public legal safety practices emergency response · are a valuable resource to cte and academic...

California Career Technical Education Model Curriculum Standards

Pu b l i c S e r v i c e

s

Public Safety

Legal Practices

Emergency Response

Table of ContentsPublic Services

Overview ............................................................................................................................................ iii

California Standards for Career Ready Practice ........................................................................... vi

Sector Description .............................................................................................................................1

Knowledge and Performance Anchor Standards ............................................................................2

1.0 Academics ..........................................................................................................................................2

2.0 Communications ...............................................................................................................................2

3.0 Career Planning and Management ..............................................................................................2

4.0 Technology .........................................................................................................................................3

5.0 Problem Solving and Critical Thinking .......................................................................................3

6.0 Health and Safety ............................................................................................................................3

7.0 Responsibility and Flexibility ........................................................................................................4

8.0 Ethics and Legal Responsibilities .................................................................................................4

9.0 Leadership and Teamwork ..............................................................................................................5

10.0 Technical Knowledge and Skills ....................................................................................................5

11.0 Demonstration and Application ...................................................................................................5

Pathway Standards ............................................................................................................................7

A. Public Safety Pathway .......................................................................................................................7

B. Emergency Response Pathway .......................................................................................................12

C. Legal Practices Pathway ..................................................................................................................17

Academic Alignment Matrix ..........................................................................................................23

Contributors .................................................................................................................................... 46

References ....................................................................................................................................... 48

PS | California Career Technical Education Model Curriculum Standardsii

Overview

The Career Technical Education (CTE) Model Curriculum Standards publication is organized for use as a complete document or for access to individual industry sectors and pathways. The document includes Standards for Career Ready Practice—which describe the knowledge and skills that students need prior to entering a career technical education program—as part of the career technical educa-tion sequence or as integrated elements of other course work in preparation for careers and college.

Each of the 15 industry sector sections includes a description, anchor standards, pathway standards, and an academic alignment matrix. The standards can be adjusted to be part of the curriculum (grades seven through twelve), provided through adult education, or included in community col-lege programs. The document also lists the representatives who participated in each sector’s content development and the references that were consulted to revise the CTE standards.

Standards for Career Ready PracticeCalifornia’s Standards for Career Ready Practice, which follow this overview, are based on the Career Ready Practices of the Common Career Technical Core (CCTC), a state-led initiative sponsored by the National Association of State Directors of Career Technical Education Consortium (NASDCTEc):

Career Ready Practices describe the career-ready skills that educators should seek to develop in their students. These practices are not exclusive to a Career Pathway, program of study, discipline or level of education. Career Ready Practices should be taught and reinforced in all career exploration and preparation programs with increasingly higher levels of complexity and expectation as a student advances through a program of study. (NASDCTEc 2012, 2)

California’s 12 Standards for Career Ready Practice align with the state’s CTE anchor standards and reflect the expectations from business and industry, labor and community organizations, and second-ary and postsecondary education representatives from 42 participating states.

Anchor StandardsThe 11 anchor standards build on the Standards for Career Ready Practice and are common across the 15 industry sectors. Content for these standards was drawn from several documents: “Preparing Students for the 21st Century Economy” (American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education and the Partnership for 21st Century Skills 2010); How Should Colleges Prepare Students to Succeed in Today’s Global Economy? (Association of American Colleges and Universities and Peter D. Hart Research Associates, Inc. 2006); “Importance of Skills and Knowledge for College and Career Readiness,” from The MetLife Survey of the American Teacher: Preparing Students for College and Careers (MetLife, Inc. 2011); and Are They Really Ready to Work? Employers’ Perspectives on the Basic Knowledge and Applied Skills of New Entrants to the 21st Century U.S. Workforce (The Conference Board et al. 2006).

Each anchor standard is followed by performance indicators using action verbs from the Beyond Knowledge Construct, presented in a hierarchical progression of simple tasks to more complex tasks. Performance indicators provide guidance for curriculum design and standards measurement.

Public Services | PS iii

PS | California Career Technical Education Model Curriculum Standards

The industry-sector anchor standards have been customized with selected additions to better reflect the needs and special conditions of each industry sector.

Anchor Standard 1 (Academics) guides users to sector-specific core academic standards related to each industry sector, which are listed in the alignment matrix at the end of each sector section. Anchor standards 2–10 are deliberately aligned with one of the Common Core English language arts standards, using similar language demonstrating the natural connections between the two subjects. Anchor Standard 11 (Demonstration and Application) highlights classroom, laboratory, and workplace learning specific to the individual sector and pathways.

Pathway StandardsAll 15 industry sectors contain multiple pathways. In order to be identified and listed for an industry sector, each pathway had to meet the following criteria:

• unique to an industry sector

• has an occupational focus

• consistent in size and scope

• composed of similar functions

• inclusive of all aspects of the industry

• includes 8–12 pathway-specific standards

• demonstrates sequence potential

• reasonable and appropriate for high school

• leads to high-skill, high-wage, or high-demand jobs

• sustainable and viable over the next 10 years

Academic Alignment MatrixEach sector includes an academic alignment matrix that displays where a natural, obvious alignment occurs. Compiled by five teams of academic content experts in collaboration with industry-sector consultants, teachers, and other advisers, the alignment was selected if it was determined that the pathway standard would enhance, reinforce, or provide an application for a specific academic subject standard.

The alignment matrices include the subjects of Common Core English language arts and mathemat-ics standards, history/social studies standards, and Next Generation Science Core Ideas. To assist with further review and implementation, each academic alignment is notated with specific pathway standards codes.

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Public Services | PS

ImplementationThe Standards for Career Ready Practice can be integrated with a course or incorporated into several courses over multiple school years (grades seven through twelve). The practices are expectations for all students, whether they are enrolled in a CTE program or following a more generalized course sequence. It is expected that all students who exit high school will be proficient in these practices.

The anchor standards are the basis for each of the pathways within each sector. These standards are designed to assist with the development of course curricula and instructional lesson plans; they describe what is to be taught and measured. In most cases, the teacher determines the sequence and strategies to be used to meet the needs of the student population he or she is serving.

The performance indicators that follow each standard offer guidance for both course design and student assessment. They are intended to guide course work as it is developed. The pathways organize the standards with a career focus, but they are not designed to be offered as single courses. Rather, the standards from each pathway are collected and organized into a sequence of learning. To meet local demands of business and industry and particular student populations, standards can be collected from more than one sector to create a course.

Using the academic alignment matrices as a resource, academic and CTE teachers can see where enhancements and support for both sets of standards can be initiated. CTE teachers can quickly iden-tify academic standards that have a substantial relationship to their instruction. Likewise, academic teachers can specify individual academic standards and quickly identify related CTE standards, which will assist them in incorporating application and technology in their curricula and lessons.

The CTE Model Curriculum Standards are intended to serve the entire education community—from middle schools and high schools to postsecondary colleges and career training programs. A major aim of these standards is to prepare students for postsecondary education and training and to help them make a smooth transition into the workforce. In order for both the people and the economy of Cali-fornia to prosper, it is essential for all students to emerge from schools ready to pursue their career and college goals. Equipping all high school students with the knowledge and skills necessary to plan and manage their education and careers throughout their lives will help to guarantee these important outcomes. Strong CTE programs will continue to provide important educational opportunities to assist students as they pursue their dreams and strive for economic prosperity. The CTE Model Curriculum Standards are a resource for educators and the business world for ensuring high-quality CTE learning experiences and improved student outcomes in the twenty-first-century economy.

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California Standards for CareerReady Practice

Standards for Career Ready Practice describe the fundamental knowledge and skills that a career-ready student needs in order to prepare for transition to postsecondary education, career training, or the workforce. These standards are not exclusive to a career pathway, a CTE program of study, a par-ticular discipline, or level of education. Standards for Career Ready Practice are taught and reinforced in all career exploration and preparation programs with increasingly higher levels of complexity and expectation as a student advances through a program of study. Standards for Career Ready Practice are a valuable resource to CTE and academic teachers designing curricula and lessons in order to teach and reinforce the career-ready aims of the CTE Model Curriculum Standards and the Common Core State Standards.

1. Apply appropriate technical skills and academic knowledge.Career-ready individuals readily access and use the knowledge and skills acquired through experience and education. They make connections between abstract concepts with real-world applications and recognize the value of academic preparation for solving problems, communicating with others, calcu-lating measures, and other work-related practices.

2. Communicate clearly, effectively, and with reason.Career-ready individuals communicate thoughts, ideas, and action plans with clarity, using written, verbal, electronic, and/or visual methods. They are skilled at interacting with others, are active listen-ers who speak clearly and with purpose, and are comfortable with the terminology common to the workplace environment. Career-ready individuals consider the audience for their communication and prepare accordingly to ensure the desired outcome.

3. Develop an education and career plan aligned with personal goals.Career-ready individuals take personal ownership of their own educational and career goals and man-age their individual plan to attain these goals. They recognize the value of each step in the educa-tional and experiential process and understand that nearly all career paths require ongoing education and experience to adapt to practices, procedures, and expectations of an ever-changing work envi-ronment. They seek counselors, mentors, and other experts to assist in the planning and execution of education and career plans.

4. Apply technology to enhance productivity.Career-ready individuals find and maximize the productive value of existing and new technology to accomplish workplace tasks and solve workplace problems. They are flexible and adaptive in acquir-ing and using new technology. They understand the inherent risks—personal and organizational—of technology applications, and they take actions to prevent or mitigate these risks.

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5. Utilize critical thinking to make sense of problems and persevere in solving them.Career-ready individuals recognize problems in the workplace, understand the nature of the problems, and devise effective plans to solve the problems. They thoughtfully investigate the root cause of a problem prior to introducing solutions. They carefully consider options to solve the problem and, once agreed upon, follow through to ensure the problem is resolved.

6. Practice personal health and understand financial literacy.Career-ready individuals understand the relationship between personal health and workplace perfor-mance. They contribute to their personal well-being through a healthy diet, regular exercise, and men-tal health activities. Career-ready individuals also understand that financial literacy leads to a secure future that enables career success.

7. Act as a responsible citizen in the workplace and the community.Career-ready individuals understand the obligations and responsibilities of being a member of a com-munity and demonstrate this understanding every day through their interactions with others. They are aware of the impacts of their decisions on others and the environment around them and think about the short-term and long-term consequences of their actions. They are reliable and consistent in going beyond minimum expectations and in participating in activities that serve the greater good.

8. Model integrity, ethical leadership, and effective management.Career-ready individuals consistently act in ways that align with personal and community-held ideals and principles. They employ ethical behaviors and actions that positively influence others. They have a clear understanding of integrity and act on this understanding in every decision. They use a variety of means to positively impact the direction and actions of a team or organization, and they recognize the short-term and long-term effects that management’s actions and attitudes can have on produc-tivity, morale, and organizational culture.

9. Work productively in teams while integrating cultural and global competence.Career-ready individuals positively contribute to every team as both team leaders and team members. They apply an awareness of cultural differences to avoid barriers to productive and positive interac-tion. They interact effectively and sensitively with all members of the team and find ways to increase the engagement and contribution of other members.

10. Demonstrate creativity and innovation.Career-ready individuals recommend ideas that solve problems in new and different ways and con-tribute to the improvement of the organization. They consider unconventional ideas and suggestions by others as solutions to issues, tasks, or problems. They discern which ideas and suggestions may have the greatest value. They seek new methods, practices, and ideas from a variety of sources and apply those ideas to their own workplace practices.

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11. Employ valid and reliable research strategies.Career-ready individuals employ research practices to plan and carry out investigations, create solu-tions, and keep abreast of the most current findings related to workplace environments and practices. They use a reliable research process to search for new information and confirm the validity of sources when considering the use and adoption of external information or practices.

12. Understand the environmental, social, and economic impacts of decisions.Career-ready individuals understand the interrelated nature of their actions and regularly make deci-sions that positively impact other people, organizations, the workplace, and the environment. They are aware of and utilize new technologies, understandings, procedures, and materials and adhere to regulations affecting the nature of their work. They are cognizant of impacts on the social condition, environment, workplace, and profitability of the organization.

Note: As stated previously, California’s Standards for Career Ready Practice are based on the CCTC Career Ready Practices posted at https://careertech.org/ (accessed June 8, 2016).

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https://careertech.org/


Public Services

Sector DescriptionA public service is one that is provided by government to its citizens, either

directly or through the financing of another entity to provide that service. Careers

in public service are unique because they center on challenging issues that define

the public agenda and involve the provision of vital services to the public—from

local to international levels. Public service professions offer many career

opportunities, including the following career pathways: Public Safety, Emergency

Response, and Legal Practices. Students engage in an instructional program that

integrates academic and technical preparation and focuses on career awareness,

career exploration, skill preparation in the industry, and preparation for post-

secondary education and training. Knowledge and skills are learned and applied

within a sequential, standards-based pathway program that integrates classroom,

laboratory, and project- and work-based instruction. Standards in this sector are

designed to prepare students for technical training, postsecondary education, and

entry-level employment.

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Public ServicesKnowledge and Performance Anchor Standards

1.0 AcademicsAnalyze and apply appropriate academic standards required for successful industry sector pathway completion leading to postsecondary education and employment. Refer to the Public Services academic alignment matrix for identification of standards.

2.0 CommunicationsAcquire and accurately use Public Services sector terminology and protocols at the career and college readiness level for communicating effectively in oral, written, and multimedia formats. (Direct alignment with LS 9-10, 11-12.6)

2.1 Recognize the elements of communication using a sender–receiver model.

2.2 Identify barriers to accurate and appropriate communication.

2.3 Interpret verbal and nonverbal communications and respond appropriately.

2.4 Demonstrate elements of written and electronic communication such as accurate spelling, grammar, and format.

2.5 Communicate information and ideas effectively to multiple audiences using a variety of media and formats.

2.6 Advocate and practice safe, legal, and responsible use of digital media information and communications technologies.

3.0 Career Planning and ManagementIntegrate multiple sources of career information from diverse formats to make informed career decisions, solve problems, and manage personal career plans. (Direct alignment with SLS 11-12.2)

3.1 Identify personal interests, aptitudes, information, and skills necessary for informed career decision making.

3.2 Evaluate personal character traits such as trust, respect, and responsibility and understand the impact they can have on career success.

3.3 Explore how information and communication technologies are used in career planning and decision making.

3.4 Research the scope of career opportunities available and the requirements for education, training, certification, and licensure.

3.5 Integrate changing employment trends, societal needs, and economic conditions into career planning.

3.6 Recognize the role and function of professional organizations, industry associations, and organized labor in a productive society.

3.7 Recognize the importance of small business in the California and global economies.

3.8 Understand how digital media are used by potential employers and postsecondary agencies to evaluate candidates.

3.9 Develop a career plan that reflects career interests, pathways, and postsecondary options.

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4.0 TechnologyUse existing and emerging technology to investigate, research, and produce products and services, including new information, as required in the Public Services sector workplace environment. (Direct alignment with WS 11-12.6)

4.1 Use electronic reference materials to gather information and produce products and services.

4.2 Employ Web-based communications responsibly and effectively to explore complex systems and issues.

4.3 Use information and communication technologies to synthesize, summarize, compare, and contrast information from multiple sources.

4.4 Discern the quality and value of information collected using digital technologies, and recognize bias and intent of the associated sources.

4.5 Research past, present, and projected technological advances as they impact a particular pathway.

4.6 Assess the value of various information and communication technologies to interact with constituent populations as part of a search of the current literature or in relation to the information task.

5.0 Problem Solving and Critical ThinkingConduct short, as well as more sustained, research to create alternative solutions to answer a ques-tion or solve a problem unique to the Public Services sector using critical and creative thinking, logical reasoning, analysis, inquiry, and problem-solving techniques. (Direct alignment with WS 11-12.7)

5.1 Identify and ask significant questions that clarify various points of view to solve problems.

5.2 Solve predictable and unpredictable work-related problems using various types of reasoning (inductive, deductive) as appropriate.

5.3 Use systems thinking to analyze how various components interact with each other to produce outcomes in a complex work environment.

5.4 Interpret information and draw conclusions, based on the best analysis, to make informed decisions.

6.0 Health and SafetyDemonstrate health and safety procedures, regulations, and personal health practices and determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and domain-specific words and phrases as related to the Public Services sector workplace environment. (Direct alignment with RSTS 9-10, 11-12.4)

6.1 Locate, and adhere to, Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) instructions.

6.2 Interpret policies, procedures, and regulations for the workplace environment, including employer and employee responsibilities.

6.3 Use health and safety practices for storing, cleaning, and maintaining tools, equipment, and supplies.

6.4 Practice personal safety when lifting, bending, or moving equipment and supplies.

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6.5 Demonstrate how to prevent and respond to work-related accidents or injuries; this includes demonstrating an understanding of ergonomics.

6.6 Maintain a safe and healthful working environment.

6.7 Be informed of laws/acts pertaining to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).

7.0 Responsibility and FlexibilityInitiate, and participate in, a range of collaborations demonstrating behaviors that reflect personal and professional responsibility, flexibility, and respect in the Public Services sector workplace environment and community settings. (Direct alignment with SLS 9-10, 11-12.1)

7.1 Recognize how financial management impacts the economy, workforce, and community.

7.2 Explain the importance of accountability and responsibility in fulfilling personal, community, and workplace roles.

7.3 Understand the need to adapt to changing and varied roles and responsibilities.

7.4 Practice time management and efficiency to fulfill responsibilities.

7.5 Apply high-quality techniques to product or presentation design and development.

7.6 Demonstrate knowledge and practice of responsible financial management.

7.7 Demonstrate the qualities and behaviors that constitute a positive and professional work demeanor, including appropriate attire for the profession.

7.8 Explore issues of global significance and document the impact on the Public Services sector.

8.0 Ethics and Legal ResponsibilitiesPractice professional, ethical, and legal behavior, responding thoughtfully to diverse perspectives and resolving contradictions when possible, consistent with applicable laws, regulations, and organizational norms. (Direct alignment with SLS 11-12.1d)

8.1 Access, analyze, and implement quality assurance standards of practice.

8.2 Identify local, district, state, and federal regulatory agencies, entities, laws, and regulations related to the Public Services industry sector.

8.3 Demonstrate ethical and legal practices consistent with Public Services sector workplace standards.

8.4 Explain the importance of personal integrity, confidentiality, and ethical behavior in the workplace.

8.5 Analyze organizational culture and practices within the workplace environment.

8.6 Adhere to copyright and intellectual property laws and regulations, and use and appropriately cite proprietary information.

8.7 Conform to rules and regulations regarding sharing of confidential information, as determined by Public Services sector laws and practices.

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9.0 Leadership and TeamworkWork with peers to promote divergent and creative perspectives, effective leadership, group dynamics, team and individual decision making, benefits of workforce diversity, and conflict resolution as practiced in the Cal-HOSA and SkillsUSA career technical student organizations. (Direct alignment with SLS 11-12.1b)

9.1 Define leadership and identify the responsibilities, competencies, and behaviors of successful leaders.

9.2 Identify the characteristics of successful teams, including leadership, cooperation, collabora-tion, and effective decision-making skills as applied in groups, teams, and career technical student organization activities.

9.3 Understand the characteristics and benefits of teamwork, leadership, and citizenship in the school, community, and workplace setting.

9.4 Explain how professional associations and organizations and associated leadership develop-ment and competitive career development activities enhance academic preparation, promote career choices, and contribute to employment opportunities.

9.5 Understand that the modern world is an international community and requires an expanded global view.

9.6 Respect individual and cultural differences and recognize the importance of diversity in the workplace.

9.7 Participate in interactive teamwork to solve real Public Services sector issues and problems.

10.0 Technical Knowledge and SkillsApply essential technical knowledge and skills common to all pathways in the Public Services sector, following procedures when carrying out experiments or performing technical tasks. (Direct alignment with WS 11-12.6)

10.1 Interpret and explain terminology and practices specific to the Public Services sector.

10.2 Comply with the rules, regulations, and expectations of all aspects of the Public Services sector.

10.3 Construct projects and products specific to the Public Services sector requirements and expectations.

10.4 Collaborate with industry experts for specific technical knowledge and skills.

11.0 Demonstration and ApplicationDemonstrate and apply the knowledge and skills contained in the Public Services anchor standards, pathway standards, and performance indicators in classroom, laboratory and workplace settings, and through the Cal-HOSA and SkillsUSA career technical student organizations.

