psychopharmacology department of psychiatry 1 st faculty of medicine charles university, prague...
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PsychopharmacologyPsychopharmacologyDepartment of PsychiatryDepartment of Psychiatry
11stst Faculty of Medicine Faculty of MedicineCharles University, PragueCharles University, Prague
Head: Prof. MUDr. Jiří Raboch, DrSc.Head: Prof. MUDr. Jiří Raboch, DrSc.
Main Psychopharmacological Main Psychopharmacological DrugsDrugs
AntipsychoticsAntipsychotics AntidepresantsAntidepresants AnxiolyticsAnxiolytics HypnoticsHypnotics CognitivCognitiveess PsychostimulantsPsychostimulants
Overview of AntipsychoticsOverview of AntipsychoticsConventional AntipsychoticsConventional Antipsychotics
Chem. GroupChem. Group Generic NameGeneric Name Trade MarkTrade Mark Dose (mg)Dose (mg)
PhenothiazinesPhenothiazines
chlorpromazinechlorpromazine CHLORPROMAZIN, CHLORPROMAZIN, LARGACTIL, LARGACTIL, PLEGOMAZIN, PLEGOMAZIN, MEGAPHEN, MEGAPHEN, THORAZINTHORAZIN
200-800200-800
levomepromazinlevomepromazinee
TISERCIN, NOZINAN TISERCIN, NOZINAN 50-40050-400
thioridazinethioridazine THIORIDAZIN, THIORIDAZIN, MELLERILMELLERIL
100-600100-600
periciazinepericiazine NEULEPTIL NEULEPTIL 10-4010-40
ThioxanthesThioxanthes
chlorprothixenechlorprothixene CHLORPROTHIXEN, CHLORPROTHIXEN, TRUXALTRUXAL
100-600100-600
clopenthixolclopenthixol CISORDINOL, CISORDINOL, CLOPIXOLCLOPIXOL
20-10020-100
Overview of AntipsychoticsOverview of AntipsychoticsConventional AntipsychoticsConventional Antipsychotics
Chem. GroupChem. Group Generic NameGeneric Name Trade MarkTrade Mark Dose (mg)Dose (mg)
PhenothiazinesPhenothiazines
perfenazineperfenazine PERFENAZIN, TRILAFON, PERFENAZIN, TRILAFON, PERATSINPERATSIN
16-2416-24
prochlorperazineprochlorperazine PROCHLORPERAZIN, PROCHLORPERAZIN, STEMETILSTEMETIL
20-8020-80
flufenazineflufenazine MODITENMODITEN 2-162-16
trifluoperazinetrifluoperazine STELAZINSTELAZIN 10-5010-50
ThioxanthenesThioxanthenes flupenthixolflupenthixol FLUANXOLFLUANXOL 6-186-18
ButyrophenonesButyrophenoneshaloperidolhaloperidol HALOPERIDOL, HALDOL, HALOPERIDOL, HALDOL,
APO-HALOPERIDOLAPO-HALOPERIDOL2,5-102,5-10
melperonemelperone BURONILBURONIL 50-30050-300
DiphenylbutylDiphenylbutylpiperidinespiperidines
pimozidepimozide ORAPORAP 2-102-10
fluspirilenfluspirilen IMAPIMAP 2-102-10
penfluridolpenfluridol SEMAPSEMAP 2-602-60
PerathiepinesPerathiepines oxyprothepinoxyprothepin MECLOPINMECLOPIN 5-205-20
AntipsychoticsAntipsychoticsof the 2of the 2ndnd Generation Generation
Generic NameGeneric Name Trade MarkTrade Mark Dose (mg)Dose (mg)
D2, D3 selective antagonistsD2, D3 selective antagonists
sulpiridesulpiride DOGMATIL, PROSULPINDOGMATIL, PROSULPIN 50-120050-1200
amisulprideamisulpride SOLIAN, DENIBANSOLIAN, DENIBAN 50-120050-1200
SDASDA
risperidonerisperidone RISPERDAL, RISPENRISPERDAL, RISPEN, , RISPERDAL QUICKLETRISPERDAL QUICKLET
4-84-8
ziprasidoneziprasidone ZELDOXZELDOX 40-16040-160
sertindolesertindole SERDOLECTSERDOLECT 12-2012-20
MARTAMARTA
clozapineclozapine LEPONEXLEPONEX 200-600200-600
olanzapineolanzapine ZYPREXAZYPREXA i.m. inj. 10 mg i.m. inj. 10 mg 5-205-20
quetiapinequetiapine SEROQUELSEROQUEL 300-600300-600
zotepinezotepine ZOLEPTILZOLEPTIL 75-30075-300
AntipsychoticsAntipsychoticsof the 2of the 2ndnd Generation Generation
EfficacyEfficacy1.1. Positive symptoms are influenced significantly better than Positive symptoms are influenced significantly better than
placebo, and equally or more then by the classical placebo, and equally or more then by the classical antidopaminergic neuroleptics.antidopaminergic neuroleptics.
