proportionS

ProportionProportionProportionProportion is the relation between elements and a whole.

„proportion is a correspondence among the measures of the members

of an entire work, and of the whole to a certain part selected as

standard. From this result the principles of symmetry. Without

symmetry and proportion there can be no principles in the design of

any temple; that is, if there is no precise relation between its members

as in the case of those of a well shaped man.”

vitrivius-the ten books of architecture (III, Ch. 1)

wikipedia

In architecture the whole is not just a building but the set and

setting of the site. The things that make a building and its site

"well shaped" include the orientation of the site and the

buildings on it to the features of the grounds on which it is

situated. light, shade, wind, elevation, choice of materials, all

should relate to a standard and say what is it that makes it

what it is, and what is it that makes it not something else.

wikipedia

Architectural practice has often used proportional

systems to generate or constrain the forms

considered suitable for inclusion in a building. In

almost every building tradition there is a system of

mathematical relations which governs the

relationships between aspects of the design. These

systems of proportion are often quite simple; whole

number ratios or easily constructed geometric

shapes (such as the vesica piscies or the golden

ratio).

wikipedia

Golden Ratio Vesica Piscies

Generally the goal of a proportional system is

to produce a sense of coherence and harmony

among the elements of a building.

wikipedia

GOLDEN RATIO

The golden section is a line segment sectioned into two according

to the golden ratio. The total length a + ba + ba + ba + b is to the longer

segment aaaa as aaaa is to the shorter segment bbbb.

A FIBONACCI SPIRAL that approximates the

golden spiral, using Fibonacci sequence square

sizes up to 34.

HUMAN BODY

EGYPTIAN CANON

POLIKLET

CANON

LIZYP

CANON

WITRUWIUSZ

CANON

LEONARDO DA VINCI’S

PREPARATION

Middle ages-Willard

de Lionnecourt

XIX c. Alfred

Zeising

MODULE

MODULEMODULEMODULEMODULE - A UNIT TO DEFINE PROPORTIONS.

IT IS USING IN ARCHITECTURE, SCULPTURE

AND PAINTING. SUBORDINATING OF WORK

TO MODULARITY RULES PERMIT ACHIEVE AN

EFECT OF GRAPHIC ORDER, HARMONY AND

RYTHM.

LE CORBUSIER – HUMANISTIC ASPECT OF ARCHITECTURE

BEAUTY AS A RESULT OF PROPOTIONS

LE COLBUSIER PREPARED MODULAR SYSTEM OF

POROPOTION – MODULOR – HE LINKED SYSTEMATICS OF

HUMAN SIZES WITH PHENOMENON OF GOLDEN RATIO.

GOLDEN RATIO CAN BE PRESENT GEOMETRICLY OR AS A

ANALYTIC FORMULA.

GEOMETRICLY- INTERRELATION BETWEEN SQUARE,

CYRCLE AND TRIANGLE.

ANALYTIC FORMULA- G = 1+1/GG = 1+1/GG = 1+1/GG = 1+1/G

LE COLBUSIER DISPENSE PART OF HUMAN BODY: FEED,

SOLAR PLEXUS, HEAD, FINGERS OF ELONGATED HAND.

HE TOOK AVERAGE HEIGHT OF EUROPEAN 175 CM – HE

DIVIDED THIS MEASUREMENT ON THREE SECTIONS OF

GOLDEN RATIO 108,2-66,8-41,45-25,4 CM

25,4 ≈ 10 CAL – ENGLISH CAL

RED ROW - AND DOWN – 6 ENGLISH FOOD = 1828,8

MM ≈ HEIGHT OF MAN

BLUE ROW – HEIGHT WITH REISED HAND = 226 CM

PROPOTIONS SYSTEM => HARMONY,

MODERATION – ANY PART DOESN’T VIOLATE

LAWS OF WHOLE.

UNITE D’HABITATION - LE CORBUSIER

PYRAMIDS - EGYPT

PANTEON - ROME

PALLADIO’S VILLA

THE SAME

PROPORTIONS

SYSTEM

INDIVIDUAL IMAGE