11.1 Utilize work-based/workplace learning experiences to demonstrate and expand upon knowledge and skills gained during classroom instruction and laboratory practices specific to the Public Services sector program of study.

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11.2 Demonstrate proficiency in a career technical pathway that leads to certification, licensure, and/or continued learning at the postsecondary level.

11.3 Demonstrate entrepreneurship skills and knowledge of self-employment options and innovative ventures.

11.4 Employ entrepreneurial practices and behaviors appropriate to Public Services sector opportunities.

11.5 Create a portfolio, or similar collection of work, that offers evidence through assessment and evaluation of skills and knowledge competency as contained in the anchor standards, pathway standards, and performance indicators.

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Public ServicesPathway Standards

A. Public Safety PathwayThe Public Safety pathway prepares students with a broad-based foundational knowledge in careers that involve public safety. The educational foundation will assist students who wish to pursue related professional training at the postsecondary level. Students will gain experience through classroom instruction, hands-on training, and community exercises. The evolving integration of state public safety organizations, their connections with federal and state intelligence and security agencies, interoperability and coordination of effort, and the shared mission to protect the public in a post-9/11 world are areas of emphasis for the pathway. The careers included in this pathway primarily address law enforcement services, homeland and cyber security services, and correctional services.

Sample occupations associated with this pathway:

Animal Control Worker

Correctional Officer/Probation Officer

Law Enforcement Officer

Loss Prevention Specialist

Military Service

A1.0 Demonstrate an awareness of the personal, physical, and psychological qualities found in successful public safety job candidates, and recall critical types of decisions and outcomes which determine employability in public safety occupations.

A.1.1 State the major types of occupations found in the Public Safety Pathway and the number of those occupations that require background-investigation security clearance and personal records free of disqualifying information.

A1.2 Identify a range of personal choices and conduct that would disqualify an individual from public safety occupations, and describe ways to avoid such behaviors.

A1.3 Recognize the extent and scope of a background investigation, what sorts of informa-tion is collected, and how it may impact the evaluation of a candidate for a position in a public safety occupation.

A1.4 Know personal and ethical behaviors that demonstrate commitment to professional ethics and legal responsibilities.

A1.5 Demonstrate strategies and requirements for individuals and organizations to employ to respond to unethical and illegal actions in a variety of workplace situations.

A1.6 Understand the necessity of maintaining strong academic records, high levels of physical fitness, and positive personal history to successfully pursue a career in a public safety.

A1.7 Understand the selection process for many public safety occupations that require certifications, reading and writing assessments, psychological evaluations, medical evaluations, and probationary periods.

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A1.8 Understand the importance of security and background checks, credit checks, and other assessments—including oral interviews and polygraph tests—that are required for some public safety occupations.

A1.9 Understand the characteristics and benefits of teamwork, leadership, and citizenship in the school, community, and workplace settings.

A1.10 Understand how loyalty, duty, honor, integrity, selfless service, and personal courage play an important role in many public safety occupations.

A1.11 Understand how to interact with others in ways that demonstrate respect for persons, property, individual lifestyle choices, and cultural differences.

A1.12 Compile a personal portfolio specific to the expectations for employment in a public safety career.

A2.0 Describe the history, shared mission, and roles of public safety agencies and professionals at the national, state, and local government levels.

A2.1 Recognize issues particular to policing and other public safety occupations, including accountability, codes of ethical conduct, jurisdiction, and civil rights of individuals.

A2.2 Describe the public safety agency role in saving lives, protecting lives and property, reducing the vulnerability of critical infrastructure, identifying key resources, and maintaining order.

A2.3 Describe public safety agency roles in preventing terrorism, enhancing security, managing border security, securing cyberspace, and preparing for and responding to emergencies and disasters.

A2.4 Identify the major public safety agencies at the international, national, state, and local levels, as well as scenarios (including response to catastrophic events with multiple casualties) that call for a referral to a higher-level agency or collaboration with other public safety agencies.

A2.5 Analyze information to make prompt, effective, and appropriate decisions.

A2.6 Use conflict-resolution and anger-management skills and procedures to resolve problems.

A2.7 Apply critical-thinking skills to manage emergency response situations.

A2.8 Survey the history of public safety agencies in the United States and their influence on the current systems.

A2.9 Analyze and evaluate ideas, proposals, and solutions to problems.

A2.10 Create a scenario that includes a potential threat from terrorism, a hostage situation, or danger at a school site, describing who should respond and actions that should be taken.

A3.0 Demonstrate an understanding of the appropriate level of nutrition, fitness, and agility required by the public safety career fields.

A3.1 Understand the need for physical fitness and proper nutrition in the public safety career areas.

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A3.2 Recognize the different physical agility assessments required for entrance into a public safety career and understand the skills and techniques necessary for success in agility testing.

A3.3 Design and implement a personal plan for achieving and maintaining an acceptable level of agility and a lifetime fitness mindset.

A4.0 Employ active listening, concise reporting, and familiarity with professional equipment to communicate effectively.

A4.1 Know the basic techniques and methods of active listening to obtain and clarify information in oral communications.

A4.2 Demonstrate effective methods of communicating with the public with a variety of techniques, such as command presence, active listening, and empathy; projecting a pro-fessional tone of voice; paraphrasing; and the proper use of nonverbal body language.

A4.3 Demonstrate the use of clear, concise, and legible entries based on experience and observation to prepare and submit required reports.

A4.4 Understand the professional use of a variety of communication methods and equipment.

A4.5 Practice public safety verbal communication techniques that can be used when interacting with difficult individuals.

A4.6 Narrate a sequence of events consistent with agency reporting formats.

A4.7 Convey information and ideas from primary and secondary sources accurately and coherently, consistent with agency report-writing formats.

A5.0 Understand the laws, ordinances, regulations, and organizational policies that guide public safety career fields.

A5.1 Describe how federal, state, and local laws and regulations affect public safety operations.

A5.2 Explain the importance of individual liberties and civil rights provided in the Constitution and how public safety workers should safeguard these rights when interacting with the public.

A5.3 Prepare a chart showing the organizational chain of command and other administra-tive systems to assign tasks and responsibilities for maximum effectiveness.

A6.0 Know the skills and equipment needed to deal with various types of situations found in public safety occupations (e.g., working with special populations, responding to emergencies, and assisting with incidents).

A6.1 Know the principles of emergency communications management and the importance of technological interoperability for information sharing among public safety agencies and for effective public address/warning systems.

A6.2 Identify the skills required to deal effectively with emergency situations.

A6.3 Become familiar with personal safety procedures to meet prescribed regulations and situations.

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A6.4 List the key elements of an action plan.

A6.5 Understand the safety and health issues related to serving persons with disabilities.

A6.6 Demonstrate the techniques for restraining individuals without violating their individual rights or jeopardizing safety.

A6.7 Practice basic emergency lifesaving techniques in order to apply those skills as needed in emergencies.

A6.8 Implement procedures for emergency response and know the requirements for handling hazardous materials—in normal and emergency situations—to avoid health and envi-ronmental risks (e.g., airborne and blood-borne pathogens, contamination).

A6.9 Explain the management of crisis negotiations to promote the safety of individuals and the public.

A6.10 Apply appropriate problem-solving strategies and critical-thinking skills to work-related issues and tasks.

A7.0 Demonstrate an understanding of the major elements and career opportunities within the United States Department of Defense (DOD), including the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Air Force, and Coast Guard.

A7.1 Describe the mission and role of the DOD and the individual armed services.

A7.2 Understand the chain of command within organizations of the DOD.

A7.3 Understand the initial entry assessments of physical, educational, and legal for military recruitment and levels of service.

A7.4 Describe the structure and composition of the DOD.

A7.5 Understand and adhere to the following personal attributes within the DOD: leadership, teamwork, fitness, honor, integrity, respect, selfless service, and personal courage.

A7.6 Describe the need for, and the responsibilities of, the following functions within the DOD: armored security, maritime security and welfare, air superiority, space operations, and cyber security.

A7.7 Understand the role and structure of federal agencies and national organizations.

A8.0 Demonstrate an understanding of the functions and career opportunities within the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS).

A8.1 Describe the mission, roles, and responsibilities of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security.

A8.2 Assess the local, state, national, and global perspectives on homeland security and the implications of protecting the public from natural and man-made threats to public safety.

A8.3 Recognize the impact of the September 11, 2001, terror attacks on the security and intelligence community structure and the resulting emphasis placed on coordination and cooperation between public safety agencies.

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A8.4 Identify the current global and national issues and policies concerning terrorism and homeland security.

A8.5 List the various techniques and methods of infrastructure and facilities protection.

A8.6 Understand the role of cyber-security professionals within the homeland defense community and the methods and techniques used to combat public and private cyber attacks.

A8.7 Survey the roles, functions, and interdependency among local, federal, and international law enforcement, intelligence, and military agencies.

A8.8 Analyze the various elements of emergency preparedness, including emergency response and recovery, within the context of homeland security.

A9.0 Demonstrate an understanding of the functions of the U.S. Foreign Service.

A9.1 Describe the primary mission of the U.S. Department of State and the role of the Foreign Service within that Department.

A9.2 Describe the primary mission and role of the Foreign Service.

A9.3 Describe the roles and responsibilities of different career tracks within the Foreign Service: Consular Officers, Economic Officers, Management Officers, Political Officers, and Public Diplomacy Officers.

A9.4 Research the history of the Foreign Service and describe how its careers have evolved and how the Foreign Service has impacted the United States and other societies.

A9.5 Describe the countries and settings in which Foreign Service Officers serve.

A9.6 Understand the potential impact of assignments to “hardship posts” and dangerous posts on life and family choices.

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B. Emergency Response PathwayThe Emergency Response pathway encompasses standards for designing student coursework in preparation for a number of careers in this field. The standards provide the foundation for further professional education and training at a postsecondary level, leading to certification and employ-ment. By mastering these standards, students gain critical knowledge and skills through classroom and job-site experiences, simulations, and other learning modalities. Careers in this pathway include those in fire services, emergency medical services, wildland services, and emergency management.


Firefighter I, Firefighter II, Wildland Firefighter

Emergency Medical Technician (EMT)

Fire Prevention Technician

Emergency Response Dispatcher

Fire Management Officer

B1.0 Analyze the characteristics of different career fields within the Emergency Response pathway to develop a perspective on the nature of the work, entry-level requirements, career options, and expectations.

B1.1 Understand the responsibilities, requirements, and advancement opportunities in emergency response careers.

B1.2 List the standards for emergency response employee qualifications, training, and certification.

B1.3 Outline a realistic program of study (education plan) based on career choice, job-entry requirements, and personal commitment.

B1.4 Describe the roles and responsibilities of emergency response agencies.

B1.5 Summarize the laws, regulations, and organizational protocols that define the guidelines governing selected emergency agencies and services.

B2.0 Understand the processes by which emergency management organizations and emergency managers exert command and control over an emergency response and recovery operation.

B2.1 Describe the mechanisms by which emergency management stakeholder agencies and resources are coordinated for mutual aid.

B2.2 Understand the importance of an organized Command and Control System to provide for interoperability, efficiency, and effectiveness.

B2.3 Understand the core set of basic concepts, principles, terminology, and technologies of emergency response management.

B2.4 Recognize multiagency coordination; unified command, training, identification and management of resources; qualification and certification; and the collection, tracking, evaluation, and dissemination of information.

12


B2.5 Describe the principles and responsibilities of the Incident Command System (ICS) and the National Incident Management System (NIMS).

B2.6 Review a simulated local hazard mitigation plan based on a potential hazard to the community, and describe the appropriate response.

B2.7 Design an emergency plan for an earthquake in a major metropolitan area that has shut off access from all directions.

B3.0 Demonstrate necessary leadership qualities, team concepts, and personal integrity for emergency response personnel.

B3.1 Identify the characteristics of successful teams, including leadership, cooperation, collaboration, and effective decision-making skills as applied in emergency services.

B3.2 Understand the characteristics and benefits of teamwork, leadership, and citizenship in community and workplace settings.

B3.3 Employ active listening, concise reporting, and familiarity with emergency response communication equipment to interact efficiently and effectively.

B3.4 Describe emergency response techniques and methods of active listening to obtain and clarify information in oral communications.

B3.5 Demonstrate a variety of appropriate and effective methods of communicating with the public, including techniques such as professional demeanor, active listening, empathy, projecting a confident tone of voice, paraphrasing, and the proper use of nonverbal body language.

B3.6 Adhere to Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) regulations and agency guidelines regarding public and media communications.

B3.7 Use appropriate terminology in clear, concise, and legible report entries when preparing and submitting required reports.

B3.8 Use and maintain a variety of communication equipment, understanding the importance of using current and up-to-date technology and communication equipment.

B3.9 Practice verbal and nonverbal emergency terminology and communication techniques to be used when interacting with emergency response personnel in a variety of emergency situations.

B3.10 Gather information and ideas from primary and secondary sources accurately and coherently.

B4.0 Execute safety procedures and protocols associated with local, state, and federal regulations in order to effectively and safely conduct duties within fire and emergency services.

B4.1 Describe the basic elements of safety and survival for emergency response personnel.

B4.2 Know and use the appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) required for emergency services duties.

B4.3 Know how to establish situational awareness, identify hazards, and assess personal, team, or environmental risks.

13


B4.4 Understand and adhere to comprehensive and systematic risk management strategies to reduce injury and fatalities for self, team, and community.

B4.5 Demonstrate strategies to identify and eliminate hazards.

B4.6 Complete certification in emergency care as appropriate—for example, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), automated external defibrillator (AED), and first aid.

B5.0 Develop the level of nutrition, fitness, strength, agility, and psychological health and well-being required for safely working in emergency response career fields.

B5.1 Understand that physical fitness and proper nutrition are needed to perform the duties of emergency response personnel.

B5.2 Recognize the different physical strength and agility assessments required for entrance into emergency response employment.

B5.3 Apply the skills and techniques necessary for success in strength and agility testing.

B5.4 Design and implement a personal plan for achieving and maintaining an acceptable level of nutrition, strength and agility, and a lifetime fitness mindset.

B5.5 Recognize and understand the importance of maintaining psychological health and well-being in emergency response occupations.

B6.0 Understand the roles of federal, state, and local agencies in catastrophic event planning, preparation, response, and recovery.

B6.1 Describe steps for each potential catastrophic event.

B6.2 Analyze the history and outcomes of catastrophic events and the appropriate emergency responses.

B6.3 Review a hazard mitigation plan to reduce death and injury for potential man-made and natural hazards.

B6.4 Prepare an emergency preparedness and response plan that includes the roles of emergency response personnel for a potential catastrophic event in the community.

B6.5 Recognize the importance and variety of recovery strategies to support individuals and communities impacted by a catastrophic event.

B7.0 Research and define what is considered to be hazardous materials incidents and threats.

B7.1 Describe commonly encountered hazardous materials.

B7.2 Describe the hazardous materials labeling system and identify definitions associated with various hazardous materials.

B7.3 Describe the type of damage and injury that can occur if hazardous materials are handled improperly.

B7.4 Explain the steps taken, including appropriate personnel and safety measures, for a hazardous-material release.

B7.5 Research and report on the most common incidents involving hazardous materials.

14


B8.0 Understand the fundamental mission of fire services occupations and the responsibility to preserve life and property, promote public safety, and reduce fire deaths.

B8.1 Understand the history, organization, and operation of fire services.

B8.2 Describe the skills and knowledge necessary for an entry-level firefighter to safely perform the tasks required of the job.

B8.3 Explain the fundamentals and scientific principles of fire behavior, combustible materials, extinguishing agents, hazardous and toxic materials, forms of energy, and fire prevention/suppression techniques for all types of fires and conditions.

B8.4 Demonstrate the operation of fire protection equipment and systems.

B8.5 Demonstrate the skills necessary to perform fire suppression and basic rescue operations using firefighting techniques and rescue equipment.

B8.6 Identify structural characteristics of building construction types as they relate to fire protection and suppression, and recognize the signs and causes of potential building collapse and other hazards.

B8.7 Apply principles of proper body mechanics, including ergonomics, equipment use, and techniques to prevent personal injury.

B8.8 Participate in public education aimed at reducing loss of life and property, through programs and activities on fire prevention and safety as well as other injury-prevention education.

B9.0 Demonstrate the immediate basic life support and interim medical care for a sick, injured, or compromised person until advanced medical care is provided or transport is initiated.

B9.1 Understand and use medical terminology and related knowledge of anatomy, physiology, diseases, diagnoses, pharmacology, therapeutics, and common abbreviations necessary for emergency medical services.

B9.2 Know the common acronyms used in fire and emergency services.

B9.3 Perform technical skill and equipment use required for emergency response occupations—for example, airway, oxygen, and ventilation procedures; suction; bleeding control; shock management; cardiac arrest management; immobilization techniques; traction; splinting; transport; defibrillation; and wound management.

B9.4 Follow instructions for immediate care procedure as transmitted by an emergency medical dispatcher during transport.

B9.5 Demonstrate administration of a limited number of drugs appropriate to the scope of practice.

B9.6 Manage an incident scene as the first responder, using emergency response skills appropriate to training and certification.

B9.7 Execute protocols in emergency management response when working with an on-scene accident.

B9.8 Demonstrate the ability to assess the nature and extent of an illness or injury to establish and prioritize medical response.

15


B9.9 Communicate with treatment-center staff to arrange reception of victims and to get instructions for further treatment.

B9.10 Demonstrate the ability to receive and provide patient-care information to other medical providers.

B9.11 Describe the function of emergency vehicles, use of medical and communication equipment, and the necessity of maintaining inventory as required for emergency services practices and procedures.

B10.0 Analyze and describe the functions and responsibilities of federal, state, and local wildland services.

B10.1 Describe wildland firefighter safety and survival preparations.

B10.2 Explain the role of fire personnel in wildland fires, structure fires, auto accidents, medical aid, swift-water rescue, civil disturbances, search and rescue operations, hazardous material spills, train wrecks, floods, and earthquakes.

B10.3 Describe fire prevention and planning procedures to save wildland structures during a forest fire.

B10.4 Assess the value of the resource management program, including the impact on timber, watershed, wildlife, and recreation.

B10.5 Create a state map showing the locations of wildland lookouts, and describe the lookouts’ purpose and staffing.

B10.6 Evaluate the importance of the fire suppression aviation program.

B10.7 Recognize factors that influence the start and spread of wildland fires.

B10.8 Describe and evaluate the importance of the various types of equipment used to control and/or extinguish wildland fires.

B10.9 Build a plan describing processes and procedures to follow prior to, during, and after a wildfire event.

16



C. Legal Practices PathwayThe Legal Practices pathway prepares students with a broad-based foundation of knowledge pertaining to the various types of law and of legal practice and provides a foundation of basic skills necessary at all levels in the legal professions.


Paralegal

Court Reporter

Law Librarian

Legal Researcher

Lawyer

C1.0 Demonstrate an understanding of the state and federal justice system, the Rule of Law, and the environment/practice settings for legal professionals.

C1.1 Describe the different levels of federal courts and their jurisdictions.

C1.2 Identify the primary legal practice settings (e.g., private firms, government and public-sector entities, corporate counsel, and public interest practice), and explain the nature and scope of each practice area.

C1.3 Identify, by practice area, the types of clients served and related legal needs and issues.

C1.4 Become familiar with educational and experiential requirements needed to establish and maintain successful careers in each practice area.

C1.5 Explain the court system of the State of California, including the different types of state courts and their jurisdictions.

C1.6 Become familiar with the concept of equal access to justice.

C1.7 Present and defend the case for diversity in the legal professions.

