HONORS BIOLOGY SOL.BIO.6F

Protein Synthesis:Transcription

& Translation

MAKING PROTEINS!

WHY DO WE NEED PROTEINS? Cell Structure

The cell is 80% protein

WHAT DO WE NEED FOR PROTEIN SYNTHESIS?

DNA

Template for making mRNA during Transcription

*The template strand is the DNA strand being copied

WHAT DO WE NEED FOR PROTEIN SYNTHESIS?

RNAA) mRNA = messenger RNA

Makes and takes copy of DNA to the cytoplasm

B) tRNA = transfer RNABrings the anticodons to pair with the codons on the mRNA strand

WHAT DO WE NEED FOR PROTEIN SYNTHESIS?

Ribosome

Amino Acids Building blocks of proteins Protein = AA chain

ORDER MATTERS!!

STEPS OF PROTEIN SYNTHESIS Transcription (Writing the “message”)

DNA -> mRNALocation = Nucleus

Steps:1. Enzyme binds to DNA, unzips it2. mRNA copy is made from DNA template

*U replaces T in RNA* mRNA complements known as codons

Only 3 nucleotide “letters” long

TRANSLATION mRNA -> tRNA -> protein (AA

chain) Location= cytoplasm

First codon in mRNA is the start codon AUG

STEPS TO TRANSLATION 1. mRNA moves to the cytoplasm and binds with

ribosome 2. tRNA brings the anticodon to bind with the Codon 3. Ribosome moves down to mRNA to next codon 4. tRNA anticodon brings & attached next AA with

peptide bond (Elongation) 5. tRNA leaves ribosome once AA attached

Attached amino acid that is carried from cytoplasm to ribosomes

http://wn.com/protein_synthesis_animation

PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

NOW LET’S PRACTICE!DNATriplet

mRNACodon

tRNAAnti-codon

TACGGACCTGTAACT