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Psychosocial Aspects Of Dentistry

By: Najib Ahmad Roll no: 65 Class: 2nd year BDS

College: Khyber College Of Dentistry

Peshawar

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Contents

Sociology

Psychology

Social Psychology

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Sociology

The study of groups of individuals which form a society and how they interact and behave in society and the out comes their interaction.

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Psychology

The study of human behavior of how people behave and why they behave in just the way they do.

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Psychosocial

It is concerned with the psychology of individuals living in society or groups.

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Sociology: The study of groups of individuals which

form the society and how they interact and behave in the society and the outcomes of these interactions.

FACTORS: Affordability to a dental health services Accessibility to dental health care service, Acceptability of DHCS Community participation Sustainability of program

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Affordability of dental health services

In order to determine if the community can pay directly or indirectly for the health care services, there is a need to measure the socioeconomic status to which the particular community belongs.

Methods are 1) Kuppu swamy’s classification in urban areas & 2) Uday Parekh socioeconomic classification in rural

areas And another method of determining whether an

individual is above poverty line or below poverty line.

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Accessibility to dental health care service Dental health care services are not easily

available in villages therefore provision of DHC can be created only if there roads and better communication for the villagers to reach the cities this is called accessibility,

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Acceptability of dental health care service Even if the community based DHCS are

present then the sociological behavior of the people is important in accepting this service for their own use. This is called acceptability of DHCS

For example: it is wrongly believed that eating pan cleans the teeth.

This behavior can be changed by promoting good social behavior.

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Community participation

For any community based dental health program to remain successful, planning, publicity, provision of facility for the program,motivating others to use the services and finally helping to suggest methods of making the programs more practical and useful.

To achieve this local help groups and local women’s groups are trained.

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Sustainability of program

Most community based dental health programs are started through external funding of institutions and when the funding stops the program is not continuous by the people due the lack of finance, commitment, training of local trainers, and lack of continuous motivation

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In order to continue the program it is important to train the local groups which will generate funds for the program .

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Psychosocial

It is concerned with the psychology of individuals living in society or groups.

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Scope and use

Normal behavior. What society expects from you to do. And this may conflict with your present

behavior. If a behavior is good then promote it. If it harmless then leave it alone. If it is harmful then you need to change the

behavior to suit a desired health behavior.

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Psychological behavior is different when an individual is alone as compared to when he/she is in groups.

For this you have to use different methods while planning DHP.

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Factors

Age and sex Skills and habits Intelligence Emotions Beliefs and culture Past Experience

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Behaviour during illness Behaviour when healthy Independent or married Motivation Attitude

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1:Age and sex

Children and women are more interested in health and therefore are good target for CDHP.

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Skills and habits:

Skills can be modified by training through demonstrator and giving reasons for the need to learn the new skills.

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Intelligence

Intelligence is either inborn or developed through training.

The dental health care provider should also develop the skills to modify the dental health care program.

IQ= Mental Age *100

Chronological Age

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Emotion

Emotion is the strong feeling or reaction. It motivate human behavior It is characterized by both internal and

external changes.

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Beliefs and culture

Beliefs are what you trust in and these may be harmful,harmless or beneficial.

The DHP must aim to remove the harmful,promote the beneficial and leave the harmless beliefs.

Culture is the behavior which is learnt from childhood,from others in the community and from family members.

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Past Experience

Past experience may be bad therefore any attempt to change the behavior becomes difficult.

So in any DHP past experience should be considered. e.g.

Use of different tooth brushing techniques, tooth powders and pastes,

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Past experience may also be pleasant and these could be utilized to strengthen health programs.

For these purpose detailed psychological survey before planning health programs are important.

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Behaviour during illness

When a person falls ill his or her Behaviour is totally dependent on others and his or her main goal is to remove the sign of illness as early as possible.

So the dental health program must address the immediate needs of solving and removing the illness behavior and then moving the patient towards healthy behavior.

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Behaviour when healthy

Healthy person gives least importance to any dental problem as long as there are no signs and symptoms which trouble him therefore it is important to create a sense of responsibilities towards preventive dental health care in order to maintain healthy behavior

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Independent or Married

When married the individual tends to be more responsible and therefore more easily agreeable to changing towards healthy dental practice.

Therefore dental health program must aimed more at their children so that parents responds more positively toward health programs because of there greater sense of responsibility for their children’s health.

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Motivation

Inner face phenomenon Drives individuals to certain action May be positive or negative. Positive motivation is more successful than

negative. Contagious

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Attitude

The attitude of the community toward any dental health program should be modified b/c the community feels that dental health is far less important then other illness.

This feeling of the community towards dental health program needs to be modified.

For this the behavioral change method should be the part of the community dental health programs.

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Conclusion The interactions b/w social factors and health

issues is dynamic complex some unpredictable. Every society has its own customs ,beliefs traditions and practices which are important part of our environment.

It is stated generally that social sciences intern behavioral sciences have been brought to public health.

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In terms of studying psychology culture and other aspects of human Behaviour

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References http://www.ijrdh.com/files/2%20kuppuswamy.p

df http://www.researchgate.net/post/How_do_yo

u_classify_people_in_regard_to_their_socioeconomic_status

http://www.google.com.pk/search?tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=eE0jUqeJJ4qL7Aa784HgBQ&q=rab+e+zidni+ilma&oq=rabe+zi&gs_l-gws-

S S Hiremath Joseph John

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