A Presentation on[Topic Name]Presented By:[Presenter Name]

Presentation OverviewBackground of the StudyStatement of the ProblemRationale of the StudyObjectiveLiterature ReviewSystem Design/Research MethodologyWork PlanBudget

1. Background of the StudyAccording to WHO, nosocomial infection is defined as An infection acquired in hospital by a patient who was admitted for a reason other than that infection.Neonatal Nosocomial infections are an important cause of neonatal morbidity.According to 2011 Nepal Demographic Health Survey (NDHS), NMR in the most recent period (2006-2010) is 33 deaths per 1,000 live births. The reported incidence of nosocomial infection in neonates from Nepal ranges from 1.5% to 38% (Nepal Journals Online). In contrast, surveillance reports from the USA have reported a rate of 0.9% to 7% (Gayen RP, et al.).

1. Background of the Study ContdApproximate prevalence of nosocomial infection in European countries is nearly about 6.1% and that of developing countries is nearly about 13.2% (WHO, 1995-2008). Infections occur frequently in the neonate, causing illness and possibly death. Neonates acquire nosocomial infections from other neonates, staffs from neonatal unit, their mothers or contaminated supplies and equipment.So, this study would serve as a baseline guide for further development and growth ofnursing care and enhance the preventive strategies used to minimize nosocomial infection from the patient or client, hospital setting, and care giver itself.

2. Statement of the ProblemA study to assess the knowledge and practice of staff working in Neonatal Unit on nosocomial infection, at Patan Hospital, Lagankhel. Neonatal bacterial infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality among neonate admitted to neonatal units.

3. JustificationThe researcher believes that the research could further help and contribute to the following:To the nurseIt could improve the nurses health awareness andearly preventionskillsand method.2.To the hospital administratorsIt can serve as bases of promoting and implementing standard precautionary measures for the clients, care givers and hospital administrators welfare.3. To the future researchersThe findings in this research can help other studies that are related to prevention of nosocomial infection.

4. Objective1.General ObjectivesTo assess the knowledge and practice of staffs working in neonatal unit regarding nosocomial infection.2.Specific ObjectivesTo assess the causes of nosocomial infection in neonatal unit. To determine the preventive measure of nosocomial infection in neonatal unit.To determine the association between knowledge and practice of staffs of neonatal unit.

5. Research QuestionDo the staffs of neonatal unit have the basic knowledge on nosocomial infection?Have the staffs of neonatal unit received any formal training regarding nosocomial infection?What could be done to increase the neonatal unit staffs compliance towards nosocomial infection?What is the role of hospital in the prevention of nosocomial infection?Have the staffs of neonatal unit fully practiced the knowledge what they have gained to prevent nosocomial infection?

6. Variable1.Independent variablesInformation BookletWorking ExperienceTraining

2.Dependent variablesKnowledge and practice of staff about nosocomial infection.

7. Conceptual Framework

8. Operational DefinitionKnowledge: Knowledge means the awareness or information gained by experience about a particular aspect regarding infection control measures from staffs.Practice: I t refers to the action of nursing personnels in related to infection control measures in neonatal unit.Infection control: The utilization of procedures and techniques to reduce the spread of infection, particularly hospital acquired infections.Staffs : People who are working in neonatal unit in selected hospitals.Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A specialized intensive care unit for critically ill and preterm newborns.Hand hygiene : ( cleaning hand by washing .drying and using alchohol based hand rub) Universal precaution in the prevention of the spread of disease.Morbidity: Relative incidence of a particular disease.Mortality: Ratio of deaths in an area to the population of that area; expressed per 1000 peryearSurveillance: Close observation of a person or group.

9. Literature ReviewWHO Press, 2002 has stated that Nosocomial infection is one of the leading cause of death and increased morbidity for hospital patients.Weinstein R. in Principle of Internal Medicine mentioned that nosocomial infections affect more than 2 millions patients each year leading to 90,000 deaths per year.S.J. Dancer, 2009 in his research concluded that using proposed standards for hospital hygiene and keeping the environment clean can reduce the nosocomial infection.Smith, John 2009 concluded in his research that some precautionary measures must be implemented to the nurse since they are the primary care givers to neonates, like using of gloves as a protective gear to prevent transmission of diseases. And proper hand washing can reduce transmission.

9. Literature Review Contd..5. According to John Bosso (2004), Hand washing by staffs of neonatal unit is crucial in preventing and controlling the spread of nosocomial infection. He further stated that through staff education and awareness, ongoing surveillance, and appropriate intervention can this common problem be alleviated.6. Carmen Lucia et. al. has performed a 9 month follow up research among all the staffs of the neonatal unit of University of Geneva Hospital where their teams compared observed hand hygiene compliance and nosocomial infection rates and found that the overall compliance improved gradually from 42% to 55%.7. Jyoti Bala conducted a research on knowledge and practices of staffs in MCH area of selected hospital, Pudhiana and Punjab and found that 56.66% of the staffs have adequate knowledge regarding infection control measures. And these staffs are very much conscious about the nosocomial infections. 8. Darmstadt GL conducted a research on infections control practices in Bangladesh where he found that program should be introduced emphasizing education to staffs and caregivers about the measure to decrease risk of contamination, particularly hand washing, proper disposal of waste which will decrease the nosocomial infection rates.

10. Research Methodology Research Design Study Population Sample Size and Sampling Technique Data Collection ToolValidity and ReliabilityData Collection MethodEthical ConsiderationDelimitationData Management and Analysis

10.1 Research Design The descriptive research design.

10.2 Study PopulationStaff working in Neonatal Unit in Patan Hospital, Kathmandu.

10.3 Sample Size and Sampling TechniqueSample size: Sample comprises to 50 staffs working in neonatal unit.

Sampling technique: The random sampling technique.

10.4 Data Collection ToolStructure questionnaire and checklists.

10.5 Validity and ReliabilityReview of related literature.Consulting with subject teacher, research expert and researches guide.Pre-test will be done involving 10% of total population.On the basis of feedback some modification of the questions will be done.

10.6 Data Collection Method Structured questionnaire method and checklist is used to collect the information.

10.7 Ethical Consideration

10.8 DelimitationThis research is limited to a selected ward and hospital in Kathmandu.This research is limited to 50 respondents.The duration of research is only 6 weeks.Budget is limitted.

10.9 Data Management and AnalysisInformation will be collected manually. It is entered and analyzed using computer program package MS-EXCEL. The data will be edited and coded and recoded as per need. The collected data will be analyzed and interpreted on the basis of different statistical calculation like percentage table, pie chart and bar graph.

11. Plan for DisseminationThis research will be provided to:College libraryPatan HospitalResearch guide and to those who want to pursue their research in similar research topic.

12. Work Plan

Week/Activities1st2nd3rd4th5th6th Topic Selection, Proposal FinalizationLiterature ReviewTools DevelopmentData CollectionData Analysis and Report WritingReport Submission

13. Budget

ParticularsRate (NRs)Days/MonthTotal (NRs)Principle InvestigatorNil--Data Entry10/data-500Field Data Enumerators500/day52500Transportation100/day202000Stationary5000-5000Food100202000Hospital Charge5000-5000Grand Total17000

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