protein synthesisflipbook dillon perry
TRANSCRIPT
Protein Synthesis Flipbook
By. Dillon Perry
Cell Membrane
Ribosome
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
DNA
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~TACTCGCTACTGAGACT~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ATGAGCGATGACTCTGA~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~TACTCGCTACTGAGACT~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ATGAGCGATGACTCTGA~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
RNA Polymerase
Stop CodonStart Codon
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~TACTCGCTACTGAGACT~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ATGAGCGATGACTCTGA~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
RNA Polymerase
Stop CodonStart Codon
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~TACTCGCTACTGAGACT~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ATGAGCGATGACTCTGA~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
RNA Polymerase
Stop CodonStart Codon
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~TACTCGCTACTGAGACT~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ATGAGCGATGACTCTGA~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~TACTCGCTACTGAGACT~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ATGAGCGATGACTCTGA~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~TACTCGCTACTGAGACT~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ATGAGCGATGACTCTGA~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~TACTCGCTACTGAGACT~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ATGAGCGATGACTCTGA~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~TACTCGCTACTGAGACT~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ATGAGCGATGACTCTGA~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ TACTCGCTACTGAGACT~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ATGAGCGATGACTCTGA~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ TAC TCGCTACTGAGACT~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ATGAGCGATGACTCTGA~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
AUG
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~TAC TCG CTACTGAGACT~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ATGAGCGATGACTCTGA~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
AUG AGC
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~TACTCG CTA CTGAGACT~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ATGAGCGATGACTCTGA~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
AUG AGC GAU
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~TACTCGCTA CTG AGACT~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ATGAGCGATGACTCTGA~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
AUG AGC GAU GAC
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~TACTCGCTACTG AGT ACT~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ATGAGCGATGACTCATGA~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~TACTCGCTACTGAGTACT~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ATGAGCGATGACTCATGA~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
mRNA strand
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~TACTCGCTACTGAGTACT~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ATGAGCGATGACTCATGA~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~TACTCGCTACTGAGTACT~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ATGAGCGATGACTCATGA~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~TACTCGCTACTGAGTACT~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ATGAGCGATGACTCATGA~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~TACTCGCTACTGAGTACT~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ATGAGCGATGACTCATGA~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~TACTCGCTACTGAGTACT~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ATGAGCGATGACTCATGA~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
mRNA strand
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~TACTCGCTACTGAGTACT~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ATGAGCGATGACTCATGA~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Nuclear pore
Nuclear pore
Nuclear pore
Nuclear pore
Nuclear pore
Nuclear pore
Nuclear pore
Nuclear pore
Nuclear pore
Nuclear pore
Nuclear pore
Nuclear pore
Nuclear pore
Nuclear pore
Nuclear pore
Ribosome: large subunit
Ribosome: small subunit
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
UGA
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
UGA
Start Codon
tRNA molecule
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
UGA
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
UGA
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
UGA
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
UGA
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
UGA
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
UGA
CUG
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
UGA
CUG
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
UGA
CUG
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
UGA
CUG
Anti-codon
Stop Codon
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA UGA
CUG
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA UGA
CUG
CUG
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA UGA
CUG
CUG
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA UGA
CUG
CUG
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA UGA
CUG
CUG
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA UGA
CUG
CUG
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA UGA
CUG
CUG
UCG
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA UGA
CUG
CUG
UCG
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
UGACUGCUG
UCG
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
UGA
CUGCUG
UCGPeptide Bond
Amino acid
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
UGA
CUGCUG
UCG
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
UGA
CUGCUGUCG
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
UGA
CUGCUGUCG
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
UGA
CUG
CUGUCG
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
UGA
CUG
CUGUCG
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
UGA
CUG
CUG
UCG
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
UGA
CUG
CUG
UCG
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
UGA
CUG
CUG
UCG
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
UGA
CUG
CUG
UCG
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
CUG
CUG
UCG
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
CUG
UCG
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
CUG
UCG
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
CUG
UCG
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
UCG
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
Tertiary Protein structure
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
AUG AGC GAU GAC UCA
First, RNA polymerase unwinds the double helix and “latches” onto it. Then it starts to read the DNA and adds complementary nucleotides to make a mRNA strand. The RNA polymerase then gets off the DNA and it snaps back into a double helix shape while the mRNA breaks off. The mRNA leaves the nucleus and goes to a ribosome. The ribosome reads the mRNA and tRNA molecules bring in anti-codons to match the codons on the mRNA. Certain anti-codons match with certain amino acids. When two tRNA molecules come together a peptide bond forms between the amino acids and the tRNA leaves. Once the Ribosome gets to the stop codon, the amino acids move away and start to fold into the tertiary structure.