ ∯»≫°ù≢≫©ù¢ È∞ό∆© ©¾
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 39 fh >19 )39 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 99/133
Û
≢ùÈÈÖ ∞≫Σ¢»°≬ ù ∯»≫°ù≢≫©ù¢ È∞ό∆© ©¾ όùÖ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÐ Ò ’ù£È≫ΣÓ ÅÊÎ ÌÐÒÐ ù©
ÅÉÏÐ ŹùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬ ùÈ ≫¾© ù ≬»≬∕Σ© ¾È Ù»ù≬∞ß≬»≬∕Σ© Σ¢ù≬≬Ð ö∞ό∆ ÇΣ∆ ŹùÖ≬
℡Ð ″∯Ð ◀≫°»≬Ð ÒΣÐ ‰¢ùÈù≫Σ ‛∯∯∞ΣÓ ÏÎÅ ⁋Ð×° ÅÄÊÓ ÅÉÊ ¦Î©∆ ‰∞ÈÐ ÛÎÎ˚Ð
◀ ù¢≬¾ °¾ ≫¾© ù°°È≬≬ ∞≫©È≢°∞ù© ≬ΣÈ»©∞≫Ö èΣù»≬ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ∕ÈΣ°≫©
©∆»≬ ∯ùÈ ∆ù≬ ≫℡È ∆¢° ©∆ù© ≬¥»ù¢ ¾È∞≫©ù©∞¾≫ ∞≬ ù íÙ»ù≬∞ß≬»≬∕Σ© Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫Ðâ
Ò ‰∞©Ö ¾∯ ‰¢è»È≫ ℡Ð ‰¢è»È≫ ’∞℡∞≫ό ‰©ÈÐÓ ÆÉÊ ÌÐÒÐ ÆÊ×Ó ÆÆÛëÆ× ¦ÛÎÏÅ˚Ð Ì≫°È
©∆ù© ≬©ù≫°ùÈ° ¾∯ È℡∞£Ó ό≫Èù¢¢Ö ù∕∕¢∞° ∞≫ ∞¢¢ό∞©∞≢ùΣÖ ù≫° ό≫°È Σù≬≬Ó ©∆
ό¾℡È≫≢≫© £¾»¢° ≫° ©¾ ≬©ùè¢∞≬∆ ©∆ù© ©∆ Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ ∞≬ ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞ù¢¢Ö È¢ù©° ©¾
ù≫ ∞≢∕¾È©ù≫© ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢ ∞≫©È≬©Ð Ò ∞°Ð ù© ÆÆÛÐ
Ç∆»≬Ó ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∞≬ ≬»è∁Σ© ©¾ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ È℡∞£ Èù©∆È ©∆ù≫ ©¾ ù≫Ö
∆∞ό∆©≫° ≬ΣÈ»©∞≫ÖÐ Ò ∞°Ð ù© ÆÆëÆ×Ð
Ð
íÇ∆ ⁋¾»È©≫©∆ fi≢≫°≢≫©ã≬ ∕Ⱦ≢∞≬ ©∆ù© ≫¾ ∕È≬¾≫ ≬∆ù¢¢ è °≫∞° ©∆
Ù»ù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ ¢ù£≬ ≢»≬© Σ¾¥∞≬© £∞©∆ ©∆ ∕ÈùΣ©∞Σù¢ ≫Σ≬≬∞©Ö ©∆ù© ≢¾≬©
¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞¾≫ Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞≬ ∯¾È ¾≫ ∕»È∕¾≬ ¾È ù≫¾©∆ÈÓ £∞©∆ È≬»¢©∞≫ό °∞≬ù°℡ù≫©ùό ©¾
℡ùÈ∞¾»≬ όȾ»∕≬ ¾È ∕È≬¾≫≬Ðâ ő¾≢È ℡Ð «℡ù≫≬Ó ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ Ä×Ó ÄÊÛ ¦ÛÎÎÄ˚Ð Ç∆»≬Ó
£∆≫ ù≬≬≬≬∞≫ό ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢∞©Ö ¾∯ ≢¾≬© ό¾℡È≫≢≫© ≢ù≬»È≬Ó £ »≬ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢
èù≬∞≬ È℡∞£ ∞≫ ù≫ ù©©≢∕© í©¾ ÈΣ¾≫Σ∞¢ ©∆ ∕È∞≫Σ∞∕¢ £∞©∆ ©∆ Èù¢∞©ÖÐâ ◀°Ð Ì≫°È
Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ È℡∞£Ó í£ £∞¢¢ »∕∆¾¢° ©∆ ¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞℡ Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ ≬¾ ¢¾≫ό ù≬ ∞©
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 33 fh >19 )33 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 100/133
ÛÛ
èùÈ≬ ù Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ È¢ù©∞¾≫ ©¾ ≬¾≢ ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ≫°Ðâ ◀°Ð
◀≫ Ù»ù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ù≫ù¢Ö≬∞≬Ó Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ È℡∞£ í∞≬ ≫¾© ù ¢∞Σ≫≬ ∯¾È Σ¾»È©≬
©¾ ∁»°ό ©∆ £∞≬°¾≢Ó ∯ù∞È≫≬≬Ó ¾È ¢¾ό∞Σ ¾∯ ¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞℡ Σ∆¾∞Σ≬Ðâ ö¢¢È Ó ÅÎ ÌÐÒÐ ù©
ÊÛÎ ¦∞≫©È≫ù¢ Ù»¾©ù©∞¾≫ ≢ùȲ≬ ¾≢∞©©°˚Ð fi Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ í≫∞©∆È ∞≫℡¾¢℡∞≫ό
∯»≫°ù≢≫©ù¢ È∞ό∆©≬ ≫¾È ∕È¾Σ°∞≫ό ù¢¾≫ό ≬»≬∕Σ© ¢∞≫≬ ∞≬ ùΣΣ¾È°° ù ≬©È¾≫ό
∕È≬»≢∕©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ℡ù¢∞°∞©ÖÐâ ◀°Ð íÒ»Σ∆ ù Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ Σù≫≫¾© È»≫ ù∯¾»¢ ¾∯ ©∆ «Ù»ù¢
‗Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ‰¢ù»≬ ∞∯ ©∆È ∞≬ ù Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ è©£≫ ©∆ °∞≬∕ùÈ∞©Ö ¾∯
©Èù©≢≫© ù≫° ≬¾≢ ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢ ∕»È∕¾≬Ðâ ◀°Ð ù© Ê×Ð Ç∆
ό¾℡È≫≢≫© ∞≬ ≫¾© ÈÙ»∞È° ©¾ íùΣ©»ù¢¢Ö ùÈ©∞Σ»¢ù© ù© ù≫Ö ©∞≢ ©∆ ∕»È∕¾≬ ¾È
Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ ≬»∕∕¾È©∞≫ό ∞©≬ Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫âÁ Èù©∆ÈÓ ù Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ í≢»≬© è »∕∆¢°
ùόù∞≫≬© Ù»ù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ Σ∆ù¢¢≫ό ∞∯ ©∆È ∞≬ ù≫Ö Èù≬¾≫ùè¢Ö Σ¾≫Σ∞℡ùè¢ ≬©ù© ¾∯
∯ùΣ©≬ ©∆ù© Σ¾»¢° ∕Ⱦ℡∞° ù Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ ∯¾È ©∆ Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫Ðâ ◀°Ð ¦∞≫©È≫ù¢
Ù»¾©ù©∞¾≫ ≢ùȲ≬ ¾≢∞©©°˚Ð
fi°°∞©∞¾≫ù¢¢ÖÓ ©∆ ό¾℡È≫≢≫© í∆ù≬ ≫¾ ¾è¢∞όù©∞¾≫ ©¾ ∕Ⱦ℡∞° ℡∞°≫Σ ©¾
≬»≬©ù∞≫ ©∆ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢∞©Ö ¾∯ ù ≬©ù©»©¾ÈÖ Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫Ðâ ◀°Ð Ç∆ ≢ù≬»È ù© ∞≬≬» í∞≬
≫¾© ≬»è∁Σ© ©¾ Σ¾»È©È¾¾≢ ∯ùΣ©∯∞≫°∞≫ό ù≫° ≢ùÖ è èù≬° ¾≫ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ ≬∕Σ»¢ù©∞¾≫
»≫≬»∕∕¾È©° èÖ ℡∞°≫Σ ¾È ≢∕∞È∞Σù¢ °ù©ùÐâ ◀°Ð ¦∞≫©È≫ù¢ Ù»¾©ù©∞¾≫ ≢ùȲ≬
¾≢∞©©°˚Ð í≉Ç∐∆ è»È°≫ ∞≬ ¾≫ ©∆ ¾≫ ù©©ùΣ²∞≫ό ©∆ ¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞℡ ùÈÈù≫ό≢≫© ©¾
≫όù©∞℡ ℡ÈÖ Σ¾≫Σ∞℡ùè¢ èù≬∞≬ £∆∞Σ∆ ≢∞ό∆© ≬»∕∕¾È© ∞© Ð Ð Ð Ðâ ◀°Ð ¦∞≫©È≫ù¢
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 ><< fh >19)><< fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 101/133
Û×
Ù»¾©ù©∞¾≫ ≢ùȲ≬ ¾≢∞©©°˚Ð ⁋»È©∆ÈÓ ù ¢ό∞≬¢ù©»Èã≬ ό≫Èù¢∞¸ù©∞¾≫≬ ≢ùÖ ∕ù≬≬ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢
èù≬∞≬ È℡∞£ í℡≫ £∆≫ ©∆È ∞≬ ù≫ ∞≢∕È∯Σ© ∯∞© è©£≫ ≢ù≫≬ ù≫° ≫°≬Ðâ ◀°Ð ù©
Ê×ÛÐ ◀≫ ≬»≢Ó ©∆ ≢ù≬»È ≫° ¾≫¢Ö ∆ù℡ íùÈό»ùè¢â ù≬≬»≢∕©∞¾≫≬ »≫°È¢Ö∞≫ό ∞©≬
í∕¢ù»≬∞è¢ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢≬â ©¾ ≬»È℡∞℡ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ Σ∆ù¢¢≫όÐ ◀°Ð ù© ÊÊÊÐ
ö¾£℡ÈÓ í℡≫ ©∆ ≬©ù≫°ùÈ° ¾∯ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢∞©Ö Ð Ð Ð ≢»≬© ∯∞≫° ≬¾≢ ∯¾¾©∞≫ό ∞≫ ©∆
Èù¢∞©∞≬ ¾∯ ©∆ ≬»è∁Σ© ù°°È≬≬° èÖ ©∆ ¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞¾≫Ðâ ◀°Ð ù© Ê×ÛÐ fi¢≬¾Ó ≬¾≢
∞≫©È≬©≬ ùÈ ≫¾© ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢ ∞≫©È≬©≬Ð «ÐόÐÓ ő¾≢È Ó ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÄÊÆ
¦≬©ù©∞≫ό ©∆ù© íù≫∞≢¾≬∞©Ö ©¾£ùÈ° ©∆ Σ¢ù≬≬ ¾∯ ∕È≬¾≫≬ ù∯∯Σ©°â ∞≬ ≫¾© ù ¢ό∞©∞≢ù©
ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢ ∞≫©È≬©˚Á ‰¢è»È≫Ó ÆÉÊ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÆÆÏ ¦≬©ù©∞≫ό ©∆ù© í≢È ≫όù©∞℡
ù©©∞©»°≬Ó ¾È ∯ùÈâ ùÈ ≫¾© ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢ ∞≫©È≬©≬˚Á ÌÐÒÐ ″∕ã© ¾∯ fiόÈ∞ΣÐ ℡Ð
—¾È≫¾Ó ÆÛÊ ÌÐÒÐ Å×ÏÓ ÅÊÆ ¦ÛÎÉÊ˚ ¦≬©ù©∞≫ό ©∆ù© ù íèùÈ Ð Ð Ð °≬∞È ©¾ ∆ùÈ≢ ù
∕¾¢∞©∞Σù¢¢Ö »≫∕¾∕»¢ùÈ όȾ»∕â ∞≬ ≫¾© ù ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢ ∞≫©È≬©˚Ð
fi≬ ù ό≫Èù¢ È»¢Ó ≬©ù©≬ ≢ùÖ »≬ ©∆∞È ∕¾¢∞Σ ∕¾£È ©¾ Èό»¢ù© ©∆ í≢¾Èù¢≬â
¾∯ ©∆∞È ∕¾∕»¢ù©∞¾≫Ð ÒÓ ÐόÐÓ È≢ù≫ ℡Ð ‗ùÈ²È Ó ÊÆÏ ÌÐÒÐ ×ÄÓ Ê× ¦ÛÎÅÆ˚Ð ◀≫ ∆∞≬
°∞≬≬≫© ∞≫ ’ù£È≫ΣÓ ÅÊÎ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÅÏÎëÎÛ ¦ÒΣù¢∞ùÓ ýÐÓ °∞≬≬≫©∞≫ό˚Ó ý»≬©∞Σ ÒΣù¢∞ù
ùÈό»° ©∆ù© í≉Σ∐¾»≫©¢≬≬ ∁»°∞Σ∞ù¢ °Σ∞≬∞¾≫≬ ù≫° ¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞℡ ≫ùΣ©≢≫©≬ ∆ù℡ È¢∞°
¾≫ ©∆ ù≫Σ∞≫© ∕Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ©∆ù© ù ό¾℡È≫∞≫ό ≢ù∁¾È∞©Öã≬ è¢∞∯ ©∆ù© ΣÈ©ù∞≫ ≬¥»ù¢
è∆ù℡∞¾È ∞≬ é∞≢≢¾Èù¢ ù≫° »≫ùΣΣ∕©ùè¢ã Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©≬ ù Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ ∯¾È Èό»¢ù©∞¾≫Ðâ
◀°Ð ù© ÅÏÎÐ ö ©∆≫ ≬»όό≬©° ©∆ù© ©∆ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ∆ù≬ È¢∞° ¾≫ ≢¾Èù¢∞©Ö ù≬ ©∆
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 ><> fh >19)><> fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 102/133
ÛÊ
èù≬∞≬ ∯¾È ∞©≬ °Σ∞≬∞¾≫ ≢ù²∞≫ό ù≫° ≬©ù©≬Ó í≉≬∐©ù© ¢ù£≬ ùόù∞≫≬© è∞όù≢ÖÓ ≬ù≢ß≬¥
≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÓ ù°»¢© ∞≫Σ≬©Ó ∕Ⱦ≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ó ≢ù≬©»Èèù©∞¾≫Ó ù°»¢©ÈÖÓ ∯¾È≫∞Σù©∞¾≫Ó è≬©∞ù¢∞©ÖÓ
ù≫° ¾è≬Σ≫∞©Ö ùÈ ¢∞²£∞≬ ≬»≬©ù∞≫ùè¢ ¾≫¢Ö ∞≫ ¢∞ό∆© ¾∯ ℡ù¢∞°ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ¢ù£≬ èù≬° ¾≫
≢¾Èù¢ Σ∆¾∞Σ≬Ðâ ◀° Ð ù© ÅÎÐ
ö¾£℡ÈÓ ý»≬©∞Σ ‛㉾≫≫¾È ùÈ©∞Σ»¢ù©° ù °∞∯∯È≫© ∕È≬∕Σ©∞℡ ∞≫
°©È≢∞≫∞≫ό £∆©∆È ≢¾Èù¢ °∞≬ù∕∕Ⱦ℡ù¢ ≢ùÖ ≬È℡ ù≬ ù Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ ∯¾È Ù»ù¢
∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫Ð Ò∆ ¾»©¢∞≫° ©∆ù© ≢¾Èù¢ °∞≬ù∕∕Ⱦ℡ù¢ ∞≬ ≫¾© ù ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ≬©ù© ∞≫©È≬© ©¾
∁»≬©∞∯ÖÓ èÖ ∞©≬¢∯ Ó ù ≬©ù©»© ©∆ù© èù≫≬ ∆¾≢¾≬¥»ù¢ Σ¾≫°»Σ©Ð Ò∆ ≬©ù©° ©∆ù© í≉≢∐¾Èù¢
°∞≬ù∕∕Ⱦ℡ù¢ ¾∯ ©∆∞≬ όȾ»∕Ó ¢∞² ù èùÈ °≬∞È ©¾ ∆ùÈ≢ ©∆ όȾ»∕Ó ∞≬ ù≫ ∞≫©È≬© ©∆ù© ∞≬
∞≫≬»∯∯∞Σ∞≫© ©¾ ≬ù©∞≬∯Ö Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ È℡∞£ »≫°È ©∆ «Ù»ù¢ ‗Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ‰¢ù»≬Ðâ ◀°Ð
ù© ÅÏ× ¦‛㉾≫≫¾ÈÓ ýÐÓ Σ¾≫Σ»ÈÈ∞≫ό˚Ð Ò∆ Σ¾≫©∞≫»°À í◀≫°°Ó £ ∆ù℡ ≫℡È ∆¢°
©∆ù© ≢¾Èù¢ °∞≬ù∕∕Ⱦ℡ù¢Ó £∞©∆¾»© ù≫Ö ¾©∆È ù≬≬È©° ≬©ù© ∞≫©È≬©Ó ∞≬ ù ≬»∯∯∞Σ∞≫©
Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ »≫°È ©∆ «Ù»ù¢ ‗Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ‰¢ù»≬ ©¾ ∁»≬©∞∯Ö ù ¢ù£ ©∆ù© °∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©≬
ù≢¾≫ό όȾ»∕≬ ¾∯ ∕È≬¾≫≬Ðâ ◀°Ð Ç∆ ’ù£È≫Σ ≢ù∁¾È∞©Ö ¾∕∞≫∞¾≫ ≬≢≬ ©¾ ∆ù℡
∞≢∕¢∞Σ∞©¢Ö ùόÈ° £∞©∆ ý»≬©∞Σ ‛㉾≫≫¾ÈÓ £∆≫ ∞© ≬©ù©° ©∆ù© ù Σ¾»È©ã≬ í¾è¢∞όù©∞¾≫ ∞≬
©¾ °∯∞≫ ©∆ ¢∞èÈ©Ö ¾∯ ù¢¢Ó ≫¾© ©¾ ≢ù≫°ù© ∞©≬ ¾£≫ ≢¾Èù¢ Σ¾°Ðâ ◀°Ð ù© ÅÅÎ
¦≢ù∁¾È∞©Ö ¾∕∞≫∞¾≫˚ ¦∞≫©È≫ù¢ Ù»¾©ù©∞¾≫ ≢ùȲ ¾≢∞©©°˚Ð
Ç∆È∯¾ÈÓ ≬»Σ∆ ∞≫©È≬©≬ ¦ÐόÐÓ ù≫∞≢»≬Ó ≫όù©∞℡ ù©©∞©»°≬Ó ∯ùÈÓ ù èùÈ °≬∞È
©¾ ∆ùÈ≢Ó ù≫° ≢¾Èù¢ °∞≬ù∕∕Ⱦ℡ù¢˚ ù¢¾≫ £∞¢¢ ≫¾© ≬»∕∕¾È© ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢∞©Ö ¾∯ ù
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 ><1 fh >19)><1 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 103/133
ÛÆ
≢ù≬»ÈÓ èΣù»≬ ©∆ «Ù»ù¢ ‗Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ‰¢ù»≬ °¾≬ ≫¾© ∕È≢∞© ù í≬©ù©»≬ßèù≬°
≫ùΣ©≢≫© °∞℡¾ÈΣ° ∯Ⱦ≢ ù≫Ö ∯ùΣ©»ù¢ Σ¾≫©¥© ∯Ⱦ≢ £∆∞Σ∆ ≉©∆ Σ¾»È©≬∐ Σ¾»¢° °∞≬ΣÈ≫
ù È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ ©¾ ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ≬©ù© ∞≫©È≬©≬Óâ ¾È ù íΣ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ∕È≬¾≫≬
»≫°È©ù²≫ ∯¾È ∞©≬ ¾£≫ ≬ù² Ð Ð Ð Ðâ ő¾≢È Ó ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÄÊÅÐ
◀◀◀Ð
Ç∆ ≢ù∁¾È∞©Ö Σ¾≫Σ¢»°≬ ©∆ù© í ő¾≢È ό¾℡È≫≬ ¾»È ù≫ù¢Ö≬∞≬ ≫¾©£∞©∆≬©ù≫°∞≫ό
©∆ °∞∯∯È≫Σ≬ è©£≫ fi≢≫°≢≫© × ù≫° ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓâ èΣù»≬ ¾∯ ©∆
≬∞≢∞¢ùÈ∞©∞≬ è©£≫ ©∆ ≢ù≬»È≬ ù© ∞≬≬» ∞≫ ő¾≢È ù≫° ∞≫ ©∆ ∕È≬≫© Σù≬Ð
ö¾£℡ÈÓ ©∆ °∞∯∯È≫Σ≬ è©£≫ fi≢≫°≢≫© × ù≫° ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∞≫°∞Σù© ©∆ù©
ő¾≢È °¾≬ ≫¾© °∞ÈΣ©¢Ö Σ¾≫©È¾¢ ¾»È ù≫ù¢Ö≬∞≬ ¾∯ ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢∞©Ö ¾∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫
ÏÐ