C1.8 Contrast the fundamental features of civil, criminal, and administrative law.

C2.0 Demonstrate an understanding and ability to utilize legal research and writing.

C2.1 List the basic steps in legal research, including the legal publications most commonly used in the practice of law.

C2.2 Explain the importance and purpose of legal research.

C2.3 Explain the difference between legal publications, treatises, and other legal writings.

C2.4 Demonstrate a working knowledge of the legal research system by writing a short memorandum on a given question of law and explaining the steps taken to find sources and reach conclusions.

C2.5 Demonstrate the ability to use a uniform system of citing cases for updating and cross-referencing cases.

17


C2.6 Demonstrate the ability to locate and update legal authority using computer-assisted legal research tools.

C2.7 Demonstrate how to analogize or distinguish the facts and law of one case from the facts of a given legal problem.

C2.8 Demonstrate how to “brief” a case.

C2.9 Discuss the term “authority” as it is used in legal writing, and explain the hierarchy of authority and the difference between mandatory and persuasive authority.

C2.10 Discuss the purpose of a legal memorandum, brief or points, and authorities to a particular audience (how the memorandum may vary in emphasis and style, depending on the audience).

C2.11 Discuss case law, how it is made, its component parts, and how to use cases to resolve a legal problem.

C2.12 Contrast case law with statutory law and explain how to interpret statutes using intrinsic and extrinsic sources.

C2.13 Create a hypothetical case and identify the applicable statutory, regulatory, and case law.

C2.14 Prepare a legal brief to represent the defendant in the hypothetical case.

C3.0 Demonstrate an understanding of tort law and concepts and their application to factual situations.

C3.1 Define the tort concept of civil wrong and apply the concept to factual situations with persons, property, and defenses of an intentional tort.

C3.2 Describe the tort of negligence and the elements of negligence (e.g., “reasonable person,” res ipsa loquitur, proximate cause).

C3.3 Describe defenses to negligence actions, including strict and product liability.

C4.0 Demonstrate knowledge of constitutional law, criminal law, immigration law, and related concepts, as well as their application to factual situations.

C4.1 Discuss the United States Constitution, including its philosophical underpinnings and structure.

C4.2 Analyze the Fourteenth Amendment, particularly (1) the Due Process Clause and Substantive Due Process, as contrasted with Procedural Due Process; and (2) the Equal Protection Clause.

C4.3 Discuss and define terms and concepts of criminal law, including the theory of criminal law (Malum in se and Malum prohibitum) and the evolving nature of criminal law (e.g., the legal definition of a viable human being).

C4.4 Describe types and elements of crimes against persons and property, overlapping crimes against people and their property, and inchoate crimes.

C4.5 Discuss each stage in a criminal proceeding, from investigation to disposition (e.g., arrest, prosecution of crimes, and defenses of criminal prosecution) and post-conviction procedure.

18


C4.6 Research court data regarding annual statewide numbers of criminal proceedings and demographics of defendants; discuss disproportionate minority contact.

C4.7 Discuss the concept of implicit bias and the impact it has on the criminal and civil justice systems.

C4.8 Define a variety of legal terms and concepts related to immigration law.

C4.9 Describe the various types of immigration visas.

C4.10 Explain the process and basis for political asylum.

C4.11 Prepare a chart displaying the process for applying for citizenship, including a display of the average number of immigrants who apply each year and the percentage of successful applicants.

C5.0 Demonstrate a familiarity with fundamental principles of contract law (including the uniform commercial code) and fundamentals of consumer protection law.

C5.1 Recognize the differences between void and voidable contracts.

C5.2 Recognize various types of contracts, such as adhesion, bilateral, unilateral, implied, and express.

C5.3 Identify emerging business practices that may result in consumer fraud or deception.

C5.4 Identify ways by which the Internet and social media can be used to inform consumers and address deceptive business practices.

C5.5 Describe the elements of a contract, including contract terminology.

C5.6 Explain the Statute of Frauds.

C5.7 Explain the Parole Evidence Rule.

C5.8 Interpret contract rules and expectations, including specific performance, breach of contract, remedies for breach of contract, third-party beneficiary, and requirements for modifications.

C5.9 Analyze deceptive business practices, including false advertising, “bait and switch” sales practices, and truth-in-lending disclosure requirements.

C5.10 Prepare a sample of a false advertisement.

C6.0 Demonstrate knowledge of property law and its application to property transactions, estate planning and probate administration, and housing law, including landlord/tenant and fair housing laws.

C6.1 Distinguish personal property from real property.

C6.2 Define a variety of terms associated with real estate transactions.

C6.3 Discuss real property concepts, including but not limited to the types of estates that can be conveyed under California law.

C6.4 Contrast the basic responsibilities of the lawyer and the real estate broker in the con-veyance of real property, from the sales or option contract to the recording of the deed.

C6.5 Describe the basic requirements of a contract for sale of real property.

19


C6.6 Discuss the purpose of title insurance, a title search, and how the “search” is made.

C6.7 Explain how “recording” is accomplished and the importance of recording a deed, mortgage, or other real estate documents.

C6.8 Explain the most common forms of limitations on real property use, such as covenants, easements, zoning laws, and land-use regulations.

C6.9 Explain at least two types of encumbrances that can be placed against real property.

C6.10 Describe the steps and procedures in a typical real estate closing.

C6.11 Compare a variety of real property documents, such as a lease, a promissory note, an option contract, and an agreement for deed or a mortgage, and be able to prepare at least one.

C6.12 Define a variety of terms and concepts associated with wills, trusts, and probate administration.

C6.13 Define a simple Inter Vivos, and a Testamentary trust.

C6.14 Compare and contrast a trust and a will, including advantages and disadvantages for each.

C6.15 Explain the general procedures of the probate process.

C6.16 Explain the purposes of wills and codicils.

C6.17 Create a personal will, following legal guidelines.

C6.18 Identify the types of discrimination that renters and home buyers might face.

C6.19 Understand the basic rights and responsibilities of both landlords and tenants.

C6.20 Explain the basic procedures, claims, and responses in an unlawful detainer case.

C7.0 Understand the fundamental principles of the law of business organizations.

C7.1 Define a variety of terms associated with business organizations.

C7.2 Describe the procedures necessary to form, modify, and dissolve various types of business organizations.

C7.3 Compare the major advantages and disadvantages of the various types of business organizations.

C7.4 Discuss the rights, duties, and liabilities of the owners, officers, directors, and employees of various types of business organizations.

C7.5 Discuss the nature of the agency relationship, including the duties and liabilities of the principal, the agent, and third parties.

C8.0 Recognize the importance of laws and procedures related to intellectual property.

C8.1 Explore emerging issues of law related to personal access to, and use of, technology.

C8.2 Describe the economic barriers to equal public access to technology and legal strategies for overcoming them.

20


C8.3 Demonstrate an appreciation for balancing the First Amendment right to free speech vs. the interest of parents, schools, and the government regulating social media because of concerns about privacy, online bullying, defamation/slander, and harassment.

C8.4 Discuss how social media can be used by governments or individuals to suppress or enhance freedom of expressions.

C8.5 Understand the definition of “intellectual property”: the legal concept that certain types of creations—musical, literary, and artistic works; discoveries and inventions; and words, phrases, symbols, and designs—are types of property “owned” by their creators and cannot be copied or used without the permission of the creators.

C8.6 Explain the ways in which creative rights can be compromised, such as plagiarism and “sampling.”

C8.7 Identify emerging issues of law related to infringement of intellectual property and discuss how personal access to, and use of, technology makes intellectual property infringement easier.

C9.0 Demonstrate a general understanding of all phases of trial practice and procedure, as well as knowledge of and ability to perform litigation techniques and procedures.

C9.1 Define a variety of terms associated with litigation and trial practice.

C9.2 Describe the typical steps in jury and nonjury civil trials, from pretrial through the appeal.

C9.3 Explain the sequence and basic contents of pleadings.

C9.4 List and briefly explain six causes of action in civil cases.

C9.5 Explain the basic concept of the Statute of Limitations.

C9.6 Discuss the basic rules of procedure and evidence code.

C9.7 Describe how evidence and exhibits are organized for trial.

C9.8 Describe the purpose and contents of a trial notebook.

C9.9 Describe the techniques for asking questions and list the basic points for good listening.

C9.10 Describe the purpose of background investigations and analysis.

C9.11 List the sources of information for conducting background investigations.

C9.12 Describe how the results of background investigation and analysis can be presented to the attorney.

C9.13 Discuss the evaluation and use of evidence.

C9.14 Describe the role of a jury in a criminal case versus a civil case in state court proceedings.

C9.15 Understand the importance of the jury in relation to fairness and due process.

C9.16 Understand the purpose and process of jury voir dire and how it determines the makeup of the jury panel.

21


C9.17 Describe the judge’s role, the role of the prosecutor, and that of the defense attorney.

C9.18 Create a hypothetical case and describe why you would or would not like to participate as a juror on that case.

C10.0 Demonstrate an understanding of the ethical and professional standards of the legal professions and knowledge of management techniques and procedures.

C10.1 Define a variety of legal terms and concepts related to professionalism and the unauthorized practice of law.

C10.2 Explain how judges, lawyers, and paralegal personnel function in our legal system.

C10.3 Understand the roles and responsibilities that lawyers (including judges) have in our society.

C10.4 Describe alternative methods for resolving ethical dilemmas within the legal environment.

C10.5 Define a variety of terms and concepts related to law-office management and structure.

C10.6 List and discuss techniques for improving the confidence that clients will have in the personnel of the law office.

C10.7 Describe how client files are opened, maintained, and closed.

C10.8 List the advantages of data management and microcomputer skills in a law office.

C10.9 List, discuss, and apply the rules of ethics in the legal profession, with special empha-sis on client confidentiality.

C10.10 Discuss what constitutes legal malpractice, and illustrate the discussion with examples of malpractice.

C10.11 Discuss the various aspects of fee setting in the law office, including fixed fees, minimum fees, contingent fees, retainers, payment schedules, and billing practice.

22


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cific

wor

d B2

.0, B

3.0,

B4.

0C2

.0, C

5.0,

C6.

0ch

oice

s on

mea

ning

and

ton

e, in

clud

ing

wor

ds w

ith m

ultip

le m

eani

ngs

or la

ngua

ge t

hat

is p

artic

ular

ly f

resh

, eng

agin

g, o

r bea

utifu

l.

23


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

PATH

WAY

SP

UB

LIC

SE

RV

ICE

SA

. B.

C.

Pu

blic

Saf

ety

Emer

genc

y Re

spon

seLe

gal P

ract

ices

Read

ing

Stan

dard

s fo

r In

form

atio

nal T

ext

– RS

IT –

(St

anda

rd A

rea,

Gra

de

Leve

l, St

anda

rd #

)11

-12.

1. C

ite s

tron

g an

d th

orou

gh t

extu

al e

vide

nce

to s

uppo

rt a

naly

sis

of w

hat

the

text

A1

.0, A

2.0,

A3.

0,

C1.0

, C2.

0, C

3.0,

C4.

0, C

5.0,

sa

ys e

xplic

itly

as w

ell a

s in

fere

nces

dra

wn

from

the

tex

t, in

clud

ing

dete

rmin

ing

whe

re

A4.0

, A5.

0, A

6.0,

B1

.0, B

2.0,

B3.

0C6

.0, C

7.0,

C8.

0, C

9.0,

C10

.0th

e te

xt le

aves

mat

ters

unc

erta

in.

A7.0

11-1

2.2.

Det

erm

ine

two

or m

ore

cent

ral i

deas

of a

tex

t an

d an

alyz

e th

eir d

evel

opm

ent

A1.0

, A2.

0, A

3.0,

B1

.0, B

2.0,

B3.

0, B

8.0,

ov

er t

he c

ours

e of

the

tex

t, in

clud

ing

how

the

y in

tera

ct a

nd b

uild

on

one

anot

her t

o A4

.0, A

5.0,

A6.

0,

C2.0

, C3.

0, C

4.0,

C5.

0, C

6.0

B10.

0pr

ovid

e a

com

plex

ana

lysi

s; p

rovi

de a

n ob

ject

ive

sum

mar

y of

the

tex

t.A7

.0

11-1

2.3.

Ana

lyze

a c

ompl

ex s

et o

f ide

as o

r seq

uenc

e of

eve

nts

and

expl

ain

how

spe

cific

A1

.0, A

2.0,

A3.

0,

B1.0

, B2.

0, B

3.0,

B4.

0,

C1.0

, C2.

0, C

3.0,

C4.

0, C

5.0,

in

divi

dual

s, id

eas,

or e

vent

s in

tera

ct a

nd d

evel

op o

ver t

he c

ours

e of

the

tex

t.A4

.0, A

5.0,

A6.

0,

B10.

0C6

.0A7

.0

11-1

2.4.

Det

erm

ine

the

mea

ning

of w

ords

and

phr

ases

as

they

are

use

d in

a t

ext,

incl

ud-

ing

figur

ativ

e, c

onno

tativ

e, a

nd t

echn

ical

mea

ning

s; a

naly

ze h

ow a

n au

thor

use

s an

d A1

.0, A

2.0,

A3.

0,

C1.0

, C2.

0, C

3.0,

C4.

0, C

5.0,

re

fines

the

mea

ning

of a

key

ter

m o

r ter

ms

over

the

cou

rse

of a

tex

t (e

.g.,

how

Mad

ison

A4

.0, A

5.0,

A6.

0,

B1.0

, B2.

0, B

3.0

C6.0

, C7.

0, C

8.0,

C9.

0, C

10.0

defin

es fa

ctio

n in

Fed

eral

ist N

o. 1

0). (

See

grad

e 11

/12

Lang

uage

sta

ndar

ds 4

-6 o

n pa

ge

A7.0

46 f

or a

dditi

onal

exp

ecta

tions

.)

11-1

2.5.

Ana

lyze

and

eva

luat

e th

e ef

fect

iven

ess

of t

he s

truc

ture

an

auth

or u

ses

in h

is

A1.0

, A2.

0, A

3.0,

C1

.0, C

2.0,

C3.

0, C

4.0,

C5.

0,

or h

er e

xpos

ition

or a

rgum

ent,

incl

udin

g w

heth

er t

he s

truc

ture

mak

es p

oint

s cl

ear,

A4.0

, A5.

0, A

6.0,

B1

.0, B

2.0,

B3.

0, B

10.0

C6.0

, C7.

0, C

8.0

conv

inci

ng, a

nd e

ngag

ing.

A7.0

11-1

2.6.

Det

erm

ine

an a

utho

r’s p

oint

of v

iew

or p

urpo

se in

a t

ext

in w

hich

the

rhe

to-

A1.0

, A2.

0, A

3.0,

ric

is p

artic

ular

ly e

ffec

tive,

ana

lyzi

ng h

ow s

tyle

and

con

tent

con

trib

ute

to t

he p

ower

, A4

.0, A

5.0,

A6.

0,

B1.0

C2.0

pers

uasi

vene

ss, o

r bea

uty

of t

he t

ext.

A7.0

11-1

2.7.

Inte

grat

e an

d ev

alua

te m

ultip

le s

ourc

es o

f inf

orm

atio

n pr

esen

ted

in d

iffe

rent

A1

.0, A

2.0,

A3.

0,

B1.0

, B2.

0, B

3.0,

B8.

0,

C1.0

, C2.

0, C

3.0,

C4.

0, C

5.0,

m

edia

or f

orm

ats

(e.g

., vi

sual

ly, q

uant

itativ

ely)

as

wel

l as

in w

ords

in o

rder

to

addr

ess

a A4

.0, A

5.0,

A6.

0,

B9.0

, B10

.0C6

.0, C

7.0,

C8.

0, C

10.0

ques

tion

or s

olve

a p

robl

em.

A7.0

11-1

2.8.

Del

inea

te a

nd e

valu

ate

the

reas

onin

g in

sem

inal

U.S

. tex

ts, i

nclu

ding

the

A1

.0, A

2.0,

A3.

0,

appl

icat

ion

of c

onst

itutio

nal p

rinci

ples

and

use

of l

egal

rea

soni

ng (e

.g.,

in U

.S. S

upre

me

C1.0

, C2.

0, C

3.0,

C4.

0, C

5.0,

A4

.0, A

5.0,

A6.

0,

Cour

t m

ajor

ity

opin

ions

and

dis

sent

s) a

nd t

he p

rem

ises

, pur

pose

s, a

nd a

rgum

ents

in

C6.0

, C7.

0, C

8.0,

C10

.0A7

.0w

orks

of p

ublic

adv

ocac

y (e

.g.,

The

Fede

ralis

t, pr

esid

entia

l add

ress

es).

11-1

2.9

Anal

yze

seve

ntee

nth-

, eig

htee

nth-

, and

nin

etee

nth-

cent

ury

foun

datio

nal U

.S.

A1.0

, A2.

0, A

3.0,

do

cum

ents

of h

isto

rical

and

lite

rary

sig

nific

ance

(inc

ludi

ng t

he D

ecla

ratio

n of

Inde

-A4

.0, A

5.0,

A6.

0,

C1.0

, C2.

0, C

3.0,

C4.

0, C

10.0

pend

ence

, the

pre

ambl

e to

the

Con

stitu

tion,

the

Bill

of R

ight

s, a

nd L

inco

ln’s

Seco

nd

A7.0

Inau

gura

l Add

ress

) for

the

ir th

emes

, pur

pose

, and

rhe

toric

al f

eatu

res.

24


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

PATH

WAY

SP

UB

LIC

SE

RV

ICE

SA

. B.

C.

Pu

blic

Saf

ety

Emer

genc

y Re

spon

seLe

gal P

ract

ices

Read

ing

Stan

dard

s fo

r In

form

atio

nal T

ext

– RS

IT –

(St

anda

rd A

rea,

Gra

de

Leve

l, St

anda

rd #

) (c

ontin

ued)

11-1

2.10

By

the

end

of g

rade

11,

rea

d an

d co

mpr

ehen

d lit

erar

y no

nfict

ion

in t

he g

rade

s A1

.0, A

2.0,

A3.

0,

11-C

CR t

ext

com

plex

ity

band

pro

ficie

ntly

, with

sca

ffol

ding

as

need

ed a

t th

e hi

gh e

nd o

f A4

.0, A

5.0,

A6.

0,

C1.0

, C2.

0, C

3.0,

C4.

0th

e ra

nge.

By

the

end

of g

rade

12,

rea

d an

d co

mpr

ehen

d lit

erar

y no

nfict

ion

at t

he h

igh

A7.0

end

of t

he g

rade

s 11

-CCR

tex

t co

mpl

exit

y ba

nd in

depe

nden

tly a

nd p

rofic

ient

ly.

Read

ing

Stan

dard

s fo

r Li

tera

cy in

His

tory

/Soc

ial S

tudi

es –

RH

SS –

(S

tand

ard

Are

a, G

rade

Lev

el, S

tand

ard

#)11

-12.

1. C

ite s

peci

fic t

extu

al e

vide

nce

to s

uppo

rt a

naly

sis

of p

rimar

y an

d se

cond

ary

A1.0

, A2.

0, A

3.0,

C1

.0, C

2.0,

C3.

0, C

4.0,

C5.

0,

sour

ces,

con

nect

ing

insi

ghts

gai

ned

from

spe

cific

det

ails

to

an u

nder

stan

ding

of t

he

A4.0

, A5.

0, A

6.0,

B1

.0, B

2.0,

B3.

0C6

.0, C

7.0,

C8.

0, C

9.0,

C10

.0te

xt a

s a

who

le.

A7.0

11-1

2.2

Dete

rmin

e th

e ce

ntra

l ide

as o

r inf

orm

atio

n of

a p

rimar

y or

sec

onda

ry s

ourc

e;

B1.0

, B2.

0, B

3.0,

B8.

0,

C1.0

, C2.

0, C

3.0,

C4.