2.2. Negative symptoms are reduced significantly better than by Negative symptoms are reduced significantly better than by placebo or classical antidopaminergic neuroleptics.placebo or classical antidopaminergic neuroleptics.
3.3. Affective symptoms are influenced better than by placebo or Affective symptoms are influenced better than by placebo or classical antidopaminergic neuroleptics.classical antidopaminergic neuroleptics.
4.4. They significantly reduce or prevent the cognitive They significantly reduce or prevent the cognitive impairment. The reduction is higher in comparison to impairment. The reduction is higher in comparison to classical antidopaminergic neuroleptics.classical antidopaminergic neuroleptics.
5.5. The treatment resistant patients with schizophrenia are The treatment resistant patients with schizophrenia are improved significantly better than by placebo and at least improved significantly better than by placebo and at least equally as by clozapine.equally as by clozapine.
6.6. Maintenance treatment is more effective than maintenance Maintenance treatment is more effective than maintenance on placebo and at least as effective as maintenance on on placebo and at least as effective as maintenance on classical neuroleptics.classical neuroleptics.
Antipsychotics of the 3Antipsychotics of the 3rdrd generationgeneration
Generic Name Generic Name názevnázev Trade MarkTrade Mark Dose (mg)Dose (mg) Mechanism of EfficacyMechanism of Efficacy
aripiprazolaripiprazol ABILIFYABILIFY 15-3015-30
Dopamine-serotonin Dopamine-serotonin stabiliserstabiliser
Parcial agonist of D2 Parcial agonist of D2 and 5-HTand 5-HT1A1A receptors receptors
Antagonist of 5-HTAntagonist of 5-HT2A2A receptorsreceptors
Depot Antipsychotics Depot Antipsychotics
Generic NameGeneric Name Trade MarkTrade Mark Mean Dose Mean Dose (mg)(mg)
IntervalInterval
flufenazinflufenazin MODITEN DEPOTMODITEN DEPOT 2525
14-28 14-28 daysdays
oxyprothepinoxyprothepin MECLOPINMECLOPIN 2525
haloperidolhaloperidol HALDOL DEPOTHALDOL DEPOT 100100
flupenthixolflupenthixol FLUANXOL DEPOTFLUANXOL DEPOT 4040
zuclopenthixolzuclopenthixol CISORDINOL CISORDINOL DEPOTDEPOT
200200
fluspirilenfluspirilen IMAPIMAP 66 7 days !!7 days !!