∯¾È Σ¾≢∕ùÈ∞≫ό fi≢≫°≢≫© × ©¾ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ ◀ £ù≫© ©¾ ù©©≢∕© ©¾
Σ¢ùÈ∞∯Ö ©∆ ¥©≫© ¾∯ ©∆ ‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯≬ã ∞≫©È≬© ù≬≬È©° ∆ÈÐ ‛≫ ≢»≬© »≫°È≬©ù≫° ©∆
»≫∞Ù» ≢ù≫≫È ∞≫ £∆∞Σ∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù °∯∞≫≬ ©∆∞≬ ∞≫©È≬©Ð Σù»≬ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù
Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© °∯∞≫° ù≫° Σ¢ùÈ∞∯∞° ©∆ù© ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ ∞©≬ Ò©Èù»≬≬ ℡Ð ö¾È©¾≫ ¾∕∞≫∞¾≫Ó ◀
Ù»¾© ¢∞èÈù¢¢Ö ∯Ⱦ≢ ∞©Ð
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï í∕Ⱦ∕È¢Ö ≢»≬© è »≫°È≬©¾¾° ù≬ ∆ù℡∞≫ό ù Σ¾≫≬∞°Èùè¢Ö
≫ùÈȾ£È ≬Σ¾∕ ù≫° ≢¾È ¢∞≢∞©° ∯∯Σ©â ©∆ù≫ £∆ù© ≢∞ό∆© è ©∆ Σù≬ ∞≫ ¾©∆È
≬©ù©≬Ð Ò©Èù»≬≬Ó ×É ‗ÐÊ° ù© ÄÛÐ í‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï °¾≬ ≫¾© ≫©∞È¢Ö È∕ù¢ ¾È
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 ><7 fh >19)><7 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 104/133
ÛÅ
ùèȾόù© ©∆ ù≬∕Σ© ¾∯ ù ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢ã≬ ≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È∞ό∆© ©¾ Ð Ð Ð Σ∆¾¾≬
¾≫ã≬ ¢∞∯ ∕ùÈ©≫È ù≫° ≫©È £∞©∆ ©∆ù© ∕È≬¾≫ ∞≫©¾ ù Σ¾≢≢∞©©°Ó ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢¢Ö
ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸°Ó ù≫° ∕Ⱦ©Σ©° ∯ù≢∞¢Ö È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ ©∆ù© ≫∁¾Ö≬ ù¢¢ ¾∯ ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö
èù≬° ∞≫Σ∞°≫©≬ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÐâ ◀°Ð ¦∞≫©È≫ù¢ Ù»¾©ù©∞¾≫ ≢ùȲ≬ ¾≢∞©©°˚Ð
‚¾È °¾≬ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∯»≫°ù≢≫©ù¢¢Ö ù¢©È ©∆ ≢ù≫∞≫ό ù≫°
≬»è≬©ù≫Σ ¾∯ ≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ Ù»ù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ∕È∞≫Σ∞∕¢≬ Ð Ð Ð Ð
◀≫≬©ù°Ó ©∆ ≢ù≬»È ΣùÈ℡≬ ¾»© ù ≫ùÈȾ£ ù≫° ¢∞≢∞©° ¥Σ∕©∞¾≫ ©¾
©∆≬ ≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È∞ό∆©≬Ó È≬È℡∞≫ό ©∆ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯
©∆ ©È≢ í≢ùÈÈ∞ùόâ ∯¾È ©∆ »≫∞¾≫ ¾∯ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ù≬ ù ≢ù©©È
¾∯ ≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ¢ù£Ó 軩 ¢ù℡∞≫ό »≫°∞≬©»Èè° ù¢¢ ¾∯ ©∆ ¾©∆È ¥©È≢¢Ö ≬∞ό≫∞∯∞Σù≫© ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞℡ ù≬∕Σ©≬ ¾∯ ù ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢ã≬ ≬©ù©
Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≬©ùè¢∞≬∆ ù≫ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢¢Ö ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸° ù≫° ∕Ⱦ©Σ©°
∯ù≢∞¢Ö È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ ù≫° ©∆ ό»ùÈù≫© ¾∯ Ù»ù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ ¢ù£≬Ð
◀°Ð
⁋»È©∆ÈÓ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© Σ¾≫©∞≫»°Ó íù≬ ù Ù»ù¢∞©ù©∞℡ ≢ù©©ÈÓ
©∆ ùΣ© ¾∯ ¢∞≢∞©∞≫ό ùΣΣ≬≬ ©¾ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ©¾ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬
≉©∆Ⱦ»ό∆ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï∐ °¾≬ ≫¾© ∆ù℡ ù ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞ù¢ ¾ÈÓ ∞≫°°Ó ℡≫ ù ≢∞≫∞≢ù¢
∯∯Σ© ¾≫ ©∆ ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢ ∕¢ù≫ ¾È ∯Èù≢£¾È² ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ©∆ù© ¥∞≬©° ∕È∞¾È ©¾
©∆ ù≢≫°≢≫©Ðâ ◀°Ð ù© Ä×Ð
ö¾£℡ÈÓ ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© £ù≬ ù¢≬¾ Ù»∞Σ² ©¾ ∕¾∞≫© ¾»© ©∆ù© ©∆∞≬
°∞∯∯È≫©∞ù©∞¾≫ °∞° ≫¾© °∞≢∞≫∞≬∆ ¾È ≢∞≫∞≢∞¸ í©∆ ≬∞ό≫∞∯∞Σù≫Σ ¾∯ ©∆ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢
°≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÓãâ £∆∞Σ∆ ©∆Ö Σ∆ùÈùΣ©È∞¸° ù≬ íù ℡∞©ù¢ ∯ùΣ©¾Èâ ∞≫ ©∆∞È
∕È∞¾È °Σ∞≬∞¾≫ ∆¾¢°∞≫ό ©∆ù© ∯ù∞¢∞≫ό ©¾ ∕Ⱦ℡∞° ùΣΣ≬≬ ©¾ ©∆∞≬ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ©¾ ≬ù≢ß≬¥
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 ><; fh >19)><; fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 105/133
ÛÄ
Σ¾»∕¢≬ í∞≢∕∞≫ό° »∕¾≫ ©∆ ∕È∞℡ùΣÖ ù≫° °» ∕ȾΣ≬≬ È∞ό∆©≬ ¾∯ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬
ù≫° ℡∞¾¢ù©° ©∆¾≬ Σ¾»∕¢≬ã È∞ό∆© ©¾ ©∆ Ù»ù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ ¢ù£≬ ό»ùÈù≫©° èÖ
©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ðâ ◀°Ð ù© ÅÎÓ ÄÛÐ
Ç∆È∯¾ÈÓ í‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï Èù≬¾≫ùè¢Ö ≢»≬© è ∞≫©È∕È©° ∞≫ ù ¢∞≢∞©° ∯ù≬∆∞¾≫
ù≬ ¢∞≢∞≫ù©∞≫ό ¾≫¢Ö ©∆ È∞ό∆© ¾∯ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©¾ Ù»ù¢ ùΣΣ≬≬ ©¾ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫
¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÓ ù≫° ù≬ ≫¾© ¾©∆È£∞≬ ù∯∯Σ©∞≫ό ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È∞ό∆© ¾∯ ©∆¾≬ Σ¾»∕¢≬
©¾ ≬©ùè¢∞≬∆ ù≫ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢¢Ö ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸° ∯ù≢∞¢Ö È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕Ðâ ◀°Ð ù© ÉÄÐ
fiΣΣ¾È°∞≫ό¢ÖÓ ù¢©∆¾»ό∆ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ¢∞≢∞≫ù©≬ ©∆ ùè∞¢∞©Ö ¾∯ ≬ù≢ß
≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©¾ ≫©È ∞≫©¾ ù≫ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ °≬∞ό≫ù©°
í≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÓâ ∞≫ ù¢¢ ¾©∆È È≬∕Σ©≬ ©∆¾≬ Σ¾»∕¢≬ Σ¾≫©∞≫» ©¾ ∕¾≬≬≬≬Ó
»≫°È ©∆ ≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ∕È∞℡ùΣÖ ù≫° °» ∕ȾΣ≬≬ Σ¢ù»≬≬Ó í©∆
Σ¾È ≬© ¾∯ èù≬∞Σ ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞℡ ¢όù¢ È∞ό∆©≬ ù≫° ù©©È∞軩≬ ©Èù°∞©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö
ù≬≬¾Σ∞ù©° £∞©∆ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÓâ ∞≫Σ¢»°∞≫όÓ í≢¾≬© ∯»≫°ù≢≫©ù¢¢ÖÓ ©∆
¾∕∕¾È©»≫∞©Ö ¾∯ ù≫ ∞≫°∞℡∞°»ù¢ ©¾ ≬©ùè¢∞≬∆á£∞©∆ ©∆ ∕È≬¾≫ £∞©∆ £∆¾≢
©∆ ∞≫°∞℡∞°»ù¢ ∆ù≬ Σ∆¾≬ ©¾ ≬∆ùÈ ∆∞≬ ¾È ∆È ¢∞∯áù≫ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢¢Ö
ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸° ù≫° ∕Ⱦ©Σ©° ∯ù≢∞¢Ö ∕¾≬≬≬≬∞≫ό ≢»©»ù¢ È∞ό∆©≬ ù≫°
È≬∕¾≫≬∞è∞¢∞©∞≬ ù≫° ≫©∞©¢° ©¾ ©∆ ≬ù≢ È≬∕Σ© ù≫° °∞ό≫∞©Ö ùΣΣ¾È°° ù»≫∞¾≫ ©Èù°∞©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö °≬∞ό≫ù©° ù≬ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÐâ ’∞² ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥
Σ¾»∕¢≬Ó ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ≫∁¾Ö ©∆∞≬ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ≫¾© ù≬ ù ≢ù©©È ¾∯
¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞℡ όÈùΣÓ è»© ¾∯ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È∞ό∆©Ð
◀°Ð ù© ÉÉ ¦Σ∞©ù©∞¾≫ ¾≢∞©©°˚Ð
fiÐ
◀≫ ő¾≢È Ó ‰¾¢¾Èù°¾ ℡¾©È≬ ù°¾∕©° fi≢≫°≢≫© × ©¾ ©∆ Ò©ù© ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ó
£∆∞Σ∆ í∕Ⱦ∆∞è∞©≬ ù¢¢ ¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞℡Ó ¥Σ»©∞℡Ó ¾È ∁»°∞Σ∞ù¢ ùΣ©∞¾≫ ù© ù≫Ö ¢℡¢ ¾∯ ≬©ù© ¾È
¢¾Σù¢ ό¾℡È≫≢≫© °≬∞ό≫° ©¾ ∕Ⱦ©Σ© Ð Ð Ð όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬Ðãâ ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ ù© Ä×ÆÐ
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 ><2 fh >19)><2 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 106/133
ÛÉ
fi≢≫°≢≫© × £ù≬ ∕ù≬≬° ∞≫ È≬∕¾≫≬ ©¾ ≢»≫∞Σ∞∕ù¢ ¾È°∞≫ù≫Σ≬ ≫ùΣ©° ∞≫ ℡ùÈ∞¾»≬
‰¾¢¾Èù°¾ Σ∞©∞≬ ©∆ù© ∕Ⱦ©Σ©° í∕È≬¾≫≬ °∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©° ùόù∞≫≬© èÖ Èù≬¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆∞È
≬¥»ù¢ ¾È∞≫©ù©∞¾≫Ðâ ◀°Ð Ç∆ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ¥ù≢∞≫° fi≢≫°≢≫© × »≫°È
Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ È℡∞£Ó £∆È í∞∯ ù ¢ù£ ≫∞©∆È è»È°≫≬ ù ∯»≫°ù≢≫©ù¢ È∞ό∆© ≫¾È
©ùÈό©≬ ù ≬»≬∕Σ© Σ¢ù≬≬Ó £ £∞¢¢ »∕∆¾¢° ©∆ ¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞℡ Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ ≬¾ ¢¾≫ό ù≬ ∞©
èùÈ≬ ù Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ È¢ù©∞¾≫ ©¾ ≬¾≢ ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ≫°Ðâ ◀°Ð ù© ÄÊÛÐ Ç∆ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È©
∆¢° ©∆ù© fi≢≫°≢≫© × ∯ù∞¢° Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ È℡∞£ ∯¾È ©£¾ Èù≬¾≫≬Ð ◀°Ð ù© ÄÊ×Ð
í⁋∞È≬©Ó ©∆ ù≢≫°≢≫© ∆ù≬ ©∆ ∕Σ»¢∞ùÈ ∕Ⱦ∕È©Ö ¾∯ ∞≢∕¾≬∞≫ό ù èȾù° ù≫°
»≫°∞∯∯È≫©∞ù©° °∞≬ùè∞¢∞©Ö ¾≫ ù ≬∞≫ό¢ ≫ù≢° όȾ»∕Ó ù≫ ¥Σ∕©∞¾≫ù¢ ù≫° Ð Ð Ð ∞≫℡ù¢∞°
∯¾È≢ ¾∯ ¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞¾≫Ðâ ◀°Ð íÒΣ¾≫°Ó ∞©≬ ≬∆È èÈù°©∆ ∞≬ ≬¾ °∞≬Σ¾≫©∞≫»¾»≬ £∞©∆ ©∆
Èù≬¾≫≬ ¾∯∯È° ∯¾È ∞© ©∆ù© ©∆ ù≢≫°≢≫© ≬≢≬ ∞≫¥∕¢∞Σùè¢ èÖ ù≫Ö©∆∞≫ό 軩
ù≫∞≢»≬ ©¾£ùÈ° ©∆ Σ¢ù≬≬ ∞∯ ù∯∯Σ©≬Á ∞© ¢ùΣ²≬ ù Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ ©¾ ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ≬©ù©
∞≫©È≬©≬Ðâ ◀°Ð
Ð
Ç∆È ùÈ ≬℡Èù¢ £ùÖ≬ ©¾ °∞≬©∞≫ό»∞≬∆ ő¾≢È ∯Ⱦ≢ ©∆ ∕È≬≫© Σù≬Ð ⁋∞È≬©Ó ∞≫
ő¾≢ÈÓ ©∆ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ≬©ù©° ©∆ù© í≉©∐∆ Σ∆ù≫ό fi≢≫°≢≫© × £¾È²≬ ∞≫ ©∆
¢όù¢ ≬©ù©»≬ ¾∯ όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬ ∞≫ ©∆ ∕È∞℡ù© ≬∕∆È ∞≬ ∯ùÈ ÈùΣ∆∞≫όÓ è¾©∆ ¾≫ ∞©≬
¾£≫ ©È≢≬ ù≫° £∆≫ Σ¾≫≬∞°È° ∞≫ ¢∞ό∆© ¾∯ ©∆ ≬©È»Σ©»È ù≫° ¾∕Èù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ≢¾°È≫
ù≫©∞ß°∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫ ¢ù£≬Ðâ ◀°Ð ù© Ä×ÉÐ öÈÓ í‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï Èù≬¾≫ùè¢Ö ≢»≬© è
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 ><8 fh >19)><8 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 107/133
ÛÏ
∞≫©È∕È©° ∞≫ ù ¢∞≢∞©° ∯ù≬∆∞¾≫ ù≬ ¢∞≢∞≫ù©∞≫ό ¾≫¢Ö ©∆ È∞ό∆© ¾∯ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©¾
Ù»ù¢ ùΣΣ≬≬ ©¾ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÓ ù≫° ù≬ ≫¾© ¾©∆È£∞≬ ù∯∯Σ©∞≫ό ©∆
Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È∞ό∆© ¾∯ ©∆¾≬ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©¾ ≬©ùè¢∞≬∆ ù≫ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢¢Ö ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸° ∯ù≢∞¢Ö
È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕Ðâ Ò©Èù»≬≬Ó ×É ‗ÐÊ° ù© ÉÄÐ Ç∆»≬Ó ő¾≢È ∞≬ ∞≫ù∕∕¾≬∞©Ó èΣù»≬
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ¢∞≢∞≫ù©≬ ©∆ È∞ό∆© ¾∯ ùΣΣ≬≬ ©¾ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ∯Ⱦ≢
≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬Ó Èù©∆È ©∆ù≫ £¾È²∞≫ό ù ∯ùÈ ÈùΣ∆∞≫ό Σ∆ù≫ό ∞≫ ©∆∞È ¢όù¢ ≬©ù©»≬Ð
ÒΣ¾≫°Ó fi≢≫°≢≫© ×ã≬ í≬∆È èÈù°©∆ ∞≬ ≬¾ °∞≬Σ¾≫©∞≫»¾»≬ £∞©∆ ©∆ Èù≬¾≫≬
¾∯∯È° ∯¾È ∞© ©∆ù© ©∆ ù≢≫°≢≫© ≬≢≬ ∞≫¥∕¢∞Σùè¢ èÖ ù≫Ö©∆∞≫ό 軩 ù≫∞≢»≬