0, C

5.0,

pr

ovid

e an

acc

urat

e su

mm

ary

that

mak

es c

lear

the

rel

atio

nshi

ps a

mon

g th

e ke

y de

tails

A3

.0B9

.0C6

.0, C

7.0,

C8.

0, C

9.0,

C10

.0an

d id

eas.

11-1

2.3.

Eva

luat

e va

rious

exp

lana

tions

for

act

ions

or e

vent

s an

d de

term

ine

whi

ch e

xpla

-A1

.0, A

2.0,

A3.

0,

C1.0

, C2.

0, C

3.0,

C4.

0, C

5.0,

na

tion

best

acc

ords

with

tex

tual

evi

denc

e, a

ckno

wle

dgin

g w

here

the

tex

t le

aves

mat

tes

A4.0

, A5.

0, A

6.0,

B2

.0, B

3.0

C6.0

, C7.

0, C

8.0,

C9.

0, C

10.0

unce

rtai

n.A7

.0

11-1

2.5.

Ana

lyze

in d

etai

l how

a c

ompl

ex p

rimar

y so

urce

is s

truc

ture

d, in

clud

ing

how

C1

.0, C

2.0,

C3.

0, C

4.0,

C5.

0,

key

sent

ence

s, p

arag

raph

s, a

nd la

rger

por

tions

of t

he t

ext

cont

ribut

e to

the

who

le.

C6.0

, C7.

0, C

8.0,

C9.

0, C

10.0

11-1

2.6.

Eva

luat

e au

thor

s’ di

ffer

ing

poin

ts o

f vie

w o

n th

e sa

me

hist

oric

al e

vent

or i

ssue

C1

.0, C

2.0,

C3.

0, C

4.0,

C5.

0,

by a

sses

sing

the

aut

hors

’ cla

ims,

rea

soni

ng, a

nd e

vide

nce.

C6.0

, C7.

0, C

8.0,

C9.

0, C

10.0

11-1

2.7.

Inte

grat

e an

d ev

alua

te m

ultip

le s

ourc

es o

f inf

orm

atio

n pr

esen

ted

in d

iver

se

A1.0

, A2.

0, A

3.0,

B1

.0, B

2.0,

B3.

0, B

8.0,

C1

.0, C

2.0,

C3.

0, C

4.0,

C5.

0,

form

ats

and

med

ia (e

.g.,

visu

ally

, qua

ntita

tivel

y, a

s w

ell a

s in

wor

ds) i

n or

der t

o ad

dres

s A4

.0, A

5.0,

A6.

0,

B9.0

, B10

.0C6

.0, C

7.0,

C8.

0, C

9.0,

C10

.0a

ques

tion

or s

olve

a p

robl

em.

A7.0

11-1

2.8.

Eva

luat

e an

aut

hor’s

pre

mis

es, c

laim

s, a

nd e

vide

nce

by c

orro

bora

ting

or c

hal-

leng

ing

them

with

oth

er in

form

atio

n.

11-1

2.9

Inte

grat

e in

form

atio

n fr

om d

iver

se s

ourc

es, b

oth

prim

ary

and

seco

ndar

y, in

to a

A

2.0,

A3.

0, A

4.0,

B1

.0, B

2.0,

B3.

0, B

8.0,

C1

.0, C

2.0,

C3.

0, C

4.0,

C5.

0,

cohe

rent

und

erst

andi

ng o

f an

idea

or e

vent

, not

ing

disc

repa

ncie

s am

ong

sour

ces.

A5.0

, A6.

0, A

7.0

B9.0

, B10

.0C6

.0, C

7.0,

C8.

0, C

9.0,

C10

.0

11-1

2.10

. By

the

end

of g

rade

12,

rea

d an

d co

mpr

ehen

d hi

stor

y/so

cial

stu

dies

tex

ts in

A1

.0, A

2.0,

A3.

0,

C1.0

, C2.

0, C

3.0,

C4.

0, C

5.0,

th

e gr

ades

11-

12 t

ext

com

plex

ity

band

inde

pend

ently

and

pro

ficie

ntly

.A4

.0, A

5.0,

A6.

0,

C6.0

, C7.

0, C

8.0,

C9.

0, C

10.0

A7.0

25


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

PATH

WAY

SP

UB

LIC

SE

RV

ICE

SA

. B.

C.

Pu

blic

Saf

ety

Emer

genc

y Re

spon

seLe

gal P

ract

ices

Read

ing

Stan

dard

s fo

r Li

tera

cy in

Sci

ence

and

Tec

hnic

al S

ubje

cts

– RL

ST –

(S

tand

ard

Are

a, G

rade

Lev

el, S

tand

ard

#)11

-12.

2. D

eter

min

e th

e ce

ntra

l ide

as o

r con

clus

ions

of a

tex

t; s

umm

ariz

e co

mpl

ex c

on-

A1.0

, A2.

0, A

3.0,

B2

.0, B

3.0,

B8.

0, B

9.0,

ce

pts,

pro

cess

es, o

r inf

orm

atio

n pr

esen

ted

in a

tex

t by

par

aphr

asin

g th

em in

sim

pler

but

A4

.0, A

5.0,

A6.

0,

B10.

0st

ill a

ccur

ate

term

s.A7

.0

11-1

2.3.

Fol

low

pre

cise

ly a

com

plex

mul

tiste

p pr

oced

ure

whe

n ca

rryi

ng o

ut e

xper

imen

ts,

A2.

0, A

3.0,

A5.

0,

taki

ng m

easu

rem

ents

, or p

erfo

rmin

g te

chni

cal t

asks

; ana

lyze

the

spe

cfii

c re

sult

s ba

sed

A6.0

, A7.

0on

exp

lana

tions

in t

he t

ext.

11-1

2.4.

Det

erm

ine

the

mea

ning

of s

ymbo

ls, k

ey t

erm

s, a

nd o

ther

dom

ain-

spec

ific

wor

ds

and

phra

ses

as t

hey

are

used

in a

spe

cific

sci

entifi

c or

tec

hnic

al c

onte

xt r

elev

ant

to

A5.0

, A6.

0, A

7.0

B2.0

, B3.

0gr

ades

11-

12 t

exts

and

top

ics.

A1.0

, A2.

0, A

3.0,

11

-12.

5. A

naly

ze h

ow t

he t

ext

stru

ctur

es in

form

atio

n or

idea

s in

to c

ateg

orie

s or

hie

rar-

A4.0

, A5.

0, A

6.0,

B2

.0, B

3.0,

B10

.0ch

ies,

dem

onst

ratin

g un

ders

tand

ing

of t

he in

form

atio

n or

idea

s.A7

.0

11-1

2.7.

Inte

grat

e an

d ev

alua

te m

ultip

le s

ourc

es o

f inf

orm

atio

n pr

esen

ted

in d

iver

se

A1.0

, A2.

0, A

3.0,

fo

rmat

s an

d m

edia

(e.g

., qu

antit

ativ

e da

ta, v

ideo

, mul

timed

ia) i

n or

der t

o ad

dres

s a

A4.0

, A5.

0, A

6.0,

B1

.0, B

2.0,

B3.

0, B

10.0

ques

tion

or s

olve

a p

robl

em.

A7.0

11-1

2.8.

Eva

luat

e th

e hy

poth

eses

, dat

a, a

naly

sis,

and

con

clus

ions

in a

sci

ence

or t

echn

i-A

2.0,

A3.

0, A

6.0,

ca

l tex

t, ve

rifyi

ng t

he d

ata

whe

n po

ssib

le a

nd c

orro

bora

ting

or c

halle

ngin

g co

nclu

sion

s B2

.0, B

3.0

A7.0

with

oth

er s

ourc

es o

f inf

orm

atio

n.

11-1

2.9

Synt

hesi

ze in

form

atio

n fr

om a

ran

ge o

f sou

rces

(e.g

., te

xts,

exp

erim

ents

, sim

u-A1

.0, A

2.0,

A3.

0,

B1.0

, B2.

0, B

3.0,

B8.

0,

latio

ns) i

nto

a co

here

nt u

nder

stan

ding

of a

pro

cess

, phe

nom

enon

, or c

once

pt, r

esol

ving

A4

.0, A

5.0,

A6.

0,

B9.0

, B10

.0co

nflic

ting

info

rmat

ion

whe

n po

ssib

le.

A7.0

11-1

2.10

. By

the

end

of g

rade

12,

rea

d an

d co

mpr

ehen

d sc

ienc

e/te

chni

cal t

exts

in t

he

A1.0

, A2.

0, A

3.0,

gr

ades

11-

12 t

ext

com

plex

ity

band

inde

pend

ently

and

pro

ficie

ntly

.A4

.0, A

5.0,

A6.

0,

B1.0

A7.0

26


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

PATH

WAY

S

A.

B.

C.

PU

BLI

C S

ER

VIC

ES

Publ

ic

Emer

genc

y Le

gal

Safe

tyRe

spon

sePr

acti

ces

Writ

ing

Stan

dard

s –

WS

– (S

tand

ard

Are

a, G

rade

Lev

el, S

tand

ard

#)11

-12.

1. W

rite

argu

men

ts t

o su

ppor

t cl

aim

s in

an

anal

ysis

of s

ubst

antiv

e to

pics

or t

exts

, usi

ng v

alid

rea

soni

ng a

nd r

elev

ant

and

suffi

cien

t ev

iden

ce.

a. In

trod

uce

prec

ise,

kno

wle

dgea

ble

clai

m(s

), es

tabl

ish

the

sign

ifica

nce

of t

he c

laim

(s),

dist

ingu

ish

the

clai

m(s

) fro

m a

lter-

nate

or o

ppos

ing

clai

ms,

and

cre

ate

an o

rgan

izat

ion

that

logi

cally

seq

uenc

es c

laim

(s),

coun

terc

laim

s, r

easo

ns, a

nd e

vide

nce.

C2.0

, b.

Dev

elop

cla

im(s

) and

cou

nter

clai

ms

fairl

y an

d th

orou

ghly

, sup

plyi

ng t

he m

ost

rele

vant

evi

denc

e fo

r eac

h w

hile

poi

ntin

g C3

.0,

out

the

stre

ngth

s an

d lim

itatio

ns o

f bot

h in

a m

anne

r tha

t an

ticip

ates

the

aud

ienc

e’s

know

ledg

e le

vel,

conc

erns

, val

ues,

and

B1

.0, B

2.0,

C4

.0,

poss

ible

bia

ses.

A2.

0,

B3.0

, B5.

0,

C5.0

, c.

Use

spe

cific

rhe

toric

al d

evic

es t

o su

ppor

t as

sert

ions

(e.g

., ap

peal

to

logi

c th

roug

h re

ason

ing;

app

eal t

o em

otio

n or

eth

ical

A3

.0B6

.0, B

8.0,

C6

.0,

belie

f; re

late

a p

erso

nal a

necd

ote.

Cas

e st

udy

or a

nalo

gy).

B9.0

, B10

.0C7

.0,

C8.0

, d.

Use

wor

ds, p

hras

es, a

nd c

laus

es a

s w

ell a

s va

ried

synt

ax t

o lin

k th

e m

ajor

sec

tions

of t

he t

ext,

crea

te c

ohes

ion,

and

cla

rify

C10.

0th

e re

latio

nshi

ps b

etw

een

clai

m(s

) and

rea

sons

, bet

wee

n re

ason

s an

d ev

iden

ce, a

nd b

etw

een

clai

m(s

) and

cou

nter

clai

ms.

e. E

stab

lish

and

mai

ntai

n a

form

al s

tyle

and

obj

ectiv

e to

ne w

hile

att

endi

ng t

o th

e no

rms

and

conv

entio

ns o

f the

dis

cipl

ine

in

whi

ch t

hey

are

writ

ing.

f. Pr

ovid

e a

conc

ludi

ng s

tate

men

t or

sec

tion

that

fol

low

s fr

om a

nd s

uppo

rts

the

argu

men

t pr

esen

ted.

11-1

2.2.

Writ

e in

form

ativ

e/ex

plan

ator

y te

xts

to e

xam

ine

and

conv

ey c

ompl

ex id

eas,

con

cept

s, a

nd in

form

atio

n cl

early

and

ac

cura

tely

thr

ough

the

eff

ectiv

e se

lect

ion,

org

aniz

atio

n, a

nd a

naly

sis

of c

onte

nt.

a. In

trod

uce

a to

pic

or t

hesi

s st

atem

ent;

org

aniz

e co

mpl

ex id

eas,

con

cept

s, a

nd in

form

atio

n so

tha

t ea

ch n

ew e

lem

ent

build

s on

tha

t w

hich

pre

cede

s it

to c

reat

e a

unifi

ed w

hole

; inc

lude

for

mat

ting

(e.g

., he

adin

gs),

grap

hics

(e.g

., fig

ures

, tab

les)

, and

C2

.0,

mul

timed

ia w

hen

usef

ul t

o ai

ding

com

preh

ensi

on.

C3.0

, b.

Dev

elop

the

top

ic t

horo

ughl

y by

sel

ectin

g th

e m

ost

sign

ifica

nt a

nd r

elev

ant

fact

s, e

xten

ded

defin

ition

s, c

oncr

ete

deta

ils,

C4.0

, B1

.0, B

2.0,

qu

otat

ions

, or o

ther

info

rmat

ion

and

exam

ples

app

ropr

iate

to

the

audi

ence

’s kn

owle

dge

of t

he t

opic

.A1

.0,

C5.0

, B3

.0, B

4.0,

c.

Use

app

ropr

iate

and

var

ied

tran

sitio

ns a

nd s

ynta

x to

link

the

maj

or s

ectio

ns o

f the

tex

t, cr

eate

coh

esio

n, a

nd c

larif

y th

e A4

.0,

C6.0

, B5

.0, B

6.0,

re

latio

nshi

ps a

mon

g co

mpl

ex id

eas

and

conc

epts

.A7

.0C7

.0,

B8.0

, B9.

0C8

.0,

d. U

se p

reci

se la

ngua

ge, d

omai

n-sp

ecifi

c vo

cabu

lary

, and

tec

hniq

ues

such

as

met

apho

r, si

mile

, and

ana

logy

to

man

age

the

C9.0

, co

mpl

exit

y of

the

top

ic.

C10.

0e.

Est

ablis

h an

d m

aint

ain

a fo

rmal

sty

le a

nd o

bjec

tive

tone

whi

le a

tten

ding

to

the

norm

s an

d co

nven

tions

of t

he d

isci

plin

e in

w

hich

the

y ar

e w

ritin

g.

f. Pr

ovid

e a

conc

ludi

ng s

tate

men

t or

sec

tion

that

fol

low

s fr

om a

nd s

uppo

rts

the

info

rmat

ion

or e

xpla

natio

n pr

esen

ted

(e

.g.,

artic

ulat

ing

impl

icat

ions

or t

he s

igni

fican

ce o

f the

top

ic).

27


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

PATH

WAY

SP

UB

LIC

SE

RV

ICE

SA

. B.

C.

Pu

blic

Saf

ety

Emer

genc

y Re

spon

seLe

gal P

ract

ices

Writ

ing

Stan

dard

s –

WS

– (S

tand

ard

Are

a, G

rade

Lev

el, S

tand

ard

#)

(con

tinue

d)11

-12.

3 W

rite

narr

ativ

es t

o de

velo

p re

al o

r im

aged

exp

erie

nces

or e

vent

s us

ing

effe

ctiv

e A5

.0B2

.0, B

3.0

tech

niqu

e, w

ell-

chos

en d

etai

ls, a

nd w

ell-

stru

ctur

ed e

vent

seq

uenc

es.

11-1

2.4.

Pro

duce

cle

ar a

nd c

oher

ent

writ

ing

in w

hich

the

dev

elop

men

t, or

gani

zatio

n,

B1.0

, B2.

0, B

3.0,

B5.

0,

C2.0

, C3.

0, C

4.0,

C5.

0, C

6.0,

an

d st

yle

are

appr

opria

te t

o ta

sk, p

urpo

se, a

nd a

udie

nce.

A1.0

B6.0

, B8.

0, B

9.0,

C7

.0, C

8.0,

C9.

0, C

10.0

B10.

0

11-1

2.5.

Dev

elop

and

str

engt

hen

writ

ing

as n

eede

d by

pla

nnin

g, r

evis

ing,

edi

ting,

rew

rit-

B1.0

, B2.

0, B

3.0,

B5.

0,

ing,

or t

ryin

g a

new

app

roac

h, f

ocus

ing

on a

ddre

ssin

g w

hat

is m

ost

sign

ifica

nt f

or a

B6

.0, B

8.0,

B9.

0,

spec

ific

purp

ose

and

audi

ence

.B1

0.0

11-1

2.6.

Use

tec

hnol

ogy,

incl

udin

g th

e In

tern

et, t

o pr

oduc

e, p

ublis

h, a

nd u

pdat

e

indi

vidu

al o

r sha

red

writ

ing

prod

ucts

in r

espo

nse

to o

ngoi

ng f

eedb

ack,

incl

udin

g ne

w

A3.0

, A5.

0, A

7.0

B3.0

, B6.

0ar

gum

ents

or i

nfor

mat

ion.

11-1

2.7.

Con

duct

sho

rt a

s w

ell a

s m

ore

sust

aine

d re

sear

ch p

roje

cts

to a

nsw

er a

que

stio

n (in

clud

ing

a se

lf-ge

nera

ted

ques

tion)

or s

olve

a p

robl

em; n

arro

w o

r bro

aden

the

inqu

iry

B2.0

, B3.

0, B

5.0,

B6.

0,

C2.0

, C3.

0, C

4.0,

C5.

0, C

6.0,

A3

.0, A

5.0,

A7.

0w

hen

appr

opria

te; s

ynth

esiz

e m

ultip

le s

ourc

es o

n th

e su

bjec

t, de

mon

stra

ting

unde

r-B1

0.0

C7.0

, C8.

0, C

9.0,

C10

.0st

andi

ng o

f the

sub

ject

und

er in

vest

igat

ion.

11-1

2.8.

Gat

her r

elev

ant

info

rmat

ion

from

mul

tiple

aut

horit

ativ

e pr

int

and

digi

tal

sour

ces,

usi

ng a

dvan

ced

sear

ches

eff

ectiv

ely;

ass

ess

the

stre

ngth

s an

d lim

itatio

ns o

f ea

ch s

ourc

e in

ter

ms

of t

he t

ask,

pur

pose

, and

aud

ienc

e; in

tegr

ate

info

rmat

ion

into

the

B2

.0, B

3.0,

B5.

0, B

6.0,

A3

.0, A

5.0,

A7.

0C1

.0, C

2.0,

C10

.0te

xt s

elec

tivel

y to

mai

ntai

n th

e flo

w o

f ide

as, a

void

ing

plag

iaris

m a

nd o

verr

elia

nce

on

B7.0

, B8.

0, B

9.0,

B10

.0an

y on

e so

urce

and

fol

low

ing

a st

anda

rd f

orm

at f

or c

itatio

n in

clud

ing

foot

note

s an

d en

dnot

es.

11-1

2.9.

Dra

w e

vide

nce

from

lite

rary

or i

nfor

mat

iona

l tex

ts t

o su

ppor

t an

alys

is, r

eflec

-C2

.0, C

3.0,

C4.

0, C

5.0,

C6.

0,

A5.0

, A7.

0B6

.0tio

n, a

nd r

esea

rch.

C7.0

, C8.

0, C

9.0,

C10

.0

11-1

2.10

Writ

e ro

utin

ely

over

ext

ende

d tim

e fr

ames

(tim

e fo

r res

earc

h, r

eflec

tion,

and

re

visi

on) a

nd s

hort

er t

ime

fram

es (a

sin

gle

sitt

ing

or a

day

or t

wo)

for

a r

ange

of t

asks

, B2

.0, B

3.0

purp

oses

, and

aud

ienc

es.

28


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

PATH

WAY

SP

UB

LIC

SE

RV

ICE

SA

. B.

C.

