prospects and challenges in the redd implementation: vietnam’s experience in establishment of the...
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Presentation by Dr. Pham Manh Cuong, Department of Forestry Measuring and monitoring, baselines and leakage, Forest Day 3 Sunday, 13 December 2009 Copenhagen, DenmarkTRANSCRIPT
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PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES IN THE
REDD IMPLEMENTATION:
Vietnam’s experience in establishment
of the MRV
Dr. Pham Manh Cuong
Department of Forestry (DoF)
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD)
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Overview
1. Overview on dynamics of forests
2. Vietnam’s experience on NFMA
3. Prospects and Challenges
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I. Overview on dynamics of forests in Vietnam and the participation in the REDD
Initiatives
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1.1 Brief introduction on forests in Vietnam
Total country area: 330.000 sq. km (33 million Ha);
Forests and forestland: 16.2 million ha (49%) were covered by various forest ecosystems with high biodiversity: tropical rain forest, sub-tropical forest, mangrove forest, Melaleuca forests;
•Production forest: 8.34 mill. ha
•Protection forest: 5.68 mill. ha
•Special-use forest: 2.16 mill. Ha
Forests contribute significantly to environmental protection, biodiversity conservation, socio-economic development and poverty alleviation in rural forested areas;
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1.1 Brief introduction on forests in Vietnam
In 2008, forest area: 13.1 mill. Ha (38.7%) of which:
• Natural forests: 10.3 mill. Ha • Forest plantation: 2.8 mill. Ha
Forest cover decreased from
43% (1943) to 28% (1995) BUT
increased to 38.7% (2008).
However, the changes are not
always in progressive and the
same in all regions;
43
33.832.1
3027.2
28.2
34.335.8
36.7
3738.3
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1943 1976 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2002 2003 2005 2006
Fo
rest
co
vera
ge (
%)
Po
pu
lati
on
(M
ill.
pers
)
Population Rural pop. Forest cover
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1.2 Participation in the REDD Initiatives
REDD is one of the key important
components of National Target
Program to Respond to Climate
Change and National Forest
Development Strategy;
Vietnam has actively participated
in several international REDD
Initiatives: FCPF (July 2008) and
UN-REDD (March 2009);
The UN-REDD Prog in Vietnam
was officially launched on
16/8/2009;
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II. Vietnam‘s experience in Forest Monitoring and Assessment
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2.1 National Forest Monitoring and Assessment Program
Year and coverage of first NFI: 1983/1986;
As mandated by the Law, the NFMA is conducted since 1991;
Frequency: every 5 year (about USD 10 million for each Cycle);
Methods: a combination of RS & field surveys:
- RS: for wall-to-wall forest cover mapping. 1991-95: Landsat TM; 96-00: SPOT; 2001-05: Landsat ETM; 2006-2010: SPOT5 ;
- Sampling plots: 4200 vs 2100, systematically distributed over forestland
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2.1 National Forest Monitoring and Assessment Program (2)
Forest classification system: National classification system is revised in 2009 to comply with existing international systems;
Institutional arrangement for the implementation of the NFMA:
- Lead by Forest Inventory and Planning Institute (FIPI) with 9 sub-FIPIs and Centers in different regions;
- With participation of other agencies and provincial forest inventory teams;
NFMA is supplemented by:
- Annual monitoring and reporting: 11,000 forest rangers;
- General Land use Monitoring: every 5 years since 1990
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2.2 Revising current NFMA for the REDD Implementation
Institutional re-arrangement: establishment of the Forestry Directorate;
Methods:
- Revising the National classification system to be suitable with existing international systems and national circumstances;
- Piloting methods of forest carbon measurement at local level: JICA, Finland, GTZ, AusAID, USAID;
- Revising the data management and reporting system: Forest Monitoring and Information System Project funded by the Finland and the forest fire prevention and information system;
- Capacity building for relevant stakeholders at national and local levels;
FAO: Strengthening the National Forest Inventory, Monitoring and Assessment Program (since 1991) in CC context;
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III. Prospect and Challenges
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3.1 Prospect
Political attention and support;
Alignment of the interests of multiple constituencies, ongoing programs and strategies: i.e. NTP-RCC, NFDS, PRS, PES;
Good infrastructure and experience in FMA;
Historical forest data;
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3.2 Constraints & Challenges in Vietnam
REDD requires additional data – methods, investment and improvement capacity of HR;
A lack of technical capacity: in collecting, analyzing, synthesizing and reporting information, especially at local levels;
Insufficient information: incomplete and outdated; data discrepancies & data sharing;
Cooperation among government agencies and integration with on-going programs/projects (TA vs IP);
Participation and performance, especially the local communities;
National MRV and sub-national implementation;