puberty & adoloscence
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Puberty &
Adoloscence
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Puberty or AdolescenceThis is the period during which children
becomes sexually mature.
In girls it begins at an average of 10 years
In boys it begins at an average of 1 years
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!ere are some changes that happen to both boys andgirls"
underarm hair grows
pubic hair growsbody smell gets stronger.
emotional changes
growth rate increases
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!ere are some changes that happen only to boys"
voice brea#s $gets deeper%
testes and penis get bigger
testes start to produce spermcells
shoulders get widerhair grows on face and chest.
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!ere are some changes that happen only to girls"
breasts develop
ovaries start to release eggcells $periods start%
hips get wider.
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&ale 'eproductive
(ystemThe male reproductive system is
designed for the transferring spermto the female reproductive system.
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)unction of the &ale
'eproductive (ystemPenis * the male reproductive organ
It has two functions "
1. Carrying urine to the outside ofthe body.
2. Delivering sperm into the
female vagina.
.The act of placing the sperm into
the vagina is called sexual
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Parts of the &ale
'eproductive (ystem
Testes + Produces sperm
(crotum + holds the testes
,pididymis - (eminal esicle + (tores sperm
/rethra* carries both urine and sperm in thepenis
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A(
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)emale 'eproductive
(ystemThe female reproductive system
protects the fertilised ovum duringgestation as it grows.
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)unction of the
)emale 'eproductive (ystemIt acts as a passage for the monthly
ow of blood out of the female body
called menstruation.
It receives the sperm deposited by
the male penis.
It serves as a pathway for the birth
of a baby.
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Parts of the
)emale 'eproductive (ystemagina + also called the birth canal. It is a 10
cm long muscular tube which connects thewomb and the outside world.
!ymen + thin layer of s#in formed at theoutside end of the vagina which is usually
bro#en during the rst intercourse.
/terus + also called the womb. It protects andnourishes the fertili2ed ovum as it develops
into a baby.
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Parts of the
)emale 'eproductive (ystem3varies + a pair of internal organs which
contains the developing eggs and releasesone egg each month.
)allopian tube $oviducts% + a funnel shapedopening which catches the egg once it is
released from the uterus.
4ervix + A ring of muscle that closes the
lower part of the womb.
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5ho am I6I produce sperms and are stored in the
scrotum. 5ho am I6
I am responsible for storing sperm. 5hoam I6
I am responsible for carrying both urineand sperm to the penis. 5ho am i6
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5ho am I6I am responsible for carrying urine to
the outside of the human body and
for placing sperm into the vagina.5ho am I6
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5hy is the male reproductive systemimportant6
5hy is the female reproductive systemimportant6
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5ho am I6I am responsible for protecting and
nourishing the fertili2ed ovum as it
develops into a baby. 5ho am I6
I catches the egg once it is released
from the ovary . 5ho am I6
I am 10 cm in length and connects
the womb and the outside world. 5ho
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I contain developing eggs and releasesone egg each month. 5ho am I6
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The Two &onthly 'eproductive 4ycle infemale
&enstruation * The monthlydischarge of the lining of
the womb.
3vulation + The monthly releaseof an unfertili2ed.
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&enstrual 4ycle
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&enstruation&enstruation and 3vulationbegins during puberty.
&enstruation could begins as
early as 7 years old in girls butit could be delayed until age 18or 19 years.
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&enstruation
&enstruation occurs in a cycleranging from : + ;0 days< but the
average length is = days. The rstmenstrual cycle is called &enarche
&enstruation last for : + 8 days inmost females.
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&enstruationThe = day cycle goesthrough several stages "
>ay 1*8
?lood ows from the vagina
as the uterus lining brea#sdown. This is menstruation.
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&enstruation
>ay 8 + 1:
+The lining of the uterus wallthic#ens in readiness to receivean egg from the ovary.
>ay 1:3vulation occurs $ an unfertili2edegg is released from the ovaries%
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&enstruation
>ay 18 + =
After ovulation< the lining ofthe uterus gets very thic#.
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&enstruation
>ay =
If fertili2ation does not occuriaphragmA rubber cap which is placed in
the vagina< over the woman@scervix to prevent sperm form
entering the uterus.
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Intra uterine device $I/>%A small loop or coil of plastic
which is placed inside the uterusby a doctor or a nurse. This
prevents a fertilised egg fromimplanting in the uterus.
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4ontraceptive pillsThese are tablets containing the
female hormones. The hormones
prevents ovulation from ta#ing place.
3ne pills is ta#en each day for three
wee#s and stopped for one wee#
during which menstruation ows
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(terili2ation5hen a couple decides that
they do not want to haveanymore children< either the man
or the woman acn be sterilised
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(terili2ationA man may have his sperm ducts cut
and tied o this is called
vasectomy.
A woman may have her fallopian
tubes cut and tied< this is called
tubal ligation.
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