risperidonerisperidone RISPERDAL RISPERDAL CONSTACONSTA
20-3020-30 14 days14 days
Rapid Tranquilizers Rapid Tranquilizers
pro dosi (mg)pro dosi (mg) pro die (mg)pro die (mg)
chlorpromazinchlorpromazin 100-200100-200 800-1200800-1200
levopromazin levopromazin
(TISERCIN)(TISERCIN)50-10050-100 500-600500-600
haloperidolhaloperidol 5-105-10 40-10040-100
chlorprothixenchlorprothixen 100-150100-150 500-600500-600
zuclopenthixol zuclopenthixol
(CISORDINOL (CISORDINOL ACUTARD)ACUTARD)
50-15050-150 (24-72 (24-72 hohoursurs))
tiapridetiapride
(TIAPRIDAL)(TIAPRIDAL)600-1200600-1200
Indication of AntidepressantsIndication of Antidepressants
Depressive DisturbancesDepressive Disturbances Affective DisordersAffective Disorders ObseObsessivessive-Compulsive Disorders-Compulsive Disorders Panic DisordersPanic Disorders Eating DisordersEating Disorders Psychosomatic DisordersPsychosomatic Disorders Posttraumatic Stress DisorderPosttraumatic Stress Disorder Alcohol and Drugs Withdrawal SymptomsAlcohol and Drugs Withdrawal Symptoms Pain SyndromesPain Syndromes EnuresisEnuresis NarcolepsyNarcolepsy
Neurotransmitter Reuptake Inhibition Neurotransmitter Reuptake Inhibition and Binding Affinity to Receptorsand Binding Affinity to Receptors
Receptors:
SE Serotonergic
NE Noradrenergic
M Muscarinic
H Histaminic
-N alpha noradrenergic
AntidepressantAntidepressants:s:Monoamine Reuptake InhibitorsMonoamine Reuptake Inhibitors
1st Generation of Antidepressants (TCA, TeCA)1st Generation of Antidepressants (TCA, TeCA)
Generic NameGeneric Name Trade MarkTrade Mark Doses (mg)Doses (mg) Mechanism of Mechanism of EfficacyEfficacy
amitriptyline amitriptyline AMITRIPTYLINAMITRIPTYLIN 75-20075-200Inhibition of Inhibition of Serotonin Serotonin and/or and/or Norepinephrine Norepinephrine Reuptake Reuptake Followed by Followed by Increase of Increase of their their Concentrations Concentrations in Synaptic in Synaptic CleftCleft
nortriptylinenortriptyline NORTRILENNORTRILEN 50-15050-150
imipramineimipramine MELIPRAMINMELIPRAMIN 75-25075-250
clomipramineclomipramine ANAFRANIL, ANAFRANIL, HYDIPHENHYDIPHEN
75-22575-225
dosulepindosulepin PROTHIADENPROTHIADEN 100-300100-300
dibenzepinedibenzepine NOVERILNOVERIL 240-720240-720
maprotilinemaprotiline LUDIOMIL, LUDIOMIL, MAPROTILINEMAPROTILINE
75-15075-150
11stst Generation of Antidepressants Generation of Antidepressants
Mechanism of action:Mechanism of action: Blockade of muscarine receptorsBlockade of muscarine receptors Histamine H1 receptorsHistamine H1 receptors Alpha 1 Adrenergic ReceptorsAlpha 1 Adrenergic Receptors Alpha 2 Adrenergic ReceptorsAlpha 2 Adrenergic Receptors
Many Side EffectsMany Side Effects Danger of IntoxicationDanger of Intoxication Many InteractionsMany Interactions Prolonged Effect (after 3-6 Weeks)Prolonged Effect (after 3-6 Weeks)
22ndnd Generation of Antidepressants Generation of Antidepressants
22ndnd Generation of Antidepressants Generation of Antidepressants
Generic NameGeneric Name Trade MarkTrade Mark Mean Doses Mean Doses (mg)(mg)
MechanismMechanism
viloxazineviloxazine VIVALAN VIVALAN 100-300100-300 Norepinephrine Norepinephrine Reuptake Reuptake InhibitionInhibition
33rdrd Generation of Antidepressants Generation of AntidepressantsGeneric NameGeneric Name Trade MarkTrade Mark Mean Doses Mean Doses
(mg)(mg)MechanismMechanism
SSRISSRI