©¾£ùÈ° ©∆ Σ¢ù≬≬ ∞© ù∯∯Σ©≬Ðâ ő¾≢È Ó ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÄÊ×Ð fiόù∞≫Ó ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï íΣùÈ℡≬
¾»© ù ≫ùÈȾ£ ù≫° ¢∞≢∞©° ¥Σ∕©∞¾≫ ©¾ ≉©∆∐ ≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È∞ό∆©≬â ¾∯ ∕È∞℡ùΣÖ
ù≫° °» ∕ȾΣ≬≬Ð Ò©Èù»≬≬Ó ×É ‗ÐÊ° ù© ÄÛÐ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ©∆È∯¾È ¢ùΣ²≬ ©∆ í≬∆È
èÈù°©∆â ©∆ù© ∕Ⱦ≢∕©° ©∆ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ©¾ Èù∞≬ ©∆ ∞≫∯È≫Σ ¾∯ ù≫∞≢»≬ ∞≫
ő¾≢È Ð
Ç∆ ∯∯Σ© ¾∯ ù≫∞≢»≬ ∞≬ ù¢≬¾ »≫Σ¢ùÈÐ ◀≫ ő¾≢È Ó ©∆ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ≬©ù©°
©∆ù© í¢ù£≬ ¾∯ ©∆ ²∞≫° ≫¾£ è∯¾È »≬ Èù∞≬ ©∆ ∞≫℡∞©ùè¢ ∞≫∯È≫Σ ©∆ù© ©∆
°∞≬ù°℡ù≫©ùό ∞≢∕¾≬° ∞≬ è¾È≫ ¾∯ ù≫∞≢¾≬∞©Ö ©¾£ùÈ°≬ ©∆ Σ¢ù≬≬ ¾∯ ∕È≬¾≫≬ ù∯∯Σ©°Ðâ
ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÄÊÆÐ Ç∆ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ∞≫°∞Σù©° ©∆ù© fi≢≫°≢≫© × £ù≬
Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö ∞≫℡ù¢∞°Ó èΣù»≬ ∞©≬ ¾≫¢Ö ∕»È∕¾≬ £ù≬ ù≫∞≢»≬Á fi≢≫°≢≫© × £ù≬
≫¾© í°∞ÈΣ©° ©¾ ù≫Ö ∞°≫©∞∯∞ùè¢ ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ∕»È∕¾≬ ¾È °∞≬ΣÈ© ¾è∁Σ©∞℡Ðâ ◀°Ð ù©
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 ><= fh >19)><= fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 108/133
ÛÎ
ÄÊÅÐ ◀≫ ≬∆¾È©Ó ő¾≢È £ù≬ ù Σù≬ £∆È ©∆ ¾≫¢Ö èù≬∞≬ ∯¾È ©∆ ≢ù≬»È ù© ∞≬≬» £ù≬
ù≫∞≢»≬Ð ö¾£℡ÈÓ ∞≫ ù Σù≬ £∆È ©∆ ≢ù≬»È ù© ∞≬≬» £ù≬ ∕Ⱦ≢∕©° 辩∆ èÖ
ù≫∞≢»≬ ù≫° èÖ ≬¾≢ ∞≫°∕≫°≫© ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ∕»È∕¾≬Ó ©∆ ≢ù≬»È ≢ùÖ ≬©∞¢¢ è
Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö ℡ù¢∞°Ð Ç∆ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ∆ù≬ ≬©ù©° ©∆ù© £∆∞¢ í≫όù©∞℡
ù©©∞©»°≬Óâ í∯ùÈâ ¾È ¾©∆È è∞ù≬≬ í≢ùÖ ¾∯©≫ ùΣΣ¾≢∕ù≫Ö ∞ÈÈù©∞¾≫ù¢ ¦ù≫° ©∆È∯¾È
»≫Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢˚ °∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫Ó ©∆∞È ∕È≬≫Σ ù¢¾≫ °¾≬ ≫¾© ù Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢
℡∞¾¢ù©∞¾≫ ≢ù²Ðâ °Ð ¾∯ ÇÈ»≬©≬ ¾∯ Ì≫∞℡Ð ¾∯ fi¢ùÐ ℡Ð ŹùÈÈ©© Ó ÅÊÛ ÌÐÒÐ ÊÅÄÓ ÊÄÉ
¦×Û˚ ¦°∞≬Σ»≬≬∞≫ό ‰¢è»È≫Ó ÆÉÊ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÆÆÏ˚Ð ◀∯ íù≫∞≢»≬â ∞≬ ¾≫ ≬»Σ∆ è∞ù≬Ó ∞©≬
∕È≬≫Σ ù¢¾≫ ≢ùÖ ≫¾© ≢ù² ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∞≫℡ù¢∞° ∞∯ ©∆ ≢ù≬»È ù¢≬¾ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö
È¢ù©≬ ©¾ ù ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢ ∞≫©È≬©Ð
⁋∞≫ù¢¢ÖÓ όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬ £È è»È°≫° èÖ fi≢≫°≢≫© ×Ó èΣù»≬ ∞©
í¾∕Èù©≉°∐ ©¾ È∕ù¢ ù≫° ∯¾Èè∞° ù¢¢ ¢ù£≬ ¾È ∕¾¢∞Σ∞≬ ∕Ⱦ℡∞°∞≫ό ≬∕Σ∞∯∞Σ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫
∯¾È όùÖ≬ ¾È ¢≬è∞ù≫≬ ∯Ⱦ≢ °∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫ èÖ ℡ÈÖ ¢℡¢ ¾∯ ‰¾¢¾Èù°¾ ό¾℡È≫≢≫©Ðâ
ő¾≢È Ó ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ ù© Ä×ÎÐ ◀≫ Σ¾≫©Èù≬©Ó íù¢©∆¾»ό∆ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ¢∞≢∞≫ù©≬ ©∆ ùè∞¢∞©Ö
¾∯ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©¾ ≫©È ∞≫©¾ ù≫ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ °≬∞ό≫ù©° é≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÓã ∞≫
ù¢¢ ¾©∆È È≬∕Σ©≬ ©∆¾≬ Σ¾»∕¢≬ Σ¾≫©∞≫» ©¾ ∕¾≬≬≬≬Ó »≫°È ©∆ ≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢
∕È∞℡ùΣÖ ù≫° °» ∕ȾΣ≬≬ Σ¢ù»≬≬Ó ©∆ Σ¾È ≬© ¾∯ èù≬∞Σ ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞℡ ¢όù¢ È∞ό∆©≬ ù≫°
ù©©È∞軩≬ ©Èù°∞©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö ù≬≬¾Σ∞ù©° £∞©∆ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό Ð Ð Ð Ðâ Ò©Èù»≬≬Ó ×É ‗ÐÊ° ù© ÉÉ
¦∞≫©È≫ù¢ Ù»¾©ù©∞¾≫ ≢ùȲ≬ ¾≢∞©©°˚Ð ‗»© ¾©∆È£∞≬Ó ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï °¾≬ ≫¾© è»È°≫
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 ><9 fh >19)><9 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 109/133
×
όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬ ©¾ ©∆ ≬ù≢ ¥©≫© fi≢≫°≢≫© × è»È°≫° όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬ ∞≫
‰¾¢¾Èù°¾Ð
‰Ð
‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ùÈό» ©∆ù© ©∆ ∯ùΣ© ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï £∞©∆°È£ ∯Ⱦ≢ ≬ù≢ß≬¥
Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©∆ ¥∞≬©∞≫ό È∞ό∆© ¾∯ ùΣΣ≬≬ ©¾ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ≬∆¾»¢° è
≬∞ό≫∞∯∞Σù≫© ∞≫ ¾»È Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ù≫ù¢Ö≬∞≬Ð ö¾£℡ÈÓ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© Ù»ù¢
∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ Σù≬≬ ∞≫℡¾¢℡∞≫ό Σ∆ù¢¢≫ό≬ ©¾ ≢ù≬»È≬ £∞©∆°Èù£∞≫ό ù≫ ¥∞≬©∞≫ό È∞ό∆© °¾
≫¾© ∞≫°∞Σù© ©∆ù© ©∆ £∞©∆°Èù£ù¢ ≬∆¾»¢° ù∯∯Σ© ¾»È ù≫ù¢Ö≬∞≬Ð ◀≫≬©ù°Ó ∞© ≬≢≬ ©∆ù©
©∆ Σ¾»È© ∆ù≬ »∕∆¢° ¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞¾≫ ©∆ù© £∞©∆°Èù£≬Ó Èù©∆È ©∆ù≫ È≬È℡≬Ó ≬¾≢ ¢όù¢
È∞ό∆©Ð «ÐόÐÓ ÌÐÒÐ őÐőÐ ő©Ð °Ð ℡Ð ⁋È∞©¸ Ó ÆÆÎ ÌÐÒÐ ÛÄÄÓ ÛÉÄëÉÉ ¦ÛÎÏ˚ ¦ù∕∕¢Ö∞≫ό
í©Èù°∞©∞¾≫ù¢â ∕È∞≫Σ∞∕¢≬ ¾∯ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ È℡∞£ ©¾ ‰¾≫όÈ≬≬ã≬ °©È≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫ í©∆ù©
≬¾≢ ¾∯ ©∆¾≬ £∆¾ ∞≫ ©∆ ∕ù≬© ÈΣ∞℡° ∯»¢¢ £∞≫°∯ù¢¢ è≫∯∞©≬ £¾»¢° ≫¾© Σ¾≫©∞≫» ©¾
°¾ ≬¾â˚Á ‰∞©Ö ¾∯ ‚£ ‛È¢ù≫≬ ℡Ð ″»²≬Ó Æ×É ÌÐÒÐ ×ÎÉÓ ÊÊëÅ ¦ÛÎÉÄ˚ ¦∕È Σ»È∞ù≢˚
¦Σ¾≫Σ¢»°∞≫ό ©∆ù© Σ∞©Öã≬ ¢∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ È∞ό∆©≬ ¾∯ ≬¾≢ ∕»≬∆ΣùÈ© ∯¾¾° ℡≫°¾È≬Ó è»© ≫¾©
¾©∆È≬Ó £ù≬ í≫¾© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö ∞≢∕È≢∞≬≬∞è¢â˚Ð ◀≫ ∯ùΣ©Ó ∞≫ ∞©≬ °Σ∞≬∞¾≫ ∞≫ ő¾≢È Ó
©∆ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© °¾≬ ≫¾© èù≬ ∞©≬ °Σ∞≬∞¾≫ ¾≫ ©∆∞≬ Σ¾≫©≫©∞¾≫Ð őù©∆ÈÓ ∞©
≢≫©∞¾≫° £∞©∆°Èù£∞≫ό ≬∕Σ∞∯∞Σ ¢όù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫≬ ∯Ⱦ≢ όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬ ¾≫¢Ö ∞≫
©∆ Σ¾≫©¥© ¾∯ È∯ÈÈ∞≫ό ©¾ ©∆ ∞ÈÈù©∞¾≫ù¢ ©ùÈό©∞≫ό ¾∯ ©∆ù© όȾ»∕ £∆≫ Σ¾≢∕ùÈ° ©¾
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 ><3 fh >19)><3 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 110/133
ö¾£℡ÈÓ £∆∞¢ ©∆ £∞©∆°Èù£ù¢ ¾∯ ù È∞ό∆© ≢ùÖ ≫¾© è ù≫ù¢Ö©∞Σù¢¢Ö×
≬∞ό≫∞∯∞Σù≫© ∯¾È Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ È℡∞£Ó ∞© ≢ùÖ ≬©∞¢¢ è ∯ùΣ©»ù¢¢Ö ≬∞ό≫∞∯∞Σù≫©Ð ⁋¾È
¥ù≢∕¢Ó ©∆ ∯ùΣ© ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∞≫℡¾¢℡≬ ©∆ £∞©∆°Èù£ù¢ ¾∯ ù≫ ¥∞≬©∞≫ό È∞ό∆©
ù≫° ≫¾© ©∆ ¥©≫≬∞¾≫ ¾∯ ù ∕È℡∞¾»≬¢Ö È≬È℡° È∞ό∆© ≬»όό≬©≬ ©∆ù© ý¾∆≫≬¾≫ ℡Ð
ő¾è∞≬¾≫Ó ÆÛÅ ÌÐÒÐ ÊÄÛ ¦ÛÎÉÆ˚Ó ∞≬ ∞≫ù∕∕¾≬∞© ©¾ ©∆ ∕È≬≫© Σù≬Ð ◀≫ ý¾∆≫≬¾≫Ó ©∆
Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© °Σ¢ùÈ° ©∆ù© í≉£∐∆≫ Ð Ð Ð ©∆ ∞≫Σ¢»≬∞¾≫ ¾∯ ¾≫ όȾ»∕ ∕Ⱦ≢¾©≬ ù
¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢ ∕»È∕¾≬Ó ù≫° ©∆ ù°°∞©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ¾©∆È όȾ»∕≬ £¾»¢° ≫¾©Ó £
Σù≫≫¾© ≬ùÖ ©∆ù© ©∆ ≬©ù©»©ã≬ Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ è≫∯∞Σ∞ùÈ∞≬ ù≫° ≫¾≫è≫∯∞Σ∞ùÈ∞≬ ∞≬
∞≫℡∞°∞¾»≬¢Ö °∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©¾ÈÖÐâ ◀°Ð ù© ÊÏÊÐ fi≬ ©∆ ≢ù∁¾È∞©Ö ùÈό»≬Ó ©∆ È»¢ ∯Ⱦ≢ ý¾∆≫≬¾≫ ù∕∕ùÈ≬ ©¾ è ∞≫ù∕∕¢∞Σùè¢ ∆ÈÓ èΣù»≬ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∞≫℡¾¢℡≬ ©∆
£∞©∆°Èù£ù¢ ∯Ⱦ≢ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ¾∯ ©∆ ¥∞≬©∞≫ό È∞ό∆© ©¾ ùΣΣ≬≬ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯
≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÓ ù≫° ≫¾© ©∆ ù°°∞©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©¾ ©∆ όȾ»∕ ∕È℡∞¾»≬¢Ö
È≬È℡° ©∆ È∞ό∆©Ð
×Û
©∆ ≬£∕∞≫ό Σ∆ù≫ό fi≢≫°≢≫© × ΣÈù©° ∞≫ ©∆ ¢ù£Ð ő¾≢È Ó ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ ù© Ä×ÉÐ×
″Ð
Ç∆ ùè¾℡ °∞∯∯È≫Σ≬ è©£≫ fi≢≫°≢≫© × ù≫° ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∞≫°∞Σù©
©∆ù© ő¾≢È °¾≬ ≫¾© °∞ÈΣ©¢Ö Σ¾≫©È¾¢ ∆ÈÐ ◀≫ ő¾≢È Ó ©∆ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ∯¾»≫° ©∆ù©
ù≫∞≢»≬ ù¢¾≫ £ù≬ ©∆ ∕»È∕¾≬ è∆∞≫° fi≢≫°≢≫© ×Ð öÈÓ ©∆ ≢ù∁¾È∞©Ö èùΣ²≬ ∞≫©¾
∞©≬ ∞≫∯È≫Σ ¾∯ ù≫∞≢»≬Ó ∯∞È≬© °©È≢∞≫∞≫ό ©∆ù© ù¢¢ ¾©∆È èù≬≬ ∯¾È ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ùÈ
Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö ∞≫℡ù¢∞°Ð fi≬≬»≢∞≫ό ù≫∞≢»≬ ¾È ≢¾Èù¢ °∞≬ù∕∕Ⱦ℡ù¢ £È ¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆
∕»È∕¾≬≬ ¾∯ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ ©∆ ≢ù≬»È £¾»¢° ≬©∞¢¢ ≬»È℡∞℡ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ È℡∞£ ∞∯
©∆È £È ù¢≬¾ ù ℡ù¢∞° Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ è∆∞≫° ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÐ ‛≫¢Ö ∞∯ ©∆È £È ≫¾
¾©∆È èù≬∞≬ £¾»¢° ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∯ù∞¢ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ È℡∞£Ð Ç∆»≬Ó ¾»È ©ù≬² ∞≬ ©¾
°©È≢∞≫ £∆©∆È ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï Èù©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö È¢ù©≬ ©¾ ù≫Ö ∞≫°∕≫°≫© ¢ό∞©∞≢ù©
ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢ ∞≫©È≬©Ð
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 >>< fh >19)>>< fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 111/133
××
◀Ð
◀≫ ¾»È Σù≬Ó ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ùÈό» ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ °∯∞≫∞≫ό ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ù≬ ©∆
»≫∞¾≫ ¾∯ ¾≫ ≢ù≫ ù≫° ¾≫ £¾≢ù≫Ó ∞≬ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö È¢ù©° ©¾ ù ¢ό∞©∞≢ù©
ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢ ∞≫©È≬© ∯¾È ≬℡Èù¢ Èù≬¾≫≬Ð Ò¾≢ ¾∯ ©∆¾≬ Èù≬¾≫≬ ∆ù℡ ù¢Èù°Ö
è≫ °∞≬Σ»≬≬° ∞≫ ©∆ ≢ù∁¾È∞©Ö ¾∕∞≫∞¾≫ ù≫° ≫° ≫¾ ∯»È©∆È °∞≬Σ»≬≬∞¾≫ ∆ÈÐ
ö¾£℡ÈÓ ©£¾ ¾∯ ©∆¾≬ Èù≬¾≫≬ °≬È℡ ≢¾È °∞≬Σ»≬≬∞¾≫Ó èΣù»≬ ©∆Ö ∆ù℡ è≫
ΣÈ°∞©° èÖ ¾©∆È Σ¾»È©≬À ¦Û˚ ù È≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢ ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫ ©∆¾ÈÖÓ ∁»≬©∞∯Ö∞≫ό ©∆
∞≫°»Σ≢≫© ¾∯ ≢ùÈ∞©ù¢ ÈΣ¾ό≫∞©∞¾≫ ¾≫¢Ö ∯¾È ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬Ó èΣù»≬ ∞© í≬©È≬
∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫ ∞≫©¾ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόâ èΣù»≬ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ùÈ ©∆ ¾≫¢Ö Σ¾»∕¢≬ £∆¾
Σù≫ ∕ȾΣÈù© Σ∆∞¢°È≫ ùΣΣ∞°≫©ù¢¢Ö ¾È ∞ÈÈ≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢ÖÁ ù≫° ¦×˚ ù≫ ¾∕©∞≢ù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©∞≫ό
