January 27, 2014 EX 7.7: Motivations for Imperialism Page 1

Do First (3 minutes) and Share Out (2 minutes)

Why might one country want to control another? Is this a good or a bad thing, in your opinion?

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Objective (1 minute): SWBAT analyze primary and secondary sources in order to explain the causes and effects of European and American Imperialism

Mastery: At the end of this lesson you will need to:

1. Successfully answer questions on an Exit Ticket2. Write a thesis with the following prompt:

What are the causes and effects of American and European Imperialism in the late 1800’s?

Agenda (1 minute)

Do First and Share Out (5 minutes) Lesson Overview (2 minutes) Key Ideas (6 minutes) Imperialism: Reading (25 minutes) Thesis Writing (5 minutes) Exit Ticket (5 minutes)

Key Ideas (6 minutes)

1. Imperialism is a political philosophy or ideology (synonyms) that was followed by the United States and Europe during the last part of the 1800’s and early 1900’s. This philosophy encouraged the US and Europe to control less developed areas of the world (especially in Africa and China).

2. The two major reasons why the US and Europe engaged in these imperialistic practices were:

a. Because of the Industrial Revolution, the developed world (US and Europe) needed new sources of raw materials to use in factories

b. Many Westerners believed it was their duty to teach the “uncivilized” Africans and Asians how to be Christian and how to live more like Westerners (which was considered better)

3. Many parts of Africa and China benefited from this control in that they had new jobs and new infrastructure (schools, roads, etc…) built by Westerners.

4. However, most native people were exploited for money and forced to give up their culture in exchange for the above benefits.

Essential Question: What is more valuable,

prosperity or the freedom to make your own

choices?

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January 27, 2014 EX 7.7: Motivations for Imperialism Page 2Part I: The Age of Imperialism

The Age of Imperialism was a time period beginning around 1870 when modern, relatively developed nations were taking over less developed areas, colonizing them, or influencing them in order to expand their own power. Although imperialist practices have existed for thousands of years, the term "Age of Imperialism" generally refers to the activities of nations such as the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, Japan and the United States in the early 18th through the middle 20th centuries, e.g., the "The Great Game" in Persian lands, the "Scramble for Africa" and the "Open Door Policy" in China.

1. Define the term “Imperialism”._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Why might one country want to control another country? What did the controlling country get out of it? What might the country that is controlled get out of it? (CTQ)___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Part II: Reasons and Justifications for Imperialism

A controversial aspect of imperialism is the imperial power’s defense and justification of such actions. J. A. Hobson identifies this justification:

Developed Countries Vs. Developing Countries

Developed Countries have

complex economies and strong industrial

infrastructures

Developing Countries have low standards of living and do not possess

strong industrial infrastructures

Examples:United States

FranceGreat Britain

GermanyItaly

Japan

Examples:EthiopiaSomalia

AfghanistanDemocratic Republic

of the Congo

2. Where did Imperialism take place? What are the specific namesfor the imperialistic activities that took place in those areas?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Who was responsible for these imperialistic practices?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

January 27, 2014 EX 7.7: Motivations for Imperialism Page 3“It is desirable that the earth should be peopled, governed, and developed, as far as possible, by

the races which can do this work best, i.e. by the races of highest 'social efficiency'.”

Another major reason for European and American Imperialism was the need of these countries for raw materials to fuel their further industrialization. Essentially, imperialist powers used their influence to funnel raw materials from the countries they controlled overseas back to their home countries to be turned into manufactured goods. These goods were then shipped back overseas to the controlled countries to be sold for a profit.

The White Man’s BurdenTake up the White Man's burden--Send forth the best ye breed--Go bind your sons to exileTo serve your captives' need;To wait in heavy harness,On fluttered folk and wild--Your new-caught, sullen peoples,Half-devil and half-child.

This is clearly the racial argument, which pays heed to other ideas such as the “White Man’s Burden” prevalent at the turn of the twentieth century. A poem, “The White Man’s Burden” appears to be a command to white men to colonize and rule other nations for the benefit of those people. Both the people and the duty may be seen as representing the "burden" of the title. Because of its theme and title, it has become emblematic (symbolic) both of Eurocentric racism and of Western aspirations to dominate the developing world.

1. What are the two main reasons Europeans and the United States practiced Imperialism?

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2. Are these effects positive or negative for a.) dominant countries and b.) subordinate countries?

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List of Raw Materials

CottonIronSilkCoalLatex

GoldSilver

DiamondsOther MetalsOther Fibers

January 27, 2014 EX 7.7: Motivations for Imperialism Page 4

Part III: The Scramble for Africa

The Scramble for Africa, also known as the Race for Africa was a process of invasion, occupation, colonization and annexation of African territory by European powers during the New Imperialism period, between 1881 and World War I in 1914. The last 59 years of the 19th century saw transition from the Indirect Rule through military influence and economic dominance to that of direct rule.

1. Describe Africa before Imperialism in terms of the societies that occupied it.

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2. Describe Africa after Imperialism in terms of the societies that occupied it.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________African boys

who failed to harvest enough rubber sap. The punishment was the removal of a hand. (Left)

African children being taught Christianity by a European. (Right)

January 27, 2014 EX 7.7: Motivations for Imperialism Page 5

SAR (7 minutes)

Identify 2 major causes of imperialism and describe each.

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Peer Review

1. Can you find the place in this student’s answer where he/she identifies 2 motivations for imperialism? Yes/No (Annotate this in their response).

2. Can you find the place in this student’s answer where he/she describes 2 motivations for imperialism? Yes/No (Annotate this in their response).