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16/05/2019
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Martin Buchheit, PhD
FIRSTBEAT HRV SUMIIT
Elements of optimal performanceMay 13-14, 2019, Helsinki
HRV monitoring, tool or toy? Insight from the elite world
@mart1buch
A 20-years relationship with HRV
HRV?98 Msc00 Athletes01Martin
Daily for 7 yrs
02 PhD mb04 PhD 207 PhD309 PhD 411 Reviews13 PhD 516
Hypoxia Physical activityFitnessAgeingFatigue
Handball players(Youth elite and Pros)
Cyclists, Swimmers, TriathletesFootball players, Rowers
>35 papers3 reviews1 book
Science + real world with Elites
Mechanisms
LimitationsRecord. conditions
athletes n≈ 1000
HIIT Science19
rMSSD
Book and Online Course@HIITscience
5 PhDs…Hani Al Haddad, PhD #2
(France &Qatar)
Dan Plews, PhD #4(New Zealand)
Robon Thorpe, PhD #5 (UK)
Jamie Stanley, PhD #3(Australia)
Australian CyclingQatar Federation
Manchester United
Tri World Champ
Prescription
ExternalLOAD
InternalLOAD
LOAD = STRESS
on the body
INPUT
OUTPUT
IntensityVolume
PERFORMANCE
LOAD MONITORING
Ind
ivid
ual
ch
ara
cte
rist
ics
[La]
TRAINING RESPONSE
MONITORING
HRV
1. Responses to training
2. HRV-guided training
3. Practical considerations
Overview
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3 4
5 6
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Buchheit et al. EJAP 2010b
Recreational adult runners
8-weeks training
5-min run every second week + daily HRV
More = better 8-weeks trainingin recreational adult runners
Buchheit et al. EJAP 2010b
More = better
Plews EJAP 2012
Elite Triathletes(NZ Champions)
Less = worse
Plews Sports Med 2013
Olympic / World Gold ChampionsRowing
More IS NOT better
Stanley IJSPP 2015
More IS NOT better
Plews 2014
Intensity distribution IT DEPENDS !!!!!!!
HIIT
LSD
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9 10
11 12
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Hedman Act Physiol Scand 1995
Vagal tone vs. modulation Saturation?
Plews Sports Med 2013
rMSSD/RR
Plews Sports Med 2013
Saturation (↓rMSSD/ ↑RR)
Inc. sympathetic activity(↓rMSSD/ ↓RR)
Variability of the variability
(CV)
Buchheit EJAP 2010
Less = positive!
Plews EJAP 2012
Elite Triathletes(NZ Champions)
Less = negative
Variability of the
variability (CV)
• Buchheit (2010) in elite youth soccer: lower CV = greater fitness
• Plews (2012) in elite triathletes: lower CV = maladaptation
• Flatt (2017) in college swimmers: CV increases = + response
• Flatt (2017) in college women soccer: CV inc. = + response
• Flatt in R7 (2018): low CV →better adaptation !!!!
CV….
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2. HRV-guided training
Hautala et al. Clin Physiol 2001
Holt 2018, HIIT Science
Responses to HIIT sessions (rowing)•5 x 10 min, 4 min rest (threshold session)•5 x 3.5 min, 4 min rest (long interval HIIT)•10 x 30 s, 5 min rest (sprint interval training)
HIIT
Holt 2018, HIIT Science
Stanley Sports Med 2013
Low-intensity HIIT
Threshold-intensity
Stanley Sports Med 2013
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Stanley Sports Med 2013
Pro Handball players
HRV-guided training
Kiviniemi et al. EJAP 2007
Kiviniemi et al. EJAP 2007MSSE 2009In Stanley Sports Med 2013
Javaloyes IJSPP 2019
Nuutilla IJSM 2017
HRV-guided training leads to greater perf improvements
Data selection/collectionWeek averageRandom day of the week
Plews EJAP 2013
Race day
Race day
Race dayRace day
Race day
Race day
Plews IJSPP 2014
Week averageRandom day of the week
Data selection/collection
*
Triathletes: Baseline to Overload
Number of days of Ln rMSSD is averaged
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Sta
nda
rdis
ed
diffe
ren
ces
-1.0
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
Lik
ely
R2 = 0.92
Lik
ely
Very
likely
Lik
ely
Lik
ely
Lik
ely
Uncle
ar
Triathletes: Overload to Taper
Number of days of Ln rMSSD is averaged
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Uncle
ar
Uncle
ar
Uncle
ar
Uncle
ar
Uncle
ar
Uncle
ar
Uncle
ar
R2= 0.05
Recreational Runners: Week 1 to Week 9
Number of days of Ln rMSSD is averaged
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Alm
ost c
erta
in
Alm
ost c
erta
in
Alm
ost c
erta
in
Lik
ely
Very
likely
Uncle
ar
Lik
ely
R2= 0.46
*
Plews IJSPP 2014
Data selection/collection
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27 28
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Versterinen MSSE 2016
3. Practical considerations
Utra-Trail
Buchheit Frontiers 2014
170 km
Player #11
Player #1
Week 3 Week 4
Adapted from Thorpe IJSPP 2015
Buchheit EJAP 2012
HRV sensitivity is performance-specific
3-Month period
Buchheit Frontiers 2014
When to use HR measures?Type of sport
Limited usefulness of
HR(V) monitoring
Team sports Individual sports
Once a week< Once a week
Limited usefulness of
HR(V) monitoring
HRex
Daily to ≥3 /week Once a week
Resting HRV
rMSSD
Daily
< Once a week
Limited usefulness of
HR(V) monitoring
High metabolic componentHigh training volume
Neuromuscular andCognitive function as the
main determinants
Once a week
HRex HRex
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