fluvoxaminefluvoxamine FEVARIN FEVARIN 100-300100-300
Selective Selective Serotonin Serotonin Reuptake Reuptake InhibitionInhibition
fluoxetinefluoxetine DEPREX, DEPRENON, DEPREX, DEPRENON, PROZAC, PORTAL, PROZAC, PORTAL, FLOXET, FLUXONIL, FLOXET, FLUXONIL, MAGRILANMAGRILAN
20-6020-60
citalopramcitalopram SEROPRAM, CITALECSEROPRAM, CITALEC, , CEROTER, PRAMCEROTER, PRAM
20-6020-60
escitalopramescitalopram CIPRALEX CIPRALEX 10-2010-20
paroxetineparoxetine SEROXAT, PAROLEXSEROXAT, PAROLEX, , APO-PAROX, REMODAPO-PAROX, REMOD
20-6020-60
sertralinesertraline ZOLOFT, SERLIFT, ZOLOFT, SERLIFT, ASENTRAASENTRA, STIMULOTON, STIMULOTON
50-20050-200
33rdrd Generation of Antidepressants Generation of Antidepressants
Generic NameGeneric Name Trade MarkTrade Mark Mean Doses Mean Doses (mg)(mg)
MechanismMechanism
SARISARIAntidepressants with Doubled Serotonergic EfficacyAntidepressants with Doubled Serotonergic Efficacy
trazodonetrazodone TRITTICO AC TRITTICO AC 4-84-8Double Serotonergic Double Serotonergic EfficacyEfficacynefazodonnefazodon
eeSERZONE, SERZONE, DUTONIN DUTONIN
100-300100-300
NARINARI
reboxetinereboxetine EDRONAXEDRONAX 4-84-8 Norepinephrine Norepinephrine Reuptake InhibitionReuptake Inhibition
tianeptinetianeptine COAXILCOAXIL 7575 Increasing of Serotonin Increasing of Serotonin ReuptakeReuptake
44thth Generation of Antidepressants Generation of AntidepressantsDual acting antidepressantsDual acting antidepressants
Mixed reuptake inhibitorsMixed reuptake inhibitorsGeneric NameGeneric Name Trade MarkTrade Mark Mean Doses Mean Doses
(mg)(mg)MechanismMechanism
SNRISNRI
venlafaxinevenlafaxine EFECTINEFECTIN 75-37575-375
Serotonin and Serotonin and Norepinephrine Norepinephrine Reuptake InhibitionReuptake Inhibition
venlafaxine venlafaxine ER (extended ER (extended relesase)relesase)
EFECTIN EREFECTIN ER 75-22575-225
milnacipranemilnaciprane IXELIXEL, , DALCIPRANDALCIPRAN
50-10050-100
DNRIDNRI
bupropionebupropione WELLBUTRIN WELLBUTRIN ZYBANZYBAN
150-300150-300 Dopamine and Dopamine and Norepinephrine Norepinephrine Reuptake InhibitionReuptake Inhibition
44thth Generation of Antidepressants Generation of AntidepressantsGeneric NameGeneric Name Trade MarkTrade Mark Mean Doses Mean Doses
(mg)(mg)MechanismMechanism
Blockade of Blockade of 22-adrenoceptors-adrenoceptors
mianserinmianserin LERIVON, LERIVON, MIABENEMIABENE
60-9060-90 Increasing Synthesis Increasing Synthesis and Releasing of and Releasing of Norepinephrine, Norepinephrine, Blockade Alpha-2 Blockade Alpha-2 Adrenoceptors on Adrenoceptors on Serotonergic Neurons Serotonergic Neurons and Increasing and Increasing Production and Production and Releasing of Serotonin Releasing of Serotonin
mirtazapinemirtazapine REMERONREMERON, , ESPRITAL, ESPRITAL, REMERON REMERON sol. tab.sol. tab.
15-4515-45
Other Monoamine Reuptake InhibitorsOther Monoamine Reuptake Inhibitors
hypericum hypericum perforatumperforatum
JARSINJARSIN 900900 Weak Inhibitor of NA, 5-Weak Inhibitor of NA, 5-HT, DAHT, DA
MAO Inhibitors MAO Inhibitors
Non Selective and Irreversible: (IMAO A, IMAO B)Non Selective and Irreversible: (IMAO A, IMAO B)
phenelzinephenelzine NARDILNARDIL
isocarboxazidisocarboxazid MARPLANMARPLAN
nialamidenialamide NIAMID, NUREDALNIAMID, NUREDAL
tranylcyprominetranylcypromine PARNATEPARNATE
Selective and ReversibleSelective and Reversible
MAO AMAO A
moclobemidemoclobemide AURORIXAURORIX
