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International Symposium onHARMONISING ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS WITH SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL ofRiver BasinsRiver Basins

PROTECTING WATER RESOURCES- ISSUES AND CHALLENGES

by:NOORHASHIM BIN BARONNational Water Services Commission (SPAN)

SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA1

National Water Services Commission (SPAN)24 – 26 MAC 2010PRINCE HOTEL & RESIDENCE, KUALA LUMPUR

1 Policy and Institutional Framework on

OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION

1. Policy and Institutional Framework on Water Services and Role of SPAN

2. Issues and Challenges

3. Conclusion


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BODYAREA OF

RESPONSIBILITY DESCRIPTION

Federal Government (Ministr of Energ Water

Policy matters Development of a holistic water policy for the co ntr b setting polic

POLICY & INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ON WATER SERVICES

(Ministry of Energy, Water and Communications)

for the country by setting policy directions.

State Government Raw Water matters Regulate raw water abstraction and catchment management

National Water Resource Council (NWRC) – chaired by Prime Minister

Water Resource matters – Cross boundaries / Inter state / Issue of National

Ensures coordination with the various State Government in the management of the water basins.


/ Issue of National interest

National Water Services Commission (SPAN)

Regulatory matters Regulate the Water Services industry (Water and Sewerage services)

STATE FEDERAL

WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM

DAM

RIVER

BALANCINGRESERVOIR

SERVICERESERVOIR

CONSUMER

STATE FEDERAL

CATCHMENT AREA

WATER TREATMENT PLANT


SOURCE TREATMENT DISTRIBUTION

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A) Individual Septic Tank

PREMISE OWNER

SEWERAGE SYSTEM

RIVER

SEWAGETREATMENT PLANT

B) Connected System

PREMISE OWNER

SEPTIC TANK


COLLECTIONTREATMENT

Sewerage remains under the jurisdiction of Federal Government

National Policy Objectives for the Water Supply and Sewerage Services Industry are:

NATIONAL POLICY OBJECTIVES

i. To establish a transparent and integrated structure for watersupply services and sewerage services that delivers effectiveand efficient service to consumers;

ii. To ensure long term availability and sustainability of watersupply including the conservation of water;

iii. To contribute to the sustainability of the watercourse and thewater catchment areas;


iv. To facilitate the development of competition to promoteeconomy and efficiency in the water supply services andsewerage services industry;

v. To establish a regulatory environment which facilitatesfinancial self sustainability amongst the operator in the waterservices and sewerage services industry in the long term;

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vi To regulate for the long-term benefit of the consumers;

NATIONAL POLICY OBJECTIVES (Cont’d…)

vi. To regulate for the long-term benefit of the consumers;vii. To regulate tariff and ensure the provision of affordable

services on an equitable basis;viii. To improve the quality of life and environment through the

effective and efficient management of water supply servicesand sewerage services;

ix. To establish an effective system of accountability andgovernance between operators in the water services andsewerage services industry; and


sewerage services industry; andx. To regulate the safety and security of the water supply

system and sewerage system.

An Act to establish the SuruhanjayaPerkhidmatan Air Negara – SPAN(National Water Services Commission)

SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA ACT 2006 [Act 654]

( )and set out the function and powers ofSPAN which includes:

To advise the Minister on the nationalpolicy objectiveTo implement and enforce the provisionsof WSIATo supervise and monitor water supplyservices and sewerage services activitiesTo review and recommend tariffs


To review and recommend tariffs

SPAN is the economic and technical regulatorApproved by Parliament in June 2006 and came into force on 1 Feb 2007

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An Act to provide for and regulate water supply services and sewerage servicesObjective : to establish a licensing and

WATER SERVICES INDUSTRY (WSIA) ACT 2006 [Act 655]

Objective : to establish a licensing and regulatory framework for regulatory intervention to promote national policy objectives for the industry.Does not affect general applications of existing laws on environment quality and land matters and existing State powers on water source


water source.Approved in Parliament in June 2006 and gazetted on 20th July 2006

Came into force on 1st January 2008

WHO ARE BEING REGULATED?