©∆¾ÈÖÓ ∁»≬©∞∯Ö∞≫ό ©∆ ∞≫°»Σ≢≫© ¾∯ ≢ùÈ∞©ù¢ ÈΣ¾ό≫∞©∞¾≫ ¾≫¢Ö ∯¾È ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥
Σ¾»∕¢≬Ó èΣù»≬ ©∆ ∯ù≢∞¢Ö ≬©È»Σ©»È ¾∯ ©£¾ Σ¾≢≢∞©©° è∞¾¢¾ό∞Σù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©≬á¾≫
≢ù≫ ù≫° ¾≫ £¾≢ù≫á∞≬ ©∆ ¾∕©∞≢ù¢ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬∆∞∕ ∯¾È Èù∞≬∞≫ό Σ∆∞¢°È≫Ð ÒÓ ÐόÐÓ
‰∞©∞¸≫≬ ∯¾È «Ù»ù¢ ‗Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫Ó ÆÅÅ ⁋ÐÊ° ù© ÏÄÉëÄÏÐ
fiÐ
‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ùÈό» ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÓ °∯∞≫∞≫ό ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ù≬ ©∆ »≫∞¾≫ ¾∯ ¾≫
≢ù≫ ù≫° ¾≫ £¾≢ù≫Ó ∕È≬È℡≬ ©∆ ∯»≫°ù≢≫©ù¢ ù≫° ∆∞≬©¾È∞Σù¢ ∕»È∕¾≬≬ ¾∯
≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÐ Ç∆Ö ùÈό» ©∆ù©Ó ∞∯ ©∆ °∯∞≫∞©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό è©£≫ ù ≢ù≫ ù≫° ù
£¾≢ù≫ ∞≬ Σ∆ù≫ό°Ó ∞© £¾»¢° ∯»≫°ù≢≫©ù¢¢Ö È°∯∞≫ ©∆ ©È≢ ∯Ⱦ≢ ∞©≬ ¾È∞ό∞≫ù¢ ù≫°
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 >>> fh >19)>>> fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 112/133
×Ê
∆∞≬©¾È∞Σù¢ ∕ȾΣÈù©∞℡ ∕»È∕¾≬Ð Ç∆∞≬ ≬∆∞∯© ∞≫ ∕»È∕¾≬ £¾»¢° £ù²≫ ≬¾Σ∞©Öã≬
∕ÈΣ∕©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ ∞≢∕¾È©ù≫Σ ¾∯ ≫©È∞≫ό ∞≫©¾ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ©¾ ∆ù℡ Σ∆∞¢°È≫Ó £∆∞Σ∆
£¾»¢° ∞≫ΣÈù≬ ©∆ ¢∞²¢∞∆¾¾° ©∆ù© Σ¾»∕¢≬ £¾»¢° Σ∆¾¾≬ ©¾ Σ¾∆ùè∞©ù© Èù©∆È ©∆ù≫
©¾ ό© ≢ùÈÈ∞°Ð Ç∆Ö ù¢≬¾ ùÈό» ©∆ù© ∞ÈÈ≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢ ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫Ó èÖ ùΣΣ∞°≫© ¾È
£∞¢¢∯»¢¢Ö ∞≫ ù Σ¾∆ùè∞©ù©∞¾≫ È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕Ó £∞¢¢ È≬»¢© ∞≫ ¢≬≬ ≬©ùè¢ Σ∞ÈΣ»≢≬©ù≫Σ≬ ∯¾È
Σ∆∞¢°È≫ ù≫° ©∆ù© ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ °¾ ≫¾© ∕È≬≫© ©∆∞≬ ©∆Èù© ¾∯ ∞ÈÈ≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢
∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫Ð Ç∆Ö ùÈό» ©∆ù©Ó ∞≫ ©∆ Σù≬ ¾∯ »≫∞≫©≫°° ∕Èό≫ù≫Σ∞≬Ó ©∆ Ù»≬©∞¾≫ ∞≬
≫¾© £∆©∆È ©∆ Σ∆∞¢° £∞¢¢ è Èù∞≬° èÖ ©£¾ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ ∕ùÈ≫©≬Ó è»© Èù©∆È £∆©∆È
∞© £∞¢¢ è Èù∞≬°Ó ¾≫ ©∆ ¾≫ ∆ù≫° èÖ ©£¾ ∕ùÈ≫©≬Ó ¾È ¾≫ ©∆ ¾©∆È ∆ù≫° èÖ ∞©≬ ≢¾©∆È
ù¢¾≫ ¦¾∯©≫ £∞©∆ ©∆ ù≬≬∞≬©ù≫Σ ¾∯ ©∆ ≬©ù©˚Ð í‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ≬²≬ ©¾ Σ∆ù≫≫¢
∕¾©≫©∞ù¢¢Ö ∕ȾΣÈù©∞℡ Σ¾≫°»Σ© ∞≫©¾ È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬ £∆È ©∆ù© Σ¾≫°»Σ© ∞≬ ¢∞²¢Ö ©¾
∯»È©∆ÈÓ Èù©∆È ©∆ù≫ ∆ùÈ≢Ó ≬¾Σ∞©Öã≬ ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ È≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢ ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫ ù≫°
Σ∆∞¢°ÈùÈ∞≫όÐâ
‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ù¢≬¾ ùÈό» ©∆ í¾∕©∞≢ù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©∞≫όâ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ ≬È℡≬ ù≬ ù Èù©∞¾≫ù¢
èù≬∞≬ ∯¾È ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÐ Ç∆ ¾∕©∞≢ù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©∞≫ό Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ ∕¾≬∞©≬ ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï
∕Ⱦ≢¾©≬ ©∆ ¾∕©∞≢ù¢ ≬©©∞≫ό ∯¾È ©∆ È≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢ Èù∞≬∞≫ό ù≫° ΣùÈ ¾∯ Σ∆∞¢°È≫áèÖ
©∆∞È è∞¾¢¾ό∞Σù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©≬ ∞≫ ù ≬©ùè¢ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕Ð ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ¾∯∯È ≢ù≫Ö
∁»°∞Σ∞ù¢ °Σ∞≬∞¾≫≬ ù≫° ≬Σ¾≫°ùÈÖ ù»©∆¾È∞©∞≬ ≬»∕∕¾È©∞≫ό 辩∆ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢≬Ð
◀≫ ≬»≢Ó ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ùÈό» ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∞≬ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö È¢ù©° ©¾ ¢ό∞©∞≢ù©
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 >>1 fh >19)>>1 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 113/133
Ç∆∞≬ ÈÙ»∞È≢≫© ∞≬ ù≬∞¢Ö ≢©Ó èΣù»≬ í≉℡∐∞È©»ù¢¢Ö ù≫Ö ό¾ù¢ ©∆ù© ∞≬ ≫¾©Ê
∯¾Èè∞°°≫ èÖ ©∆ ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ £∞¢¢ è °≢° ≬»∯∯∞Σ∞≫© ©¾ ≢© ©∆ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬
©≬©Ðâ «È£∞≫ ‰∆≢È∞≫≬²ÖÓ ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ’ù£À ‗È∞≫Σ∞∕¢≬ ù≫° ‗¾¢∞Σ∞≬ ÄÎÏ ¦Æ©∆
°Ð ×ÛÛ˚Ð
×Æ
ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢ ∞≫©È≬©≬Ð
Ð
Ç∆ ∯∞È≬© ÈÙ»∞È≢≫© ¾∯ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ È℡∞£ ∞≬ ©∆ù© ©∆È ≢»≬© è ≬¾≢
Σ¾≫Σ∞℡ùè¢ ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢ ∞≫©È≬© ∯¾È ©∆ ≢ù≬»È ù© ∞≬≬»ÐÊ
ÛÐ
Ç∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ∞≫°∞Σù©° ©∆ù© È≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢ ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫ ∞≬ ù
¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢ ∞≫©È≬©À
…∆©∆È ¾È ≫¾© ©∆ ≬©ù©ã≬ ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ ≫Σ¾»Èùό∞≫ό È≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢
∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫ ∕Ⱦ∕È¢Ö Σù≫ è ℡∞£° ù≬ ù Èù≬¾≫ùè¢Ö Σ¾≫Σ∞℡ùè¢
∁»≬©∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ ∯¾È ©∆ ≬©ù©»©¾ÈÖ ¢∞≢∞©ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ©¾ ù ≢ù≫ ù≫° ù
£¾≢ù≫ ∯¾È ∕»È∕¾≬≬ ¾∯ ©∆ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ Ù»ù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ≬©ù≫°ùÈ°Ó
©∆∞≬ ∞≫©È≬© Σ¢ùÈ¢Ö °¾≬ ≫¾© ∕Ⱦ℡∞° ù≫ ù∕∕Ⱦ∕È∞ù© èù≬∞≬ ∯¾È °∯∞≫∞≫ό
¾È ¢∞≢∞©∞≫ό ©∆ ≬Σ¾∕ ¾∯ ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖÐ Ð Ð Ð
≉fi∐¢©∆¾»ό∆ ©∆ ≬©ù© »≫°≫∞ùè¢Ö ∆ù≬ ù ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ ∕Ⱦ≢¾©∞≫ό
íÈ≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢ ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫Óâ ©∆ù© ∞≫©È≬© Σù≫≫¾© è ℡∞£° ù≬ ù ℡ù¢∞°
èù≬∞≬ ∯¾È °∯∞≫∞≫ό ¾È ¢∞≢∞©∞≫ό ©∆ Σ¢ù≬≬ ¾∯ ∕È≬¾≫≬ £∆¾ ≢ùÖ Σ¢ù∞≢ ©∆
∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ ∯»≫°ù≢≫©ù¢ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖÐ
◀≫ È —ùÈÈ∞ùό ‰ù≬≬Ó ÛÏÊ ‗ÐÊ° ÊÏÆÓ ÆÊ× ¦‰ù¢Ð ×Ï˚ ¦≢∕∆ù≬∞≬ ù°°°˚Ó
≬»∕È≬°° èÖ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ù≢≫°≢≫© ù≬ ≬©ù©° ∞≫ Ò©Èù»≬≬Ó ×É ‗ÐÊ° ÆÏÐ
×Ð
…∞©∆ ÈόùÈ° ©¾ ©∆ ¾∕©∞≢ù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©∞≫ό Èù©∞¾≫ù¢Ó ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È©
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 >>7 fh >19)>>7 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 114/133
×Å
≬©ù©° ©∆ ∯¾¢¢¾£∞≫ό ùè¾»© í©∆ ≬©ù©ã≬ ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ ∯¾≬©È∞≫ό ù ∯ù℡¾Èùè¢ ≫℡∞Ⱦ≫≢≫©
∯¾È ©∆ ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫ ù≫° Èù∞≬∞≫ό ¾∯ Σ∆∞¢°È≫âÀ
≉fi∐¢©∆¾»ό∆ ∕Ⱦ≢¾©∞≫ό ù≫° ∯ùΣ∞¢∞©ù©∞≫ό ù ≬©ùè¢ ≫℡∞Ⱦ≫≢≫© ∯¾È ©∆
∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫ ù≫° Èù∞≬∞≫ό ¾∯ Σ∆∞¢°È≫ ∞≬ »≫Ù»≬©∞¾≫ùè¢Ö ¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ ℡∞©ù¢¢Ö
∞≢∕¾È©ù≫© ∕»È∕¾≬≬ »≫°È¢Ö∞≫ό ©∆ ∞≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ù≫° ©∆
Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖÓ ∕ù≬© Σù≬≬ ≢ù² Σ¢ùÈ ©∆ù© ©∆∞≬ È∞ό∆© ∞≬
≫¾© Σ¾≫∯∞≫° ©¾Ó ¾È È≬©È∞Σ©∞℡¢Ö °∯∞≫° èÖÓ ©∆ù© ∕»È∕¾≬ ù¢¾≫Ð fi≬
≫¾©° ùè¾℡Ó ¾»È ∕ù≬© Σù≬≬ ∆ù℡ ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸° ©∆ù© ©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖ ∞≬
©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≫©È ∞≫©¾ ù È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ ©∆ù© ∞≬ ©∆ Σ≫©È ¾∯ ©∆ ∕È≬¾≫ù¢
ù∯∯Σ©∞¾≫≬ ©∆ù© ≫≫¾è¢ ù≫° ≫È∞Σ∆ ∆»≢ù≫ ¢∞∯áù È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ ©∆ù© ∞≬ ù©
¾≫Σ ©∆ ≢¾≬© ≬¾Σ∞ù¢¢Ö ∕Ⱦ°»Σ©∞℡ ù≫° ∞≫°∞℡∞°»ù¢¢Ö ∯»¢∯∞¢¢∞≫ό
È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ ©∆ù© ¾≫ Σù≫ ≫∁¾Ö ∞≫ ©∆ Σ¾»È≬ ¾∯ ù ¢∞∯©∞≢Ð Ç∆ ∕È≬¾≫ù¢ ≫È∞Σ∆≢≫© ù∯∯¾È°° èÖ ©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖ ≢ùÖ è ¾è©ù∞≫°
èÖ ù Σ¾»∕¢ £∆©∆È ¾È ≫¾© ©∆Ö Σ∆¾¾≬ ©¾ ∆ù℡ Σ∆∞¢°È≫Ó ù≫° ©∆ È∞ό∆©
©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖ ≫℡È ∆ù≬ è≫ ¢∞≢∞©° ©¾ ©∆¾≬ £∆¾ ∕¢ù≫ ¾È °≬∞È ©¾ ∆ù℡
Σ∆∞¢°È≫Ð Ð Ð Ð ≉Ç∐∆ ≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖ Ð Ð Ð Σù≫≫¾©
∕Ⱦ∕È¢Ö è °∯∞≫° èÖ ¾È ¢∞≢∞©° ©¾ ©∆ ≬©ù©ã≬ ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ ∯¾≬©È∞≫ό ù
∯ù℡¾Èùè¢ ≫℡∞Ⱦ≫≢≫© ∯¾È ©∆ ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫ ù≫° Èù∞≬∞≫ό ¾∯ Σ∆∞¢°È≫Ð
—ùÈÈ∞ùό ‰ù≬≬Ó ÛÏÊ ‗ÐÊ° ù© ÆÊ× ¦Σ∞©ù©∞¾≫≬ ù≫° ∞≫©È≫ù¢ Ù»¾©ù©∞¾≫ ≢ùȲ≬ ¾≢∞©©°˚Ð
Ç∆»≬Ó ©∆ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© °∞≬Σ»≬≬° í©∆ ≬©ù©ã≬ ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ ∯¾≬©È∞≫ό ù
∯ù℡¾Èùè¢ ≫℡∞Ⱦ≫≢≫© ∯¾È ©∆ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ù≫° Èù∞≬∞≫ό ¾∯ Σ∆∞¢°È≫â £∞©∆¾»© »≬∞≫ό ©∆
í¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ∞≫©È≬©â ù≫° í∯¾È ©∆ ∕»È∕¾≬≬ ¾∯ ©∆ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ Ù»ù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫
≬©ù≫°ùÈ°â ¢ù≫ό»ùό »≬° ©¾ °∞≬Σ»≬≬ íÈ≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢ ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫Ðâ Ò ∞°Ð
ùÐ
‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯≬ ùÈό» ©∆ù© ©∆ ¾∕©∞≢ù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©∞≫ό Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ Σù≫≫¾© è ù ¢ό∞©∞≢ù©
ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢ ∞≫©È≬© èΣù»≬ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ∞≫ °¾≢≬©∞Σ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬∆∞∕≬ ∆ù℡ ù¢¢
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 >>; fh >19)>>; fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 115/133
⁋¾È ¥ù≢∕¢Ó í≉©∐∆ È∞ό∆©≬ ù≫° ¾è¢∞όù©∞¾≫≬ ¾∯ Èό∞≬©È° °¾≢≬©∞Σ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬Æ
£∞©∆ È≬∕Σ© ©¾ ù Σ∆∞¢° ¾∯ ∞©∆È ¾∯ ©∆≢ ≬∆ù¢¢ è ©∆ ≬ù≢ ù≬ ©∆¾≬ ¾∯ ≬∕¾»≬≬Ðâ
‰ù¢Ð ⁋ù≢Ð ‰¾° s ×ÎÉÐŦ°˚Ð fi¢≬¾Ó í≉∞∐© ∞≬ ©∆ ∕¾¢∞ΣÖ ¾∯ ©∆∞≬ ≬©ù© ©∆ù© ù¢¢ ∕È≬¾≫≬
≫όùό° ∞≫ ∕Ⱦ℡∞°∞≫ό ΣùÈ ù≫° ≬È℡∞Σ≬ ©¾ ∯¾≬©È Σ∆∞¢°È≫ Ð Ð Ð ≬∆ù¢¢ ≫¾© è ≬»è∁Σ©°
©¾ °∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾È ∆ùÈù≬≬≢≫© ¾≫ ©∆ èù≬∞≬ ¾∯ ©∆∞È Σ¢∞≫©≬ã ¾È ©∆∞È ¾£≫ ùΣ©»ù¢ ¾È
∕ÈΣ∞℡° Ð Ð Ð ≬¥»ù¢ ¾È∞≫©ù©∞¾≫ Ð Ð Ð Ðâ ‰ù¢Ð …¢∯Ð ˓ ◀≫≬©Ð ‰¾° s ÛÄÛʦù˚Ð
⁋»È©∆ÈÓ í≉©∐∆ ∕ùÈ≫© ù≫° Σ∆∞¢° È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ ¥©≫°≬ Ù»ù¢¢Ö ©¾ ℡ÈÖ Σ∆∞¢° ù≫° ©¾