Pu

blic

Saf

ety

Emer

genc

y Re

spon

seLe

gal P

ract

ices

Writ

ing

Stan

dard

s fo

r Li

tera

cy in

His

tory

/Soc

ial S

tudi

es, S

cien

ce, a

nd

Tech

nica

l Sub

ject

s –

WH

SST

– (S

tand

ard

Are

a, G

rade

Lev

el, S

tand

ard

#)11

-12.

1. W

rite

argu

men

ts f

ocus

ed o

n di

scip

line-

spec

ific

cont

ent.

A2.

0, A

3.0,

A4.

0,

C1.0

, C2.

0, C

3.0,

C4.

0, C

5.0,

B2

.0, B

3.0

A5.0

C6.0

, C7.

0, C

8.0,

C9.

0, C

10.0

11-1

2.2.

Writ

e in

form

ativ

e/ex

plan

ator

y te

xts,

incl

udin

g th

e na

rrat

ion

of h

isto

rical

A1

.0, A

2.0,

A3.

0,

B1.0

, B2.

0, B

3.0,

B5.

0,

C1.0

, C2.

0, C

3.0,

C4.

0, C

5.0,

ev

ents

, sci

entifi

c pr

oced

ures

/exp

erim

ents

, or t

echn

ical

pro

cess

es.

A4.0

, A5.

0, A

6.0,

B6

.0, B

8.0,

B9.

0,

C6.0

, C7.

0, C

8.0,

C9.

0, C

10.0

A7.0

B10.

0

11-1

2.3.

Inco

rpor

ate

narr

ativ

e el

emen

ts e

ffec

tivel

y in

to a

rgum

ents

and

info

rmat

ive/

A1.0

, A2.

0, A

3.0,

ex

plan

ator

y te

xts.

A4.0

, A5.

0, A

6.0,

B5

.0C2

.0, C

9.0,

C10

.0A7

.0

11-1

2.4.

Pro

duce

cle

ar a

nd c

oher

ent

writ

ing

in w

hich

the

dev

elop

men

t, or

gani

zatio

n,

A1.0

, A2.

0, A

3.0,

B1

.0, B

2.0,

B3.

0, B

5.0,

C1

.0, C

2.0,

C3.

0, C

4.0,

C5.

0,

and

styl

e ar

e ap

prop

riate

tot

tas

k, p

urpo

se, a

nd a

udie

nce.

A4.0

, A5.

0, A

6.0,

B6

.0, B

7.0,

B8.

0, B

9.0,

C6

.0, C

7.0,

C8.

0, C

9.0,

C10

.0A7

.0B1

0.0

11-1

2.5.

Dev

elop

and

str

engt

hen

writ

ing

as n

eede

d by

pla

nnin

g, r

evis

ing,

edi

ting,

rew

rit-

B1.0

, B2.

0, B

3.0,

B5.

0,

C1.0

, C2.

0, C

3.0,

C4.

0, C

5.0,

in

g, o

r try

ing

a ne

w a

ppro

ach,

foc

usin

g on

add

ress

ing

wha

t is

mos

t si

gnifi

cant

for

a

B6.0

, B7.

0, B

8.0,

B9.

0,

C6.0

, C7.

0, C

8.0,

C9.

0, C

10.0

spec

ific

purp

ose

and

audi

ence

.B1

0.0

11-1

2.6.

Use

tec

hnol

ogy,

incl

udin

g th

e In

tern

et, t

o pr

oduc

e, p

ublis

h, a

nd u

pdat

e in

di-

B2.0

, B3.

0, B

5.0,

B6.

0,

C1.0

, C2.

0, C

3.0,

C4.

0, C

5.0,

vi

dual

or s

hare

d w

ritin

g pr

oduc

ts in

res

pons

e to

ong

oing

fee

dbac

k, in

clud

ing

new

arg

u-A

2.0,

A3.

0B7

.0, B

10.0

C6.0

, C7.

0, C

8.0,

C9.

0, C

10.0

men

ts o

r inf

orm

atio

n.

11-1

2.7.

Con

duct

sho

rt a

s w

ell a

s m

ore

sust

aine

d re

sear

ch p

roje

cts

to a

nsw

er a

que

stio

n (in

clud

ing

a se

lf-ge

nera

ted

ques

tion)

or s

olve

a p

robl

em; n

arro

w o

r bro

aden

the

inqu

iry

A2.

0, A

3.0,

A5.

0,

C1.0

, C2.

0, C

3.0,

C4.

0, C

5.0,

w

hen

appr

opria

te; s

ynth

esiz

e m

ultip

le s

ourc

es o

n th

e su

bjec

t, de

mon

stra

ting

unde

r-A7

.0C6

.0, C

7.0,

C8.

0, C

9.0,

C10

.0st

andi

ng o

f the

sub

ject

und

er in

vest

igat

ion.

11-1

2.8.

Gat

her r

elev

ant

info

rmat

ion

from

mul

tiple

aut

horit

ativ

e pr

int

and

digi

tal

sour

ces,

usi

ng a

dvan

ced

sear

ches

eff

ectiv

ely;

ass

ess

the

stre

ngth

s an

d lim

itatio

ns o

f C1

.0, C

2.0,

C3.

0, C

4.0,

C5.

0,

each

sou

rce

in t

erm

s of

the

spe

cific

tas

k, p

urpo

se, a

nd a

udie

nce;

inte

grat

e in

form

atio

n C6

.0, C

7.0,

C8.

0, C

9.0,

C10

.0in

to t

he t

ext

sele

ctiv

ely

to m

aint

ain

the

flow

of i

deas

, avo

idin

g pl

agia

rism

and

ove

rrel

i-an

ce o

n an

y on

e so

urce

and

fol

low

ing

a st

anda

rd f

orm

at f

or c

itatio

n.

11-1

2.9.

Dra

w e

vide

nce

from

info

rmat

iona

l tex

ts t

o su

ppor

t an

alys

is, r

eflec

tion,

and

re

sear

ch.

29


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

PATH

WAY

SP

UB

LIC

SE

RV

ICE

SA

. B.

C.

Pu

blic

Saf

ety

Emer

genc

y Re

spon

seLe

gal P

ract

ices

MAT

HEM

ATIC

S

Alge

bra

– A-

SSE

– Se

eing

Str

uctu

re in

Exp

ress

ions

Inte

rpre

t the

stru

ctur

e of

exp

ress

ions

1. In

terp

ret

expr

essi

ons

that

rep

rese

nt a

qua

ntit

y in

ter

ms

of it

s co

ntex

t.

a. In

terp

ret

part

s of

an

expr

essi

on, s

uch

as t

erm

s, f

acto

rs, a

nd c

oeffi

cien

ts.

C4.0

b. In

terp

ret

com

plic

ated

exp

ress

ions

by

view

ing

one

or m

ore

of t

heir

part

s as

a s

ingl

e en

tity.

For

exa

mpl

e, in

terp

ret P

(1+r

)n as

the

prod

uct o

f P a

nd a

fact

or n

ot d

epen

ding

on

P.

Writ

e ex

pres

sion

s in

equi

vale

nt fo

rms t

o so

lve

prob

lem

s

Alge

bra

– A-

CED

– Cr

eatin

g Eq

uati

ons

Crea

te e

quat

ions

that

des

crib

e nu

mbe

rs o

r rel

atio

nshi

ps

1. C

reat

e eq

uatio

ns a

nd in

equa

litie

s in

one

var

iabl

e in

clud

ing

ones

with

abs

olut

e va

lue

and

use

them

to

solv

e pr

oble

ms

in a

nd o

ut o

f con

text

, inc

ludi

ng e

quat

ions

aris

ing

from

line

ar

func

tions

.B2

.0, B

6.0

C10.

01.

1 Ju

dge

the

valid

ity

of a

n ar

gum

ent

acco

rdin

g to

whe

ther

the

pro

pert

ies

of r

eal n

umbe

rs,

expo

nent

s, a

nd lo

garit

hms

have

bee

n ap

plie

d co

rrec

tly a

t ea

ch s

tep.

(CA

Stan

dard

Alg

ebra

II

- 11

.2)

2. C

reat

e eq

uatio

ns in

tw

o or

mor

e va

riabl

es t

o re

pres

ent

rela

tions

hips

bet

wee

n qu

antit

ies;

B2

.0, B

6.0

C4.0

grap

h eq

uatio

ns o

n co

ordi

nate

axe

s w

ith la

bels

and

sca

les.

3. R

epre

sent

con

stra

ints

by

equa

tions

or i

nequ

aliti

es, a

nd b

y sy

stem

s of

equ

atio

ns a

nd/o

r in

equa

litie

s, a

nd in

terp

ret

solu

tions

as

viab

le o

r non

viab

le o

ptio

ns in

a m

odel

ing

cont

ext.

For

B2.0

, B6.

0ex

ampl

e, r

epre

sent

ineq

ualit

ies

desc

ribin

g nu

triti

onal

and

cos

t co

nstr

aint

s on

com

bina

tions

of

dif

fere

nt f

oods

.

4. R

earr

ange

for

mul

as t

o hi

ghlig

ht a

qua

ntit

y of

inte

rest

, usi

ng t

he s

ame

reas

onin

g as

in s

olv-

B2.0

, B6.

0, B

8.0

ing

equa

tions

. For

exa

mpl

e, r

earr

ange

Ohm

’s la

w V

= IR

to

high

light

res

ista

nce

R.

Alge

bra

– A-

REI –

Rea

soni

ng w

ith

Equa

tion

s an

d In

equa

litie

s

Unde

rsta

nd so

lvin

g eq

uatio

ns a

s a p

roce

ss o

f rea

soni

ng a

nd e

xpla

in th

e re

ason

ing

1. E

xpla

in e

ach

step

in s

olvi

ng a

sim

ple

equa

tion

as f

ollo

win

g fr

om t

he e

qual

ity

of n

umbe

rs

asse

rted

at

the

prev

ious

ste

p, s

tart

ing

from

the

ass

umpt

ion

that

the

orig

inal

equ

atio

n ha

s a

B2.0

, B6.

0, B

8.0

solu

tion.

Con

stru

ct a

via

ble

argu

men

t to

just

ify

a so

lutio

n m

etho

d.

30


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

PATH

WAY

SP

UB

LIC

SE

RV

ICE

SA

. B.

C.

Pu

blic

Saf

ety

Emer

genc

y Re

spon

seLe

gal P

ract

ices

Alge

bra

– A-

REI –

Rea

soni

ng w

ith

Equa

tion

s an

d In

equa

litie

s (c

ontin

ued)

Solv

e eq

uatio

ns a

nd in

equa

litie

s in

one

varia

ble

3. S

olve

line

ar e

quat

ions

and

ineq

ualit

ies

in o

ne v

aria

ble,

incl

udin

g eq

uatio

ns w

ith c

oeffi

cien

ts r

epre

-se

nted

by

lett

ers.

B2.0

, B6.

0, B

7.0,

B8.

0,

C10.

03.

1 So

lve

equa

tions

and

ineq

ualit

ies

invo

lvin

g ab

solu

te v

alue

. (CA

Sta

ndar

d Al

gebr

a I -

3.0

and

CA

B9.0

, B10

.0St

anda

rd A

lgeb

ra II

- 1

.0)

Solv

e sy

stem

s of e

quat

ions

5. P

rove

tha

t, gi

ven

a sy

stem

of t

wo

equa

tions

in t

wo

varia

bles

, rep

laci

ng o

ne e

quat

ion

by t

he s

um o

f th

at e

quat

ion

and

a m

ultip

le o

f the

oth

er p

rodu

ces

a sy

stem

with

the

sam

e so

lutio

ns.

6. S

olve

sys

tem

s of

line

ar e

quat

ions

exa

ctly

and

app

roxi

mat

ely

(e.g

., w

ith g

raph

s), f

ocus

ing

on p

airs

C4

.0of

line

ar e

quat

ions

in t

wo

varia

bles

.

Func

tion

s –

F-IF

– In

terp

retin

g Fu

ncti

ons

Unde

rsta

nd th

e co

ncep

t of a

func

tion

and

use

func

tion

nota

tion

1. U

nder

stan

d th

at a

fun

ctio

n fr

om o

ne s

et (c

alle

d th

e do

mai

n) t

o an

othe

r set

(cal

led

the

rang

e)

assi

gns

to e

ach

elem

ent

of t

he d

omai

n ex

actly

one

ele

men

t of

the

ran

ge. I

f f is

a f

unct

ion

and

x is

an

B2.0

, B6.

0, B

10.0

elem

ent

of it

s do

mai

n, t

hen

f(x)

den

otes

the

out

put

of f

corr

espo

ndin

g to

the

inpu

t x.

The

gra

ph o

f f

is t

he g

raph

of t

he e

quat

ion

y =

f(x)

.

2. U

se f

unct

ion

nota

tion,

eva

luat

e fu

nctio

ns f

or in

puts

in t

heir

dom

ains

, and

inte

rpre

t st

atem

ents

B2

.0, B

6.0,

B10

.0C2

.0, C

4.0

that

use

fun

ctio

n no

tatio

n in

ter

ms

of a

con

text

.

Inte

rpre

t fun

ctio

ns th

at a

rise

in a

pplic

atio

ns in

term

s of t

he c

onte

xt

4. F

or a

fun

ctio

n th

at m

odel

s a

rela

tions

hip

betw

een

two

quan

titie

s, in

terp

ret

key

feat

ures

of g

raph

s an

d ta

bles

in t

erm

s of

the

qua

ntiti

es, a

nd s

ketc

h gr

aphs

sho

win

g ke

y fe

atur

es g

iven

a v

erba

l des

crip

-B2

.0, B

6.0,

B7.

0, B

8.0,

tio

n of

the

rel

atio

nshi

p. K

ey f

eatu

res

incl

ude:

inte

rcep

ts; i

nter

vals

whe

re t

he f

unct

ion

is in

crea

sing

, C4

.0B1

0.0

decr

easi

ng, p

ositi

ve, o

r neg

ativ

e; r

elat

ive

max

imum

s an

d m

inim

ums;

sym

met

ries;

end

beh

avio

r; an

d pe

riodi

city

.

5. R

elat

e th

e do

mai

n of

a f

unct

ion

to it

s gr

aph

and,

whe

re a

pplic

able

, to

the

quan

titat

ive

rela

tions

hip

B2.0

, B6.

0, B

7.0,

B8.

0,

it de

scrib

es. F

or e

xam

ple,

if t

he f

unct

ion

h(n)

giv

es t

he n

umbe

r of p

erso

n-ho

urs

it ta

kes

to a

ssem

ble

C4.0

B10.

0n

engi

nes

in a

fac

tory

, the

n th

e po

sitiv

e in

tege

rs w

ould

be

an a

ppro

pria

te d

omai

n fo

r the

fun

ctio

n.

6. C

alcu

late

and

inte

rpre

t th

e av

erag

e ra

te o

f cha

nge

of a

fun

ctio

n (p

rese

nted

sym

bolic

ally

or a

s a

B2.0

, B6.

0, B

7.0,

B8.

0,

tabl

e) o

ver a

spe

cifie

d in

terv

al. E

stim

ate

the

rate

of c

hang

e fr

om a

gra

ph.

B10.

0

31


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

PATH

WAY

SP

UB

LIC

SE

RV

ICE

SA

. B.

C.

Pu

blic

Saf

ety

Emer

genc

y Re

spon

seLe

gal P

ract

ices

Geom

etry

– G

-CO

– C

ongr

uenc

eEx

perim

ent w

ith tr

ansf

orm

atio

ns in

the

plan

e

1. K

now

pre

cise

defi

nitio

ns o

f ang

le, c

ircle

, per

pend

icul

ar li

ne, p

aral

lel l

ine,

and

line

seg

men

t, ba

sed

B2.0

, B6.

0, B

7.0,

B8.

0,

A2.

0, A

9.0

on t

he u

ndefi

ned

notio

ns o

f poi

nt, l

ine,

dis

tanc

e al

ong

a lin

e, a

nd d

ista

nce

arou

nd a

circ

ular

arc

.B9

.0, B

10.0

Geom

etry

– G

-GM

D –

Geom

etric

Mea

sure

men

t an

d Di

men

sion

s

Visu

aliz

e re

latio

nshi

ps b

etw

een

two-

dim

ensi

onal

and

thre

e-di

men

sion

al o

bjec

ts

1. G

ive

an in

form

al a

rgum

ent

for t

he f

orm

ulas

for

the

circ

umfe

renc

e of

a C

ircle

, are

a of

a c

ircle

, B2

.0, B

6.0,

B7.

0, B

8.0,

vo

lum

e of

a c

ylin

der,

pyra

mid

, and

con

e. u

se d

isse

ctio

n ar

gum

ents

, Cav

alie

ri’s

prin

cipl

e, a

nd in

form

al

B9.0

, B10

.0lim

it ar

gum

ents

.

3. U

se v

olum

e fo

rmul

as f

or c

ylin

ders

, pyr

amid

s, c

ones

, and

sph

eres

to

solv

e pr

oble

ms.

B2.0

, B6.

0, B

7.0,

B8.

0,

B9.0

, B10

.0

5. D

eter

min

e ho

w c

hang

es in

dim

ensi

ons

affe

ct t

he p

erim

eter

, are

a, a

nd v

olum

e of

com

mon

geo

met

-B2

.0, B

6.0,

B9.

0,

ric fi

gure

s an

d so

lids.

B10.

0

Geom

etry

– G

-GPE

– E

xpre

ssin

g Ge

omet

ric P

rope

rtie

s w

ith

Equa

tion

s7.

Use

coo

rdin

ates

to

com

pute

per

imet

ers

of p

olyg

ons

and

area

s of

tria

ngle

s an

d re

ctan

gles

, e.g

., B2

.0, B

6.0,

B7.

0, B

8.0,

A

2.0,

A9.

0us

ing

the

dist

ance

for

mul

a.B1

0.0

Geom

etry

– G

-MG

– M

odel

ing

wit

h Ge

omet

ryAp

ply

geom

etric

con

cept

s in

mod

elin

g sit

uatio

ns

2. A

pply

con

cept

s of

den

sity

bas

ed o

n ar

ea a

nd v

olum

e in

mod

elin

g si

tuat

ions

(e.g

., pe

rson

s pe

r B6

.0, B

8.0,

B9.

0,

A2.

0sq

uare

mile

, BTU

s pe

r cub

ic f

oot)

. B1

0.0

Num

ber

and

Qua

ntit

y –

N-Q

– Q

uant

itie

sRe

ason

qua

ntita

tivel

y an

d us

e un

its to

solv

e pr

oble

ms

1. U

se u

nits

as

a w

ay t

o un

ders

tand

pro

blem

s an

d to

gui

de t

he s

olut

ion

of m

ulti-

step

pro

blem

s;

B2.0

, B6.

0, B

7.0,

B8.

0,

choo

se a

nd in

terp

ret

unit

s co

nsis

tent

ly in

for

mul

as; c

hoos

e an

d in

terp

ret

the

scal

e an

d th

e or

igin

in

A2.

0, A

8.0,

A9.

0B9

.0, B

10.0

grap

hs a

nd d

ata

disp

lays

.

2. D

efine

app

ropr

iate

qua

ntiti

es f

or t

he p

urpo

se o

f des

crip

tive

mod

elin

g.B2

.0, B

6.0,

B7.

0, B

8.0,

A

2.0,

A8.

0, A

9.0

B9.0

, B10

.0

3. C

hoos

e a

leve

l of a

ccur

acy

appr

opria

te t

o lim

itatio

ns o

n m

easu

rem

ent

whe

n re

port

ing

quan

titie

s.A

2.0,

A7.

0, A

8.0,

B2

.0, B

6.0,

B7.

0, B

8.0,

A9

.0B9

.0, B

10.0

32


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

PATH

WAY

SP

UB

LIC

SE

RV

ICE

SA

. B.

C.