PUBLICWATER

OPERATORS

PRIVATE WATER

OPERATORS

REGULATED BY SPAN

PUBLICSEWERAGEOPERATORS

OPERATORSPRIVATE

SEWERAGE OPERATORS

SEWERAGE CONTRACTORS

• IWK, PBT Kelantan, PBT Pasir Gudang + MBJB


WATER CONTRACTORS

CONTRACTORS

MANUFACTURERS / SUPPLIERS

PLUMBERS

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QUALITY OUTPUT

The new regulatory regime is aimed to ensure:

QUALITYPEOPLE +PROCESS

QUALITYINPUT

QUALITYOUTPUT

Quality• Materials• Products

Skilled, Competent

• Contractors

QUALITYOPERATION &MAINTENANCE

Efficient• Operation• Facilities

++ =


Contractors• Plumbers

Standard,Proven

• Specification• Procedures• Best

Practices

• Facilities Management and Maintenance





3. Conclusion


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ISSUES AND CHALLENGES- Sg. Langat Water Catchment

Sg. LangatSg. Raya

Sg. PerimbunSg. Sering

Bandar Mahkota Cheras

Sg. Long


Sg. Cheras

ISSUES AND CHALLENGES

Shutdown of Cheras Bt. 11 Water Treatment Plant

Design Capacity: 7.13 MGD;Extracting water from Sg. Langat;Located on top of Bukit Sebaran, Hulu Langat at 133.8 m above sea level;Experienced a total of more than 50 times shutdown since 1998;


Raw water pollution: -High ammonia levelContaminated with oil / dieselContain chemicals

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Part of water catchment areas has been transformed from forest / agricultural area to residential, commercial & industrial area (urbanisation)

Sg. Langat WTP

Cheras Bt 11 WTP

(urbanisation).


Langat River

Raya Raya

CherasRiver


Langat River (Upper Langat) and its tributaries

Sering RiverLangat River


Raya RiverPerimbun River

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Langat River (Upper Langat) and its tributaries



Source of pollution

o Domestic sewageEffluent from public & private STP and septic tanks.

o Manufacturing and Industrial dischargeEffluent discharges, illegal dumping, leakages of waste, accidental spillage etc.

o Wet marketo Private nurseries & agriculture


o Private nurseries & agricultureo Run-off water

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EVOLUTION OF THE SEWERAGE SYSTEM IN MALAYSIA

Prior to 1950-s


Year1950-s 1970-s 1980-s 1990-s 2000

Primitive / Primary Treatment Partial / Full Secondary Treatment

1960-s

Pour FlushSeptic Tank

Imhoff TankOP/AL Activated Sludge/

Biological FiltersFully Mechanised

Plant

Address Public Health Address River Pollution Address Environment

Future TertiaryTreatment

BEFORE & AFTER REFURBISHMENT / UPGRADING

Before After


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Environmental Quality Act 1974Environmental Quality (Sewage) Regulations 2009

Effluent discharge standards for existing sewage treatment systems

Sewage treatment systems approved before January 1999Type of Sewage Treatment Systems

Parameter Unit Communal Septic Tank

Imhoff Tank Aerated Lagoon

Oxidation Pond

Mechanical System

A B A B A B A B A B

(a) BOD5 at 20oC mg/L 200 200 175 175 100 100 120 120 60 60

(b) COD mg/L - - - - 300 300 360 360 180 240

(c) Suspended Solids mg/L 180 180 150 150 120 120 150 150 100 120

(d) Oil & Grease mg/L - - - - - - - - 20 20

(e) Ammoniacal Nitrogen mg/L - - 100 100 80 80 70 70 60 60

S t t t t d ft J 1999


Standard

Parameter Unit A B

(a) BOD5 at 20 OC mg/L 20 50

(b) COD mg/L 120 200

(c) Suspended Solids mg/L 50 100

(d) Oil and Grease mg/L 20 20

(e) Ammoniacal Nitrogen (enclosed water body) mg/L 50 50

Sewage treatment systems approved after January 1999


Environmental Quality Act 1974Environmental Quality (Sewage) Regulations 2009

Effluent discharge standards A & B for new sewage treatment systems

STANDARD

A B

(a) Temperature oC 40 40

(b) pH Value - 6.0 - 9.0 5.5 – 9.0

(c) BOD5 at 20oC mg/L 20 50

(d) COD mg/L 120 200

(e) Suspended Solids mg/L 50 100

(f) Oil and Grease mg/L 5.0 10.0


(g) Ammoniacal Nitrogen (enclosed water body) mg/L 5.0 5.0

(h) Ammoniacal Nitrogen (river) mg/L 10.0 20.0

(i) Nitrate – Nitrogen (river) mg/L 20.0 50.0

(j) Nitrate – Nitrogen (enclosed water body) mg/L 10.0 10.0

(h) Phosphorus (enclosed water body) mg/L 5.0 10.0

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Possible Solution

Structural Non-structuralUpgrade the existing water treatment plant

Enforcement

Upgrade the existing sewage treatment plant

Awareness campaign

Relocate the water intake point Research and Development


Improve the drainage systems to control both quantity and quality of urban runoff.





3. Conclusion


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CONCLUSION

The protection of Langat watercatchment is needed in ensuringsustainability of water resources forfuture use;The water management approach shallconsider for both quantity and quality of


river water.

THANK YOU


Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara Daripada :

www.span.gov.my

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