Protists

• The most diverse kingdom of eukaryotes

• Mostly aquatic organisms

• Mode of nutrition is used to classify protists into 3 main groups– Protozoa (ingestive, animal-like)– Algae (photosynthetic, plant-like)– Slime molds (absorptive, fungus-like)

Directions

• READ CAREFULLY

• LOOK AT PICTURES

• REMEMBER INFORMATION AND PICTURES

• USE YOUR NOTES TO RELATE PPT TO THE TAXONOMY AND INFORMATION GIVEN

A common protozoan is the paramecium – can you see the cilia?

http://faculty.plattsburgh.edu/jose.deondarza/research/Photos/Paramecium.jpg

Protozoans

• Trypanosoma --------- is the protozoan that causes African sleeping sickness

• Giardia ------------------ causes the diarrhea sickness contracted from contaminated water (yuck! – always bring your own water on hikes!)

www.innovations-report.com/. ../report-19279.html martin.parasitology.mcgill.ca/.../ GIARDIA.HTM

Rhizopods

http://shs.westport.k12.ct.us/mjvl/biology/cells/amoeba.gif

•This drawing of an amoeba illustrates the pseudopod.

• Can you recognize the pseudopod in this amoeba?

Plasmodium

parasitol.wkhc.ac.kr/ image/oth/mosq.GIF

•These protozoans may seem harmless since they can’t move far on their own, but they use vectors, such as insects, to get them where they want to go.

•Plasmodium (purple in a field of red blood cells) is the protozoan that causes malaria with the help of mosquitoes as the vector.

More Rhizopods: Note the psdeudopods

• Heliozoans

• Radiolarians

• Foraminiferans

Now that you are a protozoan pro, do you remember the next group of protists – those that

make their own food?

ALGAEALGAEClick to see the correct answer…

Algae

There are 6 main phyla of these plant-like protists:

1. Green algae2. Euglena3. Dinoflagellates4. Diatoms5. Red algae6. Brown algae

Let’s take a look…

Green algae: chlorophyta

www.sonoma.edu/biology/ algae/Green.html www.acadweb.wwu.edu/.../ 25_hydrodictyon_40x.jpg http://www.acadweb.wwu.edu/courses/envr429-rm/Robin/images/envr429/27_oedogonium_40x.jpg

•Green algae are thought to be the direct ancestor of land plants

Euglena

http://www.bgbm.org/kusber/images/euglena.gif

The euglena performs photosynthesis like a plant, but has a flagellum and moves around like a protozoan – cool!

http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Sciences/BotanicalSciences/MajorDivisions/KingdomProtista/Protists/euglena.gif

Dinoflagellates

• have 2 flagella that make them spin; some can secrete dangerous toxins – one example is the red tides caused by Pfiesteria, which lead to fish kills

http://biology.nebrwesleyan.edu/Courses/Labs/Biology_of_Animals/ZooLab9/Dinoflagellates_100X.jpg

http://www.infectiousdiseasenews.com/199906/S9a06587.gif

Zooxanthellae

• Dinoflagellate that lives in a symbiotic relationship with coral. When removed via water warming coral dies (coral bleaching). Note the tentacle colonized by the zooxanthellae.

Red Tides: Another dinoflagellate

Diatoms

http://www.nhm.ac.uk/hosted_sites/quekett/Others/Gallery/Helios/diatom.jpg

http://www.lifesci.ucsb.edu/mcdb/research/facilities/microscopy/diatom.jpg

http://www.acnatsci.org/research/biodiv/diatompics/diatom.jpg

This phylum of algae is noted for its symmetry and beautiful glass shells

Red algae: rhodophyta

www.alumni.ca/ ~thoga3n/redalgae.gif faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/

faculty/Michael.Gr...

* The red pigment, phycoerythrin, allows red algae to photosynthesize at greater depths

* The agar in the plates that we used for the bacteria lab was a red algae

* Carrageenan (an ingredient in many ice creams) and Nori (the wrapping around sushi) are both red algaes

Nori: red algae used for makisushi

Brown algae; phaeophyta

http://www.nmnh.si.edu/botany/projects/algae/Imag-Pha.htmhttp://www.sonoma.edu/biology/algae/Nereocystis.GIF

The largest living algae; kelp forms an underwater forest-like habitat.

Slime molds

• Slime molds obtain food through decomposition of organic material

• This is a slime mold> commonly found on grass. It’s called the dog vomit slime mold – eewww, gross!

Okay, quiz time!

• Name the three categories of protists – say them out loud to your partner

* hint: one is animal-like, one is plant-like, and one is fungus-like

click to see the answers

1. Protozoans (animal-like)

2. Algae (plant-like)

3. Slime molds (fungus-like)

Matching:match each protozoan with it’s mode of locomotion

Cilia (ciliaphora)

Flagella (mastigophora)

Pseudopod (sarcodina)

Click to see the correct answers

What protozoan doesn’t move? Click again to see answer…

Apicomplexa

Matching Part Deux:On a separate sheet of paper, match each numbered

statement with the correct lettered organism (some used twice). Answers are on the next slide.

1. Pretty glass shells

2. Huge kelp beds

3. Lead to red tides

4. Causes African Sleeping Sickness

5. Sushi wrap

6. One type is “dog vomit”

7. Has flagella and chloroplasts

8. Have 2 flagella

9. Decompose their food

10. Causes malaria

11. Ancestors of land plants

12. Can photosynthesize at great depths

a. Dinoflagellates

b. Trypanasoma

c. Slime molds

d. Diatoms

e. Red algae

f. Brown algae

g. Green algae

h. Euglena

i. Plasmodium

Answers• 1 d• 2 f• 3 a• 4 b• 5 e• 6 c• 7 h• 8 a• 9 c• 10 I• 11 g• 12 e

Matching practice: Answers on next page

a. Dinoflagellates g. phaeophytab. Trypanasoma h. chlorophytac. Slime molds i. rhodophytad. Diatoms j. Euglenae. Paramecium k. Plasmodiumf. Giardia l. rhizopoda

1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8

Answers

• 1. i• 2. c• 3. h• 4. l• 5. e• 6. d• 7. k• 8. j

Yes, you are now excused!