℡ÈÖ ∕ùÈ≫©Ó ÈόùÈ°¢≬≬ ¾∯ ©∆ ≢ùÈ∞©ù¢ ≬©ù©»≬ ¾∯ ©∆ ∕ùÈ≫©≬Ðâ ‰ù¢Ð ⁋ù≢Ð ‰¾°
s ÉÄ×Ð Ç∆∞≬ ¢όù¢ ≬©È»Σ©»È ∞≬ È∞≫∯¾ÈΣ° èÖ ©∆ Ù»ù¢ ≬©ù©»≬ ¾∯ όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬
∞≫ ¾©∆È ùÈù≬ ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùã≬ ¢ù£≬Ó ≬»Σ∆ ù≬ ∞≫ ù≫©∞°∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫≬
ÈόùÈ°∞≫ό è»≬∞≫≬≬ ≬©ùè¢∞≬∆≢≫©≬Ð «ÐόÐÓ ‰ù¢Ð ‰∞℡Ð ‰¾° s ÅÛ¦è˚ ¦ífi¢¢ ∕È≬¾≫≬
£∞©∆∞≫ ©∆ ∁»È∞≬°∞Σ©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆∞≬ ≬©ù© ùÈ ∯È ù≫° Ù»ù¢Ó ù≫° ≫¾ ≢ù©©È £∆ù© ©∆∞È Ð Ð Ð≬¥»ù¢ ¾È∞≫©ù©∞¾≫ ùÈ ≫©∞©¢° ©¾ ©∆ ∯»¢¢ ù≫° Ù»ù¢ ùΣΣ¾≢≢¾°ù©∞¾≫≬Ó ù°℡ù≫©ùό≬Ó
∯ùΣ∞¢∞©∞≬Ó ∕È∞℡∞¢ό≬Ó ¾È ≬È℡∞Σ≬ ∞≫ ù¢¢ è»≬∞≫≬≬ ≬©ùè¢∞≬∆≢≫©≬ ¾∯ ℡ÈÖ ²∞≫°
£∆ù©≬¾℡ÈÐâ˚Ð
×Ä
©∆ ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞℡ ∕ùÈ≫©∞≫ό È∞ό∆©≬ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ∞≫ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό≬ ≫∁¾ÖÐ
fi°°∞©∞¾≫ù¢¢ÖÓ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ∯ù≢∞¢Ö ¢ù£ °¾≬ ≫¾© ό∞℡ ù≫Ö ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ ∕È∯È≫Σ≬ ©¾
¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ ∕ùÈ≫©≬Ð ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï °∞° ≫¾© Σ∆ù≫ό ©∆∞≬ ∯ùΣ©»ù¢ ≬∞©»ù©∞¾≫Ó èΣù»≬Æ
∞© í¢ù℡≉≬∐ »≫°∞≬©»Èè° Ð Ð Ð ù ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢ã≬ ≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È∞ό∆© ©¾
≬©ùè¢∞≬∆ ù≫ ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢¢Ö ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸° ù≫° ∕Ⱦ©Σ©° ∯ù≢∞¢Ö È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ ù≫° ©∆
ό»ùÈù≫© ¾∯ Ù»ù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ ¢ù£≬Ðâ Ò©Èù»≬≬Ó ×É ‗ÐÊ° ù© ÄÛÐ íÇ∆∞≬ ≬©ù©ã≬
Σ»ÈÈ≫© ∕¾¢∞Σ∞≬ ù≫° Σ¾≫°»Σ© ÈόùÈ°∞≫ό ∆¾≢¾≬¥»ù¢∞©Ö Ð Ð Ð ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸ ©∆ù© όùÖ
∞≫°∞℡∞°»ù¢≬ ùÈ ∯»¢¢Ö Σù∕ùè¢ ¾∯ ≫©È∞≫ό ∞≫©¾ ©∆ ²∞≫° ¾∯ ¢¾℡∞≫ό ù≫° ≫°»È∞≫ό
Σ¾≢≢∞©©° È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬ ©∆ù© ≢ùÖ ≬È℡ ù≬ ©∆ ∯¾»≫°ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ù ∯ù≢∞¢Ö ù≫° ¾∯
È≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢Ö ΣùÈ∞≫ό ∯¾È ù≫° Èù∞≬∞≫ό Σ∆∞¢°È≫Ðâ —ùÈÈ∞ùό ‰ù≬≬Ó ÛÏÊ ‗ÐÊ° ù© Æ×ÏÐ
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 >>2 fh >19)>>2 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 116/133
Ò ù¢≬¾ ‰∞©Ö ¾∯ ″ù¢¢ù≬ ℡Ð Ò©ù≫ό¢∞≫Ó ÆÎ ÌÐÒÐ ÛÎÓ ×Äë×Ï ¦ÛÎÏÎ˚ ¦≬©ù©∞≫ό ©∆ù©Å
ù Σ∞©Ö Σ¾»¢° Èù©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö ∞≢∕¾≬ ù≫ ùό ù≫° ©∞≢ È≬©È∞Σ©∞¾≫ ¾≫ °ù≫Σ ∆ù¢¢≬Ó ℡≫ ∞∯ ∞©∆ù° ≫¾© ∞≢∕¾≬° ≬∞≢∞¢ùÈ È≬©È∞Σ©∞¾≫≬ ¾≫ ¾©∆È ∕È≢∞≬≬ £∆È ©≫ùόÈ≬ ù≫° ù°»¢©≬
Σ¾≫όÈόù©° ©¾ό©∆ÈÁ ùÈό»≢≫©≬ ∯¾Σ»≬∞≫ό ¾≫ ©∆ ∞≫Σ¾≫≬∞≬©≫ΣÖ è©£≫ ©∆
Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ ù≫° ©∆ í∞≫©È≬©≬ ù≫° ¾è∁Σ©∞℡≬â ¾∯ ©∆ Σ∞©Ö í≢∞≬ù∕∕È∆≫°≉°∐ ©∆
≫ù©»È ¾∯ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ßèù≬∞≬ ≬ΣÈ»©∞≫Öâ˚Ð
×É
Ç∆ ∕ùÈ©∞≬ ùÈό» ùè¾»© £∆©∆È ©∆∞≬ ù≫ù¢Ö≬∞≬ ≬»è∁Σ©≬ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ©¾
∆∞ό∆©≫° ≬ΣÈ»©∞≫Ö Èù©∆È ©∆ù≫ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ È℡∞£Ð ◀≫ ≢Ö ℡∞£Ó £∆∞¢ ‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯≬
≢ùÖ ό∞℡ ù Σ¾ÈÈΣ© ùΣΣ¾»≫©∞≫ό ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ¢ù£Ó ∞© °¾≬ ≫¾© ≫Σ≬≬ùÈ∞¢Ö ∯¾¢¢¾£ ©∆ù©
©∆ ¾∕©∞≢ù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©∞≫ό Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ ∞≬ ù≫ ∞¢¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢ ∞≫©È≬©Ó èΣù»≬ ∞©
Σ¾≫©Èù°∞Σ©≬ ¥∞≬©∞≫ό ¢ù£≬ ¾≫ ∕ùÈ≫©∞≫ό ù≫° ©∆ ∯ù≢∞¢ÖÐ ⁋¾È ¥ù≢∕¢Ó ù ∕¾≬∞©°
Èù≬¾≫ ¾∯∯È° èÖ ¾≫ ¢ù£≢ù²∞≫ό è¾°Ö ù∯©È è∞≫ό È∁Σ©° èÖ ù≫¾©∆È ¢ù£≢ù²∞≫ό
è¾°Ö Σù≫ í∕Ⱦ℡∞°≉∐ ù Σ¾≫Σ∞℡ùè¢ èù≬∞≬â ∯¾È ù ≢ù≬»ÈÐ ⁋‰‰ ℡Ð ùΣ∆ ‰¾≢≢ã≫≬Ó
◀≫ΣÐÓ ÅÏ ÌÐÒÐ ÊÉÓ ÊÛÏ ¦ÛÎÎÊ˚Ð ◀≫ ùΣ∆ ‰¾≢≢»≫∞Σù©∞¾≫≬Ó ©∆ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È©
ùΣΣ∕©° ù ∕¾≬∞©° Èù≬¾≫ ∯¾È ù ∯°Èù¢ ùό≫ΣÖ Èό»¢ù©∞¾≫Ó ℡≫ ©∆¾»ό∆ ‰¾≫όÈ≬≬
∆ù° ∕È℡∞¾»≬¢Ö È∁Σ©° ©∆ù© ∕»È∕¾≬ ù≫° ©∆ Èό»¢ù©∞¾≫ ∕È≬≫©° ù Σ¾≫∯¢∞Σ© ∞≫ ©∆
≬©ù©»©¾ÈÖ ≬Σ∆≢Ð ◀°Ð Ç∆»≬Ó ℡≫ ∞∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùã≬ ¢ό∞≬¢ù©»È ∕È℡∞¾»≬¢Ö È∁Σ©° ©∆Å
¾∕©∞≢ù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©∞≫ό Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ ∞≫ ∞©≬ ∕ùÈ≫©∞≫ό ¢ù£≬ ¦ù≫° ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∞≬ ∞≫Σ¾≫≬∞≬©≫©
£∞©∆ ∞©≬ ≬©ù©»©¾ÈÖ ≬Σ∆≢˚Ó ©∆ù© °¾≬ ≫¾© ∕È℡≫© ©∆ ∕¾∕¢ ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ∯Ⱦ≢
ù°¾∕©∞≫ό ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï »≫°È ©∆ù© Èù©∞¾≫ù¢Ð
èÐ
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 >>8 fh >19)>>8 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 117/133
×Ï
◀≫ ö¢¢È Ó ©∆ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ≬©ù©° ©∆ù© í¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞℡ Σ∆¾∞Σ ∞≬ ≫¾© ≬»è∁Σ© ©¾
Σ¾»È©È¾¾≢ ∯ùΣ©∯∞≫°∞≫ό ù≫° ≢ùÖ è èù≬° ¾≫ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ ≬∕Σ»¢ù©∞¾≫ »≫≬»∕∕¾È©° èÖ
℡∞°≫Σ ¾È ≢∕∞È∞Σù¢ °ù©ùÐâ ÅÎ ÌÐÒÐ ù© Ê× ¦Σ∞©ù©∞¾≫≬ ¾≢∞©©°˚Ð ö¾£℡ÈÓ ©∆
Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© £≫© ¾≫ ©¾ ≬©ù© ©∆ù© í℡≫ ©∆ ≬©ù≫°ùÈ° ¾∯ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢∞©Ö ù≬ £ ≬¾
¾∯©≫ ∆ù℡ °∯∞≫° ∞© ≢»≬© ∯∞≫° ≬¾≢ ∯¾¾©∞≫ό ∞≫ ©∆ Èù¢∞©∞≬ ¾∯ ©∆ ≬»è∁Σ©
ù°°È≬≬° èÖ ©∆ ¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞¾≫Ðâ ◀°Ð ù© Ê×ÛÐ
Ì≫°È Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ È℡∞£Ó ©∆ Σ∆ù¢¢≫όÈ ∆ù≬ ©∆ è»È°≫ ©¾ í≫όù©∞℡
℡ÈÖ Σ¾≫Σ∞℡ùè¢ èù≬∞≬ £∆∞Σ∆ ≢∞ό∆© ≬»∕∕¾È©â ©∆ ≢ù≬»ÈÐ ◀°Ð ù© Ê×Ð ◀≫ ¢∞ό∆© ¾∯
©∆∞≬ è»È°≫Ó ‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯≬ ∆ù℡ ¾∯∯È° ≢ù≫Ö ≬Σ¾≫°ùÈÖ ù»©∆¾È∞©∞≬ ©¾ ≬»∕∕¾È© ©∆∞È
ùÈό»≢≫© ©∆ù© ©∆ ¾∕©∞≢ù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©∞≫ό Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ Σù≫≫¾© è ù ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢
∞≫©È≬©Ð ífiόù∞≫≬© ≉ù∐ èùΣ²όȾ»≫° ¾∯ ≢¾È ©∆ù≫ Û ∕ÈßÈ℡∞£° ≬©»°∞≬Ó ©∆
Ò©ù© ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù Σ¾»¢° ≫¾© Èù≬¾≫ùè¢Ö ùΣΣ∕© ù≬ ù ©È»á¾È ℡≫
°èù©ùè¢á≬©ù©≢≫© ¾∯ ∯ùΣ© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ã ℡∞£ ©∆ù© ¾≫¢Ö ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ Σù≫
ΣÈù© ù≫ é∞°ù¢ã Σ∆∞¢°ÈùÈ∞≫ό ≫℡∞Ⱦ≫≢≫©Ðâ Ç∆»≬Ó í≉∞∐© ∞≬ ≫¾© ù≫ ≫° ©∆ù© ©∆ Ò©ù©
Èù©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö Σ¾»¢° ù°¾∕© ù≬ ∞©≬ ¾£≫ ù≫° ©∆È∯¾È Σù≫≫¾© ≬»≬©ù∞≫ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ ÏÐâ
fi¢©∆¾»ό∆ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ £È ≫¾© ÈÙ»∞È° ©¾ ∕»© ¾≫ ù≫Ö ℡∞°≫Σ »≫°È
Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ È℡∞£Ó ©∆Ö ù¢≬¾ ∕Ⱦ°»Σ° ℡∞°≫ΣÐ Ç∆Ö ùÈό» ©∆ù© ©∆∞È ℡∞°≫Σ
≬∆¾£≬ ©∆ù© ≢ùÈÈ∞° è∞¾¢¾ό∞Σù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©≬ ùÈ ©∆ ¾∕©∞≢ù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©∞≫ό ≬©È»Σ©»ÈÐ ⁋»È©∆ÈÓ
©∆Ö ùÈό» í‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯≬ ∯ù∞¢ ©¾ Σ∞© ©¾ ù ≬∞≫ό¢ ≬©»°Ö Σ¾≢∕ùÈ∞≫ό ¾»©Σ¾≢≬ ∯¾È ©∆
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 >>= fh >19)>>= fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 118/133
◀≫ ’ù£È≫Σ ℡Рǥù≬Ó ÅÊÎ ÌÐÒÐ ÅÅÏÓ ý»≬©∞Σ ‛㉾≫≫¾È È¢∞° ¾≫ ©∆Ä
⁋¾»È©≫©∆ fi≢≫°≢≫©ã≬ «Ù»ù¢ ‗Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ‰¢ù»≬ ©¾ ∞≫℡ù¢∞°ù© ù ≬©ù© ¢ù£
ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù¢∞¸∞≫ό ∆¾≢¾≬¥»ù¢ ≬¾°¾≢ÖÐ ◀≫ ∆È Σ¾≫Σ»ÈÈ∞≫ό ¾∕∞≫∞¾≫Ó ≬∆ ≬©ù©°À
Ç∆ù© ©∆∞≬ ¢ù£ ù≬ ù∕∕¢∞° ©¾ ∕È∞℡ù©Ó Σ¾≫≬≫≬»ù¢ Σ¾≫°»Σ© ∞≬
»≫Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ »≫°È ©∆ «Ù»ù¢ ‗Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ‰¢ù»≬ °¾≬ ≫¾© ≢ù≫ ©∆ù©
¾©∆È ¢ù£≬ °∞≬©∞≫ό»∞≬∆∞≫ό è©£≫ ∆©È¾≬¥»ù¢≬ ù≫° ∆¾≢¾≬¥»ù¢≬
£¾»¢° ≬∞≢∞¢ùÈ¢Ö ∯ù∞¢ »≫°È Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ È℡∞£Ð Ç¥ù≬ Σù≫≫¾© ù≬≬È©
ù≫Ö ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ≬©ù© ∞≫©È≬© ∆ÈÓ ≬»Σ∆ ù≬ ≫ù©∞¾≫ù¢ ≬Σ»È∞©Ö ¾È ∕È≬È℡∞≫ό ©∆ ©Èù°∞©∞¾≫ù¢ ∞≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÐ Ì≫¢∞² ©∆ ≢¾Èù¢
°∞≬ù∕∕Ⱦ℡ù¢ ¾∯ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ È¢ù©∞¾≫≬á©∆ ù≬≬È©° ≬©ù© ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ ©∆∞≬
Σù≬ᾩ∆È Èù≬¾≫≬ ¥∞≬© ©¾ ∕Ⱦ≢¾© ©∆ ∞≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό
èÖ¾≫° ≢È ≢¾Èù¢ °∞≬ù∕∕Ⱦ℡ù¢ ¾∯ ù≫ ¥Σ¢»°° όȾ»∕Ð
×Î
Σ∆∞¢°È≫ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞° è∞¾¢¾ό∞Σù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©≬ ù≫° ©∆¾≬ ¾∯ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ ∕ùÈ≫©≬Ð Ç∆»≬Ó
‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯≬ ∆ù℡ ∯ù∞¢° ©¾ »≫°È≢∞≫Ó ¢© ù¢¾≫ È≢¾℡ é∯Ⱦ≢ °èù©Óã ©∆ ≬©»°∞≬
≬∆¾£∞≫ό ©∆ù© ≢ùÈÈ∞° è∞¾¢¾ό∞Σù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©≬ ∕Ⱦ℡∞° ©∆ è≬© ≬©È»Σ©»È ∯¾È Èù∞≬∞≫ό
Σ∆∞¢°È≫Ðâ
fi∯©È È℡∞£Ó 辩∆ ≬∞°≬ ¾∯∯È ℡∞°≫Σ ∞≫ ≬»∕∕¾È© ¾∯ ©∆∞È ℡∞£≬ ¾≫ £∆©∆È
©∆ ¾∕©∞≢ù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©∞≫ό Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ ∞≬ ù ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢ ∞≫©È≬©Ð ¾©∆ ≬∞°≬
ù¢≬¾ ¾∯∯È ℡∞°≫Σ ©¾ »≫°È≢∞≫ ©∆ ℡∞°≫Σ ∕È≬≫©° èÖ ©∆∞È ¾∕∕¾≫≫©≬Ð
ö¾£℡ÈÓ ©∆ ≬©ù≫°ùÈ° ¾≫¢Ö ÈÙ»∞È≬ ©∆ù© ©∆ ¾∕©∞≢ù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©∞≫ό Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ è èù≬°
¾≫ íÈù©∞¾≫ù¢ ≬∕Σ»¢ù©∞¾≫â ùè¾»© ≢ùÈÈ∞° è∞¾¢¾ό∞Σù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©≬ è∞≫ό ©∆ è≬© ∯¾È
Σ∆∞¢°È≫Ð ö¢¢È Ó ÅÎ ÌÐÒÐ ù© Ê×Ð ‰¾≫≬∞°È∞≫ό í©∆ Ù»≬©∞¾≫ ∞≬ ù© ¢ù≬© °èù©ùè¢Óâ
∞°Ð ù© Ê×Ä ¦∞≫©È≫ù¢ Ù»¾©ù©∞¾≫ ≢ùȲ≬ ¾≢∞©©°˚Ó ©∆ ¾∕©∞≢ù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©∞≫ό Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ Σ¾»¢°
Σ¾≫Σ∞℡ùè¢Ö è ù ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢ ∞≫©È≬©ÐÄ
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 >>9 fh >19)>>9 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 119/133
◀°Ð ù© ÅÏÅ ¦‛㉾≫≫¾ÈÓ ýÐÓ Σ¾≫Σ»ÈÈ∞≫ό˚Ð
fi≬ ¥∕¢ù∞≫° ùè¾℡Ó ©∆∞≬ ÈÙ»∞È≢≫© ∞≬ ≫¾© ù ∆∞ό∆ èùÈÐ ◀≫°°Ó í©∆
É
Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ ù© ∞≬≬» ≫° ≫¾© è Σ¾ÈÈ¢ù©° ∞≫ ∯ùΣ©Ó ℡≫ ∞≫ È¢ù©∞¾≫ ©¾ ù≫ ù≬≬»≢°
∕»È∕¾≬ ∯¾È £∆∞Σ∆ ©∆È ≫° ≫¾© è ù≫Ö ℡∞°≫ΣÐâ ő¾èÈ© ‰Ð ⁋ùÈÈ¢¢Ó Ç∆ Ç£¾