brofarominebrofaromine CONSONARCONSONAR
toloxatonetoloxatoneHUMORYLHUMORYL
MAO BMAO B selegiline (L-deprenyl)selegiline (L-deprenyl) SEPATREM, JUMEXSEPATREM, JUMEX
Other Psychotropics with Other Psychotropics with Antidepressant EffectAntidepressant Effect
ThymoprophylacticsThymoprophylactics
lithiumlithium LITHIUM CARBONICUM, CONTEMNOLLITHIUM CARBONICUM, CONTEMNOL
Antiepileptics Antiepileptics of 2nd of 2nd GenerationGeneration
carbamazepinecarbamazepine BISTON, TEGRETOL, FINLEPSIN, BISTON, TEGRETOL, FINLEPSIN, TIMONILTIMONIL
salts of valproic salts of valproic acidacid
EVERIDEN, CONVULEX, ORFIRIL, EVERIDEN, CONVULEX, ORFIRIL, DEPAMIDDEPAMID
Antiepileptics Antiepileptics of 3rd of 3rd GenerationGeneration
lamotriginelamotrigine LAMICTALLAMICTAL
gabapentinegabapentine GABAPENTIN, NEURONTINGABAPENTIN, NEURONTIN
topiramatetopiramate TOPAMAXTOPAMAX
Atypical Antipsychotics - SDAAtypical Antipsychotics - SDA
clozapineclozapine LEPONEX, CLOZARIL, ALEMOXANLEPONEX, CLOZARIL, ALEMOXAN
olanzapineolanzapine ZYPREXAZYPREXA
quetiapinequetiapine SEROQUELSEROQUEL
ThymoprophylacticsThymoprophylactics
Generic NameGeneric Name Trade MarkTrade Mark Doses (mg)Doses (mg) Blood Serum Blood Serum ConcentrationConcentration
lithium lithium carbonicumcarbonicum
LITHIUM LITHIUM CARBONICUMCARBONICUM 900 – 1000900 – 1000 00..5 – 05 – 0..8 8
mmol/lmmol/l
CONTEMNOLCONTEMNOL 1000 - 15001000 - 1500 00..8 – 8 – 1.1.2 2 mmol/lmmol/l
carbamazepinecarbamazepineBISTON, BISTON, TEGRETOL, TEGRETOL, TIMONILTIMONIL
400 - 1500400 - 1500 5 – 105 – 10 ng/mlng/ml
valproic acidvalproic acid EVERIDEN, EVERIDEN, ORFIRIL,ORFIRIL, 900 - 2000900 - 2000 50 - 100 50 - 100
ng/mlng/ml
Action Profiles of BenzodiazepinesAction Profiles of Benzodiazepines
Relief of anxiety
Anticonvulsant Sedationaction Induction of sleep
Muscle relaxation
Ansseau, M., Doumont, A., Diricq, S.: Methodology required to show clinical differences between benzodiazepines. Curr Med Res Opin 8, Suppl. 4, 108-114 (1984). (Except <Dormicum> and <Dalmadorm>)
Benzodiazepine AnxiolyticsBenzodiazepine Anxiolytics
Indication:Indication: States of AnxietyStates of Anxiety SleeplessnessSleeplessness Withdrawal SymptomsWithdrawal Symptoms Depressive StatesDepressive States EpilepsyEpilepsy ConvulsionsConvulsions Tetanus NeonatorumTetanus Neonatorum Extrapyramidal Undesirable Side Effects of Extrapyramidal Undesirable Side Effects of
AntipsychoticsAntipsychotics Premedication in AnaestesiologyPremedication in Anaestesiology Panic States (Alprazolam, Bromazepam, Panic States (Alprazolam, Bromazepam,
Clonazepam in High Doses)Clonazepam in High Doses) Algidic Syndromes (Stomatodynie, Neuralgie Algidic Syndromes (Stomatodynie, Neuralgie
Trigemini, Cephalgia)Trigemini, Cephalgia)
AnxiolyticsAnxiolyticsGeneric NameGeneric Name Trade MarkTrade Mark FormForm Mean Doses (mg)Mean Doses (mg)
Propandiol DerivatesPropandiol Derivates
guaiphenesineguaiphenesine GUAJACURANGUAJACURAN drg. 200,400mgdrg. 200,400mginj. 1 ginj. 1 g
400 - 3000400 - 3000
MephenoxalonMephenoxalonee
DORSIFLEX, DORSIFLEX, DIMEXOLDIMEXOL
tbl. 200 mgtbl. 200 mg 400 - 1200400 - 1200
meprobamatemeprobamate MEPROBAMAT MEPROBAMAT LÉČIVALÉČIVA
tbl. 400 mgtbl. 400 mg 800 - 2400800 - 2400
Piperazin DerivatesPiperazin Derivates
hydroxyzinehydroxyzine ATARAXATARAX tbl. 10, 25 mgtbl. 10, 25 mginj. 100 mginj. 100 mgsir.sir.
