Welcome to Psychology 102

Psychology 102:
Review & summary

Dr James NeillCentre for Applied PsychologyUniversity of Canberra2009

Image source: UnknownDescription: The aim of this lecture is to introduce and discuss social psychology and more particularly, social processes, society, and culture. The lecture is targeted at first year undergraduate psychology students.Image source: UnknownAcknowledgements: This lecture is based on previous lectures on social psychology I have given, and partly also on the instructor slides and material provided by Pearson Education for Chapter 11 from Gerrig et al. (2008) Psychology and life (Australian edition).

Reading

There is no corresponding reading from Gerrig et al. for this review and summary lecture

Image source: Cover of Gerrig et al. (2008)

Overview

Essay feedback

Final exam

Review of lectures

Evaluation and feedback

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Essay feedback

Average essay mark in Psy 101 = 60.8

Average essay mark in Psy 102 = 65.8

Range = 20 100

Abstract (10%)

Good abstracts summarised argument, theory, research, and conclusions in ~150 words.

Weaker abstracts tended to say what the essay would cover, without actually summarising the content

Do not include citations

Present on a separate page, following the title page

Argument (20%)

Answer all parts of the question/topic don't just pick a couple of convenient examples or aspects

Stay on topic all information needs to be relevant, current and appropriately detailed

Viewpoint should be clear, based on literature presented

Evidence for both sides of the argument is needed how else can you reach a logical and concise conclusion?

Argument (20%)

Introduce the topic and establish the importance

State the argument and summarise main ideas

Define/explain technical terms

Answer the question and stay on topic

Main points should follow clearly

Summarise main points

Theory (20%)

Some essays didn't present any theory

Some essays only presented one theory

Some essays critically examined several relevant theories

Research (20%)

Link the evidence you provide to your argument ask so what?

Critically evaluate

It is stronger to summarise a body of research than to simply describe a small number of studies in detail

Presentation (20%)

Use APA style

Use in-text citations

Write in your own words avoid overuse of direct quotes

Write in third person (not I, me, we, us, our, you, your etc.)

Avoid colloquial language

Subjects - use participants

References (10%)

Reference all ideas that are not your own work (Ask yourself how do I know this?)

Use peer-reviewed sources (journal articles and edited book chapters)

Every citation in essay must be in your reference list and vice versa

Other tips

Follow APA format

Review the marking criteria again before you submit your essay

Get someone to proofread

Read it aloud to yourself

Dont leave it to the last minute

Ask for help e.g., Academic Skills and Health Learning Resource Centre

Academic Skills Program Grammar and Writing Course

Aim: Participants become confident and effective writers of academic EnglishDates: Mon-Fri for 2 weeks 23 Nov 4 DecOutline: Sentence level grammar (Punctuation, complex sentences, linking ideas into logical sequences)

Generic writing skills (essays/ reports/coherent paragraphs/ punchy introductions and conclusions)

Cost: $35.00 Enrolments: At the Academic Skills Program

Final exam

When: 2pm Wed 18th Nov 2009

Where: Gymnasium

Time: 2 hours

Deferred exam applications go to Examinations Office http://www.canberra.edu.au/student-services/examinations/alternative-exams

Revising for the exam

~100 multiple choice questions~9 topics, ~11 questions on each

Exam questions will be similar to quiz questions

Review main points from each chapter, lecture and tutorial

Test yourself MyPsychLab website quizzes

Review weak areas

What to bring to the exam

Current UC student ID card

Lead pencils / sharpener

Eraser

No other materials permitted

What is in the exam?

Intercultural & indigenous psych

Consciousness

Cognitive processes

Therapies

Sensation & perception

Learning

Intelligence

Motivation

Social processes

What is psychology?

Study of the way people:Think (cognition)

Feel (emotions)

Behave (actions)

Westen, D., Burton, L., & Kowalski, R. (2006). Psychology. Australian and New Zealand Edition. Queensland: Wiley.

Also note: Allport's Classic DefinitionThe scientific study of how the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of people are influenced by the real, imagined, or implied presence of others (Allport)

Intercultural psychology

Intercultural psychology: Recognition of the impact of cultural contexts on psychological processes and explanations.

Cultural contexts have a profound effect on psychological functioning.

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Indigenous psychology

Stolen generations

Assimilation policies

Psychological relevance includes trauma, isolation, abuse, identity, culture, health, services

Incorporate this knowledge into our existing theories - broaden constructs and theories to make psychology more relevant to a wider range of people.

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Mind, consciousness and alternative states

Consciousness an awareness of ourselves and our environment

SleepCircadian rhythm

Sleep cycle

Sleep deprivation

Mind, consciousness and alternative states

Sleep disorders

Dreams

Hypnosis

DrugsPsychoactive drugs

Near-death experiences

Cognitive Psychology

Cognitive processes

What is cognition?

Concepts

Prototypes

Language

Problem solvingTrial & error, algorithm , heuristic, insight

ObstaclesConfirmation bias, fixation

Cognitive processes

Decisions and judgementsRepresentative and availability heuristics

Overconfidence and framing

Belief bias

Belief perseverance

Therapies for psychological disorders

History of therapeutic treatment for psychological disorders

How psychodynamic, behaviour, cognitive, humanistic, biomedical, and group therapies work

Sensation

Sensation = signals from the environment turned into neural signals

Absolute threshold & difference threshold

Signal detection theory

Subliminal stimulation

Sensory adaptation

Sensation

VisionLight wavelength and amplitude

Eye

Bottom-up & top-down processing

Colour vision

Sound

Touch - pain & gate-control theory

Taste

Smell

Kinethesis & the Vestibular system

Perception

Organisation of sensory information into something meaningful

Selective attention

Perceptual organisationForm perception

Depth perception

Motion perception

Perception

Perceptual interpretation

Perceptual illusions

Perceptual adaptation

Perceptual set

Concepts/schemas

Human factors psychology

ESP

5 minute break have a stretch

Learning

Classical conditioningUS UR

Pair CS with US and CS CR

Acquisition, extinction, spontaneous recovery, generalisation, discrimination

Learning

Operant conditioningShaping, positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement

Reinforcement schedules

Observational learning

Intelligence

Definition? One or many intelligences?

History of intelligence testing

Features of good tests

IQ: Cultural/social background on IQ performance

Genetic vs. environmental influences (nature vs. nurture)

Intelligence, creativity and mental illness

Motivation

What is motivation?

Motivation theories Instincts and evolutionary

Drives and incentives

Optimal arousal

Hierarchies of motives

Motivation

Eating motivation: HungerBody chemistry

Environmental factors

Eating disorders

Sexual motivation

Achievement motivation

Social processes, society & culture

Social rules, norms, roles

Conformity

Obedience

Group processesGroup polarisation

Groupthink

Pro-social behaviour and altruism

Psychology of peace and conflict resolution

(Social
(influence

Feedback

Thank-you for feedback received during semester.

Complete the online evaluation (Unit Satisfaction Survey) to submit official ratings and let us know what worked and what didnt.

Gerrig, R. J., Zimbardo, P. G., Campbell, A. J., Cumming, S. R., & Wilkes, F. J. (2008). Psychology and life (Australian edition). Sydney: Pearson Education Australia.

References