È≬∞¾≫≬ ¾∯ őù©∞¾≫ù¢ßù≬∞≬ ő℡∞£ ù≫° Òù≢ßÒ¥ ő¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬Ó ÏÄ …ù≬∆Ð ’Ð ő℡Ð
×ÏÛÓ ×Î ¦×ÛÛ˚Ð
Ê
‰Ð
öù℡∞≫ό ù Σ¾≫Σ∞℡ùè¢ ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢ ∞≫©È≬© ∞≬Ó ù¢¾≫Ó ≫¾©
≬»∯∯∞Σ∞≫© ∯¾È Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ È℡∞£Ð Ǿ ≬»È℡∞℡ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ È℡∞£Ó ù ≢ù≬»È
≢»≬© ù¢≬¾ ∆ù℡ ù Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ ©¾ ©∆ ∕¾≬∞©° ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢
∞≫©È≬©Ð ◀≫ °©È≢∞≫∞≫ό £∆©∆È ©∆È ∞≬ ù Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕Ó ¾≫ ≬∆¾»¢° èùÈ ∞≫
≢∞≫° í©∆ ≫ù©»È ¾∯ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ßèù≬∞≬ ≬ΣÈ»©∞≫ÖÓ £∆∞Σ∆ ∞≬ ©∆ ≢¾≬© È¢ù¥° ù≫° ©¾¢Èù≫©
∯¾È≢ ¾∯ ∁»°∞Σ∞ù¢ ≬ΣÈ»©∞≫Ö »≫°È ©∆ «Ù»ù¢ ‗Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ‰¢ù»≬Ðâ ″ù¢¢ù≬Ó ÆÎ ÌÐÒÐ ù©É
×ÄÐ
ÛÐ
Ç∆ «∞ό∆©∆ ‰∞ÈΣ»∞© ΣÈ°∞©° ©∆ È≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢ ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫ ù≫° ¾∕©∞≢ù¢
∕ùÈ≫©∞≫ό Èù©∞¾≫ù¢≬ ∞≫ ‰∞©∞¸≫≬ ∯¾È «Ù»ù¢ ‗Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫Ó £∆È ‚èÈù≬²ù ∆ù° ≫ùΣ©°
ù Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ù≢≫°≢≫© ∕Ⱦ∆∞è∞©∞≫ό ÈΣ¾ό≫∞©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό≬ èÖ ≬ù≢ß≬¥
Σ¾»∕¢≬ ù≫° ¾©∆È ¾∯∯∞Σ∞ù¢ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬À
Ç∆ Ò©ù© ùÈό»≬ ©∆ù© ©∆ ≢ù≫Ö ¢ù£≬ °∯∞≫∞≫ό ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ù≬ ©∆ »≫∞¾≫ ¾∯
¾≫ ≢ù≫ ù≫° ¾≫ £¾≢ù≫ ù≫° ¥©≫°∞≫ό ù ℡ùÈ∞©Ö ¾∯ è≫∯∞©≬ ©¾
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 >>3 fh >19)>>3 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 120/133
ÊÛ
≢ùÈÈ∞° Σ¾»∕¢≬ ùÈ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö È¢ù©° ©¾ ©∆ ό¾℡È≫≢≫© ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫
í≬©È∞≫ό ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫ ∞≫©¾ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÐâ Ö ù∯∯¾È°∞≫ό ¢όù¢ ÈΣ¾ό≫∞©∞¾≫
ù≫° ù èù≬²© ¾∯ È∞ό∆©≬ ù≫° è≫∯∞©≬ ©¾ ≢ùÈÈ∞° ∆©È¾≬¥»ù¢ Σ¾»∕¢≬Ó
≬»Σ∆ ¢ù£≬ í≫Σ¾»Èùό ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫ ©¾ ©ù² ∕¢ùΣ £∞©∆∞≫ ©∆ ≬¾Σ∞ù¢¢Ö
ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸° »≫∞© ©∆ù© ∞≬ è≬© ≬∞©»ù©° ∯¾È Èù∞≬∞≫ό Σ∆∞¢°È≫Ðâ Ð Ð Ð Ç∆
ùÈό»≢≫© ∞≬ èù≬° ∞≫ ∕ùÈ© ¾≫ ©∆ ©Èù°∞©∞¾≫ù¢ ≫¾©∞¾≫ ©∆ù© ©£¾ Σ¾≢≢∞©©°
∆©È¾≬¥»ù¢≬ ùÈ ©∆ ¾∕©∞≢ù¢ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬∆∞∕ ∯¾È Èù∞≬∞≫ό Σ∆∞¢°È≫Ó £∆∞Σ∆
≢¾°È≫ß°ùÖ ∆¾≢¾≬¥»ù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©≬ »≫°È≬©ù≫°ùè¢Ö °ΣÈÖÐ »© ∞© ∞≬ ù¢≬¾
èù≬° ¾≫ ù íÈ≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢ ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫â ©∆¾ÈÖ ©∆ù© ∁»≬©∞∯∞≬ Σ¾≫∯ÈÈ∞≫ό
©∆ ∞≫°»Σ≢≫©≬ ¾∯ ≢ùÈ∞©ù¢ ÈΣ¾ό≫∞©∞¾≫ ù≫° è≫∯∞©≬ ¾≫ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥
Σ¾»∕¢≬Ó £∆¾ Σù≫ ¾©∆È£∞≬ ∕Ⱦ°»Σ Σ∆∞¢°È≫ èÖ ùΣΣ∞°≫©Ó 軩 ≫¾© ¾≫
≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬Ó £∆¾ Σù≫≫¾©Ð …∆ù©℡È ¾»È ∕È≬¾≫ù¢ ℡∞£≬
ÈόùÈ°∞≫ό ©∆∞≬ ∕¾¢∞©∞Σù¢ ù≫° ≬¾Σ∞¾¢¾ό∞Σù¢ °èù©Ó £ Σù≫≫¾© Σ¾≫Σ¢»°
©∆ù© ©∆ Ò©ù©ã≬ ∁»≬©∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ í¢ùΣ²≬ ù Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ ©¾ ¢ό∞©∞≢ù©≬©ù© ∞≫©È≬©≬Ðâ
ÆÅÅ ⁋ÐÊ° ù© ÏÄÉëÄÏ ¦Σ∞©ù©∞¾≫≬ ¾≢∞©©°˚Ð
Ç∆ ∯ùΣ©»ù¢ Σ¾≫©¥© ∞≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ∞≬ °∞≬©∞≫ό»∞≬∆ùè¢ ∯Ⱦ≢ ©∆ ¾≫ ©∆ «∞ό∆©∆
‰∞ÈΣ»∞© ∯ùΣ° ∞≫ ‚èÈù≬²ùÐ Ì≫¢∞² ©∆ ‚èÈù≬²ù Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ù≢≫°≢≫©Ó £∆∞Σ∆
∕Ⱦ∆∞è∞©° ©∆ ÈΣ¾ό≫∞©∞¾≫ ¾∯ 辩∆ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό≬ èÖ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ù≫° ¾©∆È ≬ù≢ß
≬¥ È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬Ó ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ¢∯© ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùã≬ ¥∞≬©∞≫ό °¾≢≬©∞Σ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬∆∞∕ ¢ù£≬
∞≫©ùΣ©Ð ◀≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùÓ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ∞≫ °¾≢≬©∞Σ ∕ùÈ©≫È≬∆∞∕≬ ≬©∞¢¢ ≫∁¾Ö ©∆
≬ù≢ ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞℡ È∞ό∆©≬ ù≫° è≫∯∞©≬ ù≬ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ∞≫ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό≬Ð Ç∆»≬Ó ∞©
Σù≫≫¾© è ≬ù∞° ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï íΣ¾≫∯È≉≬∐ ©∆ ∞≫°»Σ≢≫©≬ ¾∯ ≢ùÈ∞©ù¢ Ð Ð Ð è≫∯∞©≬
¾≫ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ Ð Ð Ð Ó è»© ≫¾© ¾≫ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ Ð Ð Ð Ðâ Ò ∞°Ð ù© ÏÄÉÐ
ö¾£℡ÈÓ ©∆∞≬ °∞≬©∞≫Σ©∞¾≫ ≢ùÖ ≫¾© è °∞≬∕¾≬∞©∞℡Ó èΣù»≬ ©∆ «∞ό∆©∆ ‰∞ÈΣ»∞© £ù≬
Σ¾≫≬∞°È∞≫ό 辩∆ ©∆ ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞℡ ¢όù¢ è≫∯∞©≬ ù≬ £¢¢ ù≬ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 >1< fh >19)>1< fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 121/133
Ê×
≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÐ
×Ð
Ç∆ù© ¢ù℡≬ ©∆ Ù»≬©∞¾≫ ¾∯ £∆©∆È £∞©∆°Èù£∞≫ό ∯Ⱦ≢ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©∆
È∞ό∆© ©¾ ùΣΣ≬≬ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÓ ù¢¾≫Ó Èù©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö È¢ù©≬ ©¾ ©∆
È≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢ ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫ ù≫° ¾∕©∞≢ù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©∞≫ό Èù©∞¾≫ù¢≬Ð
ùÐ
őόùÈ°∞≫ό ©∆ È≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢ ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢Ó ‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯≬ ùÈό» ©∆ù©
‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ≬»όό≬© ≫¾ Èù≬¾≫ ©¾ è¢∞℡ ∕Ⱦ∆∞è∞©∞≫ό ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ∯Ⱦ≢
≫©È∞≫ό È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬ °≬∞ό≫ù©° í≢ùÈÈ∞ùόâ £∞¢¢ ≢ù² ∞© ≢¾È ¢∞²¢Ö ©∆ù© ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß
≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ∞≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù £∞¢¢ ≢ùÈÈÖÐ ‗»© °∞∯∯È≫©¢ÖÓ ‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯≬ ùÈό» ©∆ù©Ó èΣù»≬
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï °¾≬ ≫¾© è≬©¾£ ù≫ ∆¾≫¾È ¾≫ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ 軩 ∞≫≬©ù°
£∞©∆°Èù£≬ ù≫ ∆¾≫¾È ∯Ⱦ≢ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬Ó ©∆ È≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢ ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢
Σ¾»¢° è ΣÈ°∞©° ¾≫¢Ö ∞∯ ∞© ∞≬ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ ©¾ è¢∞℡ ©∆ù© ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ £∞¢¢ è
¢≬≬ ¢∞²¢Ö ©¾ Èù∞≬ Σ∆∞¢°È≫ ∞≫ ù ≢ùÈ∞©ù¢ ∯ù≢∞¢Ö ∞∯ ©∆ ≬©ù©»È ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ∞≬ ù¢≬¾
ù℡ù∞¢ùè¢ ©¾ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬Ð ⁋»È©∆ÈÓ ‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯≬ ùÈό» ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ã ∯ù∞¢»È ©¾
°≬ΣÈ∞è ∆¾£ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï Èù©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö È¢ù©≬ ©¾ ©∆ È≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢ ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫
Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ ∞≫°∞Σù©≬ ©∆ù© ©∆ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ ¢ùΣ²≬ ©∆ ÈÙ»∞È° í∯¾¾©∞≫ό ∞≫ ©∆ Èù¢∞©∞≬ ¾∯
©∆ ≬»è∁Σ© ù°°È≬≬° èÖ ©∆ ¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞¾≫Ðâ ö¢¢È Ó ÅÎ ÌÐÒÐ ù© Ê×ÛÐ
◀≫ È≬∕¾≫≬Ó ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ ùÈό» ©∆ù©Ó í≉è∐Σù»≬ ¾≫¢Ö ≬¥»ù¢ È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 >1> fh >19)>1> fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 122/133
ÊÊ
è©£≫ ≢≫ ù≫° £¾≢ù≫ Σù≫ ∕Ⱦ°»Σ Σ∆∞¢°È≫Ó ≬»Σ∆ È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬ ∆ù℡ ©∆
∕¾©≫©∞ù¢ ©¾ ∯»È©∆Èá¾È ∆ùÈ≢á©∆∞≬ ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ ù £ùÖ ©∆ù© ¾©∆È ©Ö∕≬ ¾∯
È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬ °¾ ≫¾©Ðâ Ç∆»≬Ó í∞© ∯¾¢¢¾£≬ ©∆ù© ©∆ Σ¾≢≢¾≫≬≫≬ °∞≬©∞≫Σ©∞¾≫ ©∆ù© ¾»È
¢ù£ ∆ù≬ ù¢£ùÖ≬ °Èù£≫ è©£≫ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬Ó ¾≫ ©∆ ¾≫ ∆ù≫°Ó ù≫° ù¢¢ ¾©∆È
©Ö∕≬ ¾∯ È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬á∞≫Σ¢»°∞≫ό ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬á¾≫ ©∆ ¾©∆È ∆ù≫°Ó ∕¢ù∞≫¢Ö
èùÈ≬ ù Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ ©¾ ©∆ ό¾℡È≫≢≫© ∞≫©È≬© ∞≫ ≬©È∞≫ό ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫ ∞≫©¾
≢ùÈÈ∞ùόÐâ
ö¾£℡ÈÓ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∞≬ ≫¾© ù í°∞≬©∞≫Σ©∞¾≫ ©∆ù© ≉‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù∐ ¢ù£ ∆ù≬ ù¢£ùÖ≬
°Èù£≫Óâ èΣù»≬ ∞© í≬©ùè¢∞≬∆≬ ù ≫£ ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞℡ ≬©ù© Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È»¢ ©∆ù©
èΣù≢ ∯∯Σ©∞℡ ¾≫Σ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï £ù≬ ù∕∕Ⱦ℡° èÖ ©∆ ℡¾©È≬Ðâ Ò©Èù»≬≬Ó ×É
‗ÐÊ° ù© ÛÛÅÐ fi¢≬¾Ó
≉≫∐¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ ∕ù≬© Σù≬≬ °∞≬Σ»≬≬∞≫ό ©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖáù≫° ∞°≫©∞∯Ö∞≫ό
©∆∞≬ È∞ό∆© ù≬ ¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ ∯»≫°ù≢≫©ù¢ ¢≢≫©≬ ¾∯ ∕È≬¾≫ù¢ ù»©¾≫¾≢Öù≫° ¢∞èÈ©Ö ∕Ⱦ©Σ©° èÖ ¾»È ‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫áΣ¾≫©ù∞≫≬ ù≫Ö ≬»όό≬©∞¾≫
©∆ù© ©∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖ ∞≬ ∕¾≬≬≬≬° ¾≫¢Ö èÖ ∞≫°∞℡∞°»ù¢≬
£∆¾ ùÈ ù© È∞≬² ¾∯ ∕Ⱦ°»Σ∞≫ό Σ∆∞¢°È≫ ùΣΣ∞°≫©ù¢¢ÖÓ ¾È ∞≢∕¢∞≬ ©∆ù© ©∆∞≬
Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ È∞ό∆© ∞≬ ≫¾© Ù»ù¢¢Ö ∞≢∕¾È©ù≫© ∯¾È ù≫° ό»ùÈù≫©° ©¾
È≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢ ∞≫°∞℡∞°»ù¢≬ £∆¾ Σù≫ è Σ¾»≫©° »∕¾≫ ©¾ ©ù² ù∕∕Ⱦ∕È∞ù©
∕ÈΣù»©∞¾≫≬ ∞≫ ∕¢ù≫≫∞≫ό ∯¾È ∕ùÈ≫©∆¾¾°Ð
—ùÈÈ∞ùό ‰ù≬≬Ó ÛÏÊ ‗ÐÊ° ù© ÆÊ×Ð ◀≫ ©∆∞≬ ∕ùÈ©∞Σ»¢ùÈ Σ¾≫©¥©Ó ©∆ ∯ùΣ© ©∆ù©
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ≬©ùè¢∞≬∆° ù ≫£ È»¢Ó ∞≫≬©ù° ¾∯ Σ¾≫©∞≫»∞≫ό ù í°∞≬©∞≫Σ©∞¾≫ ©∆ù©
≉‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù∐ ¢ù£ ∆ù≬ ù¢£ùÖ≬ °Èù£≫Óâ £ù²≫≬ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ã ùÈό»≢≫© ©∆ù©