Pu

blic

Saf

ety

Emer

genc

y Re

spon

seLe

gal P

ract

ices

Stat

isti

cs a

nd P

roba

bilit

y –

S-IC

– M

akin

g In

fere

nces

and

Jus

tify

ing

Co

nclu

sion

s

Unde

rsta

nd a

nd e

valu

ate

rand

om p

roce

sses

und

erly

ing

stat

istic

al e

xper

imen

ts

1. U

nder

stan

d st

atis

tics

as a

pro

cess

for

mak

ing

infe

renc

es a

bout

pop

ulat

ion

para

met

ers

A2.

0, A

7.0,

A8.

0,

B2.0

, B6.

0, B

7.0,

B10

.0C4

.0ba

sed

on a

ran

dom

sam

ple

from

tha

t po

pula

tion.

A9.0

2. D

ecid

e if

a sp

ecifi

ed m

odel

is c

onsi

sten

t w

ith r

esul

ts f

rom

a g

iven

dat

a-ge

nera

ting

proc

ess,

e.

g., u

sing

sim

ulat

ion.

For

exa

mpl

e, a

mod

el s

ays

a sp

inni

ng c

oin

falls

hea

ds u

p w

ith p

roba

bil-

A8.0

, A9.

0B2

.0, B

6.0,

B10

.0C4

.0it

y 0.

5. W

ould

a r

esul

t of

5 t

ails

in a

row

cau

se y

ou t

o qu

estio

n th

e m

odel

?

Mak

e in

fere

nces

and

just

ify c

oncl

usio

ns fr

om sa

mpl

e su

rvey

s, ex

perim

ents

, and

obs

erva

tiona

l st

udie

s

3. R

ecog

nize

the

pur

pose

s of

and

dif

fere

nces

am

ong

sam

ple

surv

eys,

exp

erim

ents

, and

obs

er-

A2.

0, A

8.0,

A9.

0B2

.0, B

6.0,

B7.

0, B

10.0

vatio

nal s

tudi

es; e

xpla

in h

ow r

ando

miz

atio

n re

late

s to

eac

h.

5. U

se d

ata

from

a r

ando

miz

ed e

xper

imen

t to

com

pare

tw

o tr

eatm

ents

; use

sim

ulat

ions

to

A2.

0de

cide

if d

iffe

renc

es b

etw

een

para

met

ers

are

sign

ifica

nt.

6. E

valu

ate

repo

rts

base

d on

dat

a.A

2.0,

A8.

0, A

9.0

B2.0

, B6.

0, B

7.0,

B10

.0C4

.0, C

8.0

Stat

isti

cs a

nd P

roba

bilit

y –

S-ID

– In

terp

reti

ng C

ateg

oric

al a

nd Q

uant

itat

ive

Data

Sum

mar

ize,

repr

esen

t, an

d in

terp

ret d

ata

on a

sing

le c

ount

or m

easu

rem

ent v

aria

ble

1. R

epre

sent

dat

a w

ith p

lots

on

the

real

num

ber l

ine

(dot

plo

ts, h

isto

gram

s, a

nd b

ox p

lots

).A1

.0, A

7.0,

A8.

0,

B2.0

, B6.

0, B

7.0,

B10

.0C4

.0, C

8.0

A9.0

2. U

se s

tatis

tics

appr

opria

te t

o th

e sh

ape

of t

he d

ata

dist

ribut

ion

to c

ompa

re c

ente

r (m

edia

n,

A1.0

, A8.

0, A

9.0

B2.0

, B6.

0, B

7.0,

B10

.0C4

.0, C

8.0

mea

n) a

nd s

prea

d (in

terq

uart

ile r

ange

, sta

ndar

d de

viat

ion)

of t

wo

or m

ore

diff

eren

t da

ta s

ets.

3. In

terp

ret

diff

eren

ces

in s

hape

, cen

ter,

and

spre

ad in

the

con

text

of t

he d

ata

sets

, acc

ount

-A1

.0, A

8.0,

A9.

0B2

.0, B

6.0,

B7.

0, B

10.0

C4.0

, C8.

0in

g fo

r pos

sibl

e ef

fect

s of

ext

rem

e da

ta p

oint

s (o

utlie

rs).

4. U

se t

he m

ean

and

stan

dard

dev

iatio

n of

a d

ata

set

to fi

t it

to a

nor

mal

dis

trib

utio

n an

d to

es

timat

e po

pula

tion

perc

enta

ges.

Rec

ogni

ze t

hat

ther

e ar

e da

ta s

ets

for w

hich

suc

h a

proc

e-A1

.0, A

8.0,

A9.

0B2

.0, B

6.0,

B7.

0, B

10.0

C4.0

, C8.

0du

re is

not

app

ropr

iate

. Use

cal

cula

tors

, spr

eads

heet

s, a

nd t

able

s to

est

imat

e ar

eas

unde

r the

no

rmal

cur

ve.

33


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

PATH

WAY

SP

UB

LIC

SE

RV

ICE

SA

. B.

C.

Pu

blic

Saf

ety

Emer

genc

y Re

spon

seLe

gal P

ract

ices

Stat

isti

cs a

nd P

roba

bilit

y –

S-ID

– In

terp

reti

ng C

ateg

oric

al a

nd Q

uant

itat

ive

Data

(c

ontin

ued)

Sum

mar

ize,

repr

esen

t, an

d in

terp

ret d

ata

on tw

o ca

tego

rical

and

qua

ntita

tive

varia

bles

5. S

umm

ariz

e ca

tego

rical

dat

a fo

r tw

o ca

tego

ries

in t

wo-

way

fre

quen

cy t

able

s. In

terp

ret

rela

tive

freq

uenc

ies

in t

he c

onte

xt o

f the

dat

a (in

clud

ing

join

t, m

argi

nal,

and

cond

ition

al r

elat

ive

freq

uenc

ies)

. C4

.0Re

cogn

ize

poss

ible

ass

ocia

tions

and

tre

nds

in t

he d

ata.

6. R

epre

sent

dat

a on

tw

o qu

antit

ativ

e va

riabl

es o

n a

scat

ter p

lot,

and

desc

ribe

how

the

var

iabl

es a

re

rela

ted.

a. F

it a

func

tion

to t

he d

ata;

use

fun

ctio

ns fi

tted

to

data

to

solv

e pr

oble

ms

in t

he c

onte

xt o

f the

da

ta. U

se g

iven

fun

ctio

ns o

r cho

ose

a fu

nctio

n su

gges

ted

by t

he c

onte

xt. E

mph

asiz

e lin

ear,

qua-

C4.0

drat

ic, a

nd e

xpon

entia

l mod

els.

b. In

form

ally

ass

ess

the

fit o

f a f

unct

ion

by p

lott

ing

and

anal

yzin

g re

sidu

als.

c. F

it a

linea

r fun

ctio

n fo

r a s

catt

er p

lot

that

sug

gest

s a

linea

r ass

ocia

tion.

Inte

rpre

t lin

ear m

odel

s

7. In

terp

ret

the

slop

e (r

ate

of c

hang

e) a

nd t

he in

terc

ept

(con

stan

t te

rm) o

f a li

near

mod

el in

the

con

-C4

.0te

xt o

f the

dat

a.

8. C

ompu

te (u

sing

tec

hnol

ogy)

and

inte

rpre

t th

e co

rrel

atio

n co

effic

ient

of a

line

ar fi

t.C4

.0

9. D

istin

guis

h be

twee

n co

rrel

atio

n an

d ca

usat

ion.

C4.0

Stat

isti

cs a

nd P

roba

bilit

y –

S-CP

– C

ondi

tion

al P

roba

bilit

y an

d th

e Ru

les

of P

roba

bilit

y

Unde

rsta

nd in

depe

nden

ce a

nd c

ondi

tiona

l pro

babi

lity

and

use

them

to in

terp

ret d

ata

5. R

ecog

nize

and

exp

lain

the

con

cept

s of

con

ditio

nal p

roba

bilit

y an

d in

depe

nden

ce in

eve

ryda

y la

n-gu

age

and

ever

yday

situ

atio

ns. F

or e

xam

ple,

com

pare

the

cha

nce

of h

avin

g lu

ng c

ance

r if y

ou a

re a

C4

.0sm

oker

with

the

cha

nce

of b

eing

a s

mok

er if

you

hav

e lu

ng c

ance

r.

Stat

isti

cs a

nd P

roba

bilit

y –

S-M

D –

Usin

g Pr

obab

ility

to

Mak

e De

cisi

ons

Calc

ulat

e ex

pect

ed v

alue

s and

use

them

to so

lve

prob

lem

s

1. (+

) Defi

ne a

ran

dom

var

iabl

e fo

r a q

uant

ity

of in

tere

st b

y as

sign

ing

a nu

mer

ical

val

ue t

o ea

ch e

vent

in

a s

ampl

e sp

ace;

gra

ph t

he c

orre

spon

ding

pro

babi

lity

dist

ribut

ion

usin

g th

e sa

me

grap

hica

l dis

play

s B2

.0, B

6.0,

B10

.0as

for

dat

a di

strib

utio

ns.

34


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

PATH

WAY

SP

UB

LIC

SE

RV

ICE

SA

. B.

C.

Pu

blic

Saf

ety

Emer

genc

y Re

spon

seLe

gal P

ract

ices

Stat

isti

cs a

nd P

roba

bilit

y –

S-M

D –

Usin

g Pr

obab

ility

to

Mak

e De

cisi

ons

(con

tinue

d)2.

(+) C

alcu

late

the

exp

ecte

d va

lue

of a

ran

dom

var

iabl

e; in

terp

ret

it as

the

mea

n of

the

B2

.0, B

6.0,

B10

.0pr

obab

ility

dis

trib

utio

n.

3. (+

) Dev

elop

a p

roba

bilit

y di

strib

utio

n fo

r a r

ando

m v

aria

ble

defin

ed f

or a

sam

ple

spac

e in

whi

ch t

heor

etic

al p

roba

bilit

ies

can

be c

alcu

late

d; fi

nd t

he e

xpec

ted

valu

e. F

or

exam

ple,

find

the

the

oret

ical

pro

babi

lity

dist

ribut

ion

for t

he n

umbe

r of c

orre

ct a

nsw

ers

B2.0

, B6.

0, B

10.0

obta

ined

by

gues

sing

on

all fi

ve q

uest

ions

of a

mul

tiple

-cho

ice

test

whe

re e

ach

ques

tion

has

four

cho

ices

, and

find

the

exp

ecte

d gr

ade

unde

r var

ious

gra

ding

sch

emes

.

4. (+

) Dev

elop

a p

roba

bilit

y di

strib

utio

n fo

r a r

ando

m v

aria

ble

defin

ed f

or a

sam

ple

spac

e in

whi

ch p

roba

bilit

ies

are

assi

gned

em

piric

ally

; find

the

exp

ecte

d va

lue.

For

ex

ampl

e, fi

nd a

cur

rent

dat

a di

strib

utio

n on

the

num

ber o

f TV

sets

per

hou

seho

ld in

the

B2

.0, B

6.0,

B10

.0U

nite

d St

ates

, and

cal

cula

te t

he e

xpec

ted

num

ber o

f set

s pe

r hou

seho

ld. H

ow m

any

TV

sets

wou

ld y

ou e

xpec

t to

find

in 1

00 r

ando

mly

sel

ecte

d ho

useh

olds

?

Use

prob

abili

ty to

eva

luat

e ou

tcom

es o

f dec

ision

s

5. (+

) Wei

gh t

he p

ossi

ble

outc

omes

of a

dec

isio

n by

ass

igni

ng p

roba

bilit

ies

to p

ayof

f va

lues

and

find

ing

expe

cted

val

ues.

a. F

ind

the

expe

cted

pay

off f

or a

gam

e of

cha

nce.

For

exa

mpl

e, fi

nd t

he e

xpec

ted

B2.0

, B4.

0, B

6.0,

w

inni

ngs

from

a s

tate

lott

ery

ticke

t or

a g

ame

at a

fas

t-fo

od r

esta

uran

t.A

2.0,

A8.

0, A

9.0

B10.

0b.

Eva

luat

e an

d co

mpa

re s

trat

egie

s on

the

bas

is o

f exp

ecte

d va

lues

. For

exa

mpl

e,

com

pare

a h

igh

dedu

ctib

le v

ersu

s a

low

-ded

uctib

le a

utom

obile

insu

ranc

e po

licy

usin

g va

rious

, but

rea

sona

ble,

cha

nces

of h

avin

g a

min

or o

r a m

ajor

acc

iden

t.

6. (+

) Use

pro

babi

litie

s to

mak

e fa

ir de

cisi

ons

(e.g

., dr

awin

g by

lots

, usi

ng a

ran

dom

A

2.0

num

ber g

ener

ator

).

7. (+

) Ana

lyze

dec

isio

ns a

nd s

trat

egie

s us

ing

prob

abili

ty c

once

pts

(e.g

., pr

oduc

t te

stin

g,

B2.0

, B4.

0, B

6.0,

A

2.0,

A8.

0, A

9.0

C4.0

, C10

.0m

edic

al t

estin

g, p

ullin

g a

hock

ey g

oalie

at

the

end

of a

gam

e).

B10.

0

Stat

isti

cs a

nd P

roba

bilit

y –

APP

S –

Adva

nced

Pla

cem

ent

Prob

abili

ty a

nd

Stat

isti

cs10

.0 S

tude

nts

know

the

defi

nitio

ns o

f the

mea

n, m

edia

n an

d m

ode

of d

istr

ibut

ion

of

A2.

0, A

7.0,

A8.

0,

B2.0

, B6.

0, B

7.0,

B10

.0da

ta a

nd c

an c

ompu

te e

ach

of t

hem

in p

artic

ular

situ

atio

ns.

A9.0

35


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

PATH

WAY

SP

UB

LIC

SE

RV

ICE

SA

. B.

C.

Pu

blic

Saf

ety

Emer

genc

y Re

spon

seLe

gal P

ract

ices

SCIE

NCE

Scie

ntifi

c an

d En

gine

erin

g Pr

acti

ces

– SE

P7.

Eng

agin

g in

arg

umen

t fr

om e

vide

nce

A2.

0C2

.0

8. O

btai

ning

, eva

luat

ing,

and

com

mun

icat

ing

info

rmat

ion

A2.

0C2

.0

Phys

ical

Sci

ence

s –

PSPS

1: M

atte

r and

Its

Inte

ract

ions

PS1.

A: S

truc

ture

and

Pro

pert

ies

of M

atte

rA4

.0, A

7.0

B7.0

PS1.

B: C

hem

ical

Rea

ctio

nsA1

.0, A

4.0

B7.0

PS2:

Mot

ion

and

Stab

ility

: For

ces

and

Inte

ract

ions

PS2.

A: F

orce

s an

d M

otio

nA4

.0, A

7.0

PS2.

B: T

ypes

of i

nter

actio

ns

PS2.

C: S

tabi

lity

and

Inst

abili

ty in

Phy

sica

l Sys

tem

sA

2.0,

A3.

0, A

7.0

B8.0

PS3:

Ene

rgy

PS3.

C: R

elat

ions

hip

Betw

een

Ener

gy a

nd F

orce

sA7

.0B8

.0

PS3.

D: E

nerg

y in

Che

mic

al P

roce

sses

and

Eve

ryda

y Li

feA1

.0, A

4.0,

A7.

0

PS4:

Wav

es a

nd T

heir

Appl

icat

ions

in T

echn

olog

ies

for I

nfor

mat

ion

Tran

sfer

PS4.

C: In

form

atio

n Te

chno

logi

es a

nd In

stru

men

tatio

nA1

.0, A

3.0,

A5.

0

Life

Sci

ence

s –

LSLS

1: F

rom

Mol

ecul

es t

o O

rgan

ism

s: S

truc

ture

s an

d Pr

oces

ses

LS1.

A: S

truc

ture

and

Fun

ctio

nA6

.0, A

2.0

B4.0

, B5.

0, B

9.0

LS1.

B: G

row

th a

nd D

evel

opm

ent

of O

rgan

ism

sA6

.0, A

4.0

B4.0

, B5.

0, B

9.0

LS1.

C: O

rgan

izat

ion

for M

atte

r and

Ene

rgy

Flow

in O

rgan

ism

sB4

.0, B

5.0,

B9.

0

LS1.

D: I

nfor

mat

ion

Proc

essi

ngA5

.0

LS2:

Eco

syst

ems:

Inte

ract

ions

, Ene

rgy,

and

Dyn

amic

s

LS2.

A: In

terd

epen

dent

Rel

atio

nshi

ps in

Eco

syst

ems

A3.0

, A6.

0

LS2.

B: C

ycle

s of

Mat

ter a

nd E

nerg

y Tr

ansf

er in

Eco

syst

ems

A1.0

LS2.

D: S

ocia

l Int

erac

tions

and

Gro

up B

ehav

ior

A7.0

36


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

PATH

WAY

SP

UB

LIC

SE

RV

ICE

SA

. B.

C.

Pu

blic

Saf

ety

Emer

genc

y Re

spon

seLe

gal P

ract

ices

Engi

neer

ing,

Tec

hnol

ogy,

and

the

App

licat

ions

of

Scie

nce

– ET

S

ETS1

: Eng

inee

ring

Desi

gn

ETS1

.A: D

efini

ng a

nd D

elim

iting

an

Engi

neer

ing

Prob

lem

A3.0

, A7.

0ET

S1.B

: Dev

elop

ing

Poss

ible

Sol

utio

ns

ETS1

.C: O

ptim

izin

g th

e De

sign

Sol

utio

n

HIS

TORY

/SO

CIAL

SCI

ENCE

Prin

cipl

es o

f A

mer

ican

Dem

ocra

cy a

nd E

cono

mic

s –

AD

12.1

Stu

dent

s ex

plai

n th

e fu

ndam

enta

l prin

cipl

es a

nd m

oral

val

ues

of A

mer

ican

dem

ocra

cy a

s ex

pres

sed

in t

he U

.S. C

onst

itutio

n an

d ot

her e

ssen

tial d

ocum

ents

of A

mer

ican

dem

ocra

cy

12.1

.1. A

naly

ze t

he in

fluen

ce o

f anc

ient

Gre

ek, R

oman

, Eng

lish,

and

lead

ing

Euro

pean

pol

iti-

cal t

hink

ers

such

as

John

Loc

ke, C

harle

s-Lo

uis

Mon

tesq

uieu

, Nic

colo

Mac

hiav

elli,

and

Wil-

C4.0

liam

Bla

ckst

one

on t

he d

evel

opm

ent

of A

mer

ican

gov

ernm

ent.

12.1

.2. D

iscu

ss t

he c

hara

cter

of A

mer

ican

dem

ocra

cy a

nd it

s pr

omis

e an

d pe

rils

as a

rtic

u-A

2.0

C4.0

late

d by

Ale

xis

de T

ocqu

evill

e.

12.1

.3. E

xpla

in h

ow t

he U

.S. C

onst

itutio

n re

flect

s a

bala

nce

betw

een

the

clas

sica

l rep

ublic

an

conc

ern

with

pro

mot

ion

of t

he p

ublic

goo

d an

d th

e cl

assi

cal l

iber

al c

once

rn w

ith p

rote

ct-

A5.0

C1.0

, C4.

0, C

4.0

ing

indi

vidu

al ri

ghts

; and

dis

cuss

how

the

bas

ic p

rem

ises

of l

iber

al c

onst

itutio

nalis

m a

nd

dem

ocra

cy a

re jo

ined

in t

he D

ecla

ratio

n of

Inde

pend

ence

as

“sel

f-ev

iden

t tr

uths

.”

12.1

.5. D

escr

ibe

the

syst

ems

of s

epar

ated

and

sha

red

pow

ers,

the

rol

e of

org

aniz

ed in

ter-

ests

(Fed

eral

ist

Pape

r Num

ber 1

0), c

heck

s an

d ba

lanc

es (F

eder

alis

t Pa

per N

umbe

r 51)

, the

C4

.0im

port

ance

of a

n in

depe

nden

t ju

dici

ary

(Fed

eral

ist

Pape

r Num

ber 7

8), e

num

erat

ed p

ower

s,

rule

of l

aw, f

eder

alis

m, a

nd c

ivili

an c

ontr

ol o

f the

mili

tary

.

