Protista

Amoeba

Chlamydomonas

Euglena

Paramecium

ClassificationBased on method of locomotion • Rhizopoda – have pseudopodia eg amoeba

• Flagellates include Chlamydomonas & Euglena

• Ciliates include Paramecium

Amoeba• No definite shape

• Phagocytosis food vacuole stores and digests

• Moves by anterior and secondary pseudopods.

Would you expect to find an eye spot in amoeba?

No – amoeba doesn’t need light – no photosynthesis!

contractile vacuole

food vacuole

pseudopod

http://www.microscopyu.com/moviegallery/pondscum/amoeba/ (very short)

Chlamydomonas• Unicellular flagellate green alga.

• Chloroplasts for photosynthesis.

• Pyrenoids are centres of carbon dioxide fixation within the chloroplasts of algae

Would chlamydomonas have an eye spot?

Yes – chlamydomonas photosynthesises! Eye spot is part of the large chloroplast

contractile vacuole

chloroplast

flagellum

Euglena• Heterotrophic phagocytosis AND Autotrophic

photosynthesis (has chloroplasts)

• Fresh water / salt water / soil.

• Whip-like flagellum.

• Can form dormant spore in dry conditions.

Would euglena have an eye spot?

Yes – usually red, near flagellum.

eye spot

contractile vacuolechloroplast

http://www.microscopyu.com/moviegallery/pondscum/euglena/ (very short)

Paramecium• Freshwater ciliate

• Deep oral groove with oral cilia which draw food inside.

• The bubbles throughout the cell are also vacuoles.

• Cilia all over the body or restricted only to certain regions.

Would paramecium have an eye spot?

No

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l9ymaSzcsdY&NR=1&feature=fvwp (eating)

contractile vacuoles

meganucleus

http://www.microscopyu.com/moviegallery/pondscum/paramecium/ (short)

Organism Nutrition Movement Osmoregulation Eye spot

Amoeba heterotrophic      

Paramecium   cilia    

Euglena     contractile vacuole

 

Chlamydomonas       y

Complete table in Chilton booklet

Organism Nutrition Movement Osmoregulation Eye spot

Amoeba heterotrophic pseudopodia  Contractile vacuoles 

 n

Paramecium heterotrophic  cilia  Contractile vacuoles

 n

Euglena heterotrophic and

autotrophic 

flagellum  contractile vacuole

 y

Chlamydomonas  heterotrophic and

autotrophic

flagella   Contractile vacuoles

y

Handouts

• Unicellular Protists handout

Clickview

Homeostasis (25 min)

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Key Words

Exercises

Quick Quiz

Videos

RecapLabel fun

Key words• Metabolism• Substrate• Product• Reaction rate• Enzyme• Globular protein• Biological catalyst• 3D structure• Denaturation• Active site• Specificity

• Enzyme-substrate complex

• Lock and Key model• Induced fit model• Exergonic• Endergonic• Activation energy

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Quick quiz1. Chemical reactions in living cells are _____ reactions

2. ____ reactions build up molecules

3. ____ reactions break down molecules

4. ____ speed up reactions

5. ____ are biological catalysts

6. Enzymes are made of ____

7. Enzymes are ____-shaped

8. Enzyme function depends on its ____

9. The ____ site of the enzyme binds with the substrate

10.____ model: substrate must fit exactly into the enzyme

11.____ model: enzyme shape can change to fit

12.Enzymes lower the ____ required to initiate a reaction

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Answers

Quick quiz1. Chemical reactions in living cells are metabolic

reactions

2. Anabolic reactions build up molecules

3. Catabolic reactions break down molecules

4. Catalysts speed up reactions

5. Enzymes are biological catalysts

6. Enzymes are made of protein

7. Enzymes are globular-shaped

8. Enzyme function depends on its shape

9. The active site of the enzyme binds with the substrate

10.Lock and key model: substrate must fit exactly into the enzyme

11.Induced fit model: enzyme shape can change to fit

12. Enzymes lower the activation energy required to initiate a reaction

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Exercise

• Workbook p58 • Pathfinder pp42-3 qq 1-4 • Chilton Booklet

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Videos• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oddMUHIj0wI

• http://www1.teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?title=Kingdom_Protista&video_id=223926 (7minutes)

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Recap Back to menu

Draw and label each

protist

Pathfinder p43, q1-3

Pair up with a friend and teach each

other

Draw a mind-map of

important processes

Chilton booklet

worksheet

AmoebaOsmoregulation – contractile vacuoles expel ___________

Nutrition – pseudopods engulf _____

Contains ingested ___________

Locomotion – flowing of __________

food

psudopod

water

foodBack to menu

2 hairlike projections for rapid, jerky movement

composed of cellulose

cell wall

flagellafor light detection

eye spot

osmoregulation

contractile vacuole

storage

starch granule

starch formation

pyrenoid

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beats for locomotion

eye spot for light detection

flexible, inside plasma membrane – cell can change shape

osmoregulation

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2

beat for locomotion

oral groove with cilia to beat food into mouth

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Mitosis and Cytokinesis

No sexual reproduction

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