20 – 10020 – 100300 - 400300 - 400
Azapiron DerivatesAzapiron Derivates
buspironebuspirone ANXIRONANXIRON, , BUSPIRONBUSPIRON-EGIS-EGIS
tbl. 5, 10 mgtbl. 5, 10 mg 15-3015-30
Anxiolytics Anxiolytics (Benzodiazepine Derivates)(Benzodiazepine Derivates)Generic NameGeneric Name Trade MarkTrade Mark FormForm Mean Doses Mean Doses
(mg)(mg)
diazepamdiazepam DIAZEPAM SLOVAKOFARMADIAZEPAM SLOVAKOFARMAAPO-DIAZEPAMAPO-DIAZEPAMAPAURIN, SEDUXENAPAURIN, SEDUXENDIAZEPAM DESITINDIAZEPAM DESITINDIAZEPAM DESITIN SUPP.DIAZEPAM DESITIN SUPP.
tbl.tbl.2.5; 10 mg2.5; 10 mginj. 10 mginj. 10 mg
supp. 5 mgsupp. 5 mg
10 - 6010 - 60
chlordiazepoxidechlordiazepoxide DEFOBIN, ELENIUMDEFOBIN, ELENIUMRAPEDURRAPEDUR
tbl. a drg.tbl. a drg.10 mg 10 mg
20 - 6020 - 60
oxazepamoxazepam OXAZEPAM LÉČIVA OXAZEPAM LÉČIVA tbl. 10 mgtbl. 10 mg 10 - 6010 - 60
alprazolamalprazolam NEUROLNEUROLXANAXXANAXFRONTIN, HELEXFRONTIN, HELEX
tbl. 0.25 mg ; 1 mgtbl. 0.25 mg ; 1 mgtbl. 0.25; 0.5; 1; 2 mgtbl. 0.25; 0.5; 1; 2 mg
1 - 101 - 10
bromazepambromazepam LEXAURINLEXAURIN tbl. 1; 5; 3 mgtbl. 1; 5; 3 mg 3 - 363 - 36
medazepammedazepam ANSILAN, RUDOTELANSILAN, RUDOTEL tbl. 10 mgtbl. 10 mg 20 - 4020 - 40
tofisopamtofisopam GRANDAXINGRANDAXIN tbl. 50 mgtbl. 50 mg 100 - 400100 - 400
K+ clorazepateK+ clorazepate TRANXENETRANXENE tbl. 5; 10; 50 mgtbl. 5; 10; 50 mginj. 20; 50; 100 mginj. 20; 50; 100 mg
15 – 3015 – 3050 - 30050 - 300
lorazepamlorazepam TAVORTAVOR tbl. 1; 2,5 mgtbl. 1; 2,5 mg 22
clobazamclobazam FRISIUMFRISIUM tbl. 10 mgtbl. 10 mg 20 - 6020 - 60
prazepamprazepam DEMETRINDEMETRIN tbl. 10 mgtbl. 10 mg 20 - 4020 - 40
clonazepamclonazepam RIVOTRILRIVOTRIL
ANTELEPSINANTELEPSIN
tbl. 0.5 ; 2 mgtbl. 0.5 ; 2 mggttae 10-25 mg/mlgttae 10-25 mg/mlinj. 1 mginj. 1 mgtbl. 0.25; 1 mgtbl. 0.25; 1 mg
1 - 41 - 4
AnxiolyticsAnxiolytics
32
60 60
8
32
24
6
20
63
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
diazepam alprazolam bromazepam clonazepam clobazam
Anxiolytic (eventuallyAntidepressive) EffectInhibition
HypnoticsHypnoticsGeneric NameGeneric Name Trade MarkTrade Mark FormForm Mean Doses Mean Doses
(mg)(mg)
11stst Generation Generation barbituratesbarbiturates
chloralhydratechloralhydrate CHLORALOURATCHLORALOURAT 500 – 1000500 – 1000
glutethimideglutethimide NOXYRONNOXYRON tbl. 250 mgtbl. 250 mg 250 - 500250 - 500
22ndnd Generation Generation nitrazepamnitrazepam NITRAZEPAM NITRAZEPAM SLOVAKOFARMA SLOVAKOFARMA FORTEFORTE
tbl. 5; 10 mgtbl. 5; 10 mg 5 - 205 - 20
flunitrazepamflunitrazepam ROHYPNOLROHYPNOL, , SOMNUBENESOMNUBENE
tbl. 1 a 2 mgtbl. 1 a 2 mginj. 2 mginj. 2 mg
00..5 – 25 – 21 - 21 - 2
triazolamtriazolam HALCIONHALCION tbl. 0tbl. 0..125 mg125 mg 00..125 – 0125 – 0..55