12.1

.6. U

nder

stan

d th

at t

he B

ill o

f Rig

hts

limit

s th

e po

wer

s of

the

fed

eral

gov

ernm

ent

and

A5.0

, A3.

0, A

6.0

C1.0

, C4.

0st

ate

gove

rnm

ents

.

12.2

Stu

dent

s ev

alua

te a

nd t

ake

and

defe

nd p

ositi

ons

on t

he s

cope

and

lim

its

of ri

ghts

and

A3

.0, A

6.0

oblig

atio

ns a

s de

moc

ratic

citi

zens

, the

rel

atio

nshi

ps a

mon

g th

em, a

nd h

ow t

hey

are

secu

red.

12.2

.1. D

iscu

ss t

he m

eani

ng a

nd im

port

ance

of e

ach

of t

he ri

ghts

gua

rant

eed

unde

r the

Bill

C1

.0, C

4.0,

C8.

0 C4

.0,

of R

ight

s an

d ho

w e

ach

is s

ecur

ed (e

.g.,

free

dom

of r

elig

ion,

spe

ech,

pre

ss, a

ssem

bly,

pet

i-A5

.0C9

.0tio

n, p

rivac

y).

37


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

PATH

WAY

SP

UB

LIC

SE

RV

ICE

SA

. B.

C.

Pu

blic

Saf

ety

Emer

genc

y Re

spon

seLe

gal P

ract

ices

Prin

cipl

es o

f A

mer

ican

Dem

ocra

cy a

nd E

cono

mic

s –

AD (c

ontin

ued)

12.2

.2. E

xpla

in h

ow e

cono

mic

righ

ts a

re s

ecur

ed a

nd t

heir

impo

rtan

ce t

o th

e in

divi

dual

and

to

soci

ety

(e.g

., th

e rig

ht t

o ac

quire

, use

, tra

nsfe

r, an

d di

spos

e of

pro

perly

; rig

ht t

o ch

oose

one

’s C4

.0, C

4.0,

C9.

0w

ork;

righ

t to

join

or n

ot jo

in la

bor u

nion

s; c

opyr

ight

and

pat

ent)

.

12.2

.3. D

iscu

ss t

he in

divi

dual

’s le

gal o

blig

atio

ns t

o ob

ey t

he la

w, s

erve

as

a ju

ror,

and

pay

taxe

s.A1

.0C4

.0, C

4.0,

C9.

0

12.2

.4. U

nder

stan

d th

e ob

ligat

ions

of c

ivic

-min

dedn

ess,

incl

udin

g vo

ting,

bei

ng in

form

ed o

n ci

vic

issu

es, v

olun

teer

ing

and

perf

orm

ing

publ

ic s

ervi

ce, a

nd s

ervi

ng in

the

mili

tary

or a

ltern

ativ

e A1

.0C4

.0, C

9.0

serv

ice.

12.2

.5. D

escr

ibe

the

reci

proc

ity

betw

een

right

s an

d ob

ligat

ions

; tha

t is

, why

enj

oym

ent

of o

ne’s

A1.0

C4.0

, C9.

0rig

hts

enta

ils r

espe

ct f

or t

he ri

ghts

of o

ther

s.

12.2

.6. E

xpla

in h

ow o

ne b

ecom

es a

citi

zen

of t

he U

nite

d St

ates

, inc

ludi

ng t

he p

roce

ss o

f nat

ural

-A1

.0C4

.0iz

atio

n (e

.g.,

liter

acy,

lang

uage

, and

oth

er r

equi

rem

ents

).

12.3

Stu

dent

s ev

alua

te a

nd t

ake

and

defe

nd p

ositi

ons

on w

hat

the

fund

amen

tal v

alue

s an

d pr

in-

cipl

es o

f civ

il so

ciet

y ar

e (i.

e., t

he a

uton

omou

s sp

here

of v

olun

tary

per

sona

l, so

cial

, and

eco

nom

ic

C4.0

, C5.

0, C

8.0

rela

tions

tha

t ar

e no

t pa

rt o

f gov

ernm

ent)

, the

ir In

terd

epen

denc

e, a

nd t

he m

eani

ng a

nd im

port

ance

of

tho

se v

alue

s an

d pr

inci

ples

for

a f

ree

soci

ety.

12.3

.3. D

iscu

ss t

he h

isto

rical

rol

e of

rel

igio

n an

d re

ligio

us d

iver

sity

.A1

.0

12.4

Stu

dent

s an

alyz

e th

e un

ique

rol

es a

nd r

espo

nsib

ilitie

s of

the

thr

ee b

ranc

hes

of g

over

nmen

t as

A1

.0es

tabl

ishe

d by

the

U.S

. Con

stitu

tion.

12.4

.1. D

iscu

ss A

rtic

le I

of t

he C

onst

itutio

n as

it r

elat

es t

o th

e le

gisl

ativ

e br

anch

, inc

ludi

ng

elig

ibili

ty f

or o

ffice

and

leng

ths

of t

erm

s of

rep

rese

ntat

ives

and

sen

ator

s; e

lect

ion

to o

ffice

; the

C1

.0, C

4.0,

C1.

0,

A6.0

role

s of

the

Hou

se a

nd S

enat

e in

impe

achm

ent

proc

eedi

ngs;

the

rol

e of

the

vic

e pr

esid

ent;

the

C4

.0, C

6.0,

C7.

0en

umer

ated

legi

slat

ive

pow

ers;

and

the

pro

cess

by

whi

ch a

bill

bec

omes

a la

w.

12.4

.3. I

dent

ify

thei

r cur

rent

rep

rese

ntat

ives

in t

he le

gisl

ativ

e br

anch

of t

he n

atio

nal g

over

n-C1

.0, C

4.0

men

t.

12.4

.4. D

iscu

ss A

rtic

le II

of t

he C

onst

itutio

n as

it r

elat

es t

o th

e ex

ecut

ive

bran

ch, i

nclu

ding

elig

i-bi

lity

for o

ffice

and

leng

th o

f ter

m, e

lect

ion

to a

nd r

emov

al f

rom

offi

ce, t

he o

ath

of o

ffice

, and

A3

.0C1

.0, C

4.0

the

enum

erat

ed e

xecu

tive

pow

ers.

12.4

.5. D

iscu

ss A

rtic

le II

I of t

he C

onst

itutio

n as

it r

elat

es t

o ju

dici

al p

ower

, inc

ludi

ng t

he le

ngth

A6

.0C1

.0, C

4.0

of t

erm

s of

judg

es a

nd t

he ju

risdi

ctio

n of

the

Sup

rem

e Co

urt.

38


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

PATH

WAY

SP

UB

LIC

SE

RV

ICE

SA

. B.

C.

Pu

blic

Saf

ety

Emer

genc

y Re

spon

seLe

gal P

ract

ices

Prin

cipl

es o

f A

mer

ican

Dem

ocra

cy a

nd E

cono

mic

s –

AD (c

ontin

ued)

12.5

Stu

dent

s su

mm

ariz

e la

ndm

ark

U.S

. Sup

rem

e Co

urt

inte

rpre

tatio

ns o

f the

Con

stitu

-C2

.0, C

4.0,

C8.

0, C

9.0

tion

and

its

amen

dmen

ts.

12.5

.1. E

xpla

in h

ow c

ivil

soci

ety

prov

ides

opp

ortu

nitie

s fo

r ind

ivid

uals

to

asso

ciat

e fo

r A3

.0, A

6.0

C2.0

, C4.

0, C

8.0,

C9.

0so

cial

, cul

tura

l, re

ligio

us, e

cono

mic

, and

pol

itica

l pur

pose

s.

12.5

.4. E

xpla

in t

he c

ontr

over

sies

tha

t ha

ve r

esul

ted

over

cha

ngin

g in

terp

reta

tions

of

civ

il rig

hts,

incl

udin

g th

ose

in P

less

y v.

Fer

guso

n, B

row

n v.

Boa

rd o

f Edu

catio

n,

A2.

0, A

3.0

C2.0

, C4.

0, C

8.0,

C9.

0M

irand

a v.

Ariz

ona,

Reg

ents

of t

he U

nive

rsit

y of

Cal

iforn

ia v

. Bak

ke, A

dara

nd C

on-

stru

ctor

s, In

c. v

. Pen

a, a

nd U

nite

d St

ates

v. V

irgin

ia (V

MI)

.

12.6

Stu

dent

s ev

alua

te is

sues

reg

ardi

ng c

ampa

igns

for

nat

iona

l, st

ate,

and

loca

l ele

ctiv

e of

fices

.

12.6

.3. E

valu

ate

the

role

s of

pol

ls, c

ampa

ign

adve

rtis

ing,

and

the

con

trov

ersi

es o

ver

A1.0

C8.0

cam

paig

n fu

ndin

g.

12.6

.4. D

escr

ibe

the

mea

ns t

hat

citiz

ens

use

to p

artic

ipat

e in

the

pol

itica

l pro

cess

(e

.g.,

votin

g, c

ampa

igni

ng, l

obby

ing,

filin

g a

lega

l cha

lleng

e, d

emon

stra

ting,

pet

ition

-C8

.0in

g, p

icke

ting,

run

ning

for

pol

itica

l offi

ce).

12.7

Stu

dent

s an

alyz

e an

d co

mpa

re t

he p

ower

s an

d pr

oced

ures

of t

he n

atio

nal,

stat

e,

A2.

0, A

3.0,

A6.

0tr

ibal

, and

loca

l gov

ernm

ents

.

12.7

.1. E

xpla

in h

ow c

onfli

cts

betw

een

leve

ls o

f gov

ernm

ent

and

bran

ches

of g

over

n-C1

.0, C

4.0

men

t ar

e re

solv

ed

12.7

.2. I

dent

ify

the

maj

or r

espo

nsib

ilitie

s an

d so

urce

s of

rev

enue

for

sta

te a

nd lo

cal

B6.0

C1.0

, C4.

0go

vern

men

ts.

12.7

.3. D

iscu

ss r

eser

ved

pow

ers

and

conc

urre

nt p

ower

s of

sta

te g

over

nmen

ts.

A2.

0, A

5.0

C1.0

, C4.

0

12.7

.5. E

xpla

in h

ow p

ublic

pol

icy

is f

orm

ed, i

nclu

ding

the

set

ting

of t

he p

ublic

age

nda

C1.0

, C2.

0, C

3.0,

C4.

0, C

5.0,

A

2.0,

A5.

0, A

8.0

B6.0

and

impl

emen

tatio

n of

it t

hrou

gh r

egul

atio

ns a

nd e

xecu

tive

orde

rs.

C6.0

, C7.

0, C

8.0,

C9.

0, C

10.0

12.7

.6. C

ompa

re t

he p

roce

sses

of l

awm

akin

g at

eac

h of

the

thr

ee le

vels

of g

over

n-A

2.0

C1.0

, C4.

0m

ent,

incl

udin

g th

e ro

le o

f lob

byin

g an

d th

e m

edia

.

12.7

.7. I

dent

ify

the

orga

niza

tion

and

juris

dict

ion

of f

eder

al, s

tate

, and

loca

l (e.

g., C

ali-

A7.0

, A8.

0C1

.0, C

4.0,

C9.

0fo

rnia

) cou

rts

and

the

inte

rrel

atio

nshi

ps a

mon

g th

em.

39


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

PATH

WAY

S

A.

B.

C.

PU

BLI

C S

ER

VIC

ES

Publ

ic S

afet

yEm

erge

ncy

Resp

onse

Lega

l Pra

c-ti

ces

Prin

cipl

es o

f A

mer

ican

Dem

ocra

cy a

nd E

cono

mic

s –

AD (c

ontin

ued)

12.8

Stu

dent

s ev

alua

te a

nd t

ake

and

defe

nd p

ositi

ons

on t

he in

fluen

ce o

f the

med

ia o

n Am

eric

an

polit

ical

life

.

12.8

.1. D

iscu

ss t

he m

eani

ng a

nd im

port

ance

of a

fre

e an

d re

spon

sibl

e pr

ess.

A3.0

, A5.

0, A

7.0

C8.0

12.8

.2. D

escr

ibe

the

role

s of

bro

adca

st, p

rint,

and

elec

tron

ic m

edia

, inc

ludi

ng t

he In

tern

et, a

s m

eans

C8

.0of

com

mun

icat

ion

in A

mer

ican

pol

itics

.

12.8

.3. E

xpla

in h

ow p

ublic

offi

cial

s us

e th

e m

edia

to

com

mun

icat

e w

ith t

he c

itize

nry

and

to s

hape

A5

.0C8

.0pu

blic

opi

nion

.

12.9

Stu

dent

s an

alyz

e th

e or

igin

s, c

hara

cter

istic

s, a

nd d

evel

opm

ent

of d

iffe

rent

pol

itica

l sys

tem

s A3

.0C1

.0, C

4.0

acro

ss t

ime,

with

em

phas

is o

n th

e qu

est

for p

oliti

cal d

emoc

racy

, its

adv

ance

s, a

nd it

s ob

stac

les.

Prin

cipl

es o

f Ec

onom

ics

– PE

12.1

Stu

dent

s un

ders

tand

com

mon

eco

nom

ic t

erm

s an

d co

ncep

ts a

nd e

cono

mic

rea

soni

ng.

12.1

.4. E

valu

ate

the

role

of p

rivat

e pr

oper

ty a

s an

ince

ntiv

e in

con

serv

ing

and

impr

ovin

g sc

arce

C6

.0re

sour

ces,

incl

udin

g re

new

able

and

non

rene

wab

le n

atur

al r

esou

rces

.

12.3

Stu

dent

s an

alyz

e th

e in

fluen

ce o

f the

fed

eral

gov

ernm

ent

on t

he A

mer

ican

eco

nom

y.

12.3

.1. U

nder

stan

d ho

w t

he r

ole

of g

over

nmen

t in

a m

arke

t ec

onom

y of

ten

incl

udes

pro

vidi

ng

A1.0

, A2.

0, A

3.0,

fo

r nat

iona

l def

ense

, add

ress

ing

envi

ronm

enta

l con

cern

s, d

efini

ng a

nd e

nfor

cing

pro

pert

y rig

hts,

C4

.0A6

.0at

tem

ptin

g to

mak

e m

arke

ts m

ore

com

petit

ive,

and

pro

tect

ing

cons

umer

s’ rig

hts.

12.3

.2. I

dent

ify

the

fact

ors

that

may

cau

se t

he c

osts

of g

over

nmen

t ac

tions

to

outw

eigh

the

A3

.0, A

6.0

bene

fits.

12.3

.3. D

escr

ibe

the

aim

s of

gov

ernm

ent

fisca

l pol

icie

s (t

axat

ion,

bor

row

ing,

spe

ndin

g) a

nd t

heir

A3.0

, A6.

0in

fluen

ce o

n pr

oduc

tion,

em

ploy

men

t, an

d pr

ice

leve

ls.

12.3

.4. U

nder

stan

d th

e ai

ms

and

tool

s of

mon

etar

y po

licy

and

thei

r infl

uenc

e on

eco

nom

ic a

ctiv

ity

(e.g

., th

e Fe

dera

l Res

erve

).

12.4

Stu

dent

s an

alyz

e th

e el

emen

ts o

f the

U.S

. lab

or m

arke

t in

a g

loba

l set

ting.

12.4

.1. U

nder

stan

d th

e op

erat

ions

of t

he la

bor m

arke

t, in

clud

ing

the

circ

umst

ance

s su

rrou

ndin

g th

e es

tabl

ishm

ent

of p

rinci

pal A

mer

ican

labo

r uni

ons,

pro

cedu

res

that

uni

ons

use

to g

ain

bene

fits

for

A7.0

thei

r mem

bers

, the

eff

ects

of u

nion

izat

ion,

the

min

imum

wag

e, a

nd u

nem

ploy

men

t in

sura

nce.

40


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

PATH

WAY

SP

UB

LIC

SE

RV

ICE

SA

. B.

C.

Pu

blic

Saf

ety

Emer

genc

y Re

spon

seLe

gal P

ract

ices

Prin

cipl

es o

f Ec

onom

ics

– PE

(con

tinue

d)

12.4

.2. D

escr

ibe

the

curr

ent

econ

omy

and

labo

r mar

ket,

incl

udin

g th

e ty

pes

of g

oods

an

d se

rvic

es p

rodu

ced,

the

typ

es o

f ski

lls w

orke

rs n

eed,

the

eff

ects

of r

apid

tec

hno-

A7.0

logi

cal c

hang

e, a

nd t

he im

pact

of i

nter

natio

nal c

ompe

titio

n.

12.4

.3. D

iscu

ss w

age

diff

eren

ces

amon

g jo

bs a

nd p

rofe

ssio

ns, u

sing

the

law

s of

A7

.0de

man

d an

d su

pply

and

the

con

cept

of p

rodu

ctiv

ity.

12.6

Stu

dent

s an

alyz

e is

sues

of i

nter

natio

nal t

rade

and

exp

lain

how

the

U.S

. eco

nom

y af

fect

s, a

nd is

aff

ecte

d by

, eco

nom

ic f

orce

s be

yond

the

Uni

ted

Stat

es B

orde

rs.

12.6

.3. U

nder

stan

d th

e ch

angi

ng r

ole

of in

tern

atio

nal p

oliti

cal b

orde

rs a

nd t

errit

oria

l A3

.0, A

7.0

sove

reig

nty

in a

glo

bal e

cono

my.

U.S.

His

tory

and

Geo

grap

hy –

US

11.1

Stu

dent

s an

alyz

e th

e si

gnifi

cant

eve

nts

in t

he f

ound

ing

of t

he n

atio

n an

d it

s at

tem

pts

to r

ealiz

e th

e ph

iloso

phy

of g

over

nmen

t de

scrib

ed in

the

Dec

lara

tion

of

Inde

pend

ence

.

11.1

.1. D

escr

ibe

the

Enlig

hten

men

t an

d th

e ris

e of

dem

ocra

tic id

eas

as t

he c

onte

xt in

C1

.0w

hich

the

nat

ion

was

fou

nded

.

11.1

.2. A

naly

ze t

he id

eolo

gica

l orig

ins

of t

he A

mer

ican

Rev

olut

ion,

the

Fou

ndin

g Fa

ther

s’ ph

iloso

phy

of d

ivin

ely

best

owed

una

liena

ble

natu

ral r

ight

s, t

he d

ebat

es o

n A3

.0, A

6.0

C1.0

, C4.

0th

e dr

aftin

g an

d ra

tifica

tion

of t

he C

onst

itutio

n, a

nd t

he a

dditi

on o

f the

Bill

of R

ight

s.

11.1

.3. U

nder

stan

d th

e hi

stor

y of

the

Con

stitu

tion

afte

r 178

7 w

ith e

mph

asis

on

A3

.0, A

6.0

C1.0

, C4.

0fe

dera

l ver

sus

stat

e au

thor

ity

and

grow

ing

dem

ocra

tizat

ion.

11.2

Stu

dent

s an

alyz

e th

e re

latio

nshi

p am

ong

the

rise

of in

dust

rializ

atio

n, la

rge-

scal

e ru

ral-

to-u

rban

mig

ratio

n, a

nd m

assi

ve im

mig

ratio

n fr

om S

outh

ern

and

East

ern

Euro

pe.

11.2

.2. D

escr

ibe

the

chan

ging

land

scap

e, in

clud

ing

the

grow

th o

f citi

es li

nked

by

indu

stry

and

tra

de, a

nd t

he d

evel

opm

ent

of c

ities

div

ided

acc

ordi

ng t

o ra

ce, e

thni

city

, A1

.0, A

2.0

C4.0

and

clas

s.

11.2

.9. U

nder

stan

d th

e ef

fect

of p

oliti

cal p

rogr

ams

and

activ

ities

of t

he P

rogr

es-

sive

s (e

.g.,

fede

ral r

egul

atio

n of

rai

lroad

tra

nspo

rt, C

hild

ren’

s Bu

reau

, the

Six

teen

th

A2.