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 >11 fh >19)>11 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 123/133
ÊÆ
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï í∕¢ù∞≫¢Ö èùÈ≬ ù Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕â ©¾ ©∆ È≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢ ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫
Èù©∞¾≫ù¢Ð
èÐ
őόùÈ°∞≫ό ©∆ ¾∕©∞≢ù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©∞≫ό Èù©∞¾≫ù¢Ó ‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯≬ ùÈό» ©∆ù©Ó èΣù»≬
‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï °¾≬ ≫¾© Σ∆ù≫ό ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùã≬ ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞℡ ¢ù£≬ ό¾℡È≫∞≫ό
Σ∆∞¢°Èù∞≬∞≫όÓ ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫Ó ¾È ©∆ ∯ù≢∞¢Ö ≬©È»Σ©»ÈÓ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï Σù≫≫¾© è Èù©∞¾≫ù¢¢Ö
È¢ù©° ©¾ ©∆ ¾∕©∞≢ù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©∞≫ό Èù©∞¾≫ù¢Ð Ǿ Σ∆ù≫≫¢ ≢¾È Σ∆∞¢°ÈùÈ∞≫ό ∞≫©¾
∯ù≢∞¢∞≬ ¢° èÖ ≢ùÈÈ∞° è∞¾¢¾ό∞Σù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©≬Ó ©∆Ö ùÈό» ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï £¾»¢°
∆ù℡ ∆ù° ©¾ Σ∆ù≫ό ©∆¾≬ ¢ù£≬ ≬¾≢∆¾£Ð őù©∆ÈÓ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ¾≫¢Ö ≬∞≫ό¢≬ ¾»©
όùÖ≬ ù≫° ¢≬è∞ù≫≬Ó ù≬ ù όȾ»∕Ó ù≬ ∞≫∯È∞¾ÈÐ
‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ Σ¾≫©≫° ©∆ù© ©∆∞≬ ùÈό»≢≫© ≬»è∁Σ©≬ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ©¾ ∆∞ό∆©≫°
≬ΣÈ»©∞≫Ö È℡∞£Ó ù≫° ©∆ù© ©∆ ≬©ù≫°ùÈ° ∯¾È Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ È℡∞£ °¾≬ ≫¾© ÈÙ»∞È ©∆
Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ è ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞ù¢¢Ö È¢ù©° ©¾ ù≫ ∞≢∕¾È©ù≫© ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢ ∞≫©È≬©Ð
◀≫≬©ù°Ó ∯¾È Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ È℡∞£Ó ©∆ Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ ≢»≬© ¾≫¢Ö ¦Û˚ ≬È℡ ≬¾≢
Σ¾≫Σ∞℡ùè¢ ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢ ∞≫©È≬©Á ¦×˚ ∆ù℡ ù ∕¢ù»≬∞è¢ Èù≬¾≫ ∯¾È ©∆ ≫ùΣ©≢≫©Á
¦Ê˚ È≢ù∞≫ °èù©ùè¢Á ù≫° ¦Æ˚ ≫¾© è ©¾©ù¢¢Ö ùÈè∞©ÈùÈÖÐ Ç∆∞È ùÈό»≢≫© Σ¾≫©∞≫»≬
©∆ù©Ó ∞≫ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ùã≬ »≫∞Ù» Σ¾≫©¥©Ó ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ¾≫¢Ö °ù¢≬ £∞©∆ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫
¾∯ ©∆ ©È≢ í≢ùÈÈ∞ùόâ 軩 ¢ù℡≬ »≫°∞≬©»Èè° ù¢¢ ¾∯ ©∆ ¾©∆È ≬∞ό≫∞∯∞Σù≫©
≬»è≬©ù≫©∞℡ ù≬∕Σ©≬ ¾∯ ÈΣ¾ό≫∞¸° ù≫° ∕Ⱦ©Σ©° ∯ù≢∞¢Ö È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕≬Ð ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ã
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 >17 fh >19)>17 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 124/133
ÊÅ
©∆¾ÈÖ ¾≫¢Ö ∞≫ΣÈù≬≬ ©∆ ¢∞²¢∞∆¾¾° ©∆ù© Σ∆∞¢°È≫ ùÈ è¾È≫ ù≫° Èù∞≬° ∞≫ ù ∯ù≢∞¢Ö
≬©È»Σ©»È ¾∯ è∞¾¢¾ό∞Σù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©≬ èÖ ≫Σ¾»Èùό∞≫ό ≬»Σ∆ ∕ùÈ≫©≬ ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖÁ ©∆
°≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ∯¾È ¾≫¢Ö ©∆ù© »≫∞¾≫ £¾»¢° ≢ù² ∞© ≢¾È ¢∞²¢Ö ©∆ù©
¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ £∞¢¢ £ù≫© ©¾ ≫©È ∞≫©¾ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ù≫° ©∆≫ ≬»è≬Ù»≫©¢Ö Èù∞≬
©∆∞È ¾£≫ è∞¾¢¾ό∞Σù¢ ¾∯∯≬∕È∞≫όÓ Èù©∆È ©∆ù≫ ∞≢∕¢Ö∞≫ό ©∆ù© ù≫Ö ¾©∆È »≫∞¾≫ Σ¾»¢° ≫¾©
è ό¾¾° ∕ùÈ≫©≬Ð ‗Ⱦ∕¾≫≫©≬ Σ¢ù∞≢ ©∆∞≬ ∞≫©È≬© °¾≬ ≫¾© °∕≫° ¾≫ ù≫Ö ∁»°ό≢≫©
ùè¾»© ©∆ È¢ù©∞℡ ∕ùÈ≫©∞≫ό Σù∕ùè∞¢∞©∞≬ ¾∯ ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ ù≫° ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬Á ∞©
¾≫¢Ö Σ¾≫∯∞È≢≬ ©∆ ∞≫≬©∞≫Σ©∞℡Ó Σ¾≢≢¾≫≬≫≬ è¢∞∯ ©∆ù© ≢ùÈÈ∞° è∞¾¢¾ό∞Σù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©≬
∕Ⱦ℡∞° ©∆ ¾∕©∞≢ù¢ ≫℡∞Ⱦ≫≢≫© ∯¾È Èù∞≬∞≫ό Σ∆∞¢°È≫Ð ’ù≬©¢ÖÓ ©∆Ö ùÈό» ©∆È Σù≫
è ≫¾ ÈÙ»∞È≢≫© ¾∯ ≫ùÈȾ£ ©ù∞¢¾È∞≫ό £∆È ©∆È £¾»¢° è ù ∕È∯Σ© ∯∞© £∞©∆ ©∆
ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢ ∞≫©È≬© ù≫° ©∆ ¢ù£Ð ◀∯ ©∆ ≬©ù© °≫∞° ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ≬∞ό≫∞∯∞Σù≫©
è≫∯∞©≬ »≫°È ©∆ ¢ù£Ó ©∆ ¢ù£ £¾»¢° è ≢¾È ¢∞²¢Ö ©¾ ∯ù∞¢ Ù»ù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ èÖ
°≫Ö∞≫ό ∞≢∕¾È©ù≫© ό¾℡È≫≢≫© È∞ό∆©≬Ó ©∆»≬ ∞≫ΣÈù≬∞≫ό ©∆ è»È°≫ ¾∯ ©∆ ©≬©Ð
ÊÐ
í≉‰∐¾»È©≬ ùÈ Σ¾≢∕¢¢° »≫°È Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ßèù≬∞≬ È℡∞£ ©¾ ùΣΣ∕© ù ¢ό∞≬¢ù©»Èã≬
ό≫Èù¢∞¸ù©∞¾≫≬ ℡≫ £∆≫ ©∆È ∞≬ ù≫ ∞≢∕È∯Σ© ∯∞© è©£≫ ≢ù≫≬ ù≫° ≫°≬Ðâ
ö¢¢È Ó ÅÎ ÌÐÒÐ ù© Ê×ÛÐ öÈÓ ©∆ ∕¾∕¢ ¾∯ ‰ù¢∞∯¾È≫∞ù ≢∞ό∆© ∆ù℡ è¢∞℡° ©∆ù©
£∞©∆°Èù£∞≫ό ∯Ⱦ≢ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©∆ È∞ό∆© ©¾ ùΣΣ≬≬ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό
£¾»¢°Ó ùÈό»ùè¢ÖÓ ∯»È©∆È ©∆ ∞≫©È≬©≬ ∞≫ ∕Ⱦ≢¾©∞≫ό È≬∕¾≫≬∞è¢ ∕ȾΣÈù©∞¾≫ ù≫°
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 >1; fh >19)>1; fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 125/133
◀≫ ‗ù¢≢¾ÈÓ ©∆ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ≬©ù©° ©∆ù© í≉∕∐È∞℡ù© è∞ù≬≬ ≢ùÖ è ¾»©≬∞°Ï
©∆ ÈùΣ∆ ¾∯ ©∆ ¢ù£Ó 軩 ©∆ ¢ù£ Σù≫≫¾©Ó °∞ÈΣ©¢Ö ¾È ∞≫°∞ÈΣ©¢ÖÓ ό∞℡ ©∆≢ ∯∯Σ©Ðâ
ÆÄÄ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÆÊÊÐ «℡≫ ∞∯ ‗ù¢≢¾È ∞≫°∞Σù©≬ ©∆ù© ό∞℡∞≫ό ∯∯Σ© ©¾ ∕È∞℡ù© è∞ù≬≬
©∆Ⱦ»ό∆ ≢ù≫≬ ∞≬ ∞¢¢ό∞©∞≢ù©Ó ∞© ∞≬ ù Σù≬ £∆È íùΣ²≫¾£¢°ό° ÈùΣ∞ù¢ ∕È∁»°∞Σ
≉£ù≬∐ ∞≫℡¾²° ©¾ ∁»≬©∞∯Ö ≉ù∐ ÈùΣ∞ù¢ Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫≉∐Ðâ ◀°Ð Ç∆»≬Ó ©∆ Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫
Σù≢ »≫°È ≬©È∞Σ© ≬ΣÈ»©∞≫ÖÐ ◀°Ð ù© ÆÊ×ëÊÊÁ ≬ ù¢≬¾ ‰∞©Ö ¾∯ ő∞Σ∆≢¾≫° ℡Ð ýÐfiÐ ‰È¾≬¾≫
‰¾ÐÓ ÆÏÏ ÌÐÒÐ ÆÄÎÓ Å× ¦ÛÎÏÎ˚ ¦ÒΣù¢∞ùÓ ýÐÓ Σ¾≫Σ»ÈÈ∞≫ό ∞≫ ©∆ ∁»°ό≢≫©˚ ¦íÇ∆
è≫∞ό≫ ∕»È∕¾≬ ¾∯ Σ¾≢∕≫≬ù©∞≫ό ∯¾È ≬¾Σ∞ù¢ °∞≬ù°℡ù≫©ùό≬ Ð Ð Ð Σù≫ ≫¾ ≢¾È è ∕»È≬»° èÖ ©∆ ∞¢¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ≢ù≫≬ ¾∯ ÈùΣ∞ù¢ °∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫ ©∆ù≫ Σù≫ ¾©∆È ù≬≬È©°¢Ö
è≫∞ό≫ ∕»È∕¾≬≬ £ ∆ù℡ È∕ù©°¢Ö È∁Σ©°Ðâ˚Ð
…∆∞¢ ©∆ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© Ù»¾©° ‗ù¢≢¾È ∞≫ ‰¢è»È≫Ó ∞© °∞° ≬¾ ∞≫ ©∆
Σ¾≫©¥© ¾∯ È∁Σ©∞≫ό í≢È ≫όù©∞℡ ù©©∞©»°≬â ¾È í∯ùÈâ ù≬ ≫°≬Ð ÆÉÊ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÆÆÏÐ
ÊÄ
¾∕©∞≢ù¢ ∕ùÈ≫©∞≫όÐ íÇ∆ ù≬≬»≢∕©∞¾≫≬ »≫°È¢Ö∞≫ό ©∆≬ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢≬ ≢ùÖ è
ÈȾ≫¾»≬Ó è»© ©∆ ℡ÈÖ ∯ùΣ© ©∆ù© ©∆Ö ùÈ éùÈό»ùè¢ã ∞≬ ≬»∯∯∞Σ∞≫©Ó ¾≫ Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ßèù≬∞≬
È℡∞£Ó ©¾ é∞≢≢»≫∞¸≉∐ã ©∆ Σ¾≫όÈ≬≬∞¾≫ù¢ Σ∆¾∞Σ ∯Ⱦ≢ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ Σ∆ù¢¢≫όÐâ
ùΣ∆ ‰¾≢≢Σã≫≬ Ó ÅÏ ÌÐÒÐ ù© Ê× ¦ù¢©Èù©∞¾≫ ∞≫ ¾È∞ό∞≫ù¢˚Ð
‗¢ù∞≫©∞∯∯≬ ùÈό» ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï Σ¾»¢° ¾≫¢Ö ù°℡ù≫Σ ©∆ ¾∯∯È° Èù©∞¾≫ù¢≬
©∆Ⱦ»ό∆ ≫Σ¾»Èùό∞≫ό ¾∕∕¾≬∞©ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ©¾ ≢ùÈÈÖÓ £∆¾ ¾©∆È£∞≬ £¾»¢° ≫¾©
≢ùÈÈÖ èΣù»≬ ©∆Ö °∞≬ù∕∕Ⱦ℡ ¾∯ ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢≬ ∆ù℡∞≫ό ©∆ È∞ό∆© ¾∯ ùΣΣ≬≬ ©¾
©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ù≫° ©∆ ≬©ù©»È ©∆ù© Σ¾≢≬ £∞©∆ ©∆ °≬∞ό≫ù©∞¾≫Ð
Ç∆È∯¾ÈÓ ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∞≢∕È≢∞≬≬∞è¢Ö ό∞℡≬ ∯∯Σ© ©¾ ©∆¾≬ í∕È∞℡ù© è∞ù≬≬Ðâ Ò
‗ù¢≢¾È ℡Ð Ò∞°¾©∞Ó ÆÄÄ ÌÐÒÐ Æ×ÎÓ ÆÊÊ ¦ÛÎÏÆ˚Ð ö¾£℡ÈÓ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© ∕ÈΣ°≫©
°¾≬ ≫¾© ≬»όό≬© ©∆ù© ù ≢ù≬»È ∞≬ ∞≫℡ù¢∞° »≫°È Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ È℡∞£ ≬∞≢∕¢Ö
èΣù»≬ ©∆ ≢ù≫≬ èÖ £∆∞Σ∆ ∞©≬ ∕»È∕¾≬ ∞≬ ùΣΣ¾≢∕¢∞≬∆° È≬© ¾≫ ≬»Σ∆ è∞ù≬≬ÐÏ
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 >12 fh >19)>12 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 126/133
ÊÉ
őù©∆ÈÓ ∕ÈΣ°≫© ∞≫°∞Σù©≬ ©∆ù© ≬»Σ∆ è∞ù≬≬ ∞≫℡ù¢∞°ù© ù ≢ù≬»È ∞∯ ©∆Ö ùÈ ©∆
¾≫¢Ö Σ¾≫Σ∞℡ùè¢ ≫°≬ ∯¾È ©∆ ≢ù≬»ÈÐ ÒÓ ÐόÐÓ ő¾≢È Ó ÅÛÉ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÅÊÅÐ fiόù∞≫Ó
∞≫ °©È≢∞≫∞≫ό £∆©∆È ©∆È ∞≬ ù Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕Ó ¾≫ ≢»≬© èùÈ ∞≫ ≢∞≫° ©∆ù©
Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ È℡∞£ í∞≬ ©∆ ≢¾≬© È¢ù¥° ù≫° ©¾¢Èù≫© ∯¾È≢ ¾∯ ∁»°∞Σ∞ù¢ ≬ΣÈ»©∞≫Ö
»≫°È ©∆ «Ù»ù¢ ‗Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ‰¢ù»≬Ðâ ″ù¢¢ù≬Ó ÆÎ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ×ÄÐ Ç∆»≬Ó ◀ Σù≫≫¾©
Σ¾≫Σ¢»° ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∞≬ í£∆¾¢¢Ö ∞ÈÈ¢℡ù≫©â ©¾ ù≫Ö ¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ù¢
∞≫©È≬©≬Ð ö¢¢È Ó ÅÎ ÌÐÒÐ ù© Ê×Æ ¦∞≫©È≫ù¢ Ù»¾©ù©∞¾≫ ≢ùȲ≬ ¾≢∞©©°˚Ð
Ð
Ź∞℡≫ ©∆ ∕È≬»≢∕©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ℡ù¢∞°∞©Ö ùΣΣ¾È°° ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ∯¾È Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬
È℡∞£Ó ◀ ù≢ ≫¾© Σ¾≫℡∞≫Σ° ©∆ù© ‗Ⱦ∕¾≬∞©∞¾≫ Ï ¢ùΣ²≬ ù Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ È¢ù©∞¾≫≬∆∞∕ ©¾
¢ό∞©∞≢ù© ≬©ù© ∞≫©È≬©≬Ð ‗ÈΣ°≫© ℡∞°≫Σ≬ ¥©È≢ ∁»°∞Σ∞ù¢ È≬©Èù∞≫© ∞≫
ù∕∕¢Ö∞≫ό Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ È℡∞£ ©¾ Ù»ù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ Σù≬≬Ð
‛≫¢Ö èÖ ∯ù∞©∆∯»¢ ù°∆È≫Σ ©¾ ©∆∞≬ ό»∞°∞≫ό ∕È∞≫Σ∞∕¢ ¾∯ ∁»°∞Σ∞ù¢ È℡∞£
¾∯ ¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞¾≫ ∞≬ ∞© ∕¾≬≬∞è¢ ©¾ ∕È≬È℡ ©¾ ©∆ ¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞℡ èÈù≫Σ∆ ∞©≬
È∞ό∆©∯»¢ ∞≫°∕≫°≫Σ ù≫° ∞©≬ ùè∞¢∞©Ö ©¾ ∯»≫Σ©∞¾≫Ð Ð Ð Ð ≉ő∐≬©Èù∞≫©≬ ¾≫
∁»°∞Σ∞ù¢ È℡∞£ ∆ù℡ ù°°° ∯¾ÈΣ £∆È ©∆ ¢ό∞≬¢ù©»È ≢»≬©
≫Σ≬≬ùÈ∞¢Ö ≫όùό ∞≫ ù ∕ȾΣ≬≬ ¾∯ ¢∞≫ß°Èù£∞≫όÐ ″∯∞≫∞≫ό ©∆ Σ¢ù≬≬ ¾∯
∕È≬¾≫≬ ≬»è∁Σ© Ð Ð Ð ∞≫℡∞©ùè¢Ö ÈÙ»∞È≬ ©∆ù© ≬¾≢ ∕È≬¾≫≬ £∆¾ ∆ù℡ ù≫
ù¢≢¾≬© Ù»ù¢¢Ö ≬©È¾≫ό Σ¢ù∞≢ ©¾ ∯ù℡¾È° ©Èù©≢≫© è ∕¢ùΣ° ¾≫
°∞∯∯È≫© ≬∞°≬ ¾∯ ©∆ ¢∞≫Ó ù≫° ©∆ ∯ùΣ© ©∆ù© ©∆ ¢∞≫ ≢∞ό∆© ∆ù℡ è≫
°Èù£≫ °∞∯∯È≫©¢Ö ù© ≬¾≢ ∕¾∞≫©≬ ∞≬ ù ≢ù©©È ∯¾È ¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞℡Ó Èù©∆È ©∆ù≫
∁»°∞Σ∞ù¢Ó Σ¾≫≬∞°Èù©∞¾≫Ð
ùΣ∆ ‰¾≢≢Σã≫≬ Ó ÅÏ ÌÐÒÐ ù© ÊÛÅëÛÄ ¦ù¢©Èù©∞¾≫Ó Σ∞©ù©∞¾≫≬Ó ù≫° ∞≫©È≫ù¢ Ù»¾©ù©∞¾≫
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 >18 fh >19)>18 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 127/133
ÊÏ
≢ùȲ≬ ¾≢∞©©°˚Ð Ç∆»≬Ó ©∆ ∁»°∞Σ∞ùÈÖ ∯ùΣ≬ ù Σ¾≫≬∕∞Σ»¾»≬ ¢∞≢∞© ¾≫ ¾»È ∁»°∞Σ∞ù¢ Ⱦ¢
∞≫ ù∕∕¢Ö∞≫ό Ù»ù¢ ∕Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ©¾ ¢ό∞≬¢ù©∞℡ ≫ùΣ©≢≫©≬Ó èΣù»≬
≉©∐∆ ‰¾»È© ∆ù≬ ∆¢° ©∆ù© ©∆ ⁋¾»È©≫©∆ fi≢≫°≢≫© ∕È≢∞©≬ Ò©ù©≬ ù
£∞° ≬Σ¾∕ ¾∯ °∞≬ΣÈ©∞¾≫ ∞≫ ≫ùΣ©∞≫ό ¢ù£≬ £∆∞Σ∆ ù∯∯Σ© ≬¾≢ όȾ»∕≬ ¾∯