midazolammidazolam DORMICUMDORMICUM tbl. 7tbl. 7..5 a 15 mg5 a 15 mginj. 5 mginj. 5 mg
77..5 – 155 – 15
cinolazepamcinolazepam GERODORMGERODORM tbl. 40 mgtbl. 40 mg 20 – 4020 – 40
33rdrd Generation Generation zolpidemzolpidem STILNOX, STILNOX, HYPNOGENHYPNOGEN, , EANOXEANOX
tbl. 10 mgtbl. 10 mg 10 - 2010 - 20
zopiclonezopiclone IMOVANEIMOVANE tbl. 7tbl. 7..5 mg5 mg 33..75 – 775 – 7..55
zaleptonezaleptone SONATASONATA tbl. 10 mgtbl. 10 mg 5 – 105 – 10
Other Drugs Other Drugs with Hypnotic with Hypnotic EfficacyEfficacy
Antihistaminics (promethazine – PROTHAZIN)Antihistaminics (promethazine – PROTHAZIN)
Antidepressants (mirtazapine, trazodone)Antidepressants (mirtazapine, trazodone)
AntipsychoticsAntipsychotics
MelatoninsMelatonins
CognitivesCognitives
ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE INBITORS ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE INBITORS
rivastigmine rivastigmine EXELON EXELON 8 -12 mg 8 -12 mg
donepezil donepezil ARICEPT ARICEPT 5 - 10 mg 5 - 10 mg
galantamine galantamine REMINYL REMINYL 8 - 24 mg 8 - 24 mg
NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) RECEPTOR NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTSANTAGONISTS
memantinememantine EBIXA EBIXA 10 - 30 mg 10 - 30 mg
NootropicsNootropicsIndication: Organic Disturbances of Memory and Intellect, Primary Indication: Organic Disturbances of Memory and Intellect, Primary
States, Efficacy after 2-3 MonthsStates, Efficacy after 2-3 Months
pyritinolpyritinol ENERBOLENERBOLENCEPHABOLENCEPHABOL
300 - 900300 - 900
piracetampiracetam NOOTROPIL, NOOTROPIL, PYRAMEM, KALICORPYRAMEM, KALICOR
3000 - 90003000 - 9000
Nootropics and VasodilatorsNootropics and Vasodilators(Improve Rheologic Blood Quality and Cerebral Perfusion)(Improve Rheologic Blood Quality and Cerebral Perfusion)
cinarizinecinarizine STUGERONSTUGERON 50-10050-100
vinpocetinevinpocetine CAVINTONCAVINTON 15- 3015- 30
flunarizineflunarizine SIBELIUMSIBELIUM 1010
natridrofurylnatridrofuryl ENELBINENELBINDUSODRILDUSODRIL
200-300200-300
pentoxiphylinepentoxiphyline
xanthinolxanthinol
Ergot AlkaloidsErgot Alkaloidsdihydroergotoxinedihydroergotoxine SECATOXINSECATOXIN
nicergolinenicergoline
PsychostimulantsPsychostimulants
Generic NameGeneric Name Trade MarkTrade Mark Doses (mg)Doses (mg)
amphetamineamphetamine PSYCHOTON, PSYCHOTON, ADDERALADDERAL
5 – 505 – 50
dexamphetaminedexamphetamine DEXEDRONDEXEDRON 5 – 305 – 30
ephedrineephedrine EPHEDRINEPHEDRIN 12,5 – 5012,5 – 50
mezocarbmezocarb SYDNOCARBSYDNOCARB 5 – 505 – 50
methylphenidatemethylphenidate RITALIN, RITALIN, CENTEDRINCENTEDRIN
10 – 4010 – 40
modafinilmodafinil VIGIL, VIGIL, PROVIGILPROVIGIL
200 – 400200 – 400