0Am

endm

ent,

Theo

dore

Roo

seve

lt, H

iram

Joh

nson

).

41


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

PATH

WAY

SP

UB

LIC

SE

RV

ICE

SA

. B.

C.

Pu

blic

Saf

ety

Emer

genc

y Re

spon

seLe

gal P

ract

ices

His

tory

and

Geo

grap

hy –

US

(con

tinue

d)

11.3

Stu

dent

s an

alyz

e th

e ro

le r

elig

ion

play

ed in

the

fou

ndin

g of

Am

eric

a, it

s la

stin

g m

oral

, so

cial

, and

pol

itica

l im

pact

s, a

nd is

sues

reg

ardi

ng r

elig

ious

libe

rty.

11.3

.4. D

iscu

ss t

he e

xpan

ding

rel

igio

us p

lura

lism

in t

he U

nite

d St

ates

and

Cal

iforn

ia t

hat

A1.0

resu

lted

from

larg

e-sc

ale

imm

igra

tion

in t

he t

wen

tieth

cen

tury

.

11.5

Stu

dent

s an

alyz

e th

e m

ajor

pol

itica

l, so

cial

, eco

nom

ic, t

echn

olog

ical

, and

cul

tura

l dev

elop

-C2

.0m

ents

of t

he 1

920s

.

11.5

.1. D

iscu

ss t

he p

olic

ies

of P

resi

dent

s W

arre

n H

ardi

ng, C

alvi

n Co

olid

ge, a

nd H

erbe

rt

C2.0

, C4.

0H

oove

r.

11.5

.2. A

naly

ze t

he in

tern

atio

nal a

nd d

omes

tic e

vent

s, in

tere

sts,

and

phi

loso

phie

s th

at

prom

pted

att

acks

on

civi

l lib

ertie

s, in

clud

ing

the

Palm

er R

aids

, Mar

cus

Gar

vey’

s “b

ack-

to-A

fric

a” m

ovem

ent,

the

Ku K

lux

Klan

, and

imm

igra

tion

quot

as a

nd t

he r

espo

nses

of

C4.0

orga

niza

tions

suc

h as

the

Am

eric

an C

ivil

Libe

rtie

s U

nion

, the

Nat

iona

l Ass

ocia

tion

for t

he

Adva

ncem

ent

of C

olor

ed P

eopl

e, a

nd t

he A

nti-

Defa

mat

ion

Leag

ue t

o th

ose

atta

cks.

11.5

.3. E

xam

ine

the

pass

age

of t

he E

ight

eent

h Am

endm

ent

to t

he C

onst

itutio

n an

d th

e Vo

l-C4

.0st

ead

Act

(Pro

hibi

tion)

.

11.5

.4. A

naly

ze t

he p

assa

ge o

f the

Nin

etee

nth

Amen

dmen

t an

d th

e ch

angi

ng r

ole

of w

omen

A6

.0C4

.0in

soc

iety

.

11.5

.5. D

escr

ibe

the

Har

lem

Ren

aiss

ance

and

new

tre

nds

in li

tera

ture

, mus

ic, a

nd a

rt, w

ith

A1.0

spec

ial a

tten

tion

to t

he w

ork

of w

riter

s (e

.g.,

Zora

Nea

le H

urst

on, L

angs

ton

Hug

hes)

.

11.5

.7. D

iscu

ss t

he ri

se o

f mas

s pr

oduc

tion

tech

niqu

es, t

he g

row

th o

f citi

es, t

he im

pact

of

new

tec

hnol

ogie

s (e

.g.,

the

auto

mob

ile, e

lect

ricit

y), a

nd t

he r

esul

ting

pros

perit

y an

d ef

fect

on

A2.

0th

e Am

eric

an la

ndsc

ape.

11.6

Stu

dent

s an

alyz

e th

e di

ffer

ent

expl

anat

ions

for

the

Gre

at D

epre

ssio

n an

d ho

w t

he N

ew

Deal

fun

dam

enta

lly c

hang

ed t

he r

ole

of t

he f

eder

al g

over

nmen

t.

11.6

.4. A

naly

ze t

he e

ffec

ts o

f and

the

con

trov

ersi

es a

risin

g fr

om N

ew D

eal e

cono

mic

pol

icie

s an

d th

e ex

pand

ed r

ole

of t

he f

eder

al g

over

nmen

t in

soc

iety

and

the

eco

nom

y si

nce

the

1930

s (e

.g.,

Wor

ks P

rogr

ess

Adm

inis

trat

ion,

Soc

ial S

ecur

ity,

Nat

iona

l Lab

or R

elat

ions

Boa

rd, f

arm

C4

.0pr

ogra

ms,

reg

iona

l dev

elop

men

t po

licie

s, a

nd e

nerg

y de

velo

pmen

t pr

ojec

ts s

uch

as t

he T

en-

ness

ee V

alle

y Au

thor

ity,

Cal

iforn

ia C

entr

al V

alle

y Pr

ojec

t, an

d Bo

nnev

ille

Dam

).

42


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

PATH

WAY

SP

UB

LIC

SE

RV

ICE

SA

. B.

C.

Pu

blic

Saf

ety

Emer

genc

y Re

spon

seLe

gal P

ract

ices

His

tory

and

Geo

grap

hy –

US

(con

tinue

d)

11.7

Stu

dent

s an

alyz

e Am

eric

a’s

part

icip

atio

n in

Wor

ld W

ar II

.

11.7

.1. E

xam

ine

the

orig

ins

of A

mer

ican

invo

lvem

ent

in t

he w

ar, w

ith a

n em

phas

is o

n th

e A

2.0,

A3.

0, A

7.0

even

ts t

hat

prec

ipita

ted

the

atta

ck o

n Pe

arl H

arbo

r.

11.7

.5. D

iscu

ss t

he c

onst

itutio

nal i

ssue

s an

d im

pact

of e

vent

s on

the

U.S

. hom

e fr

ont,

incl

udin

g th

e in

tern

men

t of

Jap

anes

e Am

eric

ans

(e.g

., Fr

ed K

orem

atsu

v. U

nite

d St

ates

of

Amer

ica)

and

the

res

tric

tions

on

Ger

man

and

Ital

ian

resi

dent

alie

ns; t

he r

espo

nse

of t

he

A1.0

, A3.

0C4

.0ad

min

istr

atio

n to

Hitl

er’s

atro

citie

s ag

ains

t Je

ws

and

othe

r gro

ups;

the

rol

es o

f wom

en

in m

ilita

ry p

rodu

ctio

n; a

nd t

he r

oles

and

gro

win

g po

litic

al d

eman

ds o

f Afr

ican

Am

eric

an.

11.7

.7. D

iscu

ss t

he d

ecis

ion

to d

rop

atom

ic b

ombs

and

the

con

sequ

ence

s of

the

A

2.0,

A3.

0, A

7.0

deci

sion

(Hiro

shim

a an

d N

agas

aki)

.

11.8

Stu

dent

s an

alyz

e th

e ec

onom

ic b

oom

and

soc

ial t

rans

form

atio

n of

pos

t-W

orld

War

II

Amer

ica.

11.8

.2. D

escr

ibe

the

sign

ifica

nce

of M

exic

an im

mig

ratio

n an

d it

s re

latio

nshi

p to

the

A1

.0C4

.0ag

ricul

tura

l eco

nom

y, e

spec

ially

in C

alifo

rnia

.

11.9

Stu

dent

ana

lyze

U.S

. for

eign

pol

icy

sinc

e W

orld

War

II.

11.9

.7. E

xam

ine

rela

tions

bet

wee

n th

e U

nite

d St

ates

and

Mex

ico

in t

he t

wen

tieth

cen

-A3

.0, A

7.0

C4.0

tury

, inc

ludi

ng k

ey e

cono

mic

, pol

itica

l, im

mig

ratio

n, a

nd e

nviro

nmen

tal i

ssue

s.

11.1

0 St

uden

ts a

naly

ze t

he d

evel

opm

ent

of f

eder

al c

ivil

right

s an

d vo

ting

right

s.A1

.0, A

6.0

11.1

0.6.

Ana

lyze

the

pas

sage

and

eff

ects

of c

ivil

right

s an

d vo

ting

right

s le

gisl

atio

n (e

.g.,

1964

Civ

il Ri

ghts

Act

, Vot

ing

Righ

ts A

ct o

f 196

5) a

nd t

he T

wen

ty-F

ourt

h Am

endm

ent,

C4.0

with

an

emph

asis

on

equa

lity

of a

cces

s to

edu

catio

n an

d to

the

pol

itica

l pro

cess

.

11.11

Stu

dent

s an

alyz

e th

e m

ajor

soc

ial p

robl

ems

and

dom

estic

pol

icy

issu

es in

con

tem

po-

rary

Am

eric

an s

ocie

ty.

11.11

.1. D

iscu

ss t

he r

easo

ns f

or t

he n

atio

n’s

chan

ging

imm

igra

tion

polic

y, w

ith e

mph

asis

on

how

the

Imm

igra

tion

Act

of 1

965

and

succ

esso

r act

s ha

ve t

rans

form

ed A

mer

ican

A1

.0, A

3.0

C4.0

soci

ety.

11.11

.3. D

escr

ibe

the

chan

ging

rol

es o

f wom

en in

soc

iety

as

refle

cted

in t

he e

ntry

of

A1.0

, A6.

0C4

.0m

ore

wom

en in

to t

he la

bor f

orce

and

the

cha

ngin

g fa

mily

str

uctu

re.

43


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

PATH

WAY

SP

UB

LIC

SE

RV

ICE

SA

. B.

C.

Pu

blic

Saf

ety

Emer

genc

y Re

spon

seLe

gal P

ract

ices

His

tory

and

Geo

grap

hy –

US

(con

tinue

d)11

.11.5

. Tra

ce t

he im

pact

of,

need

for

, and

con

trov

ersi

es a

ssoc

iate

d w

ith e

nviro

n-m

enta

l con

serv

atio

n, e

xpan

sion

of t

he n

atio

nal p

ark

syst

em, a

nd t

he d

evel

opm

ent

of

A1.0

C4.0

envi

ronm

enta

l pro

tect

ion

law

s, w

ith p

artic

ular

att

entio

n to

the

inte

ract

ion

betw

een

envi

ronm

enta

l pro

tect

ion

advo

cate

s an

d pr

oper

ty ri

ghts

adv

ocat

es.

11.11

.6. A

naly

ze t

he p

ersi

sten

ce o

f pov

erty

and

how

dif

fere

nt a

naly

ses

of t

his

issu

e A1

.0C4

.0in

fluen

ce w

elfa

re r

efor

m, h

ealth

insu

ranc

e re

form

, and

oth

er s

ocia

l pol

icie

s.

11.11

.7. E

xpla

in h

ow t

he f

eder

al, s

tate

, and

loca

l gov

ernm

ents

hav

e re

spon

ded

to

dem

ogra

phic

and

soc

ial c

hang

es s

uch

as p

opul

atio

n sh

ifts

to

the

subu

rbs,

rac

ial

A3.0

C4.0

conc

entr

atio

ns in

the

citi

es, F

rost

belt-

to-S

unbe

lt m

igra

tion,

inte

rnat

iona

l mig

ratio

n,

decl

ine

of f

amily

far

ms,

incr

ease

s in

out

-of-

wed

lock

birt

hs, a

nd d

rug

abus

e.

Wor

ld H

isto

ry, C

ultu

re, a

nd G

eogr

aphy

– W

H10

.3 S

tude

nts

anal

yze

the

effe

cts

of t

he In

dust

rial R

evol

utio

n in

Eng

land

, Fra

nce,

Ger

-m

any,

Jap

an, a

nd t

he U

nite

d St

ates

.

10.3

.1. A

naly

ze w

hy E

ngla

nd w

as t

he fi

rst

coun

try

to in

dust

rializ

e.A1

.0, A

2.0

10.3

.2. E

xam

ine

how

sci

entifi

c an

d te

chno

logi

cal c

hang

es a

nd n

ew f

orm

s of

ene

rgy

brou

ght

abou

t m

assi

ve s

ocia

l, ec

onom

ic, a

nd c

ultu

ral c

hang

e (e

.g.,

the

inve

ntio

ns

A1.0

, A2.

0an

d di

scov

erie

s of

Jam

es W

att,

Eli W

hitn

ey, H

enry

Bes

sem

er, L

ouis

Pas

teur

, Tho

mas

Ed

ison

).

10.3

.3. D

escr

ibe

the

grow

th o

f pop

ulat

ion,

rur

al t

o ur

ban

mig

ratio

n, a

nd g

row

th o

f A1

.0, A

2.0

citie

s as

soci

ated

with

the

Indu

stria

l Rev

olut

ion.

10.3

.4. T

race

the

evo

lutio

n of

wor

k an

d la

bor,

incl

udin

g th

e de

mis

e of

the

sla

ve t

rade

an

d th

e ef

fect

s of

imm

igra

tion,

min

ing

and

man

ufac

turin

g, d

ivis

ion

of la

bor,

and

the

A1.0

, A2.

0un

ion

mov

emen

t.

10.3

.5. U

nder

stan

d th

e co

nnec

tions

am

ong

natu

ral r

esou

rces

, ent

repr

eneu

rshi

p, la

bor,

A1.0

, A2.

0an

d ca

pita

l in

an in

dust

rial e

cono

my.

10.3

.6. A

naly

ze t

he e

mer

genc

e of

cap

italis

m a

s a

dom

inan

t ec

onom

ic p

atte

rn a

nd t

he

A1.0

, A2.

0re

spon

ses

to it

, inc

ludi

ng U

topi

anis

m, S

ocia

l Dem

ocra

cy, S

ocia

lism

, and

Com

mun

ism

.

10.3

.7. D

escr

ibe

the

emer

genc

e of

Rom

antic

ism

in a

rt a

nd li

tera

ture

(e.g

., th

e po

etry

of

Will

iam

Bla

ke a

nd W

illia

m W

ords

wor

th),

soci

al c

ritic

ism

(e.g

., th

e no

vels

of C

harle

s A1

.0, A

2.0

Dick

ens)

, and

the

mov

e aw

ay f

rom

Cla

ssic

ism

in E

urop

e.

44


Acad

emic

Alig

nmen

t M

atrix

PATH

WAY

SP

UB

LIC

SE

RV

ICE

SA

. B.

C.

Pu

blic

Saf

ety

Emer

genc

y Re

spon

seLe

gal P

ract

ices

Wor

ld H

isto

ry, C

ultu

re, a

nd G

eogr

aphy

– W

H (c

ontin

ued)

10.1

0 St

uden

ts a

naly

ze in

stan

ces

of n

atio

n-bu

ildin

g in

the

con

tem

pora

ry w

orld

in a

t le

ast

two

of t

he f

ollo

win

g re

gion

s or

cou

ntrie

s: t

he M

iddl

e Ea

st, A

fric

a, M

exic

o an

d ot

her p

arts

of L

atin

Am

eric

a, a

nd C

hina

.

10.1

0.1.

Und

erst

and

the

chal

leng

es in

the

reg

ions

, inc

ludi

ng t

heir

geop

oliti

cal,

cu

ltura

l, m

ilita

ry, a

nd e

cono

mic

sig

nific

ance

and

the

inte

rnat

iona

l rel

atio

nshi

ps in

A

2.0,

A3.

0, A

6.0

whi

ch t

hey

are

invo

lved

.

10.1

0.2.

Des

crib

e th

e re

cent

his

tory

of t

he r

egio

ns, i

nclu

ding

pol

itica

l div

isio

ns a

nd

syst

ems,

key

lead

ers,

rel

igio

us is

sues

, nat

ural

fea

ture

s, r

esou

rces

, and

pop

ulat

ion

A

2.0,

A3.

0, A

6.0

patt

erns

.

10.1

0.3.

Dis

cuss

the

impo

rtan

t tr

ends

in t

he r

egio

ns t

oday

and

whe

ther

the

y ap

pear

A

2.0,

A3.

0, A

6.0

to s

erve

the

cau

se o

f ind

ivid

ual f

reed

om a

nd d

emoc

racy

.

10.11

Stu

dent

s an

alyz

e th

e in

tegr

atio

n of

cou

ntrie

s in

to t

he w

orld

eco

nom

y an

d th

e A1

.0, A

2.0,

A3.

0,

info

rmat

ion,

tec

hnol

ogic

al, a

nd c

omm

unic

atio

ns r

evol

utio

ns (e

.g.,

tele

visi

on, s

atel

lites

, A6

.0, A

7.0

com

pute

rs).

45


Contributors

Public Services

Lloyd McCabe, Administrator, California Department of Education

Cindy Beck, Education Consultant, California Department of Education

Standards Review TeamJane Artega, Fire Mitigation and Education Specialist, Bureau of Land Management

Mike Beaber, Deputy Director, California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation

Ina Bendich, Director, Excel High School

Paul Bestolarides, Chief of Training and Professional Development, California Depart-ment of Corrections and Rehabilitation

Al Brondolo, Teacher, Mariposa County High School

Keith E. Clement, Professor, California State University, Fresno

Randy Collins, Director, Fire Technology, Santa Rosa Junior College

Greg Comella, Human Resources Specialist, Bureau of Land Management

Chris Costamagna, Battalion Chief, Sacramento Fire Department

Art Cota, Retired, California Office of the State Fire Marshall

Brent Dickinson, Fire Tech Teacher, Napa County Regional Occupational Program

Michael Dickinson, School Superintendent, San Bernardino City Unified School District

Joy Gibson Taylor, Recruitment Specialist, Bureau of Land Management

Guy Hall, Teacher, Mariposa County High School

Bill Hartley, Teacher, Chawanake Unified School District

Regina Hartley, Teacher, Chawanake Unified School District

Pam Hildebrandt, Teacher, Fresno County Office of Education

Michael Hooper, Bureau Chief, California Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training

William V. Karns, Vice Chancellor, Education and Technology, Los Rios Community Col-lege

Gary Kirby, Coordinator, Fresno County Regional Occupational Program

Greg Kyritsis, Law Enforcement Consultant, California Commission on Peace Officers Standards and Training

Gustavo Loera, Director, Mental Health America of Los Angeles

46


Terrel Marshall, Sacramento Police Department

Mike McColm, Fire Science Teacher, Clovis Unified School District

Tara Naisbitt, California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation

Tom E. Navickas, National Partnership for Careers in Law, Public Safety, Corrections and Security

Craig Ogino, Chula Vista Police and San Bernardino Sheriff’s Department

Anthony Risner, Teacher, Yosemite High School

David Saltzer, Attorney, Saddleback Valley Unified School District

Nikki Siecks, Consultant

Dan Throgmorton, Associate Vice Chancellor, Workforce and Economic Development, Los Rios Community College District

Al Tweltridge, Consultant, Fire Fighter Joint Apprenticeship Committee

Glenn D. White, Deputy SCSO Director, Administration of Justice, College of the Siskiyous

Mark Zamora, Teacher, Fresno Unified School District

Standards Writing TeamIna Bendich, Director, Excel High School

Judy Johnson, Executive Director Emeritus, State Bar of California

Patricia Lee, Special Assistant for Diversity and Bar Relations, Office of Access and Fairness Programs, State Bar of California

Chris Mathias, Director, University of California, Berkeley

Kathy Toy, Lead Administrator, Public Safety Academy, San Bernardino

Common Core Alignment TeamMonte Ekott, Instructor, Norwalk–La Mirada Unified School District

Elizabeth Gonzalez, Instructor, Norwalk–La Mirada Unified School District

James Maynard, Instructor, Norwalk–La Mirada Unified School District

John Noonan, Instructor, Coachella Valley Unified School District

Scott Tarlton, Instructor, Westminster High School

Kelly Villarreal, Instructor, Santa Clara Unified School District

Mark Viss, Instructor, Modesto City Schools

Darrel Wildt, Instructor, San Joaquin County Office of Education

47


References

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http://www.shrm.org/research/surveyfindings/documents/are they really ready to work survey report.pdf


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