Σ∞©∞¸≫≬ °∞∯∯È≫©¢Ö ©∆ù≫ ¾©∆È≬Ð Ç∆ Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ≬ù∯ό»ùÈ° ∞≬
¾∯∯≫°° ¾≫¢Ö ∞∯ Σ¢ù≬≬∞∯∞Σù©∞¾≫ È≬©≬ ¾≫ όȾ»≫°≬ £∆¾¢¢Ö ∞ÈÈ¢℡ù≫© ©¾
©∆ ùΣ∆∞℡≢≫© ¾∯ ©∆ Ò©ù©ã≬ ¾è∁Σ©∞℡Ð Ò©ù© ¢ό∞≬¢ù©»È≬ ùÈ
∕È≬»≢° ©¾ ∆ù℡ ùΣ©° £∞©∆∞≫ ©∆∞È Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ∕¾£È °≬∕∞© ©∆
∯ùΣ© ©∆ù©Ó ∞≫ ∕ÈùΣ©∞ΣÓ ©∆∞È ¢ù£≬ È≬»¢© ∞≫ ≬¾≢ ∞≫Ù»ù¢∞©ÖÐ fi ≬©ù©»©¾ÈÖ
°∞≬ΣÈ∞≢∞≫ù©∞¾≫ £∞¢¢ ≫¾© è ≬© ù≬∞° ∞∯ ù≫Ö ≬©ù© ¾∯ ∯ùΣ©≬ Èù≬¾≫ùè¢Ö
≢ùÖ è Σ¾≫Σ∞℡° ©¾ ∁»≬©∞∯Ö ∞©Ð
—ΣŹ¾£ù≫ ℡Ð —ùÈÖ¢ù≫° Ó ÊÄÄ ÌÐÒÐ Æ×Ó Æ×Åë×Ä ¦ÛÎÄÛ˚Ð fi ¢ù£ ≢»≬© è »∕∆¢°
»≫¢≬≬ ©∆ ό¾℡È≫≢≫©ã≬ ∁»°ό≢≫© í∞≬ éΣ¢ùÈ¢Ö £È¾≫όÓ ù °∞≬∕¢ùÖ ¾∯ ùÈè∞©ÈùÈÖ ∕¾£ÈÓ
≉¾È∐ ≫¾© ù≫ ¥ÈΣ∞≬ ¾∯ ∁»°ό≢≫©Ðãâ —ù©∆£≬ ℡Ð ″‰ù≬©È¾Ó Æ×Î ÌÐÒÐ ÛÏÛÓ ÛÏÅ
¦ÛÎÉÄ˚Ð
fi∕∕¢Ö∞≫ό Èù©∞¾≫ù¢ èù≬∞≬ È℡∞£ ∞≫ ©∆≬ Σ∞ÈΣ»≢≬©ù≫Σ≬ ù¢≬¾ ÈÙ»∞È≬ ≬»Σ∆
È≬©Èù∞≫©Ð fi≬ ©∆ «∞ό∆©∆ ‰∞ÈΣ»∞© ≬ù∞°Ó ∞≫ ‰∞©∞¸≫≬ ∯¾È «Ù»ù¢ ‗Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫Ó ÆÅÅ ⁋ÐÊ° ù©
ÏÉÀ
◀≫ ©∆ ≫ùÈ¢Ö ¾≫ ∆»≫°È° ù≫° ∯∞∯©Ö ÖùÈ≬ ≬∞≫Σ ©∆ ⁋¾»È©≫©∆
fi≢≫°≢≫© £ù≬ ù°¾∕©°Ó ©¾ ¾»È ²≫¾£¢°ό ≫¾ ý»≬©∞Σ ¾∯ ©∆ Ò»∕È≢
‰¾»È© ∆ù≬ ≬»όό≬©° ©∆ù© ù ≬©ù© ≬©ù©»© ¾È Σ¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫ù¢ ∕Ⱦ℡∞≬∞¾≫
Σ¾°∞∯Ö∞≫ό ©∆ ©Èù°∞©∞¾≫ù¢ °∯∞≫∞©∞¾≫ ¾∯ ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ℡∞¾¢ù©≬ ©∆ «Ù»ù¢
‗Ⱦ©Σ©∞¾≫ ‰¢ù»≬ ¾È ù≫Ö ¾©∆È ∕Ⱦ℡∞≬∞¾≫ ¾∯ ©∆ Ì≫∞©° Ò©ù©≬
‰¾≫≬©∞©»©∞¾≫Ð ◀≫°°Ó ∞≫ ù²È ℡Ð ‚¢≬¾≫Ó Ð Ð Ð £∆≫ ∯ùΣ° £∞©∆ ù⁋¾»È©≫©∆ fi≢≫°≢≫© Σ∆ù¢¢≫ό ©¾ ù °Σ∞≬∞¾≫ èÖ ©∆ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È©
¾∯ —∞≫≫≬¾©ù °≫Ö∞≫ό ù ≢ùÈÈ∞ùό ¢∞Σ≫≬ ©¾ ù ≬ù≢ß≬¥ Σ¾»∕¢Ó ©∆
Ì≫∞©° Ò©ù©≬ Ò»∕È≢ ‰¾»È© °∞≬≢∞≬≬° í∯¾È £ù≫© ¾∯ ù ≬»è≬©ù≫©∞ù¢
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 >1= fh >19)>1= fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 128/133
ÊÎ
∯°Èù¢ Ù»≬©∞¾≫Ðâ Ç∆È ∞≬ ό¾¾° Èù≬¾≫ ∯¾È ©∆∞≬ È≬©Èù∞≫©Ð
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$> \nmb0 >19 fh >19)>19 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 129/133
Rec{bk W{n{bw Gfrq{ fh N||bnjw hfq {ib Ece{i Gcqgrc{
Fhhcgb fh {ib Gjbqo
32 Wbxbe{i W{qbb{Wne Hqnegcwgf* GN 3;><7
Cehfqdn{cfe Qbmnqkcem @rkmdbe{ nek \fw{$@rkmdbe{ \qfgbbkcemw
)Kbgbdabq 1<<3#
@rkmdbe{
‡ [icw Gfrq{ inw hcjbk nek be{bqbk {ib n{{ngibk `rkmdbe{ ce sfrq gnwb%Hbk% Q% N||% \% 78% \jbnwb ef{b {ib hcjbk kn{b fe {ib n{{ngibkkbgcwcfe abgnrwb njj fh {ib kn{bw kbwgqcabk abjf} qre hqfd {in{ kn{b*ef{ hqfd {ib kn{b sfr qbgbcxb {icw ef{cgb%
Dnekn{b )Hbk% Q% N||% \% ;>? 3{i Gcq% Q% ;>$> ( $1#
‡ [ib dnekn{b }cjj cwwrb = knsw nh{bq {ib by|cqn{cfe fh {ib {cdb hfq hcjcem n |b{c{cfe hfq qbibnqcem fq = knsw hqfd {ib kbecnj fh n |b{c{cfehfq qbibnqcem* rejbww {ib Gfrq{ kcqbg{w f{ibq}cwb% [f hcjb n df{cfe {fw{ns {ib dnekn{b* hcjb c{ bjbg{qfecgnjjs xcn {ib n||bjjn{b BGH wsw{bdfq* ch sfr nqb n |qf wb jc{cmne{ fq ne n{{fqebs }c{i ne bybd|{cfe hqfdrwcem n||bjjn{b BGH* hcjb feb fqcmcenj df{cfe fe |n|bq%
\b{c{cfe hfq \nebj Qbibnqcem )Hbk% Q% N||% \% ;<? 3{i Gcq% Q% ;<$>#
\b{c{cfe hfq Qbibnqcem Be Aneg )Hbk% Q% N||% \% 72? 3{i Gcq% Q% 72$> {f $7#
)># N% \rq|fwb )\nebj Qbibnqcem#0
‡ N |nq{s wifrjk wbbo |nebj qbibnqcem fejs ch feb fq dfqb fh {ib hfjjf}cemmqfrekw bycw{0
N dn{bqcnj |fce{ fh hng{ fq jn} }nw fxbqjffobk ce {ib kbgcwcfe?
N ginemb ce {ib jn} fggrqqbk nh{bq {ib gnwb }nw wradc{{bk }icgin||bnqw {f inxb abbe fxbqjffobk as {ib |nebj? fq
Ne n||nqbe{ gfehjcg{ }c{i nef{ibq kbgcwcfe fh {ib Gfrq{ }nw ef{
nkkqbwwbk ce {ib f|cecfe% ‡ Kf ef{ hcjb n |b{c{cfe hfq |nebj qbibnqcem dbqbjs {f qbnqmrb {ib gnwb%
A% \rq|fwb )Qbibnqcem Be Aneg#
‡ N |nq{s wifrjk wbbo be aneg qbibnqcem fejs ch feb fq dfqb fh {ib hfjjf}cemmqfrekw bycw{0
\fw{ @rkmdbe{ Hfqd $ Qbx% >1&1<<3 >
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$1 \nmb0 > fh 2 )>13 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 130/133
Gfewckbqn{cfe as {ib hrjj Gfrq{ cw ebgbwwnqs {f wbgrqb fq dnce{ncerechfqdc{s fh {ib Gfrq{–w kbgcwcfew? fq
[ib |qfgbbkcem cexfjxbw n ~rbw{cfe fh bygb|{cfenj cd|fq{negb? fq
[ib f|cecfe kcqbg{js gfehjcg{w }c{i ne bycw{cem f|cecfe as nef{ibq gfrq{ fh n||bnjw fq {ib Wr|qbdb Gfrq{ nek wraw{ne{cnjjs nhhbg{w nqrjb fh en{cfenj n||jcgn{cfe ce }icgi {ibqb cw ne fxbqqckcem ebbk hfq en{cfenj rechfqdc{s%
)1# Kbnkjcebw hfq Hcjcem0
‡ N |b{c{cfe hfq qbibnqcem dns ab hcjbk }c{ice >; knsw nh{bq be{qs fh
`rkmdbe{% Hbk% Q% N||% \% ;<)n#)>#%
‡ Ch {ib Rec{bk W{n{bw fq ne nmbegs fq fhhcgbq {ibqbfh cw n |nq{s ce n gcxcj gnwb*
{ib {cdb hfq hcjcem n |b{c{cfe hfq qbibnqcem cw ;2 knsw nh{bq be{qs fh
`rkmdbe{% Hbk% Q% N||% \% ;<)n#)>#%
‡ Ch {ib dnekn{b inw cwwrbk* {ib |b{c{cfe hfq qbibnqcem wifrjk ab
nggfd|necbk as n df{cfe {f qbgnjj {ib dnekn{b%
‡ Wbb Nkxcwfqs Ef{b {f 3{i Gcq% Q% ;<$> )|b{c{cfew drw{ ab qbgbcxbk fe {ib
krb kn{b#%
‡ Ne fqkbq {f |rajcwi n |qbxcfrwjs re|rajcwibk dbdfqnekrd kcw|fwc{cfe
by{bekw {ib {cdb {f hcjb n |b{c{cfe hfq qbibnqcem {f >; knsw nh{bq {ib kn{b fh
{ib fqkbq fh |rajcgn{cfe fq* ce njj gcxcj gnwbw ce }icgi {ib Rec{bk W{n{bw fq
ne nmbegs fq fhhcgbq {ibqbfh cw n |nq{s* ;2 knsw nh{bq {ib kn{b fh {ib fqkbq fh
|rajcgn{cfe% 3{i Gcq% Q% ;<$1%
)7# W{n{bdbe{ fh Gfrewbj‡ N |b{c{cfe wifrjk gfe{nce ne ce{qfkrg{cfe w{n{cem {in{* ce gfrewbj–w
`rkmdbe{* feb fq dfqb fh {ib wc{rn{cfew kbwgqcabk ce {ib ‚|rq|fwb— wbg{cfe
nafxb bycw{% [ib |fce{w {f ab qncwbk drw{ ab w{n{bk gjbnqjs%
);# Hfqd ( Erdabq fh Gf|cbw )3{i Gcq% Q% ;<$>? Hbk% Q% N||% \% 71)g#)1##
‡ [ib |b{c{cfe winjj ef{ bygbbk >2 |nmbw rejbww c{ gfd|jcbw }c{i {ib
nj{bqen{cxb jbem{i jcdc{n{cfew fh ;*1<< }fqkw fq 73< jcebw fh {by{%
‡ [ib |b{c{cfe drw{ ab nggfd|necbk as n gf|s fh {ib |nebj–w kbgcwcfe abcem
ginjjbembk%‡ Ne new}bq* }ibe fqkbqbk as {ib Gfrq{* winjj gfd|js }c{i {ib wndb jbem{i
jcdc{n{cfew nw {ib |b{c{cfe%
‡ Ch n |qf wb jc{cmne{ bjbg{w {f hcjb n hfqd aqcbh |rqwrne{ {f Gcqgrc{ Qrjb 19$>* n
|b{c{cfe hfq |nebj qbibnqcem fq hfq qbibnqcem be aneg ebbk ef{ gfd|js }c{i
Hbk% Q% N||% \% 71%
\fw{ @rkmdbe{ Hfqd $ Qbx% >1&1<<3 1
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$1 \nmb0 1 fh 2 )>7< fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 131/133
‡ [ib |b{c{cfe fq new}bq drw{ ab nggfd|necbk as n Gbq{chcgn{b fh
Gfd|jcnegb hfrek n{ Hfqd >>* nxncjnajb fe frq }bawc{b n{ rekbq Hfqdw%
‡ Sfr dns hcjb n |b{c{cfe bjbg{qfecgnjjs xcn {ib n||bjjn{b BGH wsw{bd% Ef
|n|bq gf|cbw nqb qb~rcqbk rejbww {ib Gfrq{ fqkbqw f{ibq}cwb% Ch sfr nqb n
|qf wb jc{cmne{ fq ne n{{fqebs bybd|{bk hqfd rwcem {ib n||bjjn{b BGH
wsw{bd* hcjb feb fqcmcenj |b{c{cfe fe |n|bq% Ef nkkc{cfenj |n|bq gf|cbw nqb
qb~rcqbk rejbww {ib Gfrq{ fqkbqw f{ibq}cwb%
Acjj fh Gfw{w )Hbk% Q% N||% \% 73* 3{i Gcq% Q% 73$>#
‡ [ib Acjj fh Gfw{w drw{ ab hcjbk }c{ice >; knsw nh{bq be{qs fh `rkmdbe{%
‡ Wbb Hfqd >< hfq nkkc{cfenj cehfqdn{cfe* nxncjnajb fe frq }bawc{b n{ rekbq
Hfqdw%
N{{fqebsw Hbbw
‡ Ece{i Gcqgrc{ Qrjb 73$> kbwgqcabw {ib gfe{be{ nek krb kn{bw hfq n{{fqebsw
hbbw n||jcgn{cfew%
‡ Njj qbjbxne{ hfqdw nqb nxncjnajb fe frq }bawc{b n{ rekbq Hfqdw fq as
{bjb|ifecem );>2# 722$=9<8%
\b{c{cfe hfq n ]qc{ fh Gbq{cfqnqc
‡ \jbnwb qbhbq {f {ib Qrjbw fh {ib Rec{bk W{n{bw Wr|qbdb Gfrq{ n{
Gfrewbj Jcw{cem ce \rajcwibk F|cecfew
‡ \jbnwb gibgo gfrewbj jcw{cem fe {ib n{{ngibk kbgcwcfe%
‡ Ch {ibqb nqb nes bqqfqw ce n |rajcwibk f|cecfe* |jbnwb wbek n jb{{bq ce
}qc{cem }c{ice >< knsw {f0
]bw{ \rajcwicem Gfd|nes? 8>< F||bqdne Kqcxb? \F Afy 8;218?W{% \nrj* DE 22>8;$<218 )N{{e0 On{is Ajbwbebq* Wbecfq Bkc{fq#?
nek bjbg{qfecgnjjs hcjb n gf|s fh {ib jb{{bq xcn {ib n||bjjn{b BGH
wsw{bd as rwcem ‚Hcjb Gfqqbw|fekbegb {f Gfrq{*— fq ch sfr nqb ne
n{{fqebs bybd|{bk hqfd rwcem {ib n||bjjn{b BGH wsw{bd* dncj {ib
Gfrq{ feb gf|s fh {ib jb{{bq%
\fw{ @rkmdbe{ Hfqd $ Qbx% >1&1<<3 7
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$1 \nmb0 7 fh 2 )>7> fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 132/133
Hfqd ><% Acjj fh Gfw{w %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% )Qbx% >1$>$
Rec{bk W{n{bw Gfrq{ fh N||bnjw hfq {ib Ece{i Gcqgrc{
ACJJ FH GFW[W
Ef{b0 Ch sfr }cwi {f hcjb n acjj fh gfw{w* c{ DRW[ ab wradc{{bk fe {icw hfqd nek hcjbk* }c{i {ib gjbqo* }c{i |qffh f
wbqxcgb* }c{ice >; knsw fh {ib kn{b fh be{qs fh `rkmdbe{* nek ce nggfqknegb }c{i 3{i Gcqgrc{ Qrjb 73$>% Njn{b acjj fh gfw{w drw{ ab nggfd|necbk as n df{cfe wif}cem mffk gnrwb% \jbnwb qbhbq {f HQN\ 73* 19
R%W%G% § >31<* nek 3{i Gcqgrc{ Qrjb 73$> }ibe |qb|nqcem sfrq acjj fh gfw{w%
x% 3{i Gcq% Ef%
[ib Gjbqo cw qb~rbw{bk {f {ny {ib hfjjf}cem gfw{w nmncew{0
Gfw{ [nynajb
rekbq HQN\ 73*
19 R%W%G% § >31<*
3{i Gcq% Q% 73$>
QB^RBW[BK
Bngi Gfjrde Drw{ Ab Gfd|jb{bk
NJJF]BK
[f Ab Gfd|jb{bk as {ib Gjbqo
Ef% fh
Kfgw%
\nmbw |bq
Kfg%
Gfw{ |bq
\nmb[F[NJ
GFW[
[F[NJ
GFW[
\nmbw |bq
Kfg%
Ef% fh
Kfgw%
Bygbq|{ fh Qbgfqk
F|becem Aqcbh
Qb|js Aqcbh
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ +
F{ibq
New}bqcem Aqcbh
+ +
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ +[F[NJ0 [F[NJ0
Gfw{w |bq |nmb dns ef{ bygbbk %>< fq ng{rnj gfw{* }icgibxbq cw jbww% 3{i Gcqgrc{ Qrjb 73$>%
Gfw{ |bq
\nmb
Nes f{ibq qb~rbw{w drw{ ab nggfd|necbk as n w{n{bdbe{ by|jncecem }is {ib c{bd)w# wifrjk ab {nybk
|rqwrne{ {f 3{i Gcqgrc{ Qrjb 73$>% Nkkc{cfenj c{bdw }c{ifr{ wrgi wr||fq{cem w{n{bdbe{w }cjj ef{ ab
gfewckbqbk%
N{{fqebsw- hbbw gneef{ ab qb~rbw{bk fe {icw hfqd%
F{ibq0
Gfe{cerb {f eby{ |n
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$1 \nmb0 ; fh 2 )>71 fh >
8/3/2019 Prop 8 Unconstitutional Ninth Circuit
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/prop-8-unconstitutional-ninth-circuit 133/133
Hfqd ><% Acjj fh Gfw{w $ Gfe{cerbk
C* * w}bnq rekbq |benj{s fh |bq`rqs {in{ {ib wbqxcgbw hfq }icgi gfw{w nqb {nyb
}bqb ng{rnjjs nek ebgbwwnqcjs |bqhfqdbk* nek {in{ {ib qb~rbw{bk gfw{w }bqb ng{rnjjs by|bekbk nw jcw{bk%
Wcmen{rqb
Kn{b
Endb fh Gfrewbj0
N{{fqebs hfq0
Kn{b Gfw{w nqb {nybk ce {ib ndfre{ fh +
Gjbqo fh Gfrq{
As0 * Kb|r{s Gjbqo
)[f Ab Gfd|jb{bk as {ib Gjbqo#
)!w&! |jrw n{{fqebs-w endb ch wradc{{bk bjbg{qfecgnjjs#
Gnwb0 ><$>8838 <1&<=&1<>1 CK0 9<23<7> Ko{Be{qs0 739$1 \nmb0 2 fh 2 )>77 fh >