psychology of personal decision-making #1 #2 #3. frame of reference is damn important : ex:...
TRANSCRIPT
AlternativesPsychology of Personal Decision-Making
#1
#2
#3
Zero Points
Frame of reference is damn important : EX: waterfalls and the desert
Sorrow and difficulty lower the bar Simple things enable us to better appreciate life E.g. – losing a limb
Good fortune/comfort raises the reference point Comforts which used to give us pleasure are needed
to remain neutral or avoid pain Cost to pleasure and benefit in pain
Moving up is NOT as important as moving down
Creative Thinking about Alternatives
Win/win alternatives are best!
Analysis of: Values Causes Resources Alternatives checklists
Only 2 Alternatives?
Usually this means you’ve got more work to do!
Analysis of Values
Use your values (one at a time) to come up with different alternatives Get more this way Also higher quality
#1
#2
#3
Analysis of Values + Efficiency
Helps when your values are SPECIFIC Focus on values which eliminate
greatest number of alternatives EX: buying a new laptop affordability
Focus on the most important values Rank order if necessary▪ Carrying Weight – 1▪ Battery Life – 2▪ Performance – 3
Analysis of Values
Get clear about where you want to BE or GO and then work backwards
EXERCISE: Speeding up time to work backwards!
Analysis of Values
Imagine 200 years from now your very great grandchildren find an article about you in the Wikipedia. What does that article say about you? What kind of person were you? What did you do with your life?
Analysis of Alternatives
Think about attributes of alternatives
Get more alternatives!
Analysis of Causes
4 sisters bereave death of a millionaire
3 of them get $330,000 apiece in gold, the fourth gets $10,000 worth of stamps
Sister is pissed, what to do? Embarrass sisters Seek assistance of Italians Sue
Fundamental Attribution Error
Beware the FAE!
Thermostat was too low!
FAE
Focus on situations, not people’s dispositions More EX: Electroshock, Prison Guards,
Nazis, etc.
Analysis of Resources
MacGyver!!!
Analysis of Resources
Make use of what is around you to come up with novel alternatives Objects – tree stumps People – sages nearby Career choices: ▪ “types of jobs near here” ▪ “income potential”
SWOT Analysis
Alternatives Checklist
We been here before: - Importance - Uncertainty + Hope More coming in “uncertainty” (of course)
Classification & Sub Problems
Group many competing alternatives into larger buckets EX: School choices Decide on those buckets instead Eliminate lots of confusing info that way!
Sub-Problems What do you want your wedding to
accomplish? Break apart and conquer
Well Structured Alternatives
Criteria: At least 2 alternatives (preferably more) Mutually exclusive▪ ONE path, not meandering into another
possible solution at the same time Substantially differing alternatives
The day of stupid ideas starts… now!
Ask: What is “good” about this stupid idea? Avoid negative criticism▪ Simply stops thoughts
Try keeping your thought stream open
What this looks like (use for BIG
picture problems)
Stupid Idea “Stepping
Stone”
Don’t Judge
Only Positive Though
ts
Potential Solution
Evaluate Solutions
Positive and
Negative Thoughts
Forc
e Fit
Select
ion
Developing Alternatives!
Values analysis Work backward to alternatives
Attribute analysis Can you combine to create “win-win”?
Causal analysis Asking “Why” 5 times
Resource analysis What alternatives could be in the immediate
environment?
Creative Group Alternative Development!
Break into teams of 5 Choose a recorder Choose a moderator
Moderator makes sure people DON’T evaluate!
Keep it sequential – can say “pass” Keep it playful!
Doodle, make airplanes, smile
Block busting warmup
Functional fixation… is bad. Pick one! 25 usesa cardboard box a towel
a nail a sheet of paper
a spoon a fan
a roll of adding machine paper a ball point pen
the yellow pages an inner tube
a candle three feet of Scotch tape
popsicle sticks a plastic drinking glass
a toothpick a marble
old newspapers ball bearings that aren't round
worn out automobile tires non-returnable soda bottles
tons of broken rubber bands) pencils
Warmup part deux!
How to heat a house more efficiently How to light a house with a single
bulb
Attribute Analysis
80 million roundish ball bearings “What can I do with 80 million of these?”
Roundish, heavy, metal, smooth, shiny, hard, magnetizable
“What can I do with 80 million things”?▪ Conduct electricity▪ Magnetize them▪ Melt em’▪ Make tools with them
metal
Attribute Analysis cont’d
Attribute discovery checklist: Physical: color, weight, material, speed,
odor, size Psychological: appearance, symbolism,
emotion (“happy smell of detergent”) Functional: intended use, how it does
what it does People: who’s involved?
Morphological Analysis
List the attributes as before Under each attribute, list all
alternatives you can think of Choose an alternative from each
column and assemble choices into a new idea.
Rinse and repeat!
Morphological Analysis
stick on flesh colored
plastic rectangular
gauzed
magnetic red or green cloth round medicated
tie on flower pattern paper triangular cellulose
glue on transparent Tyvek octagon sawdust
paint on black metal square plastishred
velcro words (ouch) wood trapezoid plastic
clamp on stripes rubber animals cotton
EX: Develop a better band-aid
Current attributes are in bold below:
Morphological Analysis – Your Turn!
Improve your date night Improve your relationship with your
sig. other Improve your desk job
GIVE ME NOUNS!
Beach Jalepeno House Car Pool Bison Rock Scissors
GIVE ME ACTION VERBS!
Attack Smile Chase EEEeat Surrender Dance Sleeping Listen
Picks
Group 1: Car // Dance Group 2: Group 3: Group 4: Group 5:
Force Fit - Generate 10 ideas for:
Improve a marriage Roommate situation where people
are messy
Reversal
The reverse is also true!
EX: “a teacher instructing students” Reversed:▪ “students instruct teacher”▪ “teacher UN-instructing students”▪ “students instructing themselves”▪ “teacher instructing self”
REVERSAL – Your Turn!
How can I find a job? How can student afford travel? How can management improve the
store? The store is being hurt by
competition. Clerk helping customer How can student improve writing
ability? How can society solve drug problem?